annotate HeavenOnEarth/notes.txt @ 210:89a7691c3868

Stuart Masters 1, through 28:40
author Henry S. Thompson <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
date Fri, 25 Jun 2021 23:07:02 +0100
parents 59f4ab0279f7
children 3a9b06e42b40
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89a7691c3868 Stuart Masters 1, through 28:40
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1 ===================
89a7691c3868 Stuart Masters 1, through 28:40
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2 Part 1 Tim Peat Ashworth _The Earliest Christians_
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3 ===================
89a7691c3868 Stuart Masters 1, through 28:40
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4
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5 Paul as focussed on the transformation of all
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6 creation, originating in the transformation of ourselves. Finding
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7 that throughout the NT.
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8
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9 "The William": There's a big gap in the New Testament narratives: the
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10 Romans, the resistance, Masada (73 CE), etc. Why?
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11
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12 Stuart M: Tension between the quiet, inward worship practice and the
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13 noisy, outward, charismatic behaviour it underpinned.
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14
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15 The struggle to survive post-Restoration plus the failure of the
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16 expectation of external transformation put the previous public
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17 aspect of Quakerism had to be reined in.
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18
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19 Barclay gives up on radical equality: God's plan allows for
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20 different wealth for different people.
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21
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22 Branston-Hicks metaphor! Is there still a real labour and birth
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23 still to come?
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24
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25 TPA: But note that in early Christianity the challenge of organisation
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26 vs. inspiration leads to an emergence of hierarchy, but that never
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27 happened among Friends...
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28
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29 Ben Dandelion: Fox appealing to "30 minutes of silence" in Revelation,
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30 and the inward communion in Revelation 3:20 (?: "Here I am! I stand at
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31 the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I
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32 will come in and eat with that person, and they with me.").
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33
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34 Evangelical framing of their situation in the 18th century falls in
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35 line with the "sometime in the distance" for the expectation of the
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36 2nd Coming
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37
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38 How can we reframe the idea of Heaven on Earth, reinvent the
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39 tradition, to keep the possibility of transformation alive.
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40
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41 How do we make sense of what is essentially a 2nd coming liturgy?
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42
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43 If we're waiting for humanity to respond to the opportunity, what
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44 will it take for that to happen? [TPA: When we realise there is no
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45 alternative]
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46
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47 TPA: What accounts then for the "20% of London and Bristol were
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48 caught up by Quakerism" in the 1650s? BPD: [The context: finding
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49 certainity and hope in a catastrophic situation]
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50
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51 The contrast of "anyone can be saved" with much of what the other
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52 churches were saying.
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53
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54 ----------TPA video 1----------
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55
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56 Luke: "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me" are Jesus's first public
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57 words. Thereafter we don't hear much about the Spirit, but the
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58 unspoken sub-text is, wrt Jesus himself: "Look at Jesus: This is what
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59 the Spirit-led life looks like". The Spirit gives a foretaste of what
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60 is to come... Paul describes the Apostles as 'Ambassadors of life in
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61 the Spirit'. Manifesting life in the Spirit as it was in Jesus,
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62 because they saw it in him. [Note that this makes Paul's claim to
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63 _be_ and Apostle a bit tenuous]
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64
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65 Early Christian communities: spiritual families ('brother' and 'sister')
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66 Boundaries crossed/erased -- manifestations of the Spirit -- but a
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67 diversity of gifts. Their community life is manifesting what the
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68 Spirit is bringing and will bring.
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69
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70 Revelation: taking away a veil, now, and coming. Normal way of seeing
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71 boundaries between e.g. classes is falling away, seeing things in new
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72 ways. Not a new set of teachings, but a new kind of perception [and
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73 of living?]
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74
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75 Crunch time: how much can you rely on this? First conflict over the
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76 dietary laws. The Law vs. the new vision. Matthew keeps a strong
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77 place for the Law, Jesus as a teacher in the Jewish tradition
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78 (radical, but in the same tradition).
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79
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80 Humanity is to be transformed, and continue, in the Spirit, (and so
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81 the whole of Creation is transformed).
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82
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83 Luke has what Eden Grace described: "Creation waits with eager/anxious expectation"
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84 A sense of bringing to birth, with the attendant hint of anxiety.
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85 And we have the Spirit as midwife to the change: support with firmness
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86
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87 Humanity refashioned not just in, but as, the image ('ikon') of God
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88
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89 And this has to begin with a dying of the old form of life.
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90 "_I_ live no longer, but Christ lives in me" [Paul, somewhere]
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91
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92 TPA (responding to SM): There's a _lot_ about newness in the NT, but
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93 it's almost all about people coming into a new understanding of what
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94 it is to be human, and not much about seeing the whole of creation in
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95 a new way, as early Friends would.
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96
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97 PBD paraphrasing TPA (responding to BPD): Jesus's resurrection is the
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98 _beginning_ of the fulfillment of the prophesy of universal
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99 resurrection: "a justification that something major has begun, if if
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100 it hasn't been completed".
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101
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102 TPA (responding so SM 42:10): Was it a time of constant upheaval,
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103 heavy oppresive behavious from the occupying Roman forces, etc.? A
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104 lot of scholarly debate pro and con on this. Ed Saunders (sp?) yes
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105 life was tough, harvests failed, but Roman rule was by-and-large _not_
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106 obtrusive, and largely implemented through local intermediaries.
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107
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108 BPD: Are the Gospels trying, as they tell it, to reconfigure what
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109 happened leading up to and in Jesus's crucifixion to fit with new
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110 sense of delay [in the Kingdom] [that they were experiencing 20/30
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111 years later]?
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112
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113 The coming of the Spirit to the Gentiles, which happened very quickly,
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114 was "the knock-down argument" that the coming resurrection was for
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115 _all_ people, not just the (people formerly known as the) Chosen of
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116 God.
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117
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118 ==============Forum discussions==========
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119 I need to say something in this thread:
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120 https://moodle.woodbrooke.org.uk/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=14517
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121 about (FK's reading of) Aquinas's approach to free will and Grace:
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122 not just us, not just God, but (a mystical union of) both...
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123
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124 ---------TPA Video 2-----------
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125 Back to what is coming, that is heaven on earth, is understood as the
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126 transformation of humankind. So, not so much heaven on earth as
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127 heaven _in_ earth, 'in earthy stuff'. Ref. Phil. 2:5-8
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128
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129 5 In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus:
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130
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131 6 who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God
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132 something to be used to his own advantage;
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133
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134 7 rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a
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135 servant, being made in human likeness.
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136
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137 8 And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself by
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138 becoming obedient to death – even death on a cross!
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139
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140 Ref. Genesis -- "made in the image of God" -- we can do this ourselves.
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141
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142 Day of Atonement, in the Temple, in Jerusalem: the only day the High
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143 Priest goes in to the Holy of Holies. Wearing this-day-only
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144 vestments, with imagery of Creation and the Garden. In the
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145 forgiveness that follows, the whole of creation is restored to the
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146 purity of the Garden.
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147
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148 The New Testament is usually approached (i.e. we 21st century folk
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149 were taught it) through and from the perspective of the later
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150 developments of the Christian Church.
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151
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152 And of course that also has influenced how it is translated.
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153
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154 As the community/communities of Early Christians grow and stabilise,
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155 external pressure on them grows, which in turn leads to a need to have
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156 an account of their origins that's coherent and reliable, which in
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157 turn leads to downplaying e.g. the early internal frictions, even as
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158 the New Testament is still being written...
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159
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160 At first there's a lot of flexibility, stories, metaphors, adaptations
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161 of the Hebrew scriptures.
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162
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163 But as the community gets more public, more confident, with more
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164 impact on the wider world, pressure from outside grows, which
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165 generates pressure within the community as to how they live in the
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166 world, what must be held on to and what can change to accommodate to
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167 outside pressure... And so a structure of authority and reliable
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168 doctrine emerges
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169
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170 *Quakers: three keys to unlock what was happening in earliest
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171 Christianity*
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172
208
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173 1) *The living word*
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174 'This is the word of the Lord'
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175 But in the NT, 'the word of the Lord' does _not_ mean Scripture.
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176 As in the OT, it is something that comes to _people_, in the OT
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177 the prophets, in the NT the new Christians themselves.
210
89a7691c3868 Stuart Masters 1, through 28:40
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178 Ref. Hebrews 8, quoting Jeremiah 31:31-34, several times. This is
208
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179 the longest quote of the OT in the NT: "The days are surely coming..."
207
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180
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181 31 The days are surely coming, says the Lord, when I will make a
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182 new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah.
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183
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184 32 It will not be like the covenant that I made with their
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185 ancestors when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the
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186 land of Egypt—a covenant that they broke, though I was their
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187 husband, says the Lord.
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188
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189 33 But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of
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190 Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put my law within
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191 them, and I will write it on their hearts; and I will be their
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192 God, and they shall be my people.
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193
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194 34 No longer shall they teach one another, or say to each other,
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195 "Know the Lord," for they shall all know me, from the least of
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196 them to the greatest, says the Lord; for I will forgive their
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197 iniquity, and remember their sin no more.
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198 [NRSV https://www.biblestudytools.com/nrs/]
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199
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200 Central to early Christian understanding (note reference to a "new
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201 covenant", as in the blessing at the Last Supper).
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202
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203 Hebrews 4:7 O that today you would hear his voice, harden not your
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204 hearts [TPA]
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205
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206 Hebrews 4:12 Indeed, the word of God is living and active, sharper
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207 than any two-edged sword, piercing until it divides
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208 soul from spirit, joints from marrow; it is able to
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209 judge the thoughts and intentions of the heart. [NRSV]
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210
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211 Hebrews 6:4 ... those who have once been enlightened, and have
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212 tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy
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213 Spirit, (5) and have tasted the goodness of the word of
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214 God and the powers of the age to come,
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215
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216 Hebrews 12:22-25
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217
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218 22 But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of
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219 the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to
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220 innumerable angels in festal gathering,
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221
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222 23 and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled
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223 in heaven, and to God the judge of all, and to the
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224 spirits of the righteous made perfect,
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225
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226 24 and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to
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227 the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the
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228 blood of Abel.
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229
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230 25 See that you do not refuse the one who is speaking [NRSV]
208
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231
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232 2) *Jesus: how do you recognise the living word, the true prophet?*
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233
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234 A sharpness in the way Luke talks about Jesus, particularly the way
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235 in which he says you have to see things differently: the old ways of
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236 recognition are not capable of seeing the new thing that is emerging.
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237
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238 Unless you change, you will not perceive
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239
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240 Prompting people into a new way of seeing -- not about ethics in
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241 Luke, about how to live...
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242
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243 Luke 7:18--21 - questions about John; how can this man be a prophet
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244 -- what we you looking to _see_ when you went out to the desert to
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245 find John? You get it wrong: John is mad, I'm a drunkard. [those
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246 are the old ways of seeing]. At the end [7:35] "Wisdom is justified
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247 [vindicate] by [all] her children". [NRSV]
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248
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249 Parable of the Sower explained: "The seed is the word" [8:11].
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250
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251 "Then pay attention to how you listen; for to those who have, more
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252 will be given; and from those who do not have, even what they seem to
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253 have will be taken away" [8:18]
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254
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255 Who are my mother and my brothers? "My mother and my brothers are
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256 those who hear the word of the Lord and do it." [8:21]
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257
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258 3) *All the faithful may prophecy*
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259
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260 Pentecost
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261 1 Corinthians 14:
207
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262
208
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263 29 Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others weigh what
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264 is said.
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265
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266 30 If a revelation is made to someone else sitting nearby, let
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267 the first person be silent.
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268
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269 31 For you can all prophesy one by one, so that all may learn and
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270 all be encouraged.
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271
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272 32 And the spirits of prophets are subject to the prophets, [NRSV]
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273
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274 Listen with the same spirit as what is being said...
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275
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276 The priesthood of all the faithful 1 Peter 2:
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277
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278 9 But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation,
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279
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280 Doesn't last: ref. pressures above, _and_ conflict within[/between]
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281 the communities, bishops 'overseers' and deacons 'servants'
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282 emerge by the end of the NT era.
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283
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284 Prophecy is unpredictable, elusive: importance of community in
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285 discernment, emerging in Paul, prophetic testing, what builds up the community.
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286
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287 -----
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288
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289 The problem of discernment emerges: The development of the Spirit-led
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290 life, but Which of the developments are distortions, which are truly
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291 spirit-led
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292
209
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293 -----Discussion-------
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294 SM: Wrt the focus being on the person, it's because the _problem_ is with
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295 humanity, the Fall, (ref. Nayler and the Eastern church)
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296
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297 TPA: We are not separate from Creation, and when things go wrong it has
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298 _cosmic_ significance: if the image of God is lost in us, that's a
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299 fundamental problem.
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300
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301 BPD: What happens to Heaven on Earth as the pressure builds?
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302
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303 TPA: That leads to serious questions about how Jesus is understood.
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304 By John, Jesus has been considerably elevated ("my Lord and my God").
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305 The earliest Christianity as "living the Spirit-led life" is somehow
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306 overshadowed by the role of faith in Jesus -> you will have eternal
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307 life. The conflict makes the focus be on preservation rather than
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308 growth. Keeping, protecting, holding the community.
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309
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310 SM: We need to be ordered in order to survive. Parallel with early
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311 Friends. Accommodating to the world is precisely what compromises the
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312 vision. "They were possessed of the Spirit, and lost it" vs. "They
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313 were crazy, and then settled down" Early Christians, and early
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314 Friends.
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315
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316 TPA: The tension is there, in the NT, between the focus being on
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317 living the Spirit-led life, or being extraordinarily devoted to Jesus.
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318 "If you start only with Jesus's divinity, that's a fixed point: it
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319 [the NT] doesn't reveal its truth".
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320
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321 BPD: So is the problem that they didn't have, as it were, Fox and
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322 Fell, to take things in hand and lead them forward?
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323
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324 TPA: Hmm. The network is there, there are links between the
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325 communities, Paul is travelling, others are too. And there are things
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326 that are shared/persist, e.g. Jesus, and the life in the Spirit, but
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327 dealing with the world is less systematic, the problem [of outside
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328 pressure] becomes more acute. This leads towards hierarchy and an
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329 authority structure, centred on Rome by the end of the 1st century.
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330 You have the Bishop of Rome writing to the community in Corinth in
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331 95CE.
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332
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333 SM: Parallel with the shift of power from Swarthmore Hall to London,
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334 with the male Elders in the Second-Day Morning Meeting controlling
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335 what can be published in the Quaker name. You see the need to control
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336 the public image.
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337
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338 TPA, responding to BPD: You see this in how Jesus goes about his work:
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339 It's not [Gnostic] "we know and you don't", rather "the only way you
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340 can come to this is by seeing it yourself", "there's no bit of
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341 teaching that is going to do this [for you]", difficult, being really
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342 creative: Parables are _not neat_, they're provocative.
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343
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344 SM: [In a group where] two or three people had had significant
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345 transformative spiritual experiences, and they felt that it isolated
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346 them from their communities, where no-one else had had that...
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347
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348 [Brilliant, speaking with the prophetic voice, post from Linda
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349 Garrett: https://moodle.woodbrooke.org.uk/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=14564]
210
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350
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351 ==========================
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352 Stuart Masters _The Early Quakers_
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353 ==========================
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354
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355 Mainstream Puritanism at the start of the Quaker period is quite
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356 straight Calvanism, with predestination of the Elect as the core.
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357
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358 Radical Puritanism, in contract, really experiencing and knowing God
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359 within yourself, shared with the early Quaker vision.
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360
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361 *The Experience and the Vision*
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362
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363 *Pentecost* -- the catalyst, the enabler
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364
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365 The spirit of God poured on all people:
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366
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367 Joel 2:28 (Peter adverts to this in Acts 2:17)
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368
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369 In the last days it will be, God declares, that I will pour out my
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370 Spirit upon _all_ flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall
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371 prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men
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372 shall dream dreams. [NRSV] [Emphasis added by SM]
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373
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374 Made possible by the Incarnation -- a new creation
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375
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376 Leads to Charismatic aspect of early Quakerism: Embodied
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377 spirituality Signs, miracles, healing
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378
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379 [same as TPA above]: The new creation is both individual, and
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380 universal:
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381
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382 "...give all diligence to the Spirit's motion and leadings, what it
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383 moves against, and what it leads to; for now will God make all
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384 things new: a new creation, new heavens, and new earth, and new
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385 heart and mind, and a new law, a new man to walk therein with his
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386 Maker with cheerfulness" James Nayler _Milk for Babes and Meat for
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387 Strong Men_ [from prison, 1660, published 1661]
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388 http://www.qhpress.org/texts/nayler/milkmeat.html
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389
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390 *The New Covenant*
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391
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392 Jeremiah 31:33-34 [loc. cit. above at *The living word*]
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393 repeated in Hebrews 8
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394
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395 The image of God fully restored, God will teach us Godself.
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396
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397 But the truth of this in the early Church had been lost, people had
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398 turned away from the spirit and power of that experience and that
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399 direct inward intimacy, and had turned again to 2nd-hand, outward,
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400 mediated sorts of ways of relating to God.
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401
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402 "And this we witness to be that covenant and that power by which we
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403 are entered into that inheritance which is eternal and are made
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404 partakers of the divine nature; which nature is righteous, merciful
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405 and just, meek and patient, faithful and diligent to the obedience
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406 of the cross, long-suffering, full of love, moderation and
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407 temperance, and in all things thereby are transformed into his
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408 likeness,68 so far as we are entered into and abide in this
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409 covenant, so that we can truly say, here he is all, and self is
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410 nothing" James Nayler _A Salutation to the Seed of God_ 1655
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411 http://www.qhpress.org/texts/nayler/sal_seed.html
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412
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413 Christ living in us (ref. Paul in Galatians 2:20)
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414
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415 *The Apocalyptic*
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416
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417 Not about cataclysmic conflict and destruction, but primarily about
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418 God removing the veil that obscures our vision of things.
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419
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420 People begin to see themselves and the whole creation through divine
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421 eys rather than through their limited and often distorted human
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422 vision.
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423
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424 "The word is that which was in the beginning, and was the beginning
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425 of all visible things, and that by which all things were made, but
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426 itself is invisible; which though it be the upholder of all visible
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427 things, yet can no visible thing reveal it; yet doth it reveal the
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428 ground and use and end of all visibles. And as without it 'was
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429 nothing made that was made', so without it is nothing seen as it was
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430 made, nor anything can be guided nor used in its pure place; but
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431 whatever man meddles with, not having the word in him to guide,
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432 order, and sanctify, the same he defiles, and it is polluted as to
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433 him. Nor can this word be comprehended in heaven or earth; without
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434 this word can no holy Scripture be read with profit, for it opens
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435 the Scriptures, and the Scriptures declare of it, yet cannot the
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436 Scriptures nor all the writings of the world comprehend it nor
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437 declare the depth and extent of it, which is beyond all generations;
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438 yet is it the teacher and guide of his own in all generations; and
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439 in all generations of saints hath been known in measure, more or
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440 less immediately, though it has no place in the world's profession."
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441 James Nayler _Love To The Lost And a Hand held forth to the
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442 Helpless To Lead out of the Dark_ 1656b
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443 http://www.qhpress.org/texts/nayler/lovelost.html
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444
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445 ["I am not the Christ, but Christ lives in me"]
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446
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447 *The Prophetic* - the image of God has been fully restored in the human
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448
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449 Back to Jeremiah and Paul: In the new humanity, people become vessels
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450 through which God speaks and acts.
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451
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452 This is what humanity was created to be, was lost, and is now possible
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453 again.
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454
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455 "Verily the Lord God hath sent me to declare and publish, and sound
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456 forth hsi message unto all Israel, even to declare the day of free
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457 love, and everlasting consolation, how blessed a thing is it for the
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458 Brethren to dwell together in the unity of love and the Holy Spirit,
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459 in the covenant of love and peace, in the union of Saints in the
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460 Light." Dorothy White _Unto All God's Host in England_ 1660
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461 [not online?]
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462
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463 The Fall was a fragmentation, the new opportunity is to find a
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464 communal identify: a temple of living stones.
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465
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466 Rather than sitting helplessly, knowing nothing about your own
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467 salvation or lack thereof. No, heaven has come down to earth and is
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468 dwelling in us, and we are showing it forth.
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469
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470 "thus is the Living God Purifying his Temples [us?]; and he is
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471 making a Glorious Situation, a Heavenly Habitation, and an
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472 Everlasting dwelling place in the Sons and Daughters of Men; for God
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473 is now come to dwell in his people, as he hath said, I will dwell in
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474 them, and I will walk in them, and a people hath God chosen to dwell
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475 in, and this is Gods everlasting day of loving kindness," Dorothy
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476 White _A Visitation of Heavenly Love_ 1660
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477 http://www.qhpress.org/cgi-bin/esrlink.cgi?doc=E27763157&name=dorothy.white
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478 [page 6]
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479 http://dqc.esr.earlham.edu:8080/xmlmm/docButtonB?XMLMMWhat=builtPage&XMLMMWhere=E27763157.P00000010-6&XMLMMBeanName=docBean&XMLMMNextPage=/printBuiltPageBrowse.jsp
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480
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481 [paused at 28:40]