Aquinas: summa/latin/sth2109.html annotate

annotate summa/latin/sth2109.html @ 44:d16e7ecf99ad

add prooemium

author	ht
date	Thu, 17 Dec 2009 22:24:21 +0000
parents	544e12f679ad
children	d777cc3962f2

rev	line source
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3 <html lang="LA" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA">
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4 <head>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	5 <meta name="generator" content=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	6 "HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	7 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	8 "text/html; charset=us-ascii" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	9 <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	10 <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	11 <meta name="keywords" content=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	12 "Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	13 <meta name="language" content="Latin" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	14 <meta name="security" content="public" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	15 <meta name="owner" content="ealarcon@unav.es" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	16 <meta name="author" content="Enrique Alarcón" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	17 <meta name="abstract" content="" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	18 <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="vscreen.css" type=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	19 "text/css" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	20 <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="vprint.css" type=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	21 "text/css" />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	22 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Iª-IIae q.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	23 109-114</title>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	24 </head>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	25 <body>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	26 <a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	27 <div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	28 <div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	29 <div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	30 <div class="dos">prima pars secundae partis a quaestione CIX ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	31 CXIV</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	32 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	33 <div class="centro">
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	34 <table align="center" summary="Imago">
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	35 <tr>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	36 <th><img src="icons/fugit190.jpg" width="275" height="190" border=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	37 "0" alt=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	38 "Thomas de Aquino a Filippino Lippi depictus (Cappella Carafa, S. Maria sopra Minerva, Roma)"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	39 align="middle" /></th>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	40 </tr>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	41 </table>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	42 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	43 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1892 editum<br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	44 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	45 magneticas<br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	46 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarcón atque instruxit<br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	47 <br /></span><br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	48 <hr />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	49 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	50 <p><a href="sth2106.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	51 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	52 <a href="sth3000.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	53 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	54 <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	55 //<![CDATA[
26 4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	56 <!--
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	57 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	58 function go(){if(document.selecter.select1.options[document.selecter.select1.selectedIndex].value !="none"){location=document.selecter.select1.options[document.selecter.select1.selectedIndex].value}}
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	59 document.write('<FORM NAME="selecter"><SELECT NAME="select1">');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	60 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">INDEX');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	61 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">------------------------------------------------');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	62 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="index.html">Corpus Thomisticum');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	63 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="iopera.html">Opera omnia');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	64 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="zbiblia.html">Bibliographia Thomistica');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	65 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="none">------------------------------------------------');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	66 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38361">Iª-IIae q. 109 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	67 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38362">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	68 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38363">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	69 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38364">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	70 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38365">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	71 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38366">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	72 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38367">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	73 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38368">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	74 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38369">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	75 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38370">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	76 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38371">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	77 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38372">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	78 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38373">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	79 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38374">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	80 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38375">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	81 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38376">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	82 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38377">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	83 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38378">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	84 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38379">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	85 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38380">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	86 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38381">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	87 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38382">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	88 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38383">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	89 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38384">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	90 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38385">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	91 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38386">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	92 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38387">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	93 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38388">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	94 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38389">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	95 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38390">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	96 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38391">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	97 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38392">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	98 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38393">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	99 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38394">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	100 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38395">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	101 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38396">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	102 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38397">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	103 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38398">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	104 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38399">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	105 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38400">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	106 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38401">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	107 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38402">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	108 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38403">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	109 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38404">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	110 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38405">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	111 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38406">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	112 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38407">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	113 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38408">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	114 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38409">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	115 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38410">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	116 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38411">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	117 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38412">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	118 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38413">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	119 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38414">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	120 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38415">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	121 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38416">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	122 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38417">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	123 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38418">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	124 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38419">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	125 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38420">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	126 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38421">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	127 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38422">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	128 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38423">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	129 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38424">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	130 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38425">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	131 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38426">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	132 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38427">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	133 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38428">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	134 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38429">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	135 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38430">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	136 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38431">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	137 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38432">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	138 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38433">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	139 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38434">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	140 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38435">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	141 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38436">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	142 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38437">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	143 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38438">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	144 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38439">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	145 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38440">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	146 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38441">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	147 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38442">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	148 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38443">Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	149 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38444">Iª-IIae q. 110 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	150 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38445">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	151 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38446">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	152 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38447">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	153 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38448">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	155 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38450">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	156 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38451">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	157 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38452">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	158 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38453">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	159 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38454">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	160 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38455">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	161 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38456">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	163 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38458">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	164 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38459">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	165 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38460">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 ad 3');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	167 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38462">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	168 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38463">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 arg. 3');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	177 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38472">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	178 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38473">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	180 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38475">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	181 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38476">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 2');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	183 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38478">Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 4');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	186 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38481">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	187 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38482">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	188 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38483">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	191 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38486">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	192 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38487">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 ad 3');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	194 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38489">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 arg. 2');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	196 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38491">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	197 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38492">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	199 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38494">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 1');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	201 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38496">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	202 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38497">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	203 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38498">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	204 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38499">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	205 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38500">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	206 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38501">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	210 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38505">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 ad 3');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	212 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38507">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 arg. 2');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	215 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38510">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	220 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38515">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	221 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38516">Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 arg. 1');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	233 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38528">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	235 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38530">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	236 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38531">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	237 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38532">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	238 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38533">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	239 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38534">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	240 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38535">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	241 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38536">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	245 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38540">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	246 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38541">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	247 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38542">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	248 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38543">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	249 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38544">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	250 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38545">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	251 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38546">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	252 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38547">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 ad 2');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	255 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38550">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 arg. 2');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	257 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38552">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	258 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38553">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	259 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38554">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 ad 1');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	267 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38562">Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 s. c.');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	276 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38571">Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 arg. 2');
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4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	404 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38699">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	405 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38700">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	406 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38701">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	407 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38702">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	408 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38703">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	409 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38704">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	410 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38705">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	411 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38706">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	412 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38707">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	413 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38708">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	414 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38709">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	415 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38710">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	416 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38711">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	417 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38712">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	418 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38713">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	419 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38714">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	420 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38715">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	421 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38716">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	422 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38717">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	423 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38718">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	424 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38719">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	425 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38720">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	426 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38721">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	427 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38722">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	428 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38723">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	429 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38724">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	430 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38725">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	431 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38726">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	432 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38727">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	433 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38728">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	434 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38729">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	435 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38730">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	436 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38731">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	437 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38732">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	438 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38733">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	439 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38734">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	440 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#38735">Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 4');
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	441 document.write('<\/SELECT>');
26 4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	442 document.write('<BR><BR>');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	443 document.write('<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()">');
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	444 document.write('<\/FORM>');
26 4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html ht parents: diff changeset	445 // -->
28 544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	446 //]]>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	447 </script><br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	448 <hr />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	449 <br /></div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	450 <div class="D">Quaestio 109</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	451 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	452 <p title="I-II q. 109 pr."><a name="38361"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	453 "ref">[38361] Iª-IIae q. 109 pr.</span></a> Consequenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	454 considerandum est de exteriori principio humanorum actuum, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	455 de Deo, prout ab ipso per gratiam adiuvamur ad recte agendum. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	456 primo, considerandum est de gratia Dei; secundo, de causa eius;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	457 tertio, de eius effectibus. Prima autem consideratio erit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	458 tripartita, nam primo considerabimus de necessitate gratiae;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	459 secundo, de ipsa gratia quantum ad eius essentiam; tertio, de eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	460 divisione. Circa primum quaeruntur decem. Primo, utrum absque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	461 gratia possit homo aliquod verum cognoscere. Secundo, utrum absque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	462 gratia Dei possit homo aliquod bonum facere vel velle. Tertio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	463 utrum homo absque gratia possit Deum diligere super omnia. Quarto,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	464 utrum absque gratia possit praecepta legis observare. Quinto, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	465 absque gratia possit mereri vitam aeternam. Sexto, utrum homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	466 possit se ad gratiam praeparare sine gratia. Septimo, utrum homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	467 sine gratia possit resurgere a peccato. Octavo, utrum absque gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	468 possit homo vitare peccatum. Nono, utrum homo gratiam consecutus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	469 possit, absque alio divino auxilio, bonum facere et vitare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	470 peccatum. Decimo, utrum possit perseverare in bono per seipsum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	471 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	472 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	473 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="38362"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	474 "ref">[38362] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	475 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo sine gratia nullum verum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	476 cognoscere possit. Quia super illud I Cor. XII, <i>nemo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	477 dicere, dominus Iesus, nisi in spiritu sancto</i>, dicit Glossa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	478 Ambrosii, <i>omne verum, a quocumque dicatur, a spiritu sancto
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	479 est</i>. Sed spiritus sanctus habitat in nobis per gratiam. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	480 veritatem cognoscere non possumus sine gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	481 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="38363"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	482 "ref">[38363] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	483 Augustinus dicit, in I Soliloq., quod <i>disciplinarum certissima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	484 talia sunt qualia illa quae a sole illustrantur ut videri possint;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	485 Deus autem ipse est qui illustrat; ratio autem ita est in mentibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	486 ut in oculis est aspectus; mentis autem oculi sunt sensus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	487 animae</i>. Sed sensus corporis, quantumcumque sit purus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	488 potest aliquod visibile videre sine solis illustratione. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	489 humana mens, quantumcumque sit perfecta, non potest ratiocinando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	490 veritatem cognoscere absque illustratione divina. Quae ad auxilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	491 gratiae pertinet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	492 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="38364"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	493 "ref">[38364] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	494 humana mens non potest veritatem intelligere nisi cogitando; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	495 patet per Augustinum XIV de Trin. Sed apostolus dicit, II ad Cor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	496 III, <i>non sufficientes sumus aliquid cogitare a nobis, quasi ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	497 nobis</i>. Ergo homo non potest cognoscere veritatem per seipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	498 sine auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	499 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 s. c."><a name="38365"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	500 "ref">[38365] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	501 est quod Augustinus dicit, in I Retract., <i>non approbo quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	502 oratione dixi, Deus, qui non nisi mundos verum scire voluisti.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	503 Responderi enim potest multos etiam non mundos multa scire
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	504 vera</i>. Sed per gratiam homo mundus efficitur; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	505 Psalmi l, <i>cor mundum crea in me, Deus; et spiritum rectum innova
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	506 in visceribus meis</i>. Ergo sine gratia potest homo per seipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	507 veritatem cognoscere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	508 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 co."><a name="38366"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	509 "ref">[38366] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	510 dicendum quod cognoscere veritatem est usus quidam, vel actus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	511 intellectualis luminis, quia secundum apostolum, ad Ephes. V,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	512 <i>omne quod manifestatur, lumen est</i>. Usus autem quilibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	513 quendam motum importat, large accipiendo motum secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	514 intelligere et velle motus quidam esse dicuntur, ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	515 philosophum in III de anima. Videmus autem in corporalibus quod ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	516 motum non solum requiritur ipsa forma quae est principium motus vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	517 actionis; sed etiam requiritur motio primi moventis. Primum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	518 movens in ordine corporalium est corpus caeleste. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	519 quantumcumque ignis habeat perfectum calorem, non alteraret nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	520 per motionem caelestis corporis. Manifestum est autem quod, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	521 omnes motus corporales reducuntur in motum caelestis corporis sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	522 in primum movens corporale; ita omnes motus tam corporales quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	523 spirituales reducuntur in primum movens simpliciter, quod est Deus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	524 Et ideo quantumcumque natura aliqua corporalis vel spiritualis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	525 ponatur perfecta, non potest in suum actum procedere nisi moveatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	526 a Deo. Quae quidem motio est secundum suae providentiae rationem;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	527 non secundum necessitatem naturae, sicut motio corporis caelestis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	528 Non solum autem a Deo est omnis motio sicut a primo movente; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	529 etiam ab ipso est omnis formalis perfectio sicut a primo actu. Sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	530 igitur actio intellectus, et cuiuscumque entis creati, dependet a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	531 Deo quantum ad duo, uno modo, inquantum ab ipso habet formam per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	532 quam agit; alio modo, inquantum ab ipso movetur ad agendum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	533 Unaquaeque autem forma indita rebus creatis a Deo, habet efficaciam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	534 respectu alicuius actus determinati, in quem potest secundum suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	535 proprietatem, ultra autem non potest nisi per aliquam formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	536 superadditam, sicut aqua non potest calefacere nisi calefacta ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	537 igne. Sic igitur intellectus humanus habet aliquam formam, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	538 ipsum intelligibile lumen, quod est de se sufficiens ad quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	539 intelligibilia cognoscenda, ad ea scilicet in quorum notitiam per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	540 sensibilia possumus devenire. Altiora vero intelligibilia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	541 intellectus humanus cognoscere non potest nisi fortiori lumine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	542 perficiatur, sicut lumine fidei vel prophetiae; quod dicitur lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	543 gratiae, inquantum est naturae superadditum. Sic igitur dicendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	544 est quod ad cognitionem cuiuscumque veri, homo indiget auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	545 divino ut intellectus a Deo moveatur ad suum actum. Non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	546 indiget ad cognoscendam veritatem in omnibus, nova illustratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	547 superaddita naturali illustrationi; sed in quibusdam, quae excedunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	548 naturalem cognitionem. Et tamen quandoque Deus miraculose per suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	549 gratiam aliquos instruit de his quae per naturalem rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	550 cognosci possunt, sicut et quandoque miraculose facit quaedam quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	551 natura facere potest.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	552 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="38367"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	553 "ref">[38367] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	554 ergo dicendum quod omne verum, a quocumque dicatur, est a spiritu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	555 sancto sicut ab infundente naturale lumen, et movente ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	556 intelligendum et loquendum veritatem. Non autem sicut ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	557 inhabitante per gratiam gratum facientem, vel sicut a largiente
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	558 aliquod habituale donum naturae superadditum, sed hoc solum est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	559 quibusdam veris cognoscendis et loquendis; et maxime in illis quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	560 pertinent ad fidem, de quibus apostolus loquebatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	561 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="38368"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	562 "ref">[38368] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	563 dicendum quod sol corporalis illustrat exterius; sed sol
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	564 intelligibilis, qui est Deus, illustrat interius. Unde ipsum lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	565 naturale animae inditum est illustratio Dei, qua illustramur ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	566 ipso ad cognoscendum ea quae pertinent ad naturalem cognitionem. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	567 ad hoc non requiritur alia illustratio, sed solum ad illa quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	568 naturalem cognitionem excedunt.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	569 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="38369"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	570 "ref">[38369] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	571 dicendum quod semper indigemus divino auxilio ad cogitandum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	572 quodcumque, inquantum ipse movet intellectum ad agendum, actu enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	573 intelligere aliquid est cogitare, ut patet per Augustinum, XIV de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	574 Trin.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	575 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	576 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	577 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="38370"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	578 "ref">[38370] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	579 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit velle et facere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	580 bonum absque gratia. Illud enim est in hominis potestate cuius ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	581 est dominus. Sed homo est dominus suorum actuum, et maxime eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	582 quod est velle, ut supra dictum est. Ergo homo potest velle et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	583 facere bonum per seipsum absque auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	584 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="38371"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	585 "ref">[38371] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	586 unumquodque magis potest in id quod est sibi secundum naturam, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	587 in id quod est sibi praeter naturam. Sed peccatum est contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	588 naturam, ut Damascenus dicit, in II libro, opus autem virtutis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	589 homini secundum naturam, ut supra dictum est. Cum igitur homo per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	590 seipsum possit peccare, videtur quod multo magis per seipsum possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	591 bonum velle et facere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	592 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="38372"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	593 "ref">[38372] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	594 bonum intellectus est verum, ut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	595 intellectus potest cognoscere verum per seipsum, sicut et quaelibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	596 alia res potest suam naturalem operationem per se facere. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	597 multo magis homo potest per seipsum facere et velle bonum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	598 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 s. c."><a name="38373"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	599 "ref">[38373] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	600 est quod apostolus dicit, Rom. IX, non est volentis, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	601 velle, neque currentis, scilicet currere, sed miserentis Dei. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	602 Augustinus dicit, in libro de Corrept. et gratia, quod <i>sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	603 gratia nullum prorsus, sive cogitando, sive volendo et amando, sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	604 agendo, faciunt homines bonum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	605 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 co."><a name="38374"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	606 "ref">[38374] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	607 dicendum quod natura hominis dupliciter potest considerari, uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	608 modo, in sui integritate, sicut fuit in primo parente ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	609 peccatum; alio modo, secundum quod est corrupta in nobis post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	610 peccatum primi parentis. Secundum autem utrumque statum, natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	611 humana indiget auxilio divino ad faciendum vel volendum quodcumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	612 bonum, sicut primo movente, ut dictum est. Sed in statu naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	613 integrae, quantum ad sufficientiam operativae virtutis, poterat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	614 homo per sua naturalia velle et operari bonum suae naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	615 proportionatum, quale est bonum virtutis acquisitae, non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	616 bonum superexcedens, quale est bonum virtutis infusae. Sed in statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	617 naturae corruptae etiam deficit homo ab hoc quod secundum suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	618 naturam potest, ut non possit totum huiusmodi bonum implere per sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	619 naturalia. Quia tamen natura humana per peccatum non est totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	620 corrupta, ut scilicet toto bono naturae privetur; potest quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	621 etiam in statu naturae corruptae, per virtutem suae naturae aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	622 bonum particulare agere, sicut aedificare domos, plantare vineas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	623 et alia huiusmodi; non tamen totum bonum sibi connaturale, ita quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	624 in nullo deficiat. Sicut homo infirmus potest per seipsum aliquem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	625 motum habere; non tamen perfecte potest moveri motu hominis sani,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	626 nisi sanetur auxilio medicinae. Sic igitur virtute gratuita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	627 superaddita virtuti naturae indiget homo in statu naturae integrae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	628 quantum ad unum, scilicet ad operandum et volendum bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	629 supernaturale. Sed in statu naturae corruptae, quantum ad duo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	630 scilicet ut sanetur; et ulterius ut bonum supernaturalis virtutis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	631 operetur, quod est meritorium. Ulterius autem in utroque statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	632 indiget homo auxilio divino ut ab ipso moveatur ad bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	633 agendum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	634 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="38375"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	635 "ref">[38375] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	636 ergo dicendum quod homo est dominus suorum actuum, et volendi et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	637 non volendi, propter deliberationem rationis, quae potest flecti ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	638 unam partem vel ad aliam. Sed quod deliberet vel non deliberet, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	639 huius etiam sit dominus, oportet quod hoc sit per deliberationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	640 praecedentem. Et cum hoc non procedat in infinitum, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	641 finaliter deveniatur ad hoc quod liberum arbitrium hominis moveatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	642 ab aliquo exteriori principio quod est supra mentem humanam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	643 scilicet a Deo; ut etiam philosophus probat in cap. de bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	644 fortuna. Unde mens hominis etiam sani non ita habet dominium sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	645 actus quin indigeat moveri a Deo. Et multo magis liberum arbitrium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	646 hominis infirmi post peccatum, quod impeditur a bono per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	647 corruptionem naturae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	648 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="38376"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	649 "ref">[38376] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	650 dicendum quod peccare nihil aliud est quam deficere a bono quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	651 convenit alicui secundum suam naturam. Unaquaeque autem res creata,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	652 sicut esse non habet nisi ab alio, et in se considerata est nihil,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	653 ita indiget conservari in bono suae naturae convenienti ab alio.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	654 Potest autem per seipsam deficere a bono, sicut et per seipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	655 potest deficere in non esse, nisi divinitus conservaretur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	656 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="38377"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	657 "ref">[38377] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	658 dicendum quod etiam verum non potest homo cognoscere sine auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	659 divino, sicut supra dictum est. Et tamen magis est natura humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	660 corrupta per peccatum quantum ad appetitum boni, quam quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	661 cognitionem veri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	662 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	663 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	664 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="38378"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	665 "ref">[38378] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	666 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo non possit diligere Deum super
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	667 omnia ex solis naturalibus sine gratia. Diligere enim Deum super
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	668 omnia est proprius et principalis caritatis actus. Sed caritatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	669 homo non potest habere per seipsum, quia <i>caritas Dei diffusa est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	670 in cordibus nostris per spiritum sanctum, qui datus est nobis</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	671 ut dicitur Rom. V. Ergo homo ex solis naturalibus non potest Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	672 diligere super omnia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	673 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="38379"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	674 "ref">[38379] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	675 nulla natura potest supra seipsam. Sed diligere aliquid plus quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	676 se, est tendere in aliquid supra seipsum. Ergo nulla natura creata
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	677 potest Deum diligere supra seipsam sine auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	678 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="38380"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	679 "ref">[38380] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	680 Deo, cum sit summum bonum, debetur summus amor, qui est ut super
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	681 omnia diligatur. Sed ad summum amorem Deo impendendum, qui ei a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	682 nobis debetur, homo non sufficit sine gratia, alioquin frustra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	683 gratia adderetur. Ergo homo non potest sine gratia ex solis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	684 naturalibus diligere Deum super omnia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	685 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 s. c."><a name="38381"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	686 "ref">[38381] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	687 primus homo in solis naturalibus constitutus fuit, ut a quibusdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	688 ponitur. In quo statu manifestum est quod aliqualiter Deum dilexit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	689 Sed non dilexit Deum aequaliter sibi, vel minus se, quia secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	690 hoc peccasset. Ergo dilexit Deum supra se. Ergo homo ex solis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	691 naturalibus potest Deum diligere plus quam se, et super omnia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	692 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 co."><a name="38382"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	693 "ref">[38382] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	694 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est in primo, in quo etiam circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	695 naturalem dilectionem Angelorum diversae opiniones sunt positae;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	696 homo in statu naturae integrae poterat operari virtute suae naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	697 bonum quod est sibi connaturale, absque superadditione gratuiti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	698 doni, licet non absque auxilio Dei moventis. Diligere autem Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	699 super omnia est quiddam connaturale homini; et etiam cuilibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	700 creaturae non solum rationali, sed irrationali et etiam inanimatae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	701 secundum modum amoris qui unicuique creaturae competere potest.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	702 Cuius ratio est quia unicuique naturale est quod appetat et amet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	703 aliquid, secundum quod aptum natum est esse, <i>sic enim agit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	704 unumquodque, prout aptum natum est</i>, ut dicitur in II Physic.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	705 Manifestum est autem quod bonum partis est propter bonum totius.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	706 Unde etiam naturali appetitu vel amore unaquaeque res particularis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	707 amat bonum suum proprium propter bonum commune totius universi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	708 quod est Deus. Unde et Dionysius dicit, in libro de Div. Nom., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	709 <i>Deus convertit omnia ad amorem sui ipsius</i>. Unde homo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	710 statu naturae integrae dilectionem sui ipsius referebat ad amorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	711 Dei sicut ad finem, et similiter dilectionem omnium aliarum rerum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	712 Et ita Deum diligebat plus quam seipsum, et super omnia. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	713 statu naturae corruptae homo ab hoc deficit secundum appetitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	714 voluntatis rationalis, quae propter corruptionem naturae sequitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	715 bonum privatum, nisi sanetur per gratiam Dei. Et ideo dicendum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	716 quod homo in statu naturae integrae non indigebat dono gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	717 superadditae naturalibus bonis ad diligendum Deum naturaliter super
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	718 omnia; licet indigeret auxilio Dei ad hoc eum moventis. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	719 statu naturae corruptae indiget homo etiam ad hoc auxilio gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	720 naturam sanantis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	721 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="38383"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	722 "ref">[38383] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	723 ergo dicendum quod caritas diligit Deum super omnia eminentius quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	724 natura. Natura enim diligit Deum super omnia, prout est principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	725 et finis naturalis boni, caritas autem secundum quod est obiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	726 beatitudinis, et secundum quod homo habet quandam societatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	727 spiritualem cum Deo. Addit etiam caritas super dilectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	728 naturalem Dei promptitudinem quandam et delectationem, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	729 quilibet habitus virtutis addit supra actum bonum qui fit ex sola
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	730 naturali ratione hominis virtutis habitum non habentis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	731 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="38384"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	732 "ref">[38384] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	733 dicendum quod, cum dicitur quod nulla natura potest supra seipsam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	734 non est intelligendum quod non possit ferri in aliquod obiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	735 quod est supra se, manifestum est enim quod intellectus noster
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	736 naturali cognitione potest aliqua cognoscere quae sunt supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	737 seipsum, ut patet in naturali cognitione Dei. Sed intelligendum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	738 quod natura non potest in actum excedentem proportionem suae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	739 virtutis. Talis autem actus non est diligere Deum super omnia, hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	740 enim est naturale cuilibet naturae creatae, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	741 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="38385"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	742 "ref">[38385] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	743 dicendum quod amor dicitur summus non solum quantum ad gradum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	744 dilectionis, sed etiam quantum ad rationem diligendi, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	745 dilectionis modum. Et secundum hoc, supremus gradus dilectionis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	746 quo caritas diligit Deum ut beatificantem, sicut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	747 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	748 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	749 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="38386"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	750 "ref">[38386] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	751 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo sine gratia per sua naturalia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	752 possit praecepta legis implere. Dicit enim apostolus, ad Rom. II,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	753 quod <i>gentes, quae legem non habent, naturaliter ea quae legis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	754 sunt faciunt</i>. Sed illud quod naturaliter homo facit, potest per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	755 seipsum facere absque gratia. Ergo homo potest legis praecepta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	756 facere absque gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	757 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="38387"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	758 "ref">[38387] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	759 Hieronymus dicit, in expositione Catholicae fidei, <i>illos esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	760 maledicendos qui Deum praecepisse homini aliquid impossibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	761 dicunt</i>. Sed impossibile est homini quod per seipsum implere non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	762 potest. Ergo homo potest implere omnia praecepta legis per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	763 seipsum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	764 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="38388"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	765 "ref">[38388] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	766 inter omnia praecepta legis maximum est illud, <i>diliges dominum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	767 Deum tuum ex toto corde tuo</i>; ut patet Matth. XXII. Sed hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	768 mandatum potest homo implere ex solis naturalibus, diligendo Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	769 super omnia, ut supra dictum est. Ergo omnia mandata legis potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	770 homo implere sine gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	771 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 s. c."><a name="38389"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	772 "ref">[38389] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	773 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de haeresibus, hoc pertinere ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	774 haeresim Pelagianorum, ut credant <i>sine gratia posse hominem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	775 facere omnia divina mandata</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	776 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 co."><a name="38390"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	777 "ref">[38390] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	778 dicendum quod implere mandata legis contingit dupliciter. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	779 quantum ad substantiam operum, prout scilicet homo operatur iusta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	780 et fortia, et alia virtutis opera. Et hoc modo homo in statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	781 naturae integrae potuit omnia mandata legis implere, alioquin non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	782 potuisset in statu illo non peccare, cum nihil aliud sit peccare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	783 quam transgredi divina mandata. Sed in statu naturae corruptae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	784 potest homo implere omnia mandata divina sine gratia sanante. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	785 modo possunt impleri mandata legis non solum quantum ad substantiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	786 operis, sed etiam quantum ad modum agendi, ut scilicet ex caritate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	787 fiant. Et sic neque in statu naturae integrae, neque in statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	788 naturae corruptae, potest homo implere absque gratia legis mandata.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	789 Unde Augustinus, in libro de Corrept. et Grat., cum dixisset quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	790 sine gratia nullum prorsus bonum homines faciunt, subdit, <i>non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	791 solum ut, monstrante ipsa quid faciendum sit, sciant; verum etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	792 ut, praestante ipsa, faciant cum dilectione quod sciunt</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	793 Indigent insuper in utroque statu auxilio Dei moventis ad mandata
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	794 implenda, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	795 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="38391"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	796 "ref">[38391] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	797 ergo dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Spir. et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	798 Litt., <i>non moveat quod naturaliter eos dixit quae legis sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	799 facere, hoc enim agit spiritus gratiae, ut imaginem Dei, in qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	800 naturaliter facti sumus, instauret in nobis</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	801 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="38392"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	802 "ref">[38392] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	803 dicendum quod illud quod possumus cum auxilio divino, non est nobis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	804 omnino impossibile; secundum illud philosophi, in III Ethic.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	805 <i>quae per amicos possumus, aliqualiter per nos possumus</i>. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	806 et Hieronymus ibidem <i>confitetur sic nostrum liberum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	807 arbitrium, ut dicamus nos semper indigere Dei auxilio</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	808 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="38393"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	809 "ref">[38393] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	810 dicendum quod praeceptum de dilectione Dei non potest homo implere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	811 ex puris naturalibus secundum quod ex caritate impletur, ut ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	812 supradictis patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	813 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	814 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	815 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="38394"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	816 "ref">[38394] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	817 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit mereri vitam aeternam sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	818 gratia. Dicit enim dominus, Matth. XIX, <i>si vis ad vitam ingredi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	819 serva mandata</i>, ex quo videtur quod ingredi in vitam aeternam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	820 sit constitutum in hominis voluntate. Sed id quod in nostra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	821 voluntate constitutum est, per nos ipsos possumus. Ergo videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	822 quod homo per seipsum possit vitam aeternam mereri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	823 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="38395"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	824 "ref">[38395] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	825 vita aeterna est praemium vel merces quae hominibus redditur a Deo;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	826 secundum illud Matth. V, <i>merces vestra multa est in caelis</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	827 Sed merces vel praemium redditur a Deo homini secundum opera eius;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	828 secundum illud Psalmi LXI, <i>tu reddes unicuique secundum opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	829 eius</i>. Cum igitur homo sit dominus suorum operum, videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	830 in eius potestate constitutum sit ad vitam aeternam pervenire.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	831 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="38396"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	832 "ref">[38396] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	833 vita aeterna est ultimus finis humanae vitae. Sed quaelibet res
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	834 naturalis per sua naturalia potest consequi finem suum. Ergo multo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	835 magis homo, qui est altioris naturae, per sua naturalia potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	836 pervenire ad vitam aeternam absque aliqua gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	837 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 s. c."><a name="38397"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	838 "ref">[38397] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	839 est quod apostolus dicit, ad Rom. VI, <i>gratia Dei vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	840 aeterna</i>. Quod ideo dicitur, sicut Glossa ibidem dicit, <i>ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	841 intelligeremus Deum ad aeternam vitam pro sua miseratione nos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	842 perducere</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	843 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 co."><a name="38398"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	844 "ref">[38398] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	845 dicendum quod actus perducentes ad finem oportet esse fini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	846 proportionatos. Nullus autem actus excedit proportionem principii
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	847 activi. Et ideo videmus in rebus naturalibus quod nulla res potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	848 perficere effectum per suam operationem qui excedat virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	849 activam, sed solum potest producere per operationem suam effectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	850 suae virtuti proportionatum. Vita autem aeterna est finis excedens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	851 proportionem naturae humanae, ut ex supradictis patet. Et ideo homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	852 per sua naturalia non potest producere opera meritoria
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	853 proportionata vitae aeternae, sed ad hoc exigitur altior virtus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	854 quae est virtus gratiae. Et ideo sine gratia homo non potest mereri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	855 vitam aeternam. Potest tamen facere opera perducentia ad aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	856 bonum homini connaturale, sicut laborare in agro, bibere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	857 manducare, et habere amicum, et alia huiusmodi; ut Augustinus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	858 dicit, in tertia responsione contra Pelagianos.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	859 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="38399"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	860 "ref">[38399] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	861 ergo dicendum quod homo sua voluntate facit opera meritoria vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	862 aeternae, sed, sicut Augustinus in eodem libro dicit, ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	863 exigitur quod voluntas hominis praeparetur a Deo per gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	864 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="38400"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	865 "ref">[38400] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	866 dicendum quod, sicut Glossa dicit Rom. VI, super illud, <i>gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	867 Dei vita aeterna, certum est vitam aeternam bonis operibus reddi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	868 sed ipsa opera quibus redditur, ad Dei gratiam pertinent</i>, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	869 etiam supra dictum sit quod ad implendum mandata legis secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	870 debitum modum, per quem eorum impletio est meritoria, requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	871 gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	872 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="38401"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	873 "ref">[38401] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	874 dicendum quod obiectio illa procedit de fine homini connaturali.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	875 Natura autem humana, ex hoc ipso quod nobilior est, potest ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	876 altiorem finem perduci, saltem auxilio gratiae, ad quem inferiores
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	877 naturae nullo modo pertingere possunt. Sicut homo est melius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	878 dispositus ad sanitatem qui aliquibus auxiliis medicinae potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	879 sanitatem consequi, quam ille qui nullo modo; ut philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	880 introducit in II de caelo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	881 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	882 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	883 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="38402"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	884 "ref">[38402] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	885 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit seipsum ad gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	886 praeparare per seipsum, absque exteriori auxilio gratiae. Nihil
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	887 enim imponitur homini quod sit ei impossibile, ut supra dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	888 Sed Zach. I dicitur, <i>convertimini ad me, et ego convertar ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	889 vos</i>, nihil autem est aliud se ad gratiam praeparare quam ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	890 Deum converti. Ergo videtur quod homo per seipsum possit se ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	891 gratiam praeparare absque auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	892 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="38403"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	893 "ref">[38403] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	894 homo se ad gratiam praeparat faciendo quod in se est, quia si homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	895 facit quod in se est, Deus ei non denegat gratiam; dicitur enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	896 Matth. VII, quod Deus dat spiritum bonum petentibus se. Sed illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	897 in nobis esse dicitur quod est in nostra potestate. Ergo videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	898 quod in nostra potestate sit constitutum ut nos ad gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	899 praeparemus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	900 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="38404"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	901 "ref">[38404] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	902 si homo indiget gratia ad hoc quod praeparet se ad gratiam, pari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	903 ratione indigebit gratia ad hoc quod praeparet se ad illam gratiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	904 et sic procederetur in infinitum, quod est inconveniens. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	905 videtur standum in primo, ut scilicet homo sine gratia possit se ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	906 gratiam praeparare.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	907 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 arg. 4"><a name="38405"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	908 "ref">[38405] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	909 Prov. XVI dicitur, hominis est praeparare animum. Sed illud dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	910 esse hominis quod per seipsum potest. Ergo videtur quod homo per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	911 seipsum se possit ad gratiam praeparare.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	912 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 s. c."><a name="38406"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	913 "ref">[38406] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	914 est quod dicitur Ioan. VI, <i>nemo potest venire ad me, nisi pater,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	915 qui misit me, traxerit eum</i>. Si autem homo seipsum praeparare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	916 posset, non oporteret quod ab alio traheretur. Ergo homo non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	917 se praeparare ad gratiam absque auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	918 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 co."><a name="38407"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	919 "ref">[38407] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	920 dicendum quod duplex est praeparatio voluntatis humanae ad bonum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	921 Una quidem qua praeparatur ad bene operandum et ad Deo fruendum. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	922 talis praeparatio voluntatis non potest fieri sine habituali
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	923 gratiae dono, quod sit principium operis meritorii, ut dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	924 Alio modo potest intelligi praeparatio voluntatis humanae ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	925 consequendum ipsum gratiae habitualis donum. Ad hoc autem quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	926 praeparet se ad susceptionem huius doni, non oportet praesupponere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	927 aliquod aliud donum habituale in anima, quia sic procederetur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	928 infinitum, sed oportet praesupponi aliquod auxilium gratuitum Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	929 interius animam moventis, sive inspirantis bonum propositum. His
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	930 enim duobus modis indigemus auxilio divino, ut supra dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	931 Quod autem ad hoc indigeamus auxilio Dei moventis, manifestum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	932 Necesse est enim, cum omne agens agat propter finem, quod omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	933 causa convertat suos effectus ad suum finem. Et ideo, cum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	934 ordinem agentium sive moventium sit ordo finium, necesse est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	935 ad ultimum finem convertatur homo per motionem primi moventis, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	936 finem autem proximum per motionem alicuius inferiorum moventium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	937 sicut animus militis convertitur ad quaerendum victoriam ex motione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	938 ducis exercitus, ad sequendum autem vexillum alicuius aciei ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	939 motione tribuni. Sic igitur, cum Deus sit primum movens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	940 simpliciter, ex eius motione est quod omnia in ipsum convertantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	941 secundum communem intentionem boni, per quam unumquodque intendit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	942 assimilari Deo secundum suum modum. Unde et Dionysius, in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	943 Div. Nom., dicit quod Deus convertit omnia ad seipsum. Sed homines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	944 iustos convertit ad seipsum sicut ad specialem finem, quem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	945 intendunt, et cui cupiunt adhaerere sicut bono proprio; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	946 illud Psalmi LXXII, mihi adhaerere Deo bonum est. Et ideo quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	947 convertatur ad Deum, hoc non potest esse nisi Deo ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	948 convertente. Hoc autem est praeparare se ad gratiam, quasi ad Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	949 converti, sicut ille qui habet oculum aversum a lumine solis, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	950 hoc se praeparat ad recipiendum lumen solis, quod oculos suos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	951 convertit versus solem. Unde patet quod homo non potest se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	952 praeparare ad lumen gratiae suscipiendum, nisi per auxilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	953 gratuitum Dei interius moventis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	954 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="38408"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	955 "ref">[38408] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	956 ergo dicendum quod conversio hominis ad Deum fit quidem per liberum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	957 arbitrium; et secundum hoc homini praecipitur quod se ad Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	958 convertat. Sed liberum arbitrium ad Deum converti non potest nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	959 Deo ipsum ad se convertente; secundum illud Ierem. XXXI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	960 <i>converte me, et convertar, quia tu dominus Deus meus</i>; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	961 Thren. ult., <i>converte nos, domine, ad te, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	962 convertemur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	963 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="38409"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	964 "ref">[38409] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	965 dicendum quod nihil homo potest facere nisi a Deo moveatur;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	966 secundum illud Ioan. XV, sine me nihil potestis facere. Et ideo cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	967 dicitur homo facere quod in se est, dicitur hoc esse in potestate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	968 hominis secundum quod est motus a Deo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	969 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="38410"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	970 "ref">[38410] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	971 dicendum quod obiectio illa procedit de gratia habituali, ad quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	972 requiritur aliqua praeparatio, quia omnis forma requirit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	973 susceptibile dispositum. Sed hoc quod homo moveatur a Deo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	974 praeexigit aliquam aliam motionem, cum Deus sit primum movens. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	975 non oportet abire in infinitum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	976 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 6 ad 4"><a name="38411"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	977 "ref">[38411] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 6 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	978 dicendum quod hominis est praeparare animum, quia hoc facit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	979 liberum arbitrium, sed tamen hoc non facit sine auxilio Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	980 moventis et ad se attrahentis, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	981 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	982 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	983 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="38412"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	984 "ref">[38412] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	985 septimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit resurgere a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	986 peccato sine auxilio gratiae. Illud enim quod praeexigitur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	987 gratiam, fit sine gratia. Sed resurgere a peccato praeexigitur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	988 illuminationem gratiae, dicitur enim ad Ephes. V, <i>exurge a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	989 mortuis, et illuminabit te Christus</i>. Ergo homo potest resurgere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	990 a peccato sine gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	991 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="38413"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	992 "ref">[38413] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	993 peccatum virtuti opponitur sicut morbus sanitati, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	994 est. Sed homo per virtutem naturae potest resurgere de aegritudine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	995 ad sanitatem sine auxilio exterioris medicinae, propter hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	996 intus manet principium vitae, a quo procedit operatio naturalis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	997 Ergo videtur quod, simili ratione, homo possit reparari per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	998 seipsum, redeundo de statu peccati ad statum iustitiae, absque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	999 auxilio exterioris gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1000 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="38414"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1001 "ref">[38414] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1002 quaelibet res naturalis potest redire ad actum convenientem suae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1003 naturae, sicut aqua calefacta per seipsam redit ad naturalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1004 frigiditatem, et lapis sursum proiectus per seipsum redit ad suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1005 naturalem motum. Sed peccatum est quidam actus contra naturam; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1006 patet per Damascenus, in II libro. Ergo videtur quod homo possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1007 per seipsum redire de peccato ad statum iustitiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1008 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 s. c."><a name="38415"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1009 "ref">[38415] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1010 est quod apostolus dicit, ad Gal. II, <i>si data est lex quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1011 potest iustificare, ergo Christus gratis mortuus est</i>, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1012 sine causa. Pari ergo ratione, si homo habet naturam per quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1013 potest iustificari, Christus gratis, idest sine causa, mortuus est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1014 Sed hoc est inconveniens dicere. Ergo non potest homo per seipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1015 iustificari, idest redire de statu culpae ad statum iustitiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1016 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 co."><a name="38416"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1017 "ref">[38416] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1018 dicendum quod homo nullo modo potest resurgere a peccato per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1019 seipsum sine auxilio gratiae. Cum enim peccatum transiens actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1020 remaneat reatu, ut supra dictum est; non est idem resurgere a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1021 peccato quod cessare ab actu peccati. Sed resurgere a peccato est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1022 reparari hominem ad ea quae peccando amisit. Incurrit autem homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1023 triplex detrimentum peccando, ut ex supradictis patet, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1024 maculam, corruptionem naturalis boni, et reatum poenae. Maculam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1025 quidem incurrit, inquantum privatur decore gratiae ex deformitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1026 peccati. Bonum autem naturae corrumpitur, inquantum natura hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1027 deordinatur voluntate hominis Deo non subiecta, hoc enim ordine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1028 sublato, consequens est ut tota natura hominis peccantis inordinata
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1029 remaneat. Reatus vero poenae est per quem homo peccando mortaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1030 meretur damnationem aeternam. Manifestum est autem de singulis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1031 horum trium, quod non possunt reparari nisi per Deum. Cum enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1032 decor gratiae proveniat ex illustratione divini luminis, non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1033 talis decor in anima reparari, nisi Deo denuo illustrante, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1034 requiritur habituale donum, quod est gratiae lumen. Similiter ordo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1035 naturae reparari non potest, ut voluntas hominis Deo subiiciatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1036 nisi Deo voluntatem hominis ad se trahente, sicut dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1037 Similiter etiam reatus poenae aeternae remitti non potest nisi a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1038 Deo, in quem est offensa commissa, et qui est hominum iudex. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1039 ideo requiritur auxilium gratiae ad hoc quod homo a peccato
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1040 resurgat, et quantum ad habituale donum, et quantum ad interiorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1041 Dei motionem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1042 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="38417"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1043 "ref">[38417] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1044 ergo dicendum quod illud indicitur homini quod pertinet ad actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1045 liberi arbitrii qui requiritur in hoc quod homo a peccato resurgat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1046 Et ideo cum dicitur, exsurge, et illuminabit te Christus, non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1047 intelligendum quod tota exurrectio a peccato praecedat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1048 illuminationem gratiae, sed quia cum homo per liberum arbitrium a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1049 Deo motum surgere conatur a peccato, recipit lumen gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1050 iustificantis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1051 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="38418"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1052 "ref">[38418] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1053 dicendum quod naturalis ratio non est sufficiens principium huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1054 sanitatis quae est in homine per gratiam iustificantem; sed huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1055 principium est gratia, quae tollitur per peccatum. Et ideo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1056 potest homo per seipsum reparari, sed indiget ut denuo ei lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1057 gratiae infundatur, sicut si corpori mortuo resuscitando denuo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1058 infunderetur anima.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1059 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="38419"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1060 "ref">[38419] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1061 dicendum quod, quando natura est integra, per seipsam potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1062 reparari ad id quod est sibi conveniens et proportionatum, sed ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1063 id quod superexcedit suam proportionem, reparari non potest sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1064 exteriori auxilio. Sic igitur humana natura defluens per actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1065 peccati, quia non manet integra sed corrumpitur, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1066 est, non potest per seipsam reparari neque etiam ad bonum sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1067 connaturale; et multo minus ad bonum supernaturalis iustitiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1068 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1069 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1070 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="38420"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1071 "ref">[38420] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1072 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo sine gratia possit non peccare.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1073 <i>Nullus enim peccat in eo quod vitare non potest</i>; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1074 Augustinus dicit, in libro de Duab. Animab., et de Lib. Arb. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1075 ergo homo existens in peccato mortali non possit vitare peccatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1076 videtur quod peccando non peccet. Quod est inconveniens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1077 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="38421"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1078 "ref">[38421] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1079 ad hoc corripitur homo ut non peccet. Si igitur homo in peccato
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1080 mortali existens non potest non peccare, videtur quod frustra ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1081 correptio adhibeatur. Quod est inconveniens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1082 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="38422"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1083 "ref">[38422] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1084 Eccli. XV dicitur, <i>ante hominem vita et mors, bonum et malum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1085 quod placuerit ei, dabitur illi</i>. Sed aliquis peccando non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1086 desinit esse homo. Ergo adhuc in eius potestate est eligere bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1087 vel malum. Et ita potest homo sine gratia vitare peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1088 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 s. c."><a name="38423"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1089 "ref">[38423] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1090 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Perfect. Iustit.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1091 <i>quisquis negat nos orare debere ne intremus in tentationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1092 (negat autem hoc qui contendit ad non peccandum gratiae Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1093 adiutorium non esse homini necessarium, sed, sola lege accepta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1094 humanam sufficere voluntatem), ab auribus omnium removendum, et ore
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1095 omnium anathematizandum esse non dubito</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1096 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 co."><a name="38424"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1097 "ref">[38424] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1098 dicendum quod de homine dupliciter loqui possumus, uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1099 secundum statum naturae integrae; alio modo, secundum statum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1100 naturae corruptae. Secundum statum quidem naturae integrae, etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1101 sine gratia habituali, poterat homo non peccare nec mortaliter nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1102 venialiter, quia peccare nihil aliud est quam recedere ab eo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1103 est secundum naturam, quod vitare homo poterat in integritate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1104 naturae. Non tamen hoc poterat sine auxilio Dei in bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1105 conservantis, quo subtracto, etiam ipsa natura in nihilum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1106 decideret. In statu autem naturae corruptae, indiget homo gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1107 habituali sanante naturam, ad hoc quod omnino a peccato abstineat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1108 Quae quidem sanatio primo fit in praesenti vita secundum mentem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1109 appetitu carnali nondum totaliter reparato, unde apostolus, ad Rom.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1110 VII, in persona hominis reparati, dicit, <i>ego ipse mente servio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1111 legi Dei, carne autem legi peccati</i>. In quo quidem statu potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1112 homo abstinere a peccato mortali quod in ratione consistit, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1113 supra habitum est. Non autem potest homo abstinere ab omni peccato
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1114 veniali, propter corruptionem inferioris appetitus sensualitatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1115 cuius motus singulos quidem ratio reprimere potest (et ex hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1116 habent rationem peccati et voluntarii), non autem omnes, quia dum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1117 uni resistere nititur, fortassis alius insurgit; et etiam quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1118 ratio non semper potest esse pervigil ad huiusmodi motus vitandos;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1119 ut supra dictum est. Similiter etiam antequam hominis ratio, in qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1120 est peccatum mortale, reparetur per gratiam iustificantem, potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1121 singula peccata mortalia vitare, et secundum aliquod tempus, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1122 non est necesse quod continuo peccet in actu. Sed quod diu maneat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1123 absque peccato mortali, esse non potest. Unde et Gregorius dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1124 super Ezech., quod <i>peccatum quod mox per poenitentiam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1125 deletur, suo pondere ad aliud trahit</i>. Et huius ratio est quia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1126 sicut rationi subdi debet inferior appetitus, ita etiam ratio debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1127 subdi Deo, et in ipso constituere finem suae voluntatis. Per finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1128 autem oportet quod regulentur omnes actus humani, sicut per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1129 rationis iudicium regulari debent motus inferioris appetitus. Sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1130 ergo, inferiori appetitu non totaliter subiecto rationi, non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1131 esse quin contingant inordinati motus in appetitu sensitivo; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1132 etiam, ratione hominis non existente subiecta Deo, consequens est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1133 ut contingant multae inordinationes in ipsis actibus rationis. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1134 enim homo non habet cor suum firmatum in Deo, ut pro nullo bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1135 consequendo vel malo vitando ab eo separari vellet; occurrunt multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1136 propter quae consequenda vel vitanda homo recedit a Deo contemnendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1137 praecepta ipsius, et ita peccat mortaliter, praecipue quia in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1138 repentinis homo operatur secundum finem praeconceptum, et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1139 habitum praeexistentem, ut philosophus dicit, in III Ethic.;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1140 quamvis ex praemeditatione rationis homo possit aliquid agere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1141 praeter ordinem finis praeconcepti, et praeter inclinationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1142 habitus. Sed quia homo non potest semper esse in tali
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1143 praemeditatione, non potest contingere ut diu permaneat quin
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1144 operetur secundum consequentiam voluntatis deordinatae a Deo, nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1145 cito per gratiam ad debitum ordinem reparetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1146 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="38425"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1147 "ref">[38425] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1148 ergo dicendum quod homo potest vitare singulos actus peccati, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1149 tamen omnes, nisi per gratiam, ut dictum est. Et tamen quia ex eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1150 defectu est quod homo se ad gratiam habendam non praeparet, per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1151 a peccato non excusatur, quod sine gratia peccatum vitare non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1152 potest.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1153 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="38426"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1154 "ref">[38426] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1155 dicendum quod correptio utilis est <i>ut ex dolore correptionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1156 voluntas regenerationis oriatur. Si tamen qui corripitur filius est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1157 promissionis, ut, strepitu correptionis forinsecus insonante ac
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1158 flagellante, Deus in illo intrinsecus occulta inspiratione operetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1159 et velle</i>; ut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Corrept. et Grat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1160 Ideo ergo necessaria est correptio, quia voluntas hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1161 requiritur ad hoc quod a peccato abstineat. Sed tamen correptio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1162 est sufficiens sine Dei auxilio, unde dicitur Eccle. VII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1163 <i>considera opera Dei, quod nemo possit corrigere quem ille
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1164 despexerit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1165 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="38427"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1166 "ref">[38427] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1167 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in Hypognost., verbum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1168 intelligitur de homine secundum statum naturae integrae, quando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1169 nondum erat servus peccati, unde poterat peccare et non peccare.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1170 Nunc etiam quodcumque vult homo, datur ei. Sed hoc quod bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1171 velit, habet ex auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1172 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1173 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1174 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="38428"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1175 "ref">[38428] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1176 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ille qui iam consecutus est gratiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1177 per seipsum possit operari bonum et vitare peccatum, absque alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1178 auxilio gratiae. Unumquodque enim aut frustra est, aut imperfectum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1179 si non implet illud ad quod datur. Sed gratia ad hoc datur nobis ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1180 possimus bonum facere et vitare peccatum. Si igitur per gratiam hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1181 homo non potest, videtur quod vel gratia sit frustra data, vel sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1182 imperfecta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1183 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="38429"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1184 "ref">[38429] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1185 per gratiam ipse spiritus sanctus in nobis habitat; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1186 I ad Cor. III, <i>nescitis quia templum Dei estis, et spiritus Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1187 habitat in vobis?</i> Sed spiritus sanctus, cum sit omnipotens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1188 sufficiens est ut nos inducat ad bene operandum, et ut nos a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1189 peccato custodiat. Ergo homo gratiam consecutus potest utrumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1190 praedictorum absque alio auxilio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1191 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="38430"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1192 "ref">[38430] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1193 si homo consecutus gratiam adhuc alio auxilio gratiae indiget ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1194 hoc quod recte vivat et a peccato abstineat, pari ratione et si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1195 illud aliud auxilium gratiae consecutus fuerit, adhuc alio auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1196 indigebit. Procedetur ergo in infinitum, quod est inconveniens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1197 Ergo ille qui est in gratia, non indiget alio auxilio gratiae ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1198 hoc quod bene operetur et a peccato abstineat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1199 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 s. c."><a name="38431"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1200 "ref">[38431] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1201 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de natura et gratia, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1202 <i>sicut oculus corporis plenissime sanus, nisi candore lucis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1203 adiutus, non potest cernere; sic et homo perfectissime etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1204 iustificatus, nisi aeterna luce iustitiae divinitus adiuvetur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1205 recte non potest vivere</i>. Sed iustificatio fit per gratiam;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1206 secundum illud Rom. III. <i>Iustificati gratis per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1207 ipsius</i>. Ergo etiam homo iam habens gratiam indiget alio auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1208 gratiae ad hoc quod recte vivat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1209 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 co."><a name="38432"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1210 "ref">[38432] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1211 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, homo ad recte vivendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1212 dupliciter auxilio Dei indiget. Uno quidem modo, quantum ad aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1213 habituale donum, per quod natura humana corrupta sanetur; et etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1214 sanata elevetur ad operandum opera meritoria vitae aeternae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1215 excedunt proportionem naturae. Alio modo indiget homo auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1216 gratiae ut a Deo moveatur ad agendum. Quantum igitur ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1217 auxilii modum, homo in gratia existens non indiget alio auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1218 gratiae quasi aliquo alio habitu infuso. Indiget tamen auxilio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1219 gratiae secundum alium modum, ut scilicet a Deo moveatur ad recte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1220 agendum. Et hoc propter duo. Primo quidem, ratione generali,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1221 propter hoc quod, sicut supra dictum est, nulla res creata potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1222 in quemcumque actum prodire nisi virtute motionis divinae. Secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1223 ratione speciali, propter conditionem status humanae naturae. Quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1224 quidem licet per gratiam sanetur quantum ad mentem, remanet tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1225 in ea corruptio et infectio quantum ad carnem, per quam servit legi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1226 peccati, ut dicitur ad Rom. VII. Remanet etiam quaedam ignorantiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1227 obscuritas in intellectu, secundum quam, ut etiam dicitur Rom.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1228 VIII, <i>quid oremus sicut oportet, nescimus</i>. Propter varios
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1229 enim rerum eventus, et quia etiam nosipsos non perfecte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1230 cognoscimus, non possumus ad plenum scire quid nobis expediat;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1231 secundum illud Sap. IX, <i>cogitationes mortalium timidae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1232 incertae providentiae nostrae</i>. Et ideo necesse est nobis ut a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1233 Deo dirigamur et protegamur, qui omnia novit et omnia potest. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1234 propter hoc etiam renatis in filios Dei per gratiam, convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1235 dicere, <i>et ne nos inducas in tentationem, et, fiat voluntas tua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1236 sicut in caelo et in terra</i>, et cetera quae in oratione dominica
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1237 continentur ad hoc pertinentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1238 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="38433"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1239 "ref">[38433] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1240 ergo dicendum quod donum habitualis gratiae non ad hoc datur nobis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1241 ut per ipsum non indigeamus ulterius divino auxilio, indiget enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1242 quaelibet creatura ut a Deo conservetur in bono quod ab ipso
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1243 accepit. Et ideo si post acceptam gratiam homo adhuc indiget divino
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1244 auxilio, non potest concludi quod gratia sit in vacuum data, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1245 quod sit imperfecta. Quia etiam in statu gloriae, quando gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1246 erit omnino perfecta, homo divino auxilio indigebit. Hic autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1247 aliqualiter gratia imperfecta est, inquantum hominem non totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1248 sanat, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1249 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="38434"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1250 "ref">[38434] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1251 dicendum quod operatio spiritus sancti qua nos movet et protegit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1252 non circumscribitur per effectum habitualis doni quod in nobis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1253 causat; sed praeter hunc effectum nos movet et protegit, simul cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1254 patre et filio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1255 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="38435"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1256 "ref">[38435] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1257 dicendum quod ratio illa concludit quod homo non indigeat alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1258 habituali gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1259 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1260 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1261 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="38436"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1262 "ref">[38436] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1263 decimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo in gratia constitutus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1264 indigeat auxilio gratiae ad perseverandum. Perseverantia enim est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1265 aliquid minus virtute, sicut et continentia, ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1266 philosophum in VII Ethic. Sed homo non indiget alio auxilio gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1267 ad habendum virtutes, ex quo est iustificatus per gratiam. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1268 multo minus indiget auxilio gratiae ad habendum perseverantiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1269 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="38437"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1270 "ref">[38437] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1271 Praeterea, omnes virtutes simul infunduntur. Sed perseverantia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1272 ponitur quaedam virtus. Ergo videtur quod, simul cum gratia infusis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1273 aliis virtutibus, perseverantia detur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1274 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="38438"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1275 "ref">[38438] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1276 Praeterea, sicut apostolus dicit, ad Rom. V, plus restitutum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1277 homini per donum Christi, quam amiserit per peccatum Adae. Sed Adam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1278 accepit unde posset perseverare. Ergo multo magis nobis restituitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1279 per gratiam Christi ut perseverare possimus. Et ita homo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1280 indiget gratia ad perseverandum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1281 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 s. c."><a name="38439"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1282 "ref">[38439] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1283 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de perseverantia, <i>cur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1284 perseverantia poscitur a Deo, si non datur a Deo? An et ista
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1285 irrisoria petitio est, cum id ab eo petitur quod scitur non ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1286 dare, sed, ipso non dante, esse in hominis potestate?</i> Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1287 perseverantia petitur etiam ab illis qui sunt per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1288 sanctificati, quod intelligitur cum dicimus, sanctificetur nomen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1289 tuum, ut ibidem Augustinus confirmat per verba Cypriani. Ergo homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1290 etiam in gratia constitutus, indiget ut ei perseverantia a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1291 detur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1292 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 co."><a name="38440"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1293 "ref">[38440] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1294 dicendum quod perseverantia tripliciter dicitur. Quandoque enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1295 significat habitum mentis per quem homo firmiter stat, ne
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1296 removeatur ab eo quod est secundum virtutem, per tristitias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1297 irruentes, ut sic se habeat perseverantia ad tristitias sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1298 continentia ad concupiscentias et delectationes ut philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1299 dicit, in VII Ethic. Alio modo potest dici perseverantia habitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1300 quidam secundum quem habet homo propositum perseverandi in bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1301 usque in finem. Et utroque istorum modorum, perseverantia simul cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1302 gratia infunditur sicut et continentia et ceterae virtutes. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1303 modo dicitur perseverantia continuatio quaedam boni usque ad finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1304 vitae. Et ad talem perseverantiam habendam homo in gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1305 constitutus non quidem indiget aliqua alia habituali gratia, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1306 divino auxilio ipsum dirigente et protegente contra tentationum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1307 impulsus, sicut ex praecedenti quaestione apparet. Et ideo postquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1308 aliquis est iustificatus per gratiam, necesse habet a Deo petere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1309 praedictum perseverantiae donum, ut scilicet custodiatur a malo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1310 usque ad finem vitae. Multis enim datur gratia, quibus non datur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1311 perseverare in gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1312 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="38441"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1313 "ref">[38441] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1314 ergo dicendum quod obiectio illa procedit de primo modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1315 perseverantiae, sicut et secunda obiectio procedit de secundo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1316 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="38442"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1317 "ref">[38442] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Unde patet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1318 solutio ad secundum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1319 <p title="I-II q. 109 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="38443"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1320 "ref">[38443] Iª-IIae q. 109 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1321 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de natura et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1322 gratia, <i>homo in primo statu accepit donum per quod perseverare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1323 posset, non autem accepit ut perseveraret. Nunc autem per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1324 Christi multi accipiunt et donum gratiae quo perseverare possunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1325 et ulterius eis datur quod perseverent</i>. Et sic donum Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1326 est maius quam delictum Adae. Et tamen facilius homo per gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1327 donum perseverare poterat in statu innocentiae, in quo nulla erat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1328 rebellio carnis ad spiritum, quam nunc possumus, quando reparatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1329 gratiae Christi, etsi sit inchoata quantum ad mentem, nondum tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1330 est consummata quantum ad carnem. Quod erit in patria, ubi homo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1331 solum perseverare poterit, sed etiam peccare non poterit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1332 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1333 <div class="D">Quaestio 110</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1334 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1335 <p title="I-II q. 110 pr."><a name="38444"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1336 "ref">[38444] Iª-IIae q. 110 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1337 considerandum est de gratia Dei quantum ad eius essentiam. Et circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1338 hoc quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum gratia ponat aliquid in anima.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1339 Secundo, utrum gratia sit qualitas. Tertio, utrum gratia differat a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1340 virtute infusa. Quarto, de subiecto gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1341 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1342 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1343 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="38445"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1344 "ref">[38445] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1345 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia non ponat aliquid in anima.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1346 Sicut enim homo dicitur habere gratiam Dei, ita etiam gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1347 hominis, unde dicitur Gen. XXXIX, quod <i>dominus dedit Ioseph
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1348 gratiam in conspectu principis carceris</i>. Sed per hoc quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1349 dicitur habere gratiam hominis, nihil ponitur in eo qui gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1350 alterius habet; sed in eo cuius gratiam habet, ponitur acceptatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1351 quaedam. Ergo per hoc quod homo dicitur gratiam Dei habere, nihil
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1352 ponitur in anima, sed solum significatur acceptatio divina.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1353 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="38446"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1354 "ref">[38446] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1355 sicut anima vivificat corpus, ita Deus vivificat animam, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1356 dicitur Deut. XXX, ipse est vita tua. Sed anima vivificat corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1357 immediate. Ergo etiam nihil cadit medium inter Deum et animam. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1358 ergo gratia ponit aliquid creatum in anima.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1359 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="38447"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1360 "ref">[38447] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1361 ad Rom. I, super illud, <i>gratia vobis et pax</i>, dicit Glossa.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1362 Gratia, idest remissio peccatorum, sed remissio peccatorum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1363 ponit in anima aliquid, sed solum in Deo, non imputando peccatum;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1364 secundum illud Psalmi XXXI, <i>beatus vir cui non imputavit dominus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1365 peccatum</i>. Ergo nec gratia ponit aliquid in anima.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1366 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 s. c."><a name="38448"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1367 "ref">[38448] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1368 lux ponit aliquid in illuminato. Sed gratia est quaedam lux animae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1369 unde Augustinus dicit, in libro de natura et gratia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1370 <i>praevaricatorem legis digne lux deserit veritatis, qua desertus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1371 utique fit caecus</i>. Ergo gratia ponit aliquid in anima.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1372 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 co."><a name="38449"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1373 "ref">[38449] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1374 dicendum quod secundum communem modum loquendi, gratia tripliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1375 accipi consuevit. Uno modo, pro dilectione alicuius, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1376 consuevimus dicere quod iste miles habet gratiam regis, idest, rex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1377 habet eum gratum. Secundo sumitur pro aliquo dono gratis dato,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1378 sicut consuevimus dicere, hanc gratiam facio tibi. Tertio modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1379 sumitur pro recompensatione beneficii gratis dati, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1380 dicimur agere gratias beneficiorum. Quorum trium secundum dependet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1381 ex primo, ex amore enim quo aliquis alium gratum habet, procedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1382 quod aliquid ei gratis impendat. Ex secundo autem procedit tertium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1383 quia ex beneficiis gratis exhibitis gratiarum actio consurgit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1384 Quantum igitur ad duo ultima, manifestum est quod gratia aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1385 ponit in eo qui gratiam accipit, primo quidem, ipsum donum gratis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1386 datum; secundo, huius doni recognitionem. Sed quantum ad primum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1387 est differentia attendenda circa gratiam Dei et gratiam hominis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1388 Quia enim bonum creaturae provenit ex voluntate divina, ideo ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1389 dilectione Dei qua vult creaturae bonum, profluit aliquod bonum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1390 creatura. Voluntas autem hominis movetur ex bono praeexistente in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1391 rebus, et inde est quod dilectio hominis non causat totaliter rei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1392 bonitatem, sed praesupponit ipsam vel in parte vel in toto. Patet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1393 igitur quod quamlibet Dei dilectionem sequitur aliquod bonum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1394 creatura causatum quandoque, non tamen dilectioni aeternae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1395 coaeternum. Et secundum huiusmodi boni differentiam, differens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1396 consideratur dilectio Dei ad creaturam. Una quidem communis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1397 secundum quam diligit omnia quae sunt, ut dicitur Sap. XI; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1398 quam esse naturale rebus creatis largitur. Alia autem est dilectio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1399 specialis, secundum quam trahit creaturam rationalem supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1400 conditionem naturae, ad participationem divini boni. Et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1401 hanc dilectionem dicitur aliquem diligere simpliciter, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1402 secundum hanc dilectionem vult Deus simpliciter creaturae bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1403 aeternum, quod est ipse. Sic igitur per hoc quod dicitur homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1404 gratiam Dei habere, significatur quiddam supernaturale in homine a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1405 Deo proveniens. Quandoque tamen gratia Dei dicitur ipsa aeterna Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1406 dilectio, secundum quod dicitur etiam gratia praedestinationis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1407 inquantum Deus gratuito, et non ex meritis, aliquos praedestinavit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1408 sive elegit; dicitur enim ad Ephes. I, <i>praedestinavit nos in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1409 adoptionem filiorum, in laudem gloriae gratiae suae</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1410 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="38450"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1411 "ref">[38450] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1412 ergo dicendum quod etiam in hoc quod dicitur aliquis habere gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1413 hominis, intelligitur in aliquo esse aliquid quod sit homini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1414 gratum, sicut et in hoc quod dicitur aliquis gratiam Dei habere;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1415 sed differenter. Nam illud quod est homini gratum in alio homine,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1416 praesupponitur eius dilectioni, causatur autem ex dilectione divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1417 quod est in homine Deo gratum, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1418 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="38451"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1419 "ref">[38451] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1420 dicendum quod Deus est vita animae per modum causae efficientis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1421 sed anima est vita corporis per modum causae formalis inter formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1422 autem et materiam non cadit aliquod medium, quia forma per seipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1423 informat materiam vel subiectum. Sed agens informat subiectum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1424 per suam substantiam, sed per formam quam in materia causat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1425 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="38452"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1426 "ref">[38452] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1427 dicendum quod Augustinus dicit, in libro Retract., <i>ubi dixi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1428 gratiam esse remissionem peccatorum, pacem vero in reconciliatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1429 Dei, non sic accipiendum est ac si pax ipsa et reconciliatio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1430 pertineant ad gratiam generalem; sed quod specialiter nomine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1431 gratiae remissionem significaverit peccatorum</i>. Non ergo sola
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1432 remissio peccatorum ad gratiam pertinet, sed etiam multa alia Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1433 dona. Et etiam remissio peccatorum non fit sine aliquo effectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1434 divinitus in nobis causato, ut infra patebit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1435 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1436 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1437 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="38453"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1438 "ref">[38453] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1439 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia non sit qualitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1440 animae. Nulla enim qualitas agit in suum subiectum, quia actio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1441 qualitatis non est absque actione subiecti, et sic oporteret quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1442 subiectum ageret in seipsum. Sed gratia agit in animam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1443 iustificando ipsam. Ergo gratia non est qualitas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1444 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="38454"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1445 "ref">[38454] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1446 substantia est nobilior qualitate. Sed gratia est nobilior quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1447 natura animae, multa enim possumus per gratiam ad quae natura non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1448 sufficit, ut supra dictum est. Ergo gratia non est qualitas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1449 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="38455"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1450 "ref">[38455] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1451 nulla qualitas remanet postquam desinit esse in subiecto. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1452 gratia remanet. Non enim corrumpitur, quia sic in nihilum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1453 redigeretur, sicut ex nihilo creatur, unde et dicitur nova
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1454 creatura, ad Gal. ult. Ergo gratia non est qualitas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1455 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 s. c."><a name="38456"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1456 "ref">[38456] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1457 est quod, super illud Psalmi CIII, <i>ut exhilaret faciem in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1458 oleo</i>, dicit Glossa quod <i>gratia est nitor animae, sanctum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1459 concilians amorem</i>. Sed nitor animae est quaedam qualitas, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1460 et pulchritudo corporis. Ergo gratia est quaedam qualitas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1461 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 co."><a name="38457"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1462 "ref">[38457] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1463 dicendum quod, sicut iam dictum est, in eo qui dicitur gratiam Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1464 habere, significatur esse quidam effectus gratuitae Dei voluntatis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1465 Dictum est autem supra quod dupliciter ex gratuita Dei voluntate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1466 homo adiuvatur. Uno modo, inquantum anima hominis movetur a Deo ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1467 aliquid cognoscendum vel volendum vel agendum. Et hoc modo ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1468 gratuitus effectus in homine non est qualitas, sed motus quidam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1469 animae, actus enim moventis in moto est motus, ut dicitur in III
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1470 Physic. Alio modo adiuvatur homo ex gratuita Dei voluntate,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1471 secundum quod aliquod habituale donum a Deo animae infunditur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1472 hoc ideo, quia non est conveniens quod Deus minus provideat his
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1473 quos diligit ad supernaturale bonum habendum, quam creaturis quas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1474 diligit ad bonum naturale habendum. Creaturis autem naturalibus sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1475 providet ut non solum moveat eas ad actus naturales, sed etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1476 largiatur eis formas et virtutes quasdam, quae sunt principia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1477 actuum, ut secundum seipsas inclinentur ad huiusmodi motus. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1478 motus quibus a Deo moventur, fiunt creaturis connaturales et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1479 faciles; secundum illud Sap. VIII, et disponit omnia suaviter.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1480 Multo igitur magis illis quos movet ad consequendum bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1481 supernaturale aeternum, infundit aliquas formas seu qualitates
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1482 supernaturales, secundum quas suaviter et prompte ab ipso moveantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1483 ad bonum aeternum consequendum. Et sic donum gratiae qualitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1484 quaedam est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1485 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="38458"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1486 "ref">[38458] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1487 ergo dicendum quod gratia, secundum quod est qualitas, dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1488 agere in animam non per modum causae efficientis, sed per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1489 causae formalis, sicut albedo facit album, et iustitia iustum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1490 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="38459"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1491 "ref">[38459] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1492 dicendum quod omnis substantia vel est ipsa natura rei cuius est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1493 substantia, vel est pars naturae, secundum quem modum materia vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1494 forma substantia dicitur. Et quia gratia est supra naturam humanam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1495 non potest esse quod sit substantia aut forma substantialis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1496 est forma accidentalis ipsius animae. Id enim quod substantialiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1497 est in Deo, accidentaliter fit in anima participante divinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1498 bonitatem, ut de scientia patet. Secundum hoc ergo, quia anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1499 imperfecte participat divinam bonitatem, ipsa participatio divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1500 bonitatis quae est gratia, imperfectiori modo habet esse in anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1501 quam anima in seipsa subsistat. Est tamen nobilior quam natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1502 animae, inquantum est expressio vel participatio divinae bonitatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1503 non autem quantum ad modum essendi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1504 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="38460"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1505 "ref">[38460] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1506 dicendum quod, sicut dicit Boetius, accidentis esse est inesse.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1507 Unde omne accidens non dicitur ens quasi ipsum esse habeat, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1508 quia eo aliquid est, unde et magis dicitur esse entis quam ens, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1509 dicitur in VII Metaphys. Et quia eius est fieri vel corrumpi cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1510 est esse, ideo, proprie loquendo, nullum accidens neque fit neque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1511 corrumpitur, sed dicitur fieri vel corrumpi, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1512 subiectum incipit vel desinit esse in actu secundum illud accidens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1513 Et secundum hoc etiam gratia dicitur creari, ex eo quod homines
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1514 secundum ipsam creantur, idest in novo esse constituuntur, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1515 nihilo, idest non ex meritis; secundum illud ad Ephes. II,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1516 <i>creati in Christo Iesu in operibus bonis</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1517 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1518 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1519 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="38461"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1520 "ref">[38461] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1521 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia sit idem quod virtus. Dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1522 enim Augustinus quod <i>gratia operans est fides quae per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1523 dilectionem operatur</i>; ut habetur in libro de spiritu et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1524 littera. Sed fides quae per dilectionem operatur, est virtus. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1525 gratia est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1526 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="38462"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1527 "ref">[38462] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1528 cuicumque convenit definitio, et definitum. Sed definitiones de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1529 virtute datae sive a sanctis sive a philosophis, conveniunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1530 gratiae, ipsa enim bonum facit habentem et opus eius bonum reddit;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1531 ipsa etiam est bona qualitas mentis qua recte vivitur, et cetera.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1532 Ergo gratia est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1533 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="38463"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1534 "ref">[38463] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1535 gratia est qualitas quaedam. Sed manifestum est quod non est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1536 quarta specie qualitatis, quae est forma et circa aliquid constans
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1537 figura, quia non pertinet ad corpus. Neque etiam in tertia est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1538 quia non est passio vel passibilis qualitas, quae est in parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1539 animae sensitiva, ut probatur in VII Physic.; ipsa autem gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1540 principaliter est in mente. Neque iterum est in secunda specie,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1541 quae est potentia vel impotentia naturalis, quia gratia est supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1542 naturam; et non se habet ad bonum et malum, sicut potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1543 naturalis. Ergo relinquitur quod sit in prima specie, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1544 habitus vel dispositio. Habitus autem mentis sunt virtutes, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1545 etiam ipsa scientia quodammodo est virtus, ut supra dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1546 Ergo gratia est idem quod virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1547 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 s. c."><a name="38464"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1548 "ref">[38464] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1549 si gratia est virtus, maxime videtur quod sit aliqua trium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1550 theologicarum virtutum. Sed gratia non est fides vel spes, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1551 haec possunt esse sine gratia gratum faciente. Neque etiam caritas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1552 quia gratia praevenit caritatem, ut Augustinus dicit, in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1553 Praedest. sanctorum. Ergo gratia non est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1554 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 co."><a name="38465"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1555 "ref">[38465] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1556 dicendum quod quidam posuerunt idem esse gratiam et virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1557 secundum essentiam, sed differre solum secundum rationem, ut gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1558 dicatur secundum quod facit hominem Deo gratum, vel secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1559 gratis datur; virtus autem, secundum quod perficit ad bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1560 operandum. Et hoc videtur sensisse Magister, in II Sent. Sed si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1561 quis recte consideret rationem virtutis, hoc stare non potest. Quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1562 ut philosophus dicit, in VII Physic., <i>virtus est quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1563 dispositio perfecti, dico autem perfectum, quod est dispositum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1564 secundum naturam</i>. Ex quo patet quod virtus uniuscuiusque rei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1565 dicitur in ordine ad aliquam naturam praeexistentem, quando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1566 scilicet unumquodque sic est dispositum, secundum quod congruit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1567 suae naturae. Manifestum est autem quod virtutes acquisitae per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1568 actus humanos, de quibus supra dictum est, sunt dispositiones
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1569 quibus homo convenienter disponitur in ordine ad naturam qua homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1570 est. Virtutes autem infusae disponunt hominem altiori modo, et ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1571 altiorem finem, unde etiam oportet quod in ordine ad aliquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1572 altiorem naturam. Hoc autem est in ordine ad naturam divinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1573 participatam; secundum quod dicitur II Petr. I, <i>maxima et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1574 pretiosa nobis promissa donavit, ut per haec efficiamini divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1575 consortes naturae</i>. Et secundum acceptionem huius naturae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1576 dicimur regenerari in filios Dei. Sicut igitur lumen naturale
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1577 rationis est aliquid praeter virtutes acquisitas, quae dicuntur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1578 ordine ad ipsum lumen naturale; ita etiam ipsum lumen gratiae, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1579 est participatio divinae naturae, est aliquid praeter virtutes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1580 infusas, quae a lumine illo derivantur, et ad illud lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1581 ordinantur. Unde et apostolus dicit, ad Ephes. V, <i>eratis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1582 aliquando tenebrae, nunc autem lux in domino, ut filii lucis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1583 ambulate</i>. Sicut enim virtutes acquisitae perficiunt hominem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1584 ambulandum congruenter lumini naturali rationis; ita virtutes
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1585 infusae perficiunt hominem ad ambulandum congruenter lumini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1586 gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1587 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="38466"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1588 "ref">[38466] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1589 ergo dicendum quod Augustinus nominat fidem per dilectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1590 operantem gratiam, quia actus fidei per dilectionem operantis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1591 primus actus in quo gratia gratum faciens manifestatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1592 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="38467"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1593 "ref">[38467] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1594 dicendum quod bonum positum in definitione virtutis, dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1595 secundum convenientiam ad aliquam naturam praeexistentem, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1596 essentialem vel participatam. Sic autem bonum non attribuitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1597 gratiae, sed sicut radici bonitatis in homine, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1598 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="38468"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1599 "ref">[38468] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1600 dicendum quod gratia reducitur ad primam speciem qualitatis. Nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1601 tamen est idem quod virtus, sed habitudo quaedam quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1602 praesupponitur virtutibus infusis, sicut earum principium et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1603 radix.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1604 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1605 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1606 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="38469"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1607 "ref">[38469] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1608 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia non sit in essentia animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1609 sicut in subiecto, sed in aliqua potentiarum. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1610 Augustinus, in Hypognost., quod gratia comparatur ad voluntatem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1611 sive ad liberum arbitrium, sicut sessor ad equum. Sed voluntas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1612 sive liberum arbitrium, est potentia quaedam, ut in primo dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1613 est. Ergo gratia est in potentia animae sicut in subiecto.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1614 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="38470"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1615 "ref">[38470] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1616 ex gratia incipiunt merita hominis, ut Augustinus dicit. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1617 meritum consistit in actu, qui ex aliqua potentia procedit. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1618 videtur quod gratia sit perfectio alicuius potentiae animae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1619 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="38471"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1620 "ref">[38471] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1621 si essentia animae sit proprium subiectum gratiae, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1622 anima inquantum habet essentiam, sit capax gratiae. Sed hoc est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1623 falsum, quia sic sequeretur quod omnis anima esset gratiae capax.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1624 Non ergo essentia animae est proprium subiectum gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1625 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 arg. 4"><a name="38472"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1626 "ref">[38472] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1627 essentia animae est prior potentiis eius. Prius autem potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1628 intelligi sine posteriori. Ergo sequetur quod gratia possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1629 intelligi in anima, nulla parte vel potentia animae intellecta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1630 scilicet neque voluntate neque intellectu neque aliquo huiusmodi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1631 Quod est inconveniens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1632 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 s. c."><a name="38473"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1633 "ref">[38473] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1634 est quod per gratiam regeneramur in filios Dei. Sed generatio per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1635 prius terminatur ad essentiam quam ad potentias. Ergo gratia per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1636 prius est in essentia animae quam in potentiis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1637 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 co."><a name="38474"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1638 "ref">[38474] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1639 dicendum quod ista quaestio ex praecedenti dependet. Si enim gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1640 sit idem quod virtus, necesse est quod sit in potentia animae sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1641 in subiecto, nam potentia animae est proprium subiectum virtutis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1642 ut supra dictum est. Si autem gratia differt a virtute, non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1643 dici quod potentia animae sit gratiae subiectum, quia omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1644 perfectio potentiae animae habet rationem virtutis, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1645 est. Unde relinquitur quod gratia, sicut est prius virtute, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1646 habeat subiectum prius potentiis animae, ita scilicet quod sit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1647 essentia animae. Sicut enim per potentiam intellectivam homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1648 participat cognitionem divinam per virtutem fidei; et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1649 potentiam voluntatis amorem divinum, per virtutem caritatis; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1650 etiam per naturam animae participat, secundum quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1651 similitudinem, naturam divinam, per quandam regenerationem sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1652 recreationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1653 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="38475"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1654 "ref">[38475] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1655 ergo dicendum quod, sicut ab essentia animae effluunt eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1656 potentiae, quae sunt operum principia; ita etiam ab ipsa gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1657 effluunt virtutes in potentias animae, per quas potentiae moventur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1658 ad actus. Et secundum hoc gratia comparatur ad voluntatem ut movens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1659 ad motum, quae est comparatio sessoris ad equum, non autem sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1660 accidens ad subiectum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1661 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="38476"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1662 "ref">[38476] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Et per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1663 etiam patet solutio ad secundum. Est enim gratia principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1664 meritorii operis mediantibus virtutibus, sicut essentia animae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1665 principium operum vitae mediantibus potentiis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1666 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="38477"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1667 "ref">[38477] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1668 dicendum quod anima est subiectum gratiae secundum quod est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1669 specie intellectualis vel rationalis naturae. Non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1670 constituitur anima in specie per aliquam potentiam, cum potentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1671 sint proprietates naturales animae speciem consequentes. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1672 anima secundum suam essentiam differt specie ab aliis animabus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1673 scilicet brutorum animalium et plantarum. Et propter hoc, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1674 sequitur, si essentia animae humanae sit subiectum gratiae, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1675 quaelibet anima possit esse gratiae subiectum, hoc enim convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1676 essentiae animae inquantum est talis speciei.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1677 <p title="I-II q. 110 a. 4 ad 4"><a name="38478"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1678 "ref">[38478] Iª-IIae q. 110 a. 4 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1679 dicendum quod, cum potentiae animae sint naturales proprietates
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1680 speciem consequentes, anima non potest sine his esse. Dato autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1681 quod sine his esset, adhuc tamen anima diceretur secundum speciem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1682 suam intellectualis vel rationalis, non quia actu haberet has
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1683 potentias; sed propter speciem talis essentiae ex qua natae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1684 huiusmodi potentiae effluere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1685 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1686 <div class="D">Quaestio 111</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1687 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1688 <p title="I-II q. 111 pr."><a name="38479"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1689 "ref">[38479] Iª-IIae q. 111 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1690 considerandum est de divisione gratiae. Et circa hoc quaeruntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1691 quinque. Primo, utrum convenienter dividatur gratia per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1692 gratis datam et gratiam gratum facientem. Secundo, de divisione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1693 gratiae gratum facientis per operantem et cooperantem. Tertio, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1694 divisione eiusdem per gratiam praevenientem et subsequentem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1695 Quarto, de divisione gratiae gratis datae. Quinto, de comparatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1696 gratiae gratum facientis et gratis datae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1697 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1698 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1699 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="38480"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1700 "ref">[38480] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1701 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia non convenienter dividatur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1702 gratiam gratum facientem et gratiam gratis datam. Gratia enim est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1703 quoddam Dei donum, ut ex supradictis patet. Homo autem ideo non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1704 Deo gratus quia aliquid est ei datum a Deo, sed potius e converso,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1705 ideo enim aliquid datur alicui gratis a Deo, quia est homo gratus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1706 ei. Ergo nulla est gratia gratum faciens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1707 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="38481"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1708 "ref">[38481] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1709 quaecumque non dantur ex meritis praecedentibus, dantur gratis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1710 etiam ipsum bonum naturae datur homini absque merito praecedenti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1711 quia natura praesupponitur ad meritum. Ergo ipsa natura est etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1712 gratis data a Deo. Natura autem dividitur contra gratiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1713 Inconvenienter igitur hoc quod est gratis datum, ponitur ut gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1714 differentia, quia invenitur etiam extra gratiae genus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1715 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="38482"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1716 "ref">[38482] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1717 omnis divisio debet esse per opposita. Sed etiam ipsa gratia gratum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1718 faciens, per quam iustificamur, gratis nobis a Deo conceditur;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1719 secundum illud Rom. III, <i>iustificati gratis per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1720 ipsius</i>. Ergo gratia gratum faciens non debet dividi contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1721 gratiam gratis datam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1722 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 s. c."><a name="38483"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1723 "ref">[38483] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1724 est quod apostolus utrumque attribuit gratiae, scilicet et gratum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1725 facere, et esse gratis datum. Dicit enim quantum ad primum, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1726 Ephes. I, <i>gratificavit nos in dilecto filio suo</i>. Quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1727 vero ad secundum, dicitur ad Rom. XI, <i>si autem gratia, iam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1728 ex operibus, alioquin gratia iam non est gratia</i>. Potest ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1729 distingui gratia quae vel habet unum tantum, vel utrumque.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1730 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 co."><a name="38484"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1731 "ref">[38484] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1732 dicendum quod, sicut apostolus dicit, ad Rom. XIII, <i>quae a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1733 sunt, ordinata sunt</i>. In hoc autem ordo rerum consistit, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1734 quaedam per alia in Deum reducuntur; ut Dionysius dicit, in Cael.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1735 Hier. Cum igitur gratia ad hoc ordinetur ut homo reducatur in Deum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1736 ordine quodam hoc agitur, ut scilicet quidam per alios in Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1737 reducantur. Secundum hoc igitur duplex est gratia. Una quidem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1738 quam ipse homo Deo coniungitur, quae vocatur gratia gratum faciens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1739 Alia vero per quam unus homo cooperatur alteri ad hoc quod ad Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1740 reducatur. Huiusmodi autem donum vocatur gratia gratis data, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1741 supra facultatem naturae, et supra meritum personae, homini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1742 conceditur, sed quia non datur ad hoc ut homo ipse per eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1743 iustificetur, sed potius ut ad iustificationem alterius cooperetur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1744 ideo non vocatur gratum faciens. Et de hac dicit apostolus, I ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1745 Cor. XII, <i>unicuique datur manifestatio spiritus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1746 utilitatem</i>, scilicet aliorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1747 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="38485"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1748 "ref">[38485] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1749 ergo dicendum quod gratia non dicitur facere gratum effective, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1750 formaliter, scilicet quia per hanc homo iustificatur, et dignus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1751 efficitur vocari Deo gratus; secundum quod dicitur ad Coloss. I,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1752 <i>dignos nos fecit in partem sortis sanctorum in lumine</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1753 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="38486"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1754 "ref">[38486] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1755 dicendum quod gratia, secundum quod gratis datur, excludit rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1756 debiti. Potest autem intelligi duplex debitum. Unum quidem ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1757 merito proveniens, quod refertur ad personam, cuius est agere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1758 meritoria opera; secundum illud ad Rom. IV, <i>ei qui operatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1759 merces imputatur secundum debitum, non secundum gratiam</i>. Aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1760 est debitum ex conditione naturae, puta si dicamus debitum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1761 homini quod habeat rationem et alia quae ad humanam pertinent
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1762 naturam. Neutro autem modo dicitur debitum propter hoc quod Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1763 creaturae obligatur, sed potius inquantum creatura debet subiici
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1764 Deo ut in ea divina ordinatio impleatur, quae quidem est ut talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1765 natura tales conditiones vel proprietates habeat, et quod talia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1766 operans talia consequatur. Dona igitur naturalia carent primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1767 debito, non autem carent secundo debito. Sed dona supernaturalia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1768 utroque debito carent, et ideo specialius sibi nomen gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1769 vindicant.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1770 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="38487"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1771 "ref">[38487] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1772 dicendum quod gratia gratum faciens addit aliquid supra rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1773 gratiae gratis datae quod etiam ad rationem gratiae pertinet, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1774 scilicet hominem gratum facit Deo. Et ideo gratia gratis data, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1775 hoc non facit, retinet sibi nomen commune, sicut in pluribus aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1776 contingit. Et sic opponuntur duae partes divisionis sicut gratum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1777 faciens et non faciens gratum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1778 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1779 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1780 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="38488"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1781 "ref">[38488] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1782 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia inconvenienter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1783 dividatur per operantem et cooperantem. Gratia enim accidens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1784 quoddam est, ut supra dictum est. Sed accidens non potest agere in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1785 subiectum. Ergo nulla gratia debet dici operans.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1786 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="38489"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1787 "ref">[38489] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1788 si gratia aliquid operetur in nobis, maxime operatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1789 iustificationem. Sed hoc non sola gratia operatur in nobis, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1790 enim Augustinus, super illud Ioan. XIV, <i>opera quae ego facio, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1791 ipse faciet, qui creavit te sine te, non iustificabit te sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1792 te</i>. Ergo nulla gratia debet dici simpliciter operans.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1793 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="38490"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1794 "ref">[38490] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1795 cooperari alicui videtur pertinere ad inferius agens, non autem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1796 principalius. Sed gratia principalius operatur in nobis quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1797 liberum arbitrium; secundum illud Rom. IX, <i>non est volentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1798 neque currentis, sed miserentis Dei</i>. Ergo gratia non debet dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1799 cooperans.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1800 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 arg. 4"><a name="38491"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1801 "ref">[38491] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1802 divisio debet dari per opposita. Sed operari et cooperari non sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1803 opposita, idem enim potest operari et cooperari. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1804 inconvenienter dividitur gratia per operantem et cooperantem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1805 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 s. c."><a name="38492"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1806 "ref">[38492] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1807 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Grat. et Lib. Arb.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1808 <i>cooperando Deus in nobis perficit quod operando incipit, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1809 ipse ut velimus operatur incipiens, qui volentibus cooperatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1810 perficiens</i>. Sed operationes Dei quibus movet nos ad bonum, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1811 gratiam pertinent. Ergo convenienter gratia dividitur per operantem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1812 et cooperantem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1813 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 co."><a name="38493"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1814 "ref">[38493] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1815 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, gratia dupliciter potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1816 intelligi, uno modo, divinum auxilium quo nos movet ad bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1817 volendum et agendum; alio modo, habituale donum nobis divinitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1818 inditum. Utroque autem modo gratia dicta convenienter dividitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1819 operantem et cooperantem. Operatio enim alicuius effectus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1820 attribuitur mobili, sed moventi. In illo ergo effectu in quo mens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1821 nostra est mota et non movens, solus autem Deus movens, operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1822 Deo attribuitur, et secundum hoc dicitur gratia operans. In illo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1823 autem effectu in quo mens nostra et movet et movetur, operatio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1824 solum attribuitur Deo, sed etiam animae, et secundum hoc dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1825 gratia cooperans. Est autem in nobis duplex actus. Primus quidem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1826 interior voluntatis. Et quantum ad istum actum, voluntas se habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1827 ut mota, Deus autem ut movens, et praesertim cum voluntas incipit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1828 bonum velle quae prius malum volebat. Et ideo secundum quod Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1829 movet humanam mentem ad hunc actum, dicitur gratia operans. Alius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1830 autem actus est exterior; qui cum a voluntate imperetur, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1831 habitum est, consequens est ut ad hunc actum operatio attribuatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1832 voluntati. Et quia etiam ad hunc actum Deus nos adiuvat, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1833 interius confirmando voluntatem ut ad actum perveniat, et exterius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1834 facultatem operandi praebendo; respectu huius actus dicitur gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1835 cooperans. Unde post praemissa verba subdit Augustinus, <i>ut autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1836 velimus operatur, cum autem volumus, ut perficiamus nobis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1837 cooperatur</i>. Sic igitur si gratia accipiatur pro gratuita Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1838 motione qua movet nos ad bonum meritorium, convenienter dividitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1839 gratia per operantem et cooperantem. Si vero accipiatur gratia pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1840 habituali dono, sic etiam duplex est gratiae effectus, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1841 cuiuslibet alterius formae, quorum primus est esse, secundus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1842 operatio; sicut caloris operatio est facere calidum, et exterior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1843 calefactio. Sic igitur habitualis gratia, inquantum animam sanat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1844 vel iustificat, sive gratam Deo facit, dicitur gratia operans,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1845 inquantum vero est principium operis meritorii, quod etiam ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1846 libero arbitrio procedit, dicitur cooperans.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1847 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="38494"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1848 "ref">[38494] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1849 ergo dicendum quod, secundum quod gratia est quaedam qualitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1850 accidentalis, non agit in animam effective; sed formaliter, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1851 albedo dicitur facere albam superficiem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1852 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="38495"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1853 "ref">[38495] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1854 dicendum quod Deus non sine nobis nos iustificat, quia per motum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1855 liberi arbitrii, dum iustificamur, Dei iustitiae consentimus. Ille
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1856 tamen motus non est causa gratiae, sed effectus. Unde tota operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1857 pertinet ad gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1858 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="38496"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1859 "ref">[38496] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1860 dicendum quod cooperari dicitur aliquis alicui non solum sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1861 secundarium agens principali agenti, sed sicut adiuvans ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1862 praesuppositum finem. Homo autem per gratiam operantem adiuvatur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1863 Deo ut bonum velit. Et ideo, praesupposito iam fine, consequens est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1864 ut gratia nobis cooperetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1865 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 2 ad 4"><a name="38497"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1866 "ref">[38497] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 2 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1867 dicendum quod gratia operans et cooperans est eadem gratia, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1868 distinguitur secundum diversos effectus, ut ex dictis patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1869 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1870 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1871 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="38498"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1872 "ref">[38498] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1873 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia inconvenienter dividatur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1874 praevenientem et subsequentem. Gratia enim est divinae dilectionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1875 effectus. Sed Dei dilectio nunquam est subsequens, sed semper
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1876 praeveniens; secundum illud I Ioan. IV, <i>non quasi nos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1877 dilexerimus Deum, sed quia ipse prior dilexit nos</i>. Ergo gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1878 non debet poni praeveniens et subsequens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1879 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="38499"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1880 "ref">[38499] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1881 gratia gratum faciens est una tantum in homine, cum sit sufficiens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1882 secundum illud II ad Cor. XII, <i>sufficit tibi gratia mea</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1883 idem non potest esse prius et posterius. Ergo gratia inconvenienter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1884 dividitur in praevenientem et subsequentem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1885 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="38500"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1886 "ref">[38500] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1887 gratia cognoscitur per effectus. Sed infiniti sunt effectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1888 gratiae, quorum unus praecedit alium. Ergo si penes hoc gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1889 deberet dividi in praevenientem et subsequentem, videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1890 infinitae essent species gratiae. Infinita autem relinquuntur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1891 qualibet arte. Non ergo gratia convenienter dividitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1892 praevenientem et subsequentem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1893 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 s. c."><a name="38501"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1894 "ref">[38501] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1895 est quod gratia Dei ex eius misericordia provenit. Sed utrumque in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1896 Psalmo legitur, <i>misericordia eius praeveniet me</i>; et iterum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1897 <i>misericordia eius subsequetur me</i>. Ergo gratia convenienter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1898 dividitur in praevenientem et subsequentem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1899 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 co."><a name="38502"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1900 "ref">[38502] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1901 dicendum quod, sicut gratia dividitur in operantem et cooperantem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1902 secundum diversos effectus, ita etiam in praevenientem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1903 subsequentem, qualitercumque gratia accipiatur. Sunt autem quinque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1904 effectus gratiae in nobis, quorum primus est ut anima sanetur;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1905 secundus est ut bonum velit; tertius est ut bonum quod vult,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1906 efficaciter operetur; quartus est ut in bono perseveret; quintus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1907 est ut ad gloriam perveniat. Et ideo gratia secundum quod causat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1908 nobis primum effectum, vocatur praeveniens respectu secundi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1909 effectus; et prout causat in nobis secundum, vocatur subsequens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1910 respectu primi effectus. Et sicut unus effectus est posterior uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1911 effectu et prior alio, ita gratia potest dici et praeveniens et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1912 subsequens secundum eundem effectum, respectu diversorum. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1913 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Nat. et Grat., <i>praevenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1914 ut sanemur, subsequitur ut sanati vegetemur, praevenit ut vocemur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1915 subsequitur ut glorificemur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1916 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="38503"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1917 "ref">[38503] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1918 ergo dicendum quod dilectio Dei nominat aliquid aeternum, et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1919 nunquam potest dici nisi praeveniens. Sed gratia significat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1920 effectum temporalem, qui potest praecedere aliquid et ad aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1921 subsequi. Et ideo gratia potest dici praeveniens et subsequens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1922 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="38504"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1923 "ref">[38504] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1924 dicendum quod gratia non diversificatur per hoc quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1925 praeveniens et subsequens, secundum essentiam, sed solum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1926 effectum, sicut et de operante et cooperante dictum est. Quia etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1927 secundum quod gratia subsequens ad gloriam pertinet, non est alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1928 numero a gratia praeveniente per quam nunc iustificamur. Sicut enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1929 caritas viae non evacuatur, sed perficitur in patria, ita etiam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1930 de lumine gratiae est dicendum, quia neutrum in sui ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1931 imperfectionem importat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1932 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="38505"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1933 "ref">[38505] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1934 dicendum quod, quamvis effectus gratiae possint esse infiniti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1935 numero, sicut sunt infiniti actus humani; tamen omnes reducuntur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1936 aliqua determinata in specie. Et praeterea omnes conveniunt in hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1937 quod unus alium praecedit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1938 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1939 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1940 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="38506"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1941 "ref">[38506] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1942 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia gratis data inconvenienter ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1943 apostolo distinguatur. Omne enim donum quod nobis a Deo gratis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1944 datur, potest dici gratia gratis data. Sed infinita sunt dona quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1945 nobis gratis a Deo conceduntur, tam in bonis animae quam in bonis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1946 corporis, quae tamen nos Deo gratos non faciunt. Ergo gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1947 gratis datae non possunt comprehendi sub aliqua certa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1948 divisione.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1949 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="38507"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1950 "ref">[38507] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1951 gratia gratis data distinguitur contra gratiam gratum facientem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1952 Sed fides pertinet ad gratiam gratum facientem, quia per ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1953 iustificamur, secundum illud Rom. V, <i>iustificati ergo ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1954 fide,</i> et cetera. Ergo inconvenienter fides ponitur inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1955 gratias gratis datas, praesertim cum aliae virtutes ibi non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1956 ponantur, ut spes et caritas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1957 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="38508"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1958 "ref">[38508] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1959 operatio sanitatum, et loqui diversa genera linguarum, miracula
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1960 quaedam sunt. Interpretatio etiam sermonum ad sapientiam vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1961 scientiam pertinet; secundum illud Dan. I, <i>pueris his dedit Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1962 scientiam et disciplinam in omni libro et sapientia</i>. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1963 inconvenienter dividitur gratia sanitatum, et genera linguarum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1964 contra operationem virtutum; et interpretatio sermonum contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1965 sermonem sapientiae et scientiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1966 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 arg. 4"><a name="38509"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1967 "ref">[38509] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1968 sicut sapientia et scientia sunt quaedam dona spiritus sancti, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1969 etiam intellectus et consilium, pietas, fortitudo et timor, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1970 supra dictum est. Ergo haec etiam deberent poni inter gratias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1971 gratis datas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1972 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 s. c."><a name="38510"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1973 "ref">[38510] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1974 est quod apostolus dicit, I ad Cor. XII, <i>alii per spiritum datur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1975 sermo sapientiae, alii autem sermo scientiae secundum eundem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1976 spiritum, alteri fides in eodem spiritu, alii gratia sanitatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1977 alii operatio virtutum, alii prophetia, alii discretio spirituum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1978 alii genera linguarum, alii interpretatio sermonum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1979 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 co."><a name="38511"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1980 "ref">[38511] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1981 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, gratia gratis data ordinatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1982 ad hoc quod homo alteri cooperetur ut reducatur ad Deum. Homo autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1983 ad hoc operari non potest interius movendo, hoc enim solius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1984 est; sed solum exterius docendo vel persuadendo. Et ideo gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1985 gratis data illa sub se continet quibus homo indiget ad hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1986 alterum instruat in rebus divinis, quae sunt supra rationem. Ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1987 autem tria requiruntur. Primo quidem, quod homo sit sortitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1988 plenitudinem cognitionis divinorum, ut ex hoc possit alios
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1989 instruere. Secundo, ut possit confirmare vel probare ea quae dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1990 alias non esset efficax eius doctrina. Tertio, ut ea quae concipit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1991 possit convenienter auditoribus proferre. Quantum igitur ad primum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1992 tria sunt necessaria, sicut etiam apparet in magisterio humano.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1993 Oportet enim quod ille qui debet alium instruere in aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1994 scientia, primo quidem, ut principia illius scientiae sint ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1995 certissima. Et quantum ad hoc ponitur fides, quae est certitudo de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1996 rebus invisibilibus, quae supponuntur ut principia in Catholica
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1997 doctrina. Secundo, oportet quod doctor recte se habeat circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1998 principales conclusiones scientiae. Et sic ponitur sermo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	1999 sapientiae, quae est cognitio divinorum. Tertio, oportet ut etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2000 abundet exemplis et cognitione effectuum, per quos interdum oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2001 manifestare causas. Et quantum ad hoc ponitur sermo scientiae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2002 est cognitio rerum humanarum, quia invisibilia Dei per ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2003 facta sunt, conspiciuntur. Confirmatio autem in his quae subduntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2004 rationi, est per argumenta. In his autem quae sunt supra rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2005 divinitus revelata, confirmatio est per ea quae sunt divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2006 virtuti propria. Et hoc dupliciter. Uno quidem modo, ut doctor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2007 sacrae doctrinae faciat quae solus Deus facere potest, in operibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2008 miraculosis, sive sint ad salutem corporum, et quantum ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2009 ponitur gratia sanitatum; sive ordinentur ad solam divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2010 potestatis manifestationem, sicut quod sol stet aut tenebrescat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2011 quod mare dividatur; et quantum ad hoc ponitur operatio virtutum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2012 Secundo, ut possit manifestare ea quae solius Dei est scire. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2013 haec sunt contingentia futura, et quantum ad hoc ponitur prophetia;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2014 et etiam occulta cordium, et quantum ad hoc ponitur discretio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2015 spirituum. Facultas autem pronuntiandi potest attendi vel quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2016 ad idioma in quo aliquis intelligi possit, et secundum hoc ponuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2017 genera linguarum, vel quantum ad sensum eorum quae sunt proferenda,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2018 et quantum ad hoc ponitur interpretatio sermonum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2019 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="38512"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2020 "ref">[38512] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2021 ergo dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, non omnia beneficia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2022 quae nobis divinitus conceduntur, gratiae gratis datae dicuntur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2023 sed solum illa quae excedunt facultatem naturae, sicut quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2024 piscator abundet sermone sapientiae et scientiae et aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2025 huiusmodi. Et talia ponuntur hic sub gratia gratis data.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2026 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="38513"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2027 "ref">[38513] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2028 dicendum quod fides non numeratur hic inter gratias gratis datas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2029 secundum quod est quaedam virtus iustificans hominem in seipso, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2030 secundum quod importat quandam supereminentem certitudinem fidei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2031 ex qua homo sit idoneus ad instruendum alios de his quae ad fidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2032 pertinent. Spes autem et caritas pertinent ad vim appetitivam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2033 secundum quod per eam homo in Deum ordinatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2034 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="38514"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2035 "ref">[38514] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2036 dicendum quod gratia sanitatum distinguitur a generali operatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2037 virtutum, quia habet specialem rationem inducendi ad fidem; ad quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2038 aliquis magis promptus redditur per beneficium corporalis sanitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2039 quam per fidei virtutem assequitur. Similiter etiam loqui variis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2040 linguis, et interpretari sermones, habent speciales quasdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2041 rationes movendi ad fidem, et ideo ponuntur speciales gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2042 gratis datae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2043 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 4 ad 4"><a name="38515"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2044 "ref">[38515] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 4 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2045 dicendum quod sapientia et scientia non computantur inter gratias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2046 gratis datas secundum quod enumerantur inter dona spiritus sancti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2047 prout scilicet mens hominis est bene mobilis per spiritum sanctum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2048 ad ea quae sunt sapientiae vel scientiae, sic enim sunt dona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2049 spiritus sancti, ut supra dictum est. Sed computantur inter gratias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2050 gratis datas secundum quod important quandam abundantiam scientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2051 et sapientiae, ut homo possit non solum in seipso recte sapere de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2052 divinis, sed etiam alios instruere et contradicentes revincere. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2053 ideo inter gratias gratis datas signanter ponitur sermo sapientiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2054 et sermo scientiae, quia ut Augustinus dicit, XIV de Trin.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2055 <i>aliud est scire tantummodo quid homo credere debeat propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2056 adipiscendam vitam beatam; aliud, scire quemadmodum hoc ipsum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2057 piis opituletur, et contra impios defendatur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2058 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2059 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2060 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="38516"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2061 "ref">[38516] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2062 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia gratis data sit dignior quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2063 gratia gratum faciens. <i>Bonum enim gentis est melius quam bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2064 unius</i>; ut philosophus dicit, in I Ethic. Sed gratia gratum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2065 faciens ordinatur solum ad bonum unius hominis, gratia autem gratis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2066 data ordinatur ad bonum commune totius Ecclesiae, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2067 est. Ergo gratia gratis data est dignior quam gratia gratum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2068 faciens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2069 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="38517"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2070 "ref">[38517] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2071 maioris virtutis est quod aliquid possit agere in aliud, quam quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2072 solum in seipso perficiatur, sicut maior est claritas corporis quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2073 potest etiam alia corpora illuminare, quam eius quod ita in se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2074 lucet quod alia illuminare non potest. Propter quod etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2075 philosophus dicit, in V Ethic., quod iustitia est praeclarissima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2076 virtutum, per quam homo recte se habet etiam ad alios. Sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2077 gratiam gratum facientem homo perficitur in seipso, per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2078 autem gratis datam homo operatur ad perfectionem aliorum. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2079 gratia gratis data est dignior quam gratia gratum faciens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2080 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="38518"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2081 "ref">[38518] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2082 id quod est proprium meliorum, dignius est quam id quod est commune
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2083 omnium, sicut ratiocinari, quod est proprium hominis, dignius est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2084 quam sentire, quod est commune omnibus animalibus. Sed gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2085 gratum faciens est communis omnibus membris Ecclesiae, gratia autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2086 gratis data est proprium donum digniorum membrorum Ecclesiae. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2087 gratia gratis data est dignior quam gratia gratum faciens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2088 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 s. c."><a name="38519"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2089 "ref">[38519] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2090 est quod apostolus, I ad Cor. XII, enumeratis gratiis gratis datis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2091 subdit, <i>adhuc excellentiorem viam vobis demonstro</i>, et sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2092 per subsequentia patet, loquitur de caritate, quae pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2093 gratiam gratum facientem. Ergo gratia gratum faciens excellentior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2094 est quam gratia gratis data.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2095 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 co."><a name="38520"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2096 "ref">[38520] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2097 dicendum quod unaquaeque virtus tanto excellentior est, quanto ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2098 altius bonum ordinatur. Semper autem finis potior est his quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2099 ad finem. Gratia autem gratum faciens ordinat hominem immediate ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2100 coniunctionem ultimi finis. Gratiae autem gratis datae ordinant
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2101 hominem ad quaedam praeparatoria finis ultimi, sicut per prophetiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2102 et miracula et alia huiusmodi homines inducuntur ad hoc quod ultimo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2103 fini coniungantur. Et ideo gratia gratum faciens est multo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2104 excellentior quam gratia gratis data.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2105 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="38521"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2106 "ref">[38521] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2107 ergo dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in XII Metaphys.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2108 bonum multitudinis, sicut exercitus, est duplex. Unum quidem quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2109 est in ipsa multitudine, puta ordo exercitus. Aliud autem quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2110 separatum a multitudine, sicut bonum ducis, et hoc melius est, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2111 ad hoc etiam illud aliud ordinatur. Gratia autem gratis data
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2112 ordinatur ad bonum commune Ecclesiae quod est ordo ecclesiasticus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2113 sed gratia gratum faciens ordinatur ad bonum commune separatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2114 quod est ipse Deus. Et ideo gratia gratum faciens est nobilior.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2115 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="38522"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2116 "ref">[38522] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2117 dicendum quod, si gratia gratis data posset hoc agere in altero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2118 quod homo per gratiam gratum facientem consequitur, sequeretur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2119 gratia gratis data esset nobilior, sicut excellentior est claritas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2120 solis illuminantis quam corporis illuminati. Sed per gratiam gratis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2121 datam homo non potest causare in alio coniunctionem ad Deum, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2122 ipse habet per gratiam gratum facientem; sed causat quasdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2123 dispositiones ad hoc. Et ideo non oportet quod gratia gratis data
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2124 sit excellentior, sicut nec in igne calor manifestativus speciei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2125 eius, per quam agit ad inducendum calorem in alia, est nobilior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2126 quam forma substantialis ipsius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2127 <p title="I-II q. 111 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="38523"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2128 "ref">[38523] Iª-IIae q. 111 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2129 dicendum quod sentire ordinatur ad ratiocinari sicut ad finem, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2130 ideo ratiocinari est nobilius. Hic autem est e converso, quia id
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2131 quod est proprium, ordinatur ad id quod est commune sicut ad finem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2132 Unde non est simile.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2133 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2134 <div class="D">Quaestio 112</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2135 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2136 <p title="I-II q. 112 pr."><a name="38524"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2137 "ref">[38524] Iª-IIae q. 112 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2138 considerandum est de causa gratiae. Et circa hoc quaeruntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2139 quinque. Primo, utrum solus Deus sit causa efficiens gratiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2140 Secundo, utrum requiratur aliqua dispositio ad gratiam ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2141 recipientis ipsam, per actum liberi arbitrii. Tertio, utrum talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2142 dispositio possit esse necessitas ad gratiam. Quarto, utrum gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2143 sit aequalis in omnibus. Quinto, utrum aliquis possit scire se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2144 habere gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2145 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2146 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2147 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="38525"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2148 "ref">[38525] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2149 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non solus Deus sit causa gratiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2150 Dicitur enim Ioan. I, <i>gratia et veritas per Iesum Christum facta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2151 est</i>. Sed in nomine Iesu Christi intelligitur non solum natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2152 divina assumens, sed etiam natura creata assumpta. Ergo aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2153 creatura potest esse causa gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2154 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="38526"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2155 "ref">[38526] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2156 ista differentia ponitur inter sacramenta novae legis et veteris,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2157 quod sacramenta novae legis causant gratiam, quam sacramenta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2158 veteris legis solum significant. Sed sacramenta novae legis sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2159 quaedam visibilia elementa. Ergo non solus Deus est causa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2160 gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2161 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="38527"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2162 "ref">[38527] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2163 secundum Dionysium, in libro Cael. Hier., Angeli purgant et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2164 illuminant et perficiunt et Angelos inferiores et etiam homines.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2165 Sed rationalis creatura purgatur, illuminatur et perficitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2166 gratiam. Ergo non solus Deus est causa gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2167 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 s. c."><a name="38528"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2168 "ref">[38528] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2169 est quod in Psalmo LXXXIII dicitur, <i>gratiam et gloriam dabit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2170 dominus</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2171 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 co."><a name="38529"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2172 "ref">[38529] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2173 dicendum quod nulla res agere potest ultra suam speciem, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2174 semper oportet quod causa potior sit effectu. Donum autem gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2175 excedit omnem facultatem naturae creatae, cum nihil aliud sit quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2176 quaedam participatio divinae naturae, quae excedit omnem aliam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2177 naturam. Et ideo impossibile est quod aliqua creatura gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2178 causet. Sic enim necesse est quod solus Deus deificet, communicando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2179 consortium divinae naturae per quandam similitudinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2180 participationem, sicut impossibile est quod aliquid igniat nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2181 solus ignis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2182 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="38530"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2183 "ref">[38530] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2184 ergo dicendum quod humanitas Christi est sicut quoddam organum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2185 divinitatis eius; ut Damascenus dicit, in III libro. Instrumentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2186 autem non agit actionem agentis principalis propria virtute, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2187 virtute principalis agentis. Et ideo humanitas Christi non causat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2188 gratiam propria virtute, sed virtute divinitatis adiunctae, ex qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2189 actiones humanitatis Christi sunt salutares.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2190 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="38531"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2191 "ref">[38531] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2192 dicendum quod, sicut in ipsa persona Christi humanitas causat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2193 salutem nostram per gratiam, virtute divina principaliter operante;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2194 ita etiam in sacramentis novae legis, quae derivantur a Christo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2195 causatur gratia instrumentaliter quidem per ipsa sacramenta, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2196 principaliter per virtutem spiritus sancti in sacramentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2197 operantis; secundum illud Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2198 aqua et spiritu sancto,</i> et cetera.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2199 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="38532"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2200 "ref">[38532] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2201 dicendum quod Angelus purgat, illuminat et perficit Angelum vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2202 hominem, per modum instructionis cuiusdam, non autem iustificando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2203 per gratiam. Unde Dionysius dicit, VII cap. de Div. Nom., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2204 <i>huiusmodi purgatio, illuminatio et perfectio nihil est aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2205 quam divinae scientiae assumptio</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2206 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2207 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2208 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="38533"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2209 "ref">[38533] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2210 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod non requiratur aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2211 praeparatio sive dispositio ad gratiam ex parte hominis. Quia ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2212 apostolus dicit, Rom. IV, <i>ei qui operatur, merces non imputatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2213 secundum gratiam, sed secundum debitum</i>. Sed praeparatio hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2214 per liberum arbitrium non est nisi per aliquam operationem. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2215 tolleretur ratio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2216 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="38534"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2217 "ref">[38534] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2218 ille qui in peccato progreditur, non se praeparat ad gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2219 habendam. Sed aliquibus in peccato progredientibus data est gratia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2220 sicut patet de Paulo, qui gratiam consecutus est <i>dum esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2221 spirans minarum et caedis in discipulos domini</i>, ut dicitur Act.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2222 IX. Ergo nulla praeparatio ad gratiam requiritur ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2223 hominis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2224 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="38535"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2225 "ref">[38535] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2226 agens infinitae virtutis non requirit dispositionem in materia, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2227 nec ipsam materiam requirat, sicut in creatione apparet; cui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2228 collatio gratiae comparatur, quae dicitur nova creatura, ad Gal.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2229 ult. Sed solus Deus, qui est infinitae virtutis, gratiam causat, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2230 dictum est. Ergo nulla praeparatio requiritur ex parte hominis ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2231 gratiam consequendam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2232 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 s. c."><a name="38536"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2233 "ref">[38536] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2234 est quod dicitur Amos IV, <i>praeparare in occursum Dei tui,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2235 Israel</i>. Et I Reg. VII dicitur, <i>praeparate corda vestra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2236 domino</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2237 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 co."><a name="38537"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2238 "ref">[38537] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2239 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, gratia dupliciter dicitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2240 quandoque quidem ipsum habituale donum Dei; quandoque autem ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2241 auxilium Dei moventis animam ad bonum. Primo igitur modo accipiendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2242 gratiam, praeexigitur ad gratiam aliqua gratiae praeparatio, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2243 nulla forma potest esse nisi in materia disposita. Sed si loquamur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2244 de gratia secundum quod significat auxilium Dei moventis ad bonum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2245 sic nulla praeparatio requiritur ex parte hominis quasi praeveniens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2246 divinum auxilium, sed potius quaecumque praeparatio in homine esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2247 potest, est ex auxilio Dei moventis animam ad bonum. Et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2248 hoc, ipse bonus motus liberi arbitrii quo quis praeparatur ad donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2249 gratiae suscipiendum, est actus liberi arbitrii moti a Deo, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2250 quantum ad hoc, dicitur homo se praeparare, secundum illud Prov.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2251 XVI, <i>hominis est praeparare animum</i>. Et est principaliter a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2252 Deo movente liberum arbitrium, et secundum hoc, dicitur a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2253 voluntas hominis praeparari, et a domino gressus hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2254 dirigi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2255 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="38538"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2256 "ref">[38538] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2257 ergo dicendum quod praeparatio hominis ad gratiam habendam, quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2258 est simul cum ipsa infusione gratiae. Et talis operatio est quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2259 meritoria; sed non gratiae, quae iam habetur, sed gloriae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2260 nondum habetur. Est autem alia praeparatio gratiae imperfecta, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2261 aliquando praecedit donum gratiae gratum facientis, quae tamen est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2262 a Deo movente. Sed ista non sufficit ad meritum, nondum homine per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2263 gratiam iustificato, quia nullum meritum potest esse nisi ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2264 gratia, ut infra dicetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2265 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="38539"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2266 "ref">[38539] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2267 dicendum quod, cum homo ad gratiam se praeparare non possit nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2268 Deo eum praeveniente et movente ad bonum, non refert utrum subito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2269 vel paulatim aliquis ad perfectam praeparationem perveniat, dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2270 enim Eccli. XI, quod <i>facile est in oculis Dei subito honestare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2271 pauperem</i>. Contingit autem quandoque quod Deus movet hominem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2272 aliquod bonum, non tamen perfectum, et talis praeparatio praecedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2273 gratiam. Sed quandoque statim perfecte movet ipsum ad bonum, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2274 subito homo gratiam accipit; secundum illud Ioan. VI, <i>omnis qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2275 audivit a patre et didicit, venit ad me</i>. Et ita contigit Paulo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2276 quia subito, cum esset in progressu peccati, perfecte motum est cor
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2277 eius a Deo, audiendo et addiscendo et veniendo; et ideo subito est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2278 gratiam consecutus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2279 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="38540"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2280 "ref">[38540] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2281 dicendum quod agens infinitae virtutis non exigit materiam, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2282 dispositionem materiae, quasi praesuppositam ex alterius causae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2283 actione. Sed tamen oportet quod, secundum conditionem rei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2284 causandae, in ipsa re causet et materiam et dispositionem debitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2285 ad formam. Et similiter ad hoc quod Deus gratiam infundat animae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2286 nulla praeparatio exigitur quam ipse non faciat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2287 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2288 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2289 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="38541"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2290 "ref">[38541] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2291 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ex necessitate detur gratia se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2292 praeparanti ad gratiam, vel facienti quod in se est. Quia super
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2293 illud Rom. V, <i>iustificati ex fide pacem habeamus</i> etc., dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2294 Glossa, <i>Deus recipit eum qui ad se confugit, aliter esset in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2295 iniquitas</i>. Sed impossibile est in Deo iniquitatem esse. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2296 impossibile est quod Deus non recipiat eum qui ad se confugit. Ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2297 necessitate igitur gratiam assequitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2298 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="38542"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2299 "ref">[38542] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2300 Anselmus dicit, in libro de casu Diaboli, quod ista est causa quare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2301 Deus non concedit Diabolo gratiam, quia ipse non voluit accipere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2302 nec paratus fuit. Sed remota causa, necesse est removeri effectum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2303 Ergo si aliquis velit accipere gratiam, necesse est quod ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2304 detur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2305 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="38543"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2306 "ref">[38543] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2307 bonum est communicativum sui; ut patet per Dionysium, in IV cap. de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2308 Div. Nom. Sed bonum gratiae est melius quam bonum naturae. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2309 igitur forma naturalis ex necessitate adveniat materiae dispositae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2310 videtur quod multo magis gratia ex necessitate detur praeparanti se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2311 ad gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2312 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 s. c."><a name="38544"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2313 "ref">[38544] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2314 est quod homo comparatur ad Deum sicut lutum ad figulum; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2315 illud Ierem. XVIII, <i>sicut lutum in manu figuli, sic vos in manu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2316 mea</i>. Sed lutum non ex necessitate accipit formam a figulo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2317 quantumcumque sit praeparatum. Ergo neque homo recipit ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2318 necessitate gratiam a Deo, quantumcumque se praeparet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2319 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 co."><a name="38545"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2320 "ref">[38545] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2321 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, praeparatio ad hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2322 gratiam est a Deo sicut a movente, a libero autem arbitrio sicut a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2323 moto. Potest igitur praeparatio dupliciter considerari. Uno quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2324 modo, secundum quod est a libero arbitrio. Et secundum hoc, nullam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2325 necessitatem habet ad gratiae consecutionem, quia donum gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2326 excedit omnem praeparationem virtutis humanae. Alio modo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2327 considerari secundum quod est a Deo movente. Et tunc habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2328 necessitatem ad id ad quod ordinatur a Deo, non quidem coactionis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2329 sed infallibilitatis, quia intentio Dei deficere non potest;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2330 secundum quod et Augustinus dicit, in libro de Praedest. Sanct.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2331 <i>quod per beneficia Dei certissime liberantur quicumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2332 liberantur</i>. Unde si ex intentione Dei moventis est quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2333 cuius cor movet, gratiam consequatur, infallibiliter ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2334 consequitur; secundum illud Ioan. VI, <i>omnis qui audivit a patre
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2335 et didicit, venit ad me</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2336 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="38546"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2337 "ref">[38546] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2338 ergo dicendum quod Glossa illa loquitur de illo qui confugit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2339 Deum per actum meritorium liberi arbitrii iam per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2340 informati, quem si non reciperet, esset contra iustitiam quam ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2341 statuit. Vel si referatur ad motum liberi arbitrii ante gratiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2342 loquitur secundum quod ipsum confugium hominis ad Deum est per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2343 motionem divinam, quam iustum est non deficere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2344 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="38547"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2345 "ref">[38547] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2346 dicendum quod defectus gratiae prima causa est ex nobis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2347 collationis gratiae prima causa est a Deo; secundum illud Osee
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2348 XIII, <i>perditio tua, Israel, tantummodo ex me auxilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2349 tuum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2350 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="38548"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2351 "ref">[38548] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2352 dicendum quod etiam in rebus naturalibus dispositio materiae non ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2353 necessitate consequitur formam, nisi per virtutem agentis qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2354 dispositionem causat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2355 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2356 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2357 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="38549"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2358 "ref">[38549] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2359 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia non sit maior in uno quam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2360 alio. Gratia enim causatur in nobis ex dilectione divina, ut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2361 est. Sed Sap. VI dicitur, <i>pusillum et magnum ipse fecit, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2362 aequaliter est illi cura de omnibus</i>. Ergo omnes aequaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2363 gratiam ab eo consequuntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2364 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="38550"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2365 "ref">[38550] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2366 ea quae in summo dicuntur, non recipiunt magis et minus. Sed gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2367 in summo dicitur, quia coniungit ultimo fini. Ergo non recipit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2368 magis et minus. Non ergo est maior in uno quam in alio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2369 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="38551"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2370 "ref">[38551] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2371 gratia est vita animae, ut supra dictum est. Sed vivere non dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2372 secundum magis et minus. Ergo etiam neque gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2373 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 s. c."><a name="38552"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2374 "ref">[38552] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2375 est quod dicitur ad Ephes. IV, <i>unicuique data est gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2376 secundum mensuram donationis Christi</i>. Quod autem mensurate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2377 datur, non omnibus aequaliter datur. Ergo non omnes aequalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2378 gratiam habent.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2379 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 co."><a name="38553"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2380 "ref">[38553] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2381 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, habitus duplicem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2382 magnitudinem habere potest, unam ex parte finis vel obiecti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2383 secundum quod dicitur una virtus alia nobilior inquantum ad maius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2384 bonum ordinatur; aliam vero ex parte subiecti, quod magis vel minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2385 participat habitum inhaerentem. Secundum igitur primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2386 magnitudinem, gratia gratum faciens non potest esse maior et minor,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2387 quia gratia secundum sui rationem coniungit hominem summo bono,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2388 quod est Deus. Sed ex parte subiecti, gratia potest suscipere magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2389 vel minus, prout scilicet unus perfectius illustratur a lumine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2390 gratiae quam alius. Cuius diversitatis ratio quidem est aliqua ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2391 parte praeparantis se ad gratiam, qui enim se magis ad gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2392 praeparat, pleniorem gratiam accipit. Sed ex hac parte non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2393 accipi prima ratio huius diversitatis, quia praeparatio ad gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2394 non est hominis nisi inquantum liberum arbitrium eius praeparatur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2395 Deo. Unde prima causa huius diversitatis accipienda est ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2396 ipsius Dei, qui diversimode suae gratiae dona dispensat, ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2397 quod ex diversis gradibus pulchritudo et perfectio Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2398 consurgat, sicut etiam diversos gradus rerum instituit ut esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2399 universum perfectum. Unde apostolus, ad Ephes. IV, postquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2400 dixerat, <i>unicuique data est gratia secundum mensuram donationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2401 Christi</i>, enumeratis diversis gratiis, subiungit, <i>ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2402 consummationem sanctorum, in aedificationem corporis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2403 Christi</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2404 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="38554"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2405 "ref">[38554] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2406 ergo dicendum quod cura divina dupliciter considerari potest. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2407 modo, quantum ad ipsum divinum actum, qui est simplex et uniformis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2408 Et secundum hoc, aequaliter se habet eius cura ad omnes, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2409 scilicet uno actu et simplici et maiora et minora dispensat. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2410 modo potest considerari ex parte eorum quae in creaturis ex divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2411 cura proveniunt. Et secundum hoc invenitur inaequalitas, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2412 scilicet Deus sua cura quibusdam maiora, quibusdam minora providet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2413 dona.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2414 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="38555"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2415 "ref">[38555] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2416 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit secundum primum modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2417 magnitudinis gratiae. Non enim potest gratia secundum hoc maior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2418 esse, quod ad maius bonum ordinet, sed ex eo quod magis vel minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2419 ordinat ad idem bonum magis vel minus participandum. Potest enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2420 esse diversitas intensionis et remissionis secundum participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2421 subiecti, et in ipsa gratia et in finali gloria.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2422 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="38556"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2423 "ref">[38556] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2424 dicendum quod vita naturalis pertinet ad substantiam hominis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2425 ideo non recipit magis et minus. Sed vitam gratiae participat homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2426 accidentaliter, et ideo eam potest homo magis vel minus habere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2427 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2428 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2429 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="38557"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2430 "ref">[38557] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2431 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit scire se habere gratiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2432 Gratia enim est in anima per sui essentiam. Sed certissima cognitio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2433 animae est eorum quae sunt in anima per sui essentiam; ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2434 Augustinum, XII super Gen. ad Litt. Ergo gratia certissime potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2435 cognosci a Deo qui gratiam habet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2436 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="38558"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2437 "ref">[38558] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2438 sicut scientia est donum Dei, ita et gratia. Sed qui a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2439 scientiam accipit, scit se scientiam habere; secundum illud Sap.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2440 VII, <i>dominus dedit mihi horum quae sunt veram scientiam</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2441 Ergo pari ratione qui accipit gratiam a Deo, scit se gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2442 habere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2443 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="38559"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2444 "ref">[38559] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2445 lumen est magis cognoscibile quam tenebra, quia secundum apostolum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2446 ad Ephes. V, <i>omne quod manifestatur, lumen est</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2447 peccatum, quod est spiritualis tenebra, per certitudinem potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2448 sciri ab eo qui habet peccatum. Ergo multo magis gratia, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2449 spirituale lumen.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2450 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 arg. 4"><a name="38560"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2451 "ref">[38560] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2452 apostolus dicit, I ad Cor. II, <i>nos autem non spiritum huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2453 mundi accepimus, sed spiritum qui a Deo est, ut sciamus quae a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2454 donata sunt nobis</i>. Sed gratia est praecipuum donum Dei. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2455 homo qui accepit gratiam per spiritum sanctum, per eundem spiritum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2456 scit gratiam esse sibi datam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2457 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 arg. 5"><a name="38561"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2458 "ref">[38561] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2459 Gen. XXII, ex persona domini dicitur ad Abraham, <i>nunc cognovi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2460 quod timeas dominum, idest, cognoscere te feci</i>. Loquitur autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2461 ibi de timore casto, qui non est sine gratia. Ergo homo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2462 cognoscere se habere gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2463 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 s. c."><a name="38562"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2464 "ref">[38562] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2465 est quod dicitur Eccle. IX, <i>nemo scit utrum sit dignus odio vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2466 amore</i>. Sed gratia gratum faciens facit hominem dignum Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2467 amore. Ergo nullus potest scire utrum habeat gratiam gratum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2468 facientem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2469 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 co."><a name="38563"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2470 "ref">[38563] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2471 dicendum quod tripliciter aliquid cognosci potest. Uno modo, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2472 revelationem. Et hoc modo potest aliquis scire se habere gratiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2473 Revelat enim Deus hoc aliquando aliquibus ex speciali privilegio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2474 ut securitatis gaudium etiam in hac vita in eis incipiat, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2475 confidentius et fortius magnifica opera prosequantur, et mala
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2476 praesentis vitae sustineant, sicut Paulo dictum est, II ad Cor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2477 XII, <i>sufficit tibi gratia mea</i>. Alio modo homo cognoscit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2478 aliquid per seipsum, et hoc certitudinaliter. Et sic nullus potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2479 scire se habere gratiam. Certitudo enim non potest haberi de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2480 aliquo, nisi possit diiudicari per proprium principium, sic enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2481 certitudo habetur de conclusionibus demonstrativis per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2482 indemonstrabilia universalia principia; nullus autem posset scire
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2483 se habere scientiam alicuius conclusionis, si principium ignoraret.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2484 Principium autem gratiae, et obiectum eius, est ipse Deus, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2485 propter sui excellentiam est nobis ignotus; secundum illud Iob
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2486 XXXVI, <i>ecce, Deus magnus, vincens scientiam nostram</i>. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2487 eius praesentia in nobis vel absentia per certitudinem cognosci non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2488 potest; secundum illud Iob IX, <i>si venerit ad me, non videbo eum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2489 si autem abierit, non intelligam</i>. Et ideo homo non potest per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2490 certitudinem diiudicare utrum ipse habeat gratiam; secundum illud I
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2491 ad Cor. IV, <i>sed neque meipsum iudico, qui autem iudicat me,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2492 dominus est</i>. Tertio modo cognoscitur aliquid coniecturaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2493 per aliqua signa. Et hoc modo aliquis cognoscere potest se habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2494 gratiam, inquantum scilicet percipit se delectari in Deo, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2495 contemnere res mundanas; et inquantum homo non est conscius sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2496 alicuius peccati mortalis. Secundum quem modum potest intelligi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2497 quod habetur Apoc. II, <i>vincenti dabo manna absconditum, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2498 nemo novit nisi qui accipit</i>, quia scilicet ille qui accipit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2499 per quandam experientiam dulcedinis novit, quam non experitur ille
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2500 qui non accipit. Ista tamen cognitio imperfecta est. Unde apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2501 dicit, I ad Cor. IV, <i>nihil mihi conscius sum, sed non in hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2502 iustificatus sum</i>. Quia ut dicitur in Psalmo XVIII, <i>delicta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2503 quis intelligit? Ab occultis meis munda me, domine</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2504 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="38564"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2505 "ref">[38564] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2506 ergo dicendum quod illa quae sunt per essentiam sui in anima,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2507 cognoscuntur experimentali cognitione, inquantum homo experitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2508 actus principia intrinseca, sicut voluntatem percipimus volendo, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2509 vitam in operibus vitae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2510 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="38565"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2511 "ref">[38565] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2512 dicendum quod de ratione scientiae est quod homo certitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2513 habeat de his quorum habet scientiam, et similiter de ratione fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2514 est quod homo sit certus de his quorum habet fidem. Et hoc ideo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2515 quia certitudo pertinet ad perfectionem intellectus, in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2516 praedicta dona existunt. Et ideo quicumque habet scientiam vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2517 fidem, certus est se habere. Non est autem similis ratio de gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2518 et caritate et aliis huiusmodi, quae perficiunt vim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2519 appetitivam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2520 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="38566"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2521 "ref">[38566] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2522 dicendum quod peccatum habet pro principio et pro obiecto bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2523 commutabile, quod nobis est notum. Obiectum autem vel finis gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2524 est nobis ignotum, propter sui luminis immensitatem; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2525 I ad Tim. ult., <i>lucem habitat inaccessibilem</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2526 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 ad 4"><a name="38567"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2527 "ref">[38567] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2528 dicendum quod apostolus ibi loquitur de donis gloriae, quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2529 nobis data in spe, quae certissime cognoscimus per fidem; licet non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2530 cognoscamus per certitudinem nos habere gratiam, per quam nos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2531 possumus ea promereri. Vel potest dici quod loquitur de notitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2532 privilegiata, quae est per revelationem. Unde subdit, <i>nobis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2533 autem revelavit Deus per spiritum sanctum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2534 <p title="I-II q. 112 a. 5 ad 5"><a name="38568"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2535 "ref">[38568] Iª-IIae q. 112 a. 5 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2536 dicendum quod illud etiam verbum Abrahae dictum, potest referri ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2537 notitiam experimentalem, quae est per exhibitionem operis. In opere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2538 enim illo quod fecerat Abraham, cognoscere potuit experimentaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2539 se Dei timorem habere. Vel potest etiam ad revelationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2540 referri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2541 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2542 <div class="D">Quaestio 113</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2543 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2544 <p title="I-II q. 113 pr."><a name="38569"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2545 "ref">[38569] Iª-IIae q. 113 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2546 considerandum est de effectibus gratiae. Et primo, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2547 iustificatione impii, quae est effectus gratiae operantis; secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2548 de merito, quod est effectus gratiae cooperantis. Circa primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2549 quaeruntur decem. Primo, quid sit iustificatio impii. Secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2550 utrum ad eam requiratur gratiae infusio. Tertio, utrum ad eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2551 requiratur aliquis motus liberi arbitrii. Quarto, utrum ad eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2552 requiratur motus fidei. Quinto, utrum ad eam requiratur motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2553 liberi arbitrii contra peccatum. Sexto, utrum praemissis sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2554 connumeranda remissio peccatorum. Septimo, utrum in iustificatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2555 impii sit ordo temporis, aut sit subito. Octavo, de naturali ordine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2556 eorum quae ad iustificationem concurrunt. Nono, utrum iustificatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2557 impii sit maximum opus Dei. Decimo, utrum iustificatio impii sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2558 miraculosa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2559 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2560 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2561 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="38570"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2562 "ref">[38570] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2563 sic proceditur. Videtur quod iustificatio impii non sit remissio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2564 peccatorum. Peccatum enim non solum iustitiae opponitur, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2565 omnibus virtutibus; ut ex supradictis patet. Sed iustificatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2566 significat motum quendam ad iustitiam. Non ergo omnis peccati
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2567 remissio est iustificatio, cum omnis motus sit de contrario in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2568 contrarium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2569 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="38571"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2570 "ref">[38571] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2571 unumquodque debet denominari ab eo quod est potissimum in ipso, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2572 dicitur in II de anima. Sed remissio peccatorum praecipue fit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2573 fidem, secundum illud Act. XV, <i>fide purificans corda eorum</i>;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2574 et per caritatem, secundum illud Prov. X, <i>universa delicta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2575 operit caritas</i>. Magis ergo remissio peccatorum debuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2576 denominari a fide vel a caritate, quam a iustitia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2577 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="38572"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2578 "ref">[38572] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2579 remissio peccatorum idem esse videtur quod vocatio, vocatur enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2580 qui distat; distat autem aliquis a Deo per peccatum. Sed vocatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2581 iustificationem praecedit; secundum illud Rom. VIII, <i>quos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2582 vocavit, hos et iustificavit</i>. Ergo iustificatio non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2583 remissio peccatorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2584 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 s. c."><a name="38573"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2585 "ref">[38573] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2586 est quod, Rom. VIII super illud, <i>quos vocavit, hos et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2587 iustificavit</i>, dicit Glossa, remissione peccatorum. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2588 remissio peccatorum est iustificatio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2589 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 co."><a name="38574"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2590 "ref">[38574] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2591 dicendum quod iustificatio passive accepta importat motum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2592 iustitiam; sicut et calefactio motum ad calorem. Cum autem iustitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2593 de sui ratione importet quandam rectitudinem ordinis, dupliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2594 accipi potest. Uno modo, secundum quod importat ordinem rectum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2595 ipso actu hominis. Et secundum hoc iustitia ponitur virtus quaedam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2596 sive sit particularis iustitia, quae ordinat actum hominis secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2597 rectitudinem in comparatione ad alium singularem hominem; sive sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2598 iustitia legalis, quae ordinat secundum rectitudinem actum hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2599 in comparatione ad bonum commune multitudinis; ut patet in V Ethic.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2600 Alio modo dicitur iustitia prout importat rectitudinem quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2601 ordinis in ipsa interiori dispositione hominis, prout scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2602 supremum hominis subditur Deo, et inferiores vires animae subduntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2603 supremae, scilicet rationi. Et hanc etiam dispositionem vocat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2604 philosophus, in V Ethic., iustitiam metaphorice dictam. Haec autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2605 iustitia in homine potest fieri dupliciter. Uno quidem modo, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2606 modum simplicis generationis, quae est ex privatione ad formam. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2607 hoc modo iustificatio posset competere etiam ei qui non esset in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2608 peccato, dum huiusmodi iustitiam a Deo acciperet, sicut Adam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2609 dicitur accepisse originalem iustitiam. Alio modo potest fieri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2610 huiusmodi iustitia in homine secundum rationem motus qui est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2611 contrario in contrarium. Et secundum hoc, iustificatio importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2612 transmutationem quandam de statu iniustitiae ad statum iustitiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2613 praedictae. Et hoc modo loquimur hic de iustificatione impii;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2614 secundum illud apostoli, ad Rom. IV, <i>ei qui non operatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2615 credenti autem in eum qui iustificat impium</i>, et cetera. Et quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2616 motus magis denominatur a termino ad quem quam a termino a quo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2617 ideo huiusmodi transmutatio, qua aliquis transmutatur a statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2618 iniustitiae per remissionem peccati, sortitur nomen a termino ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2619 quem, et vocatur iustificatio impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2620 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="38575"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2621 "ref">[38575] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2622 ergo dicendum quod omne peccatum, secundum quod importat quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2623 inordinationem mentis non subditae Deo, iniustitia potest dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2624 praedictae iustitiae contraria; secundum illud I Ioan. III,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2625 <i>omnis qui facit peccatum, et iniquitatem facit, et peccatum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2626 iniquitas</i>. Et secundum hoc, remotio cuiuslibet peccati dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2627 iustificatio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2628 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="38576"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2629 "ref">[38576] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2630 dicendum quod fides et caritas dicunt ordinem specialem mentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2631 humanae ad Deum secundum intellectum vel affectum. Sed iustitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2632 importat generaliter totam rectitudinem ordinis. Et ideo magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2633 denominatur huiusmodi transmutatio a iustitia quam a caritate vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2634 fide.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2635 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="38577"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2636 "ref">[38577] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2637 dicendum quod vocatio refertur ad auxilium Dei interius moventis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2638 excitantis mentem ad deserendum peccatum. Quae quidem motio Dei non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2639 est ipsa remissio peccati, sed causa eius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2640 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2641 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2642 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="38578"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2643 "ref">[38578] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2644 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad remissionem culpae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2645 est iustificatio impii, non requiratur gratiae infusio. Potest enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2646 aliquis removeri ab uno contrario sine hoc quod perducatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2647 alterum, si contraria sint mediata. Sed status culpae et status
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2648 gratiae sunt contraria mediata, est enim medius status innocentiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2649 in quo homo nec gratiam habet nec culpam. Ergo potest alicui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2650 remitti culpa sine hoc quod perducatur ad gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2651 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="38579"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2652 "ref">[38579] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2653 remissio culpae consistit in reputatione divina; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2654 Psalmi XXXI, <i>beatus vir cui non imputavit dominus peccatum</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2655 Sed infusio gratiae ponit etiam aliquid in nobis, ut supra habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2656 est. Ergo infusio gratiae non requiritur ad remissionem culpae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2657 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="38580"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2658 "ref">[38580] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2659 nullus subiicitur simul duobus contrariis. Sed quaedam peccata sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2660 contraria, sicut prodigalitas et illiberalitas. Ergo qui subiicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2661 peccato prodigalitatis, non simul subiicitur peccato
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2662 illiberalitatis. Potest tamen contingere quod prius ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2663 subiiciebatur. Ergo peccando vitio prodigalitatis, liberatur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2664 peccato illiberalitatis. Et sic remittitur aliquod peccatum sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2665 gratia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2666 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 s. c."><a name="38581"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2667 "ref">[38581] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2668 est quod dicitur Rom. III, <i>iustificati gratis per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2669 ipsius</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2670 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 co."><a name="38582"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2671 "ref">[38582] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2672 dicendum quod homo peccando Deum offendit, sicut ex supradictis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2673 patet. Offensa autem non remittitur alicui nisi per hoc quod animus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2674 offensi pacatur offendenti. Et ideo secundum hoc peccatum nobis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2675 remitti dicitur, quod Deus nobis pacatur. Quae quidem pax consistit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2676 in dilectione qua Deus nos diligit. Dilectio autem Dei, quantum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2677 ex parte actus divini, est aeterna et immutabilis, sed quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2678 effectum quem nobis imprimit, quandoque interrumpitur, prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2679 scilicet ab ipso quandoque deficimus et quandoque iterum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2680 recuperamus. Effectus autem divinae dilectionis in nobis qui per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2681 peccatum tollitur, est gratia, qua homo fit dignus vita aeterna, a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2682 qua peccatum mortale excludit. Et ideo non posset intelligi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2683 remissio culpae, nisi adesset infusio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2684 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="38583"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2685 "ref">[38583] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2686 ergo dicendum quod plus requiritur ad hoc quod offendenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2687 remittatur offensa, quam ad hoc quod simpliciter aliquis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2688 offendens non habeatur odio. Potest enim apud homines contingere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2689 quod unus homo aliquem alium nec diligat nec odiat; sed si eum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2690 offendat, quod ei dimittat offensam, hoc non potest contingere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2691 absque speciali benevolentia. Benevolentia autem Dei ad hominem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2692 reparari dicitur per donum gratiae. Et ideo licet, antequam homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2693 peccet, potuerit esse sine gratia et sine culpa; tamen post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2694 peccatum, non potest esse sine culpa nisi gratiam habeat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2695 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="38584"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2696 "ref">[38584] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2697 dicendum quod, sicut dilectio Dei non solum consistit in actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2698 voluntatis divinae, sed etiam importat quendam gratiae effectum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2699 supra dictum est; ita etiam et hoc quod est Deum non imputare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2700 peccatum homini, importat quendam effectum in ipso cuius peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2701 non imputatur. Quod enim alicui non imputetur peccatum a Deo, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2702 divina dilectione procedit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2703 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="38585"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2704 "ref">[38585] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2705 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de nuptiis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2706 Concup., <i>si a peccato desistere, hoc esset non habere peccatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2707 sufficeret ut hoc moneret Scriptura, fili, peccasti, non adiicias
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2708 iterum. Non autem sufficit, sed additur, et de pristinis deprecare,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2709 ut tibi remittantur</i>. Transit enim peccatum actu, et remanet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2710 reatu, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo cum aliquis a peccato unius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2711 vitii transit in peccatum contrarii vitii, desinit quidem habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2712 actum praeteriti, sed non desinit habere reatum, unde simul habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2713 reatum utriusque peccati. Non enim peccata sunt sibi contraria ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2714 parte aversionis a Deo, ex qua parte peccatum reatum habet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2715 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2716 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2717 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="38586"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2718 "ref">[38586] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2719 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad iustificationem impii non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2720 requiratur motus liberi arbitrii. Videmus enim quod per sacramentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2721 Baptismi iustificantur pueri absque motu liberi arbitrii, et etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2722 interdum adulti, dicit enim Augustinus, in IV Confess., quod cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2723 quidam suus amicus laboraret febribus, <i>iacuit diu sine sensu in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2724 sudore letali; et dum desperaretur, baptizatus est nesciens, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2725 recreatus est</i>; quod fit per gratiam iustificantem. Sed Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2726 potentiam suam non alligavit sacramentis. Ergo etiam potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2727 iustificare hominem sine sacramentis absque omni motu liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2728 arbitrii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2729 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="38587"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2730 "ref">[38587] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2731 in dormiendo homo non habet usum rationis, sine quo non potest esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2732 motus liberi arbitrii. Sed Salomon in dormiendo consecutus est a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2733 Deo donum sapientiae; ut habetur III Reg. III, et II Paral. I. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2734 etiam, pari ratione, donum gratiae iustificantis quandoque datur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2735 homini a Deo absque motu liberi arbitrii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2736 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="38588"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2737 "ref">[38588] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2738 per eandem causam gratia producitur in esse et conservatur, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2739 enim Augustinus, VIII super Gen. ad Litt., quod <i>ita se debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2740 homo ad Deum convertere, ut ab illo semper fiat iustus</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2741 absque motu liberi arbitrii gratia in homine conservatur. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2742 absque motu liberi arbitrii potest a principio infundi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2743 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 s. c."><a name="38589"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2744 "ref">[38589] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2745 est quod dicitur Ioan. VI, <i>omnis qui audit a patre et didicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2746 venit ad me</i>. Sed discere non est sine motu liberi arbitrii,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2747 addiscens enim consentit docenti. Ergo nullus venit ad Deum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2748 gratiam iustificantem absque motu liberi arbitrii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2749 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 co."><a name="38590"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2750 "ref">[38590] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2751 dicendum quod iustificatio impii fit Deo movente hominem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2752 iustitiam, ipse enim est qui iustificat impium, ut dicitur Rom. IV.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2753 Deus autem movet omnia secundum modum uniuscuiusque, sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2754 naturalibus videmus quod aliter moventur ab ipso gravia et aliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2755 levia, propter diversam naturam utriusque. Unde et homines ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2756 iustitiam movet secundum conditionem naturae humanae. Homo autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2757 secundum propriam naturam habet quod sit liberi arbitrii. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2758 in eo qui habet usum liberi arbitrii, non fit motio a Deo ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2759 iustitiam absque motu liberi arbitrii; sed ita infundit donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2760 gratiae iustificantis, quod etiam simul cum hoc movet liberum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2761 arbitrium ad donum gratiae acceptandum, in his qui sunt huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2762 motionis capaces.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2763 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="38591"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2764 "ref">[38591] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2765 ergo dicendum quod pueri non sunt capaces motus liberi arbitrii, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2766 ideo moventur a Deo ad iustitiam per solam informationem animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2767 ipsorum. Non autem hoc fit sine sacramento, quia sicut peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2768 originale, a quo iustificantur, non propria voluntate ad eos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2769 pervenit, sed per carnalem originem; ita etiam per spiritualem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2770 regenerationem a Christo in eos gratia derivatur. Et eadem ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2771 est de furiosis et amentibus qui nunquam usum liberi arbitrii
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2772 habuerunt. Sed si quis aliquando habuerit usum liberi arbitrii, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2773 postmodum eo careat vel per infirmitatem vel per somnum; non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2774 consequitur gratiam iustificantem per Baptismum exterius adhibitum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2775 aut per aliquod aliud sacramentum, nisi prius habuerit sacramentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2776 in proposito; quod sine usu liberi arbitrii non contingit. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2777 modo ille de quo loquitur Augustinus, recreatus fuit, quia et prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2778 et postea Baptismum acceptavit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2779 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="38592"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2780 "ref">[38592] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2781 dicendum quod etiam Salomon dormiendo non meruit sapientiam, nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2782 accepit. Sed in somno declaratum est ei quod, propter praecedens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2783 desiderium, ei a Deo sapientia infunderetur, unde ex eius persona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2784 dicitur, Sap. VII, optavi, et datus est mihi sensus. Vel potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2785 dici quod ille somnus non fuit naturalis, sed somnus prophetiae;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2786 secundum quod dicitur Num. XII, <i>si quis fuerit inter vos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2787 propheta domini, per somnium aut in visione loquar ad eum</i>. In
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2788 quo casu aliquis usum liberi arbitrii habet. Et tamen sciendum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2789 quod non est eadem ratio de dono sapientiae et de dono gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2790 iustificantis. Nam donum gratiae iustificantis praecipue ordinat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2791 hominem ad bonum, quod est obiectum voluntatis, et ideo ad ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2792 movetur homo per motum voluntatis, qui est motus liberi arbitrii.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2793 Sed sapientia perficit intellectum, qui praecedit voluntatem, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2794 absque completo motu liberi arbitrii, potest intellectus dono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2795 sapientiae illuminari. Sicut etiam videmus quod in dormiendo aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2796 hominibus revelantur, sicut dicitur Iob XXXIII, <i>quando irruit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2797 sopor super homines et dormiunt in lectulo, tunc aperit aures
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2798 virorum, et erudiens eos instruit disciplina</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2799 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="38593"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2800 "ref">[38593] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2801 dicendum quod in infusione gratiae iustificantis est quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2802 transmutatio animae, et ideo requiritur motus proprius animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2803 humanae, ut anima moveatur secundum modum suum. Sed conservatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2804 gratiae est absque transmutatione, unde non requiritur aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2805 motus ex parte animae, sed sola continuatio influxus divini.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2806 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2807 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2808 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="38594"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2809 "ref">[38594] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2810 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad iustificationem impii non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2811 requiratur motus fidei. Sicut enim per fidem iustificatur homo, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2812 etiam et per quaedam alia. Scilicet per timorem; de quo dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2813 Eccli. I, <i>timor domini expellit peccatum, nam qui sine timore
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2814 est, non poterit iustificari</i>. Et iterum per caritatem; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2815 illud Luc. VII, <i>dimissa sunt ei peccata multa, quoniam dilexit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2816 multum</i>. Et iterum per humilitatem; secundum illud Iac. IV,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2817 <i>Deus superbis resistit, humilibus autem dat gratiam</i>. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2818 iterum per misericordiam; secundum illud Prov. XV, <i>per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2819 misericordiam et fidem purgantur peccata</i>. Non ergo magis motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2820 fidei requiritur ad iustificationem quam motus praedictarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2821 virtutum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2822 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="38595"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2823 "ref">[38595] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2824 actus fidei non requiritur ad iustificationem nisi inquantum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2825 fidem homo cognoscit Deum. Sed etiam aliis modis potest homo Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2826 cognoscere, scilicet per cognitionem naturalem, et per donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2827 sapientiae. Ergo non requiritur actus fidei ad iustificationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2828 impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2829 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="38596"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2830 "ref">[38596] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2831 diversi sunt articuli fidei. Si igitur actus fidei requiratur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2832 iustificationem impii, videtur quod oporteret hominem, quando primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2833 iustificatur, de omnibus articulis fidei cogitare. Sed hoc videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2834 inconveniens, cum talis cogitatio longam temporis moram requirat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2835 Ergo videtur quod actus fidei non requiratur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2836 iustificationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2837 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 s. c."><a name="38597"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2838 "ref">[38597] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2839 est quod dicitur Rom. V, <i>iustificati igitur ex fide, pacem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2840 habeamus ad Deum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2841 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 co."><a name="38598"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2842 "ref">[38598] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2843 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, motus liberi arbitrii requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2844 ad iustificationem impii, secundum quod mens hominis movetur a Deo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2845 Deus autem movet animam hominis convertendo eam ad seipsum; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2846 dicitur in Psalmo LXXXIV, secundum aliam litteram, <i>Deus, tu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2847 convertens vivificabis nos</i>. Et ideo ad iustificationem impii
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2848 requiritur motus mentis quo convertitur in Deum. Prima autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2849 conversio in Deum fit per fidem; secundum illud ad Heb. XI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2850 <i>accedentem ad Deum oportet credere quia est</i>. Et ideo motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2851 fidei requiritur ad iustificationem impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2852 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="38599"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2853 "ref">[38599] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2854 ergo dicendum quod motus fidei non est perfectus nisi sit caritate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2855 informatus, unde simul in iustificatione impii cum motu fidei, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2856 etiam motus caritatis. Movetur autem liberum arbitrium in Deum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2857 hoc quod ei se subiiciat, unde etiam concurrit actus timoris
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2858 filialis, et actus humilitatis. Contingit enim unum et eundem actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2859 liberi arbitrii diversarum virtutum esse, secundum quod una imperat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2860 et alia imperatur, prout scilicet actus est ordinabilis ad diversos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2861 fines. Actus autem misericordiae operatur contra peccatum per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2862 satisfactionis, et sic sequitur iustificationem, vel per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2863 praeparationis, inquantum misericordes misericordiam consequuntur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2864 et sic etiam potest praecedere iustificationem; vel etiam ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2865 iustificationem concurrere simul cum praedictis virtutibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2866 secundum quod misericordia includitur in dilectione proximi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2867 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="38600"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2868 "ref">[38600] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2869 dicendum quod per cognitionem naturalem homo non convertitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2870 Deum inquantum est obiectum beatitudinis et iustificationis causa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2871 unde talis cognitio non sufficit ad iustificationem. Donum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2872 sapientiae praesupponit cognitionem fidei, ut ex supradictis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2873 patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2874 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="38601"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2875 "ref">[38601] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2876 dicendum quod, sicut apostolus dicit, ad Rom. IV, <i>credenti in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2877 eum qui iustificat impium, reputabitur fides eius ad iustitiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2878 secundum propositum gratiae Dei</i>. Ex quo patet quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2879 iustificatione impii requiritur actus fidei quantum ad hoc, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2880 homo credat Deum esse iustificatorem hominum per mysterium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2881 Christi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2882 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2883 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2884 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="38602"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2885 "ref">[38602] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2886 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad iustificationem impii non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2887 requiratur motus liberi arbitrii in peccatum. Sola enim caritas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2888 sufficit ad deletionem peccati, secundum illud Prov. X, <i>universa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2889 delicta operit caritas</i>. Sed caritatis obiectum non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2890 peccatum. Ergo non requiritur ad iustificationem impii motus liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2891 arbitrii in peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2892 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="38603"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2893 "ref">[38603] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2894 qui in anteriora tendit, ad posteriora respicere non debet;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2895 secundum illud apostoli, ad Philipp. III, <i>quae quidem retro sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2896 obliviscens, ad ea vero quae sunt priora extendens meipsum, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2897 destinatum persequor bravium supernae vocationis</i>. Sed tendenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2898 in iustitiam retrorsum sunt peccata praeterita. Ergo eorum debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2899 oblivisci, nec in ea se debet extendere per motum liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2900 arbitrii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2901 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="38604"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2902 "ref">[38604] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2903 in iustificatione impii non remittitur unum peccatum sine alio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2904 impium enim est a Deo dimidiam sperare veniam. Si igitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2905 iustificatione impii oporteat liberum arbitrium moveri contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2906 peccatum, oporteret quod de omnibus peccatis suis cogitaret. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2907 videtur inconveniens, tum quia requireretur magnum tempus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2908 huiusmodi cogitationem; tum etiam quia peccatorum quorum est homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2909 oblitus, veniam habere non posset. Ergo motus liberi arbitrii in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2910 peccatum non requiritur ad iustificationem impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2911 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 s. c."><a name="38605"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2912 "ref">[38605] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2913 est quod dicitur in Psalmo XXXI, <i>dixi, confitebor adversum me
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2914 iniustitiam meam domino, et tu remisisti impietatem peccati
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2915 mei</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2916 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 co."><a name="38606"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2917 "ref">[38606] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2918 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, iustificatio impii est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2919 quidam motus quo humana mens movetur a Deo a statu peccati in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2920 statum iustitiae. Oportet igitur quod humana mens se habeat ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2921 utrumque extremorum secundum motum liberi arbitrii, sicut se habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2922 corpus localiter motum ab aliquo movente ad duos terminos motus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2923 Manifestum est autem in motu locali corporum quod corpus motum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2924 recedit a termino a quo, et accedit ad terminum ad quem. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2925 oportet quod mens humana, dum iustificatur, per motum liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2926 arbitrii recedat a peccato, et accedat ad iustitiam. Recessus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2927 et accessus in motu liberi arbitrii accipitur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2928 detestationem et desiderium, dicit enim Augustinus, super Ioan.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2929 exponens illud, <i>mercenarius autem fugit, affectiones nostrae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2930 motus animorum sunt, laetitia animi diffusio, timor animi fuga est;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2931 progrederis animo cum appetis, fugis animo cum metuis</i>. Oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2932 igitur quod in iustificatione impii sit motus liberi arbitrii
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2933 duplex, unus quo per desiderium tendat in Dei iustitiam; et alius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2934 quo detestetur peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2935 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="38607"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2936 "ref">[38607] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2937 ergo dicendum quod ad eandem virtutem pertinet prosequi unum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2938 oppositorum, et refugere aliud. Et ideo sicut ad caritatem pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2939 diligere Deum, ita etiam detestari peccata, per quae anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2940 separatur a Deo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2941 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="38608"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2942 "ref">[38608] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2943 dicendum quod ad posteriora non debet homo regredi per amorem; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2944 quantum ad hoc debet ea oblivisci, ut ad ea non afficiatur. Debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2945 tamen eorum recordari per considerationem ut ea detestetur, sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2946 enim ab eis recedit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2947 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="38609"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2948 "ref">[38609] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2949 dicendum quod in tempore praecedente iustificationem, oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2950 homo singula peccata quae commisit detestetur, quorum memoriam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2951 habet. Et ex tali consideratione praecedenti subsequitur in anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2952 quidam motus detestantis universaliter omnia peccata commissa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2953 inter quae etiam includuntur peccata oblivioni tradita, quia homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2954 in statu illo est sic dispositus ut etiam de his quae non meminit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2955 contereretur, si memoriae adessent. Et iste motus concurrit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2956 iustificationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2957 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2958 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2959 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="38610"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2960 "ref">[38610] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2961 sic proceditur. Videtur quod remissio peccatorum non debeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2962 numerari inter ea quae requiruntur ad iustificationem impii.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2963 Substantia enim rei non connumeratur his quae ad rem requiruntur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2964 sicut homo non debet connumerari animae et corpori. Sed ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2965 iustificatio impii est remissio peccatorum, ut dictum est. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2966 remissio peccatorum non debet computari inter ea quae ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2967 iustificationem impii requiruntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2968 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="38611"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2969 "ref">[38611] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2970 idem est gratiae infusio et culpae remissio, sicut idem est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2971 illuminatio et tenebrarum expulsio. Sed idem non debet connumerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2972 sibi ipsi, unum enim multitudini opponitur. Ergo non debet culpae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2973 remissio connumerari infusioni gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2974 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="38612"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2975 "ref">[38612] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2976 remissio peccatorum consequitur ad motum liberi arbitrii in Deum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2977 in peccatum, sicut effectus ad causam, per fidem enim et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2978 contritionem remittuntur peccata. Sed effectus non debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2979 connumerari suae causae, quia ea quae connumerantur quasi ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2980 invicem condivisa, sunt simul natura. Ergo remissio culpae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2981 debet connumerari aliis quae requiruntur ad iustificationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2982 impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2983 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 s. c."><a name="38613"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2984 "ref">[38613] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2985 est quod in enumeratione eorum quae requiruntur ad rem, non debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2986 praetermitti finis, qui est potissimum in unoquoque. Sed remissio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2987 peccatorum est finis in iustificatione impii, dicitur enim Isaiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2988 XXVII, <i>iste est omnis fructus, ut auferatur peccatum eius</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2989 Ergo remissio peccatorum debet connumerari inter ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2990 requiruntur ad iustificationem impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2991 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 co."><a name="38614"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2992 "ref">[38614] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2993 dicendum quod quatuor enumerantur quae requiruntur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2994 iustificationem impii, scilicet gratiae infusio; motus liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2995 arbitrii in Deum per fidem; et motus liberi arbitrii in peccatum;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2996 et remissio culpae. Cuius ratio est quia, sicut dictum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2997 iustificatio est quidam motus quo anima movetur a Deo a statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2998 culpae in statum iustitiae. In quolibet autem motu quo aliquid ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	2999 altero movetur, tria requiruntur, primo quidem, motio ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3000 moventis; secundo, motus mobilis; et tertio, consummatio motus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3001 sive perventio ad finem. Ex parte igitur motionis divinae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3002 accipitur gratiae infusio; ex parte vero liberi arbitrii moti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3003 accipiuntur duo motus ipsius, secundum recessum a termino a quo, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3004 accessum ad terminum ad quem; consummatio autem, sive perventio ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3005 terminum huius motus, importatur per remissionem culpae, in hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3006 enim iustificatio consummatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3007 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="38615"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3008 "ref">[38615] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3009 ergo dicendum quod iustificatio impii dicitur esse ipsa remissio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3010 peccatorum, secundum quod omnis motus accipit speciem a termino. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3011 tamen ad terminum consequendum multa alia requiruntur, ut ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3012 supradictis patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3013 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="38616"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3014 "ref">[38616] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3015 dicendum quod gratiae infusio et remissio culpae dupliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3016 considerari possunt. Uno modo, secundum ipsam substantiam actus. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3017 sic idem sunt, eodem enim actu Deus et largitur gratiam et remittit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3018 culpam. Alio modo possunt considerari ex parte obiectorum. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3019 differunt, secundum differentiam culpae quae tollitur, et gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3020 quae infunditur. Sicut etiam in rebus naturalibus generatio et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3021 corruptio differunt, quamvis generatio unius sit corruptio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3022 alterius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3023 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="38617"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3024 "ref">[38617] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3025 dicendum quod ista non est connumeratio secundum divisionem generis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3026 in species, in qua oportet quod connumerata sint simul, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3027 secundum differentiam eorum quae requiruntur ad completionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3028 alicuius. In qua quidem enumeratione aliquid potest esse prius, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3029 aliquid posterius, quia principiorum et partium rei compositae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3030 potest esse aliquid alio prius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3031 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3032 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3033 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="38618"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3034 "ref">[38618] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3035 septimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod iustificatio impii non fiat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3036 in instanti, sed successive. Quia ut dictum est, ad iustificationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3037 impii requiritur motus liberi arbitrii. Actus autem liberi arbitrii
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3038 est eligere, qui praeexigit deliberationem consilii, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3039 habitum est. Cum igitur deliberatio discursum quendam importet, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3040 successionem quandam habet, videtur quod iustificatio impii sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3041 successiva.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3042 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="38619"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3043 "ref">[38619] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3044 motus liberi arbitrii non est absque actuali consideratione. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3045 impossibile est simul multa intelligere in actu, ut in primo dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3046 est. Cum igitur ad iustificationem impii requiratur motus liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3047 arbitrii in diversa, scilicet in Deum et in peccatum, videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3048 iustificatio impii non possit esse in instanti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3049 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="38620"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3050 "ref">[38620] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3051 forma quae suscipit magis et minus, successive recipitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3052 subiecto, sicut patet de albedine et nigredine. Sed gratia suscipit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3053 magis et minus, ut supra dictum est. Ergo non recipitur subito in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3054 subiecto. Cum igitur ad iustificationem impii requiratur gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3055 infusio, videtur quod iustificatio impii non possit esse in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3056 instanti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3057 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 arg. 4"><a name="38621"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3058 "ref">[38621] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3059 motus liberi arbitrii qui ad iustificationem impii concurrit, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3060 meritorius, et ita oportet quod procedat a gratia, sine qua nullum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3061 est meritum, ut infra dicetur. Sed prius est aliquid consequi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3062 formam, quam secundum formam operari. Ergo prius infunditur gratia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3063 et postea liberum arbitrium movetur in Deum et in detestationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3064 peccati. Non ergo iustificatio est tota simul.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3065 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 arg. 5"><a name="38622"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3066 "ref">[38622] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3067 si gratia infundatur animae, oportet dare aliquod instans in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3068 primo animae insit. Similiter si culpa remittitur, oportet ultimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3069 instans dare in quo homo culpae subiaceat. Sed non potest esse idem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3070 instans, quia sic opposita simul inessent eidem. Ergo oportet esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3071 duo instantia sibi succedentia, inter quae, secundum philosophum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3072 in VI Physic., oportet esse tempus medium. Non ergo iustificatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3073 fit tota simul, sed successive.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3074 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 s. c."><a name="38623"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3075 "ref">[38623] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3076 est quod iustificatio impii fit per gratiam spiritus sancti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3077 iustificantis. Sed spiritus sanctus subito advenit mentibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3078 hominum; secundum illud Act. II, <i>factus est repente de caelo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3079 sonus tanquam advenientis spiritus vehementis</i>; ubi dicit Glossa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3080 quod <i>nescit tarda molimina spiritus sancti gratia</i>. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3081 iustificatio impii non est successiva, sed instantanea.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3082 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 co."><a name="38624"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3083 "ref">[38624] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3084 dicendum quod tota iustificatio impii originaliter consistit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3085 gratiae infusione, per eam enim et liberum arbitrium movetur, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3086 culpa remittitur. Gratiae autem infusio fit in instanti absque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3087 successione. Cuius ratio est quia quod aliqua forma non subito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3088 imprimatur subiecto, contingit ex hoc quod subiectum non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3089 dispositum, et agens indiget tempore ad hoc quod subiectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3090 disponat. Et ideo videmus quod statim cum materia est disposita per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3091 alterationem praecedentem, forma substantialis acquiritur materiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3092 et eadem ratione, quia diaphanum est secundum se dispositum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3093 lumen recipiendum, subito illuminatur a corpore lucido in actu.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3094 Dictum est autem supra quod Deus ad hoc quod gratiam infundat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3095 animae, non requirit aliquam dispositionem nisi quam ipse facit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3096 Facit autem huiusmodi dispositionem sufficientem ad susceptionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3097 gratiae, quandoque quidem subito, quandoque autem paulatim et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3098 successive, ut supra dictum est. Quod enim agens naturale non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3099 subito possit disponere materiam, contingit ex hoc quod est aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3100 disproportio eius quod in materia resistit, ad virtutem agentis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3101 propter hoc videmus quod quanto virtus agentis fuerit fortior,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3102 tanto materia citius disponitur. Cum igitur virtus divina sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3103 infinita, potest quamcumque materiam creatam subito disponere ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3104 formam, et multo magis liberum arbitrium hominis, cuius motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3105 potest esse instantaneus secundum naturam. Sic igitur iustificatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3106 impii fit a Deo in instanti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3107 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="38625"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3108 "ref">[38625] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3109 ergo dicendum quod motus liberi arbitrii qui concurrit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3110 iustificationem impii, est consensus ad detestandum peccatum et ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3111 accedendum ad Deum, qui quidem consensus subito fit. Contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3112 autem quandoque quod praecedit aliqua deliberatio, quae non est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3113 substantia iustificationis, sed via in iustificationem, sicut motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3114 localis est via ad illuminationem, et alteratio ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3115 generationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3116 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="38626"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3117 "ref">[38626] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3118 dicendum quod, sicut in primo dictum est, nihil prohibet duo simul
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3119 intelligere actu, secundum quod sunt quodammodo unum, sicut simul
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3120 intelligimus subiectum et praedicatum, inquantum uniuntur in ordine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3121 affirmationis unius. Et per eundem modum liberum arbitrium potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3122 in duo simul moveri, secundum quod unum ordinatur in aliud. Motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3123 autem liberi arbitrii in peccatum, ordinatur ad motum liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3124 arbitrii in Deum, propter hoc enim homo detestatur peccatum, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3125 est contra Deum, cui vult adhaerere. Et ideo liberum arbitrium in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3126 iustificatione impii simul detestatur peccatum et convertit se ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3127 Deum, sicut etiam corpus simul, recedendo ab uno loco, accedit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3128 alium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3129 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="38627"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3130 "ref">[38627] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3131 dicendum quod non est ratio quare forma subito in materia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3132 recipiatur, quia magis et minus inesse potest, sic enim lumen non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3133 subito reciperetur in aere, qui potest magis et minus illuminari.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3134 Sed ratio est accipienda ex parte dispositionis materiae vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3135 subiecti, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3136 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 ad 4"><a name="38628"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3137 "ref">[38628] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3138 dicendum quod in eodem instanti in quo forma acquiritur, incipit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3139 res operari secundum formam, sicut ignis statim cum est generatus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3140 movetur sursum; et si motus eius esset instantaneus, in eodem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3141 instanti compleretur. Motus autem liberi arbitrii, qui est velle,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3142 non est successivus, sed instantaneus. Et ideo non oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3143 iustificatio impii sit successiva.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3144 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 7 ad 5"><a name="38629"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3145 "ref">[38629] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 7 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3146 dicendum quod successio duorum oppositorum in eodem subiecto aliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3147 est consideranda in his quae subiacent tempori, et aliter in his
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3148 quae sunt supra tempus. In his enim quae subiacent tempori, non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3149 dare ultimum instans in quo forma prior subiecto inest, est autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3150 dare ultimum tempus, et primum instans in quo forma sequens inest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3151 materiae vel subiecto. Cuius ratio est quia in tempore non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3152 accipi ante unum instans aliud instans praecedens immediate, eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3153 quod instantia non consequenter se habeant in tempore, sicut nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3154 puncta in linea, ut probatur in VI Physic. Sed tempus terminatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3155 instans. Et ideo in toto tempore praecedenti, quo aliquid movetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3156 ad unam formam, subest formae oppositae, et in ultimo instanti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3157 illius temporis, quod est primum instans sequentis temporis, habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3158 formam, quae est terminus motus. Sed in his quae sunt supra tempus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3159 aliter se habet. Si qua enim successio sit ibi affectuum vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3160 intellectualium conceptionum, puta in Angelis, talis successio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3161 mensuratur tempore continuo, sed tempore discreto, sicut et ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3162 quae mensurantur non sunt continua, ut in primo habitum est. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3163 in talibus est dandum ultimum instans in quo primum fuit, et primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3164 instans in quo est id quod sequitur, nec oportet esse tempus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3165 medium, quia non est ibi continuitas temporis, quae hoc requirebat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3166 Mens autem humana quae iustificatur, secundum se quidem est supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3167 tempus, sed per accidens subditur tempori, inquantum scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3168 intelligit cum continuo et tempore secundum phantasmata, in quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3169 species intelligibiles considerat, ut in primo dictum est. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3170 iudicandum est, secundum hoc, de eius mutatione secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3171 conditionem temporalium motuum, ut scilicet dicamus quod non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3172 dare ultimum instans in quo culpa infuit, sed ultimum tempus; est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3173 autem dare primum instans in quo gratia inest, in toto autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3174 tempore praecedenti inerat culpa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3175 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3176 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3177 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="38630"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3178 "ref">[38630] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3179 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratiae infusio non sit prima ordine
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3180 naturae inter ea quae requiruntur ad iustificationem impii. Prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3181 enim est recedere a malo quam accedere ad bonum; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3182 Psalmi XXXVI, <i>declina a malo, et fac bonum</i>. Sed remissio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3183 culpae pertinet ad recessum a malo, infusio autem gratiae pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3184 ad prosecutionem boni. Ergo naturaliter prius est remissio culpae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3185 quam infusio gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3186 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="38631"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3187 "ref">[38631] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3188 dispositio praecedit naturaliter formam ad quam disponit. Sed motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3189 liberi arbitrii est quaedam dispositio ad susceptionem gratiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3190 Ergo naturaliter praecedit infusionem gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3191 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="38632"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3192 "ref">[38632] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3193 peccatum impedit animam ne libere tendat in Deum. Sed prius est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3194 removere id quod prohibet motum, quam motus sequatur. Ergo prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3195 est naturaliter remissio culpae et motus liberi arbitrii in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3196 peccatum, quam motus liberi arbitrii in Deum, et quam infusio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3197 gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3198 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 s. c."><a name="38633"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3199 "ref">[38633] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3200 causa naturaliter est prior effectu. Sed gratiae infusio causa est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3201 omnium aliorum quae requiruntur ad iustificationem impii, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3202 dictum est. Ergo est naturaliter prior.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3203 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 co."><a name="38634"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3204 "ref">[38634] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3205 dicendum quod praedicta quatuor quae requiruntur ad iustificationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3206 impii, tempore quidem sunt simul, quia iustificatio impii non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3207 successiva, ut dictum est, sed ordine naturae unum eorum est prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3208 altero. Et inter ea naturali ordine primum est gratiae infusio;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3209 secundum, motus liberi arbitrii in Deum; tertium est motus liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3210 arbitrii in peccatum; quartum vero est remissio culpae. Cuius ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3211 est quia in quolibet motu naturaliter primum est motio ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3212 moventis; secundum autem est dispositio materiae, sive motus ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3213 mobilis; ultimum vero est finis vel terminus motus, ad quem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3214 terminatur motio moventis. Ipsa igitur Dei moventis motio est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3215 gratiae infusio, ut dictum est supra; motus autem vel dispositio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3216 mobilis est duplex motus liberi arbitrii; terminus autem vel finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3217 motus est remissio culpae, ut ex supradictis patet. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3218 naturali ordine primum in iustificatione impii est gratiae infusio;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3219 secundum est motus liberi arbitrii in Deum; tertium vero est motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3220 liberi arbitrii in peccatum (propter hoc enim ille qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3221 iustificatur, detestatur peccatum, quia est contra Deum, unde motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3222 liberi arbitrii in Deum, praecedit naturaliter motum liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3223 arbitrii in peccatum, cum sit causa et ratio eius); quartum vero et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3224 ultimum est remissio culpae, ad quam tota ista transmutatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3225 ordinatur sicut ad finem, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3226 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="38635"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3227 "ref">[38635] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3228 ergo dicendum quod recessus a termino et accessus ad terminum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3229 dupliciter considerari possunt. Uno modo, ex parte mobilis. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3230 naturaliter recessus a termino praecedit accessum ad terminum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3231 prius enim est in subiecto mobili oppositum quod abiicitur, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3232 postmodum est id quod per motum assequitur mobile. Sed ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3233 agentis, est e converso. Agens enim per formam quae in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3234 praeexistit, agit ad removendum contrarium, sicut sol per suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3235 lucem agit ad removendum tenebras. Et ideo ex parte solis, prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3236 est illuminare quam tenebras removere; ex parte autem aeris
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3237 illuminandi, prius est purgari a tenebris quam consequi lumen,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3238 ordine naturae; licet utrumque sit simul tempore. Et quia infusio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3239 gratiae et remissio culpae dicuntur ex parte Dei iustificantis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3240 ideo ordine naturae prior est gratiae infusio quam culpae remissio.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3241 Sed si sumantur ea quae sunt ex parte hominis iustificati, est e
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3242 converso, nam prius est naturae ordine liberatio a culpa, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3243 consecutio gratiae iustificantis. Vel potest dici quod termini
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3244 iustificationis sunt culpa sicut a quo, et iustitia sicut ad quem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3245 gratia vero est causa remissionis culpae, et adeptionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3246 iustitiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3247 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="38636"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3248 "ref">[38636] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3249 dicendum quod dispositio subiecti praecedit susceptionem formae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3250 ordine naturae, sequitur tamen actionem agentis, per quam etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3251 ipsum subiectum disponitur. Et ideo motus liberi arbitrii naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3252 ordine praecedit consecutionem gratiae, sequitur autem gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3253 infusionem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3254 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="38637"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3255 "ref">[38637] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3256 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in II Physic., in motibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3257 animi omnino praecedit motus in principium speculationis, vel in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3258 finem actionis, sed in exterioribus motibus remotio impedimenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3259 praecedit assecutionem finis. Et quia motus liberi arbitrii est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3260 motus animi, prius naturae ordine movetur in Deum sicut in finem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3261 quam ad removendum impedimentum peccati.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3262 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3263 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3264 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="38638"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3265 "ref">[38638] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3266 sic proceditur. Videtur quod iustificatio impii non sit maximum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3267 opus Dei. Per iustificationem enim impii consequitur aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3268 gratiam viae. Sed per glorificationem consequitur aliquis gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3269 patriae, quae maior est. Ergo glorificatio Angelorum vel hominum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3270 est maius opus quam iustificatio impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3271 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="38639"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3272 "ref">[38639] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3273 iustificatio impii ordinatur ad bonum particulare unius hominis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3274 Sed bonum universi est maius quam bonum unius hominis; ut patet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3275 I Ethic. Ergo maius opus est creatio caeli et terrae quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3276 iustificatio impii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3277 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="38640"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3278 "ref">[38640] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3279 maius est ex nihilo aliquid facere, et ubi nihil cooperatur agenti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3280 quam ex aliquo facere aliquid cum aliqua cooperatione patientis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3281 Sed in opere creationis ex nihilo fit aliquid, unde nihil potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3282 cooperari agenti. Sed in iustificatione impii Deus ex aliquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3283 aliquid facit, idest ex impio iustum, et est ibi aliqua cooperatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3284 ex parte hominis, quia est ibi motus liberi arbitrii, ut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3285 est. Ergo iustificatio impii non est maximum opus Dei.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3286 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 s. c."><a name="38641"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3287 "ref">[38641] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3288 est quod in Psalmo CXLIV, dicitur, <i>miserationes eius super omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3289 opera eius</i>. Et in collecta dicitur, <i>Deus, qui omnipotentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3290 tuam parcendo maxime et miserando manifestas</i>. Et Augustinus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3291 dicit exponens illud Ioan. XIV, maiora horum faciet, <i>quod maius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3292 opus est ut ex impio iustus fiat, quam creare caelum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3293 terram</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3294 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 co."><a name="38642"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3295 "ref">[38642] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3296 dicendum quod opus aliquod potest dici magnum dupliciter. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3297 ex parte modi agendi. Et sic maximum est opus creationis, in quo ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3298 nihilo fit aliquid. Alio modo potest dici opus magnum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3299 magnitudinem eius quod fit. Et secundum hoc, maius opus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3300 iustificatio impii, quae terminatur ad bonum aeternum divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3301 participationis, quam creatio caeli et terrae, quae terminatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3302 bonum naturae mutabilis. Et ideo Augustinus, cum dixisset quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3303 <i>maius est quod ex impio fiat iustus, quam creare caelum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3304 terram</i>, subiungit, <i>caelum enim et terra transibit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3305 praedestinatorum autem salus et iustificatio permanebit</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3306 sciendum est quod aliquid magnum dicitur dupliciter. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3307 secundum quantitatem absolutam. Et hoc modo donum gloriae est maius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3308 quam donum gratiae iustificantis impium. Et secundum hoc,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3309 glorificatio iustorum est maius opus quam iustificatio impii. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3310 modo dicitur aliquid magnum quantitate proportionis, sicut dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3311 mons parvus, et milium magnum. Et hoc modo donum gratiae impium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3312 iustificantis est maius quam donum gloriae beatificantis iustum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3313 quia plus excedit donum gratiae dignitatem impii, qui erat dignus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3314 poena, quam donum gloriae dignitatem iusti, qui ex hoc ipso quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3315 est iustificatus, est dignus gloria. Et ideo Augustinus dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3316 ibidem, <i>iudicet qui potest, utrum maius sit iustos Angelos
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3317 creare quam impios iustificare. Certe, si aequalis est utrumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3318 potentiae, hoc maioris est misericordiae</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3319 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="38643"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3320 "ref">[38643] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Et per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3321 patet responsio ad primum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3322 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="38644"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3323 "ref">[38644] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3324 dicendum quod bonum universi est maius quam bonum particulare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3325 unius, si accipiatur utrumque in eodem genere. Sed bonum gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3326 unius maius est quam bonum naturae totius universi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3327 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="38645"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3328 "ref">[38645] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3329 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit ex parte modi agendi, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3330 quem creatio est maximum opus Dei.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3331 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3332 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3333 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="38646"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3334 "ref">[38646] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3335 decimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod iustificatio impii sit opus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3336 miraculosum. Opera enim miraculosa sunt maiora non miraculosis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3337 iustificatio impii est maius opus quam alia opera miraculosa; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3338 patet per Augustinum in auctoritate inducta. Ergo iustificatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3339 impii est opus miraculosum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3340 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="38647"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3341 "ref">[38647] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3342 Praeterea, motus voluntatis ita est in anima, sicut inclinatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3343 naturalis in rebus naturalibus. Sed quando Deus aliquid operatur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3344 rebus naturalibus contra inclinationem naturae, est opus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3345 miraculosum, sicut cum illuminat caecum, vel suscitat mortuum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3346 Voluntas autem impii tendit in malum. Cum igitur Deus, iustificando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3347 hominem, moveat eum in bonum, videtur quod iustificatio impii sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3348 miraculosa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3349 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="38648"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3350 "ref">[38648] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3351 Praeterea, sicut sapientia est donum Dei, ita et iustitia. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3352 miraculosum est quod aliquis subito sine studio sapientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3353 assequatur a Deo. Ergo miraculosum est quod aliquis impius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3354 iustificetur a Deo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3355 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 s. c."><a name="38649"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3356 "ref">[38649] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3357 contra, opera miraculosa sunt supra potentiam naturalem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3358 iustificatio impii non est supra potentiam naturalem, dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3359 Augustinus, in libro de Praedest. Sanct., quod <i>posse habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3360 fidem, sicut posse habere caritatem, naturae est hominum, habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3361 autem gratiae est fidelium</i>. Ergo iustificatio impii non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3362 miraculosa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3363 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 co."><a name="38650"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3364 "ref">[38650] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3365 dicendum quod in operibus miraculosis tria consueverunt inveniri.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3366 Quorum unum est ex parte potentiae agentis, quia sola divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3367 virtute fieri possunt. Et ideo sunt simpliciter mira, quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3368 habentia causam occultam, ut in primo dictum est. Et secundum hoc,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3369 tam iustificatio impii quam creatio mundi, et universaliter omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3370 opus quod a solo Deo fieri potest, miraculosum dici potest.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3371 Secundo, in quibusdam miraculosis operibus invenitur quod forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3372 inducta est supra naturalem potentiam talis materiae, sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3373 suscitatione mortui vita est supra naturalem potentiam talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3374 corporis. Et quantum ad hoc, iustificatio impii non est miraculosa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3375 quia naturaliter anima est gratiae capax; <i>eo enim ipso quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3376 facta est ad imaginem Dei, capax est Dei per gratiam</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3377 Augustinus dicit. Tertio modo, in operibus miraculosis invenitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3378 aliquid praeter solitum et consuetum ordinem causandi effectum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3379 sicut cum aliquis infirmus sanitatem perfectam assequitur subito,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3380 praeter solitum cursum sanationis quae fit a natura vel arte. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3381 quantum ad hoc, iustificatio impii quandoque est miraculosa, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3382 quandoque non. Est enim iste consuetus et communis cursus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3383 iustificationis, ut, Deo movente interius animam, homo convertatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3384 ad Deum, primo quidem conversione imperfecta, et postmodum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3385 perfectam deveniat, quia <i>caritas inchoata meretur augeri, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3386 aucta mereatur perfici</i>, sicut Augustinus dicit. Quandoque vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3387 tam vehementer Deus animam movet ut statim quandam perfectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3388 iustitiae assequatur, sicut fuit in conversione Pauli, adhibita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3389 etiam exterius miraculosa prostratione. Et ideo conversio Pauli,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3390 tanquam miraculosa, in Ecclesia commemoratur celebriter.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3391 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="38651"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3392 "ref">[38651] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3393 ergo dicendum quod quaedam miraculosa opera, etsi sint minora quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3394 iustificatio impii quantum ad bonum quod fit, sunt tamen praeter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3395 consuetum ordinem talium effectuum. Et ideo plus habent de ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3396 miraculi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3397 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="38652"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3398 "ref">[38652] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3399 dicendum quod non quandocumque res naturalis movetur contra suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3400 inclinationem, est opus miraculosum, alioquin miraculosum esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3401 quod aqua calefieret, vel quod lapis sursum proiiceretur, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3402 quando hoc fit praeter ordinem propriae causae, quae nata est hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3403 facere. Iustificare autem impium nulla alia causa potest nisi Deus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3404 sicut nec aquam calefacere nisi ignis. Et ideo iustificatio impii a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3405 Deo, quantum ad hoc, non est miraculosa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3406 <p title="I-II q. 113 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="38653"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3407 "ref">[38653] Iª-IIae q. 113 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3408 dicendum quod sapientiam et scientiam homo natus est acquirere a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3409 Deo per proprium ingenium et studium, et ideo quando praeter hunc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3410 modum homo sapiens vel sciens efficitur, est miraculosum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3411 gratiam iustificantem non est homo natus acquirere per suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3412 operationem, sed Deo operante. Unde non est simile.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3413 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3414 <div class="D">Quaestio 114</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3415 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3416 <p title="I-II q. 114 pr."><a name="38654"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3417 "ref">[38654] Iª-IIae q. 114 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3418 considerandum est de merito, quod est effectus gratiae cooperantis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3419 Et circa hoc quaeruntur decem. Primo, utrum homo possit aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3420 mereri a Deo. Secundo, utrum aliquis sine gratia possit mereri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3421 vitam aeternam. Tertio, utrum aliquis per gratiam possit mereri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3422 vitam aeternam ex condigno. Quarto, utrum gratia sit principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3423 merendi mediante caritate principaliter. Quinto, utrum homo possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3424 sibi mereri primam gratiam. Sexto, utrum homo possit eam mereri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3425 alii. Septimo, utrum possit sibi aliquis mereri reparationem post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3426 lapsum. Octavo, utrum possit sibi mereri augmentum gratiae vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3427 caritatis. Nono, utrum possit sibi mereri finalem perseverantiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3428 Decimo, utrum bona temporalia cadant sub merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3429 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3430 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3431 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="38655"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3432 "ref">[38655] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3433 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo non possit aliquid mereri a Deo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3434 Nullus enim videtur mercedem mereri ex hoc quod reddit alteri quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3435 debet. Sed <i>per omnia bona quae facimus, non possumus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3436 sufficienter recompensare Deo quod debemus, quin semper amplius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3437 debeamus</i>; ut etiam philosophus dicit, in VIII Ethic. Unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3438 Luc. XVII, dicitur, <i>cum omnia quae praecepta sunt, feceritis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3439 dicite, servi inutiles sumus, quod debuimus facere, fecimus</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3440 Ergo homo non potest aliquid mereri a Deo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3441 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="38656"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3442 "ref">[38656] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3443 ex eo quod aliquis sibi proficit, nihil videtur mereri apud eum cui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3444 nihil proficit. Sed homo bene operando sibi proficit, vel alteri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3445 homini, non autem Deo, dicitur enim Iob XXXV, <i>si iuste egeris,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3446 quid donabis ei, aut quid de manu tua accipiet?</i> Ergo homo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3447 potest aliquid a Deo mereri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3448 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="38657"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3449 "ref">[38657] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3450 quicumque apud aliquem aliquid meretur, constituit eum sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3451 debitorem, debitum enim est ut aliquis merendi mercedem rependat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3452 Sed Deus nulli est debitor, unde dicitur Rom. XI, <i>quis prior
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3453 dedit ei, et retribuetur ei?</i> Ergo nullus a Deo potest aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3454 mereri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3455 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 s. c."><a name="38658"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3456 "ref">[38658] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3457 est quod dicitur Ierem. XXXI, <i>est merces operi tuo</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3458 merces dicitur quod pro merito redditur. Ergo videtur quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3459 possit a Deo mereri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3460 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 co."><a name="38659"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3461 "ref">[38659] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3462 dicendum quod meritum et merces ad idem referuntur, id enim merces
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3463 dicitur quod alicui recompensatur pro retributione operis vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3464 laboris, quasi quoddam pretium ipsius. Unde sicut reddere iustum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3465 pretium pro re accepta ab aliquo, est actus iustitiae; ita etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3466 recompensare mercedem operis vel laboris, est actus iustitiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3467 Iustitia autem aequalitas quaedam est; ut patet per philosophum, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3468 V Ethic. Et ideo simpliciter est iustitia inter eos quorum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3469 simpliciter aequalitas, eorum vero quorum non est simpliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3470 aequalitas, non est simpliciter iustitia, sed quidam iustitiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3471 modus potest esse, sicut dicitur quoddam ius paternum vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3472 dominativum, ut in eodem libro philosophus dicit. Et propter hoc,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3473 in his in quibus est simpliciter iustum, est etiam simpliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3474 ratio meriti et mercedis. In quibus autem est secundum quid iustum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3475 et non simpliciter, in his etiam non simpliciter est ratio meriti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3476 sed secundum quid, inquantum salvatur ibi iustitiae ratio, sic enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3477 et filius meretur aliquid a patre, et servus a domino. Manifestum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3478 est autem quod inter Deum et hominem est maxima inaequalitas, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3479 infinitum enim distant, et totum quod est hominis bonum, est a Deo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3480 Unde non potest hominis ad Deum esse iustitia secundum absolutam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3481 aequalitatem, sed secundum proportionem quandam, inquantum scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3482 uterque operatur secundum modum suum. Modus autem et mensura
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3483 humanae virtutis homini est a Deo. Et ideo meritum hominis apud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3484 Deum esse non potest nisi secundum praesuppositionem divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3485 ordinationis, ita scilicet ut id homo consequatur a Deo per suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3486 operationem quasi mercedem, ad quod Deus ei virtutem operandi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3487 deputavit. Sicut etiam res naturales hoc consequuntur per proprios
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3488 motus et operationes, ad quod a Deo sunt ordinatae. Differenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3489 tamen, quia creatura rationalis seipsam movet ad agendum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3490 liberum arbitrium, unde sua actio habet rationem meriti; quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3491 est in aliis creaturis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3492 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="38660"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3493 "ref">[38660] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3494 ergo dicendum quod homo inquantum propria voluntate facit illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3495 quod debet, meretur. Alioquin actus iustitiae quo quis reddit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3496 debitum, non esset meritorius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3497 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="38661"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3498 "ref">[38661] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3499 dicendum quod Deus ex bonis nostris non quaerit utilitatem, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3500 gloriam, idest manifestationem suae bonitatis, quod etiam ex suis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3501 operibus quaerit. Ex hoc autem quod eum colimus, nihil ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3502 accrescit, sed nobis. Et ideo meremur aliquid a Deo, non quasi ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3503 nostris operibus aliquid ei accrescat, sed inquantum propter eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3504 gloriam operamur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3505 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="38662"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3506 "ref">[38662] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3507 dicendum quod, quia actio nostra non habet rationem meriti nisi ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3508 praesuppositione divinae ordinationis, non sequitur quod Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3509 efficiatur simpliciter debitor nobis, sed sibi ipsi, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3510 debitum est ut sua ordinatio impleatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3511 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3512 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3513 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="38663"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3514 "ref">[38663] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3515 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod aliquis sine gratia possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3516 mereri vitam aeternam. Illud enim homo a Deo meretur ad quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3517 divinitus ordinatur, sicut dictum est. Sed homo secundum suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3518 naturam ordinatur ad beatitudinem sicut ad finem, unde etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3519 naturaliter appetit esse beatus. Ergo homo per sua naturalia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3520 absque gratia, mereri potest beatitudinem, quae est vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3521 aeterna.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3522 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="38664"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3523 "ref">[38664] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3524 idem opus quanto est minus debitum, tanto est magis meritorium. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3525 minus debitum est bonum quod fit ab eo qui minoribus beneficiis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3526 praeventus. Cum igitur ille qui habet solum bona naturalia, minora
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3527 beneficia sit consecutus a Deo quam ille qui cum naturalibus habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3528 gratuita; videtur quod eius opera sint apud Deum magis meritoria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3529 Et ita, si ille qui habet gratiam, potest mereri aliquo modo vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3530 aeternam, multo magis ille qui non habet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3531 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="38665"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3532 "ref">[38665] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3533 misericordia et liberalitas Dei in infinitum excedit misericordiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3534 et liberalitatem humanam. Sed unus homo potest apud alium mereri,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3535 etiam si nunquam suam gratiam ante habuerit. Ergo videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3536 multo magis homo absque gratia vitam aeternam possit a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3537 mereri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3538 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 s. c."><a name="38666"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3539 "ref">[38666] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3540 est quod apostolus dicit, Rom. VI, <i>gratia Dei vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3541 aeterna</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3542 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 co."><a name="38667"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3543 "ref">[38667] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3544 dicendum quod hominis sine gratia duplex status considerari potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3545 sicut supra dictum est, unus quidem naturae integrae, qualis fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3546 in Adam ante peccatum; alius autem naturae corruptae, sicut est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3547 nobis ante reparationem gratiae. Si ergo loquamur de homine quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3548 ad primum statum, sic una ratione non potest mereri absque gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3549 vitam aeternam per pura naturalia. Quia scilicet meritum hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3550 dependet ex praeordinatione divina. Actus autem cuiuscumque rei non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3551 ordinatur divinitus ad aliquid excedens proportionem virtutis quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3552 est principium actus, hoc enim est ex institutione divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3553 providentiae, ut nihil agat ultra suam virtutem. Vita autem aeterna
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3554 est quoddam bonum excedens proportionem naturae creatae, quia etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3555 excedit cognitionem et desiderium eius, secundum illud I ad Cor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3556 II, <i>nec oculus vidit, nec auris audivit, nec in cor hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3557 ascendit</i>. Et inde est quod nulla natura creata est sufficiens
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3558 principium actus meritorii vitae aeternae, nisi superaddatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3559 aliquod supernaturale donum, quod gratia dicitur. Si vero loquamur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3560 de homine sub peccato existente, additur cum hac secunda ratio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3561 propter impedimentum peccati. Cum enim peccatum sit quaedam Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3562 offensa excludens a vita aeterna, ut patet per supradicta; nullus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3563 in statu peccati existens potest vitam aeternam mereri, nisi prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3564 Deo reconcilietur, dimisso peccato, quod fit per gratiam. Peccatori
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3565 enim non debetur vita, sed mors; secundum illud Rom. VI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3566 <i>stipendia peccati mors</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3567 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="38668"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3568 "ref">[38668] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3569 ergo dicendum quod Deus ordinavit humanam naturam ad finem vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3570 aeternae consequendum non propria virtute, sed per auxilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3571 gratiae. Et hoc modo eius actus potest esse meritorius vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3572 aeternae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3573 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="38669"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3574 "ref">[38669] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3575 dicendum quod homo sine gratia non potest habere aequale opus operi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3576 quod ex gratia procedit, quia quanto est perfectius principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3577 actionis, tanto est perfectior actio. Sequeretur autem ratio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3578 supposita aequalitate operationis utrobique.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3579 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="38670"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3580 "ref">[38670] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3581 dicendum quod, quantum ad primam rationem inductam, dissimiliter se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3582 habet in Deo et in homine. Nam homo omnem virtutem benefaciendi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3583 habet a Deo, non autem ab homine. Et ideo a Deo non potest homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3584 aliquid mereri nisi per donum eius, quod apostolus signanter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3585 exprimit, dicens, <i>quis prior dedit ei, et retribuetur illi?</i>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3586 Sed ab homine potest aliquis mereri antequam ab eo acceperit, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3587 id quod accepit a Deo. Sed quantum ad secundam rationem, sumptam ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3588 impedimento peccati, simile est de homine et de Deo, quia etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3589 homo ab alio mereri non potest quem offendit prius, nisi ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3590 satisfaciens reconcilietur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3591 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3592 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3593 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="38671"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3594 "ref">[38671] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3595 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo in gratia constitutus non possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3596 mereri vitam aeternam ex condigno. Dicit enim apostolus, ad Rom.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3597 VIII, <i>non sunt condignae passiones huius temporis ad futuram
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3598 gloriam quae revelabitur in nobis</i>. Sed inter alia opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3599 meritoria maxime videntur esse meritoriae sanctorum passiones. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3600 nulla opera hominum sunt meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3601 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="38672"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3602 "ref">[38672] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3603 super illud Rom. VI, <i>gratia Dei vita aeterna</i>, dicit Glossa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3604 <i>posset recte dicere, stipendium iustitiae vita aeterna, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3605 maluit dicere, gratia Dei vita aeterna, ut intelligeremus Deum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3606 aeternam vitam pro sua miseratione nos perducere, non meritis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3607 nostris</i>. Sed id quod ex condigno quis meretur, non ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3608 miseratione, sed ex merito accipit. Ergo videtur quod homo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3609 possit per gratiam mereri vitam aeternam ex condigno.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3610 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="38673"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3611 "ref">[38673] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3612 illud meritum videtur esse condignum quod aequatur mercedi. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3613 nullus actus praesentis vitae potest aequari vitae aeternae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3614 cognitionem et desiderium nostrum excedit. Excedit etiam caritatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3615 vel dilectionem viae, sicut et excedit naturam. Ergo homo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3616 potest per gratiam mereri vitam aeternam ex condigno.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3617 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 s. c."><a name="38674"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3618 "ref">[38674] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3619 id quod redditur secundum iustum iudicium, videtur esse merces
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3620 condigna. Sed vita aeterna redditur a Deo secundum iudicium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3621 iustitiae; secundum illud II ad Tim. IV, <i>in reliquo reposita est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3622 mihi corona iustitiae, quam reddet mihi dominus in illa die, iustus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3623 iudex</i>. Ergo homo meretur vitam aeternam ex condigno.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3624 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 co."><a name="38675"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3625 "ref">[38675] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3626 dicendum quod opus meritorium hominis dupliciter considerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3627 potest, uno modo, secundum quod procedit ex libero arbitrio; alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3628 modo, secundum quod procedit ex gratia spiritus sancti. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3629 consideretur secundum substantiam operis, et secundum quod procedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3630 ex libero arbitrio, sic non potest ibi esse condignitas, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3631 maximam inaequalitatem. Sed est ibi congruitas, propter quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3632 aequalitatem proportionis, videtur enim congruum ut homini operanti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3633 secundum suam virtutem, Deus recompenset secundum excellentiam suae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3634 virtutis. Si autem loquamur de opere meritorio secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3635 procedit ex gratia spiritus sancti, sic est meritorium vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3636 aeternae ex condigno. Sic enim valor meriti attenditur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3637 virtutem spiritus sancti moventis nos in vitam aeternam; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3638 illud Ioan. IV, <i>fiet in eo fons aquae salientis in vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3639 aeternam</i>. Attenditur etiam pretium operis secundum dignitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3640 gratiae, per quam homo, consors factus divinae naturae, adoptatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3641 in filium Dei, cui debetur hereditas ex ipso iure adoptionis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3642 secundum illud Rom. VIII, <i>si filii, et heredes</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3643 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="38676"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3644 "ref">[38676] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3645 ergo dicendum quod apostolus loquitur de passionibus sanctorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3646 secundum eorum substantiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3647 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="38677"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3648 "ref">[38677] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3649 dicendum quod verbum Glossae intelligendum est quantum ad primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3650 causam perveniendi ad vitam aeternam, quae est miseratio Dei.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3651 Meritum autem nostrum est causa subsequens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3652 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="38678"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3653 "ref">[38678] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3654 dicendum quod gratia spiritus sancti quam in praesenti habemus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3655 etsi non sit aequalis gloriae in actu, est tamen aequalis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3656 virtute, sicut et semen arborum, in quo est virtus ad totam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3657 arborem. Et similiter per gratiam inhabitat hominem spiritus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3658 sanctus, qui est sufficiens causa vitae aeternae, unde et dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3659 esse pignus hereditatis nostrae, II ad Cor. I.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3660 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3661 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3662 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="38679"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3663 "ref">[38679] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3664 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia non sit principium meriti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3665 principalius per caritatem quam per alias virtutes. Merces enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3666 operi debetur; secundum illud Matth. XX, <i>voca operarios, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3667 redde illis mercedem suam</i>. Sed quaelibet virtus est principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3668 alicuius operis, est enim virtus habitus operativus, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3669 habitum est. Ergo quaelibet virtus est aequaliter principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3670 merendi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3671 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="38680"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3672 "ref">[38680] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3673 apostolus dicit, I ad Cor. III, <i>unusquisque propriam mercedem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3674 accipiet secundum proprium laborem</i>. Sed caritas magis diminuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3675 laborem quam augeat, quia sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3676 verbis Dom., <i>omnia saeva et immania, facilia et prope nulla
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3677 facit amor</i>. Ergo caritas non est principalius principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3678 merendi quam alia virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3679 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="38681"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3680 "ref">[38681] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3681 illa virtus videtur principalius esse principium merendi, cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3682 actus sunt maxime meritorii. Sed maxime meritorii videntur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3683 actus fidei et patientiae, sive fortitudinis, sicut patet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3684 martyribus, qui pro fide patienter et fortiter usque ad mortem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3685 certaverunt. Ergo aliae virtutes principalius sunt principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3686 merendi quam caritas.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3687 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 s. c."><a name="38682"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3688 "ref">[38682] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3689 est quod dominus, Ioan. XIV, dicit, <i>si quis diligit me,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3690 diligetur a patre meo, et ego diligam eum, et manifestabo ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3691 meipsum</i>. Sed in manifesta Dei cognitione consistit vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3692 aeterna; secundum illud Ioan. XVII, <i>haec est vita aeterna, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3693 cognoscant te solum Deum verum et vivum</i>. Ergo meritum vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3694 aeternae maxime residet penes caritatem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3695 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 co."><a name="38683"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3696 "ref">[38683] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3697 dicendum quod, sicut ex dictis accipi potest, humanus actus habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3698 rationem merendi ex duobus, primo quidem et principaliter, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3699 divina ordinatione, secundum quod actus dicitur esse meritorius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3700 illius boni ad quod homo divinitus ordinatur; secundo vero, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3701 parte liberi arbitrii, inquantum scilicet homo habet prae ceteris
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3702 creaturis ut per se agat, voluntarie agens. Et quantum ad utrumque,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3703 principalitas meriti penes caritatem consistit. Primo enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3704 considerandum est quod vita aeterna in Dei fruitione consistit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3705 Motus autem humanae mentis ad fruitionem divini boni, est proprius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3706 actus caritatis, per quem omnes actus aliarum virtutum ordinantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3707 in hunc finem, secundum quod aliae virtutes imperantur a caritate.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3708 Et ideo meritum vitae aeternae primo pertinet ad caritatem, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3709 alias autem virtutes secundario, secundum quod eorum actus a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3710 caritate imperantur. Similiter etiam manifestum est quod id quod ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3711 amore facimus, maxime voluntarie facimus. Unde etiam secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3712 ad rationem meriti requiritur quod sit voluntarium, principaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3713 meritum caritati attribuitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3714 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="38684"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3715 "ref">[38684] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3716 ergo dicendum quod caritas, inquantum habet ultimum finem pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3717 obiecto, movet alias virtutes ad operandum. Semper enim habitus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3718 quem pertinet finis, imperat habitibus ad quos pertinent ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3719 sunt ad finem; ut ex supradictis patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3720 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="38685"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3721 "ref">[38685] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3722 dicendum quod opus aliquod potest esse laboriosum et difficile
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3723 dupliciter. Uno modo, ex magnitudine operis. Et sic magnitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3724 laboris pertinet ad augmentum meriti. Et sic caritas non diminuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3725 laborem, immo facit aggredi opera maxima; magna enim operatur, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3726 est, ut Gregorius dicit in quadam homilia. Alio modo ex defectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3727 ipsius operantis, unicuique enim est laboriosum et difficile quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3728 non prompta voluntate facit. Et talis labor diminuit meritum, et a
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3729 caritate tollitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3730 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="38686"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3731 "ref">[38686] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3732 dicendum quod fidei actus non est meritorius nisi fides per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3733 dilectionem operetur, ut dicitur ad Gal. V. Similiter etiam actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3734 patientiae et fortitudinis non est meritorius nisi aliquis ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3735 caritate haec operetur; secundum illud I ad Cor. XIII, <i>si
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3736 tradidero corpus meum ita ut ardeam, caritatem autem non habuero,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3737 nihil mihi prodest</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3738 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3739 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3740 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="38687"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3741 "ref">[38687] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3742 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit sibi mereri primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3743 gratiam. Quia ut Augustinus dicit, <i>fides meretur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3744 iustificationem</i>. Iustificatur autem homo per primam gratiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3745 Ergo homo potest sibi mereri primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3746 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="38688"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3747 "ref">[38688] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3748 Deus non dat gratiam nisi dignis. Sed non dicitur aliquis dignus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3749 aliquo dono, nisi qui ipsum promeruit ex condigno. Ergo aliquis ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3750 condigno potest mereri primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3751 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="38689"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3752 "ref">[38689] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3753 apud homines aliquis potest promereri donum iam acceptum, sicut qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3754 accepit equum a domino, meretur ipsum bene utendo eo in servitio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3755 domini. Sed Deus est liberalior quam homo. Ergo multo magis primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3756 gratiam iam susceptam potest homo promereri a Deo per subsequentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3757 opera.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3758 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 s. c."><a name="38690"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3759 "ref">[38690] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3760 est quod ratio gratiae repugnat mercedi operum; secundum illud Rom.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3761 IV, <i>ei qui operatur, merces non imputatur secundum gratiam, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3762 secundum debitum</i>. Sed illud meretur homo quod imputatur quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3763 merces operis eius. Ergo primam gratiam non potest homo mereri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3764 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 co."><a name="38691"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3765 "ref">[38691] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3766 dicendum quod donum gratiae considerari potest dupliciter. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3767 modo, secundum rationem gratuiti doni. Et sic manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3768 omne meritum repugnat gratiae, quia ut ad Rom. XI apostolus dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3769 <i>si ex operibus, iam non ex gratia</i>. Alio modo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3770 considerari secundum naturam ipsius rei quae donatur. Et sic etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3771 non potest cadere sub merito non habentis gratiam, tum quia excedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3772 proportionem naturae; tum etiam quia ante gratiam, in statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3773 peccati, homo habet impedimentum promerendi gratiam, scilicet ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3774 peccatum. Postquam autem iam aliquis habet gratiam, non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3775 gratia iam habita sub merito cadere, quia merces est terminus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3776 operis, gratia vero est principium cuiuslibet boni operis in nobis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3777 ut supra dictum est. Si vero aliud donum gratuitum aliquis mereatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3778 virtute gratiae praecedentis, iam non erit prima. Unde manifestum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3779 est quod nullus potest sibi mereri primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3780 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="38692"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3781 "ref">[38692] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3782 ergo dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit in libro Retract., ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3783 aliquando in hoc fuit deceptus, quod credidit initium fidei esse ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3784 nobis, sed consummationem nobis dari ex Deo, quod ipse ibidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3785 retractat. Et ad hunc sensum videtur pertinere quod fides
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3786 iustificationem mereatur. Sed si supponamus, sicut fidei veritas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3787 habet, quod initium fidei sit in nobis a Deo; iam etiam ipse actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3788 fidei consequitur primam gratiam, et ita non potest esse meritorius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3789 primae gratiae. Per fidem igitur iustificatur homo, non quasi homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3790 credendo mereatur iustificationem, sed quia, dum iustificatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3791 credit; eo quod motus fidei requiritur ad iustificationem impii, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3792 supra dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3793 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="38693"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3794 "ref">[38693] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3795 dicendum quod Deus non dat gratiam nisi dignis. Non tamen ita quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3796 prius digni fuerint, sed quia ipse per gratiam eos facit dignos,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3797 <i>qui solus potest facere mundum de immundo conceptum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3798 semine</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3799 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="38694"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3800 "ref">[38694] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3801 dicendum quod omne bonum opus hominis procedit a prima gratia sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3802 a principio. Non autem procedit a quocumque humano dono. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3803 non est similis ratio de dono gratiae et de dono humano.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3804 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3805 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3806 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="38695"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3807 "ref">[38695] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3808 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo possit alteri mereri primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3809 gratiam. Quia Matth. IX, super illud, <i>videns Iesus fidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3810 illorum</i> etc., dicit Glossa, <i>quantum valet apud Deum fides
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3811 propria, apud quem sic valuit aliena ut intus et extra sanaret
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3812 hominem</i>. Sed interior sanatio hominis est per primam gratiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3813 Ergo homo potest alteri mereri primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3814 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="38696"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3815 "ref">[38696] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3816 orationes iustorum non sunt vacuae, sed efficaces; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3817 Iac. ult., <i>multum valet deprecatio iusti assidua</i>. Sed ibidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3818 praemittitur, <i>orate pro invicem ut salvemini</i>. Cum igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3819 salus hominis non possit esse nisi per gratiam, videtur quod unus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3820 homo possit alteri mereri primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3821 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="38697"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3822 "ref">[38697] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3823 Luc. XVI dicitur, <i>facite vobis amicos de mammona iniquitatis, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3824 cum defeceritis, recipiant vos in aeterna tabernacula</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3825 nullus recipitur in aeterna tabernacula nisi per gratiam, per quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3826 solam aliquis meretur vitam aeternam, ut supra dictum est. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3827 unus homo potest alteri acquirere, merendo, primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3828 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 s. c."><a name="38698"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3829 "ref">[38698] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3830 est quod dicitur Ierem. XV, <i>si steterint Moyses et Samuel coram
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3831 me, non est anima mea ad populum istum</i>, qui tamen fuerunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3832 maximi meriti apud Deum. Videtur ergo quod nullus possit alteri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3833 mereri primam gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3834 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 co."><a name="38699"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3835 "ref">[38699] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3836 dicendum quod, sicut ex supradictis patet, opus nostrum habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3837 rationem meriti ex duobus. Primo quidem, ex vi motionis divinae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3838 sic meretur aliquis ex condigno. Alio modo habet rationem meriti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3839 secundum quod procedit ex libero arbitrio, inquantum voluntarie
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3840 aliquid facimus. Et ex hac parte est meritum congrui, quia congruum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3841 est ut, dum homo bene utitur sua virtute, Deus secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3842 superexcellentem virtutem excellentius operetur. Ex quo patet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3843 merito condigni nullus potest mereri alteri primam gratiam nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3844 solus Christus. Quia unusquisque nostrum movetur a Deo per donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3845 gratiae ut ipse ad vitam aeternam perveniat, et ideo meritum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3846 condigni ultra hanc motionem non se extendit. Sed anima Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3847 mota est a Deo per gratiam non solum ut ipse perveniret ad gloriam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3848 vitae aeternae, sed etiam ut alios in eam adduceret, inquantum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3849 caput Ecclesiae et auctor salutis humanae; secundum illud ad Heb.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3850 II, <i>qui multos filios in gloriam adduxerat, auctorem salutis</i>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3851 et cetera. Sed merito congrui potest aliquis alteri mereri primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3852 gratiam. Quia enim homo in gratia constitutus implet Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3853 voluntatem, congruum est, secundum amicitiae proportionem, ut Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3854 impleat hominis voluntatem in salvatione alterius, licet quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3855 possit habere impedimentum ex parte illius cuius aliquis sanctus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3856 iustificationem desiderat. Et in hoc casu loquitur auctoritas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3857 Ieremiae ultimo inducta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3858 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="38700"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3859 "ref">[38700] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3860 ergo dicendum quod fides aliorum valet alii ad salutem merito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3861 congrui, non merito condigni.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3862 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="38701"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3863 "ref">[38701] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3864 dicendum quod impetratio orationis innititur misericordiae, meritum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3865 autem condigni innititur iustitiae. Et ideo multa orando impetrat
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3866 homo ex divina misericordia, quae tamen non meretur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3867 iustitiam; secundum illud Dan. IX, <i>neque enim in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3868 iustificationibus nostris prosternimus preces ante faciem tuam, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3869 in miserationibus tuis multis</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3870 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="38702"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3871 "ref">[38702] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3872 dicendum quod pauperes eleemosynas recipientes dicuntur recipere
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3873 alios in aeterna tabernacula, vel impetrando eis veniam orando; vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3874 merendo per alia bona ex congruo; vel etiam materialiter loquendo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3875 quia per ipsa opera misericordiae quae quis in pauperes exercet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3876 meretur recipi in aeterna tabernacula.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3877 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3878 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3879 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="38703"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3880 "ref">[38703] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3881 septimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod aliquis possit mereri sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3882 ipsi reparationem post lapsum. Illud enim quod iuste a Deo petitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3883 homo videtur posse mereri. Sed nihil iustius a Deo petitur, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3884 Augustinus dicit, quam quod reparetur post lapsum; secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3885 Psalmi LXX, <i>cum defecerit virtus mea, ne derelinquas me,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3886 domine</i>. Ergo homo potest mereri ut reparetur post lapsum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3887 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="38704"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3888 "ref">[38704] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3889 multo magis homini prosunt opera sua quam prosint alii. Sed homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3890 potest aliquo modo alteri mereri reparationem post lapsum, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3891 primam gratiam. Ergo multo magis sibi potest mereri ut reparetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3892 post lapsum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3893 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="38705"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3894 "ref">[38705] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3895 homo qui aliquando fuit in gratia, per bona opera quae fecit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3896 meruit sibi vitam aeternam; ut ex supradictis patet. Sed ad vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3897 aeternam non potest quis pervenire nisi reparetur per gratiam. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3898 videtur quod sibi meruit reparationem per gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3899 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 s. c."><a name="38706"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3900 "ref">[38706] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3901 est quod dicitur Ezech. XVIII, <i>si averterit se iustus a iustitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3902 sua, et fecerit iniquitatem; omnes iustitiae eius quas fecerat, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3903 recordabuntur</i>. Ergo nihil valebunt ei praecedentia merita ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3904 hoc quod resurgat. Non ergo aliquis potest sibi mereri reparationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3905 post lapsum futurum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3906 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 co."><a name="38707"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3907 "ref">[38707] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3908 dicendum quod nullus potest sibi mereri reparationem post lapsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3909 futurum, neque merito condigni, neque merito congrui. Merito quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3910 condigni hoc sibi mereri non potest, quia ratio huius meriti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3911 dependet ex motione divinae gratiae, quae quidem motio
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3912 interrumpitur per sequens peccatum. Unde omnia beneficia quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3913 postmodum aliquis a Deo consequitur, quibus reparatur, non cadunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3914 sub merito; tanquam motione prioris gratiae usque ad hoc non se
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3915 extendente. Meritum etiam congrui quo quis alteri primam gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3916 meretur, impeditur ne consequatur effectum, propter impedimentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3917 peccati in eo cui quis meretur. Multo igitur magis impeditur talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3918 meriti efficacia per impedimentum quod est et in eo qui meretur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3919 in eo cui meretur, hic enim utrumque in unam personam concurrit. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3920 ideo nullo modo aliquis potest sibi mereri reparationem post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3921 lapsum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3922 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="38708"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3923 "ref">[38708] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3924 ergo dicendum quod desiderium quo quis desiderat reparationem post
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3925 lapsum, iustum dicitur, et similiter oratio, quia tendit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3926 iustitiam. Non tamen ita quod iustitiae innitatur per modum meriti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3927 sed solum misericordiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3928 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="38709"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3929 "ref">[38709] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3930 dicendum quod aliquis potest alteri mereri ex congruo primam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3931 gratiam, quia non est ibi impedimentum saltem ex parte merentis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3932 Quod invenitur dum aliquis post meritum gratiae a iustitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3933 recedit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3934 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="38710"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3935 "ref">[38710] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3936 dicendum quod quidam dixerunt quod nullus meretur absolute vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3937 aeternam, nisi per actum finalis gratiae; sed solum sub conditione,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3938 si perseverat. Sed hoc irrationabiliter dicitur, quia quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3939 actus ultimae gratiae non est magis meritorius, sed minus, quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3940 actus praecedentis, propter aegritudinis oppressionem. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3941 dicendum quod quilibet actus caritatis meretur absolute vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3942 aeternam. Sed per peccatum sequens ponitur impedimentum praecedenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3943 merito, ut non sortiatur effectum, sicut etiam causae naturales
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3944 deficiunt a suis effectibus propter superveniens impedimentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3945 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3946 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3947 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="38711"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3948 "ref">[38711] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3949 sic proceditur. Videtur quod homo non possit mereri augmentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3950 gratiae vel caritatis. Cum enim aliquis acceperit praemium quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3951 meruit, non debetur ei alia merces, sicut de quibusdam dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3952 Matth. VI, <i>receperunt mercedem suam</i>. Si igitur aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3953 mereretur augmentum caritatis vel gratiae, sequeretur quod, gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3954 augmentata, non posset ulterius expectare aliud praemium. Quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3955 inconveniens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3956 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="38712"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3957 "ref">[38712] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3958 nihil agit ultra suam speciem. Sed principium meriti est gratia vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3959 caritas, ut ex supradictis patet. Ergo nullus potest maiorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3960 gratiam vel caritatem mereri quam habeat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3961 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="38713"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3962 "ref">[38713] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3963 id quod cadit sub merito, meretur homo per quemlibet actum a gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3964 vel caritate procedentem, sicut per quemlibet talem actum meretur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3965 homo vitam aeternam. Si igitur augmentum gratiae vel caritatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3966 cadat sub merito, videtur quod per quemlibet actum caritate
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3967 informatum aliquis meretur augmentum caritatis. Sed id quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3968 meretur, infallibiliter a Deo consequitur, nisi impediatur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3969 peccatum sequens, dicitur enim II ad Tim. I, <i>scio cui credidi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3970 et certus sum quia potens est depositum meum servare</i>. Sic ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3971 sequeretur quod per quemlibet actum meritorium gratia vel caritas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3972 augeretur. Quod videtur esse inconveniens, cum quandoque actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3973 meritorii non sint multum ferventes, ita quod sufficiant ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3974 caritatis augmentum. Non ergo augmentum caritatis cadit sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3975 merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3976 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 s. c."><a name="38714"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3977 "ref">[38714] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3978 est quod Augustinus dicit, super Epist. Ioan., quod <i>caritas
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3979 meretur augeri, ut aucta mereatur perfici</i>. Ergo augmentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3980 caritatis vel gratiae cadit sub merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3981 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 co."><a name="38715"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3982 "ref">[38715] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3983 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, illud cadit sub merito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3984 condigni, ad quod motio gratiae se extendit. Motio autem alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3985 moventis non solum se extendit ad ultimum terminum motus, sed etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3986 ad totum progressum in motu. Terminus autem motus gratiae est vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3987 aeterna, progressus autem in hoc motu est secundum augmentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3988 caritatis vel gratiae, secundum illud Prov. IV, <i>iustorum semita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3989 quasi lux splendens procedit, et crescit usque ad perfectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3990 diem</i>, qui est dies gloriae. Sic igitur augmentum gratiae cadit
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3991 sub merito condigni.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3992 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="38716"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3993 "ref">[38716] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3994 ergo dicendum quod praemium est terminus meriti. Est autem duplex
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3995 terminus motus, scilicet ultimus; et medius, qui est et principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3996 et terminus. Et talis terminus est merces augmenti. Merces autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3997 favoris humani est sicut ultimus terminus his qui finem in hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3998 constituunt, unde tales nullam aliam mercedem recipiunt.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	3999 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="38717"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4000 "ref">[38717] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4001 dicendum quod augmentum gratiae non est supra virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4002 praeexistentis gratiae, licet sit supra quantitatem ipsius, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4003 arbor, etsi sit supra quantitatem seminis, non est tamen supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4004 virtutem ipsius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4005 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="38718"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4006 "ref">[38718] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4007 dicendum quod quolibet actu meritorio meretur homo augmentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4008 gratiae, sicut et gratiae consummationem, quae est vita aeterna.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4009 Sed sicut vita aeterna non statim redditur, sed suo tempore; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4010 nec gratia statim augetur, sed suo tempore; cum scilicet aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4011 sufficienter fuerit dispositus ad gratiae augmentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4012 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4013 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4014 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="38719"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4015 "ref">[38719] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4016 sic proceditur. Videtur quod aliquis possit perseverantiam mereri.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4017 Illud enim quod homo obtinet petendo, potest cadere sub merito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4018 habentis gratiam. Sed perseverantiam petendo homines a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4019 obtinent, alioquin frustra peteretur a Deo in petitionibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4020 orationis dominicae, ut Augustinus exponit, in libro de dono
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4021 Persever. Ergo perseverantia potest cadere sub merito habentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4022 gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4023 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="38720"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4024 "ref">[38720] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4025 magis est non posse peccare quam non peccare. Sed non posse peccare
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4026 cadit sub merito, meretur enim aliquis vitam aeternam, de cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4027 ratione est impeccabilitas. Ergo multo magis potest aliquis mereri
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4028 ut non peccet, quod est perseverare.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4029 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="38721"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4030 "ref">[38721] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4031 maius est augmentum gratiae quam perseverantia in gratia quam quis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4032 habet. Sed homo potest mereri augmentum gratiae, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4033 est. Ergo multo magis potest mereri perseverantiam in gratia quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4034 quis habet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4035 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 s. c."><a name="38722"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4036 "ref">[38722] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4037 est quod omne quod quis meretur, a Deo consequitur, nisi impediatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4038 per peccatum. Sed multi habent opera meritoria, qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4039 consequuntur perseverantiam. Nec potest dici quod hoc fiat propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4040 impedimentum peccati, quia hoc ipsum quod est peccare, opponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4041 perseverantiae; ita quod, si aliquis perseverantiam mereretur, Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4042 non permitteret aliquem cadere in peccatum. Non igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4043 perseverantia cadit sub merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4044 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 co."><a name="38723"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4045 "ref">[38723] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4046 dicendum quod, cum homo naturaliter habeat liberum arbitrium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4047 flexibile ad bonum et ad malum, dupliciter potest aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4048 perseverantiam in bono obtinere a Deo. Uno quidem modo, per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4049 quod liberum arbitrium determinatur ad bonum per gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4050 consummatam, quod erit in gloria. Alio modo, ex parte motionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4051 divinae, quae hominem inclinat ad bonum usque in finem. Sicut autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4052 ex dictis patet, illud cadit sub humano merito, quod comparatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4053 motum liberi arbitrii directi a Deo movente, sicut terminus, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4054 autem id quod comparatur ad praedictum motum sicut principium. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4055 patet quod perseverantia gloriae, quae est terminus praedicti
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4056 motus, cadit sub merito, perseverantia autem viae non cadit sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4057 merito, quia dependet solum ex motione divina, quae est principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4058 omnis meriti. Sed Deus gratis perseverantiae bonum largitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4059 cuicumque illud largitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4060 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="38724"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4061 "ref">[38724] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4062 ergo dicendum quod etiam ea quae non meremur, orando impetramus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4063 Nam et peccatores Deus audit, peccatorum veniam petentes, quam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4064 merentur, ut patet per Augustinum, super illud Ioan. IX, scimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4065 quia peccatores Deus non exaudit; alioquin frustra dixisset
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4066 publicanus, Deus, propitius esto mihi peccatori, ut dicitur Luc.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4067 XVIII. Et similiter perseverantiae donum aliquis petendo a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4068 impetrat vel sibi vel alii, quamvis sub merito non cadat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4069 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="38725"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4070 "ref">[38725] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4071 dicendum quod perseverantia quae erit in gloria, comparatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4072 motum liberi arbitrii meritorium sicut terminus, non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4073 perseverantia viae, ratione praedicta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4074 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="38726"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4075 "ref">[38726] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Et similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4076 dicendum est ad tertium, de augmento gratiae, ut per praedicta
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4077 patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4078 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4079 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4080 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="38727"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4081 "ref">[38727] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4082 decimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod temporalia bona cadant sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4083 merito. Illud enim quod promittitur aliquibus ut praemium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4084 iustitiae, cadit sub merito. Sed temporalia bona promissa sunt in
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4085 lege veteri sicut merces iustitiae, ut patet Deut. XXVIII. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4086 videtur quod bona temporalia cadant sub merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4087 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="38728"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4088 "ref">[38728] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4089 Praeterea, illud videtur sub merito cadere, quod Deus alicui
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4090 retribuit pro aliquo servitio quod fecit. Sed Deus aliquando
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4091 recompensat hominibus pro servitio sibi facto, aliqua bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4092 temporalia. Dicitur enim Exod. I, <i>et quia timuerunt obstetrices
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4093 Deum, aedificavit illis domos</i>; ubi Glossa Gregorii dicit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4094 <i>benignitatis earum merces potuit in aeterna vita retribui, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4095 pro culpa mendacii, terrenam recompensationem accepit</i>. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4096 Ezech. XXIX dicitur, <i>rex Babylonis servire fecit exercitum suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4097 servitute magna adversus Tyrum, et merces non est reddita ei</i>;
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4098 et postea subdit, <i>erit merces exercitui illius, et dedi ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4099 terram Aegypti, pro eo quod laboraverit mihi</i>. Ergo bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4100 temporalia cadunt sub merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4101 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="38729"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4102 "ref">[38729] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4103 Praeterea, sicut bonum se habet ad meritum, ita malum se habet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4104 demeritum. Sed propter demeritum peccati aliqui puniuntur a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4105 temporalibus poenis, sicut patet de Sodomitis, Gen. XIX. Ergo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4106 bona temporalia cadunt sub merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4107 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 s. c."><a name="38730"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4108 "ref">[38730] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4109 est quod illa quae cadunt sub merito, non similiter se habent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4110 omnes. Sed bona temporalia et mala similiter se habent ad bonos et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4111 malos; secundum illud Eccle. IX, <i>universa aeque eveniunt iusto
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4112 et impio, bono et malo, mundo et immundo, immolanti victimas et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4113 sacrificia contemnenti</i>. Ergo bona temporalia non cadunt sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4114 merito.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4115 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 co."><a name="38731"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4116 "ref">[38731] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4117 dicendum quod illud quod sub merito cadit, est praemium vel merces,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4118 quod habet rationem alicuius boni. Bonum autem hominis est duplex,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4119 unum simpliciter, et aliud secundum quid. Simpliciter quidem bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4120 hominis est ultimus finis eius, secundum illud Psalmi LXXII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4121 <i>mihi autem adhaerere Deo bonum est</i>, et per consequens omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4122 illa quae ordinantur ut ducentia ad hunc finem. Et talia
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4123 simpliciter cadunt sub merito. Bonum autem secundum quid et non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4124 simpliciter hominis, est quod est bonum ei ut nunc, vel quod ei est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4125 secundum aliquid bonum. Et huiusmodi non cadunt sub merito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4126 simpliciter, sed secundum quid. Secundum hoc ergo dicendum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4127 quod, si temporalia bona considerentur prout sunt utilia ad opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4128 virtutum, quibus perducimur in vitam aeternam, secundum hoc directe
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4129 et simpliciter cadunt sub merito, sicut et augmentum gratiae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4130 omnia illa quibus homo adiuvatur ad perveniendum in beatitudinem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4131 post primam gratiam. Tantum enim dat Deus viris iustis de bonis
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4132 temporalibus, et etiam de malis, quantum eis expedit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4133 perveniendum ad vitam aeternam. Et intantum sunt simpliciter bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4134 huiusmodi temporalia. Unde dicitur in Psalmo, <i>timentes autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4135 dominum non minuentur omni bono</i>; et alibi, <i>non vidi iustum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4136 derelictum</i>. Si autem considerentur huiusmodi temporalia bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4137 secundum se, sic non sunt simpliciter bona hominis, sed secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4138 quid. Et ita non simpliciter cadunt sub merito, sed secundum quid,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4139 inquantum scilicet homines moventur a Deo ad aliqua temporaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4140 agenda, in quibus suum propositum consequuntur, Deo favente. Ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4141 sicut vita aeterna est simpliciter praemium operum iustitiae per
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4142 relationem ad motionem divinam, sicut supra dictum est; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4143 temporalia bona in se considerata habeant rationem mercedis, habito
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4144 respectu ad motionem divinam qua voluntates hominum moventur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4145 haec prosequenda; licet interdum in his non habeant homines rectam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4146 intentionem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4147 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="38732"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4148 "ref">[38732] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4149 ergo dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, contra Faust., libro
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4150 IV, <i>in illis temporalibus promissis figurae fuerunt futurorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4151 spiritualium, quae implentur in nobis. Carnalis enim populus
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4152 promissis vitae praesentis inhaerebat, et illorum non tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4153 lingua, sed etiam vita prophetica fuit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4154 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="38733"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4155 "ref">[38733] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4156 dicendum quod illae retributiones dicuntur esse divinitus factae
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4157 secundum comparationem ad divinam motionem, non autem secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4158 respectum ad malitiam voluntatis. Praecipue quantum ad regem
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4159 Babylonis, qui non impugnavit Tyrum quasi volens Deo servire, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4160 potius ut sibi dominium usurparet. Similiter etiam obstetrices,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4161 licet habuerunt bonam voluntatem quantum ad liberationem puerorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4162 non tamen fuit earum recta voluntas quantum ad hoc quod mendacium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4163 confinxerunt.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4164 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="38734"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4165 "ref">[38734] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4166 dicendum quod temporalia mala infliguntur in poenam impiis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4167 inquantum per ea non adiuvantur ad consecutionem vitae aeternae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4168 Iustis autem, qui per huiusmodi mala iuvantur, non sunt poenae, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4169 magis medicinae, ut etiam supra dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4170 <p title="I-II q. 114 a. 10 ad 4"><a name="38735"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4171 "ref">[38735] Iª-IIae q. 114 a. 10 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4172 dicendum quod omnia aeque eveniunt bonis et malis, quantum ad ipsam
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4173 substantiam bonorum vel malorum temporalium. Sed non quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4174 finem, quia boni per huiusmodi manuducuntur ad beatitudinem, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4175 autem mali. Et haec de moralibus in communi dicta sufficiant.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4176 <div class="centro"><br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4177 <p><a href="sth2106.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4178 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4179 <a href="sth3000.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4180 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4181 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4182 <hr />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4183 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4184 <address>© 2006 Fundación Tomás de Aquino quoad
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4185 hanc editionem<br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4186 Iura omnia asservantur<br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4187 OCLC nr. <a href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264"
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4188 style="text-decoration=none">49644264</a></address>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4189 </div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4190 </body>
544e12f679ad convert to xml ht parents: 26 diff changeset	4191 </html>

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