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1 -*- mode:outline -*-
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2
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3 * Introduction
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4 ==============
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5
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6 This file presents some general information about XEmacs. It is
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7 primarily about the changes in recent XEmacs versions and its release
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8 history.
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9
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10 Use `C-c C-f' to move to the next equal level of outline, and
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11 `C-c C-b' to move to previous equal level. `C-h m' will give more
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12 info about the Outline mode. Many commands are also available through
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13 the menubar.
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14
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15 Users who would like to know which capabilities have been introduced
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16 in each release should look at the appropriate section of this file.
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17 Starting with version 20.0, XEmacs includes ChangeLogs, which can be
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18 consulted for a more detailed list of changes.
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19
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20 Users interested in some of the details of how XEmacs differs from GNU
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21 Emacs should read the section "What's Different?" near the end of this
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22 file.
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23
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24 N.B. The term "GNU Emacs" refers to any release of Emacs Version
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25 19 from the Free Software Foundation's GNU Project. (We do not
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26 say just "Emacs" as Richard M. Stallman ["RMS"] prefers, because
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27 it is clearly a more generic term.) The term "XEmacs" refers to
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28 this program or to its predecessors "Era" and "Lucid Emacs". The
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29 predecessor of all these program is called "Emacs 18". When no
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30 particular version is implied, "Emacs" will be used.
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31
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32
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33 * Changes in XEmacs 21.2
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34 ========================
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35
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440
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36 ** The delete key now deletes forward by default.
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428
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37
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440
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38 This is regulated by the variable `delete-key-deletes-forward', which
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39 now defaults to t. `delete-key-deletes-forward' takes effect only on
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40 the systems that offer both a backspace and a delete key. If set to
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41 nil, the key labeled "Delete" will always delete backward. If set to
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42 non-nil, the "Delete" key will delete forward, except on keyboards
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43 where a "Backspace" key is not provided (e.g. old DEC keyboards.)
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428
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44
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45 Unless our implementation has bugs, the only reason why you would want
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46 to set `delete-key-deletes-forward' to nil is if you want to use the
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47 Delete key to delete backwards, despite the presence (according to
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48 Xlib) of a BackSpace key on the keyboard.
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49
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50 ** Interactive searching and matching case improvements.
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51
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52 Case sensitiveness in searching operations is normally controlled by
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53 the variable `case-fold-search' (if non-nil, case is ignored while
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54 searching). This mechanism has now been slightly improved for
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55 interactive searches: if the search string (or regexp) contains
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56 uppercase characters, the searching is forced to be case-sensitive,
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57 `case-fold-search'.
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58
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59 The new behavior affects all functions performing interactive
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60 searches, like `zap-to-char', `list-matching-lines', `tags-search'
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61 etc. The incremental search facility has always behaved that way.
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62
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440
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63 ** Incremental search will now highlight all visible matches, making
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64 it easier to anticipate where consecutive C-s or C-r will place the
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65 point. If you want to disable the feature, set
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66 `isearch-highlight-all-matches' to nil.
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67
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68 ** You can now use the buffer tabs to switch between buffers. The
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69 tabs are located between the toolbar and the uppermost window, in a
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70 location called "gutter". If you dislike the buffer tabs, you can
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71 disable them by specifying:
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72
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73 (set-specifier default-gutter-visible-p nil)
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74
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75 in your `.emacs'. You can change the location of the gutter with
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76 `set-default-gutter-position', however currently only MS-Windows
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77 supports tab widgets with orientations other than vertical..
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78
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79 ** When you press RET at a minibuffer prompt that provides a default
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80 value, the value is stored in history instead of an empty line. Also,
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81 you can now edit the default value by pressing the down arrow,
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82 accessing the logical "future" value. Not all minibuffer prompts have
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83 yet been converted to support this feature.
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84
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428
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85 ** The rectangle functions have been almost completely rewritten in
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86 order to avoid inserting undesirable spaces, notably at the end of
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87 lines. Two typical examples of the old behavior were
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88 `string-rectangle', which filled all lines up to the right side of the
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89 rectangle, and `clear-rectangle', which filled even empty lines up to
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90 the left side. All functions have been rewritten to avoid inserting
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91 unwanted spaces, and an optional prefix now allows them to behave the
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92 old way.
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93
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94 As a side effect, the FORCE argument to `move-to-column' now
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95 understands the special value `coerce', which means that the line
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96 should not be filled if it is too short to reach the desired column.
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97
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440
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98 ** Customize now supports adding comments about your face and variable
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99 settings using a new menu entry. Comments for variables can also be
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100 assigned by calling `customize-set-(value|variable)' with a prefix
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101 argument.
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428
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102
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103 ** XEmacs now locates the early package hierarchies at
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104 ~/.xemacs/mule-packages/ and ~/.xemacs/xemacs-packages/. Previously,
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105 the early packages were located in ~/.xemacs/.
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106
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107 ** You can now create "indirect buffers", like in GNU Emacs. An
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108 indirect buffer shares its text with another buffer ("base buffer"),
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109 but has its own major mode, local variables, extents, and narrowing.
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110 An indirect buffer has a name of its own, distinct from those of the
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111 base buffer and all other buffers. An indirect buffer cannot itself
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112 be visiting a file (though its base buffer can be). The base buffer
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113 cannot itself be indirect.
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114
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115 Use (make-indirect-buffer BASE-BUFFER NAME) to make an indirect buffer
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116 named NAME whose base is BASE-BUFFER. If BASE-BUFFER is itself an
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117 indirect buffer, its base buffer is used as the base for the new
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118 buffer.
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119
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120 You can make an indirect buffer current, or switch to it in a window,
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121 just as you would a non-indirect buffer.
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122
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123 The function `buffer-base-buffer' returns a buffer's base buffer or
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124 nil, if given an ordinary (non-indirect) buffer. The function
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125 `buffer-indirect-children' returns a list of the indirect children of
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126 a base buffer.
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127
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128 ** User names following the tilde character can now be completed at
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129 file name prompts; e.g. `C-x C-f ~hni<TAB>' will complete to
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130 `~hniksic/'. To make this operation faster, a cache of user names is
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131 maintained internally.
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132
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133 The new primitives available for this purpose are functions named
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134 `user-name-completion' and `user-name-all-completions'.
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135
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136 ** XEmacs can now play sound using Enlightenment Sound Daemon (ESD).
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137 It will try NAS first, then ESD, then playing native sound directly.
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138
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139 ** X-Face support is now available under MS-Windows.
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140 If an X-Face libary built under MS-Windows is available then XEmacs
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141 will use this at build time.
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142
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143 ** The font-menu is now available under MS-Windows.
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144
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145 ** MS-Windows support for selection is now much more robust.
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146
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147 Generally selection should now do what you would expect under
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148 MS-Windows: the middle mouse button will paste your current selection
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149 or the clipboard; conversions from different types of selection to the
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150 clipboard can be made; the kill-ring and friends will be updated as
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151 per X.
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152
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153 The only thing selection doesn't do is set the clipboard automatically
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154 as this would break the MS-Windows model. If you want this behaviour
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155 then set `selection-sets-clipboard' to t
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156
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438
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157 ** Mail spool locking now works correctly.
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158 XEmacs has always come with a little auxiliary program, movemail,
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159 which moves mail out of the system's spool area into user storage. To
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160 coordinate between XEmacs, the mail delivery agent, and other mail
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161 user agents, movemail needs to properly lock the spool file before
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162 moving it. Movemail now correctly respects the --mail-locking option
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163 to configure. Moreover, movemail's locking behavior can be specified
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164 at run-time, via a new command-line option -m to movemail, or through
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165 the environment variable EMACSLOCKMETHOD.
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166
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167 When installing XEmacs, make sure you configure it according to your
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168 environment's mail spool locking conventions. When you're using a
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169 binary kit, set the `mail-lock-method' variable at startup, or the
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170 EMACSLOCKMETHOD environment variable.
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171
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428
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172 ** New command-line switches -user-init-file and -user-init-directory.
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173 These can be used to specify alternate locations for what is normally
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174 ~/.emacs and ~/.xemacs.
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175
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176 Moreover, -user <user> (which used to only work in unpredictable ways)
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177 is now equivalent to
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178 -user-init-file ~<user>/.emacs -user-init-directory ~<user>/.xemacs.
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179
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438
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180 ** New variable `mswindows-meta-activates-menu'.
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181 If you set this variable to nil then pressing the Alt key under
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182 MS-Windows will no longer activate the menubar. The default is t.
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183
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440
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184 ** Pixel-based scrolling has been implemented.
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185 By default this will attempt to scroll in increments equal to the
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186 height of the default face. Set `window-pixel-scroll-increment' to
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187 modify this behaviour.
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188
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428
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189 ** Etags changes.
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190
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191 *** In DOS, etags looks for file.cgz if it cannot find file.c.
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192
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193 *** New option --ignore-case-regex is an alternative to --regex. It is now
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194 possible to bind a regexp to a language, by prepending the regexp with
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195 {lang}, where lang is one of the languages that `etags --help' prints
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196 out. This feature is useful especially for regex files, where each
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197 line contains a regular expression. The manual contains details.
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428
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198
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199 *** In C and derived languages, etags creates tags for function
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200 declarations when given the --declarations option.
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201
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202 *** In C++, tags are created for "operator". The tags have the form
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203 "operator+", without spaces between the keyword and the operator.
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204
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205 *** New language Ada: tags are functions, procedures, packages, tasks, and
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206 types.
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207
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208 *** In Fortran, procedure is no more tagged.
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209
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210 *** In Java, tags are created for "interface".
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211
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212 *** In Lisp, "(defstruct (foo", "(defun (operator" and similar constructs
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213 are now tagged.
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214
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215 *** In Perl, the --globals option tags global variables. my and local
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216 variables are tagged.
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217
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218 *** New language Python: def and class at the beginning of a line are tags.
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219
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220 *** .ss files are Scheme files, .pdb is Postscript with C syntax, .psw is
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221 for PSWrap.
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222
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223
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224 * Lisp and internal changes in XEmacs 21.2
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225 ==========================================
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226
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440
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227 ** A new portable dumper is available for beta testing.
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430
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228
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229 Olivier Galibert has written a portable dumper for XEmacs, based on
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230 initial work by Kyle Jones. Normally, XEmacs C sources link into an
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231 executable called `temacs', which loads the Lisp code and "unexecs"
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432
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232 into a proper `xemacs' executable. The unexec() process is hard to
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233 implement correctly and makes XEmacs very hard to port to new
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234 operating systems, or even to new releases of old systems.
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235
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236 A portable dumper is a different approach to dumping: instead of
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237 dumping full-fledged executable, it only dumps out the initialized
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238 data structures (both Lisp and C) into an external file. A normally
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239 running XEmacs only needs to mmap() that file and relocate a bit to
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240 get to the initialized data. In that scheme, there is no difference
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241 between `temacs' and `xemacs'.
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242
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243 This is all very experimental, though. Configure with `--pdump' to
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244 try testing it. NOTE: it is expected that `make' will fail after
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245 dumping `xemacs.dmp'. This is because Makefiles have not yet been
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246 modified to not expect `temacs' producing an `xemacs' executable. You
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247 can try it out by simply running `src/temacs'. If it starts without
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248 failure, the portable dumping worked.
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249
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440
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250 #### NOTE: the portable dumper is not really usable yet, because the
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251 state of built-in variables is not yet saved. Olivier promised to fix
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252 it. Nag, nag.
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253
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428
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254 ** Much effort has been invested to make XEmacs Lisp faster:
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255
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256 *** Many basic lisp operations are now faster.
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257 This is especially the case when running a Mule-enabled XEmacs.
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258
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259 A general overhaul of the lisp engine should produce a speedup of 1.4
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260 in a Latin-1 XEmacs, and 2.1 in a Mule XEmacs. These numbers were
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261 obtained running `(byte-compile "simple.el")', which should be a
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262 pretty typical test of "pure" Lisp.
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263
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264 *** Lisp hash tables have been re-implemented. The Common Lisp style
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265 hash table interface has been made standard, and moved from cl.el into
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266 fast C code (See the section on hash tables in the XEmacs Lisp
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267 Reference). A speedup factor of 3 can be expected with code that
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268 makes intensive use of hash tables.
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269
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270 *** The garbage collector has been tuned, leading to a speedup of
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271 1.16.
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272
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273 *** The family of functions that iterate over lists, like `memq', and
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274 `rassq', have been made a little faster (typically 1.3).
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275
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276 *** Lisp function calls are faster, by approximately a factor of two.
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277 However, defining inline functions (via defsubst) still makes sense
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278 for tight loops.
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279
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280 *** Finally, a few functions have had dramatic performance
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281 improvements. For example, `(last long-list)' is now 30 times faster.
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282
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283 Of course, your mileage will vary.
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284
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285 Many operations do not see any improvement. Surprisingly, running
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286 (font-lock-fontify-buffer) does not use the Lisp engine much at all.
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287 Speeding up your favorite slow operation is an excellent project to
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288 improve XEmacs. Don't forget to profile!
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289
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430
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290 ** Native widgets can be displayed in buffers.
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291
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292 The glyph system has been extended to allow the display of glyphs that
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293 are implemented as native window-system widgets. Thus you can embed
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294 buttons, scrollbars, combo boxes, edit fields and progress gauges in a
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295 buffer. As a side effect subwindow support now works once again.
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296
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440
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297 All of this is still fairly experimental and there is no
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298 documentation. The current APIs might change in a future version of
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299 XEmacs. Some widgets are only available under MS-Windows. See the
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300 file glyphs-test.el in the XEmacs src distribution for examples of
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301 usage.
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430
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302
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440
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303 The buffers-tab functionality and progress gauge have been implemented
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304 using this feature.
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430
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305
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440
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306 ** `user-init-file' and `user-init-directory' are now absolute
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307 file/directory names. Previously, both variables used to be relative
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308 to (concat "~" init-file-user). This turned out to be too complicated
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309 for most packages (and some core Lisp files) to use correctly. Also,
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310 the `init-file-user' variable has been obsoleted in the process.
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311
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312 The user-visible options like `-u' have not changed their behaviour.
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430
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313
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428
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314 ** XEmacs finally has an automated test suite!
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315 Although this is not yet very sophisticated, it is already responsible
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316 for several important bug fixes in XEmacs. To try it out, simply use
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317 the makefile target `make check' after building XEmacs.
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318
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319 ** Hash tables have been reimplemented.
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320 As was pointed out above, the standard interface to hash tables is now
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321 the Common Lisp interface, as described in Common Lisp, the Language
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322 (CLtL2, by Steele). The older interface (functions with names
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323 containing the phrase `hashtable') will continue to work, but the
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324 preferred interface now has names containing the phrase `hash-table'.
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325
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326 Here's the executive overview: create hash tables using
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327 make-hash-table, and use gethash, puthash, remhash, maphash and
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328 clrhash to manipulate entries in the hash table. See the (updated)
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329 Lisp Reference Manual for details.
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330
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331 ** Lisp code handles circular lists much more robustly.
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332 Many basic lisp functions used to loop forever when given a circular
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333 list, expecting you to C-g (quit) out of the loop. Now this is more
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334 likely to trigger a `circular-list' error. Printing a circular list
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335 now results in something like this:
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336
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337 (let ((x (cons 'foo 'foo)))
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338 (setcdr x x)
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339 x)
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340 => (foo ... <circular list>)
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341
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342 An extra bonus is that checking for circularities is not just
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343 friendlier, but actually faster than checking for C-g.
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344
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430
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345 ** Functions for decoding base64 encoding are now available; see
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346 `base64-encode-region', `base64-encode-string', `base64-decode-region'
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347 and `base64-decode-string'.
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428
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348
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440
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349 ** The functions `read-string', `read-expression', `eval-minibuffer',
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350 `read-variable', `read-command', `read-function', `read-number',
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351 `read-shell-command', `read-from-minibuffer', and `completing-read'
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352 now take an additional argument which specifies the default value. If
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353 this argument is non-nil, it should be a string; that string is used
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354 in two ways:
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355
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356 It is returned if the user enters empty input.
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357 It is available through the history command M-n.
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358
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359 ** LDAP changes.
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360
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361 *** The LDAP interface now consists of two layers, a low-level layer
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362 that closely matches the LDAP C API, and a more convenient
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363 higher-level set of functions.
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364
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365 *** The low-level functions that used to be named *-internal are now
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366 named more simply: `ldap-open', `ldap-close', `ldap-search-basic',
|
|
|
367 `ldap-add', and `ldap-modify'. They should be used directly for very
|
|
|
368 specific purposes (such as multiple operations on a connection) only.
|
|
|
369
|
|
|
370 *** The higher-level functions provide a more convenient way to access
|
|
|
371 LDAP directories hiding the subtleties of handling the connection,
|
|
|
372 translating arguments and ensuring compliance with LDAP
|
|
|
373 internationalization rules and formats (currently partly implemented
|
|
|
374 only.) This layer provides atomic operations for searches,
|
|
|
375 modification, addition and deletion of multiple entries at once:
|
|
|
376 `ldap-search-entries', `ldap-add-entries', `ldap-delete-entries', and
|
|
|
377 `ldap-modify-entries'.
|
|
|
378
|
|
|
379 *** To maintain compatibility with previous code, the now obsolete
|
|
|
380 function `ldap-search' is now merely a wrapper that calls either
|
|
|
381 `ldap-search-basic' or `ldap-search-entries'. Please don't use the
|
|
|
382 `ldap-search' function in your new programs -- a direct call to one of
|
|
|
383 the two replacements is more efficient and unambiguous.
|
|
|
384
|
|
430
|
385 ** The arguments to `locate-file' are now more Lisp-like. As before,
|
|
|
386 the usage is:
|
|
428
|
387
|
|
|
388 (locate-file FILENAME PATH-LIST &optional SUFFIXES MODE)
|
|
|
389
|
|
|
390 Except that SUFFIXES are now a list of strings instead of a single,
|
|
|
391 colon-separated string. MODE is now a symbol or a list of symbols
|
|
|
392 (symbols `exists', `executable', `writable', and `readable' are
|
|
|
393 supported) instead of an integer code. See the documentation for
|
|
|
394 details. Of course, the old form is still accepted for backward
|
|
|
395 compatibility.
|
|
|
396
|
|
|
397 Several bugs in locate-file have been fixed, most notably its failure
|
|
|
398 to call expand-file-name on elements of PATH-LIST. Because of that
|
|
|
399 elements of load-path of the form "~/..." used to not work.
|
|
|
400 locate-file is now guaranteed to expand files during its course of
|
|
|
401 operation.
|
|
|
402
|
|
|
403 ** `translate-region' has been improved in several ways. Its TABLE
|
|
|
404 argument used to be a 256-character string. In addition to this, it
|
|
|
405 can now also be a vector or a char-table, which makes the function
|
|
|
406 useful for Mule, which it wasn't. If TABLE a vector or a generic
|
|
|
407 char-table, you can map characters to strings instead of to other
|
|
|
408 characters. For instance:
|
|
|
409
|
|
|
410 (let ((table (make-char-table 'generic)))
|
|
|
411 (put-char-table ?a "the letter a" table)
|
|
|
412 (put-char-table ?b "" table)
|
|
|
413 (put-char-table ?c ?\n table)
|
|
|
414 (translate-region (point-min) (point-max) table))
|
|
|
415
|
|
430
|
416 ** The new form `ignore-file-errors', similar to `ignore-errors' may
|
|
|
417 be used as a short-hand for condition-case when you wish to ignore
|
|
|
418 file-related error. For example:
|
|
|
419
|
|
|
420 (ignore-file-errors (delete-file "foo"))
|
|
|
421
|
|
|
422 ** The first argument to `intern-soft' may now also be a symbol, like
|
|
|
423 with `unintern'. If given a symbol, `intern-soft' will look for that
|
|
|
424 exact symbol rather than for any string. This is useful when you want
|
|
|
425 to check whether a specific symbol is interned in an obarray, e.g.:
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
427 (intern "foo")
|
|
|
428 (intern-soft "foo")
|
|
|
429 => foo
|
|
|
430 (intern-soft (make-symbol "foo"))
|
|
|
431 => nil
|
|
|
432
|
|
428
|
433 ** The `keywordp' function now returns non-nil only on symbols
|
|
|
434 interned in the global obarray. For example:
|
|
|
435
|
|
|
436 (keywordp (intern ":foo" [0]))
|
|
|
437 => nil
|
|
|
438 (keywordp (intern ":foo")) ; The same as (keywordp :foo)
|
|
|
439 => t
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
441 This behaviour is compatible with other code which treats symbols
|
|
|
442 beginning with colon as keywords only if they are interned in the
|
|
|
443 global obarray. `keywordp' used to wrongly return t in both cases
|
|
|
444 above.
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
446
|
|
|
447 * Changes in XEmacs 21.0
|
|
|
448 ========================
|
|
|
449
|
|
|
450 ** XEmacs has been unbundled into constituent installable packages.
|
|
|
451 See the Info documentation under "Packages" for more information.
|
|
|
452 See the file `etc/PACKAGES' in the distribution for a partial list of
|
|
|
453 packages available at the time of the 21.0 release.
|
|
|
454
|
|
|
455 ** XEmacs is now supported under Microsoft Windows 95/98 and Windows
|
|
|
456 NT operating systems. For starters, look at the XEmacs on Windows FAQ
|
|
|
457 at <URL:http://jagor.srce.hr/~hniksic/xemacs-on-windows-faq.txt>. To
|
|
|
458 discuss Windows-specific issues, subscribe to the mailing list at
|
|
|
459 <xemacs-nt-request@xemacs.org>.
|
|
|
460
|
|
|
461 ** XEmacs will now use `XEmacs' as its application class if it finds
|
|
|
462 any `XEmacs' resources in the resource database. Otherwise, it will
|
|
|
463 continue to use the `Emacs' class.
|
|
|
464
|
|
|
465 ** The options menu has been ported to Custom.
|
|
|
466 This means that each entry in the options menu acts as if you had customized
|
|
|
467 the corresponding variable by hand. ### WARNING: there is currently no
|
|
|
468 upgrading function to help you port your old options settings to the new
|
|
|
469 format. Consequently, if you want to modify the options for XEmacs 21, you
|
|
|
470 will have to set them all again through the menu, and remove the code loading
|
|
|
471 .xemacs-options from your .emacs.
|
|
|
472
|
|
|
473 ** When the Zmacs region is active, `M-x query-replace' and the other
|
|
|
474 replace commands now operate on the region contents only.
|
|
|
475
|
|
|
476 ** XEmacs now is able to choose X visuals and use private colormaps.
|
|
|
477 The '-visual <visualStr>' command line option or the '.EmacsVisual'
|
|
|
478 Xresource controls which visual XEmacs will use, and
|
|
|
479 '-privateColormap' or '.privateColormap' will force XEmacs to create a
|
|
|
480 private colormap for use. The syntax for the visual string is
|
|
|
481 "<visual><bitdepth>" where <visual> is one of 'StaticColor',
|
|
|
482 'TrueColor', 'GrayScale', 'PseudoColor' or 'DirectColor' and
|
|
|
483 <bitdepth> is the appropriate number of bits per pixel. If an invalid
|
|
|
484 or non-supported combination is entered, XEmacs attempts to find a happy
|
|
|
485 medium. The X creation mechanism will then determine if it needs to
|
|
|
486 create a colormap for use, or the presence of the private flags will
|
|
|
487 force it to create it.
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
489 ** The `imenu' package has been ported to XEmacs and is available as a
|
|
|
490 package.
|
|
|
491
|
|
|
492 ** `echo-keystrokes' can now be a floating-point number, so that you
|
|
|
493 can set it to intervals shorter than one second.
|
|
|
494
|
|
|
495 (setq echo-keystrokes 0.1)
|
|
|
496
|
|
|
497 ** The new command `center-to-window-line' works like `recenter'
|
|
|
498 (bound to `C-l'), only it does not redisplay the whole display area.
|
|
|
499
|
|
|
500 ** The M-. command will now first search through exact tags matches,
|
|
|
501 and then through inexact matches, as one would expect.
|
|
|
502
|
|
|
503 ** The new variable `user-full-name' can be used to customize one's
|
|
|
504 name when using the Emacs mail and news reading facilities.
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
506 Normally, `user-full-name' is a function that returns the full name of
|
|
|
507 a user or UID, as specified by the system -- for instance,
|
|
|
508 (user-full-name "root") returns something like "Super-User". However,
|
|
|
509 when the function is called without arguments, it will return the
|
|
|
510 value of the `user-full-name' variable. The `user-full-name' variable
|
|
|
511 is initialized using the environment variable NAME and (failing that)
|
|
|
512 the user's system name.
|
|
|
513
|
|
|
514 The behavior of the `user-full-name' function with an argument
|
|
|
515 specified is unchanged.
|
|
|
516
|
|
|
517 ** The new command `M-x customize-changed-options' lets you customize
|
|
|
518 all the options whose default values have changed in recent Emacs
|
|
|
519 versions. You specify a previous Emacs version number as argument,
|
|
|
520 and the command creates a customization buffer showing all the
|
|
|
521 customizable options whose default values were changed since that
|
|
|
522 version.
|
|
|
523
|
|
|
524 If you don't specify a particular version number argument, then the
|
|
|
525 customization buffer shows all the customizable options for which
|
|
|
526 Emacs versions of changes are recorded.
|
|
|
527
|
|
|
528 ** The new command `add-log-convert' can be used to convert the
|
|
|
529 old-style (pre-20.3) ChangeLog buffers to new style, for
|
|
|
530 consistency. A reminder: if you wish to revert to old-style
|
|
|
531 ChangeLogs instead, customize the value of `add-log-time-format'
|
|
|
532 variable.
|
|
|
533
|
|
|
534 ** The new command `zap-up-to-char' is now available. It is similar
|
|
|
535 to `zap-to-char', except that it does not delete the searched-for
|
|
|
536 character. It is not bound to a key by default.
|
|
|
537
|
|
|
538 ** You can now store a number into a register with `C-u NUMBER C-x r n'
|
|
|
539 REG, increment it by INC with `C-u INC C-x r + REG' (to increment by
|
|
|
540 one, omit C-u INC), and insert it in the buffer with `C-x r g REG'.
|
|
|
541 This is useful for writing keyboard macros.
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
543 ** The M-: command, when given a prefix argument, will now insert its
|
|
|
544 result to the current buffer.
|
|
|
545
|
|
|
546 ** The `C-h c' command, when given a prefix argument, will now insert
|
|
|
547 the message into the current buffer.
|
|
|
548
|
|
|
549 ** Horizontally split windows may now be dragged using the mouse.
|
|
|
550 Because of this, the dividers between vertical windows are always
|
|
|
551 visible. To turn it off, set `vertical-divider-always-visible-p' to
|
|
|
552 nil.
|
|
|
553
|
|
|
554 ** XEmacs/Mule (internationalization) changes.
|
|
|
555
|
|
|
556 *** Mule support now works on TTY's. Use `set-terminal-coding-system'
|
|
|
557 and `set-keyboard-coding-system' to specify the coding system of your
|
|
|
558 display and keyboard.
|
|
|
559
|
|
|
560 *** Egg/SJ3 input method is now officially supported. Quail and
|
|
|
561 Egg/Skk have been available through the generalized Leim since 20.3.
|
|
|
562
|
|
|
563 *** Localized Japanese menubars are available if XEmacs is built with
|
|
|
564 XFONTSET and either the X11 libraries are built with X_LOCALE defined
|
|
|
565 or the native C libraries support Japanese localization. This has
|
|
|
566 been available since 20.3, only it hasn't been announced before.
|
|
|
567
|
|
|
568 ** Jamie Zawinski's `gdb-highlight' extension is now distributed with
|
|
|
569 the `debug' package. gdb-highlight makes most objects printed in a
|
|
|
570 gdb buffer be mouse-sensitive: as text shows up in the buffer, it is
|
|
|
571 parsed, and objects which are recognized have context-sensitive
|
|
|
572 commands attached to them. To use it, add the following to `.emacs':
|
|
|
573
|
|
|
574 (add-hook 'gdb-mode-hook (lambda () (require 'gdb-highlight)))
|
|
|
575
|
|
|
576 ** The package popper.el is now included in the edit-utils package.
|
|
|
577 It has been greatly enhanced with respect to the one once included
|
|
|
578 with the ilisp package and should work well under XEmacs 21.0.
|
|
|
579
|
|
|
580 ** Gnuserv changes
|
|
|
581
|
|
|
582 *** Like the old 'gnudoit' program. Gnuclient -batch now can read from stdin.
|
|
|
583
|
|
|
584 *** Gnuclient -batch no longer breaks off the output at the first LF.
|
|
|
585
|
|
|
586 ** C mode changes
|
|
|
587
|
|
|
588 *** Multiline macros are now handled, both as they affect indentation,
|
|
|
589 and as recognized syntax. New syntactic symbol cpp-macro-cont is
|
|
|
590 assigned to second and subsequent lines of a multiline macro
|
|
|
591 definition.
|
|
|
592
|
|
|
593 *** A new style "user" which captures all non-hook-ified
|
|
|
594 (i.e. top-level) .emacs file variable setings and customizations.
|
|
|
595 Style "cc-mode" is an alias for "user" and is deprecated. "gnu" style
|
|
|
596 is still the default however.
|
|
|
597
|
|
|
598 *** "java" style now conforms to Sun's JDK coding style.
|
|
|
599
|
|
|
600 *** There are new commands c-beginning-of-defun, c-end-of-defun which
|
|
|
601 are alternatives which you could bind to C-M-a and C-M-e if you prefer
|
|
|
602 them. They do not have key bindings by default.
|
|
|
603
|
|
|
604 *** New and improved implementations of M-a (c-beginning-of-statement)
|
|
|
605 and M-e (c-end-of-statement).
|
|
|
606
|
|
|
607 *** C++ namespace blocks are supported, with new syntactic symbols
|
|
|
608 namespace-open, namespace-close, and innamespace.
|
|
|
609
|
|
|
610 *** File local variable settings of c-file-style and c-file-offsets
|
|
|
611 makes the style variables local to that buffer only.
|
|
|
612
|
|
|
613 *** New indentation functions c-lineup-close-paren,
|
|
|
614 c-indent-one-line-block, c-lineup-dont-change.
|
|
|
615
|
|
|
616 *** Improvements (hopefully!) to the way CC Mode is loaded. You
|
|
|
617 should now be able to do a (require 'cc-mode) to get the entire
|
|
|
618 package loaded properly for customization in your .emacs file. A new
|
|
|
619 variable c-initialize-on-load controls this and is t by default.
|
|
|
620
|
|
|
621 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs.
|
|
|
622 This makes it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode
|
|
|
623 in Text mode, and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode).
|
|
|
624 TAB in Text mode now runs the command indent-relative; this makes a
|
|
|
625 practical difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
|
|
|
626
|
|
|
627 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
|
|
|
628 and is an alias for it.
|
|
|
629
|
|
|
630 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph,
|
|
|
631 use the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
633 ** Changes to Gnus, the XEmacs newsreader.
|
|
|
634
|
|
|
635 *** New functionality for using Gnus as an offline newsreader has been
|
|
|
636 added. A plethora of new commands and modes have been added. See the
|
|
|
637 Gnus manual for the full story.
|
|
|
638
|
|
|
639 *** The nndraft backend has returned, but works differently than
|
|
|
640 before. All Message buffers are now also articles in the nndraft
|
|
|
641 group, which is created automatically.
|
|
|
642
|
|
|
643 *** `gnus-alter-header-function' can now be used to alter header
|
|
|
644 values.
|
|
|
645
|
|
|
646 *** `gnus-summary-goto-article' now accept Message-ID's.
|
|
|
647
|
|
|
648 *** A new Message command for deleting text in the body of a message
|
|
|
649 outside the region: `C-c C-v'.
|
|
|
650
|
|
|
651 *** You can now post to component group in nnvirtual groups with
|
|
|
652 `C-u C-c C-c'.
|
|
|
653
|
|
|
654 *** `nntp-rlogin-program' -- new variable to ease customization.
|
|
|
655
|
|
|
656 *** `C-u C-c C-c' in `gnus-article-edit-mode' will now inhibit
|
|
|
657 re-highlighting of the article buffer.
|
|
|
658
|
|
|
659 *** New element in `gnus-boring-article-headers' -- `long-to'.
|
|
|
660
|
|
|
661 *** `M-i' symbolic prefix command. See the section "Symbolic
|
|
|
662 Prefixes" in the Gnus manual for details.
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
664 *** `L' and `I' in the summary buffer now take the symbolic prefix
|
|
|
665 `a' to add the score rule to the "all.SCORE" file.
|
|
|
666
|
|
|
667 *** `gnus-simplify-subject-functions' variable to allow greater
|
|
|
668 control over simplification.
|
|
|
669
|
|
|
670 *** `A T' -- new command for fetching the current thread.
|
|
|
671
|
|
|
672 *** `/ T' -- new command for including the current thread in the
|
|
|
673 limit.
|
|
|
674
|
|
|
675 *** `M-RET' is a new Message command for breaking cited text.
|
|
|
676
|
|
|
677 *** \\1-expressions are now valid in `nnmail-split-methods'.
|
|
|
678
|
|
|
679 *** The `custom-face-lookup' function has been removed.
|
|
|
680 If you used this function in your initialization files, you must
|
|
|
681 rewrite them to use `face-spec-set' instead.
|
|
|
682
|
|
|
683 *** Cancelling now uses the current select method. Symbolic prefix
|
|
|
684 `a' forces normal posting method.
|
|
|
685
|
|
|
686 *** New command to translate M******** sm*rtq**t*s into proper text
|
|
|
687 -- `W d'.
|
|
|
688
|
|
|
689 *** For easier debugging of nntp, you can set `nntp-record-commands'
|
|
|
690 to a non-nil value.
|
|
|
691
|
|
|
692 *** nntp now uses ~/.authinfo, a .netrc-like file, for controlling
|
|
|
693 where and how to send AUTHINFO to NNTP servers.
|
|
|
694
|
|
|
695 *** A command for editing group parameters from the summary buffer
|
|
|
696 has been added.
|
|
|
697
|
|
|
698 *** A history of where mails have been split is available.
|
|
|
699
|
|
|
700 *** A new article date command has been added -- `article-date-iso8601'.
|
|
|
701
|
|
|
702 *** Subjects can be simplified when threading by setting
|
|
|
703 `gnus-score-thread-simplify'.
|
|
|
704
|
|
|
705 *** A new function for citing in Message has been added --
|
|
|
706 `message-cite-original-without-signature'.
|
|
|
707
|
|
|
708 *** `article-strip-all-blank-lines' -- new article command.
|
|
|
709
|
|
|
710 *** A new Message command to kill to the end of the article has
|
|
|
711 been added.
|
|
|
712
|
|
|
713 *** A minimum adaptive score can be specified by using the
|
|
|
714 `gnus-adaptive-word-minimum' variable.
|
|
|
715
|
|
|
716 *** The "lapsed date" article header can be kept continually
|
|
|
717 updated by the `gnus-start-date-timer' command.
|
|
|
718
|
|
|
719 *** Web listserv archives can be read with the nnlistserv backend.
|
|
|
720
|
|
|
721 *** Old dejanews archives can now be read by nnweb.
|
|
|
722
|
|
|
723 *** Byte-compilation of user-specs now works under XEmacs.
|
|
|
724
|
|
|
725 ** The `dir' files are no longer essential for functioning of the Info
|
|
|
726 subsystem. If the `dir' file does not exist in an Info directory, the
|
|
|
727 relevant information will be generated on-the-fly.
|
|
|
728
|
|
|
729 This behavior can be customized, look for `Info-auto-generate-directory'
|
|
|
730 and `Info-save-auto-generated-dir' in the `info' customization group.
|
|
|
731
|
|
|
732
|
|
|
733 * Lisp and internal changes in XEmacs 21.0
|
|
|
734 ==========================================
|
|
|
735
|
|
|
736 ** It is now possible to build XEmacs with support for 31-bit Lisp
|
|
|
737 integers (normally, Lisp integers are only 28 bits wide on 32-bit
|
|
|
738 machines.) Configure with --use-minimal-tagbits to test. With this
|
|
|
739 change, the maximum buffer size on 32-bit machines is increased from
|
|
|
740 128M to 1G. This setting will be made default in a future XEmacs
|
|
|
741 version.
|
|
|
742
|
|
|
743 ** Specifier changes.
|
|
|
744
|
|
|
745 *** When instantiating a specifier, the window locale now has a higher
|
|
|
746 precedence than the buffer locale. This is because the window locale
|
|
|
747 is more specific than the buffer locale.
|
|
|
748
|
|
|
749 *** The new macro `let-specifier' can be used to temporarily add
|
|
|
750 specifications to specifiers. See the documentation for details.
|
|
|
751
|
|
|
752 *** The new specifiers `vertical-scrollbar-visible-p' and
|
|
|
753 `horizontal-scrollbar-visible-p' may be used to control scrollbar
|
|
|
754 visibility. Previously, the only way to remove a scrollbar was to set
|
|
|
755 its size to 0. This method is still supported for backward
|
|
|
756 compatibility.
|
|
|
757
|
|
|
758 *** The new specifiers `scrollbar-on-left-p' and `scrollbar-on-top-p'
|
|
|
759 may be used to control the position of the vertical and horizontal
|
|
|
760 toolbar. Previously, their position could be changed only through the
|
|
|
761 use of X resources.
|
|
|
762
|
|
|
763 *** The new draggable vertical dividers between windows may be turned
|
|
|
764 off using the `vertical-divider-always-visible-p' specifier. When
|
|
|
765 this is set to nil, the vertical dividers between windows are shown
|
|
|
766 only when needed, and they are not draggable.
|
|
|
767
|
|
|
768 Other properties of the vertical dividers may be controlled using
|
|
|
769 `vertical-divider-shadow-thickness', `vertical-divider-line-width' and
|
|
|
770 `vertical-divider-spacing' specifiers, which see.
|
|
|
771
|
|
|
772 ** Frame focus management changes.
|
|
|
773
|
|
|
774 *** When the variable focus-follows-mouse is non-nil, `select-frame'
|
|
|
775 no longer permanently selects a different frame. The frame selection
|
|
|
776 is temporary and is reverted when the current command terminates, much
|
|
|
777 like the buffer selected by `set-buffer'. This is the same as in FSF
|
|
|
778 Emacs.
|
|
|
779
|
|
|
780 *** The new function `focus-frame' sets the window system focus to
|
|
|
781 FRAME (and selects it), regardless of the value of
|
|
|
782 `focus-follows-mouse'. Doing this is not well behaved, so be
|
|
|
783 absolutely sure that you want this.
|
|
|
784
|
|
|
785 The code that uses `select-frame' only to get the window manager focus
|
|
|
786 should be changed to use `set-frame-focus' instead, so that they keep
|
|
|
787 working when `focus-follows-mouse' is non-nil.
|
|
|
788
|
|
|
789 *** The special forms `save-selected-frame' and `with-selected-frame'
|
|
|
790 can now be used to temporarily change selected frame.
|
|
|
791
|
|
|
792 *** The behavior of `other-frame' command (`C-x 5 o') is unaffected by
|
|
|
793 these changes.
|
|
|
794
|
|
|
795 ** The function `select-window' now has an optional second argument
|
|
|
796 NORECORD which if non-nil inhibits the recording of a buffer change.
|
|
|
797
|
|
|
798 ** The function `vertical-motion' now correctly handles the second,
|
|
|
799 optional WINDOW argument. A new third argument PIXELS, if non-nil,
|
|
|
800 indicates that the returned motion should be in pixels.
|
|
|
801
|
|
|
802 ** The new function `vertical-motion-pixels' is similar to
|
|
|
803 vertical-motion but takes as input a vertical motion in pixels.
|
|
|
804
|
|
|
805 ** The new functions window-text-area-pixel-{width,height,edges} can
|
|
|
806 be used to obtain information about the text-displaying area of a
|
|
|
807 window.
|
|
|
808
|
|
|
809 ** The new functions `shrink-window-pixels' and `enlarge-window-pixels'
|
|
|
810 can be used to adjust the size of a window by a pixel amount.
|
|
|
811
|
|
|
812 ** The new function `window-displayed-text-pixel-height' can be used
|
|
|
813 to determine the height of the text actually displayed in a window.
|
|
|
814
|
|
|
815 ** The arithmetic comparison functions <, >, =, /= now accept a
|
|
|
816 variable number of arguments.
|
|
|
817
|
|
|
818 This means that if you want to test whether A < B < C, you can write
|
|
|
819 it as (< A B C) instead of (and (< A B) (< B C)). Likewise,
|
|
|
820 (apply #'> LIST) now tests if LIST is monotonously increasing -- and
|
|
|
821 so on.
|
|
|
822
|
|
|
823 ** The XEmacs hashtables now have a consistent read/print syntax.
|
|
|
824 This means that a hashtable will be readably printed in a
|
|
|
825 structure-like form:
|
|
|
826
|
|
|
827 #s(hashtable size 2 data (key1 value1 key2 value2))
|
|
|
828
|
|
|
829 When XEmacs reads this form, it will create a new hashtable according
|
|
|
830 to description. This allows you to easily dump hashtables to files
|
|
|
831 using `prin1', and read them back in using `read'.
|
|
|
832
|
|
|
833 If `print-readably' is non-nil, a more relaxed syntax is used; for
|
|
|
834 instance:
|
|
|
835
|
|
|
836 #<hashtable size 2/13 data (key1 value1 key2 value2) 0x874d>
|
|
|
837
|
|
|
838 ** It is now possible to build XEmacs with LDAP support.
|
|
|
839 You will need to install a LDAP library first. The following have
|
|
|
840 been tested:
|
|
|
841 - LDAP 3.3 from the University of Michigan
|
|
|
842 (get it from <URL:http://www.umich.edu/~dirsvcs/ldap/>)
|
|
|
843 - OpenLDAP 1.0.3 from the OpenLDAP Foundation
|
|
|
844 (get it from <URL:http://www.openldap.org/>)
|
|
|
845 - LDAP SDK 1.0 from Netscape Corp.
|
|
|
846 (get it from <URL:http://developer.netscape.com/>)
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
848 ** When profiling is in effect, a call-count of all recorded functions
|
|
|
849 is now calculated. This information is stored in
|
|
|
850 `call-count-profile-table', and is utilized by `profile-results' as
|
|
|
851 well as the new command `profile-call-count-results'.
|
|
|
852
|
|
|
853 ** It is now an error to change the value of a symbol whose name
|
|
|
854 starts with a colon, if it is interned in the standard obarray.
|
|
|
855
|
|
|
856 However, setting such a symbol to its proper value, which is that
|
|
|
857 symbol itself, is not an error. This is for the sake of programs that
|
|
|
858 support pre-19.12 XEmacs and pre-20 GNU Emacs by explicitly setting
|
|
|
859 these variables to themselves.
|
|
|
860
|
|
|
861 ** The `concat' function no longer accepts integer arguments.
|
|
|
862
|
|
|
863 ** The new function `string' concatenates all its argument characters
|
|
|
864 and returns the resulting string. This is consistent with other
|
|
|
865 functions, like `list', `vector', etc.
|
|
|
866
|
|
|
867 ** The function `temp-directory' is now available to return the
|
|
|
868 directory to store temporary files. On Unix this will be obtained
|
|
|
869 from TMPDIR, defaulting to `/tmp'.
|
|
|
870
|
|
|
871 ** The function load-average now accepts an optional argument
|
|
|
872 USE-FLOATS. If it is non-nil, the load average values are returned as
|
|
|
873 floating point numbers, rather than as integers to be divided by 100.
|
|
|
874
|
|
|
875 ** The `make-event' function now supports the TYPE and PLIST
|
|
|
876 arguments, which can be used to create various events from Lisp. See
|
|
|
877 the documentation for details.
|
|
|
878
|
|
|
879 ** `function-interactive' is a new function that returns the
|
|
|
880 interactive specification of a funcallable object.
|
|
|
881
|
|
|
882 ** The new `lmessage' function allows printing of a formatted message
|
|
|
883 with a particular label.
|
|
|
884
|
|
|
885 (lmessage 'progress "Processing... %d" counter)
|
|
|
886
|
|
|
887 This function is more convenient than `display-message' because it
|
|
|
888 automatically applies `format' to its arguments.
|
|
|
889
|
|
|
890 ** The new `lwarn' function, analogous to `lmessage', allows printing
|
|
|
891 a formatted warning, with a non-default CLASS or LABEL.
|
|
|
892
|
|
|
893 ** The new function `split-path' can now be used to explode the
|
|
|
894 components of a colon-separated search path into a list.
|
|
|
895
|
|
|
896 (split-path "foo:bar")
|
|
|
897 => ("foo" "bar")
|
|
|
898
|
|
|
899 ** Specifiers and symbols whose value is a specifier are now allowed
|
|
|
900 as modeline specifications.
|
|
|
901
|
|
|
902 ** defcustom now accepts the keyword `:version'. Use this to specify
|
|
|
903 in which version of Emacs a certain variable's default value changed.
|
|
|
904 For example,
|
|
|
905
|
|
|
906 (defcustom foo-max 34 "*Maximum number of foo's allowed."
|
|
|
907 :type 'integer
|
|
|
908 :group 'foo
|
|
|
909 :version "21.0")
|
|
|
910
|
|
|
911 This information is used to control the customize-changed-options
|
|
|
912 command.
|
|
|
913
|
|
|
914 ** The line number tracking in modeline is now efficient, even for
|
|
|
915 very large buffers. This is achieved by caching the line numbers of
|
|
|
916 recent buffer positions, and reusing them. This cache is used only in
|
|
|
917 the buffers where `line-number-mode' is in effect.
|
|
|
918
|
|
|
919 ** When the new GNU Malloc aka Doug Lea Malloc is available, it will
|
|
|
920 be used. This should result in better performance on Linux systems
|
|
|
921 with libc6.
|
|
|
922
|
|
|
923 ** The code XEmacs uses to assemble its various paths into the
|
|
|
924 directory hierarchy has been rewritten to support the package system.
|
|
|
925 Look under "Startup Paths" in the Info documentation for more
|
|
|
926 information.
|
|
|
927
|
|
|
928 *** site-lisp is no longer part of the load-path by default.
|
|
|
929 Its use is deprecated, but you can specify --with-site-lisp=yes at the
|
|
|
930 configure command line to get it back.
|
|
|
931
|
|
|
932 *** `Info-default-directory-list' is now obsolete. If you want to
|
|
|
933 change the path which XEmacs uses to search for info files, set
|
|
|
934 `Info-directory-list' instead.
|
