diff summa/english/FS_iii.html @ 112:5cef55a2686a

through FS_iv/sth2049
author ht
date Sat, 17 Nov 2018 15:42:30 +0000
parents 11682db9b870
children
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--- a/summa/english/FS_iii.html	Sat Jun 30 14:13:54 2018 +0000
+++ b/summa/english/FS_iii.html	Sat Nov 17 15:42:30 2018 +0000
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
                      and fear): and also contrariety according to approach and withdrawal in respect of the same term (as between daring and
                      fear).
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q23_A2-p9"> From what has been said the replies to the objections are evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q23_A2-p9"> <b>Reply to Objections:</b> From what has been said the replies to the objections are evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A2-p10"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A2-p11"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q23_A1.html"></a>
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
                      is contrary thereto; thus the Philosopher says (Rhet. ii, 3) that "calm is contrary to anger," by opposition not of contrariety
                      but of negation or privation.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q23_A3-p9"> From what has been said the replies to the objections are evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q23_A3-p9"> <b>Reply to Objections:</b> From what has been said the replies to the objections are evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A3-p10"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A3-p11"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q23_A2.html"></a>
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A4-p10"> Consequently there are altogether eleven passions differing specifically; six in the concupiscible faculty, and five in the
                      irascible; and under these all the passions of the soul are contained.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q23_A4-p11"> From this the replies to the objections are evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q23_A4-p11"> <b>Reply to Objections:</b> From this the replies to the objections are evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A4-p12"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q23_A4-p13"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q23_A3.html"></a>
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
                      ailing, is not sound; so, this mean in the diseases or passions of the soul, is not sound." For passions are not called "diseases"
                      or "disturbances" of the soul, save when they are not controlled by reason.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q24_A2-p8"> Hence the reply to the First Objection is evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q24_A2-p8"> <b>Reply to Objection 1</b> Hence the reply to the First Objection is evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q24_A2-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> In every passion there is an increase or decrease in the natural movement of the heart, according as the heart is moved more
                      or less intensely by contraction and dilatation; and hence it derives the character of passion. But there is no need for passion
@@ -804,9 +804,10 @@
                   <p id="FS_Q25_A1-p11">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> The remover of an obstacle is not a direct but an accidental mover: and here we are speaking of passions as directly related
                      to one another. Moreover, the irascible passion removes the obstacle that hinders the concupiscible from resting in its object.
-                     Wherefore it only follows that the irascible passions precede those concupiscible passions that connote rest. The third object
-                     leads to the same conclusion.
-                  </p>
+                     Wherefore it only follows that the irascible passions precede those concupiscible passions that connote rest.
+                  </p>
+      <p id="FS_Q25_A1-p12"><b>Reply to Objection 3:</b>The third object
+                     leads to the same conclusion.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q25_A1-p12"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q25_A1-p13"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q25.html"></a>
@@ -1244,7 +1245,7 @@
                      <b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> Love is not divided into friendship and concupiscence, but into love of friendship, and love of concupiscence. For a friend
                      is, properly speaking, one to whom we wish good: while we are said to desire, what we wish for ourselves.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q26_A4-p9"> Hence the Reply to the Second Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q26_A4-p9"> <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> Hence the Reply to the Second Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q26_A4-p10">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 3:</b> When friendship is based on usefulness or pleasure, a man does indeed wish his friend some good: and in this respect the
                      character of friendship is preserved. But since he refers this good further to his own pleasure or use, the result is that
@@ -1435,7 +1436,7 @@
                      among themselves," because they hinder one another's gain: and why "there are contentions among the proud," because they hinder
                      one another in attaining the position they covet.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q27_A3-p10"> Hence the Reply to the First Objection is evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q27_A3-p10"><b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> Hence the Reply to the First Objection is evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q27_A3-p11">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> Even when a man loves in another what he loves not in himself, there is a certain likeness of proportion: because as the
                      latter is to that which is loved in him, so is the former to that which he loves in himself: for instance, if a good singer
@@ -1822,7 +1823,7 @@
                      this change being excessive: just as it happens in the senses, and in every act of a power of the soul that is exercised through
                      the change of some bodily organ.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q28_A5-p8"> In reply to the objections, it is to be observed that four proximate effects may be ascribed to love: viz. melting, enjoyment,
+                  <p id="FS_Q28_A5-p8"><b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> In reply to the objections, it is to be observed that four proximate effects may be ascribed to love: viz. melting, enjoyment,
                      languor, and fervor. Of these the first is "melting," which is opposed to freezing. For things that are frozen, are closely
                      bound together, so as to be hard to pierce. But it belongs to love that the appetite is fitted to receive the good which is
                      loved, inasmuch as the object loved is in the lover, as stated above 
@@ -2101,7 +2102,7 @@
                      according to what they take themselves to be, while they hate that which they really are, by desiring what is contrary to
                      reason. And in both these ways, "he that loveth iniquity hateth" not only "his own soul," but also himself.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q29_A4-p8"> Wherefore the reply to the First Objection is evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q29_A4-p8"><b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> Wherefore the reply to the First Objection is evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q29_A4-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> No man wills and works evil to himself, except he apprehend it under the aspect of good. For even they who kill themselves,
                      apprehend death itself as a good, considered as putting an end to some unhappiness or pain.
@@ -4320,7 +4321,7 @@
                      therefore on the part of the subject every pleasure is a remedy for any kind of sorrow, and every sorrow is a hindrance of
                      all manner of pleasure: but chiefly when pleasure is opposed to sorrow specifically.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q35_A4-p11"> Wherefore the Reply to the Third Objection is evident. Or we may say that, although not every sorrow is specifically contrary
+                  <p id="FS_Q35_A4-p11"><b>Reply to Objection 3:</b> Wherefore the Reply to the Third Objection is evident. Or we may say that, although not every sorrow is specifically contrary
                      to every pleasure, yet they are contrary to one another in regard to their effects: since one has the effect of strengthening
                      the animal nature, while the other results in a kind of discomfort.
                   </p>
@@ -6320,7 +6321,7 @@
                      evil; both of which are contrary to the inclination of nature. Wherefore such like passions are in no way ascribed to inanimate
                      beings.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q41_A3-p9"> Thus the Replies to the Objections are evident.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q41_A3-p9"><b>Reply to the Objections</b> are evident.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q41_A3-p10"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q41_A3-p11"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q41_A2.html"></a>
@@ -6356,7 +6357,7 @@
                      <b>Objection 5:</b> Further, Philosophers have been led by amazement to seek the truth, as stated in the beginning of Metaphysics. But fear leads
                      to flight rather than to search. Therefore amazement is not a species of fear.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q41_A4-p7"> On the contrary suffices the authority of Damascene and Gregory of Nyssa [*Nemesius] (Cf. OBJ 1,3).</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q41_A4-p7"><b>On the contrary,</b> suffices the authority of Damascene and Gregory of Nyssa [*Nemesius] (Cf. OBJ 1,3).</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q41_A4-p8">
                      <b>I answer that,</b> As stated above 
                      <a id="FS_Q41_A4-p8.1" shape="rect" href="summa.FS_Q41_A2.html">(A[2])</a>, fear regards a future evil which surpasses the power of him that fears, so that it is irresistible. Now man's evil, like
@@ -6463,7 +6464,7 @@
                   <p id="FS_Q42_A1-p9"> In like manner one fears "to be over another," i.e. to lean on another, so that it is in his power to do us a harm: thus
                      a man fears another, who knows him to be guilty of a crime lest he reveal it to others.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q42_A1-p10"> This suffices for the Replies to the Objections.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q42_A1-p10"> <b>Reply to objections</b> This suffices for the Replies to the Objections.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q42_A1-p11"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q42_A1-p12"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q42.html"></a>
@@ -7010,7 +7011,7 @@
                      are: thus to a lover, what he loves seems better; to him that fears, what he fears seems more dreadful. Consequently owing
                      to the want of right judgment, every passion, considered in itself, hinders the faculty of giving good counsel.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q44_A2-p8"> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q44_A2-p8">  <b>Reply to objections</b> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q44_A2-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> The stronger a passion is, the greater the hindrance is it to the man who is swayed by it. Consequently, when fear is intense,
                      man does indeed wish to take counsel, but his thoughts are so disturbed, that he can find no counsel. If, however, the fear
@@ -7065,7 +7066,7 @@
                      and urinary or even seminal evacuation. Or else such like evacuations are due to contraction of the abdomen and testicles,
                      as the Philosopher says (De Problem. xxii, 11).
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q44_A3-p8"> This suffices for the Reply to the Second Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q44_A3-p8">  <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> This suffices for the Reply to the Second Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q44_A3-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 3:</b> In fear, heat abandons the heart, with a downward movement: hence in those who are afraid the heart especially trembles,
                      as also those members which are connected with the breast where the heart resides. Hence those who fear tremble especially
@@ -7112,7 +7113,7 @@
                      counsel and work with greater attention. If, however, fear increases so much as to disturb the reason, it hinders action even
                      on the part of the soul. But of such a fear the Apostle does not speak.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q44_A4-p7"> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q44_A4-p7">  <b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q44_A4-p8">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> He that falls from a plank placed aloft, suffers a disturbance of his imagination, through fear of the fall that is pictured
                      to his imagination.
@@ -7508,7 +7509,7 @@
                      to him. Whereas anger regards one object under the aspect of evil, viz. the noxious person, on whom it seeks to be avenged.
                      Consequently it is a passion somewhat made up of contrary passions.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q46_A2-p9"> This suffices for the Replies to the Objections.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q46_A2-p9">  <b>Reply to objections:</b> This suffices for the Replies to the Objections.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q46_A2-p10"></p>
                   <p id="FS_Q46_A2-p11"></p>
                   <a href="summa.FS_Q46_A1.html"></a>
@@ -8059,7 +8060,7 @@
                      of defect is above all a cause of grief; since men who suffer from some defect are more easily hurt. And this is why men who
                      are weak, or subject to some other defect, are more easily angered, since they are more easily grieved.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q47_A3-p8"> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q47_A3-p8"> <b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q47_A3-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> If a man be despised in a matter in which he evidently excels greatly, he does not consider himself the loser thereby, and
                      therefore is not grieved: and in this respect he is less angered. But in another respect, in so far as he is more undeservedly
@@ -8114,7 +8115,7 @@
                      <a class="scripRef" id="FS_Q47_A4-p7.1" href="./asv.html#Prov.15.1" target="asv">Prov. 15:1</a>: "A mild answer breaketh wrath": because, to wit, they seem not to despise, but rather to think much of those before whom
                      they humble themselves.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q47_A4-p8"> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q47_A4-p8"> <b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> This suffices for the Reply to the First Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q47_A4-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> There are two reasons why anger ceases at the sight of death. One is because the dead are incapable of sorrow and sensation;
                      and this is chiefly what the angry seek in those with whom they are angered. Another reason is because the dead seem to have
@@ -8381,7 +8382,7 @@
                      <b>Reply to Objection 1:</b> Anger sometimes goes so far as to hinder the reason from curbing the tongue: but sometimes it goes yet farther, so as to
                      paralyze the tongue and other outward members.
                   </p>
-                  <p id="FS_Q48_A4-p8"> And this suffices for the Reply to the Second Objection.</p>
+                  <p id="FS_Q48_A4-p8"> <b>Reply to Objection 2:</b> And this suffices for the Reply to the Second Objection.</p>
                   <p id="FS_Q48_A4-p9">
                      <b>Reply to Objection 3:</b> The disturbance of the heart may sometimes superabound to the extend that the movements of the outward members are hindered
                      by the inordinate movement of the heart. Thence ensue taciturnity and immobility of the outward members; and sometimes even
@@ -8399,4 +8400,4 @@
             <a href="summa.FS_Q21_A4.html"></a>
             <a href="summa.FS_Q22.html"></a>
          `
-     </div>
\ No newline at end of file
+     </div>