Aquinas: summa/latin/sth2049.html annotate

annotate summa/latin/sth2049.html @ 90:f5ba56cfd1ca

started

author	ht
date	Sun, 16 Jun 2013 14:47:31 +0000
parents	d777cc3962f2
children	71f2c033089e

rev	line source
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	2 <!DOCTYPE html
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	3 PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "file:///c:/cygwin/usr/local/share/lib/xml/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	4 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA" lang="LA">
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	5 <head>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	6 <meta content="HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" name="generator"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	7 <meta content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" http-equiv="Content-Type"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	8 <meta content="text/css" http-equiv="Content-Style-Type"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	9 <meta content="text/javascript" http-equiv="Content-Script-Type"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	10 <meta content="Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" name="keywords"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	11 <meta content="Latin" name="language"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	12 <meta content="public" name="security"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	13 <meta content="ealarcon@unav.es" name="owner"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	14 <meta content="Enrique Alarcón" name="author"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	15 <meta content="" name="abstract"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	16 <link type="text/css" href="vscreen.css" media="screen" rel="stylesheet"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	17 <link type="text/css" href="vprint.css" media="print" rel="stylesheet"/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	18 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Iª-IIae q.
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	19 49-54</title>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	20 </head>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	21 <body><a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"/><div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div><div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div><div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div><div class="dos">prima pars secundae partis a quaestione XLIX ad
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	22 quaestionem LIV</div><div class="centro">
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	23 <table summary="Imago" align="center">
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	24 <tr>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	25 <th><img align="middle" alt="Thomas de Aquino a Filippino Lippi depictus (Cappella Carafa, S. Maria sopra Minerva, Roma)" border="0" height="190" width="275" src="icons/fugit190.jpg"/></th>
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	26 </tr>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	27 </table>
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	28 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	29 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1891 editum<br/>
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	30 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	31 magneticas<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	32 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarcón atque instruxit<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	33 <br/></span><br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	34 <hr/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	35 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	36 <p><a href="sth2040.html"><img alt="age retro" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageretro.gif"/></a>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	37 <a href="sth2055.html"><img alt="age ultra" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageultra.gif"/></a></p>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	38 <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	39 //
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	40 <!--
26 4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	41 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	42 function go(){if(document.selecter.select1.options[document.selecter.select1.selectedIndex].value !="none"){location=document.selecter.select1.options[document.selecter.select1.selectedIndex].value}}
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	43 document.write('<FORM NAME="selecter"><SELECT NAME="select1">');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	44 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">INDEX');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	45 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">------------------------------------------------');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	46 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="index.html">Corpus Thomisticum');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	47 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="iopera.html">Opera omnia');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	48 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="zbiblia.html">Bibliographia Thomistica');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	49 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">------------------------------------------------');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	50 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35593">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	51 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35594">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	52 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35595">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	53 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35596">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	54 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35597">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	55 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35598">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	56 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35599">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	57 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35600">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	58 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35601">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	59 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35602">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	60 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35603">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	61 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35604">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	62 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35605">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	63 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35606">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	64 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35607">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	65 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35608">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	66 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35609">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	67 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35610">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	68 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35611">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	69 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35612">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	70 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35613">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	71 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35614">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	72 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35615">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	73 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35616">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	74 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35617">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	75 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35618">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	76 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35619">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	77 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35620">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	78 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35621">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	79 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35622">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	80 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35623">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	81 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35624">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	82 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35625">I&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	83 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35626">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	84 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35627">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	85 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35628">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	86 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35629">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	87 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35630">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	88 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35631">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	89 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35632">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	90 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35633">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	91 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35634">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	92 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35635">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	93 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35636">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	94 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35637">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	95 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35638">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	96 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35639">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	97 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35640">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	98 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35641">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	99 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35642">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	100 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35643">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	101 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35644">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	102 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35645">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	103 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35646">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	104 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35647">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	105 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35648">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	106 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35649">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	107 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35650">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	108 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35651">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	109 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35652">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	110 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35653">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	111 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35654">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	112 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35655">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	113 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35656">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	114 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35657">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	115 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35658">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	116 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35659">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	117 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35660">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	118 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35661">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	119 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35662">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	120 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35663">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	121 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35664">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	122 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35665">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	123 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35666">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	124 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35667">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	125 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35668">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	126 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35669">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	127 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35670">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	128 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35671">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	129 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35672">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	130 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35673">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	131 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35674">I&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	132 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35675">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	133 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35676">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	134 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35677">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	135 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35678">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	136 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35679">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	137 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35680">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	138 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35681">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	139 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35682">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	140 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35683">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	141 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35684">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	142 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35685">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	143 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35686">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	144 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35687">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	145 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35688">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	146 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35689">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	147 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35690">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	148 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35691">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	149 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35692">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	150 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35693">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	151 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35694">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	152 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35695">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	153 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35696">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	154 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35697">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 ad');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	155 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35698">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	156 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35699">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	157 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35700">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	158 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35701">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	159 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35702">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	160 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35703">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	161 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35704">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	162 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35705">I&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	163 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35706">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	164 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35707">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	165 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35708">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	166 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35709">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	167 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35710">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	168 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35711">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	169 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35712">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	170 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35713">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	171 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35714">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	172 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35715">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	173 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35716">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	174 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35717">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	175 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35718">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	176 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35719">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	177 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35720">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	178 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35721">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	179 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35722">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	180 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35723">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	181 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35724">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	182 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35725">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	183 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35726">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	184 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35727">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	185 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35728">I&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 ad');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	186 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35729">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	187 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35730">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	188 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35731">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	189 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35732">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	190 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35733">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	191 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35734">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	192 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35735">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	193 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35736">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	194 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35737">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	195 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35738">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	196 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35739">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	197 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35740">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	198 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35741">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	199 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35742">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	200 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35743">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	201 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35744">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	202 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35745">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	203 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35746">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	204 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35747">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	205 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35748">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	206 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35749">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	207 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35750">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	208 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35751">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	209 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35752">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	210 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35753">I&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	211 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35754">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	212 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35755">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	213 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35756">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	214 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35757">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	215 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35758">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	216 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35759">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	217 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35760">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	218 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35761">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	219 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35762">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	220 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35763">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	221 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35764">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	222 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35765">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	223 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35766">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	224 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35767">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	225 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35768">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	226 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35769">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	227 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35770">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	228 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35771">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	229 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35772">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	230 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35773">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	231 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35774">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	232 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35775">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	233 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35776">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	234 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35777">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	235 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35778">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	236 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35779">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	237 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35780">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	238 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35781">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	239 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35782">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	240 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35783">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	241 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35784">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	242 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35785">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	243 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#35786">I&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	244 document.write('<\/SELECT>');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	245 document.write('<BR><BR>');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	246 document.write('<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()">');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	247 document.write('<\/FORM>');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	248 // -->
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	249 //
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	250 </script><br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	251 <hr/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	252 <br/></div><div class="q" id="q49"><h2>Quaestio 49</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 49 pr."><a name="35593"><span class="ref">[35593]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	253 Iª-IIae q. 49 pr.</span></a> Post actus et passiones,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	254 considerandum est de principiis humanorum actuum. Et primo, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	255 principiis intrinsecis; secundo, de principiis extrinsecis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	256 Principium autem intrinsecum est potentia et habitus; sed quia de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	257 potentiis in prima parte dictum est, nunc restat de habitibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	258 considerandum. Et primo quidem, in generali; secundo vero, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	259 virtutibus et vitiis, et aliis huiusmodi habitibus, qui sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	260 humanorum actuum principia. Circa ipsos autem habitus in generali,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	261 quatuor consideranda sunt, primo quidem, de ipsa substantia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	262 habituum, secundo, de subiecto eorum; tertio, de causa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	263 generationis, augmenti et corruptionis ipsorum; quarto, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	264 distinctione ipsorum. Circa primum quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	265 habitus sit qualitas. Secundo, utrum sit determinata species
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	266 qualitatis. Tertio, utrum habitus importet ordinem ad actum.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	267 Quarto, de necessitate habitus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="35594"><span class="ref">[35594] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	268 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus non sit qualitas. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	269 Augustinus, in libro octoginta trium quaest., quod <i>hoc nomen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	270 habitus dictum est ab hoc verbo quod est habere</i>. Sed habere non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	271 solum pertinet ad qualitatem, sed ad alia genera, dicimur enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	272 habere etiam quantitatem, et pecuniam, et alia huiusmodi. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	273 habitus non est qualitas.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="35595"><span class="ref">[35595] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	274 habitus ponitur unum praedicamentum; ut patet in libro
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	275 praedicamentorum. Sed unum praedicamentum non continetur sub alio.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	276 Ergo habitus non est qualitas.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="35596"><span class="ref">[35596] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a>
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	277 <i>Praeterea, omnis habitus est dispositio</i>, ut dicitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	278 praedicamentis. Sed dispositio est ordo habentis partes, ut dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	279 in V Metaphys. Hoc autem pertinet ad praedicamentum situs. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	280 habitus non est qualitas.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 s. c."><a name="35597"><span class="ref">[35597] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	281 est quod philosophus dicit, in praedicamentis, quod habitus est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	282 qualitas de difficili mobilis.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 co."><a name="35598"><span class="ref">[35598] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	283 dicendum quod hoc nomen habitus ab habendo est sumptum. A quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	284 quidem nomen habitus dupliciter derivatur, uno quidem modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	285 secundum quod homo, vel quaecumque alia res, dicitur aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	286 habere; alio modo, secundum quod aliqua res aliquo modo se habet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	287 seipsa vel ad aliquid aliud. Circa primum autem, considerandum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	288 quod habere, secundum quod dicitur respectu cuiuscumque quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	289 habetur, commune est ad diversa genera. Unde philosophus inter post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	290 praedicamenta habere ponit, quae scilicet diversa rerum genera
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	291 consequuntur; sicut sunt opposita, et prius et posterius, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	292 huiusmodi. Sed inter ea quae habentur, talis videtur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	293 distinctio, quod quaedam sunt in quibus nihil est medium inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	294 habens et id quod habetur, sicut inter subiectum et qualitatem vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	295 quantitatem nihil est medium. Quaedam vero sunt in quibus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	296 aliquid medium inter utrumque, sed sola relatio, sicut dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	297 aliquis habere socium vel amicum. Quaedam vero sunt inter quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	298 aliquid medium, non quidem actio vel passio, sed aliquid per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	299 actionis vel passionis, prout scilicet unum est ornans vel tegens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	300 et aliud ornatum aut tectum, unde philosophus dicit, in V
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	301 Metaphys., quod <i>habitus dicitur tanquam actio quaedam habentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	302 et habiti</i>, sicut est in illis quae circa nos habemus. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	303 in his constituitur unum speciale genus rerum, quod dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	304 praedicamentum habitus, de quo dicit philosophus, in V Metaphys.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	305 quod <i>inter habentem indumentum, et indumentum quod habetur, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	306 habitus medius</i>. Si autem sumatur habere prout res aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	307 dicitur quodam modo se habere in seipsa vel ad aliud; cum iste
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	308 modus se habendi sit secundum aliquam qualitatem, hoc modo habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	309 quaedam qualitas est, de quo philosophus, in V Metaphys., dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	310 quod habitus dicitur dispositio secundum quam bene vel male
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	311 disponitur dispositum, et aut secundum se aut ad aliud, ut sanitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	312 habitus quidam est. Et sic loquimur nunc de habitu. Unde dicendum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	313 est quod habitus est qualitas.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="35599"><span class="ref">[35599] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	314 ergo dicendum quod obiectio illa procedit de habere communiter
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	315 sumpto, sic enim est commune ad multa genera, ut dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="35600"><span class="ref">[35600] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	316 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit de habitu secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	317 intelligitur aliquid medium inter habens et id quod habetur, sic
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	318 enim est quoddam praedicamentum, ut dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="35601"><span class="ref">[35601] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	319 dicendum quod dispositio quidem semper importat ordinem alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	320 habentis partes, sed hoc contingit tripliciter, ut statim ibidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	321 philosophus subdit, scilicet aut secundum locum, aut secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	322 potentiam, aut secundum speciem. In quo, ut Simplicius dicit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	323 commento praedicamentorum, comprehendit omnes dispositiones.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	324 Corporales quidem, in eo quod dicit secundum locum, et hoc pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	325 ad praedicamentum situs, qui est ordo partium in loco. Quod autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	326 dicit secundum potentiam, includit illas dispositiones quae sunt in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	327 praeparatione et idoneitate nondum perfecte, sicut scientia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	328 virtus inchoata. Quod autem dicit secundum speciem, includit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	329 perfectas dispositiones, quae dicuntur habitus, sicut scientia et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	330 virtus complete.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="35602"><span class="ref">[35602] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	331 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus non sit determinata species
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	332 qualitatis. Quia, ut dictum est, habitus, secundum quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	333 qualitas, dicitur dispositio secundum quam bene aut male disponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	334 dispositum. Sed hoc contingit secundum quamlibet qualitatem, nam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	335 secundum figuram contingit aliquid bene vel male esse dispositum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	336 et similiter secundum calorem et frigus, et secundum omnia
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	337 huiusmodi. Ergo habitus non est determinata species qualitatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="35603"><span class="ref">[35603] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	338 philosophus, in praedicamentis, caliditatem et frigiditatem dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	339 esse dispositiones vel habitus, sicut aegritudinem et sanitatem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	340 Sed calor et frigus sunt in tertia specie qualitatis. Ergo habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	341 vel dispositio non distinguuntur ab aliis speciebus qualitatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="35604"><span class="ref">[35604] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	342 difficile mobile non est differentia pertinens ad genus qualitatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	343 sed magis pertinet ad motum vel passionem. Nullum autem genus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	344 determinatur ad speciem per differentiam alterius generis; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	345 oportet differentias per se advenire generi, ut philosophus dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	346 in VII Metaphys. Ergo, cum habitus dicatur esse qualitas difficile
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	347 mobilis, videtur quod non sit determinata species qualitatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 s. c."><a name="35605"><span class="ref">[35605] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	348 est quod philosophus dicit, in praedicamentis, quod <i>una species
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	349 qualitatis est habitus et dispositio</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 co."><a name="35606"><span class="ref">[35606] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	350 dicendum quod philosophus, in praedicamentis, ponit inter quatuor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	351 species qualitatis primam, dispositionem et habitum. Quarum quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	352 specierum differentias sic assignat Simplicius, in commento
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	353 praedicamentorum, dicens quod <i>qualitatum quaedam sunt naturales,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	354 quae secundum naturam insunt, et semper, quaedam autem sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	355 adventitiae, quae ab extrinseco efficiuntur, et possunt amitti. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	356 haec quidem</i>, quae sunt adventitiae, <i>sunt habitus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	357 dispositiones, secundum facile et difficile amissibile differentes.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	358 Naturalium autem qualitatum quaedam sunt secundum id quod aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	359 est in potentia, et sic est secunda species qualitatis. Quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	360 vero secundum quod aliquid est in actu, et hoc vel in profundum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	361 vel secundum superficiem. Si in profundum quidem, sic est tertia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	362 species qualitatis, secundum vero superficiem, est quarta species
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	363 qualitatis, sicut figura et forma, quae est figura animati</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	364 ista distinctio specierum qualitatis inconveniens videtur. Sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	365 enim multae figurae et qualitates passibiles non naturales, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	366 adventitiae, et multae dispositiones non adventitiae, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	367 naturales, sicut sanitas et pulchritudo et huiusmodi. Et praeterea
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	368 hoc non convenit ordini specierum, semper enim quod naturalius est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	369 prius est. Et ideo aliter accipienda est distinctio dispositionum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	370 et habituum ab aliis qualitatibus. Proprie enim qualitas importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	371 quendam modum substantiae. Modus autem est, ut dicit Augustinus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	372 super Gen. ad litteram, quem mensura praefigit, unde importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	373 quandam determinationem secundum aliquam mensuram. Et ideo sicut id
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	374 secundum quod determinatur potentia materiae secundum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	375 substantiale dicitur qualitas quae est differentia substantiae; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	376 id secundum quod determinatur potentia subiecti secundum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	377 accidentale, dicitur qualitas accidentalis, quae est etiam quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	378 differentia, ut patet per philosophum in V Metaphys. Modus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	379 sive determinatio subiecti secundum esse accidentale, potest accipi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	380 vel in ordine ad ipsam naturam subiecti; vel secundum actionem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	381 passionem quae consequuntur principia naturae, quae sunt materia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	382 forma; vel secundum quantitatem. Si autem accipiatur modus vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	383 determinatio subiecti secundum quantitatem, sic est quarta species
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	384 qualitatis. Et quia quantitas, secundum sui rationem, est sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	385 motu, et sine ratione boni et mali; ideo ad quartam speciem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	386 qualitatis non pertinet quod aliquid sit bene vel male, cito vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	387 tarde transiens. Modus autem sive determinatio subiecti secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	388 actionem et passionem, attenditur in secunda et tertia specie
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	389 qualitatis. Et ideo in utraque consideratur quod aliquid facile vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	390 difficile fiat, vel quod sit cito transiens aut diuturnum. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	391 autem consideratur in his aliquid pertinens ad rationem boni vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	392 mali, quia motus et passiones non habent rationem finis, bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	393 autem et malum dicitur per respectum ad finem. Sed modus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	394 determinatio subiecti in ordine ad naturam rei, pertinet ad primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	395 speciem qualitatis, quae est habitus et dispositio, dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	396 philosophus, in VII Physic., loquens de habitibus animae et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	397 corporis, quod sunt <i>dispositiones quaedam perfecti ad optimum;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	398 dico autem perfecti, quod est dispositum secundum naturam. Et quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	399 ipsa forma et natura rei est finis et cuius causa fit aliquid</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	400 ut dicitur in II Physic. ideo in prima specie consideratur et bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	401 et malum; et etiam facile et difficile mobile, secundum quod aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	402 natura est finis generationis et motus. Unde in V Metaphys.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	403 philosophus definit habitum, quod est dispositio secundum quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	404 aliquis disponitur bene vel male. Et in II Ethic. dicit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	405 <i>habitus sunt secundum quos ad passiones nos habemus bene vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	406 male</i>. Quando enim est modus conveniens naturae rei, tunc habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	407 rationem boni, quando autem non convenit, tunc habet rationem mali.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	408 Et quia natura est id quod primum consideratur in re, ideo habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	409 ponitur prima species qualitatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="35607"><span class="ref">[35607] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	410 ergo dicendum quod dispositio ordinem quendam importat, ut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	411 est. Unde non dicitur aliquis disponi per qualitatem, nisi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	412 ordine ad aliquid. Et si addatur bene vel male, quod pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	413 rationem habitus, oportet quod attendatur ordo ad naturam, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	414 finis. Unde secundum figuram, vel secundum calorem vel frigus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	415 dicitur aliquis disponi bene vel male, nisi secundum ordinem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	416 naturam rei, secundum quod est conveniens vel non conveniens. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	417 et ipsae figurae et passibiles qualitates, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	418 considerantur ut convenientes vel non convenientes naturae rei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	419 pertinent ad habitus vel dispositiones, nam figura, prout convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	420 naturae rei, et color, pertinent ad pulchritudinem; calor autem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	421 frigus, secundum quod conveniunt naturae rei, pertinent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	422 sanitatem. Et hoc modo caliditas et frigiditas ponuntur a
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	423 philosopho in prima specie qualitatis.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="35608"><span class="ref">[35608] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Unde patet
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	424 solutio ad secundum. Licet a quibusdam aliter solvatur, ut
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	425 Simplicius dicit, in commento praedicamentorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="35609"><span class="ref">[35609] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	426 dicendum quod ista differentia, difficile mobile, non diversificat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	427 habitum ab aliis speciebus qualitatis, sed a dispositione.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	428 Dispositio autem dupliciter accipitur, uno modo, secundum quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	429 genus habitus, nam in V Metaphys. dispositio ponitur in definitione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	430 habitus; alio modo, secundum quod est aliquid contra habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	431 divisum. Et potest intelligi dispositio proprie dicta condividi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	432 contra habitum, dupliciter. Uno modo, sicut perfectum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	433 imperfectum in eadem specie, ut scilicet dispositio dicatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	434 retinens nomen commune, quando imperfecte inest, ita quod de facile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	435 amittitur; habitus autem, quando perfecte inest, ut non de facili
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	436 amittatur. Et sic dispositio fit habitus, sicut puer fit vir. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	437 modo possunt distingui sicut diversae species unius generis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	438 subalterni, ut dicantur dispositiones illae qualitates primae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	439 speciei, quibus convenit secundum propriam rationem ut de facili
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	440 amittantur, quia habent causas transmutabiles, ut aegritudo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	441 sanitas; habitus vero dicuntur illae qualitates quae secundum suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	442 rationem habent quod non de facili transmutentur, quia habent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	443 causas immobiles, sicut scientiae et virtutes. Et secundum hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	444 dispositio non fit habitus. Et hoc videtur magis consonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	445 intentioni Aristotelis. Unde ad huius distinctionis probationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	446 inducit communem loquendi consuetudinem, secundum quam qualitates
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	447 quae secundum rationem suam sunt facile mobiles, si ex aliquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	448 accidenti difficile mobiles reddantur, habitus dicuntur, et e
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	449 converso est de qualitatibus quae secundum suam rationem sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	450 difficile mobiles; nam si aliquis imperfecte habeat scientiam, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	451 de facili possit ipsam amittere, magis dicitur disponi ad scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	452 quam scientiam habere. Ex quo patet quod nomen habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	453 diuturnitatem quandam importat; non autem nomen dispositionis. Nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	454 impeditur quin secundum hoc facile et difficile mobile sint
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	455 specificae differentiae, propter hoc quod ista pertinent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	456 passionem et motum, et non ad genus qualitatis. Nam istae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	457 differentiae, quamvis per accidens videantur se habere ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	458 qualitatem, designant tamen proprias et per se differentias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	459 qualitatum. Sicut etiam in genere substantiae frequenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	460 accipiuntur differentiae accidentales loco substantialium,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	461 inquantum per eas designantur principia essentialia.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="35610"><span class="ref">[35610] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	462 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus non importet ordinem ad actum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	463 Unumquodque enim agit secundum quod est actu. Sed philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	464 dicit, in III de anima, quod <i>cum aliquis fit sciens secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	465 habitum, est etiam tunc in potentia, aliter tamen quam ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	466 addiscere</i>. Ergo habitus non importat habitudinem principii ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	467 actum.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="35611"><span class="ref">[35611] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	468 illud quod ponitur in definitione alicuius, per se convenit illi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	469 Sed esse principium actionis ponitur in definitione potentiae; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	470 patet in V Metaphys. Ergo esse principium actus per se convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	471 potentiae. Quod autem est per se, est primum in unoquoque genere.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	472 Si ergo etiam habitus sit principium actus, sequitur quod sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	473 posterior quam potentia. Et sic non erit prima species qualitatis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	474 habitus vel dispositio.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="35612"><span class="ref">[35612] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	475 sanitas quandoque est habitus, et similiter macies et pulchritudo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	476 Sed ista non dicuntur per ordinem ad actum. Non ergo est de ratione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	477 habitus quod sit principium actus.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 s. c."><a name="35613"><span class="ref">[35613] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	478 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de bono coniugali, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	479 <i>habitus est quo aliquid agitur cum opus est</i>. Et Commentator
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	480 dicit, in III de anima, quod <i>habitus est quo quis agit cum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	481 voluerit</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 co."><a name="35614"><span class="ref">[35614] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	482 dicendum quod habere ordinem ad actum potest competere habitui et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	483 secundum rationem habitus; et secundum rationem subiecti in quo est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	484 habitus. Secundum quidem rationem habitus, convenit omni habitui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	485 aliquo modo habere ordinem ad actum. Est enim de ratione habitus ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	486 importet habitudinem quandam in ordine ad naturam rei, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	487 quod convenit vel non convenit. Sed natura rei, quae est finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	488 generationis, ulterius etiam ordinatur ad alium finem, qui vel est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	489 operatio, vel aliquod operatum, ad quod quis pervenit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	490 operationem. Unde habitus non solum importat ordinem ad ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	491 naturam rei, sed etiam consequenter ad operationem, inquantum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	492 finis naturae, vel perducens ad finem. Unde et in V Metaphys.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	493 dicitur in definitione habitus, quod est dispositio secundum quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	494 bene vel male disponitur dispositum aut secundum se, idest secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	495 suam naturam, aut ad aliud, idest in ordine ad finem. Sed sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	496 quidam habitus qui etiam ex parte subiecti in quo sunt, primo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	497 principaliter important ordinem ad actum. Quia ut dictum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	498 habitus primo et per se importat habitudinem ad naturam rei. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	499 igitur natura rei in qua est habitus, consistat in ipso ordine ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	500 actum, sequitur quod habitus principaliter importet ordinem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	501 actum. Manifestum est autem quod natura et ratio potentiae est ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	502 sit principium actus. Unde omnis habitus qui est alicuius potentiae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	503 ut subiecti, principaliter importat ordinem ad actum.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="35615"><span class="ref">[35615] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	504 ergo dicendum quod habitus est actus quidam, inquantum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	505 qualitas, et secundum hoc potest esse principium operationis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	506 est in potentia per respectum ad operationem. Unde habitus dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	507 actus primus, et operatio actus secundus; ut patet in II de
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	508 anima.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="35616"><span class="ref">[35616] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	509 dicendum quod non est de ratione habitus quod respiciat potentiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	510 sed quod respiciat naturam. Et quia natura praecedit actionem, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	511 respicit potentia; ideo prior species qualitatis ponitur habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	512 quam potentia.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="35617"><span class="ref">[35617] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	513 dicendum quod sanitas dicitur habitus, vel habitualis dispositio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	514 in ordine ad naturam, sicut dictum est. Inquantum tamen natura est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	515 principium actus, ex consequenti importat ordinem ad actum. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	516 philosophus dicit, in X de historia Animal., quod homo dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	517 sanus, vel membrum aliquod, quando potest facere operationem sani.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	518 Et est simile in aliis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="35618"><span class="ref">[35618] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	519 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non sit necessarium esse habitus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	520 Habitus enim sunt quibus aliquid disponitur bene vel male ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	521 aliquid, sicut dictum est. Sed per suam formam aliquid bene vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	522 male disponitur, nam secundum formam aliquid est bonum, sicut et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	523 ens. Ergo nulla necessitas est habituum.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="35619"><span class="ref">[35619] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	524 habitus importat ordinem ad actum. Sed potentia importat principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	525 actus sufficienter, nam et potentiae naturales absque habitibus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	526 sunt principia actuum. Ergo non fuit necessarium habitus esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="35620"><span class="ref">[35620] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	527 sicut potentia se habet ad bonum et malum, ita et habitus, et sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	528 potentia non semper agit, ita nec habitus. Existentibus igitur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	529 potentiis, superfluum fuit habitum esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 s. c."><a name="35621"><span class="ref">[35621] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	530 est quod habitus sunt perfectiones quaedam, ut dicitur in VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	531 Physic. Sed perfectio est maxime necessaria rei, cum habeat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	532 rationem finis. Ergo necessarium fuit habitus esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 co."><a name="35622"><span class="ref">[35622] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	533 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, habitus importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	534 dispositionem quandam in ordine ad naturam rei, et ad operationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	535 vel finem eius, secundum quam bene vel male aliquid ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	536 disponitur. Ad hoc autem quod aliquid indigeat disponi ad alterum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	537 tria requiruntur. Primo quidem, ut id quod disponitur, sit alterum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	538 ab eo ad quod disponitur; et sic se habeat ad ipsum ut potentia ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	539 actum. Unde si aliquid sit cuius natura non sit composita ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	540 potentia et actu, et cuius substantia sit sua operatio, et ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	541 sit propter seipsum; ibi habitus vel dispositio locum non habet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	542 sicut patet in Deo. Secundo requiritur quod id quod est in potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	543 ad alterum, possit pluribus modis determinari, et ad diversa. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	544 si aliquid sit in potentia ad alterum, ita tamen quod non sit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	545 potentia nisi ad ipsum, ibi dispositio et habitus locum non habet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	546 quia tale subiectum ex sua natura habet debitam habitudinem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	547 talem actum. Unde si corpus caeleste sit compositum ex materia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	548 forma, cum illa materia non sit in potentia ad aliam formam, ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	549 primo dictum est, non habet ibi locum dispositio vel habitus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	550 formam; aut etiam ad operationem, quia natura caelestis corporis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	551 non est in potentia nisi ad unum motum determinatum. Tertio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	552 requiritur quod plura concurrant ad disponendum subiectum ad unum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	553 eorum ad quae est in potentia, quae diversis modis commensurari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	554 possunt, ut sic disponatur bene vel male ad formam vel ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	555 operationem. Unde qualitates simplices elementorum, quae secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	556 unum modum determinatum naturis elementorum conveniunt, non dicimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	557 dispositiones vel habitus, sed simplices qualitates, dicimus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	558 dispositiones vel habitus sanitatem, pulchritudinem et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	559 huiusmodi, quae important quandam commensurationem plurium quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	560 diversis modis commensurari possunt. Propter quod philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	561 dicit, in V Metaphys., quod <i>habitus est dispositio, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	562 dispositio est ordo habentis partes vel secundum locum, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	563 secundum potentiam, vel secundum speciem</i>; ut supra dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	564 Quia igitur multa sunt entium ad quorum naturas et operationes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	565 necesse est plura concurrere quae diversis modis commensurari
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	566 possunt, ideo necesse est habitus esse.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="35623"><span class="ref">[35623] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	567 ergo dicendum quod per formam perficitur natura rei, sed oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	568 quod in ordine ad ipsam formam disponatur subiectum aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	569 dispositione. Ipsa tamen forma ordinatur ulterius ad operationem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	570 quae vel est finis, vel via in finem. Et si quidem habeat forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	571 determinate unam tantum operationem determinatam, nulla alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	572 dispositio requiritur ad operationem praeter ipsam formam. Si autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	573 sit talis forma quae possit diversimode operari, sicut est anima;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	574 oportet quod disponatur ad suas operationes per aliquos
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	575 habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="35624"><span class="ref">[35624] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	576 dicendum quod potentia quandoque se habet ad multa, et ideo oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	577 quod aliquo alio determinetur. Si vero sit aliqua potentia quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	578 se habeat ad multa, non indiget habitu determinante, ut dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	579 Et propter hoc vires naturales non agunt operationes suas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	580 mediantibus aliquibus habitibus, quia secundum seipsas sunt
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	581 determinatae ad unum.</p><p title="I-II q. 49 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="35625"><span class="ref">[35625] Iª-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	582 dicendum quod non idem habitus se habet ad bonum et malum, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	583 infra patebit. Eadem autem potentia se habet ad bonum et malum. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	584 ideo necessarii sunt habitus ut potentiae determinentur ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	585 bonum.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q50"><h2>Quaestio 50</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 pr."><a name="35626"><span class="ref">[35626]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	586 Iª-IIae q. 50 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	587 subiecto habituum. Et circa hoc quaeruntur sex. Primo, utrum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	588 corpore sit aliquis habitus. Secundo, utrum anima sit subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	589 habitus secundum suam essentiam, vel secundum suam potentiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	590 Tertio, utrum in potentiis sensitivae partis possit esse aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	591 habitus. Quarto, utrum in ipso intellectu sit aliquis habitus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	592 Quinto, utrum in voluntate sit aliquis habitus. Sexto, utrum in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	593 substantiis separatis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="35627"><span class="ref">[35627] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	594 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in corpore non sit aliquis habitus. Ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	595 enim Commentator dicit, in III de anima, <i>habitus est quo quis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	596 agit cum voluerit</i>. Sed actiones corporales non subiacent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	597 voluntati, cum sint naturales. Ergo in corpore non potest esse
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	598 aliquis habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="35628"><span class="ref">[35628] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	599 omnes dispositiones corporales sunt facile mobiles. Sed habitus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	600 qualitas difficile mobilis. Ergo nulla dispositio corporalis potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	601 esse habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="35629"><span class="ref">[35629] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	602 omnes dispositiones corporales subiacent alterationi. Sed alteratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	603 non est nisi in tertia specie qualitatis, quae dividitur contra
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	604 habitum. Ergo nullus habitus est in corpore.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 s. c."><a name="35630"><span class="ref">[35630] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	605 est quod philosophus, in praedicamentis, sanitatem corporis, vel
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	606 infirmitatem insanabilem, habitum nominari dicit.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 co."><a name="35631"><span class="ref">[35631] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	607 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, habitus est quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	608 dispositio alicuius subiecti existentis in potentia vel ad formam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	609 vel ad operationem. Secundum ergo quod habitus importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	610 dispositionem ad operationem, nullus habitus est principaliter in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	611 corpore sicut in subiecto. Omnis enim operatio corporis est aut a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	612 naturali qualitate corporis; aut est ab anima movente corpus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	613 Quantum igitur ad illas operationes quae sunt a natura, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	614 disponitur corpus per aliquem habitum, quia virtutes naturales sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	615 determinatae ad unum; dictum est autem quod habitualis dispositio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	616 requiritur ubi subiectum est in potentia ad multa. Operationes vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	617 quae sunt ab anima per corpus, principaliter quidem sunt ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	618 animae, secundario vero ipsius corporis. Habitus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	619 proportionantur operationibus, unde ex similibus actibus similes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	620 habitus causantur, ut dicitur in II Ethic. Et ideo dispositiones ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	621 tales operationes principaliter sunt in anima. In corpore vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	622 possunt esse secundario, inquantum scilicet corpus disponitur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	623 habilitatur ad prompte deserviendum operationibus animae. Si vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	624 loquamur de dispositione subiecti ad formam, sic habitualis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	625 dispositio potest esse in corpore, quod comparatur ad animam sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	626 subiectum ad formam. Et hoc modo sanitas et pulchritudo, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	627 huiusmodi, habituales dispositiones dicuntur. Non tamen perfecte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	628 habent rationem habituum, quia causae eorum ex sua natura de facili
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	629 transmutabiles sunt. Alexander vero posuit nullo modo habitum vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	630 dispositionem primae speciei esse in corpore, ut Simplicius refert
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	631 in commento Praedicament., sed dicebat primam speciem qualitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	632 pertinere tantum ad animam. Et quod Aristoteles inducit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	633 praedicamentis de sanitate et aegritudine, non inducit quasi haec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	634 pertineant ad primam speciem qualitatis, sed per modum exempli, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	635 sit sensus quod sicut aegritudo et sanitas possunt esse facile vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	636 difficile mobiles, ita etiam qualitates primae speciei, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	637 dicuntur habitus et dispositio. Sed patet hoc esse contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	638 intentionem Aristotelis. Tum quia eodem modo loquendi utitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	639 exemplificando de sanitate et aegritudine, et de virtute et de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	640 scientia. Tum quia in VII Physic. expresse ponit inter habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	641 pulchritudinem et sanitatem.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="35632"><span class="ref">[35632] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	642 ergo dicendum quod obiectio illa procedit de habitu secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	643 est dispositio ad operationem, et de actibus corporis qui sunt a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	644 natura, non autem de his qui sunt ab anima, quorum principium est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	645 voluntas.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="35633"><span class="ref">[35633] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	646 dicendum quod dispositiones corporales non sunt simpliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	647 difficile mobiles, propter mutabilitatem corporalium causarum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	648 Possunt tamen esse difficile mobiles per comparationem ad tale
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	649 subiectum, quia scilicet, tali subiecto durante, amoveri non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	650 possunt, vel quia sunt difficile mobiles per comparationem ad alias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	651 dispositiones. Sed qualitates animae sunt simpliciter difficile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	652 mobiles, propter immobilitatem subiecti. Et ideo non dicit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	653 sanitas difficile mobilis simpliciter sit habitus, sed quod est ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	654 habitus, sicut in Graeco habetur. Qualitates autem animae dicuntur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	655 simpliciter habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="35634"><span class="ref">[35634] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	656 dicendum quod dispositiones corporales quae sunt in prima specie
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	657 qualitatis, ut quidam posuerunt, differunt a qualitatibus tertiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	658 speciei in hoc, quod qualitates tertiae speciei sunt ut in fieri et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	659 ut in motu, unde dicuntur passiones vel passibiles qualitates.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	660 Quando autem iam pervenerint ad perfectum, quasi ad speciem, tunc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	661 iam sunt in prima specie qualitatis. Sed hoc improbat Simplicius,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	662 in commento praedicamentorum, quia secundum hoc calefactio esset in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	663 tertia specie qualitatis, calor autem in prima, Aristoteles autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	664 ponit calorem in tertia. Unde Porphyrius dicit, sicut idem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	665 Simplicius refert, quod passio vel passibilis qualitas, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	666 dispositio et habitus, differunt in corporibus secundum intensionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	667 et remissionem. Quando enim aliquid recipit caliditatem secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	668 calefieri tantum, non autem ut calefacere possit; tunc est passio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	669 si sit cito transiens, vel passibilis qualitas, si sit manens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	670 Quando autem iam ad hoc perducitur quod potest etiam alterum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	671 calefacere, tunc est dispositio, si autem ulterius intantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	672 confirmetur quod sit difficile mobilis, tunc erit habitus, ut sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	673 dispositio sit quaedam intensio seu perfectio passionis vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	674 passibilis qualitatis, habitus autem dispositionis. Sed hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	675 improbat Simplicius, quia talis intensio et remissio non important
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	676 diversitatem ex parte ipsius formae, sed ex diversa participatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	677 subiecti. Et ita non diversificarentur per hoc species qualitatis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	678 Et ideo aliter dicendum est quod, sicut supra dictum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	679 commensuratio ipsarum qualitatum passibilium secundum convenientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	680 ad naturam, habet rationem dispositionis, et ideo, facta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	681 alteratione circa ipsas qualitates passibiles, quae sunt calidum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	682 frigidum, humidum et siccum, fit ex consequenti alteratio secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	683 aegritudinem et sanitatem. Primo autem et per se non est alteratio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	684 secundum huiusmodi habitus et dispositiones.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="35635"><span class="ref">[35635] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	685 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus sint in anima magis secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	686 essentiam quam secundum potentiam. Dispositiones enim et habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	687 dicuntur in ordine ad naturam, ut dictum est. Sed natura magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	688 attenditur secundum essentiam animae quam secundum potentias, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	689 anima secundum suam essentiam est natura corporis talis, et forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	690 eius. Ergo habitus sunt in anima secundum eius essentiam et non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	691 secundum potentiam.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="35636"><span class="ref">[35636] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	692 accidentis non est accidens. Habitus autem est quoddam accidens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	693 Sed potentiae animae sunt de genere accidentium, ut in primo dictum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	694 est. Ergo habitus non est in anima ratione suae potentiae.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="35637"><span class="ref">[35637] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	695 subiectum est prius eo quod est in subiecto. Sed habitus, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	696 pertineat ad primam speciem qualitatis, est prior quam potentia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	697 quae pertinet ad secundam speciem. Ergo habitus non est in potentia
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	698 animae sicut in subiecto.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 s. c."><a name="35638"><span class="ref">[35638] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	699 est quod philosophus, in I Ethic., ponit diversos habitus in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	700 diversis partibus animae.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 co."><a name="35639"><span class="ref">[35639] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	701 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, habitus importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	702 dispositionem quandam in ordine ad naturam, vel ad operationem. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	703 ergo accipiatur habitus secundum quod habet ordinem ad naturam, sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	704 non potest esse in anima, si tamen de natura humana loquamur, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	705 ipsa anima est forma completiva humanae naturae; unde secundum hoc,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	706 magis potest esse aliquis habitus vel dispositio in corpore per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	707 ordinem ad animam, quam in anima per ordinem ad corpus. Sed si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	708 loquamur de aliqua superiori natura, cuius homo potest esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	709 particeps, secundum illud II Petr. I, <i>ut simus consortes naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	710 divinae</i>, sic nihil prohibet in anima secundum suam essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	711 esse aliquem habitum, scilicet gratiam, ut infra dicetur. Si vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	712 accipiatur habitus in ordine ad operationem, sic maxime habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	713 inveniuntur in anima, inquantum anima non determinatur ad unam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	714 operationem, sed se habet ad multas, quod requiritur ad habitum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	715 supra dictum est. Et quia anima est principium operationum per suas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	716 potentias, ideo secundum hoc, habitus sunt in anima secundum suas
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	717 potentias.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="35640"><span class="ref">[35640] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	718 ergo dicendum quod essentia animae pertinet ad naturam humanam, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	719 sicut subiectum disponendum ad aliquid aliud, sed sicut forma et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	720 natura ad quam aliquis disponitur.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="35641"><span class="ref">[35641] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	721 dicendum quod accidens per se non potest esse subiectum accidentis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	722 Sed quia etiam in ipsis accidentibus est ordo quidam, subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	723 secundum quod est sub uno accidente, intelligitur esse subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	724 alterius. Et sic dicitur unum accidens esse subiectum alterius, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	725 superficies coloris. Et hoc modo potest potentia esse subiectum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	726 habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="35642"><span class="ref">[35642] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	727 dicendum quod habitus praemittitur potentiae, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	728 importat dispositionem ad naturam, potentia autem semper importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	729 ordinem ad operationem, quae est posterior, cum natura sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	730 operationis principium. Sed habitus cuius potentia est subiectum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	731 non importat ordinem ad naturam, sed ad operationem. Unde est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	732 posterior potentia. Vel potest dici quod habitus praeponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	733 potentiae sicut completum incompleto, et actus potentiae. Actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	734 enim naturaliter est prior; quamvis potentia sit prior ordine
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	735 generationis et temporis, ut dicitur in VII et IX Metaphys.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="35643"><span class="ref">[35643] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	736 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in potentiis sensitivae partis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	737 possit esse aliquis habitus. Sicut enim potentia nutritiva pars est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	738 irrationalis, ita et sensitiva. Sed in potentiis nutritivae partis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	739 non ponitur aliquis habitus. Ergo nec in potentiis sensitivae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	740 partis aliquis habitus debet poni.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="35644"><span class="ref">[35644] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	741 sensitivae partes sunt communes nobis et brutis. Sed in brutis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	742 sunt aliqui habitus, quia non est in eis voluntas, quae in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	743 definitione habitus ponitur, ut supra dictum est. Ergo in potentiis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	744 sensitivis non sunt aliqui habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="35645"><span class="ref">[35645] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	745 habitus animae sunt scientiae et virtutes, et sicut scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	746 refertur ad vim apprehensivam, ita virtus ad vim appetitivam. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	747 in potentiis sensitivis non sunt aliquae scientiae, cum scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	748 sit universalium, quae vires sensitivae apprehendere non possunt.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	749 Ergo etiam nec habitus virtutum in partibus sensitivis esse
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	750 possunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 s. c."><a name="35646"><span class="ref">[35646] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	751 est quod philosophus dicit, in III Ethic., quod aliquae virtutes,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	752 scilicet temperantia et fortitudo, sunt irrationabilium
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	753 partium.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 co."><a name="35647"><span class="ref">[35647] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	754 dicendum quod vires sensitivae dupliciter possunt considerari, uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	755 modo, secundum quod operantur ex instinctu naturae; alio modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	756 secundum quod operantur ex imperio rationis. Secundum igitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	757 operantur ex instinctu naturae, sic ordinantur ad unum, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	758 natura. Et ideo sicut in potentiis naturalibus non sunt aliqui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	759 habitus, ita etiam nec in potentiis sensitivis, secundum quod ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	760 instinctu naturae operantur. Secundum vero quod operantur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	761 imperio rationis, sic ad diversa ordinari possunt. Et sic possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	762 in eis esse aliqui habitus, quibus bene aut male ad aliquid
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	763 disponuntur.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="35648"><span class="ref">[35648] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	764 ergo dicendum quod vires nutritivae partis non sunt natae obedire
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	765 imperio rationis, et ideo non sunt in eis aliqui habitus. Sed vires
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	766 sensitivae natae sunt obedire imperio rationis, et ideo in eis esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	767 possunt aliqui habitus; nam secundum quod obediunt rationi,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	768 quodammodo rationales dicuntur, ut in I Ethic. dicitur.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="35649"><span class="ref">[35649] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	769 dicendum quod vires sensitivae in brutis animalibus non operantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	770 ex imperio rationis; sed si sibi relinquantur bruta animalia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	771 operantur ex instinctu naturae. Et sic in brutis animalibus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	772 sunt aliqui habitus ordinati ad operationes. Sunt tamen in eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	773 aliquae dispositiones in ordine ad naturam, ut sanitas et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	774 pulchritudo. Sed quia bruta animalia a ratione hominis per quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	775 consuetudinem disponuntur ad aliquid operandum sic vel aliter, hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	776 modo in brutis animalibus habitus quodammodo poni possunt, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	777 Augustinus dicit, in libro octoginta trium quaest., quod <i>videmus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	778 immanissimas bestias a maximis voluptatibus absterreri dolorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	779 metu, quod cum in earum consuetudinem verterit, domitae et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	780 mansuetae vocantur</i>. Deficit tamen ratio habitus quantum ad usum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	781 voluntatis, quia non habent dominium utendi vel non utendi, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	782 videtur ad rationem habitus pertinere. Et ideo, proprie loquendo,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	783 in eis habitus esse non possunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="35650"><span class="ref">[35650] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	784 dicendum quod appetitus sensitivus natus est moveri ab appetitu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	785 rationali, ut dicitur in III de anima, sed vires rationales
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	786 apprehensivae natae sunt accipere a viribus sensitivis. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	787 magis convenit quod habitus sint in viribus sensitivis appetitivis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	788 quam in viribus sensitivis apprehensivis, cum in viribus sensitivis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	789 appetitivis non sint habitus nisi secundum quod operantur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	790 imperio rationis. Quamvis etiam in ipsis interioribus viribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	791 sensitivis apprehensivis possint poni aliqui habitus, secundum quos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	792 homo fit bene memorativus vel cogitativus vel imaginativus, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	793 etiam philosophus dicit, in cap. de memoria, quod <i>consuetudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	794 multum operatur ad bene memorandum</i>, quia etiam istae vires
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	795 moventur ad operandum ex imperio rationis. Vires autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	796 apprehensivae exteriores, ut visus et auditus et huiusmodi, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	797 sunt susceptivae aliquorum habituum, sed secundum dispositionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	798 suae naturae ordinantur ad suos actus determinatos; sicut et membra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	799 corporis, in quibus non sunt habitus, sed magis in viribus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	800 imperantibus motum ipsorum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="35651"><span class="ref">[35651] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	801 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in intellectu non sint aliqui habitus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	802 Habitus enim operationibus conformantur, ut dictum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	803 operationes hominis sunt communes animae et corpori, ut dicitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	804 I de anima. Ergo et habitus. Sed intellectus non est actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	805 corporis, ut dicitur in III de anima. Ergo intellectus non est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	806 subiectum alicuius habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="35652"><span class="ref">[35652] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	807 omne quod est in aliquo, est in eo per modum eius in quo est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	808 id quod est forma sine materia, est actus tantum, quod autem est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	809 compositum ex forma et materia, habet potentiam et actum simul.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	810 Ergo in eo quod est forma tantum, non potest esse aliquid quod sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	811 simul in potentia et actu, sed solum in eo quod est compositum ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	812 materia et forma. Sed intellectus est forma sine materia. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	813 habitus, qui habet potentiam simul cum actu, quasi medium inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	814 utrumque existens, non potest esse in intellectu; sed solum in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	815 coniuncto, quod est compositum ex anima et corpore.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="35653"><span class="ref">[35653] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	816 habitus est dispositio secundum quam aliquis bene vel male
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	817 disponitur ad aliquid, ut dicitur in V Metaph. Sed quod aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	818 bene vel male sit dispositus ad actum intellectus, provenit ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	819 aliqua corporis dispositione, unde etiam in II de anima dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	820 quod <i>molles carne bene aptos mente videmus</i>. Ergo habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	821 cognoscitivi non sunt in intellectu, qui est separatus; sed in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	822 aliqua potentia quae est actus alicuius partis corporis.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 s. c."><a name="35654"><span class="ref">[35654] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	823 est quod philosophus, in VI Ethic., ponit scientiam et sapientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	824 et intellectum, qui est habitus principiorum, in ipsa intellectiva
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	825 parte animae.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 co."><a name="35655"><span class="ref">[35655] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	826 dicendum quod circa habitus cognoscitivos diversimode sunt aliqui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	827 opinati. Quidam enim, ponentes intellectum possibilem esse unum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	828 omnibus hominibus, coacti sunt ponere quod habitus cognoscitivi non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	829 sunt in ipso intellectu, sed in viribus interioribus sensitivis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	830 Manifestum est enim quod homines in habitibus diversificantur, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	831 non possunt habitus cognoscitivi directe poni in eo quod, unum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	832 numero existens, est omnibus hominibus commune. Unde si intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	833 possibilis sit unus numero omnium hominum, habitus scientiarum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	834 secundum quos homines diversificantur, non poterunt esse in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	835 intellectu possibili sicut in subiecto, sed erunt in viribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	836 interioribus sensitivis, quae sunt diversae in diversis. Sed ista
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	837 positio, primo quidem, est contra intentionem Aristotelis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	838 Manifestum est enim quod vires sensitivae non sunt rationales per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	839 essentiam, sed solum per participationem, ut dicitur in I Ethic.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	840 Philosophus autem ponit intellectuales virtutes, quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	841 sapientia, scientia et intellectus, in eo quod est rationale per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	842 essentiam. Unde non sunt in viribus sensitivis, sed in ipso
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	843 intellectu. Expresse etiam dicit, in III de anima, quod intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	844 possibilis, cum sic fiat singula, idest cum reducatur in actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	845 singulorum per species intelligibiles, tunc fit secundum actum eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	846 modo quo sciens dicitur esse in actu, quod quidem accidit cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	847 aliquis possit operari per seipsum, scilicet considerando. Est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	848 quidem igitur et tunc potentia quodammodo; non tamen similiter ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	849 ante addiscere aut invenire. Ipse ergo intellectus possibilis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	850 in quo est habitus scientiae quo potest considerare etiam cum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	851 considerat. Secundo etiam, haec positio est contra rei veritatem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	852 Sicut enim eius est potentia cuius est operatio, ita etiam eius est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	853 habitus cuius est operatio. Intelligere autem et considerare est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	854 proprius actus intellectus. Ergo et habitus quo consideratur, est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	855 proprie in ipso intellectu.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="35656"><span class="ref">[35656] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	856 ergo dicendum quod quidam dixerunt, ut Simplicius refert in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	857 commento praedicamentorum, quod quia omnis operatio hominis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	858 quodammodo coniuncti, ut philosophus dicit in I de anima; ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	859 nullus habitus est animae tantum, sed coniuncti. Et per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	860 sequitur quod nullus habitus sit in intellectu, cum intellectus sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	861 separatus, ut ratio proposita procedebat. Sed ista ratio non cogit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	862 Habitus enim non est dispositio obiecti ad potentiam, sed magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	863 dispositio potentiae ad obiectum, unde habitus oportet quod sit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	864 ipsa potentia quae est principium actus, non autem in eo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	865 comparatur ad potentiam sicut obiectum. Ipsum autem intelligere non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	866 dicitur commune esse animae et corpori, nisi ratione phantasmatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	867 ut dicitur in I de anima. Patet autem quod phantasma comparatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	868 intellectum possibilem ut obiectum, ut dicitur in III de anima.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	869 Unde relinquitur quod habitus intellectivus sit principaliter ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	870 parte ipsius intellectus, non autem ex parte phantasmatis, quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	871 commune animae et corpori. Et ideo dicendum est quod intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	872 possibilis est subiectum habitus, illi enim competit esse subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	873 habitus, quod est in potentia ad multa; et hoc maxime competit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	874 intellectui possibili. Unde intellectus possibilis est subiectum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	875 habituum intellectualium.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="35657"><span class="ref">[35657] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	876 dicendum quod, sicut potentia ad esse sensibile convenit materiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	877 corporali, ita potentia ad esse intelligibile convenit intellectui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	878 possibili. Unde nihil prohibet in intellectu possibili esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	879 habitum, qui est medius inter puram potentiam et actum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	880 perfectum.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="35658"><span class="ref">[35658] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	881 dicendum quod, quia vires apprehensivae interius praeparant
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	882 intellectui possibili proprium obiectum; ideo ex bona dispositione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	883 harum virium, ad quam cooperatur bona dispositio corporis, redditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	884 homo habilis ad intelligendum. Et sic habitus intellectivus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	885 secundario potest esse in istis viribus. Principaliter autem est in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	886 intellectu possibili.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="35659"><span class="ref">[35659] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	887 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in voluntate non sit aliquis habitus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	888 Habitus enim qui in intellectu est, sunt species intelligibiles,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	889 quibus intelligit actu. Sed voluntas non operatur per aliquas
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	890 species. Ergo voluntas non est subiectum alicuius habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="35660"><span class="ref">[35660] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	891 in intellectu agente non ponitur aliquis habitus, sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	892 intellectu possibili, quia est potentia activa. Sed voluntas est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	893 maxime potentia activa, quia movet omnes potentias ad suos actus,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	894 ut supra dictum est. Ergo in ipsa non est aliquis habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="35661"><span class="ref">[35661] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	895 in potentiis naturalibus non est aliquis habitus, quia ex sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	896 natura sunt ad aliquid determinatae. Sed voluntas ex sua natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	897 ordinatur ad hoc quod tendat in bonum ordinatum ratione. Ergo in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	898 voluntate non est aliquis habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 s. c."><a name="35662"><span class="ref">[35662] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	899 est quod iustitia est habitus quidam. Sed iustitia est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	900 voluntate, est enim iustitia <i>habitus secundum quem aliqui volunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	901 et operantur iusta</i>, ut dicitur in V Ethic. Ergo voluntas est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	902 subiectum alicuius habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 co."><a name="35663"><span class="ref">[35663] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	903 dicendum quod omnis potentia quae diversimode potest ordinari ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	904 agendum, indiget habitu quo bene disponatur ad suum actum. Voluntas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	905 autem, cum sit potentia rationalis, diversimode potest ad agendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	906 ordinari. Et ideo oportet in voluntate aliquem habitum ponere, quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	907 bene disponatur ad suum actum. Ex ipsa etiam ratione habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	908 apparet quod habet quendam principalem ordinem ad voluntatem, prout
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	909 habitus est quo quis utitur cum voluerit, ut supra dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="35664"><span class="ref">[35664] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	910 ergo dicendum quod, sicut in intellectu est aliqua species quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	911 similitudo obiecti, ita oportet in voluntate, et in qualibet vi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	912 appetitiva, esse aliquid quo inclinetur in suum obiectum, cum nihil
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	913 aliud sit actus appetitivae virtutis quam inclinatio quaedam, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	914 supra dictum est. Ad ea ergo ad quae sufficienter inclinatur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	915 naturam ipsius potentiae, non indiget aliqua qualitate inclinante.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	916 Sed quia necessarium est ad finem humanae vitae, quod vis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	917 appetitiva inclinetur in aliquid determinatum, ad quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	918 inclinatur ex natura potentiae, quae se habet ad multa et diversa;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	919 ideo necesse est quod in voluntate, et in aliis viribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	920 appetitivis, sint quaedam qualitates inclinantes, quae dicuntur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	921 habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="35665"><span class="ref">[35665] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	922 dicendum quod intellectus agens est agens tantum, et nullo modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	923 patiens. Sed voluntas, et quaelibet vis appetitiva, est movens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	924 motum, ut dicitur in III de anima. Et ideo non est similis ratio de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	925 utroque, nam esse susceptivum habitus convenit ei quod est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	926 quodammodo in potentia.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="35666"><span class="ref">[35666] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	927 dicendum quod voluntas ex ipsa natura potentiae inclinatur in bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	928 rationis. Sed quia hoc bonum multipliciter diversificatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	929 necessarium est ut ad aliquod determinatum bonum rationis voluntas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	930 per aliquem habitum inclinetur, ad hoc quod sequatur promptior
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	931 operatio.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="35667"><span class="ref">[35667] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	932 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in Angelis non sint habitus. Dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	933 enim maximus, Commentator Dionysii, in VII cap. de Cael. Hier., non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	934 convenit arbitrari virtutes intellectuales, idest spirituales, more
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	935 accidentium, quemadmodum et in nobis sunt, in divinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	936 intellectibus, scilicet Angelis, esse, ut aliud in alio sit sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	937 in subiecto, accidens enim omne illinc repulsum est. Sed omnis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	938 habitus est accidens. Ergo in Angelis non sunt habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="35668"><span class="ref">[35668] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	939 sicut Dionysius dicit, in IV cap. de Cael. Hier., <i>sanctae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	940 caelestium essentiarum dispositiones super omnia alia Dei bonitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	941 participant</i>. Sed semper quod est per se, est prius et potius eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	942 quod est per aliud. Ergo Angelorum essentiae per seipsas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	943 perficiuntur ad conformitatem Dei. Non ergo per aliquos habitus. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	944 haec videtur esse ratio maximi, qui ibidem subdit, <i>si enim hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	945 esset, non utique maneret in semetipsa harum essentia, nec
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	946 deificari per se, quantum foret possibile, valuisset</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="35669"><span class="ref">[35669] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	947 habitus est dispositio quaedam, ut dicitur in V Metaphys. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	948 dispositio, ut ibidem dicitur, est ordo habentis partes. Cum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	949 Angeli sint simplices substantiae, videtur quod in eis non sint
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	950 dispositiones et habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 s. c."><a name="35670"><span class="ref">[35670] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	951 est quod Dionysius dicit, VII cap. Cael. Hier., quod <i>Angeli
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	952 primae hierarchiae nominantur calefacientes et throni et effusio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	953 sapientiae, manifestatio deiformis ipsorum habituum</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 co."><a name="35671"><span class="ref">[35671] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	954 dicendum quod quidam posuerunt in Angelis non esse habitus; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	955 quaecumque dicuntur de eis, essentialiter dicuntur. Unde maximus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	956 post praedicta verba quae induximus, dicit, <i>habitudines earum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	957 atque virtutes quae in eis sunt, essentiales sunt, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	958 immaterialitatem</i>. Et hoc etiam Simplicius dicit, in commento
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	959 praedicamentorum, <i>sapientia quae est in anima, habitus est, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	960 autem in intellectu, substantia. Omnia enim quae sunt divina, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	961 per se sufficientia sunt, et in seipsis existentia</i>. Quae quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	962 positio partim habet veritatem, et partim continet falsitatem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	963 Manifestum est enim ex praemissis quod subiectum habitus non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	964 nisi ens in potentia. Considerantes igitur praedicti commentatores
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	965 quod Angeli sunt substantiae immateriales, et quod non est in illis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	966 potentia materiae; secundum hoc, ab eis habitum excluserunt, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	967 omne accidens. Sed quia, licet in Angelis non sit potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	968 materiae, est tamen in eis aliqua potentia (esse enim actum purum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	969 est proprium Dei); ideo inquantum invenitur in eis de potentia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	970 intantum in eis possunt habitus inveniri. Sed quia potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	971 materiae et potentia intellectualis substantiae non est unius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	972 rationis, ideo per consequens nec habitus unius rationis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	973 utrobique. Unde Simplicius dicit, in commento praedicamentorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	974 quod <i>habitus intellectualis substantiae non sunt similes his qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	975 sunt hic habitibus; sed magis sunt similes simplicibus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	976 immaterialibus speciebus quas continet in seipsa</i>. Circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	977 huiusmodi tamen habitum aliter se habet intellectus angelicus, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	978 aliter intellectus humanus. Intellectus enim humanus, cum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	979 infimus in ordine intellectuum, est in potentia respectu omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	980 intelligibilium, sicut materia prima respectu omnium formarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	981 sensibilium, et ideo ad omnia intelligenda indiget aliquo habitu.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	982 Sed intellectus angelicus non se habet sicut pura potentia in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	983 genere intelligibilium, sed sicut actus quidam, non autem sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	984 actus purus (hoc enim solius Dei est), sed cum permixtione alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	985 potentiae, et tanto minus habet de potentialitate, quanto est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	986 superior. Et ideo, ut in primo dictum est, inquantum est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	987 potentia, indiget perfici habitualiter per aliquas species
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	988 intelligibiles ad operationem propriam, sed inquantum est actu, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	989 essentiam suam potest aliqua intelligere, ad minus seipsum, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	990 secundum modum suae substantiae, ut dicitur in Lib. de causis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	991 tanto perfectius, quanto est perfectior. Sed quia nullus Angelus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	992 pertingit ad perfectionem Dei, sed in infinitum distat; propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	993 hoc, ad attingendum ad ipsum Deum per intellectum et voluntatem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	994 indigent aliquibus habitibus, tanquam in potentia existentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	995 respectu illius puri actus. Unde Dionysius dicit habitus eorum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	996 deiformes, quibus scilicet Deo conformantur. Habitus autem qui sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	997 dispositiones ad esse naturale, non sunt in Angelis, cum sint
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	998 immateriales.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="35672"><span class="ref">[35672] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	999 ergo dicendum quod verbum maximi intelligendum est de habitibus et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1000 accidentibus materialibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="35673"><span class="ref">[35673] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1001 dicendum quod quantum ad hoc quod convenit Angelis per suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1002 essentiam, non indigent habitu. Sed quia non ita sunt per seipsos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1003 entes, quin participent sapientiam et bonitatem divinam; ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1004 inquantum indigent participare aliquid ab exteriori, intantum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1005 necesse est in eis ponere habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 50 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="35674"><span class="ref">[35674] Iª-IIae q. 50 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1006 dicendum quod in Angelis non sunt partes essentiae, sed sunt partes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1007 secundum potentiam, inquantum intellectus eorum per plures species
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1008 perficitur, et voluntas eorum se habet ad plura.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q51"><h2>Quaestio 51</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 51 pr."><a name="35675"><span class="ref">[35675]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1009 Iª-IIae q. 51 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de causa
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1010 habituum. Et primo, quantum ad generationem ipsorum; secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1011 quantum ad augmentum; tertio, quantum ad diminutionem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1012 corruptionem. Circa primum quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1013 habitus sit a natura. Secundo, utrum aliquis habitus ex actibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1014 causetur. Tertio, utrum per unum actum possit generari habitus.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1015 Quarto, utrum aliqui habitus sint in hominibus infusi a Deo.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="35676"><span class="ref">[35676] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1016 sic proceditur. Videtur quod nullus habitus sit a natura. Eorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1017 enim quae sunt a natura, usus non subiacet voluntati. Sed habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1018 est quo quis utitur cum voluerit, ut dicit Commentator, in III de
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1019 anima. Ergo habitus non est a natura.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="35677"><span class="ref">[35677] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1020 natura non facit per duo quod per unum potest facere. Sed potentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1021 animae sunt a natura. Si igitur habitus potentiarum a natura
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1022 essent, habitus et potentia essent unum.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="35678"><span class="ref">[35678] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1023 natura non deficit in necessariis. Sed habitus sunt necessarii ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1024 bene operandum, ut supra dictum est. Si igitur habitus aliqui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1025 essent a natura, videtur quod natura non deficeret quin omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1026 habitus necessarios causaret. Patet autem hoc esse falsum. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1027 habitus non sunt a natura.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 s. c."><a name="35679"><span class="ref">[35679] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1028 est quod in VI Ethic., inter alios habitus ponitur intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1029 principiorum, qui est a natura, unde et principia prima dicuntur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1030 naturaliter cognita.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 co."><a name="35680"><span class="ref">[35680] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1031 dicendum quod aliquid potest esse naturale alicui dupliciter. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1032 modo, secundum naturam speciei, sicut naturale est homini esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1033 risibile, et igni ferri sursum. Alio modo, secundum naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1034 individui, sicut naturale est Socrati vel Platoni esse aegrotativum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1035 vel sanativum, secundum propriam complexionem. Rursus, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1036 utramque naturam potest dici aliquid naturale dupliciter, uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1037 quia totum est a natura; alio modo, quia secundum aliquid est a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1038 natura, et secundum aliquid est ab exteriori principio. Sicut cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1039 aliquis sanatur per seipsum, tota sanitas est a natura, cum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1040 aliquis sanatur auxilio medicinae, sanitas partim est a natura,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1041 partim ab exteriori principio. Sic igitur si loquamur de habitu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1042 secundum quod est dispositio subiecti in ordine ad formam vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1043 naturam, quolibet praedictorum modorum contingit habitum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1044 naturalem. Est enim aliqua dispositio naturalis quae debetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1045 humanae speciei, extra quam nullus homo invenitur. Et haec est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1046 naturalis secundum naturam speciei. Sed quia talis dispositio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1047 quandam latitudinem habet, contingit diversos gradus huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1048 dispositionis convenire diversis hominibus secundum naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1049 individui. Et huiusmodi dispositio potest esse vel totaliter a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1050 natura, vel partim a natura et partim ab exteriori principio, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1051 dictum est de his qui sanantur per artem. Sed habitus qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1052 dispositio ad operationem, cuius subiectum est potentia animae, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1053 dictum est, potest quidem esse naturalis et secundum naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1054 speciei, et secundum naturam individui. Secundum quidem naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1055 speciei, secundum quod se tenet ex parte ipsius animae, quae, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1056 sit forma corporis, est principium specificum. Secundum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1057 naturam individui, ex parte corporis, quod est materiale
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1058 principium. Sed tamen neutro modo contingit in hominibus esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1059 habitus naturales ita quod sint totaliter a natura. In Angelis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1060 siquidem contingit, eo quod habent species intelligibiles
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1061 naturaliter inditas, quod non competit animae humanae, ut in primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1062 dictum est. Sunt ergo in hominibus aliqui habitus naturales,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1063 tanquam partim a natura existentes et partim ab exteriori
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1064 principio; aliter quidem in apprehensivis potentiis, et aliter in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1065 appetitivis. In apprehensivis enim potentiis potest esse habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1066 naturalis secundum inchoationem, et secundum naturam speciei, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1067 secundum naturam individui. Secundum quidem naturam speciei, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1068 parte ipsius animae, sicut intellectus principiorum dicitur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1069 habitus naturalis. Ex ipsa enim natura animae intellectualis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1070 convenit homini quod statim, cognito quid est totum et quid est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1071 pars, cognoscat quod omne totum est maius sua parte, et simile est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1072 in ceteris. Sed quid sit totum, et quid sit pars, cognoscere non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1073 potest nisi per species intelligibiles a phantasmatibus acceptas.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1074 Et propter hoc philosophus, in fine posteriorum, ostendit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1075 cognitio principiorum provenit nobis ex sensu. Secundum vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1076 naturam individui, est aliquis habitus cognoscitivus secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1077 inchoationem naturalis, inquantum unus homo, ex dispositione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1078 organorum, est magis aptus ad bene intelligendum quam alius,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1079 inquantum ad operationem intellectus indigemus virtutibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1080 sensitivis. In appetitivis autem potentiis non est aliquis habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1081 naturalis secundum inchoationem, ex parte ipsius animae, quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1082 ipsam substantiam habitus, sed solum quantum ad principia quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1083 ipsius, sicut principia iuris communis dicuntur esse seminalia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1084 virtutum. Et hoc ideo, quia inclinatio ad obiecta propria, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1085 videtur esse inchoatio habitus, non pertinet ad habitum, sed magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1086 pertinet ad ipsam rationem potentiarum. Sed ex parte corporis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1087 secundum naturam individui, sunt aliqui habitus appetitivi secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1088 inchoationes naturales. Sunt enim quidam dispositi ex propria
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1089 corporis complexione ad castitatem vel mansuetudinem, vel ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1090 aliquid huiusmodi.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="35681"><span class="ref">[35681] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1091 ergo dicendum quod obiectio illa procedit de natura secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1092 dividitur contra rationem et voluntatem, cum tamen ipsa ratio et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1093 voluntas ad naturam hominis pertineant.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="35682"><span class="ref">[35682] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1094 dicendum quod aliquid etiam naturaliter potest superaddi potentiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1095 quod tamen ad ipsam potentiam pertinere non potest. Sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1096 Angelis non potest pertinere ad ipsam potentiam intellectivam quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1097 sit per se cognoscitiva omnium, quia oporteret quod esset actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1098 omnium, quod solius Dei est. Id enim quo aliquid cognoscitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1099 oportet esse actualem similitudinem eius quod cognoscitur, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1100 sequeretur, si potentia Angeli per seipsam cognosceret omnia, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1101 esset similitudo et actus omnium. Unde oportet quod superaddantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1102 potentiae intellectivae ipsius aliquae species intelligibiles, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1103 sunt similitudines rerum intellectarum, quia per participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1104 divinae sapientiae, et non per essentiam propriam, possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1105 intellectus eorum esse actu ea quae intelligunt. Et sic patet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1106 non omne id quod pertinet ad habitum naturalem, potest ad potentiam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1107 pertinere.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="35683"><span class="ref">[35683] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1108 dicendum quod natura non aequaliter se habet ad causandas omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1109 diversitates habituum, quia quidam possunt causari a natura, quidam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1110 non, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo non sequitur, si aliqui habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1111 sint naturales, quod omnes sint naturales.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="35684"><span class="ref">[35684] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1112 sic proceditur. Videtur quod nullus habitus possit ex actu causari.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1113 Habitus enim est qualitas quaedam, ut supra dictum est. Omnis autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1114 qualitas causatur in aliquo subiecto, inquantum est alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1115 receptivum. Cum igitur agens ex hoc quod agit, non recipiat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1116 aliquid, sed magis ex se emittat; videtur quod non possit aliquis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1117 habitus in agente ex propriis actibus generari.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="35685"><span class="ref">[35685] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1118 illud in quo causatur aliqua qualitas, movetur ad qualitatem illam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1119 sicut patet in re calefacta vel infrigidata, quod autem producit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1120 actum causantem qualitatem, movet, ut patet de calefaciente vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1121 infrigidante. Si igitur in aliquo causaretur habitus per actum sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1122 ipsius, sequeretur quod idem esset movens et motum, agens et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1123 patiens. Quod est impossibile, ut dicitur in VII Physic.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="35686"><span class="ref">[35686] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1124 effectus non potest esse nobilior sua causa. Sed habitus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1125 nobilior quam actus praecedens habitum, quod patet ex hoc, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1126 nobiliores actus reddit. Ergo habitus non potest causari ab actu
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1127 praecedente habitum.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 s. c."><a name="35687"><span class="ref">[35687] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1128 est quod philosophus, in II Ethic., docet habitus virtutum et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1129 vitiorum ex actibus causari.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 co."><a name="35688"><span class="ref">[35688] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1130 dicendum quod in agente quandoque est solum activum principium sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1131 actus, sicut in igne est solum principium activum calefaciendi. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1132 in tali agente non potest aliquis habitus causari ex proprio actu,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1133 et inde est quod res naturales non possunt aliquid consuescere vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1134 dissuescere, ut dicitur in II Ethic. Invenitur autem aliquod agens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1135 in quo est principium activum et passivum sui actus, sicut patet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1136 actibus humanis. Nam actus appetitivae virtutis procedunt a vi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1137 appetitiva secundum quod movetur a vi apprehensiva repraesentante
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1138 obiectum, et ulterius vis intellectiva, secundum quod ratiocinatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1139 de conclusionibus, habet sicut principium activum propositionem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1140 se notam. Unde ex talibus actibus possunt in agentibus aliqui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1141 habitus causari, non quidem quantum ad primum activum principium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1142 sed quantum ad principium actus quod movet motum. Nam omne quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1143 patitur et movetur ab alio, disponitur per actum agentis, unde ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1144 multiplicatis actibus generatur quaedam qualitas in potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1145 passiva et mota, quae nominatur habitus. Sicut habitus virtutum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1146 moralium causantur in appetitivis potentiis, secundum quod moventur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1147 a ratione, et habitus scientiarum causantur in intellectu, secundum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1148 quod movetur a primis propositionibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="35689"><span class="ref">[35689] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1149 ergo dicendum quod agens, inquantum est agens, non recipit aliquid.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1150 Sed inquantum agit motum ab alio, sic recipit aliquid a movente, et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1151 sic causatur habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="35690"><span class="ref">[35690] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1152 dicendum quod idem, secundum idem, non potest esse movens et motum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1153 Nihil autem prohibet idem a seipso moveri secundum diversa, ut in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1154 VIII Physic. probatur.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="35691"><span class="ref">[35691] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1155 dicendum quod actus praecedens habitum inquantum procedit a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1156 principio activo, procedit a nobiliori principio quam sit habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1157 generatus, sicut ipsa ratio est nobilius principium quam sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1158 habitus virtutis moralis in vi appetitiva per actuum consuetudines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1159 generatus; et intellectus principiorum est nobilius principium quam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1160 scientia conclusionum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="35692"><span class="ref">[35692] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1161 sic proceditur. Videtur quod per unum actum possit habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1162 generari. Demonstratio enim actus rationis est. Sed per unam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1163 demonstrationem causatur scientia quae est habitus conclusionis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1164 unius. Ergo habitus potest causari ex uno actu.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="35693"><span class="ref">[35693] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1165 sicut contingit actus crescere per multiplicationem, ita contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1166 actum crescere per intensionem. Sed multiplicatis actibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1167 generatur habitus. Ergo etiam si multum intendatur unus actus,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1168 poterit esse causa generativa habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="35694"><span class="ref">[35694] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1169 sanitas et aegritudo sunt habitus quidam. Sed ex uno actu contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1170 hominem vel sanari vel infirmari. Ergo unus actus potest habitum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1171 causare.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 3 s. c."><a name="35695"><span class="ref">[35695] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1172 est quod philosophus dicit, in I Ethic., quod <i>una hirundo ver
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1173 non facit, nec una dies, ita utique nec beatum nec felicem una
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1174 dies, nec paucum tempus. Sed beatitudo est operatio secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1175 habitum perfectae virtutis</i>, ut dicitur in I Ethic. Ergo habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1176 virtutis, et eadem ratione alius habitus, non causatur per unum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1177 actum.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 3 co."><a name="35696"><span class="ref">[35696] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1178 dicendum quod, sicut iam dictum est, habitus per actum generatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1179 inquantum potentia passiva movetur ab aliquo principio activo. Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1180 hoc autem quod aliqua qualitas causetur in passivo, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1181 activum totaliter vincat passivum. Unde videmus quod, quia ignis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1182 non potest statim vincere suum combustibile, non statim inflammat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1183 ipsum, sed paulatim abiicit contrarias dispositiones, ut sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1184 totaliter vincens ipsum, similitudinem suam ipsi imprimat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1185 Manifestum est autem quod principium activum quod est ratio, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1186 totaliter potest supervincere appetitivam potentiam in uno actu, eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1187 quod appetitiva potentia se habet diversimode et ad multa;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1188 iudicatur autem per rationem, in uno actu, aliquid appetendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1189 secundum determinatas rationes et circumstantias. Unde ex hoc non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1190 totaliter vincitur appetitiva potentia, ut feratur in idem ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1191 pluribus, per modum naturae, quod pertinet ad habitum virtutis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1192 ideo habitus virtutis non potest causari per unum actum, sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1193 multos. In apprehensivis autem potentiis considerandum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1194 duplex est passivum, unum quidem ipse intellectus possibilis; aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1195 autem intellectus quem vocat Aristoteles passivum, qui est ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1196 particularis, idest vis cogitativa cum memorativa et imaginativa.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1197 Respectu igitur primi passivi, potest esse aliquod activum quod uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1198 actu totaliter vincit potentiam sui passivi, sicut una propositio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1199 per se nota convincit intellectum ad assentiendum firmiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1200 conclusioni; quod quidem non facit propositio probabilis. Unde ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1201 multis actibus rationis oportet causari habitum opinativum, etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1202 ex parte intellectus possibilis, habitum autem scientiae possibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1203 est causari ex uno rationis actu, quantum ad intellectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1204 possibilem. Sed quantum ad inferiores vires apprehensivas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1205 necessarium est eosdem actus pluries reiterari, ut aliquid firmiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1206 memoriae imprimatur. Unde philosophus, in libro de memoria et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1207 reminiscentia, dicit quod <i>meditatio confirmat memoriam</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1208 Habitus autem corporales possibile est causari ex uno actu, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1209 activum fuerit magnae virtutis, sicut quandoque medicina fortis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1210 statim inducit sanitatem.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 3 ad arg."><a name="35697"><span class="ref">[35697] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 3 ad arg.</span></a> Et per hoc
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1211 patet responsio ad obiecta.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="35698"><span class="ref">[35698] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1212 sic proceditur. Videtur quod nullus habitus hominibus infundatur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1213 Deo. Deus enim aequaliter se habet ad omnes. Si igitur quibusdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1214 infundit habitus aliquos, omnibus eos infunderet. Quod patet esse
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1215 falsum.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="35699"><span class="ref">[35699] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1216 Deus operatur in omnibus secundum modum qui convenit naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1217 ipsorum, quia divinae providentiae est naturam salvare, ut dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1218 Dionysius, IV cap. de Div. Nom. Sed habitus in homine naturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1219 causantur ex actibus, ut dictum est. Non ergo causat Deus in
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1220 hominibus aliquos habitus absque actibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="35700"><span class="ref">[35700] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1221 si aliquis habitus a Deo infunditur, per illum habitum homo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1222 multos actus producere. Sed ex illis actibus causatur similis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1223 habitus, ut in II Ethic. dicitur. Sequitur ergo duos habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1224 eiusdem speciei esse in eodem, unum acquisitum, et alterum infusum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1225 Quod videtur esse impossibile, non enim duae formae unius speciei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1226 possunt esse in eodem subiecto. Non ergo habitus aliquis infunditur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1227 homini a Deo.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 s. c."><a name="35701"><span class="ref">[35701] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1228 est quod dicitur Eccli. XV, <i>implevit eum dominus spiritu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1229 sapientiae et intellectus</i>. Sed sapientia et intellectus quidam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1230 habitus sunt. Ergo aliqui habitus homini a Deo infunduntur.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 co."><a name="35702"><span class="ref">[35702] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1231 dicendum quod duplici ratione aliqui habitus homini a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1232 infunduntur. Prima ratio est, quia aliqui habitus sunt quibus homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1233 bene disponitur ad finem excedentem facultatem humanae naturae, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1234 est ultima et perfecta hominis beatitudo, ut supra dictum est. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1235 quia habitus oportet esse proportionatos ei ad quod homo disponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1236 secundum ipsos, ideo necesse est quod etiam habitus ad huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1237 finem disponentes, excedant facultatem humanae naturae. Unde tales
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1238 habitus nunquam possunt homini inesse nisi ex infusione divina,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1239 sicut est de omnibus gratuitis virtutibus. Alia ratio est, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1240 Deus potest producere effectus causarum secundarum absque ipsis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1241 causis secundis, ut in primo dictum est. Sicut igitur quandoque, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1242 ostensionem suae virtutis, producit sanitatem absque naturali
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1243 causa, quae tamen per naturam posset causari; ita etiam quandoque,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1244 ad ostendendam suam virtutem, infundit homini illos etiam habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1245 qui naturali virtute possunt causari. Sicut apostolis dedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1246 scientiam Scripturarum et omnium linguarum, quam homines per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1247 studium vel consuetudinem acquirere possunt, licet non ita
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1248 perfecte.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="35703"><span class="ref">[35703] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1249 ergo dicendum quod Deus, quantum ad suam naturam, aequaliter se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1250 habet ad omnes, sed secundum ordinem suae sapientiae certa ratione
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1251 quaedam tribuit aliquibus, quae non tribuit aliis.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="35704"><span class="ref">[35704] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1252 dicendum quod hoc quod Deus in omnibus operatur secundum modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1253 eorum, non excludit quin Deus quaedam operetur quae natura operari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1254 non potest, sed ex hoc sequitur quod nihil operatur contra id quod
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1255 naturae convenit.</p><p title="I-II q. 51 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="35705"><span class="ref">[35705] Iª-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1256 dicendum quod actus qui producuntur ex habitu infuso, non causant
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1257 aliquem habitum, sed confirmant habitum praeexistentem, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1258 medicinalia remedia adhibita homini sano per naturam, non causant
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1259 aliquam sanitatem, sed sanitatem prius habitam corroborant.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q52"><h2>Quaestio 52</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 52 pr."><a name="35706"><span class="ref">[35706]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1260 Iª-IIae q. 52 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1261 augmento habituum. Et circa hoc quaeruntur tria. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1262 habitus augeantur. Secundo, utrum augeantur per additionem. Tertio,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1263 utrum quilibet actus augeat habitum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="35707"><span class="ref">[35707] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1264 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus augeri non possint. Augmentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1265 enim est circa quantitatem, ut dicitur in V Physic. Sed habitus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1266 sunt in genere quantitatis, sed in genere qualitatis. Ergo circa
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1267 eos augmentum esse non potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="35708"><span class="ref">[35708] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1268 habitus est perfectio quaedam, ut dicitur in VII Physic. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1269 perfectio, cum importet finem et terminum, non videtur posse
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1270 recipere magis et minus. Ergo habitus augeri non potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="35709"><span class="ref">[35709] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1271 in his quae recipiunt magis et minus, contingit esse alterationem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1272 alterari enim dicitur quod de minus calido fit magis calidum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1273 in habitibus non est alteratio, ut probatur in VII Physic. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1274 habitus augeri non possunt.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 s. c."><a name="35710"><span class="ref">[35710] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1275 est quod fides est quidam habitus, et tamen augetur, unde discipuli
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1276 domino dicunt, domine, adauge nobis fidem, ut habetur Luc. XVII.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1277 Ergo habitus augentur.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 co."><a name="35711"><span class="ref">[35711] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1278 dicendum quod augmentum, sicut et alia ad quantitatem pertinentia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1279 a quantitatibus corporalibus ad res spirituales intelligibiles
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1280 transfertur; propter connaturalitatem intellectus nostri ad res
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1281 corporeas, quae sub imaginatione cadunt. Dicitur autem in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1282 quantitatibus corporeis aliquid magnum, secundum quod ad debitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1283 perfectionem quantitatis perducitur, unde aliqua quantitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1284 reputatur magna in homine, quae non reputatur magna in elephante.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1285 Unde et in formis dicimus aliquid magnum, ex hoc quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1286 perfectum. Et quia bonum habet rationem perfecti, propter hoc <i>in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1287 his quae non mole magna sunt, idem est esse maius quod melius</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1288 ut Augustinus dicit, in VI de Trin. Perfectio autem formae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1289 dupliciter potest considerari, uno modo, secundum ipsam formam;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1290 alio modo, secundum quod subiectum participat formam. Inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1291 igitur attenditur perfectio formae secundum ipsam formam, sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1292 dicitur ipsa esse parva vel magna; puta magna vel parva sanitas vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1293 scientia. Inquantum vero attenditur perfectio formae secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1294 participationem subiecti, dicitur magis et minus; puta magis vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1295 minus album vel sanum. Non autem ista distinctio procedit secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1296 hoc, quod forma habeat esse praeter materiam aut subiectum, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1297 quia alia est consideratio eius secundum rationem speciei suae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1298 alia secundum quod participatur in subiecto. Secundum hoc igitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1299 circa intensionem et remissionem habituum et formarum, fuerunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1300 quatuor opiniones apud philosophos, ut Simplicius narrat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1301 commento praedicamentorum. Plotinus enim et alii Platonici ponebant
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1302 ipsas qualitates et habitus suscipere magis et minus, propter hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1303 quod materiales erant, et ex hoc habebant indeterminationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1304 quandam, propter materiae infinitatem. Alii vero in contrarium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1305 ponebant quod ipsae qualitates et habitus secundum se non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1306 recipiebant magis et minus; sed qualia dicuntur magis et minus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1307 secundum diversam participationem; puta quod iustitia non dicatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1308 magis et minus, sed iustum. Et hanc opinionem tangit Aristoteles in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1309 praedicamentis. Tertia fuit opinio Stoicorum, media inter has.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1310 Posuerunt enim quod aliqui habitus secundum se recipiunt magis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1311 minus, sicuti artes; quidam autem non, sicut virtutes. Quarta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1312 opinio fuit quorundam dicentium quod qualitates et formae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1313 immateriales non recipiunt magis et minus, materiales autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1314 recipiunt. Ut igitur huius rei veritas manifestetur, considerandum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1315 est quod illud secundum quod sortitur aliquid speciem, oportet esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1316 fixum et stans, et quasi indivisibile, quaecumque enim ad illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1317 attingunt, sub specie continentur; quaecumque autem recedunt ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1318 illo, vel in plus vel in minus, pertinent ad aliam speciem, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1319 perfectiorem vel imperfectiorem. Unde philosophus dicit, in VIII
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1320 Metaphys., quod species rerum sunt sicut numeri, in quibus additio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1321 vel diminutio variat speciem. Si igitur aliqua forma, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1322 quaecumque res, secundum seipsam vel secundum aliquid sui,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1323 sortiatur rationem speciei; necesse est quod, secundum se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1324 considerata, habeat determinatam rationem, quae neque in plus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1325 excedere, neque in minus deficere possit. Et huiusmodi sunt calor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1326 et albedo, et aliae huiusmodi qualitates quae non dicuntur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1327 ordine ad aliud, et multo magis substantia, quae est per se ens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1328 Illa vero quae recipiunt speciem ex aliquo ad quod ordinantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1329 possunt secundum seipsa diversificari in plus vel in minus, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1330 nihilominus sunt eadem specie, propter unitatem eius ad quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1331 ordinantur, ex quo recipiunt speciem. Sicut motus secundum se est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1332 intensior et remissior, et tamen remanet eadem species, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1333 unitatem termini, ex quo specificatur. Et idem potest considerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1334 in sanitate, nam corpus pertingit ad rationem sanitatis, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1335 quod habet dispositionem convenientem naturae animalis, cui possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1336 dispositiones diversae convenientes esse; unde potest variari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1337 dispositio in plus vel in minus, et tamen semper remanet ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1338 sanitatis. Unde philosophus dicit, in X Ethic., quod <i>sanitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1339 ipsa recipit magis et minus, non enim eadem est commensuratio in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1340 omnibus, neque in uno et eodem semper; sed remissa permanet sanitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1341 usque ad aliquid</i>. Huiusmodi autem diversae dispositiones vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1342 commensurationes sanitatis se habent secundum excedens et excessum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1343 unde si nomen sanitatis esset impositum soli perfectissimae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1344 commensurationi, tunc ipsa sanitas non diceretur maior vel minor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1345 Sic igitur patet qualiter aliqua qualitas vel forma possit secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1346 seipsam augeri vel minui, et qualiter non. Si vero consideremus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1347 qualitatem vel formam secundum participationem subiecti, sic etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1348 inveniuntur quaedam qualitates et formae recipere magis et minus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1349 et quaedam non. Huiusmodi autem diversitatis causam Simplicius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1350 assignat ex hoc, quod substantia secundum seipsam non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1351 recipere magis et minus, quia est ens per se. Et ideo omnis forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1352 quae substantialiter participatur in subiecto, caret intensione et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1353 remissione, unde in genere substantiae nihil dicitur secundum magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1354 et minus. Et quia quantitas propinqua est substantiae, et figura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1355 etiam consequitur quantitatem; inde est quod neque etiam in istis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1356 dicitur aliquid secundum magis aut minus. Unde philosophus dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1357 in VII Physic., quod cum aliquid accipit formam et figuram, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1358 dicitur alterari, sed magis fieri. Aliae vero qualitates, quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1359 magis distantes a substantia, et coniunguntur passionibus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1360 actionibus, recipiunt magis et minus secundum participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1361 subiecti. Potest autem et magis explicari huiusmodi diversitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1362 ratio. Ut enim dictum est, id a quo aliquid habet speciem, oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1363 manere fixum et stans in indivisibili. Duobus igitur modis potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1364 contingere quod forma non participatur secundum magis et minus. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1365 modo, quia participans habet speciem secundum ipsam. Et inde est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1366 quod nulla forma substantialis participatur secundum magis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1367 minus. Et propter hoc philosophus dicit, in VIII Metaphys., quod,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1368 sicut numerus non habet magis neque minus, sic neque substantia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1369 quae est secundum speciem, idest quantum ad participationem formae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1370 specificae; sed si quidem quae cum materia, idest, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1371 materiales dispositiones invenitur magis et minus in substantia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1372 Alio modo potest contingere ex hoc quod ipsa indivisibilitas est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1373 ratione formae, unde oportet quod, si aliquid participet formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1374 illam, quod participet illam secundum rationem indivisibilitatis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1375 Et inde est quod species numeri non dicuntur secundum magis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1376 minus, quia unaquaeque species in eis constituitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1377 indivisibilem unitatem. Et eadem ratio est de speciebus quantitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1378 continuae quae secundum numeros accipiuntur ut bicubitum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1379 tricubitum; et de relationibus, ut duplum et triplum; et de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1380 figuris, ut trigonum et tetragonum. Et hanc rationem ponit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1381 Aristoteles in praedicamentis, ubi, assignans rationem quare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1382 figurae non recipiunt magis et minus, dicit, <i>quae quidem enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1383 recipiunt trigoni rationem et circuli, similiter trigona vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1384 circuli sunt</i>, quia scilicet indivisibilitas est de ipsa eorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1385 ratione, unde quaecumque participant rationem eorum, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1386 indivisibiliter participent. Sic igitur patet quod, cum habitus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1387 dispositiones dicantur secundum ordinem ad aliquid, ut dicitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1388 VII Physic., dupliciter potest intensio et remissio in habitibus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1389 dispositionibus considerari. Uno modo, secundum se, prout dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1390 maior vel minor sanitas; vel maior vel minor scientia, quae ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1391 plura vel pauciora se extendit. Alio modo, secundum participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1392 subiecti, prout scilicet aequalis scientia vel sanitas magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1393 recipitur in uno quam in alio, secundum diversam aptitudinem vel ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1394 natura vel ex consuetudine. Non enim habitus et dispositio dat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1395 speciem subiecto, neque iterum in sui ratione includit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1396 indivisibilitatem. Quomodo autem circa virtutes se habeat, infra
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1397 dicetur.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="35712"><span class="ref">[35712] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1398 ergo dicendum quod, sicut nomen magnitudinis derivatur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1399 quantitatibus corporalibus ad intelligibiles perfectiones formarum;
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1400 ita etiam et nomen augmenti, cuius terminus est magnum.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="35713"><span class="ref">[35713] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1401 dicendum quod habitus quidem perfectio est, non tamen talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1402 perfectio quae sit terminus sui subiecti, puta dans ei esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1403 specificum. Neque etiam in sui ratione terminum includit, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1404 species numerorum. Unde nihil prohibet quin recipiat magis et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1405 minus.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="35714"><span class="ref">[35714] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1406 dicendum quod alteratio primo quidem est in qualitatibus tertiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1407 speciei. In qualitatibus vero primae speciei potest esse alteratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1408 per posterius, facta enim alteratione secundum calidum et frigidum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1409 sequitur animal alterari secundum sanum et aegrum. Et similiter,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1410 facta alteratione secundum passiones appetitus sensitivi, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1411 secundum vires sensitivas apprehensivas, sequitur alteratio
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1412 secundum scientias et virtutes, ut dicitur in VII Physic.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="35715"><span class="ref">[35715] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1413 sic proceditur. Videtur quod augmentum habituum fiat per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1414 additionem. Nomen enim augmenti, ut dictum est, a quantitatibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1415 corporalibus transfertur ad formas. Sed in quantitatibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1416 corporalibus non fit augmentum sine additione, unde in I de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1417 Generat. dicitur quod <i>augmentum est praeexistenti magnitudini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1418 additamentum</i>. Ergo et in habitibus non fit augmentum nisi per
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1419 additionem.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="35716"><span class="ref">[35716] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1420 habitus non augetur nisi aliquo agente. Sed omne agens aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1421 facit in subiecto patiente, sicut calefaciens facit calorem in ipso
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1422 calefacto. Ergo non potest esse augmentum nisi aliqua fiat
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1423 additio.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="35717"><span class="ref">[35717] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1424 sicut id quod non est album, est in potentia ad album; ita id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1425 est minus album, est in potentia ad magis album. Sed id quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1426 est album, non fit album nisi per adventum albedinis. Ergo id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1427 est minus album, non fit magis album nisi per aliquam aliam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1428 albedinem supervenientem.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 s. c."><a name="35718"><span class="ref">[35718] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1429 est quod philosophus dicit, in IV Physic., <i>ex calido fit magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1430 calidum, nullo facto in materia calido, quod non esset calidum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1431 quando erat minus calidum</i>. Ergo, pari ratione, nec in aliis
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1432 formis quae augentur, est aliqua additio.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 co."><a name="35719"><span class="ref">[35719] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1433 dicendum quod huius quaestionis solutio dependet ex praemissa.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1434 Dictum est enim supra quod augmentum et diminutio in formis quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1435 intenduntur et remittuntur, accidit uno modo non ex parte ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1436 formae secundum se consideratae, sed ex diversa participatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1437 subiecti. Et ideo huiusmodi augmentum habituum et aliarum formarum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1438 non fit per additionem formae ad formam; sed fit per hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1439 subiectum magis vel minus perfecte participat unam et eandem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1440 formam. Et sicut per agens quod est actu, fit aliquid actu calidum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1441 quasi de novo incipiens participare formam, non quod fiat ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1442 forma, ut probatur VII Metaphys.; ita per actionem intensam ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1443 agentis efficitur magis calidum, tanquam perfectius participans
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1444 formam, non tanquam formae aliquid addatur. Si enim per additionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1445 intelligeretur huiusmodi augmentum in formis, hoc non posset esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1446 nisi vel ex parte ipsius formae, vel ex parte subiecti. Si autem ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1447 parte ipsius formae, iam dictum est quod talis additio vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1448 subtractio speciem variaret; sicut variatur species coloris, quando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1449 de pallido fit album. Si vero huiusmodi additio intelligatur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1450 parte subiecti, hoc non posset esse nisi vel quia aliqua pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1451 subiecti recipit formam quam prius non habebat, ut si dicatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1452 frigus crescere in homine qui prius frigebat in una parte, quando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1453 iam in pluribus partibus friget, vel quia aliquod aliud subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1454 additur participans eandem formam, sicut si calidum adiungatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1455 calido, vel album albo. Sed secundum utrumque istorum duorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1456 modorum, non dicitur aliquid magis album vel calidum, sed maius.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1457 Sed quia quaedam accidentia augentur secundum seipsa, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1458 dictum est, in quibusdam eorum fieri potest augmentum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1459 additionem. Augetur enim motus per hoc quod ei aliquid additur vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1460 secundum tempus in quo est, vel secundum viam per quam est, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1461 tamen manet eadem species, propter unitatem termini. Augetur etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1462 nihilominus motus per intensionem, secundum participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1463 subiecti, inquantum scilicet idem motus potest vel magis vel minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1464 expedite aut prompte fieri. Similiter etiam et scientia potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1465 augeri secundum seipsam per additionem, sicut cum aliquis plures
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1466 conclusiones geometriae addiscit, augetur in eo habitus eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1467 scientiae secundum speciem. Augetur nihilominus scientia in aliquo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1468 secundum participationem subiecti, per intensionem, prout scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1469 expeditius et clarius unus homo se habet alio in eisdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1470 conclusionibus considerandis. In habitibus autem corporalibus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1471 multum videtur fieri augmentum per additionem. Quia non dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1472 animal sanum simpliciter, aut pulchrum, nisi secundum omnes partes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1473 suas sit tale. Quod autem ad perfectiorem commensurationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1474 perducatur, hoc contingit secundum transmutationem simplicium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1475 qualitatum; quae non augentur nisi secundum intensionem, ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1476 subiecti participantis. Quomodo autem se habeat circa virtutes,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1477 infra dicetur.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="35720"><span class="ref">[35720] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1478 ergo dicendum quod etiam in magnitudine corporali contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1479 dupliciter esse augmentum. Uno modo, per additionem subiecti ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1480 subiectum; sicut est in augmento viventium. Alio modo, per solam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1481 intensionem, absque omni additione; sicut est in his quae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1482 rarefiunt, ut dicitur in IV Physic.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="35721"><span class="ref">[35721] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1483 dicendum quod causa augens habitum, facit quidem semper aliquid in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1484 subiecto, non autem novam formam. Sed facit quod subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1485 perfectius participet formam praeexistentem, aut quod amplius se
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1486 extendat.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="35722"><span class="ref">[35722] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1487 dicendum quod id quod nondum est album, est in potentia ad formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1488 ipsam, tanquam nondum habens formam, et ideo agens causat novam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1489 formam in subiecto. Sed id quod est minus calidum aut album, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1490 est in potentia ad formam, cum iam actu formam habeat, sed est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1491 potentia ad perfectum participationis modum. Et hoc consequitur per
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1492 actionem agentis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="35723"><span class="ref">[35723] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1493 sic proceditur. Videtur quod quilibet actus augeat habitum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1494 Multiplicata enim causa, multiplicatur effectus. Sed actus sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1495 causa habituum aliquorum, ut supra dictum est. Ergo habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1496 augetur, multiplicatis actibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="35724"><span class="ref">[35724] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1497 de similibus idem est iudicium. Sed omnes actus ab eodem habitu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1498 procedentes sunt similes, ut dicitur in II Ethic. Ergo, si aliqui
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1499 actus augeant habitum, quilibet actus augebit ipsum.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="35725"><span class="ref">[35725] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1500 simile augetur suo simili. Sed quilibet actus est similis habitui a
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1501 quo procedit. Ergo quilibet actus auget habitum.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 3 s. c."><a name="35726"><span class="ref">[35726] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1502 idem non est contrariorum causa. Sed, sicut dicitur in II Ethic.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1503 aliqui actus ab habitu procedentes diminuunt ipsum; utpote cum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1504 negligenter fiunt. Ergo non omnis actus habitum auget.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 3 co."><a name="35727"><span class="ref">[35727] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1505 dicendum quod similes actus similes habitus causant, ut dicitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1506 II Ethic. Similitudo autem et dissimilitudo non solum attenditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1507 secundum qualitatem eandem vel diversam; sed etiam secundum eundem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1508 vel diversum participationis modum. Est enim dissimile non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1509 nigrum albo, sed etiam minus album magis albo, nam etiam motus fit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1510 a minus albo in magis album, tanquam ex opposito in oppositum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1511 dicitur in V Physic. Quia vero usus habituum in voluntate hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1512 consistit, ut ex supradictis patet; sicut contingit quod aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1513 habens habitum non utitur illo, vel etiam agit actum contrarium;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1514 ita etiam potest contingere quod utitur habitu secundum actum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1515 respondentem proportionaliter intensioni habitus. Si igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1516 intensio actus proportionaliter aequetur intensioni habitus, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1517 etiam superexcedat; quilibet actus vel auget habitum, vel disponit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1518 ad augmentum ipsius; ut loquamur de augmento habituum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1519 similitudinem augmenti animalis. Non enim quodlibet alimentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1520 assumptum actu auget animal, sicut nec quaelibet gutta cavat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1521 lapidem, sed, multiplicato alimento, tandem fit augmentum. Ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1522 etiam, multiplicatis actibus, crescit habitus. Si vero intensio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1523 actus proportionaliter deficiat ab intensione habitus, talis actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1524 non disponit ad augmentum habitus, sed magis ad diminutionem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1525 ipsius.</p><p title="I-II q. 52 a. 3 ad arg."><a name="35728"><span class="ref">[35728] Iª-IIae q. 52 a. 3 ad arg.</span></a> Et per hoc
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1526 patet responsio ad obiecta.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q53"><h2>Quaestio 53</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 53 pr."><a name="35729"><span class="ref">[35729]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1527 Iª-IIae q. 53 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1528 corruptione et diminutione habituum. Et circa hoc quaeruntur tria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1529 Primo, utrum habitus corrumpi possit. Secundo, utrum possit
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1530 diminui. Tertio, de modo corruptionis et diminutionis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="35730"><span class="ref">[35730] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1531 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus corrumpi non possit. Habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1532 enim inest sicut natura quaedam, unde operationes secundum habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1533 sunt delectabiles. Sed natura non corrumpitur, manente eo cuius est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1534 natura. Ergo neque habitus corrumpi potest, manente subiecto.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="35731"><span class="ref">[35731] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1535 omnis corruptio formae vel est per corruptionem subiecti, vel est a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1536 contrario, sicut aegritudo corrumpitur corrupto animali, vel etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1537 superveniente sanitate. Sed scientia, quae est quidam habitus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1538 potest corrumpi per corruptionem subiecti, quia intellectus, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1539 est subiectum eius, est substantia quaedam, et non corrumpitur, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1540 dicitur in I de anima. Similiter etiam non potest corrumpi a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1541 contrario, nam species intelligibiles non sunt ad invicem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1542 contrariae, ut dicitur in VII Metaphys. Ergo habitus scientiae
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1543 nullo modo corrumpi potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="35732"><span class="ref">[35732] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1544 omnis corruptio est per aliquem motum. Sed habitus scientiae, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1545 est in anima, non potest corrumpi per motum per se ipsius animae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1546 quia anima per se non movetur. Movetur autem per accidens per motum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1547 corporis. Nulla autem transmutatio corporalis videtur posse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1548 corrumpere species intelligibiles existentes in intellectu, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1549 intellectus sit per se locus specierum, sine corpore, unde ponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1550 quod nec per senium nec per mortem corrumpuntur habitus. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1551 scientia corrumpi non potest. Et per consequens, nec habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1552 virtutis, qui etiam est in anima rationali, et, sicut philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1553 dicit in I Ethic., <i>virtutes sunt permanentiores
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1554 disciplinis</i>.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 s. c."><a name="35733"><span class="ref">[35733] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1555 est quod philosophus dicit, in libro de longitudine et brevitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1556 vitae, quod scientiae corruptio est oblivio et deceptio. Peccando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1557 etiam aliquis habitum virtutis amittit. Et ex contrariis actibus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1558 virtutes generantur et corrumpuntur, ut dicitur II Ethic.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 co."><a name="35734"><span class="ref">[35734] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1559 dicendum quod secundum se dicitur aliqua forma corrumpi per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1560 contrarium suum, per accidens autem, per corruptionem sui subiecti.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1561 Si igitur fuerit aliquis habitus cuius subiectum est corruptibile,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1562 et cuius causa habet contrarium, utroque modo corrumpi poterit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1563 sicut patet de habitibus corporalibus, scilicet sanitate et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1564 aegritudine. Illi vero habitus quorum subiectum est incorruptibile,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1565 non possunt corrumpi per accidens. Sunt tamen habitus quidam qui,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1566 etsi principaliter sint in subiecto incorruptibili, secundario
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1567 tamen sunt in subiecto corruptibili, sicut habitus scientiae, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1568 principaliter est quidem in intellectu possibili, secundario autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1569 in viribus apprehensivis sensitivis, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1570 ex parte intellectus possibilis, habitus scientiae non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1571 corrumpi per accidens; sed solum ex parte inferiorum virium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1572 sensitivarum. Est igitur considerandum si possunt huiusmodi habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1573 per se corrumpi. Si igitur fuerit aliquis habitus qui habeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1574 aliquod contrarium, vel ex parte sua vel ex parte suae causae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1575 poterit per se corrumpi, si vero non habet contrarium, non poterit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1576 per se corrumpi. Manifestum est autem quod species intelligibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1577 in intellectu possibili existens, non habet aliquid contrarium.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1578 Neque iterum intellectui agenti, qui est causa eius, potest aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1579 esse contrarium. Unde si aliquis habitus sit in intellectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1580 possibili immediate ab intellectu agente causatus, talis habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1581 est incorruptibilis et per se et per accidens. Huiusmodi autem sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1582 habitus primorum principiorum, tam speculabilium quam practicorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1583 qui nulla oblivione vel deceptione corrumpi possunt, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1584 philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., de prudentia, quod non perditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1585 per oblivionem. Aliquis vero habitus est in intellectu possibili ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1586 ratione causatus, scilicet habitus conclusionum, qui dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1587 scientia, cuius causae dupliciter potest aliquid contrarium esse.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1588 Uno modo, ex parte ipsarum propositionum ex quibus ratio procedit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1589 etenim enuntiationi quae est, bonum est bonum, contraria est ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1590 quae est, bonum non est bonum, secundum philosophum, in II
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1591 Periherm. Alio modo, quantum ad ipsum processum rationis; prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1592 syllogismus sophisticus opponitur syllogismo dialectico vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1593 demonstrativo. Sic igitur patet quod per falsam rationem potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1594 corrumpi habitus verae opinionis, aut etiam scientiae. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1595 philosophus dicit quod deceptio est corruptio scientiae, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1596 supra dictum est. Virtutum vero quaedam sunt intellectuales, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1597 sunt in ipsa ratione, ut dicitur in VI Ethic., de quibus est eadem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1598 ratio quae est de scientia vel opinione. Quaedam vero sunt in parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1599 animae appetitiva, quae sunt virtutes morales, et eadem ratio est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1600 de vitiis oppositis. Habitus autem appetitivae partis causantur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1601 hoc quod ratio nata est appetitivam partem movere. Unde per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1602 iudicium rationis in contrarium moventis quocumque modo, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1603 sive ex ignorantia, sive ex passione, vel etiam ex electione,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1604 corrumpitur habitus virtutis vel vitii.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="35735"><span class="ref">[35735] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1605 ergo dicendum quod, sicut dicitur in VII Ethic., habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1606 similitudinem habet naturae, deficit tamen ab ipsa. Et ideo, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1607 natura rei nullo modo removeatur ab ipsa, habitus difficile
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1608 removetur.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="35736"><span class="ref">[35736] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1609 dicendum quod, etsi speciebus intelligibilibus non sit aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1610 contrarium, enuntiationibus tamen et processui rationis potest
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1611 aliquid esse contrarium, ut dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="35737"><span class="ref">[35737] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1612 dicendum quod scientia non removetur per motum corporalem quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1613 ad ipsam radicem habitus, sed solum quantum ad impedimentum actus;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1614 inquantum intellectus indiget in suo actu viribus sensitivis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1615 quibus impedimentum affertur per corporalem transmutationem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1616 per intelligibilem motum rationis potest corrumpi habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1617 scientiae, etiam quantum ad ipsam radicem habitus. Et similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1618 etiam potest corrumpi habitus virtutis. Tamen quod dicitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1619 virtutes esse permanentiores disciplinis, intelligendum est non ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1620 parte subiecti vel causae, sed ex parte actus, nam virtutum usus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1621 est continuus per totam vitam, non autem usus disciplinarum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="35738"><span class="ref">[35738] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1622 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus diminui non possit. Habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1623 enim est quaedam qualitas et forma simplex. Simplex autem aut totum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1624 habetur, aut totum amittitur. Ergo habitus, etsi corrumpi possit,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1625 diminui non potest.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="35739"><span class="ref">[35739] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1626 omne quod convenit accidenti, convenit eidem secundum se, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1627 ratione sui subiecti. Habitus autem secundum seipsum non intenditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1628 et remittitur, alioquin sequeretur quod aliqua species de suis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1629 individuis praedicaretur secundum magis et minus. Si igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1630 secundum participationem subiecti diminui possit, sequeretur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1631 aliquid accidat habitui proprium, quod non sit commune ei et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1632 subiecto. Cuicumque autem formae convenit aliquid proprium praeter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1633 suum subiectum, illa forma est separabilis, ut dicitur in I de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1634 anima. Sequitur ergo quod habitus sit forma separabilis, quod est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1635 impossibile.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="35740"><span class="ref">[35740] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1636 ratio et natura habitus, sicut et cuiuslibet accidentis, consistit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1637 in concretione ad subiectum, unde et quodlibet accidens definitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1638 per suum subiectum. Si igitur habitus secundum seipsum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1639 intenditur neque remittitur, neque etiam secundum concretionem sui
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1640 ad subiectum diminui poterit. Et ita nullo modo diminuetur.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 s. c."><a name="35741"><span class="ref">[35741] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1641 est quod contraria nata sunt fieri circa idem. Augmentum autem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1642 diminutio sunt contraria. Cum igitur habitus possit augeri, videtur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1643 quod etiam possit diminui.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 co."><a name="35742"><span class="ref">[35742] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1644 dicendum quod habitus dupliciter diminuuntur, sicut et augentur, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1645 ex supradictis patet. Et sicut ex eadem causa augentur ex qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1646 generantur, ita ex eadem causa diminuuntur ex qua corrumpuntur, nam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1647 diminutio habitus est quaedam via ad corruptionem, sicut e converso
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1648 generatio habitus est quoddam fundamentum augmenti ipsius.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="35743"><span class="ref">[35743] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1649 ergo dicendum quod habitus secundum se consideratus, est forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1650 simplex, et secundum hoc non accidit ei diminutio, sed secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1651 diversum modum participandi, qui provenit ex indeterminatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1652 potentiae ipsius participantis, quae scilicet diversimode potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1653 unam formam participare, vel quae potest ad plura vel ad pauciora
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1654 extendi.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="35744"><span class="ref">[35744] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1655 dicendum quod ratio illa procederet, si ipsa essentia habitus nullo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1656 modo diminueretur. Hoc autem non ponimus, sed quod quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1657 diminutio essentiae habitus non habet principium ab habitu, sed a
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1658 participante.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="35745"><span class="ref">[35745] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1659 dicendum quod, quocumque modo significetur accidens, habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1660 dependentiam ad subiectum secundum suam rationem, aliter tamen et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1661 aliter. Nam accidens significatum in abstracto, importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1662 habitudinem ad subiectum quae incipit ab accidente, et terminatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1663 ad subiectum, nam albedo dicitur qua aliquid est album. Et ideo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1664 definitione accidentis abstracti non ponitur subiectum quasi prima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1665 pars definitionis, quae est genus; sed quasi secunda, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1666 differentia; dicimus enim quod simitas est curvitas nasi. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1667 concretis incipit habitudo a subiecto, et terminatur ad accidens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1668 dicitur enim album quod habet albedinem. Propter quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1669 definitione huiusmodi accidentis ponitur subiectum tanquam genus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1670 quod est prima pars definitionis, dicimus enim quod simum est nasus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1671 curvus. Sic igitur id quod convenit accidentibus ex parte subiecti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1672 non autem ex ipsa ratione accidentis, non attribuitur accidenti in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1673 abstracto, sed in concreto. Et huiusmodi est intensio et remissio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1674 in quibusdam accidentibus, unde albedo non dicitur magis et minus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1675 sed album. Et eadem ratio est in habitibus et aliis qualitatibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1676 nisi quod quidam habitus augentur vel diminuuntur per quandam
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1677 additionem, ut ex supradictis patet.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="35746"><span class="ref">[35746] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1678 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus non corrumpatur aut diminuatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1679 per solam cessationem ab opere. Habitus enim permanentiores sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1680 quam passibiles qualitates, ut ex supradictis apparet. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1681 passibiles qualitates non corrumpuntur neque diminuuntur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1682 cessationem ab actu, non enim albedo diminuitur si visum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1683 immutet, neque calor si non calefaciat. Ergo neque habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1684 diminuuntur vel corrumpuntur per cessationem ab actu.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="35747"><span class="ref">[35747] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1685 corruptio et diminutio sunt quaedam mutationes. Sed nihil mutatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1686 absque aliqua causa movente. Cum igitur cessatio ab actu non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1687 importet aliquam causam moventem, non videtur quod per cessationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1688 ab actu possit esse diminutio vel corruptio habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="35748"><span class="ref">[35748] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1689 habitus scientiae et virtutis sunt in anima intellectiva, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1690 supra tempus. Ea vero quae sunt supra tempus, non corrumpuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1691 neque diminuuntur per temporis diuturnitatem. Ergo neque huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1692 habitus corrumpuntur vel diminuuntur per temporis diuturnitatem, si
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1693 diu aliquis absque exercitio permaneat.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 s. c."><a name="35749"><span class="ref">[35749] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1694 est quod philosophus, in libro de Longit. et Brevit. vitae, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1695 quod corruptio scientiae non solum est deceptio, sed etiam oblivio.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1696 Et in VIII Ethic. dicitur quod multas amicitias inappellatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1697 dissolvit. Et eadem ratione, alii habitus virtutum per cessationem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1698 ab actu diminuuntur vel tolluntur.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 co."><a name="35750"><span class="ref">[35750] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1699 dicendum quod, sicut dicitur in VIII Physic., aliquid potest esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1700 movens dupliciter, uno modo, per se, quod scilicet movet secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1701 rationem propriae formae, sicut ignis calefacit; alio modo, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1702 accidens, sicut id quod removet prohibens. Et hoc modo cessatio ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1703 actu causat corruptionem vel diminutionem habituum, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1704 scilicet removetur actus qui prohibebat causas corrumpentes vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1705 diminuentes habitum. Dictum est enim quod habitus per se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1706 corrumpuntur vel diminuuntur ex contrario agente. Unde quorumcumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1707 habituum contraria subcrescunt per temporis tractum, quae oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1708 subtrahi per actum ab habitu procedentem; huiusmodi habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1709 diminuuntur, vel etiam tolluntur totaliter, per diuturnam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1710 cessationem ab actu; ut patet et in scientia et in virtute.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1711 Manifestum est enim quod habitus virtutis moralis facit hominem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1712 promptum ad eligendum medium in operationibus et passionibus. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1713 autem aliquis non utitur habitu virtutis ad moderandas passiones
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1714 vel operationes proprias, necesse est quod proveniant multae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1715 passiones et operationes praeter modum virtutis, ex inclinatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1716 appetitus sensitivi, et aliorum quae exterius movent. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1717 corrumpitur virtus, vel diminuitur, per cessationem ab actu.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1718 Similiter etiam est ex parte habituum intellectualium, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1719 quos est homo promptus ad recte iudicandum de imaginatis. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1720 igitur homo cessat ab usu intellectualis habitus, insurgunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1721 imaginationes extraneae, et quandoque ad contrarium ducentes; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1722 quod, nisi per frequentem usum intellectualis habitus, quodammodo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1723 succidantur vel comprimantur, redditur homo minus aptus ad recte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1724 iudicandum, et quandoque totaliter disponitur ad contrarium. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1725 per cessationem ab actu diminuitur, vel etiam corrumpitur
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1726 intellectualis habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="35751"><span class="ref">[35751] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1727 ergo dicendum quod ita etiam calor per cessationem a calefaciendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1728 corrumperetur, si per hoc incresceret frigidum, quod est calidi
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1729 corruptivum.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="35752"><span class="ref">[35752] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1730 dicendum quod cessatio ab actu est movens ad corruptionem vel
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1731 diminutionem, sicut removens prohibens, ut dictum est.</p><p title="I-II q. 53 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="35753"><span class="ref">[35753] Iª-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1732 dicendum quod pars intellectiva animae secundum se est supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1733 tempus, sed pars sensitiva subiacet tempori. Et ideo per temporis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1734 cursum, transmutatur quantum ad passiones appetitivae partis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1735 etiam quantum ad vires apprehensivas. Unde philosophus dicit, in IV
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1736 Physic., quod tempus est causa oblivionis.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q54"><h2>Quaestio 54</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="I-II q. 54 pr."><a name="35754"><span class="ref">[35754]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1737 Iª-IIae q. 54 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1738 distinctione habituum. Et circa hoc quaeruntur quatuor. Primo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1739 utrum multi habitus possint esse in una potentia. Secundo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1740 habitus distinguantur secundum obiecta. Tertio, utrum habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1741 distinguantur secundum bonum et malum. Quarto, utrum unus habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1742 ex multis habitibus constituatur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="35755"><span class="ref">[35755] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1743 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non possint esse multi habitus in una
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1744 potentia. Eorum enim quae secundum idem distinguuntur multiplicato
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1745 uno, multiplicatur et aliud. Sed secundum idem potentiae et habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1746 distinguuntur, scilicet secundum actus et obiecta. Similiter ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1747 multiplicantur. Non ergo possunt esse multi habitus in una
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1748 potentia.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="35756"><span class="ref">[35756] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1749 potentia est virtus quaedam simplex. Sed in uno subiecto simplici
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1750 non potest esse diversitas accidentium, quia subiectum est causa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1751 accidentis; ab uno autem simplici non videtur procedere nisi unum.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1752 Ergo in una potentia non possunt esse multi habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="35757"><span class="ref">[35757] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1753 sicut corpus formatur per figuram, ita potentia formatur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1754 habitum. Sed unum corpus non potest simul formari diversis figuris.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1755 Ergo neque una potentia potest simul formari diversis habitibus.
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1756 Non ergo plures habitus possunt simul esse in una potentia.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 s. c."><a name="35758"><span class="ref">[35758] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1757 est quod intellectus est una potentia, in qua tamen sunt diversarum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1758 scientiarum habitus.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 co."><a name="35759"><span class="ref">[35759] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1759 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, habitus sunt dispositiones
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1760 quaedam alicuius in potentia existentis ad aliquid, sive ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1761 naturam, sive ad operationem vel finem naturae. Et de illis quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1762 habitibus qui sunt dispositiones ad naturam, manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1763 possunt plures esse in uno subiecto, eo quod unius subiecti possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1764 diversimode partes accipi, secundum quarum dispositionem habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1765 dicuntur. Sicut, si accipiantur humani corporis partes humores,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1766 prout disponuntur secundum naturam humanam, est habitus vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1767 dispositio sanitatis, si vero accipiantur partes similes ut nervi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1768 et ossa et carnes, earum dispositio in ordine ad naturam, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1769 fortitudo aut macies, si vero accipiantur membra, ut manus et pes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1770 et huiusmodi, earum dispositio naturae conveniens, est pulchritudo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1771 Et sic sunt plures habitus vel dispositiones in eodem. Si vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1772 loquamur de habitibus qui sunt dispositiones ad opera, qui proprie
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1773 pertinent ad potentias; sic etiam contingit unius potentiae esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1774 habitus plures. Cuius ratio est, quia subiectum habitus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1775 potentia passiva, ut supra dictum est, potentia enim activa tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1776 non est alicuius habitus subiectum, ut ex supradictis patet.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1777 Potentia autem passiva comparatur ad actum determinatum unius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1778 speciei, sicut materia ad formam, eo quod, sicut materia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1779 determinatur ad unam formam per unum agens, ita etiam potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1780 passiva a ratione unius obiecti activi determinatur ad unum actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1781 secundum speciem. Unde sicut plura obiecta possunt movere unam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1782 potentiam passivam, ita una potentia passiva potest esse subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1783 diversorum actuum vel perfectionum secundum speciem. Habitus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1784 sunt quaedam qualitates aut formae inhaerentes potentiae, quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1785 inclinatur potentia ad determinatos actus secundum speciem. Unde ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1786 unam potentiam possunt plures habitus pertinere, sicut et plures
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1787 actus specie differentes.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="35760"><span class="ref">[35760] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1788 ergo dicendum quod, sicut in rebus naturalibus diversitas specierum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1789 est secundum formam, diversitas autem generum est secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1790 materiam, ut dicitur in V Metaphys. (ea enim sunt diversa genere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1791 quorum est materia diversa), ita etiam diversitas obiectorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1792 secundum genus, facit distinctionem potentiarum (unde philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1793 dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>ad ea quae sunt genere altera, sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1794 etiam animae particulae aliae</i>); diversitas vero obiectorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1795 secundum speciem, facit diversitatem actuum secundum speciem, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1796 per consequens habituum. Quaecumque autem sunt diversa genere, sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1797 etiam specie diversa, sed non convertitur. Et ideo diversarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1798 potentiarum sunt diversi actus specie, et diversi habitus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1799 autem oportet quod diversi habitus sint diversarum potentiarum, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1800 possunt esse plures unius. Et sicut sunt genera generum, et species
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1801 specierum; ita etiam contingit esse diversas species habituum et
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1802 potentiarum.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="35761"><span class="ref">[35761] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1803 dicendum quod potentia, etsi sit quidem simplex secundum essentiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1804 est tamen multiplex virtute, secundum quod ad multos actus specie
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1805 differentes se extendit. Et ideo nihil prohibet in una potentia
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1806 esse multos habitus specie differentes.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="35762"><span class="ref">[35762] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1807 dicendum quod corpus formatur per figuram sicut per propriam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1808 terminationem, habitus autem non est terminatio potentiae, sed est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1809 dispositio ad actum sicut ad ultimum terminum. Et ideo non possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1810 esse unius potentiae simul plures actus, nisi forte secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1811 unus comprehenditur sub alio, sicut nec unius corporis plures
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1812 figurae, nisi secundum quod una est in alia, sicut trigonum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1813 tetragono. Non enim potest intellectus simul multa actu
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1814 intelligere. Potest tamen simul habitu multa scire.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="35763"><span class="ref">[35763] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1815 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus non distinguantur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1816 obiecta. Contraria enim sunt specie differentia. Sed idem habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1817 scientiae est contrariorum, sicut medicina sani et aegri. Non ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1818 secundum obiecta specie differentia, habitus distinguuntur.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="35764"><span class="ref">[35764] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1819 diversae scientiae sunt diversi habitus. Sed idem scibile pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1820 ad diversas scientias, sicut terram esse rotundam demonstrat et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1821 naturalis et astrologus, ut dicitur in II Physic. Ergo habitus non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1822 distinguuntur secundum obiecta.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="35765"><span class="ref">[35765] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1823 eiusdem actus est idem obiectum. Sed idem actus potest pertinere ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1824 diversos habitus virtutum, si ad diversos fines referatur, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1825 dare pecuniam alicui, si sit propter Deum, pertinet ad caritatem;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1826 si vero sit propter debitum solvendum, pertinet ad iustitiam. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1827 etiam idem obiectum potest ad diversos habitus pertinere. Non ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1828 est diversitas habituum secundum diversitatem obiectorum.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 s. c."><a name="35766"><span class="ref">[35766] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1829 actus differunt specie secundum diversitatem obiectorum, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1830 dictum est. Sed habitus sunt dispositiones quaedam ad actus. Ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1831 etiam habitus distinguuntur secundum diversa obiecta.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 co."><a name="35767"><span class="ref">[35767] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1832 dicendum quod habitus et est forma quaedam, et est habitus. Potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1833 ergo distinctio habituum secundum speciem attendi aut secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1834 communem modum quo formae specie distinguuntur; aut secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1835 proprium modum distinctionis habituum. Distinguuntur siquidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1836 formae ad invicem secundum diversa principia activa, eo quod omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1837 agens facit simile secundum speciem. Habitus autem importat ordinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1838 ad aliquid. Omnia autem quae dicuntur secundum ordinem ad aliquid,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1839 distinguuntur secundum distinctionem eorum ad quae dicuntur. Est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1840 autem habitus dispositio quaedam ad duo ordinata, scilicet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1841 naturam, et ad operationem consequentem naturam. Sic igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1842 secundum tria, habitus specie distinguuntur. Uno quidem modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1843 secundum principia activa talium dispositionum; alio vero modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1844 secundum naturam; tertio vero modo, secundum obiecta specie
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1845 differentia; ut per sequentia explicabitur.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="35768"><span class="ref">[35768] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1846 ergo dicendum quod in distinctione potentiarum, vel etiam habituum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1847 non est considerandum ipsum obiectum materialiter; sed ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1848 obiecti differens specie, vel etiam genere. Quamvis autem contraria
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1849 specie differant diversitate rerum, tamen eadem ratio est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1850 cognoscendi utrumque, quia unum per aliud cognoscitur. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1851 inquantum conveniunt in una ratione cognoscibilis, pertinent ad
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1852 unum habitum cognoscitivum.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="35769"><span class="ref">[35769] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1853 dicendum quod terram esse rotundam per aliud medium demonstrat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1854 naturalis, et per aliud astrologus, astrologus enim hoc demonstrat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1855 per media mathematica, sicut per figuras eclipsium, vel per aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1856 huiusmodi; naturalis vero hoc demonstrat per medium naturale, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1857 per motum gravium ad medium, vel per aliud huiusmodi. Tota autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1858 virtus demonstrationis, quae est syllogismus faciens scire, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1859 dicitur in I Poster., dependet ex medio. Et ideo diversa media sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1860 sicut diversa principia activa, secundum quae habitus scientiarum
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1861 diversificantur.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="35770"><span class="ref">[35770] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1862 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in II Physic. et in VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1863 Ethic., ita se habet finis in operabilibus, sicut principium in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1864 demonstrativis. Et ideo diversitas finium diversificat virtutes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1865 sicut et diversitas activorum principiorum. Sunt etiam ipsi fines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1866 obiecta actuum interiorum, qui maxime pertinent ad virtutes, ut ex
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1867 supradictis patet.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="35771"><span class="ref">[35771] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1868 sic proceditur. Videtur quod habitus non distinguantur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1869 bonum et malum. Bonum enim et malum sunt contraria. Sed idem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1870 habitus est contrariorum, ut supra habitum est. Ergo habitus non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1871 distinguuntur secundum bonum et malum.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="35772"><span class="ref">[35772] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1872 bonum convertitur cum ente, et sic, cum sit commune omnibus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1873 potest sumi ut differentia alicuius speciei; ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1874 philosophum in IV Topic. Similiter etiam malum, cum sit privatio et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1875 non ens, non potest esse alicuius entis differentia. Non ergo
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1876 secundum bonum et malum possunt habitus specie distingui.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="35773"><span class="ref">[35773] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1877 circa idem obiectum contingit esse diversos habitus malos, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1878 circa concupiscentias intemperantiam et insensibilitatem, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1879 similiter etiam plures habitus bonos, scilicet virtutem humanam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1880 virtutem heroicam sive divinam, ut patet per philosophum in VII
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1881 Ethic. Non ergo distinguuntur habitus secundum bonum et malum.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 s. c."><a name="35774"><span class="ref">[35774] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1882 est quod habitus bonus contrariatur habitui malo, sicut virtus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1883 vitio. Sed contraria sunt diversa secundum speciem. Ergo habitus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1884 differunt specie secundum differentiam boni et mali.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 co."><a name="35775"><span class="ref">[35775] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1885 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, habitus specie distinguuntur non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1886 solum secundum obiecta et principia activa, sed etiam in ordine ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1887 naturam. Quod quidem contingit dupliciter. Uno modo, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1888 convenientiam ad naturam, vel etiam secundum disconvenientiam ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1889 ipsa. Et hoc modo distinguuntur specie habitus bonus et malus, nam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1890 habitus bonus dicitur qui disponit ad actum convenientem naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1891 agentis; habitus autem malus dicitur qui disponit ad actum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1892 convenientem naturae. Sicut actus virtutum naturae humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1893 conveniunt, eo quod sunt secundum rationem, actus vero vitiorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1894 cum sint contra rationem, a natura humana discordant. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1895 manifestum est quod secundum differentiam boni et mali, habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1896 specie distinguuntur. Alio modo secundum naturam habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1897 distinguuntur, ex eo quod habitus unus disponit ad actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1898 convenientem naturae inferiori; alius autem habitus disponit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1899 actum convenientem naturae superiori. Et sic virtus humana, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1900 disponit ad actum convenientem naturae humanae, distinguitur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1901 divina virtute vel heroica, quae disponit ad actum convenientem
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1902 cuidam superiori naturae.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="35776"><span class="ref">[35776] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1903 ergo dicendum quod contrariorum potest esse unus habitus, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1904 quod contraria conveniunt in una ratione. Nunquam tamen contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1905 quod habitus contrarii sint unius speciei, contrarietas enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1906 habituum est secundum contrarias rationes. Et ita secundum bonum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1907 malum habitus distinguuntur, scilicet inquantum unus habitus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1908 bonus et alius malus, non autem ex hoc quod unus est boni et alius
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1909 mali.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="35777"><span class="ref">[35777] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1910 dicendum quod bonum commune omni enti non est differentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1911 constituens speciem alicuius habitus, sed quoddam bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1912 determinatum, quod est secundum convenientiam ad determinatam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1913 naturam, scilicet humanam. Similiter etiam malum quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1914 differentia constitutiva habitus, non est privatio pura, sed est
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1915 aliquid determinatum repugnans determinatae naturae.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="35778"><span class="ref">[35778] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1916 dicendum quod plures habitus boni circa idem specie, distinguuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1917 secundum convenientiam ad diversas naturas, ut dictum est. Plures
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1918 vero habitus mali distinguuntur circa idem agendum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1919 diversas repugnantias ad id quod est secundum naturam, sicut uni
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1920 virtuti contrariantur diversa vitia circa eandem materiam.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="35779"><span class="ref">[35779] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1921 sic proceditur. Videtur quod unus habitus ex pluribus habitibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1922 constituatur. Illud enim cuius generatio non simul perficitur, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1923 successive, videtur constitui ex pluribus partibus. Sed generatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1924 habitus non est simul, sed successive ex pluribus actibus, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1925 habitum est. Ergo unus habitus constituitur ex pluribus
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1926 habitibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="35780"><span class="ref">[35780] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1927 ex partibus constituitur totum. Sed uni habitui assignantur multae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1928 partes, sicut Tullius ponit multas partes fortitudinis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1929 temperantiae et aliarum virtutum. Ergo unus habitus constituitur ex
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1930 pluribus.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="35781"><span class="ref">[35781] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1931 de una sola conclusione potest scientia haberi et actu et habitu.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1932 Sed multae conclusiones pertinent ad unam scientiam totam, sicut ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1933 geometriam vel arithmeticam. Ergo unus habitus constituitur ex
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1934 multis.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 s. c."><a name="35782"><span class="ref">[35782] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1935 habitus, cum sit qualitas quaedam, est forma simplex. Sed nullum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1936 simplex constituitur ex pluribus. Ergo unus habitus non
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1937 constituitur ex pluribus habitibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 co."><a name="35783"><span class="ref">[35783] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1938 dicendum quod habitus ad operationem ordinatus, de quo nunc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1939 principaliter intendimus, est perfectio quaedam potentiae. Omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1940 autem perfectio proportionatur suo perfectibili. Unde sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1941 potentia, cum sit una, ad multa se extendit secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1942 conveniunt in aliquo uno, idest in generali quadam ratione obiecti;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1943 ita etiam habitus ad multa se extendit secundum quod habent ordinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1944 ad aliquod unum, puta ad unam specialem rationem obiecti, vel unam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1945 naturam, vel unum principium, ut ex supradictis patet. Si igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1946 consideremus habitum secundum ea ad quae se extendit, sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1947 inveniemus in eo quandam multiplicitatem. Sed quia illa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1948 multiplicitas est ordinata ad aliquid unum, ad quod principaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1949 respicit habitus, inde est quod habitus est qualitas simplex, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1950 constituta ex pluribus habitibus, etiam si ad multa se extendat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1951 Non enim unus habitus se extendit ad multa, nisi in ordine ad unum,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1952 ex quo habet unitatem.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="35784"><span class="ref">[35784] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1953 ergo dicendum quod successio in generatione habitus non contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1954 ex hoc quod pars eius generetur post partem, sed ex eo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1955 subiectum non statim consequitur dispositionem firmam et difficile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1956 mobilem; et ex eo quod primo imperfecte incipit esse in subiecto,
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1957 et paulatim perficitur. Sicut etiam est de aliis qualitatibus.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="35785"><span class="ref">[35785] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1958 dicendum quod partes quae singulis virtutibus cardinalibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1959 assignantur, non sunt partes integrales, ex quibus constituatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1960 totum sed partes subiectivae sive potentiales, ut infra
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1961 patebit.</p><p title="I-II q. 54 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="35786"><span class="ref">[35786] Iª-IIae q. 54 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1962 dicendum quod ille qui in aliqua scientia acquirit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1963 demonstrationem scientiam conclusionis unius, habet quidem habitum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1964 sed imperfecte. Cum vero acquirit per aliquam demonstrationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1965 scientiam conclusionis alterius, non aggeneratur in eo alius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1966 habitus; sed habitus qui prius inerat fit perfectior, utpote ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1967 plura se extendens; eo quod conclusiones et demonstrationes unius
53 d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1968 scientiae ordinatae sunt, et una derivatur ex alia.</p></div></div><div class="centro"><br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1969 <p><a href="sth2040.html"><img alt="age retro" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageretro.gif"/></a>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1970 <a href="sth2055.html"><img alt="age ultra" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageultra.gif"/></a></p>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1971 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1972 <hr/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1973 <br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1974 <address>© 2006 Fundación Tomás de Aquino quoad
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1975 hanc editionem<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1976 Iura omnia asservantur<br/>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1977 OCLC nr. <a style="text-decoration=none" href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264">49644264</a></address>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1978 </div></body>
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped ht parents: 28 diff changeset	1979 </html>

Mercurial > hg > Aquinas

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