Aquinas: summa/latin/sth2001.html annotate

annotate summa/latin/sth2001.html @ 125:183bfdf5ca5c

catch up through FS_vi A108

author	ht
date	Sat, 10 Sep 2022 10:03:58 +0000
parents	71f2c033089e
children

rev	line source
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2 <!DOCTYPE html
99 71f2c033089e change dtd location for new machine ht parents: 53 diff changeset	3 PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "file:///c:/C64/usr/local/share/lib/xml/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	4 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA" lang="LA">
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	5 <head>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	6 <meta content="HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" name="generator"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	7 <meta content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" http-equiv="Content-Type"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	8 <meta content="text/css" http-equiv="Content-Style-Type"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	9 <meta content="text/javascript" http-equiv="Content-Script-Type"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	10 <meta content="Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" name="keywords"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	11 <meta content="Latin" name="language"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	12 <meta content="public" name="security"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	13 <meta content="ealarcon@unav.es" name="owner"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	14 <meta content="Enrique Alarcón" name="author"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	15 <meta content="" name="abstract"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	16 <link type="text/css" href="vscreen.css" media="screen" rel="stylesheet"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	17 <link type="text/css" href="vprint.css" media="print" rel="stylesheet"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	18 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Iª-IIae q.
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	19 1-5</title>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	20 </head>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	21 <body><a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"/><div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div><div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div><div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div><div class="dos">prima pars secundae partis a quaestione I ad
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	22 quaestionem V</div><div class="centro">
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	23 <table summary="Imago" align="center">
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	24 <tr>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	25 <th><img align="middle" alt="Thomas de Aquino a Filippino Lippi depictus (Cappella Carafa, S. Maria sopra Minerva, Roma)" border="0" height="190" width="275" src="icons/fugit190.jpg"/></th>
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	26 </tr>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	27 </table>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	28 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	29 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1891 editum<br/>
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	30 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	31 magneticas<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	32 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarcón atque instruxit<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	33 <br/></span><br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	34 <hr/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	35 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	36 <p><a href="sth2000.html"><img alt="age retro" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageretro.gif"/></a>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	37 <a href="sth2006.html"><img alt="age ultra" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageultra.gif"/></a></p>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	38 <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	39 //
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	40 <!--
26 4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	41 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	42 function go(){if(document.selecter.select1.options[document.selecter.select1.selectedIndex].value !="none"){location=document.selecter.select1.options[document.selecter.select1.selectedIndex].value}}
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	43 document.write('<FORM NAME="selecter"><SELECT NAME="select1">');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	44 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">INDEX');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	45 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">------------------------------------------------');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	46 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="index.html">Corpus Thomisticum');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	47 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="iopera.html">Opera omnia');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	48 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="zbiblia.html">Bibliographia Thomistica');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	49 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">------------------------------------------------');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	50 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33405">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	51 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33406">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	52 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33407">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	53 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33408">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	54 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33409">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	55 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33410">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	56 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33411">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	57 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33412">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	58 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33413">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	59 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33414">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	60 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33415">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	61 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33416">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	62 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33417">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	63 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33418">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	64 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33419">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	65 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33420">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	66 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33421">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	67 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33422">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	68 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33423">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	69 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33424">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	70 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33425">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	71 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33426">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	72 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33427">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	73 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33428">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	74 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33429">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	75 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33430">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	76 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33431">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	77 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33432">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	78 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33433">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	79 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33434">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	80 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33435">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	81 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33436">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	82 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33437">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	83 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33438">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	84 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33439">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	85 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33440">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	86 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33441">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	87 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33442">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	88 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33443">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	89 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33444">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	90 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33445">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	91 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33446">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	92 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33447">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	93 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33448">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	94 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33449">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	95 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33450">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	96 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33451">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	97 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33452">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	98 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33453">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	99 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33454">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	100 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33455">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	101 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33456">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	102 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33457">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	103 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33458">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	104 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33459">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	105 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33460">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	106 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33461">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	107 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33462">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	108 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33463">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	109 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33464">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 8 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	110 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33465">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	111 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33466">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	112 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33467">I&ordf;-IIae q. 1 a. 8 ad');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	113 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33468">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	114 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33469">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	115 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33470">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	116 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33471">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	117 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33472">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	118 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33473">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	119 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33474">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	120 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33475">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	121 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33476">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	122 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33477">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	123 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33478">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	124 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33479">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	125 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33480">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	126 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33481">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	127 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33482">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	128 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33483">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	129 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33484">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	130 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33485">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	131 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33486">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	132 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33487">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	133 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33488">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	134 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33489">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	135 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33490">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	136 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33491">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	137 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33492">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	138 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33493">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	139 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33494">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	140 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33495">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	141 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33496">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	142 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33497">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	143 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33498">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	144 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33499">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	145 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33500">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 4 ad 3');
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d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	147 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33502">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 5 arg. 2');
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d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	151 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33506">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	152 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33507">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	153 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33508">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 5 ad 3');
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d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	162 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33517">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	163 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33518">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	164 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33519">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	165 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33520">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	166 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33521">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	167 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33522">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	168 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33523">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	169 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33524">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	170 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33525">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	171 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33526">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	172 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33527">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	173 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33528">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	174 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33529">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	175 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33530">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	176 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33531">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	177 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33532">I&ordf;-IIae q. 2 a. 8 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	178 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33533">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	179 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33534">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	180 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33535">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	181 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33536">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	182 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33537">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	183 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33538">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	184 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33539">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	185 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33540">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	186 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33541">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	187 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33542">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	188 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33543">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	189 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33544">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	190 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33545">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	191 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33546">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	192 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33547">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 6');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	193 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33548">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	194 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33549">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	195 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33550">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	196 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33551">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	197 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33552">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	198 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33553">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	199 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33554">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	200 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33555">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	201 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33556">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	202 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33557">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	203 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33558">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	204 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33559">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	205 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33560">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	206 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33561">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	207 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33562">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	208 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33563">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	209 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33564">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	210 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33565">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	211 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33566">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	212 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33567">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	213 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33568">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	214 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33569">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	215 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33570">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	216 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33571">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	217 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33572">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	218 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33573">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	219 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33574">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	220 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33575">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	221 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33576">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	222 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33577">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	223 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33578">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	224 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33579">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	225 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33580">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	226 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33581">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	227 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33582">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	228 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33583">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	229 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33584">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	230 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33585">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	231 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33586">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	232 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33587">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	233 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33588">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	234 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33589">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	235 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33590">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	236 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33591">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	237 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33592">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	238 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33593">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	239 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33594">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	240 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33595">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	241 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33596">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	242 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33597">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	243 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33598">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	244 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33599">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	245 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33600">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	246 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33601">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	247 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33602">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	248 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33603">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 8 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	249 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33604">I&ordf;-IIae q. 3 a. 8 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	250 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33605">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	251 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33606">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	252 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33607">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	253 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33608">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	254 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33609">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	255 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33610">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	256 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33611">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	257 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33612">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	258 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33613">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	259 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33614">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	260 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33615">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	261 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33616">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	262 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33617">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	263 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33618">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	264 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33619">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	265 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33620">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	266 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33621">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	267 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33622">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	268 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33623">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	269 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33624">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	270 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33625">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	271 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33626">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	272 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33627">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	273 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33628">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	274 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33629">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	275 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33630">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	276 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33631">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	277 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33632">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	278 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33633">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	279 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33634">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	280 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33635">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	281 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33636">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	282 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33637">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	283 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33638">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	284 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33639">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	285 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33640">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	286 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33641">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	287 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33642">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	288 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33643">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 6');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	289 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33644">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	290 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33645">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	291 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33646">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	292 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33647">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	293 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33648">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	294 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33649">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	295 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33650">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	296 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33651">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 6');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	297 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33652">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	298 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33653">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	299 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33654">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	300 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33655">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	301 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33656">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	302 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33657">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	303 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33658">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	304 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33659">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	305 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33660">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	306 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33661">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	307 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33662">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	308 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33663">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	309 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33664">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	310 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33665">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	311 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33666">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	312 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33667">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	313 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33668">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	314 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33669">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	315 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33670">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	316 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33671">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	317 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33672">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	318 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33673">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	319 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33674">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	320 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33675">I&ordf;-IIae q. 4 a. 8 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	321 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33676">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	322 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33677">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	323 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33678">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	324 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33679">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	325 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33680">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	326 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33681">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	327 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33682">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	328 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33683">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	329 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33684">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	330 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33685">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	331 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33686">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	332 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33687">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	333 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33688">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	334 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33689">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	335 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33690">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	336 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33691">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	337 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33692">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	338 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33693">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	339 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33694">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	340 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33695">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	341 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33696">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	342 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33697">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	343 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33698">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	344 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33699">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	345 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33700">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	346 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33701">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	347 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33702">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	348 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33703">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	349 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33704">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	350 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33705">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	351 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33706">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	352 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33707">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	353 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33708">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	354 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33709">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	355 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33710">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	356 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33711">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	357 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33712">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	358 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33713">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	359 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33714">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	360 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33715">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	361 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33716">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	362 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33717">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	363 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33718">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	364 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33719">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	365 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33720">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	366 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33721">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	367 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33722">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	368 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33723">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	369 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33724">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	370 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33725">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	371 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33726">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	372 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33727">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	373 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33728">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	374 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33729">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	375 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33730">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	376 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33731">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	377 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33732">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	378 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33733">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	379 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33734">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	380 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33735">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	381 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33736">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	382 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33737">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	383 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33738">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	384 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33739">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	385 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#33740">I&ordf;-IIae q. 5 a. 8 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	386 document.write('<\/SELECT>');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	387 document.write('<BR><BR>');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	388 document.write('<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()">');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	389 document.write('<\/FORM>');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	390 // -->
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	391 //
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	392 </script><br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	393 <hr/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	394 <br/></div><div class="q" id="q1"><h2>Quaestio 1</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 pr."><a name="33405"><span class="ref">[33405]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	395 Iª-IIae q. 1 pr.</span></a> Ubi primo considerandum occurrit
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	396 de ultimo fine humanae vitae; et deinde de his per quae homo ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	397 hunc finem pervenire potest, vel ab eo deviare, ex fine enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	398 oportet accipere rationes eorum quae ordinantur ad finem. Et quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	399 ultimus finis humanae vitae ponitur esse beatitudo, oportet primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	400 considerare de ultimo fine in communi; deinde de beatitudine. Circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	401 primum quaeruntur octo. Primo, utrum hominis sit agere propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	402 finem. Secundo, utrum hoc sit proprium rationalis naturae. Tertio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	403 utrum actus hominis recipiant speciem a fine. Quarto, utrum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	404 aliquis ultimus finis humanae vitae. Quinto, utrum unius hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	405 possint esse plures ultimi fines. Sexto, utrum homo ordinet omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	406 in ultimum finem. Septimo, utrum idem sit finis ultimus omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	407 hominum. Octavo, utrum in illo ultimo fine omnes aliae creaturae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	408 conveniant.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="33406"><span class="ref">[33406] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	409 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homini non conveniat agere propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	410 finem. Causa enim naturaliter prior est. Sed finis habet rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	411 ultimi, ut ipsum nomen sonat. Ergo finis non habet rationem causae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	412 Sed propter illud agit homo, quod est causa actionis, cum haec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	413 praepositio propter designet habitudinem causae. Ergo homini non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	414 convenit agere propter finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="33407"><span class="ref">[33407] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	415 illud quod est ultimus finis, non est propter finem. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	416 quibusdam actiones sunt ultimus finis; ut patet per philosophum in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	417 I Ethic. Ergo non omnia homo agit propter finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="33408"><span class="ref">[33408] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	418 tunc videtur homo agere propter finem, quando deliberat. Sed multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	419 homo agit absque deliberatione, de quibus etiam quandoque nihil
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	420 cogitat; sicut cum aliquis movet pedem vel manum aliis intentus,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	421 vel fricat barbam. Non ergo homo omnia agit propter finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 s. c."><a name="33409"><span class="ref">[33409] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	422 omnia quae sunt in aliquo genere, derivantur a principio illius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	423 generis. Sed finis est principium in operabilibus ab homine; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	424 patet per philosophum in II Physic. Ergo homini convenit omnia
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	425 agere propter finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 co."><a name="33410"><span class="ref">[33410] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	426 dicendum quod actionum quae ab homine aguntur, illae solae proprie
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	427 dicuntur humanae, quae sunt propriae hominis inquantum est homo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	428 Differt autem homo ab aliis irrationalibus creaturis in hoc, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	429 est suorum actuum dominus. Unde illae solae actiones vocantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	430 proprie humanae, quarum homo est dominus. Est autem homo dominus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	431 suorum actuum per rationem et voluntatem, unde et liberum arbitrium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	432 esse dicitur facultas voluntatis et rationis. Illae ergo actiones
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	433 proprie humanae dicuntur, quae ex voluntate deliberata procedunt.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	434 Si quae autem aliae actiones homini conveniant, possunt dici quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	435 hominis actiones; sed non proprie humanae, cum non sint hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	436 inquantum est homo. Manifestum est autem quod omnes actiones quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	437 procedunt ab aliqua potentia, causantur ab ea secundum rationem sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	438 obiecti. Obiectum autem voluntatis est finis et bonum. Unde oportet
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	439 quod omnes actiones humanae propter finem sint.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="33411"><span class="ref">[33411] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	440 dicendum quod finis, etsi sit postremus in executione, est tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	441 primus in intentione agentis. Et hoc modo habet rationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	442 causae.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="33412"><span class="ref">[33412] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	443 dicendum quod, si qua actio humana sit ultimus finis, oportet eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	444 esse voluntariam, alias non esset humana, ut dictum est. Actio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	445 autem aliqua dupliciter dicitur voluntaria, uno modo, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	446 imperatur a voluntate, sicut ambulare vel loqui; alio modo, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	447 elicitur a voluntate, sicut ipsum velle. Impossibile autem est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	448 ipse actus a voluntate elicitus sit ultimus finis. Nam obiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	449 voluntatis est finis, sicut obiectum visus est color, unde sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	450 impossibile est quod primum visibile sit ipsum videre, quia omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	451 videre est alicuius obiecti visibilis; ita impossibile est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	452 primum appetibile, quod est finis, sit ipsum velle. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	453 relinquitur quod, si qua actio humana sit ultimus finis, quod ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	454 sit imperata a voluntate. Et ita ibi aliqua actio hominis, ad minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	455 ipsum velle, est propter finem. Quidquid ergo homo faciat, verum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	456 est dicere quod homo agit propter finem, etiam agendo actionem quae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	457 est ultimus finis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="33413"><span class="ref">[33413] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	458 dicendum quod huiusmodi actiones non sunt proprie humanae, quia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	459 procedunt ex deliberatione rationis, quae est proprium principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	460 humanorum actuum. Et ideo habent quidem finem imaginatum, non autem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	461 per rationem praestitutum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="33414"><span class="ref">[33414] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	462 sic proceditur. Videtur quod agere propter finem sit proprium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	463 rationalis naturae. Homo enim, cuius est agere propter finem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	464 nunquam agit propter finem ignotum. Sed multa sunt quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	465 cognoscunt finem, vel quia omnino carent cognitione, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	466 creaturae insensibiles; vel quia non apprehendunt rationem finis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	467 sicut bruta animalia. Videtur ergo proprium esse rationalis naturae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	468 agere propter finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="33415"><span class="ref">[33415] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	469 agere propter finem est ordinare suam actionem ad finem. Sed hoc
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	470 est rationis opus. Ergo non convenit his quae ratione carent.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="33416"><span class="ref">[33416] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	471 bonum et finis est obiectum voluntatis. Sed voluntas in ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	472 est, ut dicitur in III de anima. Ergo agere propter finem non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	473 nisi rationalis naturae.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 s. c."><a name="33417"><span class="ref">[33417] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	474 est quod philosophus probat in II Physic., quod <i>non solum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	475 intellectus, sed etiam natura agit propter finem</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 co."><a name="33418"><span class="ref">[33418] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	476 dicendum quod omnia agentia necesse est agere propter finem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	477 Causarum enim ad invicem ordinatarum, si prima subtrahatur, necesse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	478 est alias subtrahi. Prima autem inter omnes causas est causa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	479 finalis. Cuius ratio est, quia materia non consequitur formam nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	480 secundum quod movetur ab agente, nihil enim reducit se de potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	481 in actum. Agens autem non movet nisi ex intentione finis. Si enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	482 agens non esset determinatum ad aliquem effectum, non magis ageret
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	483 hoc quam illud, ad hoc ergo quod determinatum effectum producat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	484 necesse est quod determinetur ad aliquid certum, quod habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	485 rationem finis. Haec autem determinatio, sicut in rationali natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	486 fit per rationalem appetitum, qui dicitur voluntas; ita in aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	487 fit per inclinationem naturalem, quae dicitur appetitus naturalis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	488 Tamen considerandum est quod aliquid sua actione vel motu tendit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	489 finem dupliciter, uno modo, sicut seipsum ad finem movens, ut homo;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	490 alio modo, sicut ab alio motum ad finem, sicut sagitta tendit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	491 determinatum finem ex hoc quod movetur a sagittante, qui suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	492 actionem dirigit in finem. Illa ergo quae rationem habent, seipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	493 movent ad finem, quia habent dominium suorum actuum per liberum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	494 arbitrium, quod est facultas voluntatis et rationis. Illa vero quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	495 ratione carent, tendunt in finem per naturalem inclinationem, quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	496 ab alio mota, non autem a seipsis, cum non cognoscant rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	497 finis, et ideo nihil in finem ordinare possunt, sed solum in finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	498 ab alio ordinantur. Nam tota irrationalis natura comparatur ad Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	499 sicut instrumentum ad agens principale, ut supra habitum est. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	500 ideo proprium est naturae rationalis ut tendat in finem quasi se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	501 agens vel ducens ad finem, naturae vero irrationalis, quasi ab alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	502 acta vel ducta, sive in finem apprehensum, sicut bruta animalia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	503 sive in finem non apprehensum, sicut ea quae omnino cognitione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	504 carent.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="33419"><span class="ref">[33419] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	505 dicendum quod homo, quando per seipsum agit propter finem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	506 cognoscit finem, sed quando ab alio agitur vel ducitur, puta cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	507 agit ad imperium alterius, vel cum movetur altero impellente, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	508 est necessarium quod cognoscat finem. Et ita est in creaturis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	509 irrationalibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="33420"><span class="ref">[33420] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	510 dicendum quod ordinare in finem est eius quod seipsum agit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	511 finem. Eius vero quod ab alio in finem agitur, est ordinari in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	512 finem. Quod potest esse irrationalis naturae, sed ab aliquo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	513 rationem habente.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="33421"><span class="ref">[33421] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	514 dicendum quod obiectum voluntatis est finis et bonum in universali.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	515 Unde non potest esse voluntas in his quae carent ratione et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	516 intellectu, cum non possint apprehendere universale, sed est in eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	517 appetitus naturalis vel sensitivus, determinatus ad aliquod bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	518 particulare. Manifestum autem est quod particulares causae moventur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	519 a causa universali, sicut rector civitatis, qui intendit bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	520 commune, movet suo imperio omnia particularia officia civitatis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	521 ideo necesse est quod omnia quae carent ratione, moveantur in fines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	522 particulares ab aliqua voluntate rationali, quae se extendit in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	523 bonum universale, scilicet a voluntate divina.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="33422"><span class="ref">[33422] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	524 sic proceditur. Videtur quod actus humani non recipiant speciem a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	525 fine. Finis enim est causa extrinseca. Sed unumquodque habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	526 speciem ab aliquo principio intrinseco. Ergo actus humani non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	527 recipiunt speciem a fine.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="33423"><span class="ref">[33423] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	528 illud quod dat speciem, oportet esse prius. Sed finis est posterior
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	529 in esse. Ergo actus humanus non habet speciem a fine.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="33424"><span class="ref">[33424] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	530 idem non potest esse nisi in una specie. Sed eundem numero actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	531 contingit ordinari ad diversos fines. Ergo finis non dat speciem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	532 actibus humanis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 s. c."><a name="33425"><span class="ref">[33425] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	533 est quod dicit Augustinus, in libro de moribus Ecclesiae et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	534 Manichaeorum, <i>secundum quod finis est culpabilis vel laudabilis,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	535 secundum hoc sunt opera nostra culpabilia vel laudabilia</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 co."><a name="33426"><span class="ref">[33426] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	536 dicendum quod unumquodque sortitur speciem secundum actum, et non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	537 secundum potentiam, unde ea quae sunt composita ex materia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	538 forma, constituuntur in suis speciebus per proprias formas. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	539 etiam considerandum est in motibus propriis. Cum enim motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	540 quodammodo distinguatur per actionem et passionem, utrumque horum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	541 ab actu speciem sortitur, actio quidem ab actu qui est principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	542 agendi; passio vero ab actu qui est terminus motus. Unde calefactio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	543 actio nihil aliud est quam motio quaedam a calore procedens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	544 calefactio vero passio nihil aliud est quam motus ad calorem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	545 definitio autem manifestat rationem speciei. Et utroque modo actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	546 humani, sive considerentur per modum actionum, sive per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	547 passionum, a fine speciem sortiuntur. Utroque enim modo possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	548 considerari actus humani, eo quod homo movet seipsum, et movetur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	549 seipso. Dictum est autem supra quod actus dicuntur humani,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	550 inquantum procedunt a voluntate deliberata. Obiectum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	551 voluntatis est bonum et finis. Et ideo manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	552 principium humanorum actuum, inquantum sunt humani, est finis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	553 similiter est terminus eorundem, nam id ad quod terminatur actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	554 humanus, est id quod voluntas intendit tanquam finem; sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	555 agentibus naturalibus forma generati est conformis formae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	556 generantis. Et quia, ut Ambrosius dicit, super Lucam, <i>mores
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	557 proprie dicuntur humani</i>, actus morales proprie speciem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	558 sortiuntur ex fine, nam idem sunt actus morales et actus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	559 humani.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="33427"><span class="ref">[33427] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	560 dicendum quod finis non est omnino aliquid extrinsecum ab actu,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	561 quia comparatur ad actum ut principium vel terminus; et hoc ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	562 est de ratione actus, ut scilicet sit ab aliquo, quantum ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	563 actionem, et ut sit ad aliquid, quantum ad passionem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="33428"><span class="ref">[33428] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	564 dicendum quod finis secundum quod est prior in intentione, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	565 dictum est, secundum hoc pertinet ad voluntatem. Et hoc modo dat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	566 speciem actui humano sive morali.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="33429"><span class="ref">[33429] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	567 dicendum quod idem actus numero, secundum quod semel egreditur ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	568 agente, non ordinatur nisi ad unum finem proximum, a quo habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	569 speciem, sed potest ordinari ad plures fines remotos, quorum unus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	570 est finis alterius. Possibile tamen est quod unus actus secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	571 speciem naturae, ordinetur ad diversos fines voluntatis, sicut hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	572 ipsum quod est occidere hominem, quod est idem secundum speciem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	573 naturae, potest ordinari sicut in finem ad conservationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	574 iustitiae, et ad satisfaciendum irae. Et ex hoc erunt diversi actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	575 secundum speciem moris, quia uno modo erit actus virtutis, alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	576 modo erit actus vitii. Non enim motus recipit speciem ab eo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	577 est terminus per accidens, sed solum ab eo quod est terminus per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	578 se. Fines autem morales accidunt rei naturali; et e converso ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	579 naturalis finis accidit morali. Et ideo nihil prohibet actus qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	580 sunt iidem secundum speciem naturae, esse diversos secundum speciem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	581 moris, et e converso.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="33430"><span class="ref">[33430] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	582 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non sit aliquis ultimus finis humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	583 vitae, sed procedatur in finibus in infinitum. Bonum enim, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	584 suam rationem, est diffusivum sui; ut patet per Dionysium, IV cap.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	585 de Div. Nom. Si ergo quod procedit ex bono, ipsum etiam est bonum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	586 oportet quod illud bonum diffundat aliud bonum, et sic processus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	587 boni est in infinitum. Sed bonum habet rationem finis. Ergo in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	588 finibus est processus in infinitum.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="33431"><span class="ref">[33431] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	589 ea quae sunt rationis, in infinitum multiplicari possunt, unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	590 mathematicae quantitates in infinitum augentur. Species etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	591 numerorum propter hoc sunt infinitae, quia, dato quolibet numero,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	592 ratio alium maiorem excogitare potest. Sed desiderium finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	593 sequitur apprehensionem rationis. Ergo videtur quod etiam in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	594 finibus procedatur in infinitum.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="33432"><span class="ref">[33432] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	595 bonum et finis est obiectum voluntatis. Sed voluntas infinities
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	596 potest reflecti supra seipsam, possum enim velle aliquid, et velle
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	597 me velle illud, et sic in infinitum. Ergo in finibus humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	598 voluntatis proceditur in infinitum, et non est aliquis ultimus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	599 finis humanae voluntatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 s. c."><a name="33433"><span class="ref">[33433] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	600 est quod philosophus dicit, II Metaphys., quod <i>qui infinitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	601 faciunt, auferunt naturam boni</i>. Sed bonum est quod habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	602 rationem finis. Ergo contra rationem finis est quod procedatur in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	603 infinitum. Necesse est ergo ponere unum ultimum finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 co."><a name="33434"><span class="ref">[33434] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	604 dicendum quod, per se loquendo, impossibile est in finibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	605 procedere in infinitum, ex quacumque parte. In omnibus enim quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	606 per se habent ordinem ad invicem, oportet quod, remoto primo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	607 removeantur ea quae sunt ad primum. Unde philosophus probat, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	608 VIII Physic., quod non est possibile in causis moventibus procedere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	609 in infinitum, quia iam non esset primum movens, quo subtracto alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	610 movere non possunt, cum non moveant nisi per hoc quod moventur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	611 primo movente. In finibus autem invenitur duplex ordo, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	612 ordo intentionis, et ordo executionis, et in utroque ordine oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	613 esse aliquid primum. Id enim quod est primum in ordine intentionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	614 est quasi principium movens appetitum, unde, subtracto principio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	615 appetitus a nullo moveretur. Id autem quod est principium in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	616 executione, est unde incipit operatio, unde, isto principio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	617 subtracto, nullus inciperet aliquid operari. Principium autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	618 intentionis est ultimus finis, principium autem executionis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	619 primum eorum quae sunt ad finem. Sic ergo ex neutra parte possibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	620 est in infinitum procedere, quia si non esset ultimus finis, nihil
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	621 appeteretur, nec aliqua actio terminaretur, nec etiam quiesceret
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	622 intentio agentis; si autem non esset primum in his quae sunt ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	623 finem, nullus inciperet aliquid operari, nec terminaretur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	624 consilium, sed in infinitum procederet. Ea vero quae non habent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	625 ordinem per se, sed per accidens sibi invicem coniunguntur, nihil
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	626 prohibet infinitatem habere, causae enim per accidens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	627 indeterminatae sunt. Et hoc etiam modo contingit esse infinitatem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	628 per accidens in finibus, et in his quae sunt ad finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="33435"><span class="ref">[33435] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	629 dicendum quod de ratione boni est quod aliquid ab ipso effluat, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	630 tamen quod ipsum ab alio procedat. Et ideo, cum bonum habeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	631 rationem finis, et primum bonum sit ultimus finis, ratio ista non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	632 probat quod non sit ultimus finis; sed quod a fine primo supposito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	633 procedatur in infinitum inferius versus ea quae sunt ad finem. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	634 hoc quidem competeret, si consideraretur sola virtus primi boni,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	635 quae est infinita. Sed quia primum bonum habet diffusionem secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	636 intellectum, cuius est secundum aliquam certam formam profluere in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	637 causata; aliquis certus modus adhibetur bonorum effluxui a primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	638 bono, a quo omnia alia bona participant virtutem diffusivam. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	639 ideo diffusio bonorum non procedit in infinitum, sed, sicut dicitur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	640 Sap. XI, Deus omnia disposuit in numero, pondere et mensura.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="33436"><span class="ref">[33436] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	641 dicendum quod in his quae sunt per se, ratio incipit a principiis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	642 naturaliter notis, et ad aliquem terminum progreditur. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	643 philosophus probat, in I Poster., quod in demonstrationibus non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	644 processus in infinitum, quia in demonstrationibus attenditur ordo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	645 aliquorum per se ad invicem connexorum, et non per accidens. In his
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	646 autem quae per accidens connectuntur, nihil prohibet rationem in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	647 infinitum procedere. Accidit autem quantitati aut numero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	648 praeexistenti, inquantum huiusmodi, quod ei addatur quantitas aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	649 unitas. Unde in huiusmodi nihil prohibet rationem procedere in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	650 infinitum.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="33437"><span class="ref">[33437] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	651 dicendum quod illa multiplicatio actuum voluntatis reflexae supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	652 seipsam, per accidens se habet ad ordinem finium. Quod patet ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	653 hoc, quod circa unum et eundem finem indifferenter semel vel
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	654 pluries supra seipsam voluntas reflectitur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="33438"><span class="ref">[33438] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	655 sic proceditur. Videtur quod possibile sit voluntatem unius hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	656 in plura ferri simul, sicut in ultimos fines. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	657 Augustinus, XIX de Civ. Dei, quod quidam ultimum hominis finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	658 posuerunt in quatuor, scilicet <i>in voluptate, in quiete, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	659 primis naturae, et in virtute</i>. Haec autem manifeste sunt plura.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	660 Ergo unus homo potest constituere ultimum finem suae voluntatis in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	661 multis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="33439"><span class="ref">[33439] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	662 ea quae non opponuntur ad invicem, se invicem non excludunt. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	663 multa inveniuntur in rebus quae sibi invicem non opponuntur. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	664 si unum ponatur ultimus finis voluntatis, non propter hoc alia
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	665 excluduntur.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="33440"><span class="ref">[33440] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	666 voluntas per hoc quod constituit ultimum finem in aliquo, suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	667 liberam potentiam non amittit. Sed antequam constitueret ultimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	668 finem suum in illo, puta in voluptate, poterat constituere finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	669 suum ultimum in alio, puta in divitiis. Ergo etiam postquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	670 constituit aliquis ultimum finem suae voluntatis in voluptate,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	671 potest simul constituere ultimum finem in divitiis. Ergo possibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	672 est voluntatem unius hominis simul ferri in diversa, sicut in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	673 ultimos fines.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 s. c."><a name="33441"><span class="ref">[33441] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	674 illud in quo quiescit aliquis sicut in ultimo fine, hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	675 affectui dominatur, quia ex eo totius vitae suae regulas accipit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	676 Unde de gulosis dicitur Philipp. III, <i>quorum Deus venter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	677 est</i>, quia scilicet constituunt ultimum finem in deliciis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	678 ventris. Sed sicut dicitur Matth. VI, <i>nemo potest duobus dominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	679 servire</i>, ad invicem scilicet non ordinatis. Ergo impossibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	680 est esse plures ultimos fines unius hominis ad invicem non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	681 ordinatos.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 co."><a name="33442"><span class="ref">[33442] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	682 dicendum quod impossibile est quod voluntas unius hominis simul se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	683 habeat ad diversa, sicut ad ultimos fines. Cuius ratio potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	684 triplex assignari. Prima est quia, cum unumquodque appetat suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	685 perfectionem, illud appetit aliquis ut ultimum finem, quod appetit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	686 ut bonum perfectum et completivum sui ipsius. Unde Augustinus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	687 dicit, XIX de Civ. Dei, <i>finem boni nunc dicimus, non quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	688 consumatur ut non sit, sed quod perficiatur ut plenum sit</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	689 Oportet igitur quod ultimus finis ita impleat totum hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	690 appetitum, quod nihil extra ipsum appetendum relinquatur. Quod esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	691 non potest, si aliquid extraneum ad ipsius perfectionem requiratur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	692 Unde non potest esse quod in duo sic tendat appetitus, ac si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	693 utrumque sit bonum perfectum ipsius. Secunda ratio est quia, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	694 in processu rationis principium est id quod naturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	695 cognoscitur, ita in processu rationalis appetitus, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	696 voluntas, oportet esse principium id quod naturaliter desideratur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	697 Hoc autem oportet esse unum, quia natura non tendit nisi ad unum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	698 Principium autem in processu rationalis appetitus est ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	699 finis. Unde oportet id in quod tendit voluntas sub ratione ultimi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	700 finis, esse unum. Tertia ratio est quia, cum actiones voluntarie ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	701 fine speciem sortiantur, sicut supra habitum est, oportet quod a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	702 fine ultimo, qui est communis, sortiantur rationem generis, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	703 et naturalia ponuntur in genere secundum formalem rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	704 communem. Cum igitur omnia appetibilia voluntatis, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	705 huiusmodi, sint unius generis, oportet ultimum finem esse unum. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	706 praecipue quia in quolibet genere est unum primum principium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	707 ultimus autem finis habet rationem primi principii, ut dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	708 Sicut autem se habet ultimus finis hominis simpliciter ad totum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	709 humanum genus, ita se habet ultimus finis huius hominis ad hunc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	710 hominem. Unde oportet quod, sicut omnium hominum est naturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	711 unus finis ultimus, ita huius hominis voluntas in uno ultimo fine
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	712 statuatur.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="33443"><span class="ref">[33443] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	713 dicendum quod omnia illa plura accipiebantur in ratione unius boni
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	714 perfecti ex his constituti, ab his qui in eis ultimum finem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	715 ponebant.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="33444"><span class="ref">[33444] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	716 dicendum quod, etsi plura accipi possint quae ad invicem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	717 oppositionem non habeant, tamen bono perfecto opponitur quod sit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	718 aliquid de perfectione rei extra ipsum.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="33445"><span class="ref">[33445] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	719 dicendum quod potestas voluntatis non habet ut faciat opposita esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	720 simul. Quod contingeret, si tenderet in plura disparata sicut in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	721 ultimos fines, ut ex dictis patet.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="33446"><span class="ref">[33446] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	722 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non omnia quaecumque homo vult,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	723 propter ultimum finem velit. Ea enim quae ad finem ultimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	724 ordinantur, seriosa dicuntur, quasi utilia. Sed iocosa a seriis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	725 distinguuntur. Ergo ea quae homo iocose agit, non ordinat in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	726 ultimum finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="33447"><span class="ref">[33447] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	727 philosophus dicit, in principio Metaphys., quod scientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	728 speculativae propter seipsas quaeruntur. Nec tamen potest dici quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	729 quaelibet earum sit ultimus finis. Ergo non omnia quae homo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	730 appetit, appetit propter ultimum finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="33448"><span class="ref">[33448] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	731 quicumque ordinat aliquid in finem aliquem, cogitat de illo fine.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	732 Sed non semper homo cogitat de ultimo fine in omni eo quod appetit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	733 aut facit. Non ergo omnia homo appetit aut facit propter ultimum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	734 finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 s. c."><a name="33449"><span class="ref">[33449] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	735 est quod dicit Augustinus, XIX de Civ. Dei, <i>illud est finis boni
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	736 nostri, propter quod amantur cetera, illud autem propter
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	737 seipsum</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 co."><a name="33450"><span class="ref">[33450] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	738 dicendum quod necesse est quod omnia quae homo appetit, appetat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	739 propter ultimum finem. Et hoc apparet duplici ratione. Primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	740 quidem, quia quidquid homo appetit, appetit sub ratione boni. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	741 quidem si non appetitur ut bonum perfectum, quod est ultimus finis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	742 necesse est ut appetatur ut tendens in bonum perfectum, quia semper
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	743 inchoatio alicuius ordinatur ad consummationem ipsius; sicut patet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	744 tam in his quae fiunt a natura, quam in his quae fiunt ab arte. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	745 ideo omnis inchoatio perfectionis ordinatur in perfectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	746 consummatam, quae est per ultimum finem. Secundo, quia ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	747 finis hoc modo se habet in movendo appetitum, sicut se habet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	748 aliis motionibus primum movens. Manifestum est autem quod causae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	749 secundae moventes non movent nisi secundum quod moventur a primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	750 movente. Unde secunda appetibilia non movent appetitum nisi in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	751 ordine ad primum appetibile, quod est ultimus finis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="33451"><span class="ref">[33451] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	752 dicendum quod actiones ludicrae non ordinantur ad aliquem finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	753 extrinsecum; sed tamen ordinantur ad bonum ipsius ludentis, prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	754 sunt delectantes vel requiem praestantes. Bonum autem consummatum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	755 hominis est ultimus finis eius.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="33452"><span class="ref">[33452] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Et similiter
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	756 dicendum ad secundum, de scientia speculativa; quae appetitur ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	757 bonum quoddam speculantis, quod comprehenditur sub bono completo et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	758 perfecto, quod est ultimus finis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="33453"><span class="ref">[33453] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	759 dicendum quod non oportet ut semper aliquis cogitet de ultimo fine,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	760 quandocumque aliquid appetit vel operatur, sed virtus primae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	761 intentionis, quae est respectu ultimi finis, manet in quolibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	762 appetitu cuiuscumque rei, etiam si de ultimo fine actu non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	763 cogitetur. Sicut non oportet quod qui vadit per viam, in quolibet
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	764 passu cogitet de fine.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="33454"><span class="ref">[33454] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	765 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non omnium hominum sit unus finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	766 ultimus. Maxime enim videtur hominis ultimus finis esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	767 incommutabile bonum. Sed quidam avertuntur ab incommutabili bono,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	768 peccando. Non ergo omnium hominum est unus ultimus finis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="33455"><span class="ref">[33455] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	769 secundum ultimum finem tota vita hominis regulatur. Si igitur esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	770 unus ultimus finis omnium hominum, sequeretur quod in hominibus non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	771 essent diversa studia vivendi. Quod patet esse falsum.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="33456"><span class="ref">[33456] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	772 finis est actionis terminus. Actiones autem sunt singularium.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	773 Homines autem, etsi conveniant in natura speciei, tamen differunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	774 secundum ea quae ad individua pertinent. Non ergo omnium hominum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	775 est unus ultimus finis.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 s. c."><a name="33457"><span class="ref">[33457] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	776 est quod Augustinus dicit, XIII de Trin., quod omnes homines
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	777 conveniunt in appetendo ultimum finem, qui est beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 co."><a name="33458"><span class="ref">[33458] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	778 dicendum quod de ultimo fine possumus loqui dupliciter, uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	779 secundum rationem ultimi finis; alio modo, secundum id in quo finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	780 ultimi ratio invenitur. Quantum igitur ad rationem ultimi finis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	781 omnes conveniunt in appetitu finis ultimi, quia omnes appetunt suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	782 perfectionem adimpleri, quae est ratio ultimi finis, ut dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	783 Sed quantum ad id in quo ista ratio invenitur, non omnes homines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	784 conveniunt in ultimo fine, nam quidam appetunt divitias tanquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	785 consummatum bonum, quidam autem voluptatem, quidam vero quodcumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	786 aliud. Sicut et omni gustui delectabile est dulce, sed quibusdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	787 maxime delectabilis est dulcedo vini, quibusdam dulcedo mellis, aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	788 alicuius talium. Illud tamen dulce oportet esse simpliciter melius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	789 delectabile, in quo maxime delectatur qui habet optimum gustum. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	790 similiter illud bonum oportet esse completissimum, quod tanquam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	791 ultimum finem appetit habens affectum bene dispositum.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="33459"><span class="ref">[33459] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	792 dicendum quod illi qui peccant, avertuntur ab eo in quo vere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	793 invenitur ratio ultimi finis, non autem ab ipsa ultimi finis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	794 intentione, quam quaerunt falso in aliis rebus.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="33460"><span class="ref">[33460] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	795 dicendum quod diversa studia vivendi contingunt in hominibus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	796 propter diversas res in quibus quaeritur ratio summi boni.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="33461"><span class="ref">[33461] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	797 dicendum quod, etsi actiones sint singularium, tamen primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	798 principium agendi in eis est natura, quae tendit ad unum, ut dictum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	799 est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="33462"><span class="ref">[33462] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	800 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in ultimo fine hominis etiam omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	801 alia conveniant. Finis enim respondet principio. Sed illud quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	802 principium hominum, scilicet Deus, est etiam principium omnium
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	803 aliorum. Ergo in ultimo fine hominis omnia alia communicant.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="33463"><span class="ref">[33463] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	804 Dionysius dicit, in libro de Div. Nom., quod <i>Deus convertit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	805 omnia ad seipsum, tanquam ad ultimum finem</i>. Sed ipse est etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	806 ultimus finis hominis, quia solo ipso fruendum est, ut Augustinus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	807 dicit. Ergo in fine ultimo hominis etiam alia conveniunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="33464"><span class="ref">[33464] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	808 finis ultimus hominis est obiectum voluntatis. Sed obiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	809 voluntatis est bonum universale, quod est finis omnium. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	810 necesse est quod in ultimo fine hominis omnia conveniant.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 8 s. c."><a name="33465"><span class="ref">[33465] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	811 est quod ultimus finis hominum est beatitudo; quam omnes appetunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	812 ut Augustinus dicit. <i>Sed non cadit in animalia rationis expertia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	813 ut beata sint</i>, sicut Augustinus dicit in libro octoginta trium
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	814 quaest. Non ergo in ultimo fine hominis alia conveniunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 8 co."><a name="33466"><span class="ref">[33466] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	815 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit in II Physic. et in V
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	816 Metaphys., finis dupliciter dicitur, scilicet cuius, et quo, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	817 ipsa res in qua ratio boni invenitur, et usus sive adeptio illius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	818 rei. Sicut si dicamus quod motus corporis gravis finis est vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	819 locus inferior ut res, vel hoc quod est esse in loco inferiori, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	820 usus, et finis avari est vel pecunia ut res, vel possessio pecuniae
99 71f2c033089e change dtd location for new machine ht parents: 53 diff changeset	821 ut usus.</p><p>Si ergo loquamur de ultimo fine hominis quantum ad ipsam
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	822 rem quae est finis, sic in ultimo fine hominis omnia alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	823 conveniunt, quia Deus est ultimus finis hominis et omnium aliarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	824 rerum. Si autem loquamur de ultimo fine hominis quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	825 consecutionem finis, sic in hoc fine hominis non communicant
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	826 creaturae irrationales. Nam homo et aliae rationales creaturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	827 consequuntur ultimum finem cognoscendo et amando Deum, quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	828 competit aliis creaturis, quae adipiscuntur ultimum finem inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	829 participant aliquam similitudinem Dei, secundum quod sunt, vel
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	830 vivunt, vel etiam cognoscunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 1 a. 8 ad arg."><a name="33467"><span class="ref">[33467] Iª-IIae q. 1 a. 8 ad arg.</span></a> Et per hoc
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	831 patet responsio ad obiecta.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q2"><h2>Quaestio 2</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 pr."><a name="33468"><span class="ref">[33468]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	832 Iª-IIae q. 2 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	833 beatitudine, nam beatitudo nominat adeptionem ultimi finis. Primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	834 quidem, in quibus sit; secundo, quid sit; tertio, qualiter eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	835 consequi possimus. Circa primum quaeruntur octo. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	836 beatitudo consistat in divitiis. Secundo, utrum in honoribus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	837 Tertio, utrum in fama, sive in gloria. Quarto, utrum in potestate.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	838 Quinto, utrum in aliquo corporis bono. Sexto, utrum in voluptate.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	839 Septimo, utrum in aliquo bono animae. Octavo, utrum in aliquo bono
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	840 creato.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="33469"><span class="ref">[33469] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	841 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis in divitiis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	842 consistat. Cum enim beatitudo sit ultimus finis hominis, in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	843 consistit quod maxime in hominis affectu dominatur. Huiusmodi autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	844 sunt divitiae, dicitur enim Eccle. X, <i>pecuniae obediunt
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	845 omnia</i>. Ergo in divitiis beatitudo hominis consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="33470"><span class="ref">[33470] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	846 secundum Boetium, in III de Consol., <i>beatitudo est status omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	847 bonorum aggregatione perfectus</i>. Sed in pecuniis omnia possideri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	848 videntur, quia, ut philosophus dicit in V Ethic., ad hoc nummus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	849 inventus, ut sit quasi fideiussor habendi pro eo quodcumque homo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	850 voluerit. Ergo in divitiis beatitudo consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="33471"><span class="ref">[33471] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	851 desiderium summi boni, cum nunquam deficiat, videtur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	852 infinitum. Sed hoc maxime in divitiis invenitur, quia <i>avarus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	853 implebitur pecunia</i>, ut dicitur Eccle. V. Ergo in divitiis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	854 beatitudo consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 s. c."><a name="33472"><span class="ref">[33472] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	855 bonum hominis in retinendo beatitudinem magis consistit quam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	856 emittendo ipsam. Sed sicut Boetius in II de Consol. dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	857 <i>divitiae effundendo, magis quam coacervando, melius nitent,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	858 siquidem avaritia semper odiosos, claros largitas facit</i>. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	859 in divitiis beatitudo non consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 co."><a name="33473"><span class="ref">[33473] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	860 dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem hominis in divitiis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	861 consistere. Sunt enim duplices divitiae, ut philosophus dicit in I
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	862 Polit., scilicet naturales, et artificiales. Naturales quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	863 divitiae sunt, quibus homini subvenitur ad defectus naturales
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	864 tollendos, sicut cibus, potus, vestimenta, vehicula et habitacula,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	865 et alia huiusmodi. Divitiae autem artificiales sunt, quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	866 secundum se natura non iuvatur, ut denarii; sed ars humana eos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	867 adinvenit propter facilitatem commutationis, ut sint quasi mensura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	868 quaedam rerum venalium. Manifestum est autem quod in divitiis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	869 naturalibus beatitudo hominis esse non potest. Quaeruntur enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	870 huiusmodi divitiae propter aliud, scilicet ad sustentandam naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	871 hominis, et ideo non possunt esse ultimus finis hominis, sed magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	872 ordinantur ad hominem sicut ad finem. Unde in ordine naturae omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	873 huiusmodi sunt infra hominem, et propter hominem facta; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	874 illud Psalmi VIII, <i>omnia subiecisti sub pedibus eius</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	875 Divitiae autem artificiales non quaeruntur nisi propter naturales,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	876 non enim quaererentur, nisi quia per eas emuntur res ad usum vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	877 necessariae. Unde multo minus habent rationem ultimi finis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	878 Impossibile est igitur beatitudinem, quae est ultimus finis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	879 hominis, in divitiis esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="33474"><span class="ref">[33474] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	880 dicendum quod omnia corporalia obediunt pecuniae, quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	881 multitudinem stultorum, qui sola corporalia bona cognoscunt, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	882 pecunia acquiri possunt. Iudicium autem de bonis humanis non debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	883 sumi a stultis, sed a sapientibus, sicut et iudicium de saporibus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	884 ab his qui habent gustum bene dispositum.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="33475"><span class="ref">[33475] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	885 dicendum quod pecunia possunt haberi omnia venalia, non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	886 spiritualia, quae vendi non possunt. Unde dicitur Proverb. XVII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	887 <i>quid prodest stulto divitias habere, cum sapientiam emere non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	888 possit?</i></p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="33476"><span class="ref">[33476] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	889 dicendum quod appetitus naturalium divitiarum non est infinitus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	890 quia secundum certam mensuram naturae sufficiunt. Sed appetitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	891 divitiarum artificialium est infinitus, quia deservit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	892 concupiscentiae inordinatae, quae non modificatur, ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	893 philosophum in I Polit. Aliter tamen est infinitum desiderium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	894 divitiarum, et desiderium summi boni. Nam summum bonum quanto
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	895 perfectius possidetur, tanto ipsummet magis amatur, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	896 contemnuntur, quia quanto magis habetur, magis cognoscitur. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	897 dicitur Eccli. XXIV, <i>qui edunt me, adhuc esurient</i>. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	898 appetitu divitiarum, et quorumcumque temporalium bonorum, est e
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	899 converso, nam quando iam habentur, ipsa contemnuntur, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	900 appetuntur; secundum quod significatur Ioan. IV, cum dominus dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	901 qui bibit <i>ex hac aqua</i>, per quam temporalia significantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	902 <i>sitiet iterum</i>. Et hoc ideo, quia eorum insufficientia magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	903 cognoscitur cum habentur. Et ideo hoc ipsum ostendit eorum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	904 imperfectionem, et quod in eis summum bonum non consistit.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="33477"><span class="ref">[33477] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	905 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis in honoribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	906 consistat. Beatitudo enim, sive felicitas, est praemium virtutis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	907 ut philosophus dicit in I Ethic. Sed honor maxime videtur esse id
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	908 quod est virtutis praemium, ut philosophus dicit in IV Ethic. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	909 in honore maxime consistit beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="33478"><span class="ref">[33478] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	910 illud quod convenit Deo et excellentissimis, maxime videtur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	911 beatitudo, quae est bonum perfectum. Sed huiusmodi est honor, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	912 philosophus dicit in IV Ethic. Et etiam I Tim. I, dicit apostolus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	913 <i>soli Deo honor et gloria</i>. Ergo in honore consistit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	914 beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="33479"><span class="ref">[33479] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	915 illud quod est maxime desideratum ab hominibus, est beatitudo. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	916 nihil videtur esse magis desiderabile ab hominibus quam honor, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	917 homines patiuntur iacturam in omnibus aliis rebus ne patiantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	918 aliquod detrimentum sui honoris. Ergo in honore beatitudo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	919 consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 s. c."><a name="33480"><span class="ref">[33480] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	920 beatitudo est in beato. Honor autem non est in eo qui honoratur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	921 sed magis in honorante, qui reverentiam exhibet honorato, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	922 philosophus dicit in I Ethic. Ergo in honore beatitudo non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	923 consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 co."><a name="33481"><span class="ref">[33481] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	924 dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem consistere in honore.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	925 Honor enim exhibetur alicui propter aliquam eius excellentiam; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	926 ita est signum et testimonium quoddam illius excellentiae quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	927 in honorato. Excellentia autem hominis maxime attenditur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	928 beatitudinem, quae est hominis bonum perfectum; et secundum partes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	929 eius, idest secundum illa bona quibus aliquid beatitudinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	930 participatur. Et ideo honor potest quidem consequi beatitudinem,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	931 sed principaliter in eo beatitudo consistere non potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="33482"><span class="ref">[33482] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	932 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus ibidem dicit, honor non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	933 praemium virtutis propter quod virtuosi operantur, sed accipiunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	934 honorem ab hominibus loco praemii, quasi a non habentibus aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	935 maius ad dandum. Verum autem praemium virtutis est ipsa beatitudo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	936 propter quam virtuosi operantur. Si autem propter honorem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	937 operarentur, iam non esset virtus, sed magis ambitio.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="33483"><span class="ref">[33483] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	938 dicendum quod honor debetur Deo et excellentissimis, in signum vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	939 testimonium excellentiae praeexistentis, non quod ipse honor faciat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	940 eos excellentes.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="33484"><span class="ref">[33484] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	941 dicendum quod ex naturali desiderio beatitudinis, quam consequitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	942 honor, ut dictum est, contingit quod homines maxime honorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	943 desiderant. Unde quaerunt homines maxime honorari a sapientibus,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	944 quorum iudicio credunt se esse excellentes vel felices.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="33485"><span class="ref">[33485] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	945 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis consistat in gloria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	946 In eo enim videtur beatitudo consistere, quod redditur sanctis pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	947 tribulationibus quas in mundo patiuntur. Huiusmodi autem est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	948 gloria, dicit enim apostolus, Rom. VIII, <i>non sunt condignae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	949 passiones huius temporis ad futuram gloriam, quae revelabitur in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	950 nobis</i>. Ergo beatitudo consistit in gloria.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="33486"><span class="ref">[33486] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	951 bonum est diffusivum sui, ut patet per Dionysium, IV cap. de Div.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	952 Nom. Sed per gloriam bonum hominis maxime diffunditur in notitiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	953 aliorum, quia gloria, ut Ambrosius dicit, nihil aliud est quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	954 clara cum laude notitia. Ergo beatitudo hominis consistit in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	955 gloria.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="33487"><span class="ref">[33487] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	956 beatitudo est stabilissimum bonorum. Hoc autem videtur esse fama
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	957 vel gloria, quia per hanc quodammodo homines aeternitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	958 sortiuntur. Unde Boetius dicit, in libro de Consol., <i>vos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	959 immortalitatem vobis propagare videmini, cum futuri famam temporis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	960 cogitatis</i>. Ergo beatitudo hominis consistit in fama seu
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	961 gloria.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 s. c."><a name="33488"><span class="ref">[33488] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	962 beatitudo est verum hominis bonum. Sed famam seu gloriam contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	963 esse falsam, ut enim dicit Boetius, in libro III de Consol.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	964 <i>plures magnum saepe nomen falsis vulgi opinionibus abstulerunt.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	965 Quo quid turpius excogitari potest? Nam qui falso praedicantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	966 suis ipsi necesse est laudibus erubescant</i>. Non ergo beatitudo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	967 hominis consistit in fama seu gloria.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 co."><a name="33489"><span class="ref">[33489] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	968 dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem hominis in fama seu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	969 gloria humana consistere. Nam gloria nihil aliud est quam clara
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	970 notitia cum laude, ut Ambrosius dicit. Res autem cognita aliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	971 comparatur ad cognitionem humanam, et aliter ad cognitionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	972 divinam, humana enim cognitio a rebus cognitis causatur, sed divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	973 cognitio est causa rerum cognitarum. Unde perfectio humani boni,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	974 quae beatitudo dicitur, non potest causari a notitia humana, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	975 magis notitia humana de beatitudine alicuius procedit et quodammodo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	976 causatur ab ipsa humana beatitudine, vel inchoata vel perfecta. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	977 ideo in fama vel in gloria non potest consistere hominis beatitudo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	978 Sed bonum hominis dependet, sicut ex causa, ex cognitione Dei. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	979 ideo ex gloria quae est apud Deum, dependet beatitudo hominis sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	980 ex causa sua, secundum illud Psalmi XC, <i>eripiam eum, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	981 glorificabo eum, longitudine dierum replebo eum, et ostendam illi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	982 salutare meum</i>. Est etiam aliud considerandum, quod humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	983 notitia saepe fallitur, et praecipue in singularibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	984 contingentibus, cuiusmodi sunt actus humani. Et ideo frequenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	985 humana gloria fallax est. Sed quia Deus falli non potest, eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	986 gloria semper vera est. Propter quod dicitur, II ad Cor. X, <i>ille
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	987 probatus est, quem Deus commendat</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="33490"><span class="ref">[33490] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	988 dicendum quod apostolus non loquitur ibi de gloria quae est ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	989 hominibus, sed de gloria quae est a Deo coram Angelis eius. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	990 dicitur Marc. VIII, <i>filius hominis confitebitur eum in gloria
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	991 patris sui, coram Angelis eius</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="33491"><span class="ref">[33491] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	992 dicendum quod bonum alicuius hominis quod per famam vel gloriam est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	993 in cognitione multorum, si cognitio quidem vera sit, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	994 derivetur a bono existente in ipso homine, et sic praesupponit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	995 beatitudinem perfectam vel inchoatam. Si autem cognitio falsa sit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	996 non concordat rei, et sic bonum non invenitur in eo cuius fama
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	997 celebris habetur. Unde patet quod fama nullo modo potest facere
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	998 hominem beatum.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="33492"><span class="ref">[33492] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	999 dicendum quod fama non habet stabilitatem, immo falso rumore de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1000 facili perditur. Et si stabilis aliquando perseveret, hoc est per
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1001 accidens. Sed beatitudo habet per se stabilitatem, et semper.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="33493"><span class="ref">[33493] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1002 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo consistat in potestate.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1003 Omnia enim appetunt assimilari Deo, tanquam ultimo fini et primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1004 principio. Sed homines qui in potestatibus sunt, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1005 similitudinem potestatis, maxime videntur esse Deo conformes, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1006 et in Scriptura dii vocantur, ut patet Exod. XXII, <i>diis non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1007 detrahes</i>. Ergo in potestate beatitudo consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="33494"><span class="ref">[33494] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1008 beatitudo est bonum perfectum. Sed perfectissimum est quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1009 etiam alios regere possit, quod convenit his qui in potestatibus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1010 sunt constituti. Ergo beatitudo consistit in potestate.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="33495"><span class="ref">[33495] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1011 beatitudo, cum sit maxime appetibilis, opponitur ei quod maxime est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1012 fugiendum. Sed homines maxime fugiunt servitutem, cui contraponitur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1013 potestas. Ergo in potestate beatitudo consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 s. c."><a name="33496"><span class="ref">[33496] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1014 beatitudo est perfectum bonum. Sed potestas est maxime imperfecta.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1015 Ut enim dicit Boetius, III de Consol., <i>potestas humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1016 sollicitudinum morsus expellere, formidinum aculeos vitare nequit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1017 Et postea, potentem censes cui satellites latus ambiunt qui quos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1018 terret, ipse plus metuit?</i> Non igitur beatitudo consistit in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1019 potestate.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 co."><a name="33497"><span class="ref">[33497] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1020 dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem in potestate consistere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1021 propter duo. Primo quidem, quia potestas habet rationem principii,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1022 ut patet in V Metaphys. Beatitudo autem habet rationem ultimi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1023 finis. Secundo, quia potestas se habet ad bonum et ad malum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1024 Beatitudo autem est proprium et perfectum hominis bonum. Unde magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1025 posset consistere beatitudo aliqua in bono usu potestatis, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1026 per virtutem, quam in ipsa potestate. Possunt autem quatuor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1027 generales rationes induci ad ostendendum quod in nullo praemissorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1028 exteriorum bonorum beatitudo consistat. Quarum prima est quia, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1029 beatitudo sit summum hominis bonum, non compatitur secum aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1030 malum. Omnia autem praedicta possunt inveniri et in bonis et in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1031 malis. Secunda ratio est quia, cum de ratione beatitudinis sit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1032 sit per se sufficiens, ut patet in I Ethic., necesse est quod,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1033 beatitudine adepta, nullum bonum homini necessarium desit. Adeptis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1034 autem singulis praemissorum, possunt adhuc multa bona homini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1035 necessaria deesse, puta sapientia, sanitas corporis, et huiusmodi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1036 Tertia, quia, cum beatitudo sit bonum perfectum, ex beatitudine non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1037 potest aliquod malum alicui provenire. Quod non convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1038 praemissis, dicitur enim Eccle. V, quod divitiae interdum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1039 conservantur in malum domini sui; et simile patet in aliis tribus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1040 Quarta ratio est quia ad beatitudinem homo ordinatur per principia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1041 interiora, cum ad ipsam naturaliter ordinetur. Praemissa autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1042 quatuor bona magis sunt a causis exterioribus, et ut plurimum a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1043 fortuna, unde et bona fortunae dicuntur. Unde patet quod in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1044 praemissis nullo modo beatitudo consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="33498"><span class="ref">[33498] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1045 dicendum quod divina potestas est sua bonitas, unde uti sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1046 potestate non potest nisi bene. Sed hoc in hominibus non invenitur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1047 Unde non sufficit ad beatitudinem hominis quod assimiletur Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1048 quantum ad potestatem, nisi etiam assimiletur ei quantum ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1049 bonitatem.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="33499"><span class="ref">[33499] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1050 dicendum quod, sicut optimum est quod aliquis utatur bene potestate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1051 in regimine multorum, ita pessimum est si male utatur. Et ita
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1052 potestas se habet et ad bonum et ad malum.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="33500"><span class="ref">[33500] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1053 dicendum quod servitus est impedimentum boni usus potestatis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1054 ideo naturaliter homines eam fugiunt, et non quasi in potestate
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1055 hominis sit summum bonum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="33501"><span class="ref">[33501] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1056 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis consistat in bonis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1057 corporis. Dicitur enim Eccli. XXX, <i>non est census supra censum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1058 salutis corporis</i>. Sed in eo quod est optimum, consistit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1059 beatitudo. Ergo consistit in corporis salute.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="33502"><span class="ref">[33502] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1060 Dionysius dicit, V cap. de Div. Nom., quod esse est melius quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1061 vivere, et vivere melius quam alia quae consequuntur. Sed ad esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1062 et vivere hominis requiritur salus corporis. Cum ergo beatitudo sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1063 summum bonum hominis, videtur quod salus corporis maxime pertineat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1064 ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="33503"><span class="ref">[33503] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1065 quanto aliquid est communius, tanto ab altiori principio dependet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1066 quia quanto causa est superior, tanto eius virtus ad plura se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1067 extendit. Sed sicut causalitas causae efficientis consideratur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1068 secundum influentiam, ita causalitas finis attenditur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1069 appetitum. Ergo sicut prima causa efficiens est quae in omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1070 influit, ita ultimus finis est quod ab omnibus desideratur. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1071 ipsum esse est quod maxime desideratur ab omnibus. Ergo in his quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1072 pertinent ad esse hominis, sicut est salus corporis, maxime
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1073 consistit eius beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 s. c."><a name="33504"><span class="ref">[33504] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1074 secundum beatitudinem homo excellit omnia alia animalia. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1075 secundum bona corporis, a multis animalibus superatur, sicut ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1076 elephante in diuturnitate vitae, a leone in fortitudine, a cervo in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1077 cursu. Ergo beatitudo hominis non consistit in bonis corporis.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 co."><a name="33505"><span class="ref">[33505] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1078 dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem hominis in bonis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1079 corporis consistere, propter duo. Primo quidem, quia impossibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1080 est quod illius rei quae ordinatur ad aliud sicut ad finem, ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1081 finis sit eiusdem conservatio in esse. Unde gubernator non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1082 intendit, sicut ultimum finem, conservationem navis sibi commissae;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1083 eo quod navis ad aliud ordinatur sicut ad finem, scilicet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1084 navigandum. Sicut autem navis committitur gubernatori ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1085 dirigendum, ita homo est suae voluntati et rationi commissus;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1086 secundum illud quod dicitur Eccli. XV, <i>Deus ab initio constituit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1087 hominem, et reliquit eum in manu consilii sui</i>. Manifestum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1088 autem quod homo ordinatur ad aliquid sicut ad finem, non enim homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1089 est summum bonum. Unde impossibile est quod ultimus finis rationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1090 et voluntatis humanae sit conservatio humani esse. Secundo quia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1091 dato quod finis rationis et voluntatis humanae esset conservatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1092 humani esse, non tamen posset dici quod finis hominis esset aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1093 corporis bonum. Esse enim hominis consistit in anima et corpore, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1094 quamvis esse corporis dependeat ab anima, esse tamen humanae animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1095 non dependet a corpore, ut supra ostensum est; ipsumque corpus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1096 propter animam, sicut materia propter formam, et instrumenta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1097 propter motorem, ut per ea suas actiones exerceat. Unde omnia bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1098 corporis ordinantur ad bona animae, sicut ad finem. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1099 impossibile est quod in bonis corporis beatitudo consistat, quae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1100 est ultimus hominis finis.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="33506"><span class="ref">[33506] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1101 dicendum quod, sicut corpus ordinatur ad animam sicut ad finem, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1102 bona exteriora ad ipsum corpus. Et ideo rationabiliter bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1103 corporis praefertur bonis exterioribus, quae per censum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1104 significantur, sicut et bonum animae praefertur omnibus bonis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1105 corporis.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="33507"><span class="ref">[33507] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1106 dicendum quod esse simpliciter acceptum, secundum quod includit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1107 se omnem perfectionem essendi, praeeminet vitae et omnibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1108 subsequentibus, sic enim ipsum esse praehabet in se omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1109 subsequentia. Et hoc modo Dionysius loquitur. Sed si consideretur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1110 ipsum esse prout participatur in hac re vel in illa, quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1111 capiunt totam perfectionem essendi, sed habent esse imperfectum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1112 sicut est esse cuiuslibet creaturae; sic manifestum est quod ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1113 esse cum perfectione superaddita est eminentius. Unde et Dionysius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1114 ibidem dicit quod viventia sunt meliora existentibus, et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1115 intelligentia viventibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="33508"><span class="ref">[33508] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1116 dicendum quod, quia finis respondet principio, ex illa ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1117 probatur quod ultimus finis est primum principium essendi, in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1118 est omnis essendi perfectio, cuius similitudinem appetunt, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1119 suam proportionem, quaedam quidem secundum esse tantum, quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1120 secundum esse vivens, quaedam secundum esse vivens et intelligens
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1121 et beatum. Et hoc paucorum est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="33509"><span class="ref">[33509] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1122 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis in voluptate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1123 consistat. Beatitudo enim, cum sit ultimus finis, non appetitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1124 propter aliud, sed alia propter ipsam. Sed hoc maxime convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1125 delectationi, <i>ridiculum est enim ab aliquo quaerere propter quid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1126 velit delectari</i>, ut dicitur in X Ethic. Ergo beatitudo maxime
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1127 in voluptate et delectatione consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="33510"><span class="ref">[33510] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a>
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1128 <i>Praeterea, causa prima vehementius imprimit quam secunda</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1129 dicitur in libro de causis. Influentia autem finis attenditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1130 secundum eius appetitum. Illud ergo videtur habere rationem finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1131 ultimi, quod maxime movet appetitum. Hoc autem est voluptas, cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1132 signum est quod delectatio intantum absorbet hominis voluntatem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1133 rationem, quod alia bona contemnere facit. Ergo videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1134 ultimus finis hominis, qui est beatitudo, maxime in voluptate
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1135 consistat.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="33511"><span class="ref">[33511] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1136 cum appetitus sit boni, illud quod omnia appetunt, videtur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1137 optimum. Sed delectationem omnia appetunt, et sapientes et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1138 insipientes, et etiam ratione carentia. Ergo delectatio est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1139 optimum. Consistit ergo in voluptate beatitudo, quae est summum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1140 bonum.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 s. c."><a name="33512"><span class="ref">[33512] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1141 est quod Boetius dicit, in III de Consol., <i>tristes exitus esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1142 voluptatum, quisquis reminisci libidinum suarum volet, intelliget.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1143 Quae si beatos efficere possent, nihil causae est quin pecudes
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1144 quoque beatae esse dicantur</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 co."><a name="33513"><span class="ref">[33513] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1145 dicendum quod, <i>quia delectationes corporales pluribus notae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1146 sunt, assumpserunt sibi nomen voluptatum</i>, ut dicitur VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1147 Ethic., cum tamen sint aliae delectationes potiores. In quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1148 tamen beatitudo principaliter non consistit. Quia in unaquaque re
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1149 aliud est quod pertinet ad essentiam eius, aliud est proprium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1150 accidens ipsius, sicut in homine aliud est quod est animal
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1151 rationale mortale, aliud quod est risibile. Est igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1152 considerandum quod omnis delectatio est quoddam proprium accidens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1153 quod consequitur beatitudinem, vel aliquam beatitudinis partem, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1154 hoc enim aliquis delectatur quod habet bonum aliquod sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1155 conveniens, vel in re, vel in spe, vel saltem in memoria. Bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1156 autem conveniens, si quidem sit perfectum, est ipsa hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1157 beatitudo si autem sit imperfectum est quaedam beatitudinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1158 participatio, vel propinqua, vel remota, vel saltem apparens. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1159 manifestum est quod nec ipsa delectatio quae consequitur bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1160 perfectum, est ipsa essentia beatitudinis; sed quoddam consequens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1161 ad ipsam sicut per se accidens. Voluptas autem corporalis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1162 potest etiam modo praedicto sequi bonum perfectum. Nam sequitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1163 bonum quod apprehendit sensus, qui est virtus animae corpore utens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1164 Bonum autem quod pertinet ad corpus, quod apprehenditur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1165 sensum, non potest esse perfectum hominis bonum. Cum enim anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1166 rationalis excedat proportionem materiae corporalis, pars animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1167 quae est ab organo corporeo absoluta, quandam habet infinitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1168 respectu ipsius corporis et partium animae corpori concretarum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1169 sicut immaterialia sunt quodammodo infinita respectu materialium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1170 eo quod forma per materiam quodammodo contrahitur et finitur, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1171 forma a materia absoluta est quodammodo infinita. Et ideo sensus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1172 qui est vis corporalis, cognoscit singulare, quod est determinatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1173 per materiam, intellectus vero, qui est vis a materia absoluta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1174 cognoscit universale, quod est abstractum a materia, et continet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1175 sub se infinita singularia. Unde patet quod bonum conveniens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1176 corpori, quod per apprehensionem sensus delectationem corporalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1177 causat, non est perfectum bonum hominis, sed est minimum quiddam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1178 comparatione ad bonum animae. Unde Sap. VII, dicitur quod <i>omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1179 aurum, in comparatione sapientiae, arena est exigua</i>. Sic igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1180 neque voluptas corporalis est ipsa beatitudo, nec est per se
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1181 accidens beatitudinis.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="33514"><span class="ref">[33514] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1182 dicendum quod eiusdem rationis est quod appetatur bonum, et quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1183 appetatur delectatio, quae nihil est aliud quam quietatio appetitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1184 in bono, sicut ex eadem virtute naturae est quod grave feratur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1185 deorsum, et quod ibi quiescat. Unde sicut bonum propter seipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1186 appetitur, ita et delectatio propter se, et non propter aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1187 appetitur, si ly propter dicat causam finalem. Si vero dicat causam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1188 formalem, vel potius motivam, sic delectatio est appetibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1189 propter aliud, idest propter bonum, quod est delectationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1190 obiectum, et per consequens est principium eius, et dat ei formam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1191 ex hoc enim delectatio habet quod appetatur, quia est quies in bono
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1192 desiderato.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="33515"><span class="ref">[33515] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1193 dicendum quod vehemens appetitus delectationis sensibilis contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1194 ex hoc quod operationes sensuum, quia sunt principia nostrae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1195 cognitionis, sunt magis perceptibiles. Unde etiam a pluribus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1196 delectationes sensibiles appetuntur.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="33516"><span class="ref">[33516] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1197 dicendum quod eo modo omnes appetunt delectationem, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1198 appetunt bonum, et tamen delectationem appetunt ratione boni, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1199 non e converso, ut dictum est. Unde non sequitur quod delectatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1200 sit maximum et per se bonum, sed quod unaquaeque delectatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1201 consequatur aliquod bonum, et quod aliqua delectatio consequatur id
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1202 quod est per se et maximum bonum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="33517"><span class="ref">[33517] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1203 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo consistat in aliquo bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1204 animae. Beatitudo enim est quoddam hominis bonum. Hoc autem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1205 tria dividitur, quae sunt bona exteriora, bona corporis, et bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1206 animae. Sed beatitudo non consistit in bonis exterioribus, neque in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1207 bonis corporis, sicut supra ostensum est. Ergo consistit in bonis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1208 animae.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="33518"><span class="ref">[33518] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1209 illud cui appetimus aliquod bonum, magis amamus quam bonum quod ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1210 appetimus, sicut magis amamus amicum cui appetimus pecuniam, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1211 pecuniam. Sed unusquisque quodcumque bonum sibi appetit. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1212 seipsum amat magis quam omnia alia bona. Sed beatitudo est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1213 maxime amatur, quod patet ex hoc quod propter ipsam omnia alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1214 amantur et desiderantur. Ergo beatitudo consistit in aliquo bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1215 ipsius hominis. Sed non in bonis corporis. Ergo in bonis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1216 animae.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="33519"><span class="ref">[33519] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1217 perfectio est aliquid eius quod perficitur. Sed beatitudo est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1218 quaedam perfectio hominis. Ergo beatitudo est aliquid hominis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1219 non est aliquid corporis, ut ostensum est. Ergo beatitudo est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1220 aliquid animae. Et ita consistit in bonis animae.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 s. c."><a name="33520"><span class="ref">[33520] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1221 sicut Augustinus dicit in libro de Doctr. Christ., <i>id in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1222 constituitur beata vita, propter se diligendum est</i>. Sed homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1223 non est propter seipsum diligendus, sed quidquid est in homine, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1224 diligendum propter Deum. Ergo in nullo bono animae beatitudo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1225 consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 co."><a name="33521"><span class="ref">[33521] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1226 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, finis dupliciter dicitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1227 scilicet ipsa res quam adipisci desideramus; et usus, seu adeptio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1228 aut possessio illius rei. Si ergo loquamur de ultimo fine hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1229 quantum ad ipsam rem quam appetimus sicut ultimum finem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1230 impossibile est quod ultimus finis hominis sit ipsa anima, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1231 aliquid eius. Ipsa enim anima, in se considerata, est ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1232 potentia existens, fit enim de potentia sciente actu sciens, et de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1233 potentia virtuosa actu virtuosa. Cum autem potentia sit propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1234 actum, sicut propter complementum, impossibile est quod id quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1235 secundum se in potentia existens, habeat rationem ultimi finis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1236 Unde impossibile est quod ipsa anima sit ultimus finis sui ipsius.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1237 Similiter etiam neque aliquid eius, sive sit potentia, sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1238 habitus, sive actus. Bonum enim quod est ultimus finis, est bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1239 perfectum complens appetitum. Appetitus autem humanus, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1240 voluntas, est boni universalis. Quodlibet bonum autem inhaerens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1241 ipsi animae, est bonum participatum, et per consequens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1242 particulatum. Unde impossibile est quod aliquod eorum sit ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1243 finis hominis. Sed si loquamur de ultimo fine hominis quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1244 ipsam adeptionem vel possessionem, seu quemcumque usum ipsius rei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1245 quae appetitur ut finis, sic ad ultimum finem pertinet aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1246 hominis ex parte animae, quia homo per animam beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1247 consequitur. Res ergo ipsa quae appetitur ut finis, est id in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1248 beatitudo consistit, et quod beatum facit, sed huius rei adeptio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1249 vocatur beatitudo. Unde dicendum est quod beatitudo est aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1250 animae; sed id in quo consistit beatitudo, est aliquid extra
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1251 animam.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="33522"><span class="ref">[33522] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1252 dicendum quod, secundum quod sub illa divisione comprehenduntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1253 omnia bona quae homini sunt appetibilia, sic bonum animae dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1254 non solum potentia aut habitus aut actus, sed etiam obiectum, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1255 est extrinsecum. Et hoc modo nihil prohibet dicere id in quo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1256 beatitudo consistit, esse quoddam bonum animae.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="33523"><span class="ref">[33523] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1257 dicendum, quantum ad propositum pertinet, quod beatitudo maxime
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1258 amatur tanquam bonum concupitum, amicus autem amatur tanquam id cui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1259 concupiscitur bonum; et sic etiam homo amat seipsum. Unde non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1260 eadem ratio amoris utrobique. Utrum autem amore amicitiae aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1261 homo supra se amet, erit locus considerandi cum de caritate
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1262 agetur.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="33524"><span class="ref">[33524] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1263 dicendum quod beatitudo ipsa, cum sit perfectio animae, est quoddam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1264 animae bonum inhaerens, sed id in quo beatitudo consistit, quod
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1265 scilicet beatum facit, est aliquid extra animam, ut dictum est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="33525"><span class="ref">[33525] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1266 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis consistat in aliquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1267 bono creato. Dicit enim Dionysius, VII cap. de Div. Nom., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1268 divina sapientia coniungit fines primorum principiis secundorum, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1269 quo potest accipi quod summum inferioris naturae sit attingere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1270 infimum naturae superioris. Sed summum hominis bonum est beatitudo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1271 Cum ergo Angelus naturae ordine sit supra hominem, ut in primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1272 habitum est; videtur quod beatitudo hominis consistat in hoc quod
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1273 aliquo modo attingit ad Angelum.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="33526"><span class="ref">[33526] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1274 ultimus finis cuiuslibet rei est in suo perfecto, unde pars est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1275 propter totum, sicut propter finem. Sed tota universitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1276 creaturarum, quae dicitur maior mundus, comparatur ad hominem, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1277 in VIII Physic. dicitur minor mundus, sicut perfectum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1278 imperfectum. Ergo beatitudo hominis consistit in tota universitate
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1279 creaturarum.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="33527"><span class="ref">[33527] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1280 per hoc homo efficitur beatus, quod eius naturale desiderium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1281 quietat. Sed naturale desiderium hominis non extenditur ad maius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1282 bonum quam quod ipse capere potest. Cum ergo homo non sit capax
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1283 boni quod excedit limites totius creaturae, videtur quod per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1284 aliquod bonum creatum homo beatus fieri possit. Et ita beatitudo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1285 hominis in aliquo bono creato consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 s. c."><a name="33528"><span class="ref">[33528] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1286 est quod Augustinus dicit, XIX de Civ. Dei, <i>ut vita carnis anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1287 est, ita beata vita hominis Deus est; de quo dicitur, beatus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1288 populus cuius dominus Deus eius</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 co."><a name="33529"><span class="ref">[33529] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1289 dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem hominis esse in aliquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1290 bono creato. Beatitudo enim est bonum perfectum, quod totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1291 quietat appetitum, alioquin non esset ultimus finis, si adhuc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1292 restaret aliquid appetendum. Obiectum autem voluntatis, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1293 appetitus humanus, est universale bonum; sicut obiectum intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1294 est universale verum. Ex quo patet quod nihil potest quietare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1295 voluntatem hominis, nisi bonum universale. Quod non invenitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1296 aliquo creato, sed solum in Deo, quia omnis creatura habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1297 bonitatem participatam. Unde solus Deus voluntatem hominis implere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1298 potest; secundum quod dicitur in Psalmo CII, <i>qui replet in bonis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1299 desiderium tuum</i>. In solo igitur Deo beatitudo hominis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1300 consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="33530"><span class="ref">[33530] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1301 dicendum quod superius hominis attingit quidem infimum angelicae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1302 naturae per quandam similitudinem; non tamen ibi sistit sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1303 ultimo fine, sed procedit usque ad ipsum universalem fontem boni,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1304 qui est universale obiectum beatitudinis omnium beatorum, tanquam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1305 infinitum et perfectum bonum existens.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="33531"><span class="ref">[33531] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1306 dicendum quod, si totum aliquod non sit ultimus finis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1307 ordinetur ad finem ulteriorem, ultimus finis partis non est ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1308 totum, sed aliquid aliud. Universitas autem creaturarum, ad quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1309 comparatur homo ut pars ad totum, non est ultimus finis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1310 ordinatur in Deum sicut in ultimum finem. Unde bonum universi non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1311 est ultimus finis hominis, sed ipse Deus.</p><p title="I-II q. 2 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="33532"><span class="ref">[33532] Iª-IIae q. 2 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1312 dicendum quod bonum creatum non est minus quam bonum cuius homo est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1313 capax ut rei intrinsecae et inhaerentis, est tamen minus quam bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1314 cuius est capax ut obiecti, quod est infinitum. Bonum autem quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1315 participatur ab Angelo, et a toto universo, est bonum finitum et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1316 contractum.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q3"><h2>Quaestio 3</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 pr."><a name="33533"><span class="ref">[33533]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1317 Iª-IIae q. 3 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est quid sit
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1318 beatitudo; et quae requirantur ad ipsam. Circa primum quaeruntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1319 octo. Primo, utrum beatitudo sit aliquid increatum. Secundo, si est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1320 aliquid creatum, utrum sit operatio. Tertio, utrum sit operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1321 sensitivae partis, an intellectivae tantum. Quarto, si est operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1322 intellectivae partis, utrum sit operatio intellectus, an
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1323 voluntatis. Quinto, si est operatio intellectus, utrum sit operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1324 intellectus speculativi, aut practici. Sexto, si est operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1325 intellectus speculativi, utrum consistat in speculatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1326 scientiarum speculativarum. Septimo, utrum consistat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1327 speculatione substantiarum separatarum, scilicet Angelorum. Octavo,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1328 utrum in sola speculatione Dei qua per essentiam videtur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="33534"><span class="ref">[33534] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1329 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo sit aliquid increatum. Dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1330 enim Boetius, in III de Consol., <i>Deum esse ipsam beatitudinem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1331 necesse est confiteri</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="33535"><span class="ref">[33535] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1332 beatitudo est summum bonum. Sed esse summum bonum convenit Deo. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1333 ergo non sint plura summa bona, videtur quod beatitudo sit idem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1334 quod Deus.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="33536"><span class="ref">[33536] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1335 beatitudo est ultimus finis, in quem naturaliter humana voluntas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1336 tendit. Sed in nullum aliud voluntas tanquam in finem tendere debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1337 nisi in Deum; quo solo fruendum est, ut Augustinus dicit. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1338 beatitudo est idem quod Deus.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 s. c."><a name="33537"><span class="ref">[33537] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1339 nullum factum est increatum. Sed beatitudo hominis est aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1340 factum, quia secundum Augustinum, I de Doctr. Christ., <i>illis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1341 rebus fruendum est, quae nos beatos faciunt</i>. Ergo beatitudo non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1342 est aliquid increatum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 co."><a name="33538"><span class="ref">[33538] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1343 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, finis dicitur dupliciter.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1344 Uno modo, ipsa res quam cupimus adipisci, sicut avaro est finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1345 pecunia. Alio modo, ipsa adeptio vel possessio, seu usus aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1346 fruitio eius rei quae desideratur, sicut si dicatur quod possessio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1347 pecuniae est finis avari, et frui re voluptuosa est finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1348 intemperati. Primo ergo modo, ultimus hominis finis est bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1349 increatum, scilicet Deus, qui solus sua infinita bonitate potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1350 voluntatem hominis perfecte implere. Secundo autem modo, ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1351 finis hominis est aliquid creatum in ipso existens, quod nihil est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1352 aliud quam adeptio vel fruitio finis ultimi. Ultimus autem finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1353 vocatur beatitudo. Si ergo beatitudo hominis consideretur quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1354 ad causam vel obiectum, sic est aliquid increatum, si autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1355 consideretur quantum ad ipsam essentiam beatitudinis, sic est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1356 aliquid creatum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="33539"><span class="ref">[33539] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1357 dicendum quod Deus est beatitudo per essentiam suam, non enim per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1358 adeptionem aut participationem alicuius alterius beatus est, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1359 per essentiam suam. Homines autem sunt beati, sicut ibidem dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1360 Boetius, per participationem; sicut et dii per participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1361 dicuntur. Ipsa autem participatio beatitudinis secundum quam homo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1362 dicitur beatus, aliquid creatum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="33540"><span class="ref">[33540] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1363 dicendum quod beatitudo dicitur esse summum hominis bonum, quia est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1364 adeptio vel fruitio summi boni.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="33541"><span class="ref">[33541] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1365 dicendum quod beatitudo dicitur ultimus finis, per modum quo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1366 adeptio finis dicitur finis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="33542"><span class="ref">[33542] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1367 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo non sit operatio. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1368 apostolus, Rom. VI, <i>habetis fructum vestrum in sanctificationem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1369 finem vero vitam aeternam</i>. Sed vita non est operatio, sed ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1370 esse viventium. Ergo ultimus finis, qui est beatitudo, non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1371 operatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="33543"><span class="ref">[33543] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1372 Boetius dicit, in III de Consol., quod <i>beatitudo est status
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1373 omnium bonorum aggregatione perfectus</i>. Sed status non nominat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1374 operationem. Ergo beatitudo non est operatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="33544"><span class="ref">[33544] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1375 beatitudo significat aliquid in beato existens, cum sit ultima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1376 perfectio hominis. Sed operatio non significat ut aliquid existens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1377 in operante, sed magis ut ab ipso procedens. Ergo beatitudo non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1378 operatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 arg. 4"><a name="33545"><span class="ref">[33545] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1379 beatitudo permanet in beato. Operatio autem non permanet, sed
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1380 transit. Ergo beatitudo non est operatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 arg. 5"><a name="33546"><span class="ref">[33546] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1381 unius hominis est una beatitudo. Operationes autem sunt multae.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1382 Ergo beatitudo non est operatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 arg. 6"><a name="33547"><span class="ref">[33547] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 arg. 6</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1383 beatitudo inest beato absque interruptione. Sed operatio humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1384 frequenter interrumpitur puta somno, vel aliqua alia occupatione,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1385 vel quiete. Ergo beatitudo non est operatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 s. c."><a name="33548"><span class="ref">[33548] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1386 est quod philosophus dicit, in I Ethic., quod <i>felicitas est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1387 operatio secundum virtutem perfectam</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 co."><a name="33549"><span class="ref">[33549] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1388 dicendum quod, secundum quod beatitudo hominis est aliquid creatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1389 in ipso existens necesse est dicere quod beatitudo hominis sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1390 operatio. Est enim beatitudo ultima hominis perfectio. Unumquodque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1391 autem intantum perfectum est, inquantum est actu, nam potentia sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1392 actu imperfecta est. Oportet ergo beatitudinem in ultimo actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1393 hominis consistere. Manifestum est autem quod operatio est ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1394 actus operantis; unde et actus secundus a philosopho nominatur, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1395 II de anima, nam habens formam potest esse in potentia operans,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1396 sicut sciens est in potentia considerans. Et inde est quod in aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1397 quoque rebus res unaquaeque dicitur esse propter suam operationem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1398 ut dicitur in II de caelo. Necesse est ergo beatitudinem hominis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1399 operationem esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="33550"><span class="ref">[33550] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1400 dicendum quod vita dicitur dupliciter. Uno modo, ipsum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1401 viventis. Et sic beatitudo non est vita, ostensum est enim quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1402 esse unius hominis, qualecumque sit, non est hominis beatitudo;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1403 solius enim Dei beatitudo est suum esse. Alio modo dicitur vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1404 ipsa operatio viventis, secundum quam principium vitae in actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1405 reducitur, et sic nominamus vitam activam, vel contemplativam, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1406 voluptuosam. Et hoc modo vita aeterna dicitur ultimus finis. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1407 patet per hoc quod dicitur Ioan. XVII, <i>haec est vita aeterna, ut
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1408 cognoscant te, Deum verum unum</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="33551"><span class="ref">[33551] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1409 dicendum quod Boetius, definiendo beatitudinem, consideravit ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1410 communem beatitudinis rationem. Est enim communis ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1411 beatitudinis quod sit bonum commune perfectum; et hoc significavit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1412 cum dixit quod <i>est status omnium bonorum aggregatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1413 perfectus</i>, per quod nihil aliud significatur nisi quod beatus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1414 est in statu boni perfecti. Sed Aristoteles expressit ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1415 essentiam beatitudinis, ostendens per quid homo sit in huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1416 statu, quia per operationem quandam. Et ideo in I Ethic. ipse etiam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1417 ostendit quod beatitudo est bonum perfectum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="33552"><span class="ref">[33552] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1418 dicendum quod, sicut dicitur in IX Metaphys., duplex est actio. Una
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1419 quae procedit ab operante in exteriorem materiam, sicut urere et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1420 secare. Et talis operatio non potest esse beatitudo, nam talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1421 operatio non est actio et perfectio agentis, sed magis patientis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1422 ut ibidem dicitur. Alia est actio manens in ipso agente, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1423 sentire, intelligere et velle, et huiusmodi actio est perfectio et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1424 actus agentis. Et talis operatio potest esse beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 ad 4"><a name="33553"><span class="ref">[33553] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1425 dicendum quod, cum beatitudo dicat quandam ultimam perfectionem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1426 secundum quod diversae res beatitudinis capaces ad diversos gradus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1427 perfectionis pertingere possunt, secundum hoc necesse est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1428 diversimode beatitudo dicatur. Nam in Deo est beatitudo per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1429 essentiam, quia ipsum esse eius est operatio eius, qua non fruitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1430 alio, sed seipso. In Angelis autem beatis est ultima perfectio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1431 secundum aliquam operationem, qua coniunguntur bono increato, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1432 haec operatio in eis est unica et sempiterna. In hominibus autem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1433 secundum statum praesentis vitae, est ultima perfectio secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1434 operationem qua homo coniungitur Deo, sed haec operatio nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1435 continua potest esse, et per consequens nec unica est, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1436 operatio intercisione multiplicatur. Et propter hoc in statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1437 praesentis vitae, perfecta beatitudo ab homine haberi non potest.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1438 Unde philosophus, in I Ethic., ponens beatitudinem hominis in hac
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1439 vita, dicit eam imperfectam, post multa concludens, beatos autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1440 dicimus ut homines. Sed promittitur nobis a Deo beatitudo perfecta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1441 quando erimus sicut Angeli in caelo, sicut dicitur Matth. XXII.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1442 Quantum ergo ad illam beatitudinem perfectam, cessat obiectio, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1443 una et continua et sempiterna operatione in illo beatitudinis statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1444 mens hominis Deo coniungetur. Sed in praesenti vita, quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1445 deficimus ab unitate et continuitate talis operationis, tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1446 deficimus a beatitudinis perfectione. Est tamen aliqua participatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1447 beatitudinis, et tanto maior, quanto operatio potest esse magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1448 continua et una. Et ideo in activa vita, quae circa multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1449 occupatur, est minus de ratione beatitudinis quam in vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1450 contemplativa, quae versatur circa unum, idest circa veritatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1451 contemplationem. Et si aliquando homo actu non operetur huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1452 operationem, tamen quia in promptu habet eam semper operari; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1453 quia etiam ipsam cessationem, puta somni vel occupationis alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1454 naturalis, ad operationem praedictam ordinat; quasi videtur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1455 operatio continua esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 2 ad 5"><a name="33554"><span class="ref">[33554] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 2 ad 5</span></a> Et per hoc
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1456 patet solutio ad quintum, et ad sextum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="33555"><span class="ref">[33555] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1457 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo consistat etiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1458 operatione sensus. Nulla enim operatio invenitur in homine nobilior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1459 operatione sensitiva, nisi intellectiva. Sed operatio intellectiva
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1460 dependet in nobis ab operatione sensitiva, quia non possumus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1461 intelligere sine phantasmate, ut dicitur in III de anima. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1462 beatitudo consistit etiam in operatione sensitiva.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="33556"><span class="ref">[33556] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1463 Boetius dicit, in III de Consol., quod <i>beatitudo est status
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1464 omnium bonorum aggregatione perfectus</i>. Sed quaedam bona sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1465 sensibilia, quae attingimus per sensus operationem. Ergo videtur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1466 quod operatio sensus requiratur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="33557"><span class="ref">[33557] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1467 beatitudo est bonum perfectum, ut probatur in I Ethic., quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1468 esset, nisi homo perficeretur per ipsam secundum omnes partes suas.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1469 Sed per operationes sensitivas quaedam partes animae perficiuntur.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1470 Ergo operatio sensitiva requiritur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 s. c."><a name="33558"><span class="ref">[33558] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1471 in operatione sensitiva communicant nobiscum bruta animalia. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1472 autem in beatitudine. Ergo beatitudo non consistit in operatione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1473 sensitiva.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 co."><a name="33559"><span class="ref">[33559] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1474 dicendum quod ad beatitudinem potest aliquid pertinere tripliciter,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1475 uno modo, essentialiter; alio modo, antecedenter; tertio modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1476 consequenter. Essentialiter quidem non potest pertinere operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1477 sensus ad beatitudinem. Nam beatitudo hominis consistit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1478 essentialiter in coniunctione ipsius ad bonum increatum, quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1479 ultimus finis, ut supra ostensum est, cui homo coniungi non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1480 per sensus operationem. Similiter etiam quia, sicut ostensum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1481 in corporalibus bonis beatitudo hominis non consistit, quae tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1482 sola per operationem sensus attingimus. Possunt autem operationes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1483 sensus pertinere ad beatitudinem antecedenter et consequenter.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1484 Antecedenter quidem, secundum beatitudinem imperfectam, qualis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1485 praesenti vita haberi potest, nam operatio intellectus praeexigit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1486 operationem sensus. Consequenter autem, in illa perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1487 beatitudine quae expectatur in caelo, quia post resurrectionem, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1488 ipsa beatitudine animae, ut Augustinus dicit in epistola ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1489 Dioscorum, <i>fiet quaedam refluentia in corpus et in sensus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1490 corporeos, ut in suis operationibus perficiantur</i>; ut infra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1491 magis patebit, cum de resurrectione agetur. Non autem tunc operatio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1492 qua mens humana Deo coniungetur, a sensu dependebit.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="33560"><span class="ref">[33560] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1493 dicendum quod obiectio illa probat quod operatio sensus requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1494 antecedenter ad beatitudinem imperfectam, qualis in hac vita haberi
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1495 potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="33561"><span class="ref">[33561] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1496 dicendum quod beatitudo perfecta, qualem Angeli habent, habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1497 congregationem omnium bonorum per coniunctionem ad universalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1498 fontem totius boni; non quod indigeat singulis particularibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1499 bonis. Sed in hac beatitudine imperfecta, requiritur congregatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1500 bonorum sufficientium ad perfectissimam operationem huius
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1501 vitae.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="33562"><span class="ref">[33562] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1502 dicendum quod in perfecta beatitudine perficitur totus homo, sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1503 inferiori parte per redundantiam a superiori. In beatitudine autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1504 imperfecta praesentis vitae, e converso a perfectione inferioris
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1505 partis proceditur ad perfectionem superioris.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="33563"><span class="ref">[33563] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1506 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo consistat in actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1507 voluntatis. Dicit enim Augustinus, XIX de Civ. Dei, quod beatitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1508 hominis in pace consistit, unde in Psalmo CXLVII, qui posuit fines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1509 tuos pacem. Sed pax ad voluntatem pertinet. Ergo beatitudo hominis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1510 in voluntate consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="33564"><span class="ref">[33564] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1511 beatitudo est summum bonum. Sed bonum est obiectum voluntatis. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1512 beatitudo in operatione voluntatis consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="33565"><span class="ref">[33565] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1513 primo moventi respondet ultimus finis, sicut ultimus finis totius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1514 exercitus est victoria, quae est finis ducis, qui omnes movet. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1515 primum movens ad operandum est voluntas, quia movet alias vires, ut
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1516 infra dicetur. Ergo beatitudo ad voluntatem pertinet.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 arg. 4"><a name="33566"><span class="ref">[33566] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1517 si beatitudo est aliqua operatio, oportet quod sit nobilissima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1518 operatio hominis. Sed nobilior operatio est dilectio Dei, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1519 actus voluntatis, quam cognitio, quae est operatio intellectus, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1520 patet per apostolum, I ad Cor. XIII. Ergo videtur quod beatitudo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1521 consistat in actu voluntatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 arg. 5"><a name="33567"><span class="ref">[33567] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1522 Augustinus dicit, in XIII de Trin., quod <i>beatus est qui habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1523 omnia quae vult, et nihil vult male</i>. Et post pauca subdit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1524 <i>propinquat beato qui bene vult quodcumque vult, bona enim beatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1525 faciunt, quorum bonorum iam habet aliquid, ipsam scilicet bonam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1526 voluntatem</i>. Ergo beatitudo in actu voluntatis consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 s. c."><a name="33568"><span class="ref">[33568] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1527 est quod dominus dicit, Ioan. XVII, <i>haec est vita aeterna, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1528 cognoscant te, Deum verum unum</i>. Vita autem aeterna est ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1529 finis, ut dictum est. Ergo beatitudo hominis in cognitione Dei
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1530 consistit, quae est actus intellectus.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 co."><a name="33569"><span class="ref">[33569] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1531 dicendum quod ad beatitudinem, sicut supra dictum est, duo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1532 requiruntur, unum quod est essentia beatitudinis; aliud quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1533 quasi per se accidens eius, scilicet delectatio ei adiuncta. Dico
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1534 ergo quod, quantum ad id quod est essentialiter ipsa beatitudo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1535 impossibile est quod consistat in actu voluntatis. Manifestum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1536 enim ex praemissis quod beatitudo est consecutio finis ultimi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1537 Consecutio autem finis non consistit in ipso actu voluntatis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1538 Voluntas enim fertur in finem et absentem, cum ipsum desiderat; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1539 praesentem, cum in ipso requiescens delectatur. Manifestum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1540 autem quod ipsum desiderium finis non est consecutio finis, sed est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1541 motus ad finem. Delectatio autem advenit voluntati ex hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1542 finis est praesens, non autem e converso ex hoc aliquid fit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1543 praesens, quia voluntas delectatur in ipso. Oportet igitur aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1544 aliud esse quam actum voluntatis, per quod fit ipse finis praesens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1545 volenti. Et hoc manifeste apparet circa fines sensibiles. Si enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1546 consequi pecuniam esset per actum voluntatis, statim a principio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1547 cupidus consecutus esset pecuniam, quando vult eam habere. Sed a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1548 principio quidem est absens ei; consequitur autem ipsam per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1549 quod manu ipsam apprehendit, vel aliquo huiusmodi; et tunc iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1550 delectatur in pecunia habita. Sic igitur et circa intelligibilem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1551 finem contingit. Nam a principio volumus consequi finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1552 intelligibilem; consequimur autem ipsum per hoc quod fit praesens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1553 nobis per actum intellectus; et tunc voluntas delectata conquiescit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1554 in fine iam adepto. Sic igitur essentia beatitudinis in actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1555 intellectus consistit, sed ad voluntatem pertinet delectatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1556 beatitudinem consequens; secundum quod Augustinus dicit, X
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1557 Confess., quod beatitudo est gaudium de veritate; quia scilicet
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1558 ipsum gaudium est consummatio beatitudinis.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="33570"><span class="ref">[33570] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1559 dicendum quod pax pertinet ad ultimum hominis finem, non quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1560 essentialiter sit ipsa beatitudo; sed quia antecedenter et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1561 consequenter se habet ad ipsam. Antecedenter quidem, inquantum iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1562 sunt remota omnia perturbantia, et impedientia ab ultimo fine.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1563 Consequenter vero, inquantum iam homo, adepto ultimo fine, remanet
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1564 pacatus, suo desiderio quietato.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="33571"><span class="ref">[33571] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1565 dicendum quod primum obiectum voluntatis non est actus eius sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1566 nec primum obiectum visus est visio, sed visibile. Unde ex hoc ipso
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1567 quod beatitudo pertinet ad voluntatem tanquam primum obiectum eius,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1568 sequitur quod non pertineat ad ipsam tanquam actus ipsius.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="33572"><span class="ref">[33572] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1569 dicendum quod finem primo apprehendit intellectus quam voluntas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1570 tamen motus ad finem incipit in voluntate. Et ideo voluntati
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1571 debetur id quod ultimo consequitur consecutionem finis, scilicet
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1572 delectatio vel fruitio.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 ad 4"><a name="33573"><span class="ref">[33573] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1573 dicendum quod dilectio praeeminet cognitioni in movendo, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1574 cognitio praevia est dilectioni in attingendo, non enim diligitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1575 nisi cognitum, ut dicit Augustinus in X de Trin. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1576 intelligibilem finem primo attingimus per actionem intellectus;
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1577 sicut et finem sensibilem primo attingimus per actionem sensus.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 4 ad 5"><a name="33574"><span class="ref">[33574] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 4 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1578 dicendum quod ille qui habet omnia quae vult, ex hoc est beatus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1579 quod habet ea quae vult, quod quidem est per aliud quam per actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1580 voluntatis. Sed nihil male velle requiritur ad beatitudinem sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1581 quaedam debita dispositio ad ipsam. Voluntas autem bona ponitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1582 numero bonorum quae beatum faciunt, prout est inclinatio quaedam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1583 ipsa, sicut motus reducitur ad genus sui termini, ut alteratio ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1584 qualitatem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="33575"><span class="ref">[33575] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1585 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo consistat in operatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1586 intellectus practici. Finis enim ultimus cuiuslibet creaturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1587 consistit in assimilatione ad Deum. Sed homo magis assimilatur Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1588 per intellectum practicum, qui est causa rerum intellectarum, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1589 per intellectum speculativum, cuius scientia accipitur a rebus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1590 Ergo beatitudo hominis magis consistit in operatione intellectus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1591 practici quam speculativi.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="33576"><span class="ref">[33576] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1592 beatitudo est perfectum hominis bonum. Sed intellectus practicus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1593 magis ordinatur ad bonum quam speculativus, qui ordinatur ad verum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1594 Unde et secundum perfectionem practici intellectus, dicimur boni,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1595 non autem secundum perfectionem speculativi intellectus, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1596 secundum eam dicimur scientes vel intelligentes. Ergo beatitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1597 hominis magis consistit in actu intellectus practici quam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1598 speculativi.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="33577"><span class="ref">[33577] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1599 beatitudo est quoddam bonum ipsius hominis. Sed speculativus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1600 intellectus occupatur magis circa ea quae sunt extra hominem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1601 practicus autem intellectus occupatur circa ea quae sunt ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1602 hominis, scilicet circa operationes et passiones eius. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1603 beatitudo hominis magis consistit in operatione intellectus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1604 practici quam intellectus speculativi.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 s. c."><a name="33578"><span class="ref">[33578] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1605 est quod Augustinus dicit, in I de Trin., quod <i>contemplatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1606 promittitur nobis, actionum omnium finis, atque aeterna perfectio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1607 gaudiorum</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 co."><a name="33579"><span class="ref">[33579] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1608 dicendum quod beatitudo magis consistit in operatione speculativi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1609 intellectus quam practici. Quod patet ex tribus. Primo quidem, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1610 hoc quod, si beatitudo hominis est operatio, oportet quod sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1611 optima operatio hominis. Optima autem operatio hominis est quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1612 optimae potentiae respectu optimi obiecti. Optima autem potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1613 est intellectus, cuius optimum obiectum est bonum divinum, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1614 quidem non est obiectum practici intellectus, sed speculativi. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1615 in tali operatione, scilicet in contemplatione divinorum, maxime
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1616 consistit beatitudo. <i>Et quia unusquisque videtur esse id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1617 est optimum in eo</i>, ut dicitur in IX et X Ethic., ideo talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1618 operatio est maxime propria homini, et maxime delectabilis. Secundo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1619 apparet idem ex hoc quod contemplatio maxime quaeritur propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1620 seipsam. Actus autem intellectus practici non quaeritur propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1621 seipsum, sed propter actionem. Ipsae etiam actiones ordinantur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1622 aliquem finem. Unde manifestum est quod ultimus finis non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1623 consistere in vita activa, quae pertinet ad intellectum practicum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1624 Tertio idem apparet ex hoc quod in vita contemplativa homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1625 communicat cum superioribus, scilicet cum Deo et Angelis, quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1626 per beatitudinem assimilatur. Sed in his quae pertinent ad vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1627 activam, etiam alia animalia cum homine aliqualiter communicant,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1628 licet imperfectae. Et ideo ultima et perfecta beatitudo, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1629 expectatur in futura vita, tota consistit in contemplatione.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1630 Beatitudo autem imperfecta, qualis hic haberi potest, primo quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1631 et principaliter consistit in contemplatione, secundario vero in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1632 operatione practici intellectus ordinantis actiones et passiones
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1633 humanas, ut dicitur in X Ethic.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="33580"><span class="ref">[33580] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1634 dicendum quod similitudo praedicta intellectus practici ad Deum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1635 est secundum proportionalitatem; quia scilicet se habet ad suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1636 cognitum, sicut Deus ad suum. Sed assimilatio intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1637 speculativi ad Deum, est secundum unionem vel informationem; quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1638 est multo maior assimilatio. Et tamen dici potest quod, respectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1639 principalis cogniti, quod est sua essentia, non habet Deus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1640 practicam cognitionem, sed speculativam tantum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="33581"><span class="ref">[33581] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1641 dicendum quod intellectus practicus ordinatur ad bonum quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1642 extra ipsum, sed intellectus speculativus habet bonum in seipso,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1643 scilicet contemplationem veritatis. Et si illud bonum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1644 perfectum, ex eo totus homo perficitur et fit bonus, quod quidem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1645 intellectus practicus non habet sed ad illud ordinat.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="33582"><span class="ref">[33582] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1646 dicendum quod ratio illa procederet, si ipsemet homo esset ultimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1647 finis suus, tunc enim consideratio et ordinatio actuum et passionum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1648 eius esset eius beatitudo. Sed quia ultimus hominis finis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1649 aliquod bonum extrinsecum, scilicet Deus, ad quem per operationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1650 intellectus speculativi attingimus; ideo magis beatitudo hominis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1651 operatione intellectus speculativi consistit, quam in operatione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1652 intellectus practici.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="33583"><span class="ref">[33583] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1653 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis consistat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1654 consideratione speculativarum scientiarum. Philosophus enim dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1655 in libro Ethic., quod <i>felicitas est operatio secundum perfectam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1656 virtutem</i>. Et distinguens virtutes, non ponit speculativas nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1657 tres, scientiam, sapientiam et intellectum; quae omnes pertinent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1658 considerationem scientiarum speculativarum. Ergo ultima hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1659 beatitudo in consideratione scientiarum speculativarum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1660 consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="33584"><span class="ref">[33584] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1661 illud videtur esse ultima hominis beatitudo, quod naturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1662 desideratur ab omnibus propter seipsum. Sed huiusmodi est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1663 consideratio speculativarum scientiarum, quia, ut dicitur in I
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1664 Metaphys., <i>omnes homines natura scire desiderant</i>; et post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1665 pauca subditur quod speculativae scientiae propter seipsas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1666 quaeruntur. Ergo in consideratione scientiarum speculativarum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1667 consistit beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="33585"><span class="ref">[33585] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1668 beatitudo est ultima hominis perfectio. Unumquodque autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1669 perficitur secundum quod reducitur de potentia in actum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1670 Intellectus autem humanus reducitur in actum per considerationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1671 scientiarum speculativarum. Ergo videtur quod in huiusmodi
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1672 consideratione ultima hominis beatitudo consistat.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 s. c."><a name="33586"><span class="ref">[33586] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1673 est quod dicitur Ierem. IX, <i>non glorietur sapiens in sapientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1674 sua</i>; et loquitur de sapientia speculativarum scientiarum. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1675 ergo consistit in harum consideratione ultima hominis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1676 beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 co."><a name="33587"><span class="ref">[33587] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1677 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, duplex est hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1678 beatitudo, una perfecta, et alia imperfecta. Oportet autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1679 intelligere perfectam beatitudinem, quae attingit ad veram
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1680 beatitudinis rationem, beatitudinem autem imperfectam, quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1681 attingit, sed participat quandam particularem beatitudinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1682 similitudinem. Sicut perfecta prudentia invenitur in homine, apud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1683 quem est ratio rerum agibilium, imperfecta autem prudentia est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1684 quibusdam animalibus brutis, in quibus sunt quidam particulares
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1685 instinctus ad quaedam opera similia operibus prudentiae. Perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1686 igitur beatitudo in consideratione scientiarum speculativarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1687 essentialiter consistere non potest. Ad cuius evidentiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1688 considerandum est quod consideratio speculativae scientiae non se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1689 extendit ultra virtutem principiorum illius scientiae, quia in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1690 principiis scientiae virtualiter tota scientia continetur. Prima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1691 autem principia scientiarum speculativarum sunt per sensum accepta;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1692 ut patet per philosophum in principio Metaphys., et in fine Poster.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1693 Unde tota consideratio scientiarum speculativarum non potest ultra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1694 extendi quam sensibilium cognitio ducere potest. In cognitione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1695 autem sensibilium non potest consistere ultima hominis beatitudo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1696 quae est ultima eius perfectio. Non enim aliquid perficitur ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1697 aliquo inferiori, nisi secundum quod in inferiori est aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1698 participatio superioris. Manifestum est autem quod forma lapidis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1699 vel cuiuslibet rei sensibilis, est inferior homine. Unde per formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1700 lapidis non perficitur intellectus inquantum est talis forma, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1701 inquantum in ea participatur aliqua similitudo alicuius quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1702 supra intellectum humanum, scilicet lumen intelligibile, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1703 aliquid huiusmodi. Omne autem quod est per aliud, reducitur ad id
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1704 quod est per se. Unde oportet quod ultima perfectio hominis sit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1705 cognitionem alicuius rei quae sit supra intellectum humanum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1706 Ostensum est autem quod per sensibilia non potest deveniri in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1707 cognitionem substantiarum separatarum, quae sunt supra intellectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1708 humanum. Unde relinquitur quod ultima hominis beatitudo non possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1709 esse in consideratione speculativarum scientiarum. Sed sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1710 formis sensibilibus participatur aliqua similitudo superiorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1711 substantiarum, ita consideratio scientiarum speculativarum est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1712 quaedam participatio verae et perfectae beatitudinis.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="33588"><span class="ref">[33588] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1713 dicendum quod philosophus loquitur in libro Ethicorum de felicitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1714 imperfecta, qualiter in hac vita haberi potest, ut supra dictum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1715 est.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="33589"><span class="ref">[33589] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1716 dicendum quod naturaliter desideratur non solum perfecta beatitudo,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1717 sed etiam qualiscumque similitudo vel participatio ipsius.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="33590"><span class="ref">[33590] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1718 dicendum quod per considerationem scientiarum speculativarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1719 reducitur intellectus noster aliquo modo in actum, non autem in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1720 ultimum et completum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="33591"><span class="ref">[33591] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1721 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis consistat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1722 cognitione substantiarum separatarum, idest Angelorum. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1723 Gregorius, in quadam homilia, <i>nihil prodest interesse festis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1724 hominum, si non contingat interesse festis Angelorum</i>; per quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1725 finalem beatitudinem designat. Sed festis Angelorum interesse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1726 possumus per eorum contemplationem. Ergo videtur quod in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1727 contemplatione Angelorum ultima hominis beatitudo consistat.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="33592"><span class="ref">[33592] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1728 ultima perfectio uniuscuiusque rei est ut coniungatur suo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1729 principio, unde et circulus dicitur esse figura perfecta, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1730 habet idem principium et finem. Sed principium cognitionis humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1731 est ab ipsis Angelis, per quos homines illuminantur, ut dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1732 Dionysius, IV cap. Cael. Hier. Ergo perfectio humani intellectus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1733 est in contemplatione Angelorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="33593"><span class="ref">[33593] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1734 unaquaeque natura perfecta est, quando coniungitur superiori
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1735 naturae, sicut ultima perfectio corporis est ut coniungatur naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1736 spirituali. Sed supra intellectum humanum, ordine naturae, sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1737 Angeli. Ergo ultima perfectio intellectus humani est ut coniungatur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1738 per contemplationem ipsis Angelis.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 s. c."><a name="33594"><span class="ref">[33594] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1739 est quod dicitur Ierem. IX, <i>in hoc glorietur qui gloriatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1740 scire et nosse me</i>. Ergo ultima hominis gloria, vel beatitudo,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1741 non consistit nisi in cognitione Dei.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 co."><a name="33595"><span class="ref">[33595] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1742 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, perfecta hominis beatitudo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1743 consistit in eo quod est perfectio intellectus secundum alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1744 participationem, sed in eo quod est per essentiam tale. Manifestum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1745 est autem quod unumquodque intantum est perfectio alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1746 potentiae, inquantum ad ipsum pertinet ratio proprii obiecti illius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1747 potentiae. Proprium autem obiectum intellectus est verum. Quidquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1748 ergo habet veritatem participatam, contemplatum non facit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1749 intellectum perfectum ultima perfectione. Cum autem eadem sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1750 dispositio rerum in esse sicut in veritate, ut dicitur in II
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1751 Metaphys.; quaecumque sunt entia per participationem, sunt vera per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1752 participationem. Angeli autem habent esse participatum, quia solius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1753 Dei suum esse est sua essentia, ut in primo ostensum est. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1754 relinquitur quod solus Deus sit veritas per essentiam, et quod eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1755 contemplatio faciat perfecte beatum. Aliqualem autem beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1756 imperfectam nihil prohibet attendi in contemplatione Angelorum; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1757 etiam altiorem quam in consideratione scientiarum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1758 speculativarum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="33596"><span class="ref">[33596] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1759 dicendum quod festis Angelorum intererimus non solum contemplantes
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1760 Angelos, sed simul cum ipsis, Deum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="33597"><span class="ref">[33597] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1761 dicendum quod, secundum illos qui ponunt animas humanas esse ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1762 Angelis creatas, satis conveniens videtur quod beatitudo hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1763 sit in contemplatione Angelorum, quasi in coniunctione ad suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1764 principium. Sed hoc est erroneum, ut in primo dictum est. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1765 ultima perfectio intellectus humani est per coniunctionem ad Deum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1766 qui est primum principium et creationis animae et illuminationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1767 eius. Angelus autem illuminat tanquam minister, ut in primo habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1768 est. Unde suo ministerio adiuvat hominem ut ad beatitudinem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1769 perveniat, non autem est humanae beatitudinis obiectum.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="33598"><span class="ref">[33598] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1770 dicendum quod attingi superiorem naturam ab inferiori contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1771 dupliciter. Uno modo, secundum gradum potentiae participantis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1772 sic ultima perfectio hominis erit in hoc quod homo attinget ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1773 contemplandum sicut Angeli contemplantur. Alio modo, sicut obiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1774 attingitur a potentia, et hoc modo ultima perfectio cuiuslibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1775 potentiae est ut attingat ad id in quo plene invenitur ratio sui
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1776 obiecti.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="33599"><span class="ref">[33599] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1777 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo hominis non sit in visione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1778 ipsius divinae essentiae. Dicit enim Dionysius, in I cap. Myst.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1779 Theol., quod per id quod est supremum intellectus, homo Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1780 coniungitur sicut omnino ignoto. Sed id quod videtur per essentiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1781 non est omnino ignotum. Ergo ultima intellectus perfectio, seu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1782 beatitudo, non consistit in hoc quod Deus per essentiam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1783 videtur.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="33600"><span class="ref">[33600] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1784 altioris naturae altior est perfectio. Sed haec est perfectio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1785 divini intellectus propria, ut suam essentiam videat. Ergo ultima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1786 perfectio intellectus humani ad hoc non pertingit, sed infra
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1787 subsistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 8 s. c."><a name="33601"><span class="ref">[33601] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1788 est quod dicitur I Ioan. III, <i>cum apparuerit, similes ei erimus,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1789 et videbimus eum sicuti ipse est</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 8 co."><a name="33602"><span class="ref">[33602] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1790 dicendum quod ultima et perfecta beatitudo non potest esse nisi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1791 visione divinae essentiae. Ad cuius evidentiam, duo consideranda
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1792 sunt. Primo quidem, quod homo non est perfecte beatus, quandiu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1793 restat sibi aliquid desiderandum et quaerendum. Secundum est, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1794 uniuscuiusque potentiae perfectio attenditur secundum rationem sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1795 obiecti. Obiectum autem intellectus est quod quid est, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1796 essentia rei, ut dicitur in III de anima. Unde intantum procedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1797 perfectio intellectus, inquantum cognoscit essentiam alicuius rei.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1798 Si ergo intellectus aliquis cognoscat essentiam alicuius effectus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1799 per quam non possit cognosci essentia causae, ut scilicet sciatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1800 de causa quid est; non dicitur intellectus attingere ad causam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1801 simpliciter, quamvis per effectum cognoscere possit de causa an
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1802 sit. Et ideo remanet naturaliter homini desiderium, cum cognoscit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1803 effectum, et scit eum habere causam, ut etiam sciat de causa quid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1804 est. Et illud desiderium est admirationis, et causat inquisitionem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1805 ut dicitur in principio Metaphys. Puta si aliquis cognoscens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1806 eclipsim solis, considerat quod ex aliqua causa procedit, de qua,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1807 quia nescit quid sit, admiratur, et admirando inquirit. Nec ista
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1808 inquisitio quiescit quousque perveniat ad cognoscendum essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1809 causae. Si igitur intellectus humanus, cognoscens essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1810 alicuius effectus creati, non cognoscat de Deo nisi an est; nondum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1811 perfectio eius attingit simpliciter ad causam primam, sed remanet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1812 ei adhuc naturale desiderium inquirendi causam. Unde nondum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1813 perfecte beatus. Ad perfectam igitur beatitudinem requiritur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1814 intellectus pertingat ad ipsam essentiam primae causae. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1815 perfectionem suam habebit per unionem ad Deum sicut ad obiectum, in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1816 quo solo beatitudo hominis consistit, ut supra dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="33603"><span class="ref">[33603] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1817 dicendum quod Dionysius loquitur de cognitione eorum qui sunt in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1818 via, tendentes ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 3 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="33604"><span class="ref">[33604] Iª-IIae q. 3 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1819 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, finis potest accipi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1820 dupliciter. Uno modo, quantum ad rem ipsam quae desideratur, et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1821 modo idem est finis superioris et inferioris naturae, immo omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1822 rerum, ut supra dictum est. Alio modo, quantum ad consecutionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1823 huius rei, et sic diversus est finis superioris et inferioris
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1824 naturae, secundum diversam habitudinem ad rem talem. Sic igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1825 altior est beatitudo Dei suam essentiam intellectu comprehendentis,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1826 quam hominis vel Angeli videntis, et non comprehendentis.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q4"><h2>Quaestio 4</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 pr."><a name="33605"><span class="ref">[33605]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1827 Iª-IIae q. 4 pr.</span></a> Deinde, considerandum est de his
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1828 quae exiguntur ad beatitudinem. Et circa hoc quaeruntur octo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1829 Primo, utrum delectatio requiratur ad beatitudinem. Secundo, quid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1830 sit principalius in beatitudine, utrum delectatio vel visio.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1831 Tertio, utrum requiratur comprehensio. Quarto, utrum requiratur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1832 rectitudo voluntatis. Quinto, utrum ad beatitudinem hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1833 requiratur corpus. Sexto, utrum perfectio corporis. Septimo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1834 aliqua exteriora bona. Octavo, utrum requiratur societas
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1835 amicorum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="33606"><span class="ref">[33606] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1836 sic proceditur. Videtur quod delectatio non requiratur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1837 beatitudinem. Dicit enim Augustinus, in I de Trin., quod <i>visio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1838 est tota merces fidei</i>. Sed id quod est praemium vel merces
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1839 virtutis, est beatitudo, ut patet per philosophum in I Ethic. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1840 nihil aliud requiritur ad beatitudinem nisi sola visio.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="33607"><span class="ref">[33607] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1841 beatitudo est per se sufficientissimum bonum, ut philosophus dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1842 I Ethic. Quod autem eget aliquo alio, non est per se sufficiens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1843 Cum igitur essentia beatitudinis in visione Dei consistat, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1844 ostensum est; videtur quod ad beatitudinem non requiratur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1845 delectatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="33608"><span class="ref">[33608] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1846 operationem felicitatis seu beatitudinis oportet esse non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1847 impeditam, ut dicitur in VII Ethic. Sed delectatio impedit actionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1848 intellectus corrumpit enim aestimationem prudentiae, ut dicitur in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1849 VI Ethic. Ergo delectatio non requiritur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 s. c."><a name="33609"><span class="ref">[33609] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1850 est quod Augustinus dicit, X Confess., quod <i>beatitudo est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1851 gaudium de veritate</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 co."><a name="33610"><span class="ref">[33610] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1852 dicendum quod quadrupliciter aliquid requiritur ad aliud. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1853 sicut praeambulum vel praeparatorium ad ipsum, sicut disciplina
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1854 requiritur ad scientiam. Alio modo, sicut perficiens aliquid, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1855 anima requiritur ad vitam corporis. Tertio modo, sicut coadiuvans
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1856 extrinsecum, sicut amici requiruntur ad aliquid agendum. Quarto
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1857 modo, sicut aliquid concomitans, ut si dicamus quod calor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1858 requiritur ad ignem. Et hoc modo delectatio requiritur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1859 beatitudinem. Delectatio enim causatur ex hoc quod appetitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1860 requiescit in bono adepto. Unde, cum beatitudo nihil aliud sit quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1861 adeptio summi boni, non potest esse beatitudo sine delectatione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1862 concomitante.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="33611"><span class="ref">[33611] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1863 dicendum quod ex hoc ipso quod merces alicui redditur, voluntas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1864 merentis requiescit, quod est delectari. Unde in ipsa ratione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1865 mercedis redditae delectatio includitur.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="33612"><span class="ref">[33612] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1866 dicendum quod ex ipsa visione Dei causatur delectatio. Unde ille
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1867 qui Deum videt, delectatione indigere non potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="33613"><span class="ref">[33613] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1868 dicendum quod delectatio concomitans operationem intellectus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1869 impedit ipsam, sed magis eam confortat, ut dicitur, in X Ethic., ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1870 enim quae delectabiliter facimus, attentius et perseverantius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1871 operamur. Delectatio autem extranea impedit operationem, quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1872 quidem ex intentionis distractione; quia, sicut dictum est, ad ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1873 in quibus delectamur, magis intenti sumus; et dum uni vehementer
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1874 intendimus, necesse est quod ab alio intentio retrahatur. Quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1875 autem etiam ex contrarietate, sicut delectatio sensus contraria
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1876 rationi, impedit aestimationem prudentiae magis quam aestimationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1877 speculativi intellectus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="33614"><span class="ref">[33614] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1878 sic proceditur. Videtur quod delectatio sit principalius in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1879 beatitudine quam visio. Delectatio enim, ut dicitur in X Ethic.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1880 est perfectio operationis. Sed perfectio est potior perfectibili.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1881 Ergo delectatio est potior operatione intellectus, quae est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1882 visio.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="33615"><span class="ref">[33615] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1883 illud propter quod aliquid est appetibile, est potius. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1884 operationes appetuntur propter delectationem ipsarum, unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1885 natura operationibus necessariis ad conservationem individui et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1886 speciei, delectationem apposuit, ut huiusmodi operationes ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1887 animalibus non negligantur. Ergo delectatio est potior in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1888 beatitudine quam operatio intellectus, quae est visio.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="33616"><span class="ref">[33616] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1889 visio respondet fidei, delectatio autem, sive fruitio, caritati.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1890 Sed caritas est maior fide, ut dicit apostolus I ad Cor. XIII. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1891 delectatio, sive fruitio, est potior visione.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 s. c."><a name="33617"><span class="ref">[33617] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1892 causa est potior effectu. Sed visio est causa delectationis. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1893 visio est potior quam delectatio.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 co."><a name="33618"><span class="ref">[33618] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1894 dicendum quod istam quaestionem movet philosophus in X Ethic., et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1895 eam insolutam dimittit. Sed si quis diligenter consideret, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1896 necessitate oportet quod operatio intellectus, quae est visio, sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1897 potior delectatione. Delectatio enim consistit in quadam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1898 quietatione voluntatis. Quod autem voluntas in aliquo quietetur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1899 non est nisi propter bonitatem eius in quo quietatur. Si ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1900 voluntas quietatur in aliqua operatione, ex bonitate operationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1901 procedit quietatio voluntatis. Nec voluntas quaerit bonum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1902 quietationem, sic enim ipse actus voluntatis esset finis, quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1903 contra praemissa. Sed ideo quaerit quod quietetur in operatione,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1904 quia operatio est bonum eius. Unde manifestum est quod principalius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1905 bonum est ipsa operatio in qua quietatur voluntas, quam quietatio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1906 voluntatis in ipso.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="33619"><span class="ref">[33619] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1907 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus ibidem dicit, <i>delectatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1908 perficit operationem sicut decor iuventutem</i>, qui est ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1909 iuventutem consequens. Unde delectatio est quaedam perfectio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1910 concomitans visionem; non sicut perfectio faciens visionem esse in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1911 sua specie perfectam.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="33620"><span class="ref">[33620] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1912 dicendum quod apprehensio sensitiva non attingit ad communem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1913 rationem boni, sed ad aliquod bonum particulare quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1914 delectabile. Et ideo secundum appetitum sensitivum, qui est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1915 animalibus, operationes quaeruntur propter delectationem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1916 intellectus apprehendit universalem rationem boni, ad cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1917 consecutionem sequitur delectatio. Unde principalius intendit bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1918 quam delectationem. Et inde est quod divinus intellectus, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1919 institutor naturae, delectationes apposuit propter operationes. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1920 est autem aliquid aestimandum simpliciter secundum ordinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1921 sensitivi appetitus, sed magis secundum ordinem appetitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1922 intellectivi.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="33621"><span class="ref">[33621] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1923 dicendum quod caritas non quaerit bonum dilectum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1924 delectationem, sed hoc est ei consequens, ut delectetur in bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1925 adepto quod amat. Et sic delectatio non respondet ei ut finis, sed
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1926 magis visio, per quam primo finis fit ei praesens.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="33622"><span class="ref">[33622] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1927 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad beatitudinem non requiratur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1928 comprehensio. Dicit enim Augustinus, ad Paulinam de videndo Deum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1929 <i>attingere mente Deum magna est beatitudo, comprehendere autem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1930 est impossibile</i>. Ergo sine comprehensione est beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="33623"><span class="ref">[33623] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1931 beatitudo est perfectio hominis secundum intellectivam partem, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1932 qua non sunt aliae potentiae quam intellectus et voluntas, ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1933 primo dictum est. Sed intellectus sufficienter perficitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1934 visionem Dei, voluntas autem per delectationem in ipso. Ergo non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1935 requiritur comprehensio tanquam aliquod tertium.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="33624"><span class="ref">[33624] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1936 beatitudo in operatione consistit. Operationes autem determinantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1937 secundum obiecta. Obiecta autem generalia sunt duo, verum et bonum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1938 verum correspondet visioni, et bonum correspondet delectationi.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1939 Ergo non requiritur comprehensio quasi aliquod tertium.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 s. c."><a name="33625"><span class="ref">[33625] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1940 est quod apostolus dicit, I ad Cor. IX, <i>sic currite ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1941 comprehendatis</i>. Sed spiritualis cursus terminatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1942 beatitudinem, unde ipse dicit, II ad Tim. ult., <i>bonum certamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1943 certavi, cursum consummavi, fidem servavi; in reliquo reposita est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1944 mihi corona iustitiae</i>. Ergo comprehensio requiritur ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1945 beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 co."><a name="33626"><span class="ref">[33626] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1946 dicendum quod, cum beatitudo consistat in consecutione ultimi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1947 finis, ea quae requiruntur ad beatitudinem sunt consideranda ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1948 ipso ordine hominis ad finem. Ad finem autem intelligibilem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1949 ordinatur homo partim quidem per intellectum, partim autem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1950 voluntatem. Per intellectum quidem, inquantum in intellectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1951 praeexistit aliqua cognitio finis imperfecta. Per voluntatem autem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1952 primo quidem per amorem, qui est primus motus voluntatis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1953 aliquid, secundo autem, per realem habitudinem amantis ad amatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1954 quae quidem potest esse triplex. Quandoque enim amatum est praesens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1955 amanti, et tunc iam non quaeritur. Quandoque autem non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1956 praesens, sed impossibile est ipsum adipisci, et tunc etiam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1957 quaeritur. Quandoque autem possibile est ipsum adipisci, sed est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1958 elevatum supra facultatem adipiscentis, ita ut statim haberi non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1959 possit, et haec est habitudo sperantis ad speratum, quae sola
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1960 habitudo facit finis inquisitionem. Et istis tribus respondent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1961 aliqua in ipsa beatitudine. Nam perfecta cognitio finis respondet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1962 imperfectae; praesentia vero ipsius finis respondet habitudini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1963 spei; sed delectatio in fine iam praesenti consequitur dilectionem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1964 ut supra dictum est. Et ideo necesse est ad beatitudinem ista tria
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1965 concurrere, scilicet visionem, quae est cognitio perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1966 intelligibilis finis; comprehensionem, quae importat praesentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1967 finis; delectationem, vel fruitionem, quae importat quietationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1968 rei amantis in amato.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="33627"><span class="ref">[33627] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1969 dicendum quod comprehensio dicitur dupliciter. Uno modo, inclusio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1970 comprehensi in comprehendente, et sic omne quod comprehenditur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1971 finito, est finitum. Unde hoc modo Deus non potest comprehendi ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1972 aliquo intellectu creato. Alio modo comprehensio nihil aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1973 nominat quam tentionem alicuius rei iam praesentialiter habitae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1974 sicut aliquis consequens aliquem, dicitur eum comprehendere quando
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1975 tenet eum. Et hoc modo comprehensio requiritur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="33628"><span class="ref">[33628] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1976 dicendum quod, sicut ad voluntatem pertinet spes et amor, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1977 eiusdem est amare aliquid et tendere in illud non habitum; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1978 etiam ad voluntatem pertinet et comprehensio et delectatio, quia
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1979 eiusdem est habere aliquid et quiescere in illo.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="33629"><span class="ref">[33629] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1980 dicendum quod comprehensio non est aliqua operatio praeter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1981 visionem, sed est quaedam habitudo ad finem iam habitum. Unde etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1982 ipsa visio, vel res visa secundum quod praesentialiter adest, est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1983 obiectum comprehensionis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="33630"><span class="ref">[33630] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1984 sic proceditur. Videtur quod rectitudo voluntatis non requiratur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1985 beatitudinem. Beatitudo enim essentialiter consistit in operatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1986 intellectus, ut dictum est. Sed ad perfectam intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1987 operationem non requiritur rectitudo voluntatis, per quam homines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1988 mundi dicuntur, dicit enim Augustinus, in libro Retract., <i>non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1989 approbo quod in oratione dixi, Deus qui non nisi mundos verum scire
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1990 voluisti. Responderi enim potest multos etiam non mundos multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1991 scire vera</i>. Ergo rectitudo voluntatis non requiritur ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1992 beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="33631"><span class="ref">[33631] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1993 prius non dependet a posteriori. Sed operatio intellectus est prior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1994 quam operatio voluntatis. Ergo beatitudo, quae est perfecta
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1995 operatio intellectus, non dependet a rectitudine voluntatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="33632"><span class="ref">[33632] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1996 quod ordinatur ad aliquid tanquam ad finem, non est necessarium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1997 adepto iam fine, sicut navis postquam pervenitur ad portum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1998 rectitudo voluntatis, quae est per virtutem, ordinatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1999 beatitudinem tanquam ad finem. Ergo, adepta beatitudine, non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2000 necessaria rectitudo voluntatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 s. c."><a name="33633"><span class="ref">[33633] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2001 est quod dicitur Matth. V, <i>beati mundo corde, quoniam ipsi Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2002 videbunt</i>. Et Heb. XII, <i>pacem sequimini cum omnibus, et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2003 sanctimoniam, sine qua nemo videbit Deum</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 co."><a name="33634"><span class="ref">[33634] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2004 dicendum quod rectitudo voluntatis requiritur ad beatitudinem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2005 antecedenter et concomitanter. Antecedenter quidem, quia rectitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2006 voluntatis est per debitum ordinem ad finem ultimum. Finis autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2007 comparatur ad id quod ordinatur ad finem, sicut forma ad materiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2008 Unde sicut materia non potest consequi formam, nisi sit debito modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2009 disposita ad ipsam, ita nihil consequitur finem, nisi sit debito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2010 modo ordinatum ad ipsum. Et ideo nullus potest ad beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2011 pervenire, nisi habeat rectitudinem voluntatis. Concomitanter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2012 autem, quia, sicut dictum est, beatitudo ultima consistit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2013 visione divinae essentiae, quae est ipsa essentia bonitatis. Et ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2014 voluntas videntis Dei essentiam, ex necessitate amat quidquid amat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2015 sub ordine ad Deum; sicut voluntas non videntis Dei essentiam, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2016 necessitate amat quidquid amat, sub communi ratione boni quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2017 novit. Et hoc ipsum est quod facit voluntatem rectam. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2018 manifestum est quod beatitudo non potest esse sine recta
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2019 voluntate.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="33635"><span class="ref">[33635] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2020 dicendum quod Augustinus loquitur de cognitione veri quod non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2021 ipsa essentia bonitatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="33636"><span class="ref">[33636] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2022 dicendum quod omnis actus voluntatis praeceditur ab aliquo actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2023 intellectus, aliquis tamen actus voluntatis est prior quam aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2024 actus intellectus. Voluntas enim tendit in finalem actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2025 intellectus, qui est beatitudo. Et ideo recta inclinatio voluntatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2026 praeexigitur ad beatitudinem, sicut rectus motus sagittae ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2027 percussionem signi.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="33637"><span class="ref">[33637] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2028 dicendum quod non omne quod ordinatur ad finem, cessat adveniente
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2029 fine, sed id tantum quod se habet in ratione imperfectionis, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2030 motus. Unde instrumenta motus non sunt necessaria postquam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2031 pervenitur ad finem, sed debitus ordo ad finem est necessarius.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="33638"><span class="ref">[33638] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2032 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad beatitudinem requiratur corpus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2033 Perfectio enim virtutis et gratiae praesupponit perfectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2034 naturae. Sed beatitudo est perfectio virtutis et gratiae. Anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2035 autem sine corpore non habet perfectionem naturae, cum sit pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2036 naturaliter humanae naturae, omnis autem pars est imperfecta a suo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2037 toto separata. Ergo anima sine corpore non potest esse beata.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="33639"><span class="ref">[33639] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2038 beatitudo est operatio quaedam perfecta, ut supra dictum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2039 operatio perfecta sequitur esse perfectum, quia nihil operatur nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2040 secundum quod est ens in actu. Cum ergo anima non habeat esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2041 perfectum quando est a corpore separata, sicut nec aliqua pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2042 quando separata est a toto; videtur quod anima sine corpore non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2043 possit esse beata.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="33640"><span class="ref">[33640] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2044 beatitudo est perfectio hominis. Sed anima sine corpore non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2045 homo. Ergo beatitudo non potest esse in anima sine corpore.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 arg. 4"><a name="33641"><span class="ref">[33641] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2046 secundum philosophum, in VII Ethic., felicitatis operatio, in qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2047 consistit beatitudo, est non impedita. Sed operatio animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2048 separatae est impedita, quia, ut dicit Augustinus XII super Gen. ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2049 Litt., <i>inest ei naturalis quidam appetitus corpus administrandi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2050 quo appetitu retardatur quodammodo ne tota intentione pergat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2051 illud summum caelum</i>, idest in visionem essentiae divinae. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2052 anima sine corpore non potest esse beata.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 arg. 5"><a name="33642"><span class="ref">[33642] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2053 beatitudo est sufficiens bonum, et quietat desiderium. Sed hoc non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2054 convenit animae separatae, quia adhuc appetit corporis unionem, ut
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2055 Augustinus dicit. Ergo anima separata a corpore non est beata.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 arg. 6"><a name="33643"><span class="ref">[33643] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 arg. 6</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2056 homo in beatitudine est Angelis aequalis. Sed anima sine corpore
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2057 non aequatur Angelis, ut Augustinus dicit. Ergo non est beata.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 s. c."><a name="33644"><span class="ref">[33644] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2058 est quod dicitur Apoc. XIV, <i>beati mortui qui in domino
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2059 moriuntur</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 co."><a name="33645"><span class="ref">[33645] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2060 dicendum quod duplex est beatitudo, una imperfecta, quae habetur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2061 hac vita; et alia perfecta, quae in Dei visione consistit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2062 Manifestum est autem quod ad beatitudinem huius vitae, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2063 necessitate requiritur corpus. Est enim beatitudo huius vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2064 operatio intellectus, vel speculativi vel practici. Operatio autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2065 intellectus in hac vita non potest esse sine phantasmate, quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2066 est nisi in organo corporeo, ut in primo habitum est. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2067 beatitudo quae in hac vita haberi potest, dependet quodammodo ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2068 corpore. Sed circa beatitudinem perfectam, quae in Dei visione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2069 consistit, aliqui posuerunt quod non potest animae advenire sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2070 corpore existenti; dicentes quod animae sanctorum a corporibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2071 separatae, ad illam beatitudinem non perveniunt usque ad diem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2072 iudicii, quando corpora resument. Quod quidem apparet esse falsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2073 et auctoritate, et ratione. Auctoritate quidem, quia apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2074 dicit, II ad Cor. V, <i>quandiu sumus in corpore, peregrinamur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2075 domino</i>; et quae sit ratio peregrinationis ostendit, subdens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2076 <i>per fidem enim ambulamus, et non per speciem</i>. Ex quo apparet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2077 quod quandiu aliquis ambulat per fidem et non per speciem, carens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2078 visione divinae essentiae, nondum est Deo praesens. Animae autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2079 sanctorum a corporibus separatae, sunt Deo praesentes, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2080 subditur, <i>audemus autem, et bonam voluntatem habemus peregrinari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2081 a corpore, et praesentes esse ad dominum</i>. Unde manifestum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2082 quod animae sanctorum separatae a corporibus, ambulant per speciem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2083 Dei essentiam videntes, in quo est vera beatitudo. Hoc etiam per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2084 rationem apparet. Nam intellectus ad suam operationem non indiget
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2085 corpore nisi propter phantasmata, in quibus veritatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2086 intelligibilem contuetur, ut in primo dictum est. Manifestum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2087 autem quod divina essentia per phantasmata videri non potest, ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2088 primo ostensum est. Unde, cum in visione divinae essentiae perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2089 hominis beatitudo consistat, non dependet beatitudo perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2090 hominis a corpore. Unde sine corpore potest anima esse beata. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2091 sciendum quod ad perfectionem alicuius rei dupliciter aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2092 pertinet. Uno modo, ad constituendam essentiam rei, sicut anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2093 requiritur ad perfectionem hominis. Alio modo requiritur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2094 perfectionem rei quod pertinet ad bene esse eius, sicut pulchritudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2095 corporis, et velocitas ingenii pertinet ad perfectionem hominis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2096 Quamvis ergo corpus primo modo ad perfectionem beatitudinis humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2097 non pertineat, pertinet tamen secundo modo. Cum enim operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2098 dependeat ex natura rei, quando anima perfectior erit in sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2099 natura, tanto perfectius habebit suam propriam operationem, in qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2100 felicitas consistit. Unde Augustinus, in XII super Gen. ad Litt.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2101 cum quaesivisset, <i>utrum spiritibus defunctorum sine corporibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2102 possit summa illa beatitudo praeberi</i>, respondet quod <i>non sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2103 possunt videre incommutabilem substantiam, ut sancti Angeli vident;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2104 sive alia latentiore causa, sive ideo quia est in eis naturalis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2105 quidam appetitus corpus administrandi</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="33646"><span class="ref">[33646] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2106 dicendum quod beatitudo est perfectio animae ex parte intellectus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2107 secundum quem anima transcendit corporis organa, non autem secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2108 quod est forma naturalis corporis. Et ideo illa naturae perfectio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2109 manet secundum quam ei beatitudo debetur, licet non maneat illa
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2110 naturae perfectio secundum quam est corporis forma.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="33647"><span class="ref">[33647] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2111 dicendum quod anima aliter se habet ad esse quam aliae partes. Nam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2112 esse totius non est alicuius suarum partium, unde vel pars omnino
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2113 desinit esse, destructo toto, sicut partes animalis destructo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2114 animali; vel, si remanent, habent aliud esse in actu, sicut pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2115 lineae habet aliud esse quam tota linea. Sed animae humanae remanet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2116 esse compositi post corporis destructionem, et hoc ideo, quia idem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2117 est esse formae et materia, et hoc est esse compositi. Anima autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2118 subsistit in suo esse, ut in primo ostensum est. Unde relinquitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2119 quod post separationem a corpore perfectum esse habeat, unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2120 perfectam operationem habere potest; licet non habeat perfectam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2121 naturam speciei.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="33648"><span class="ref">[33648] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2122 dicendum quod beatitudo est hominis secundum intellectum, et ideo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2123 remanente intellectu, potest inesse ei beatitudo. Sicut dentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2124 Aethiopis possunt esse albi, etiam post evulsionem, secundum quos
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2125 Aethiops dicitur albus.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 ad 4"><a name="33649"><span class="ref">[33649] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2126 dicendum quod dupliciter aliquid impeditur ab alio. Uno modo, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2127 modum contrarietatis, sicut frigus impedit actionem caloris, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2128 tale impedimentum operationis repugnat felicitati. Alio modo, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2129 modum cuiusdam defectus, quia scilicet res impedita non habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2130 quidquid ad omnimodam sui perfectionem requiritur, et tale
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2131 impedimentum operationis non repugnat felicitati, sed omnimodae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2132 perfectioni ipsius. Et sic separatio a corpore dicitur animam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2133 retardare, ne tota intentione tendat in visionem divinae essentiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2134 Appetit enim anima sic frui Deo, quod etiam ipsa fruitio derivetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2135 ad corpus per redundantiam, sicut est possibile. Et ideo quandiu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2136 ipsa fruitur Deo sine corpore, appetitus eius sic quiescit in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2137 quod habet, quod tamen adhuc ad participationem eius vellet suum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2138 corpus pertingere.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 ad 5"><a name="33650"><span class="ref">[33650] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2139 dicendum quod desiderium animae separatae totaliter quiescit ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2140 parte appetibilis, quia scilicet habet id quod suo appetitui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2141 sufficit. Sed non totaliter requiescit ex parte appetentis, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2142 illud bonum non possidet secundum omnem modum quo possidere vellet.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2143 Et ideo, corpore resumpto, beatitudo crescit non intensive, sed
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2144 extensive.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 5 ad 6"><a name="33651"><span class="ref">[33651] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 5 ad 6</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2145 dicendum quod id quod ibidem dicitur, quod <i>spiritus defunctorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2146 non sic vident Deum sicut Angeli</i>, non est intelligendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2147 secundum inaequalitatem quantitatis, quia etiam modo aliquae animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2148 beatorum sunt assumptae ad superiores ordines Angelorum, clarius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2149 videntes Deum quam inferiores Angeli. Sed intelligitur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2150 inaequalitatem proportionis, quia Angeli, etiam infimi, habent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2151 omnem perfectionem beatitudinis quam sunt habituri, non autem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2152 animae separatae sanctorum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="33652"><span class="ref">[33652] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2153 sic proceditur. Videtur quod perfectio corporis non requiratur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2154 beatitudinem hominis perfectam. Perfectio enim corporis est quoddam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2155 corporale bonum. Sed supra ostensum est quod beatitudo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2156 consistit in corporalibus bonis. Ergo ad beatitudinem hominis non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2157 requiritur aliqua perfecta dispositio corporis.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="33653"><span class="ref">[33653] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2158 beatitudo hominis consistit in visione divinae essentiae, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2159 ostensum est. Sed ad hanc operationem nihil exhibet corpus, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2160 dictum est. Ergo nulla dispositio corporis requiritur ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2161 beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="33654"><span class="ref">[33654] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2162 quanto intellectus est magis abstractus a corpore, tanto perfectius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2163 intelligit. Sed beatitudo consistit in perfectissima operatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2164 intellectus. Ergo oportet omnibus modis animam esse abstractam a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2165 corpore. Nullo ergo modo requiritur aliqua dispositio corporis ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2166 beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 s. c."><a name="33655"><span class="ref">[33655] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2167 praemium virtutis est beatitudo, unde dicitur Ioan. XIII, <i>beati
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2168 eritis, si feceritis ea</i>. Sed sanctis repromittitur pro praemio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2169 non solum visio Dei et delectatio, sed etiam corporis bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2170 dispositio, dicitur enim Isaiae ult., <i>videbitis, et gaudebit cor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2171 vestrum, et ossa vestra quasi herba germinabunt</i>. Ergo bona
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2172 dispositio corporis requiritur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 co."><a name="33656"><span class="ref">[33656] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2173 dicendum quod, si loquamur de beatitudine hominis qualis in hac
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2174 vita potest haberi, manifestum est quod ad eam ex necessitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2175 requiritur bona dispositio corporis. Consistit enim haec beatitudo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2176 secundum philosophum, in operatione virtutis perfectae. Manifestum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2177 est autem quod per invaletudinem corporis, in omni operatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2178 virtutis homo impediri potest. Sed si loquamur de beatitudine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2179 perfecta, sic quidam posuerunt quod non requiritur ad beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2180 aliqua corporis dispositio, immo requiritur ad eam ut omnino anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2181 sit a corpore separata. Unde Augustinus, XXII de Civ. Dei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2182 introducit verba Porphyrii dicentis quod <i>ad hoc quod beata sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2183 anima, omne corpus fugiendum est</i>. Sed hoc est inconveniens. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2184 enim naturale sit animae corpori uniri, non potest esse quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2185 perfectio animae naturalem eius perfectionem excludat. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2186 dicendum est quod ad beatitudinem omnibus modis perfectam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2187 requiritur perfecta dispositio corporis et antecedenter et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2188 consequenter. Antecedenter quidem, quia, ut Augustinus dicit XII
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2189 super Gen. ad Litt., <i>si tale sit corpus, cuius sit difficilis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2190 gravis administratio, sicut caro quae corrumpitur et aggravat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2191 animam, avertitur mens ab illa visione summi caeli</i>. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2192 concludit quod, <i>cum hoc corpus iam non erit animale, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2193 spirituale, tunc Angelis adaequabitur, et erit ei ad gloriam, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2194 sarcinae fuit</i>. Consequenter vero, quia ex beatitudine animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2195 fiet redundantia ad corpus, ut et ipsum sua perfectione potiatur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2196 Unde Augustinus dicit, in Epist. ad Dioscorum, <i>tam potenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2197 natura Deus fecit animam, ut ex eius plenissima beatitudine
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2198 redundet in inferiorem naturam incorruptionis vigor</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="33657"><span class="ref">[33657] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2199 dicendum quod in corporali bono non consistit beatitudo sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2200 obiecto beatitudinis, sed corporale bonum potest facere ad aliquem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2201 beatitudinis decorem vel perfectionem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="33658"><span class="ref">[33658] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2202 dicendum quod, etsi corpus nihil conferat ad illam operationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2203 intellectus qua Dei essentia videtur, tamen posset ab hac impedire.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2204 Et ideo requiritur perfectio corporis, ut non impediat elevationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2205 mentis.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="33659"><span class="ref">[33659] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2206 dicendum quod ad perfectam operationem intellectus requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2207 quidem abstractio ab hoc corruptibili corpore, quod aggravat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2208 animam, non autem a corpore spirituali, quod erit totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2209 spiritui subiectum, de quo in tertia parte huius operis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2210 dicetur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="33660"><span class="ref">[33660] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2211 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad beatitudinem requirantur etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2212 exteriora bona. Quod enim in praemium sanctis promittitur, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2213 beatitudinem pertinet. Sed sanctis repromittuntur exteriora bona,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2214 sicut cibus et potus, divitiae et regnum, dicitur enim Luc. XXII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2215 <i>ut edatis et bibatis super mensam meam in regno meo</i>; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2216 Matth. VI, <i>thesaurizate vobis thesauros in caelo</i>; et Matth.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2217 XXV, <i>venite, benedicti patris mei, possidete regnum</i>. Ergo ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2218 beatitudinem requiruntur exteriora bona.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="33661"><span class="ref">[33661] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2219 secundum Boetium, in III de Consol., <i>beatitudo est status omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2220 bonorum aggregatione perfectus</i>. Sed exteriora sunt aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2221 hominis bona, licet minima, ut Augustinus dicit. Ergo ipsa etiam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2222 requiruntur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="33662"><span class="ref">[33662] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2223 dominus, Matth. V, dicit, <i>merces vestra multa est in caelis</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2224 Sed esse in caelis significat esse in loco. Ergo saltem locus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2225 exterior requiritur ad beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 s. c."><a name="33663"><span class="ref">[33663] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2226 est quod dicitur in Psalmo LXXII, <i>quid enim mihi est in caelo?
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2227 Et a te quid volui super terram?</i> Quasi dicat, nihil aliud volo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2228 nisi hoc quod sequitur, <i>mihi adhaerere Deo bonum est</i>. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2229 nihil aliud exterius ad beatitudinem requiritur.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 co."><a name="33664"><span class="ref">[33664] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2230 dicendum quod ad beatitudinem imperfectam, qualis in hac vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2231 potest haberi, requiruntur exteriora bona, non quasi de essentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2232 beatitudinis existentia, sed quasi instrumentaliter deservientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2233 beatitudini, quae consistit in operatione virtutis, ut dicitur in I
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2234 Ethic. Indiget enim homo in hac vita necessariis corporis tam ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2235 operationem virtutis contemplativae quam etiam ad operationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2236 virtutis activae, ad quam etiam plura alia requiruntur, quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2237 exerceat opera activae virtutis. Sed ad beatitudinem perfectam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2238 quae in visione Dei consistit, nullo modo huiusmodi bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2239 requiruntur. Cuius ratio est quia omnia huiusmodi bona exteriora
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2240 vel requiruntur ad sustentationem animalis corporis; vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2241 requiruntur ad aliquas operationes quas per animale corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2242 exercemus, quae humanae vitae conveniunt. Illa autem perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2243 beatitudo quae in visione Dei consistit, vel erit in anima sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2244 corpore; vel erit in anima corpori unita non iam animali, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2245 spirituali. Et ideo nullo modo huiusmodi exteriora bona requiruntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2246 ad illam beatitudinem, cum ordinentur ad vitam animalem. Et quia in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2247 hac vita magis accedit ad similitudinem illius perfectae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2248 beatitudinis felicitas contemplativa quam activa, utpote etiam Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2249 similior, ut ex dictis patet; ideo minus indiget huiusmodi bonis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2250 corporis, ut dicitur in X Ethic.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="33665"><span class="ref">[33665] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2251 dicendum quod omnes illae corporales promissiones quae in sacra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2252 Scriptura continentur, sunt metaphorice intelligendae, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2253 quod in Scripturis solent spiritualia per corporalia designari,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2254 <i>ut ex his quae novimus, ad desiderandum incognita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2255 consurgamus</i>, sicut Gregorius dicit in quadam homilia. Sicut per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2256 cibum et potum intelligitur delectatio beatitudinis; per divitias,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2257 sufficientia qua homini sufficiet Deus; per regnum, exaltatio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2258 hominis usque ad coniunctionem cum Deo.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="33666"><span class="ref">[33666] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2259 dicendum quod bona ista deservientia animali vitae, non competunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2260 vitae spirituali in qua beatitudo perfecta consistit. Et tamen erit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2261 in illa beatitudine omnium bonorum congregatio, quia quidquid boni
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2262 invenitur in istis, totum habebitur in summo fonte bonorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="33667"><span class="ref">[33667] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2263 dicendum quod, secundum Augustinum in libro de Serm. Dom. in monte,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2264 merces sanctorum non dicitur esse in corporeis caelis, sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2265 caelos intelligitur altitudo spiritualium bonorum. Nihilominus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2266 tamen locus corporeus, scilicet caelum Empyreum, aderit beatis, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2267 propter necessitatem beatitudinis, sed secundum quandam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2268 congruentiam et decorem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="33668"><span class="ref">[33668] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2269 sic proceditur. Videtur quod amici sint necessarii ad beatitudinem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2270 Futura enim beatitudo in Scripturis frequenter nomine gloriae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2271 designatur. Sed gloria consistit in hoc quod bonum hominis ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2272 notitiam multorum deducitur. Ergo ad beatitudinem requiritur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2273 societas amicorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="33669"><span class="ref">[33669] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2274 Boetius dicit quod <i>nullius boni sine consortio iucunda est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2275 possessio</i>. Sed ad beatitudinem requiritur delectatio. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2276 etiam requiritur societas amicorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="33670"><span class="ref">[33670] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2277 caritas in beatitudine perficitur. Sed caritas se extendit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2278 dilectionem Dei et proximi. Ergo videtur quod ad beatitudinem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2279 requiratur societas amicorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 s. c."><a name="33671"><span class="ref">[33671] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2280 est quod dicitur Sap. VII, <i>venerunt mihi omnia bona pariter cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2281 illa</i>, scilicet cum divina sapientia, quae consistit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2282 contemplatione Dei. Et sic ad beatitudinem nihil aliud
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2283 requiritur.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 co."><a name="33672"><span class="ref">[33672] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2284 dicendum quod, si loquamur de felicitate praesentis vitae, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2285 philosophus dicit in IX Ethic., felix indiget amicis, non quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2286 propter utilitatem, cum sit sibi sufficiens; nec propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2287 delectationem, quia habet in seipso delectationem perfectam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2288 operatione virtutis; sed propter bonam operationem, ut scilicet eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2289 benefaciat, et ut eos inspiciens benefacere delectetur, et ut etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2290 ab eis in benefaciendo adiuvetur. Indiget enim homo ad bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2291 operandum auxilio amicorum, tam in operibus vitae activae, quam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2292 operibus vitae contemplativae. Sed si loquamur de perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2293 beatitudine quae erit in patria, non requiritur societas amicorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2294 de necessitate ad beatitudinem, quia homo habet totam plenitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2295 suae perfectionis in Deo. Sed ad bene esse beatitudinis facit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2296 societas amicorum. Unde Augustinus dicit, VIII super Gen. ad Litt.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2297 quod <i>creatura spiritualis, ad hoc quod beata sit, non nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2298 intrinsecus adiuvatur aeternitate, veritate, caritate creatoris.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2299 Extrinsecus vero, si adiuvari dicenda est, fortasse hoc solo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2300 adiuvatur, quod invicem vident, et de sua societate gaudent in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2301 Deo</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="33673"><span class="ref">[33673] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2302 dicendum quod gloria quae est essentialis beatitudini, est quam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2303 habet homo non apud hominem, sed apud Deum.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="33674"><span class="ref">[33674] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2304 dicendum quod verbum illud intelligitur, quando in eo bono quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2305 habetur, non est plena sufficientia. Quod in proposito dici non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2306 potest, quia omnis boni sufficientiam habet homo in Deo.</p><p title="I-II q. 4 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="33675"><span class="ref">[33675] Iª-IIae q. 4 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2307 dicendum quod perfectio caritatis est essentialis beatitudini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2308 quantum ad dilectionem Dei, non autem quantum ad dilectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2309 proximi. Unde si esset una sola anima fruens Deo, beata esset, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2310 habens proximum quem diligeret. Sed supposito proximo, sequitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2311 dilectio eius ex perfecta dilectione Dei. Unde quasi concomitanter
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2312 se habet amicitia ad beatitudinem perfectam.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q5"><h2>Quaestio 5</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 pr."><a name="33676"><span class="ref">[33676]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2313 Iª-IIae q. 5 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de ipsa
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2314 adeptione beatitudinis. Et circa hoc quaeruntur octo. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2315 homo possit consequi beatitudinem. Secundo, utrum unus homo possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2316 esse alio beatior. Tertio, utrum aliquis possit esse in hac vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2317 beatus. Quarto, utrum beatitudo habita possit amitti. Quinto,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2318 utrum, homo per sua naturalia possit acquirere beatitudinem. Sexto,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2319 utrum homo consequatur beatitudinem per actionem alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2320 superioris creaturae. Septimo, utrum requirantur opera hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2321 aliqua ad hoc quod homo beatitudinem consequatur a Deo. Octavo,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2322 utrum omnis homo appetat beatitudinem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="33677"><span class="ref">[33677] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2323 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo beatitudinem adipisci non possit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2324 Sicut enim natura rationalis est supra sensibilem ita natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2325 intellectualis est supra rationalem ut patet per Dionysium in libro
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2326 de Div. Nom., in multis locis. Sed bruta animalia, quae habent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2327 naturam sensibilem tantum, non possunt pervenire ad finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2328 rationalis naturae. Ergo nec homo, qui est rationalis naturae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2329 potest pervenire ad finem intellectualis naturae, qui est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2330 beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="33678"><span class="ref">[33678] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2331 beatitudo vera consistit in visione Dei, qui est veritas pura. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2332 homini est connaturale ut veritatem intueatur in rebus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2333 materialibus, unde species intelligibiles in phantasmatibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2334 intelligit, ut dicitur in III de anima. Ergo non potest ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2335 beatitudinem pervenire.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="33679"><span class="ref">[33679] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2336 beatitudo consistit in adeptione summi boni. Sed aliquis non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2337 pervenire ad summum, nisi transcendat media. Cum igitur inter Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2338 et naturam humanam media sit natura angelica, quam homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2339 transcendere non potest; videtur quod non possit beatitudinem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2340 adipisci.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 s. c."><a name="33680"><span class="ref">[33680] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2341 est quod dicitur in Psalmo XCIII, <i>beatus homo quem tu erudieris,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2342 domine</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 co."><a name="33681"><span class="ref">[33681] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2343 dicendum quod beatitudo nominat adeptionem perfecti boni. Quicumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2344 ergo est capax perfecti boni, potest ad beatitudinem pervenire.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2345 Quod autem homo perfecti boni sit capax, ex hoc apparet, quia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2346 eius intellectus apprehendere potest universale et perfectum bonum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2347 et eius voluntas appetere illud. Et ideo homo potest beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2348 adipisci. Apparet etiam idem ex hoc quod homo est capax visionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2349 divinae essentiae, sicut in primo habitum est; in qua quidem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2350 visione perfectam hominis beatitudinem consistere diximus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="33682"><span class="ref">[33682] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2351 dicendum quod aliter excedit natura rationalis sensitivam, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2352 aliter intellectualis rationalem. Natura enim rationalis excedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2353 sensitivam quantum ad cognitionis obiectum, quia sensus nullo modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2354 potest cognoscere universale, cuius ratio est cognoscitiva. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2355 intellectualis natura excedit rationalem quantum ad modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2356 cognoscendi eandem intelligibilem veritatem, nam intellectualis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2357 natura statim apprehendit veritatem, ad quam rationalis natura per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2358 inquisitionem rationis pertingit, ut patet ex his quae in primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2359 dicta sunt. Et ideo ad id quod intellectus apprehendit, ratio per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2360 quendam motum pertingit. Unde rationalis natura consequi potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2361 beatitudinem, quae est perfectio intellectualis naturae, tamen alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2362 modo quam Angeli. Nam Angeli consecuti sunt eam statim post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2363 principium suae conditionis, homines autem per tempus ad ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2364 perveniunt. Sed natura sensitiva ad hunc finem nullo modo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2365 pertingere potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="33683"><span class="ref">[33683] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2366 dicendum quod homini, secundum statum praesentis vitae, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2367 connaturalis modus cognoscendi veritatem intelligibilem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2368 phantasmata. Sed post huius vitae statum, habet alium modum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2369 connaturalem, ut in primo dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="33684"><span class="ref">[33684] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2370 dicendum quod homo non potest transcendere Angelos gradu naturae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2371 ut scilicet naturaliter sit eis superior. Potest tamen eos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2372 transcendere per operationem intellectus, dum intelligit aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2373 super Angelos esse, quod homines beatificat; quod cum perfecte
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2374 consequetur, perfecte beatus erit.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="33685"><span class="ref">[33685] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2375 sic proceditur. Videtur quod unus homo alio non possit esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2376 beatior. Beatitudo enim est praemium virtutis, ut philosophus dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2377 in I Ethic. Sed pro operibus virtutum omnibus aequalis merces
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2378 redditur, dicitur enim Matth. XX, quod omnes qui operati sunt in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2379 vinea, acceperunt singulos denarios; quia, ut dicit Gregorius,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2380 <i>aequalem aeternae vitae retributionem sortiti sunt</i>. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2381 unus non erit alio beatior.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="33686"><span class="ref">[33686] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2382 beatitudo est summum bonum. Sed summo non potest esse aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2383 maius. Ergo beatitudine unius hominis non potest esse alia maior
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2384 beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="33687"><span class="ref">[33687] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2385 beatitudo, cum sit perfectum et sufficiens bonum, desiderium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2386 hominis quietat. Sed non quietatur desiderium, si aliquod bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2387 deest quod suppleri possit. Si autem nihil deest quod suppleri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2388 possit, non poterit esse aliquid aliud maius bonum. Ergo vel homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2389 non est beatus, vel, si est beatus, non potest alia maior beatitudo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2390 esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 s. c."><a name="33688"><span class="ref">[33688] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2391 est quod dicitur Ioan. XIV, <i>in domo patris mei mansiones multae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2392 sunt</i>; per quas, ut Augustinus dicit, <i>diversae meritorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2393 dignitates intelliguntur in vita aeterna</i>. Dignitas autem vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2394 aeternae, quae pro merito datur, est ipsa beatitudo. Ergo sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2395 diversi gradus beatitudinis, et non omnium est aequalis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2396 beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 co."><a name="33689"><span class="ref">[33689] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2397 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, in ratione beatitudinis duo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2398 includuntur, scilicet ipse finis ultimus, qui est summum bonum; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2399 adeptio vel fruitio ipsius boni. Quantum igitur ad ipsum bonum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2400 est beatitudinis obiectum et causa, non potest esse una beatitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2401 alia maior, quia non est nisi unum summum bonum, scilicet Deus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2402 cuius fruitione homines sunt beati. Sed quantum ad adeptionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2403 huiusmodi boni vel fruitionem, potest aliquis alio esse beatior,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2404 quia quanto magis hoc bono fruitur, tanto beatior est. Contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2405 autem aliquem perfectius frui Deo quam alium, ex eo quod est melius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2406 dispositus vel ordinatus ad eius fruitionem. Et secundum hoc potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2407 aliquis alio beatior esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="33690"><span class="ref">[33690] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2408 dicendum quod unitas denarii significat unitatem beatitudinis ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2409 parte obiecti. Sed diversitas mansionum significat diversitatem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2410 beatitudinis secundum diversum gradum fruitionis.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="33691"><span class="ref">[33691] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2411 dicendum quod beatitudo dicitur esse summum bonum, inquantum est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2412 summi boni perfecta possessio sive fruitio.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="33692"><span class="ref">[33692] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2413 dicendum quod nulli beato deest aliquod bonum desiderandum, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2414 habeat ipsum bonum infinitum, quod est bonum omnis boni, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2415 Augustinus dicit. Sed dicitur aliquis alio beatior, ex diversa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2416 eiusdem boni participatione. Additio autem aliorum bonorum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2417 auget beatitudinem, unde Augustinus dicit, in V Confess., <i>qui te
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2418 et alia novit, non propter illa beatior, sed propter te solum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2419 beatus</i>.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="33693"><span class="ref">[33693] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2420 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo possit in hac vita haberi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2421 Dicitur enim in Psalmo CXVIII, <i>beati immaculati in via, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2422 ambulant in lege domini</i>. Hoc autem in hac vita contingit. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2423 aliquis in hac vita potest esse beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="33694"><span class="ref">[33694] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2424 imperfecta participatio summi boni non adimit rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2425 beatitudinis, alioquin unus non esset alio beatior. Sed in hac vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2426 homines possunt participare summum bonum, cognoscendo et amando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2427 Deum, licet imperfecte. Ergo homo in hac vita potest esse
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2428 beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="33695"><span class="ref">[33695] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2429 quod a pluribus dicitur, non potest totaliter falsum esse, videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2430 enim esse naturale quod in pluribus est; natura autem non totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2431 deficit. Sed plures ponunt beatitudinem in hac vita, ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2432 illud Psalmi CXLIII, <i>beatum dixerunt populum cui haec sunt</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2433 scilicet praesentis vitae bona. Ergo aliquis in hac vita potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2434 esse beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 s. c."><a name="33696"><span class="ref">[33696] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2435 est quod dicitur Iob XIV, <i>homo natus de muliere, brevi vivens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2436 tempore, repletur multis miseriis</i>. Sed beatitudo excludit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2437 miseriam. Ergo homo in hac vita non potest esse beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 co."><a name="33697"><span class="ref">[33697] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2438 dicendum quod aliqualis beatitudinis participatio in hac vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2439 haberi potest, perfecta autem et vera beatitudo non potest haberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2440 in hac vita. Et hoc quidem considerari potest dupliciter. Primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2441 quidem, ex ipsa communi beatitudinis ratione. Nam beatitudo, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2442 sit perfectum et sufficiens bonum, omne malum excludit, et omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2443 desiderium implet. In hac autem vita non potest omne malum excludi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2444 Multis enim malis praesens vita subiacet, quae vitari non possunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2445 et ignorantiae ex parte intellectus, et inordinatae affectioni ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2446 parte appetitus, et multiplicibus poenalitatibus ex parte corporis;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2447 ut Augustinus diligenter prosequitur XIX de Civ. Dei. Similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2448 etiam desiderium boni in hac vita satiari non potest. Naturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2449 enim homo desiderat permanentiam eius boni quod habet. Bona autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2450 praesentis vitae transitoria sunt, cum et ipsa vita transeat, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2451 naturaliter desideramus, et eam perpetuo permanere vellemus, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2452 naturaliter homo refugit mortem. Unde impossibile est quod in hac
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2453 vita vera beatitudo habeatur. Secundo, si consideretur id in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2454 specialiter beatitudo consistit, scilicet visio divinae essentiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2455 quae non potest homini provenire in hac vita, ut in primo ostensum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2456 est. Ex quibus manifeste apparet quod non potest aliquis in hac
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2457 vita veram et perfectam beatitudinem adipisci.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="33698"><span class="ref">[33698] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2458 dicendum quod beati dicuntur aliqui in hac vita, vel propter spem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2459 beatitudinis adipiscendae in futura vita, secundum illud Rom. VIII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2460 <i>spe salvi facti sumus</i>, vel propter aliquam participationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2461 beatitudinis, secundum aliqualem summi boni fruitionem.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="33699"><span class="ref">[33699] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2462 dicendum quod participatio beatitudinis potest esse imperfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2463 dupliciter. Uno modo, ex parte ipsius obiecti beatitudinis, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2464 quidem secundum sui essentiam non videtur. Et talis imperfectio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2465 tollit rationem verae beatitudinis. Alio modo potest esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2466 imperfecta ex parte ipsius participantis, qui quidem ad ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2467 obiectum beatitudinis secundum seipsum attingit, scilicet Deum, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2468 imperfecte, per respectum ad modum quo Deus seipso fruitur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2469 talis imperfectio non tollit veram rationem beatitudinis, quia, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2470 beatitudo sit operatio quaedam, ut supra dictum est, vera ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2471 beatitudinis, consideratur ex obiecto, quod dat speciem actui, non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2472 autem ex subiecto.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="33700"><span class="ref">[33700] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2473 dicendum quod homines reputant in hac vita esse aliquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2474 beatitudinem, propter aliquam similitudinem verae beatitudinis. Et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2475 sic non ex toto in sua aestimatione deficiunt.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="33701"><span class="ref">[33701] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2476 sic proceditur. Videtur quod beatitudo possit amitti. Beatitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2477 enim est perfectio quaedam. Sed omnis perfectio inest perfectibili
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2478 secundum modum ipsius. Cum igitur homo secundum suam naturam sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2479 mutabilis, videtur quod beatitudo mutabiliter ab homine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2480 participetur. Et ita videtur quod homo beatitudinem possit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2481 amittere.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="33702"><span class="ref">[33702] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2482 beatitudo consistit in actione intellectus, qui subiacet voluntati.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2483 Sed voluntas se habet ad opposita. Ergo videtur quod possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2484 desistere ab operatione qua homo beatificatur, et ita homo desinet
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2485 esse beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="33703"><span class="ref">[33703] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2486 principio respondet finis. Sed beatitudo hominis habet principium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2487 quia homo non semper fuit beatus. Ergo videtur quod habeat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2488 finem.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 s. c."><a name="33704"><span class="ref">[33704] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2489 est quod dicitur Matth. XXV, de iustis, quod ibunt in vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2490 aeternam; quae, ut dictum est, est beatitudo sanctorum. Quod autem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2491 est aeternum, non deficit. Ergo beatitudo non potest amitti.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 co."><a name="33705"><span class="ref">[33705] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2492 dicendum quod, si loquamur de beatitudine imperfecta, qualis in hac
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2493 vita potest haberi, sic potest amitti. Et hoc patet in felicitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2494 contemplativa, quae amittitur vel per oblivionem, puta cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2495 corrumpitur scientia ex aliqua aegritudine; vel etiam per aliquas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2496 occupationes, quibus totaliter abstrahitur aliquis a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2497 contemplatione. Patet etiam idem in felicitate activa, voluntas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2498 enim hominis transmutari potest, ut in vitium degeneret a virtute,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2499 in cuius actu principaliter consistit felicitas. Si autem virtus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2500 remaneat integra, exteriores transmutationes possunt quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2501 beatitudinem talem perturbare, inquantum impediunt multas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2502 operationes virtutum, non tamen possunt eam totaliter auferre, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2503 adhuc remanet operatio virtutis, dum ipsas adversitates homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2504 laudabiliter sustinet. Et quia beatitudo huius vitae amitti potest,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2505 quod videtur esse contra rationem beatitudinis; ideo philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2506 dicit, in I Ethic., aliquos esse in hac vita beatos, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2507 simpliciter, sed sicut homines quorum natura mutationi subiecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2508 est. Si vero loquamur de beatitudine perfecta quae expectatur post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2509 hanc vitam, sciendum est quod Origenes posuit, quorundam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2510 Platonicorum errorem sequens, quod post ultimam beatitudinem homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2511 potest fieri miser. Sed hoc manifeste apparet esse falsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2512 dupliciter. Primo quidem, ex ipsa communi ratione beatitudinis. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2513 enim ipsa beatitudo sit perfectum bonum et sufficiens, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2514 desiderium hominis quietet, et omne malum excludat. Naturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2515 autem homo desiderat retinere bonum quod habet, et quod eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2516 retinendi securitatem obtineat, alioquin necesse est quod timore
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2517 amittendi, vel dolore de certitudine amissionis, affligatur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2518 Requiritur igitur ad veram beatitudinem quod homo certam habeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2519 opinionem bonum quod habet, nunquam se amissurum. Quae quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2520 opinio si vera sit, consequens est quod beatitudinem nunquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2521 amittet. Si autem falsa sit, hoc ipsum est quoddam malum, falsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2522 opinionem habere, nam falsum est malum intellectus, sicut verum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2523 bonum ipsius, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Non igitur iam vere erit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2524 beatus, si aliquod malum ei inest. Secundo idem apparet, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2525 consideretur ratio beatitudinis in speciali. Ostensum est enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2526 supra quod perfecta beatitudo hominis in visione divinae essentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2527 consistit. Est autem impossibile quod aliquis videns divinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2528 essentiam, velit eam non videre. Quia omne bonum habitum quo quis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2529 carere vult, aut est insufficiens, et quaeritur aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2530 sufficientius loco eius, aut habet aliquod incommodum annexum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2531 propter quod in fastidium venit. Visio autem divinae essentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2532 replet animam omnibus bonis, cum coniungat fonti totius bonitatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2533 unde dicitur in Psalmo XVI, <i>satiabor cum apparuerit gloria
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2534 tua</i>; et Sap. VII, dicitur, <i>venerunt mihi omnia bona pariter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2535 cum illa</i>, scilicet cum contemplatione sapientiae. Similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2536 etiam non habet aliquod incommodum adiunctum, quia de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2537 contemplatione sapientiae dicitur, Sap. VIII, <i>non habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2538 amaritudinem conversatio illius, nec taedium convictus eius</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2539 Sic ergo patet quod propria voluntate beatus non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2540 beatitudinem deserere. Similiter etiam non potest eam perdere, Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2541 subtrahente. Quia, cum subtractio beatitudinis sit quaedam poena,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2542 non potest talis subtractio a Deo, iusto iudice, provenire, nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2543 pro aliqua culpa, in quam cadere non potest qui Dei essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2544 videt, cum ad hanc visionem ex necessitate sequatur rectitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2545 voluntatis, ut supra ostensum est. Similiter etiam nec aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2546 aliud agens potest eam subtrahere. Quia mens Deo coniuncta super
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2547 omnia alia elevatur; et sic ab huiusmodi coniunctione nullum aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2548 agens potest ipsam excludere. Unde inconveniens videtur quod per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2549 quasdam alternationes temporum transeat homo de beatitudine ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2550 miseriam, et e converso, quia huiusmodi temporales alternationes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2551 esse non possunt, nisi circa ea quae subiacent tempori et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2552 motui.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="33706"><span class="ref">[33706] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2553 dicendum quod beatitudo est perfectio consummata, quae omnem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2554 defectum excludit a beato. Et ideo absque mutabilitate advenit eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2555 habenti, faciente hoc virtute divina, quae hominem sublevat in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2556 participationem aeternitatis transcendentis omnem mutationem.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="33707"><span class="ref">[33707] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2557 dicendum quod voluntas ad opposita se habet in his quae ad finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2558 ordinantur, sed ad ultimum finem naturali necessitate ordinatur.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2559 Quod patet ex hoc, quod homo non potest non velle esse beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="33708"><span class="ref">[33708] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2560 dicendum quod beatitudo habet principium ex conditione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2561 participantis, sed caret fine, propter conditionem boni cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2562 participatio facit beatum. Unde ab alio est initium beatitudinis;
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2563 et ab alio est quod caret fine.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="33709"><span class="ref">[33709] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2564 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo per sua naturalia possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2565 beatitudinem consequi. Natura enim non deficit in necessariis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2566 nihil est homini tam necessarium quam id per quod finem ultimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2567 consequitur. Ergo hoc naturae humanae non deest. Potest igitur homo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2568 per sua naturalia beatitudinem consequi.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="33710"><span class="ref">[33710] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2569 homo, cum sit nobilior irrationalibus creaturis, videtur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2570 sufficientior. Sed irrationales creaturae per sua naturalia possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2571 consequi suos fines. Ergo multo magis homo per sua naturalia potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2572 beatitudinem consequi.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="33711"><span class="ref">[33711] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2573 beatitudo est operatio perfecta, secundum philosophum. Eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2574 autem est incipere rem, et perficere ipsam. Cum igitur operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2575 imperfecta, quae est quasi principium in operationibus humanis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2576 subdatur naturali hominis potestati, qua suorum actuum est dominus;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2577 videtur quod per naturalem potentiam possit pertingere ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2578 operationem perfectam, quae est beatitudo.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 s. c."><a name="33712"><span class="ref">[33712] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2579 homo est principium naturaliter actuum suorum per intellectum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2580 voluntatem. Sed ultima beatitudo sanctis praeparata, excedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2581 intellectum hominis et voluntatem, dicit enim apostolus, I ad Cor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2582 II, <i>oculus non vidit, et auris non audivit, et in cor hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2583 non ascendit, quae praeparavit Deus diligentibus se</i>. Ergo homo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2584 per sua naturalia non potest beatitudinem consequi.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 co."><a name="33713"><span class="ref">[33713] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2585 dicendum quod beatitudo imperfecta quae in hac vita haberi potest,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2586 potest ab homine acquiri per sua naturalia, eo modo quo et virtus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2587 in cuius operatione consistit, de quo infra dicetur. Sed beatitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2588 hominis perfecta, sicut supra dictum est, consistit in visione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2589 divinae essentiae. Videre autem Deum per essentiam est supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2590 naturam non solum hominis, sed etiam omnis creaturae, ut in primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2591 ostensum est. Naturalis enim cognitio cuiuslibet creaturae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2592 secundum modum substantiae eius, sicut de intelligentia dicitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2593 libro de causis, quod <i>cognoscit ea quae sunt supra se, et ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2594 quae sunt infra se, secundum modum substantiae suae</i>. Omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2595 autem cognitio quae est secundum modum substantiae creatae, deficit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2596 a visione divinae essentiae, quae in infinitum excedit omnem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2597 substantiam creatam. Unde nec homo, nec aliqua creatura, potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2598 consequi beatitudinem ultimam per sua naturalia.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="33714"><span class="ref">[33714] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2599 dicendum quod, sicut natura non deficit homini in necessariis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2600 quamvis non dederit sibi arma et tegumenta sicut aliis animalibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2601 quia dedit ei rationem et manus, quibus possit haec sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2602 conquirere; ita nec deficit homini in necessariis, quamvis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2603 daret sibi aliquod principium quo posset beatitudinem consequi; hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2604 enim erat impossibile. Sed dedit ei liberum arbitrium, quo possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2605 converti ad Deum, qui eum faceret beatum. <i>Quae enim per amicos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2606 possumus, per nos aliqualiter possumus</i>, ut dicitur in III
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2607 Ethic.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="33715"><span class="ref">[33715] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2608 dicendum quod nobilioris conditionis est natura quae potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2609 consequi perfectum bonum, licet indigeat exteriori auxilio ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2610 consequendum, quam natura quae non potest consequi perfectum bonum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2611 sed consequitur quoddam bonum imperfectum, licet ad consecutionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2612 eius non indigeat exteriori auxilio, ut philosophus dicit in II de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2613 caelo. Sicut melius est dispositus ad sanitatem qui potest consequi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2614 perfectam sanitatem, licet hoc sit per auxilium medicinae; quam qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2615 solum potest consequi quandam imperfectam sanitatem, sine medicinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2616 auxilio. Et ideo creatura rationalis, quae potest consequi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2617 perfectum beatitudinis bonum, indigens ad hoc divino auxilio, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2618 perfectior quam creatura irrationalis, quae huiusmodi boni non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2619 capax, sed quoddam imperfectum bonum consequitur virtute suae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2620 naturae.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="33716"><span class="ref">[33716] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2621 dicendum quod, quando imperfectum et perfectum sunt eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2622 speciei, ab eadem virtute causari possunt. Non autem hoc est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2623 necesse, si sunt alterius speciei, non enim quidquid potest causare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2624 dispositionem materiae, potest ultimam perfectionem conferre.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2625 Imperfecta autem operatio, quae subiacet naturali hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2626 potestati, non est eiusdem speciei cum operatione illa perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2627 quae est hominis beatitudo, cum operationis species dependeat ex
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2628 obiecto. Unde ratio non sequitur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="33717"><span class="ref">[33717] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2629 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit fieri beatus per actionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2630 alicuius superioris creaturae, scilicet Angeli. Cum enim duplex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2631 ordo inveniatur in rebus, unus partium universi ad invicem, alius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2632 totius universi ad bonum quod est extra universum; primus ordo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2633 ordinatur ad secundum sicut ad finem, ut dicitur XII Metaphys.;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2634 sicut ordo partium exercitus ad invicem est propter ordinem totius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2635 exercitus ad ducem. Sed ordo partium universi ad invicem attenditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2636 secundum quod superiores creaturae agunt in inferiores, ut in primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2637 dictum est, beatitudo autem consistit in ordine hominis ad bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2638 quod est extra universum, quod est Deus. Ergo per actionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2639 superioris creaturae, scilicet Angeli, in hominem, homo beatus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2640 efficitur.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="33718"><span class="ref">[33718] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2641 quod est in potentia tale, potest reduci in actum per id quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2642 actu tale, sicut quod est potentia calidum, fit actu calidum per id
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2643 quod est actu calidum. Sed homo est in potentia beatus. Ergo potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2644 fieri actu beatus per Angelum, qui est actu beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="33719"><span class="ref">[33719] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2645 beatitudo consistit in operatione intellectus, ut supra dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2646 Sed Angelus potest illuminare intellectum hominis, ut in primo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2647 habitum est. Ergo Angelus potest facere hominem beatum.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 s. c."><a name="33720"><span class="ref">[33720] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2648 est quod dicitur in Psalmo LXXXIII, <i>gratiam et gloriam dabit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2649 dominus</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 co."><a name="33721"><span class="ref">[33721] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2650 dicendum quod, cum omnis creatura naturae legibus sit subiecta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2651 utpote habens limitatam virtutem et actionem; illud quod excedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2652 naturam creatam, non potest fieri virtute alicuius creaturae. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2653 ideo si quid fieri oporteat quod sit supra naturam, hoc fit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2654 immediate a Deo; sicut suscitatio mortui, illuminatio caeci, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2655 cetera huiusmodi. Ostensum est autem quod beatitudo est quoddam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2656 bonum excedens naturam creatam. Unde impossibile est quod per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2657 actionem alicuius creaturae conferatur, sed homo beatus fit solo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2658 Deo agente, si loquamur de beatitudine perfecta. Si vero loquamur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2659 de beatitudine imperfecta, sic eadem ratio est de ipsa et de
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2660 virtute, in cuius actu consistit.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="33722"><span class="ref">[33722] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2661 dicendum quod plerumque contingit in potentiis activis ordinatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2662 quod perducere ad ultimum finem pertinet ad supremam potentiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2663 inferiores vero potentiae coadiuvant ad consecutionem illius ultimi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2664 finis disponendo, sicut ad artem gubernativam, quae praeest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2665 navifactivae, pertinet usus navis, propter quem navis ipsa fit. Sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2666 igitur et in ordine universi, homo quidem adiuvatur ab Angelis ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2667 consequendum ultimum finem, secundum aliqua praecedentia, quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2668 disponitur ad eius consecutionem, sed ipsum ultimum finem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2669 consequitur per ipsum primum agentem, qui est Deus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="33723"><span class="ref">[33723] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2670 dicendum quod, quando aliqua forma actu existit in aliquo secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2671 esse perfectum et naturale, potest esse principium actionis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2672 alterum; sicut calidum per calorem calefacit. Sed si forma existit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2673 in aliquo imperfecte, et non secundum esse naturale, non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2674 esse principium communicationis sui ad alterum, sicut intentio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2675 coloris quae est in pupilla, non potest facere album; neque etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2676 omnia quae sunt illuminata aut calefacta, possunt alia calefacere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2677 et illuminare; sic enim illuminatio at calefactio essent usque ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2678 infinitum. Lumen autem gloriae, per quod Deus videtur, in Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2679 quidem est perfecte secundum esse naturale, in qualibet autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2680 creatura est imperfecte, et secundum esse similitudinarium vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2681 participatum. Unde nulla creatura beata potest communicare suam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2682 beatitudinem alteri.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="33724"><span class="ref">[33724] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2683 dicendum quod Angelus beatus illuminat intellectum hominis, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2684 etiam inferioris Angeli, quantum ad aliquas rationes divinorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2685 operum non autem quantum ad visionem divinae essentiae, ut in primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2686 dictum est. Ad eam enim videndam, omnes immediate illuminantur a
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2687 Deo.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="33725"><span class="ref">[33725] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2688 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non requirantur aliqua opera hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2689 ad hoc ut beatitudinem consequatur a Deo. Deus enim, cum sit agens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2690 infinitae virtutis, non praeexigit in agendo materiam, aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2691 dispositionem materiae, sed statim potest totum producere. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2692 opera hominis, cum non requirantur ad beatitudinem eius sicut causa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2693 efficiens, ut dictum est, non possunt requiri ad eam nisi sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2694 dispositiones. Ergo Deus, qui dispositiones non praeexigit in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2695 agendo, beatitudinem sine praecedentibus operibus confert.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="33726"><span class="ref">[33726] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2696 sicut Deus est auctor beatitudinis immediate, ita et naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2697 immediate instituit. Sed in prima institutione naturae, produxit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2698 creaturas nulla dispositione praecedente vel actione creaturae; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2699 statim fecit unumquodque perfectum in sua specie. Ergo videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2700 beatitudinem conferat homini sine aliquibus operationibus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2701 praecedentibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="33727"><span class="ref">[33727] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2702 apostolus dicit, Rom. IV, beatitudinem hominis esse cui Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2703 confert iustitiam sine operibus. Non ergo requiruntur aliqua opera
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2704 hominis ad beatitudinem consequendam.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 s. c."><a name="33728"><span class="ref">[33728] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2705 est quod dicitur Ioan. XIII, <i>si haec scitis, beati eritis si
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2706 feceritis ea</i>. Ergo per actionem ad beatitudinem pervenitur.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 co."><a name="33729"><span class="ref">[33729] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2707 dicendum quod rectitudo voluntatis, ut supra dictum est, requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2708 ad beatitudinem, cum nihil aliud sit quam debitus ordo voluntatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2709 ad ultimum finem; quae ita exigitur ad consecutionem ultimi finis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2710 sicut debita dispositio materiae ad consecutionem formae. Sed ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2711 hoc non ostenditur quod aliqua operatio hominis debeat praecedere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2712 eius beatitudinem, posset enim Deus simul facere voluntatem recte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2713 tendentem in finem, et finem consequentem; sicut quandoque simul
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2714 materiam disponit, et inducit formam. Sed ordo divinae sapientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2715 exigit ne hoc fiat, ut enim dicitur in II de caelo, <i>eorum quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2716 nata sunt habere bonum perfectum, aliquid habet ipsum sine motu,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2717 aliquid uno motu, aliquid pluribus</i>. Habere autem perfectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2718 bonum sine motu, convenit ei quod naturaliter habet illud. Habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2719 autem beatitudinem naturaliter est solius Dei. Unde solius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2720 proprium est quod ad beatitudinem non moveatur per aliquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2721 operationem praecedentem. Cum autem beatitudo excedat omnem naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2722 creatam, nulla pura creatura convenienter beatitudinem consequitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2723 absque motu operationis, per quam tendit in ipsam. Sed Angelus, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2724 est superior ordine naturae quam homo, consecutus est eam, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2725 ordine divinae sapientiae, uno motu operationis meritoriae, ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2726 primo expositum est. Homines autem consequuntur ipsam multis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2727 motibus operationum, qui merita dicuntur. Unde etiam, secundum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2728 philosophum, beatitudo est praemium virtuosarum operationum.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="33730"><span class="ref">[33730] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2729 dicendum quod operatio hominis non praeexigitur ad consecutionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2730 beatitudinis propter insufficientiam divinae virtutis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2731 beatificantis, sed ut servetur ordo in rebus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="33731"><span class="ref">[33731] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2732 dicendum quod primas creaturas statim Deus perfectas produxit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2733 absque aliqua dispositione vel operatione creaturae praecedente,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2734 quia sic instituit prima individua specierum, ut per ea natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2735 propagaretur ad posteros. Et similiter, quia per Christum, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2736 Deus et homo, beatitudo erat ad alios derivanda, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2737 apostoli ad Heb. II, <i>qui multos filios in gloriam adduxerat</i>;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2738 statim a principio suae conceptionis, absque aliqua operatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2739 meritoria praecedente, anima eius fuit beata. Sed hoc est singulare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2740 in ipso, nam pueris baptizatis subvenit meritum Christi ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2741 beatitudinem consequendam, licet desint eis merita propria, eo quod
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2742 per Baptismum sunt Christi membra effecti.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="33732"><span class="ref">[33732] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2743 dicendum quod apostolus loquitur de beatitudine spei, quae habetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2744 per gratiam iustificantem, quae quidem non datur propter opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2745 praecedentia. Non enim habet rationem termini motus, ut beatitudo,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2746 sed magis est principium motus quo ad beatitudinem tenditur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="33733"><span class="ref">[33733] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2747 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non omnes appetant beatitudinem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2748 Nullus enim potest appetere quod ignorat, cum bonum apprehensum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2749 obiectum appetitus, ut dicitur in III de anima. Sed multi nesciunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2750 quid sit beatitudo, quod, sicut Augustinus dicit in XIII de Trin.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2751 patet ex hoc, quod <i>quidam posuerunt beatitudinem in voluptate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2752 corporis, quidam in virtute animi, quidam in aliis rebus</i>. Non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2753 ergo omnes beatitudinem appetunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="33734"><span class="ref">[33734] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2754 essentia beatitudinis est visio essentiae divinae, ut dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2755 Sed aliqui opinantur hoc esse impossibile, quod Deus per essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2756 ab homine videatur, unde hoc non appetunt. Ergo non omnes homines
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2757 appetunt beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="33735"><span class="ref">[33735] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2758 Augustinus dicit, in XIII de Trin. quod <i>beatus est qui habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2759 omnia quae vult, et nihil male vult</i>. Sed non omnes hoc volunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2760 quidam enim male aliqua volunt, et tamen volunt illa se velle. Non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2761 ergo omnes volunt beatitudinem.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 s. c."><a name="33736"><span class="ref">[33736] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2762 est quod Augustinus dicit, XIII de Trin., <i>si minus dixisset,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2763 omnes beati esse vultis, miseri esse non vultis, dixisset aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2764 quod nullus in sua non cognosceret voluntate</i>. Quilibet ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2765 vult esse beatus.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 co."><a name="33737"><span class="ref">[33737] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2766 dicendum quod beatitudo dupliciter potest considerari. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2767 secundum communem rationem beatitudinis. Et sic necesse est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2768 omnis homo beatitudinem velit. Ratio autem beatitudinis communis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2769 est ut sit bonum perfectum, sicut dictum est. Cum autem bonum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2770 obiectum voluntatis, perfectum bonum est alicuius, quod totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2771 eius voluntati satisfacit. Unde appetere beatitudinem nihil aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2772 est quam appetere ut voluntas satietur. Quod quilibet vult. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2773 modo possumus loqui de beatitudine secundum specialem rationem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2774 quantum ad id in quo beatitudo consistit. Et sic non omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2775 cognoscunt beatitudinem, quia nesciunt cui rei communis ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2776 beatitudinis conveniat. Et per consequens, quantum ad hoc, non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2777 omnes eam volunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="33738"><span class="ref">[33738] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Unde patet
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2778 responsio ad primum.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="33739"><span class="ref">[33739] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2779 dicendum quod, cum voluntas sequatur apprehensionem intellectus seu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2780 rationis, sicut contingit quod aliquid est idem secundum rem, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2781 tamen est diversum secundum rationis considerationem; ita contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2782 quod aliquid est idem secundum rem, et tamen uno modo appetitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2783 alio modo non appetitur. Beatitudo ergo potest considerari sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2784 ratione finalis boni et perfecti, quae est communis ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2785 beatitudinis, et sic naturaliter et ex necessitate voluntas in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2786 illud tendit, ut dictum est. Potest etiam considerari secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2787 alias speciales considerationes, vel ex parte ipsius operationis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2788 vel ex parte potentiae operativae, vel ex parte obiecti, et sic non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2789 ex necessitate voluntas tendit in ipsam.</p><p title="I-II q. 5 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="33740"><span class="ref">[33740] Iª-IIae q. 5 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2790 dicendum quod ista definitio beatitudinis quam quidam posuerunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2791 beatus est qui habet omnia quae vult, vel, cui omnia optata
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2792 succedunt, quodam modo intellecta, est bona et sufficiens; alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2793 vero modo, est imperfecta. Si enim intelligatur simpliciter de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2794 omnibus quae vult homo naturali appetitu, sic verum est quod qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2795 habet omnia quae vult, est beatus, nihil enim satiat naturalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2796 hominis appetitum, nisi bonum perfectum, quod est beatitudo. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2797 vero intelligatur de his quae homo vult secundum apprehensionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2798 rationis, sic habere quaedam quae homo vult, non pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2799 beatitudinem, sed magis ad miseriam inquantum huiusmodi habita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2800 impediunt hominem ne habeat quaecumque naturaliter vult, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2801 etiam ratio accipit ut vera interdum quae impediunt a cognitione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2802 veritatis. Et secundum hanc considerationem, Augustinus addidit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2803 perfectionem beatitudinis, quod nihil mali velit. Quamvis primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2804 posset sufficere, si recte intelligeretur, scilicet quod beatus est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2805 qui habet omnia quae vult.</p></div></div><div class="centro"><br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2806 <p><a href="sth2000.html"><img alt="age retro" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageretro.gif"/></a>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2807 <a href="sth2006.html"><img alt="age ultra" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageultra.gif"/></a></p>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2808 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2809 <hr/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2810 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2811 <address>© 2006 Fundación Tomás de Aquino quoad
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2812 hanc editionem<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2813 Iura omnia asservantur<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2814 OCLC nr. <a style="text-decoration=none" href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264">49644264</a></address>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2815 </div></body>
99 71f2c033089e change dtd location for new machine ht parents: 53 diff changeset	2816 </html>

Mercurial > hg > Aquinas

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