annotate summa/latin/sth3047.html @ 34:2bc1f3a24bc0

fix p2
author ht
date Mon, 30 Nov 2009 21:59:53 +0000
parents 544e12f679ad
children d777cc3962f2
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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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3 <html lang="LA" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA">
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4 <head>
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5 <meta name="generator" content=
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6 "HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" />
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7 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
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8 "text/html; charset=us-ascii" />
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9 <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
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10 <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" />
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11 <meta name="keywords" content=
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12 "Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" />
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13 <meta name="language" content="Latin" />
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14 <meta name="security" content="public" />
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15 <meta name="owner" content="ealarcon@unav.es" />
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16 <meta name="author" content="Enrique Alarc&oacute;n" />
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17 <meta name="abstract" content="" />
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18 <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="vscreen.css" type=
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19 "text/css" />
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20 <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="vprint.css" type=
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21 "text/css" />
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22 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, II&ordf;-IIae q.
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23 47-56</title>
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24 </head>
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25 <body>
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26 <a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"></a>
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27 <div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div>
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28 <div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div>
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29 <div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div>
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30 <div class="dos">secunda pars secundae partis a quaestione XLVII ad
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31 LVI</div>
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32 <br />
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33 <div class="centro">
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34 <table align="center" summary="Imago">
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35 <tr>
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36 <th><img src="icons/fugit190.jpg" width="275" height="190" border=
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37 "0" alt=
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38 "Thomas de Aquino a Filippino Lippi depictus (Cappella Carafa, S. Maria sopra Minerva, Roma)"
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39 align="middle" /></th>
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40 </tr>
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41 </table>
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42 <br />
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43 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1895 editum<br />
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44 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
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45 magneticas<br />
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46 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarc&oacute;n atque instruxit<br />
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47 <br /></span><br />
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48 <hr />
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49 <br />
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50 <p><a href="sth3045.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
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51 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a> &nbsp;
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52 <a href="sth3057.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
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53 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
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54 <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">
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55 //<![CDATA[
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56 <!--
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57 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
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parents:
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diff changeset
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ht
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ht
parents:
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ht
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parents:
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ht
parents:
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ht
parents:
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ht
parents:
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474 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41328">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 arg. 3');
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475 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41329">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 s. c.');
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477 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41331">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 ad 1');
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478 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41332">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 ad 2');
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479 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41333">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 ad 3');
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480 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41334">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 arg. 1');
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481 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41335">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 arg. 2');
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482 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41336">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 arg. 3');
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483 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41337">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 s. c.');
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484 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41338">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 co.');
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485 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41339">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 ad 1');
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486 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41340">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 ad 2');
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487 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41341">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 ad 3');
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488 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41342">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 arg. 1');
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489 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41343">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 arg. 2');
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490 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41344">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 arg. 3');
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491 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41345">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 s. c.');
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492 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41346">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 co.');
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493 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41347">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 ad 1');
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494 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41348">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 ad 2');
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495 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41349">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 ad 3');
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496 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41350">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 arg. 1');
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497 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41351">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 arg. 2');
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498 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41352">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 arg. 3');
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499 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41353">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 s. c.');
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500 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41354">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 co.');
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501 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41355">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 ad 1');
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502 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41356">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 ad 2');
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503 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41357">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 ad 3');
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504 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41358">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 arg. 1');
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505 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41359">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 arg. 2');
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506 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41360">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 arg. 3');
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507 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41361">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 s. c.');
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508 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41362">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 co.');
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509 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41363">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 ad 1');
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510 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41364">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 ad 2');
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511 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41365">II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 ad 3');
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512 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41366">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 pr.');
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513 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41367">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 arg. 1');
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514 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41368">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 arg. 2');
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515 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41369">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 arg. 3');
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516 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41370">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 s. c.');
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517 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41371">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 co.');
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518 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41372">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 ad 1');
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519 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41373">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 ad 2');
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520 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41374">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 ad 3');
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521 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41375">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 arg. 1');
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522 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41376">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 arg. 2');
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523 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41377">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 arg. 3');
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524 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41378">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 s. c.');
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525 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41379">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 co.');
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526 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41380">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 ad 1');
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527 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41381">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 ad 2');
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528 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#41382">II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 ad 3');
28
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529 document.write('<\/SELECT>');
26
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530 document.write('<BR><BR>');
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531 document.write('<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()">');
28
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532 document.write('<\/FORM>');
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533 // -->
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534 //]]>
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535 </script><br />
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diff changeset
536 <hr />
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diff changeset
537 <br /></div>
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diff changeset
538 <div class="D">Quaestio 47</div>
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diff changeset
539 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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diff changeset
540 <p title="II-II q. 47 pr."><a name="40920"><span class=
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diff changeset
541 "ref">[40920] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 pr.</span></a> Consequenter, post
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diff changeset
542 virtutes theologicas, primo considerandum est, circa virtutes
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diff changeset
543 cardinales, de prudentia. Et primo, de prudentia secundum se;
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diff changeset
544 secundo, de partibus eius; tertio, de dono ei correspondente;
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diff changeset
545 quarto, de vitiis oppositis; quinto, de praeceptis ad hoc
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diff changeset
546 pertinentibus. Circa primum quaeruntur sexdecim. Primo, utrum
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diff changeset
547 prudentia sit in voluntate, vel in ratione. Secundo, si est in
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diff changeset
548 ratione, utrum in practica tantum, vel etiam in speculativa.
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diff changeset
549 Tertio, utrum sit cognoscitiva singularium. Quarto, utrum sit
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550 virtus. Quinto, utrum sit virtus specialis. Sexto, utrum
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diff changeset
551 praestituat finem virtutibus moralibus. Septimo, utrum constituat
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diff changeset
552 medium in eis. Octavo, utrum praecipere sit proprius actus eius.
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diff changeset
553 Nono, utrum sollicitudo vel vigilantia pertineat ad prudentiam.
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554 Decimo, utrum prudentia se extendat ad regimen multitudinis.
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555 Undecimo, utrum prudentia quae est respectu boni proprii sit eadem
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diff changeset
556 specie cum ea quae se extendit ad bonum commune duodecimo, utrum
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diff changeset
557 prudentia sit in subditis, an solum in principibus. Tertiodecimo,
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diff changeset
558 utrum inveniatur in malis. Quartodecimo, utrum inveniatur in
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diff changeset
559 omnibus bonis. Quintodecimo, utrum insit nobis a natura.
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560 Sextodecimo, utrum perdatur per oblivionem.</p>
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diff changeset
561 <br />
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diff changeset
562 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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diff changeset
563 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="40921"><span class=
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diff changeset
564 "ref">[40921] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
565 sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non sit in vi cognoscitiva,
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diff changeset
566 sed in appetitiva. Dicit enim Augustinus, in libro de moribus
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diff changeset
567 Eccle., <i>prudentia est amor ea quibus adiuvatur ab eis quibus
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diff changeset
568 impeditur sagaciter eligens</i>. Sed amor non est in cognoscitiva,
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diff changeset
569 sed in appetitiva. Ergo prudentia est in vi appetitiva.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
570 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="40922"><span class=
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diff changeset
571 "ref">[40922] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
572 sicut ex praedicta definitione apparet, ad prudentiam pertinet
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diff changeset
573 eligere sagaciter. Sed electio est actus appetitivae virtutis, ut
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diff changeset
574 supra habitum est. Ergo prudentia non est in vi cognoscitiva, sed
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575 in appetitiva.</p>
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diff changeset
576 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="40923"><span class=
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diff changeset
577 "ref">[40923] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
578 philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>in arte quidem volens
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diff changeset
579 peccans eligibilior est, circa prudentiam autem, minus, quemadmodum
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diff changeset
580 et circa virtutes</i>. Sed virtutes morales, de quibus ibi
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diff changeset
581 loquitur, sunt in parte appetitiva, ars autem in ratione. Ergo
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diff changeset
582 prudentia magis est in parte appetitiva quam in ratione.</p>
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diff changeset
583 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 s. c."><a name="40924"><span class=
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diff changeset
584 "ref">[40924] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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diff changeset
585 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro octoginta trium quaest.,
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diff changeset
586 <i>prudentia est cognitio rerum appetendarum et
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diff changeset
587 fugiendarum</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
588 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 co."><a name="40925"><span class=
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diff changeset
589 "ref">[40925] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
590 dicendum quod, sicut Isidorus dicit, in libro Etymol., <i>prudens
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diff changeset
591 dicitur quasi porro videns, perspicax enim est, et incertorum videt
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diff changeset
592 casus</i>. Visio autem non est virtutis appetitivae, sed
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diff changeset
593 cognoscitivae. Unde manifestum est quod prudentia directe pertinet
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diff changeset
594 ad vim cognoscitivam. Non autem ad vim sensitivam, quia per eam
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diff changeset
595 cognoscuntur solum ea quae praesto sunt et sensibus offeruntur.
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diff changeset
596 Cognoscere autem futura ex praesentibus vel praeteritis, quod
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diff changeset
597 pertinet ad prudentiam, proprie rationis est, quia hoc per quandam
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diff changeset
598 collationem agitur. Unde relinquitur quod prudentia proprie sit in
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diff changeset
599 ratione.</p>
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diff changeset
600 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="40926"><span class=
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diff changeset
601 "ref">[40926] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
602 ergo dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, voluntas movet omnes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
603 potentias ad suos actus. Primus autem actus appetitivae virtutis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
604 est amor, ut supra dictum est. Sic igitur prudentia dicitur esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
605 amor non quidem essentialiter, sed inquantum amor movet ad actum
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diff changeset
606 prudentiae. Unde et postea subdit Augustinus quod <i>prudentia est
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diff changeset
607 amor bene discernens ea quibus adiuvetur ad tendendum in Deum ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
608 his quibus impediri potest</i>. Dicitur autem amor discernere,
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diff changeset
609 inquantum movet rationem ad discernendum.</p>
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diff changeset
610 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="40927"><span class=
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diff changeset
611 "ref">[40927] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
612 dicendum quod prudens considerat ea quae sunt procul inquantum
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diff changeset
613 ordinantur ad adiuvandum vel impediendum ea quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
614 praesentialiter agenda. Unde patet quod ea quae considerat
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diff changeset
615 prudentia ordinantur ad alia sicut ad finem. Eorum autem quae sunt
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diff changeset
616 ad finem est consilium in ratione et electio in appetitu. Quorum
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diff changeset
617 duorum consilium magis proprie pertinet ad prudentiam, dicit enim
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diff changeset
618 philosophus, in VI Ethic., quod prudens est bene consiliativus. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
619 quia electio praesupponit consilium, est enim appetitus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
620 praeconsiliati, ut dicitur in III Ethic.; ideo etiam eligere potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
621 attribui prudentiae consequenter, inquantum scilicet electionem per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
622 consilium dirigit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
623 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="40928"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
624 "ref">[40928] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
625 dicendum quod laus prudentiae non consistit in sola consideratione,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
626 sed in applicatione ad opus, quod est finis practicae rationis. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
627 ideo si in hoc defectus accidat, maxime est contrarium prudentiae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
628 quia sicut finis est potissimus in unoquoque, ita et defectus qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
629 est circa finem est pessimus. Unde ibidem philosophus subdit quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
630 prudentia non est solum cum ratione, sicut ars, habet enim, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
631 dictum est, applicationem ad opus, quod fit per voluntatem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
632 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
633 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
634 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="40929"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
635 "ref">[40929] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
636 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non solum pertineat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
637 ad rationem practicam, sed etiam ad speculativam. Dicitur enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
638 Prov. X, <i>sapientia est viro prudentia</i>. Sed sapientia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
639 principalius consistit in contemplatione. Ergo et prudentia.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
640 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="40930"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
641 "ref">[40930] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
642 Ambrosius dicit, in I de officiis, <i>prudentia in veri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
643 investigatione versatur, et scientiae plenioris infundit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
644 cupiditatem</i>. Sed hoc pertinet ad rationem speculativam. Ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
645 prudentia consistit etiam in ratione speculativa.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
646 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="40931"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
647 "ref">[40931] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
648 in eadem parte animae ponitur a philosopho ars et prudentia; ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
649 patet in VI Ethic. Sed ars non solum invenitur practica, sed etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
650 speculativa, ut patet in artibus liberalibus. Ergo etiam prudentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
651 invenitur et practica et speculativa.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
652 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 s. c."><a name="40932"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
653 "ref">[40932] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
654 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod prudentia est recta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
655 ratio agibilium. Sed hoc non pertinet nisi ad rationem practicam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
656 Ergo prudentia non est nisi in ratione practica.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
657 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 co."><a name="40933"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
658 "ref">[40933] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
659 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>prudentis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
660 est bene posse consiliari</i>. Consilium autem est de his quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
661 per nos agenda in ordine ad finem aliquem. Ratio autem eorum quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
662 sunt agenda propter finem est ratio practica. Unde manifestum est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
663 quod prudentia non consistit nisi in ratione practica.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
664 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="40934"><span class=
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diff changeset
665 "ref">[40934] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
666 ergo dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sapientia considerat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
667 causam altissimam simpliciter. Unde consideratio causae altissimae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
668 in quolibet genere pertinet ad sapientiam in illo genere. In genere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
669 autem humanorum actuum causa altissima est finis communis toti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
670 vitae humanae. Et hunc finem intendit prudentia, dicit enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
671 philosophus, in VI Ethic., quod sicut ille qui ratiocinatur bene ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
672 aliquem finem particularem, puta ad victoriam, dicitur esse prudens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
673 non simpliciter, sed in hoc genere, scilicet in rebus bellicis; ita
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parents: 26
diff changeset
674 ille qui bene ratiocinatur ad totum bene vivere dicitur prudens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
675 simpliciter. Unde manifestum est quod prudentia est sapientia in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
676 rebus humanis, non autem sapientia simpliciter, quia non est circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
677 causam altissimam simpliciter; est enim circa bonum humanum, homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
678 autem non est optimum eorum quae sunt. Et ideo signanter dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
679 quod prudentia est sapientia viro, non autem sapientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
680 simpliciter.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
681 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="40935"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
682 "ref">[40935] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
683 dicendum quod Ambrosius et etiam Tullius nomen prudentiae largius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
684 sumunt pro qualibet cognitione humana tam speculativa quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
685 practica. Quamvis dici possit quod ipse actus speculativae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
686 rationis, secundum quod est voluntarius, cadit sub electione et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
687 consilio quantum ad suum exercitium, et per consequens cadit sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
688 ordinatione prudentiae. Sed quantum ad suam speciem, prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
689 comparatur ad obiectum, quod est verum necessarium, non cadit sub
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parents: 26
diff changeset
690 consilio nec sub prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
691 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="40936"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
692 "ref">[40936] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
693 dicendum quod omnis applicatio rationis rectae ad aliquid factibile
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parents: 26
diff changeset
694 pertinet ad artem. Sed ad prudentiam non pertinet nisi applicatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
695 rationis rectae ad ea de quibus est consilium. Et huiusmodi sunt in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
696 quibus non sunt viae determinatae perveniendi ad finem; ut dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
697 in III Ethic. Quia igitur ratio speculativa quaedam facit, puta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
698 syllogismum, propositionem et alia huiusmodi, in quibus proceditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
699 secundum certas et determinatas vias; inde est quod respectu horum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
700 potest salvari ratio artis, non autem ratio prudentiae. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
701 invenitur aliqua ars speculativa, non autem aliqua prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
702 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
703 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
704 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="40937"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
705 "ref">[40937] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
706 sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non sit cognoscitiva
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
707 singularium. Prudentia enim est in ratione, ut dictum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
708 ratio est universalium, ut dicitur in I Physic. Ergo prudentia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
709 est cognoscitiva nisi universalium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
710 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="40938"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
711 "ref">[40938] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
712 singularia sunt infinita. Sed infinita non possunt comprehendi a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
713 ratione. Ergo prudentia, quae est ratio recta, non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
714 singularium.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
715 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="40939"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
716 "ref">[40939] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
717 particularia per sensum cognoscuntur. Sed prudentia non est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
718 sensu, multi enim habentes sensus exteriores perspicaces non sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
719 prudentes. Ergo prudentia non est singularium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
720 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 s. c."><a name="40940"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
721 "ref">[40940] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
722 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>prudentia non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
723 universalium solum, sed oportet et singularia cognoscere</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
724 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 co."><a name="40941"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
725 "ref">[40941] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
726 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, ad prudentiam pertinet non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
727 solum consideratio rationis, sed etiam applicatio ad opus, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
728 finis practicae rationis. Nullus autem potest convenienter aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
729 alteri applicare nisi utrumque cognoscat, scilicet et id quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
730 applicandum est et id cui applicandum est. Operationes autem sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
731 in singularibus. Et ideo necesse est quod prudens et cognoscat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
732 universalia principia rationis, et cognoscat singularia, circa quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
733 sunt operationes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
734 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="40942"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
735 "ref">[40942] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
736 ergo dicendum quod ratio primo quidem et principaliter est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
737 universalium, potest tamen universales rationes ad particularia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
738 applicare (unde syllogismorum conclusiones non solum sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
739 universales, sed etiam particulares); quia intellectus per quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
740 reflexionem se ad materiam extendit, ut dicitur in III de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
741 anima.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
742 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="40943"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
743 "ref">[40943] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
744 dicendum quod quia infinitas singularium non potest ratione humana
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parents: 26
diff changeset
745 comprehendi, inde est quod sunt incertae providentiae nostrae, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
746 dicitur Sap. IX. Tamen per experientiam singularia infinita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
747 reducuntur ad aliqua finita quae ut in pluribus accidunt, quorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
748 cognitio sufficit ad prudentiam humanam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
749 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="40944"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
750 "ref">[40944] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
751 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., prudentia non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
752 consistit in sensu exteriori, quo cognoscimus sensibilia propria,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
753 sed in sensu interiori, qui perficitur per memoriam et experimentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
754 ad prompte iudicandum de particularibus expertis. Non tamen ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
755 quod prudentia sit in sensu interiori sicut in subiecto principali,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
756 sed principaliter quidem est in ratione, per quandam autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
757 applicationem pertingit ad huiusmodi sensum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
758 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
759 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
760 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="40945"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
761 "ref">[40945] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
762 sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non sit virtus. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
763 Augustinus, in I de Lib. Arb., quod prudentia est appetendarum et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
764 vitandarum rerum scientia. Sed scientia contra virtutem dividitur;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
765 ut patet in praedicamentis. Ergo prudentia non est virtus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
766 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="40946"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
767 "ref">[40946] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
768 virtutis non est virtus. Sed artis est virtus; ut philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
769 dicit, in VI Ethic. Ergo ars non est virtus. Sed in arte est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
770 prudentia, dicitur enim II Paral. II de Hiram quod <i>sciebat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
771 caelare omnem sculpturam, et adinvenire prudenter quodcumque in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
772 opere necessarium est</i>. Ergo prudentia non est virtus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
773 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="40947"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
774 "ref">[40947] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
775 nulla virtus potest esse immoderata. Sed prudentia est immoderata,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
776 alioquin frustra diceretur in Prov. XXIII, <i>prudentiae tuae pone
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
777 modum</i>. Ergo prudentia non est virtus.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
778 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 s. c."><a name="40948"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
779 "ref">[40948] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
780 est quod Gregorius, in II Moral., prudentiam, temperantiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
781 fortitudinem et iustitiam dicit esse quatuor virtutes.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
782 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 co."><a name="40949"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
783 "ref">[40949] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
784 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est cum de virtutibus in communi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
785 ageretur, <i>virtus est quae bonum facit habentem et opus eius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
786 bonum reddit</i>. Bonum autem potest dici dupliciter, uno modo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
787 materialiter, pro eo quod est bonum; alio modo, formaliter,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
788 secundum rationem boni. Bonum autem, inquantum huiusmodi, est
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diff changeset
789 obiectum appetitivae virtutis. Et ideo si qui habitus sunt qui
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diff changeset
790 faciant rectam considerationem rationis non habito respectu ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
791 rectitudinem appetitus, minus habent de ratione virtutis, tanquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
792 ordinantes ad bonum materialiter, idest ad id quod est bonum non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
793 sub ratione boni, plus autem habent de ratione virtutis habitus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
794 illi qui respiciunt rectitudinem appetitus, quia respiciunt bonum
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diff changeset
795 non solum materialiter, sed etiam formaliter, idest id quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
796 bonum sub ratione boni. Ad prudentiam autem pertinet, sicut dictum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
797 est, applicatio rectae rationis ad opus, quod non fit sine appetitu
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diff changeset
798 recto. Et ideo prudentia non solum habet rationem virtutis quam
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diff changeset
799 habent aliae virtutes intellectuales; sed etiam habet rationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
800 virtutis quam habent virtutes morales, quibus etiam
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diff changeset
801 connumeratur.</p>
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diff changeset
802 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="40950"><span class=
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diff changeset
803 "ref">[40950] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
804 ergo dicendum quod Augustinus ibi large accepit scientiam pro
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diff changeset
805 qualibet recta ratione.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
806 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="40951"><span class=
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diff changeset
807 "ref">[40951] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
808 dicendum quod philosophus dicit artis esse virtutem, quia non
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diff changeset
809 importat rectitudinem appetitus, et ideo ad hoc quod homo recte
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diff changeset
810 utatur arte, requiritur quod habeat virtutem, quae faciat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
811 rectitudinem appetitus. Prudentia autem non habet locum in his quae
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diff changeset
812 sunt artis, tum quia ars ordinatur ad aliquem particularem finem;
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diff changeset
813 tum quia ars habet determinata media per quae pervenitur ad finem.
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diff changeset
814 Dicitur tamen aliquis prudenter operari in his quae sunt artis per
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diff changeset
815 similitudinem quandam, in quibusdam enim artibus, propter
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diff changeset
816 incertitudinem eorum quibus pervenitur ad finem, necessarium est
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diff changeset
817 consilium, sicut in medicinali et in navigatoria, ut dicitur in III
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diff changeset
818 Ethic.</p>
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diff changeset
819 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="40952"><span class=
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diff changeset
820 "ref">[40952] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
821 dicendum quod illud dictum sapientis non est sic intelligendum
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diff changeset
822 quasi ipsa prudentia sit moderanda, sed quia secundum prudentiam
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diff changeset
823 est aliis modus imponendus.</p>
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diff changeset
824 <br />
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diff changeset
825 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
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diff changeset
826 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="40953"><span class=
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diff changeset
827 "ref">[40953] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
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diff changeset
828 sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non sit specialis virtus.
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diff changeset
829 Nulla enim specialis virtus ponitur in communi definitione
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diff changeset
830 virtutis. Sed prudentia ponitur in communi definitione virtutis,
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diff changeset
831 quia in II Ethic. definitur virtus <i>habitus electivus in
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diff changeset
832 medietate existens determinata ratione quoad nos, prout sapiens
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diff changeset
833 determinabit</i>; recta autem ratio intelligitur secundum
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diff changeset
834 prudentiam, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Ergo prudentia non est
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diff changeset
835 specialis virtus.</p>
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diff changeset
836 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="40954"><span class=
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diff changeset
837 "ref">[40954] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
838 philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>virtus moralis recte facit
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diff changeset
839 operari finem, prudentia autem ea quae sunt ad finem</i>. Sed in
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diff changeset
840 qualibet virtute sunt aliqua operanda propter finem. Ergo prudentia
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diff changeset
841 est in qualibet virtute. Non est ergo virtus specialis.</p>
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diff changeset
842 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="40955"><span class=
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diff changeset
843 "ref">[40955] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
844 specialis virtus habet speciale obiectum. Sed prudentia non habet
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diff changeset
845 speciale obiectum, est enim recta ratio agibilium, ut dicitur in VI
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diff changeset
846 Ethic.; agibilia autem sunt omnia opera virtutum. Ergo prudentia
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diff changeset
847 non est specialis virtus.</p>
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diff changeset
848 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 s. c."><a name="40956"><span class=
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diff changeset
849 "ref">[40956] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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diff changeset
850 est quod condividitur et connumeratur aliis virtutibus, dicitur
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diff changeset
851 enim Sap. VIII. <i>Sobrietatem et prudentiam docet, iustitiam et
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diff changeset
852 virtutem</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
853 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 co."><a name="40957"><span class=
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diff changeset
854 "ref">[40957] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
855 dicendum quod cum actus et habitus recipiant speciem ex obiectis,
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diff changeset
856 ut ex supradictis patet, necesse est quod habitus cui respondet
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diff changeset
857 speciale obiectum ab aliis distinctum specialis sit habitus, et si
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diff changeset
858 est bonus, est specialis virtus. Speciale autem obiectum dicitur
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diff changeset
859 non secundum materialem considerationem ipsius, sed magis secundum
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diff changeset
860 rationem formalem, ut ex supradictis patet, nam una et eadem res
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diff changeset
861 cadit sub actu diversorum habituum, et etiam diversarum
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diff changeset
862 potentiarum, secundum rationes diversas. Maior autem diversitas
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diff changeset
863 obiecti requiritur ad diversitatem potentiae quam ad diversitatem
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diff changeset
864 habitus, cum plures habitus inveniantur in una potentia, ut supra
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diff changeset
865 dictum est. Diversitas ergo rationis obiecti quae diversificat
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diff changeset
866 potentiam, multo magis diversificat habitum. Sic igitur dicendum
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diff changeset
867 est quod cum prudentia sit in ratione, ut dictum est,
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diff changeset
868 diversificatur quidem ab aliis virtutibus intellectualibus secundum
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diff changeset
869 materialem diversitatem obiectorum. Nam sapientia, scientia et
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diff changeset
870 intellectus sunt circa necessaria; ars autem et prudentia circa
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diff changeset
871 contingentia; sed ars circa factibilia, quae scilicet in exteriori
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diff changeset
872 materia constituuntur, sicut domus, cultellus et huiusmodi;
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diff changeset
873 prudentia autem est circa agibilia, quae scilicet in ipso operante
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diff changeset
874 consistunt, ut supra habitum est. Sed a virtutibus moralibus
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diff changeset
875 distinguitur prudentia secundum formalem rationem potentiarum
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diff changeset
876 distinctivam, scilicet intellectivi, in quo est prudentia; et
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diff changeset
877 appetitivi, in quo est virtus moralis. Unde manifestum est
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diff changeset
878 prudentiam esse specialem virtutem ab omnibus aliis virtutibus
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diff changeset
879 distinctam.</p>
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diff changeset
880 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="40958"><span class=
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diff changeset
881 "ref">[40958] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
882 ergo dicendum quod illa definitio non datur de virtute in communi,
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diff changeset
883 sed de virtute morali. In cuius definitione convenienter ponitur
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diff changeset
884 virtus intellectualis communicans in materia cum ipsa, scilicet
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diff changeset
885 prudentia, quia sicut virtutis moralis subiectum est aliquid
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diff changeset
886 participans ratione, ita virtus moralis habet rationem virtutis
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diff changeset
887 inquantum participat virtutem intellectualem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
888 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="40959"><span class=
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diff changeset
889 "ref">[40959] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
890 dicendum quod ex illa ratione habetur quod prudentia adiuvet omnes
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diff changeset
891 virtutes, et in omnibus operetur. Sed hoc non sufficit ad
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diff changeset
892 ostendendum quod non sit virtus specialis, quia nihil prohibet in
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diff changeset
893 aliquo genere esse aliquam speciem quae aliqualiter operetur in
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diff changeset
894 omnibus speciebus eiusdem generis; sicut sol aliqualiter influit in
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diff changeset
895 omnia corpora.</p>
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diff changeset
896 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="40960"><span class=
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diff changeset
897 "ref">[40960] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
898 dicendum quod agibilia sunt quidem materia prudentiae secundum quod
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diff changeset
899 sunt obiectum rationis, scilicet sub ratione veri. Sunt autem
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diff changeset
900 materia moralium virtutum secundum quod sunt obiectum virtutis
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diff changeset
901 appetitivae, scilicet sub ratione boni.</p>
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diff changeset
902 <br />
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diff changeset
903 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
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diff changeset
904 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="40961"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
905 "ref">[40961] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
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diff changeset
906 sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia praestituat finem virtutibus
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diff changeset
907 moralibus. Cum enim prudentia sit in ratione, virtus autem moralis
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diff changeset
908 in vi appetitiva, videtur quod hoc modo se habeat prudentia ad
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diff changeset
909 virtutem moralem sicut ratio ad vim appetitivam. Sed ratio
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diff changeset
910 praestituit finem potentiae appetitivae. Ergo prudentia praestituit
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diff changeset
911 finem virtutibus moralibus.</p>
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diff changeset
912 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="40962"><span class=
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diff changeset
913 "ref">[40962] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
914 homo excedit res irrationales secundum rationem, sed secundum alia
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diff changeset
915 cum eis communicat. Sic igitur se habent aliae partes hominis ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
916 rationem sicut se habent creaturae irrationales ad hominem. Sed
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diff changeset
917 homo est finis creaturarum irrationalium ut dicitur in I Politic.
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diff changeset
918 ergo omnes aliae partes hominis ordinantur ad rationem sicut ad
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diff changeset
919 finem. Sed prudentia est recta ratio agibilium, ut dictum est. Ergo
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diff changeset
920 omnia agibilia ordinantur ad prudentiam sicut ad finem. Ipsa ergo
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diff changeset
921 praestituit finem omnibus virtutibus moralibus.</p>
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diff changeset
922 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="40963"><span class=
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diff changeset
923 "ref">[40963] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
924 proprium est virtutis vel artis seu potentiae ad quam pertinet
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diff changeset
925 finis ut praecipiat aliis virtutibus seu artibus ad quas pertinent
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diff changeset
926 ea quae sunt ad finem. Sed prudentia disponit de aliis virtutibus
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diff changeset
927 moralibus et praecipit eis. Ergo praestituit eis finem.</p>
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diff changeset
928 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 s. c."><a name="40964"><span class=
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diff changeset
929 "ref">[40964] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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diff changeset
930 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>virtus moralis
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diff changeset
931 intentionem finis facit rectam, prudentia autem quae ad hanc</i>.
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diff changeset
932 Ergo ad prudentiam non pertinet praestituere finem virtutibus
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diff changeset
933 moralibus, sed solum disponere de his quae sunt ad finem.</p>
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diff changeset
934 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 co."><a name="40965"><span class=
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diff changeset
935 "ref">[40965] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
936 dicendum quod finis virtutum moralium est bonum humanum. Bonum
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diff changeset
937 autem humanae animae est secundum rationem esse; ut patet per
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diff changeset
938 Dionysium, IV cap. de Div. Nom. Unde necesse est quod fines
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diff changeset
939 moralium virtutum praeexistant in ratione. Sicut autem in ratione
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diff changeset
940 speculativa sunt quaedam ut naturaliter nota, quorum est
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diff changeset
941 intellectus; et quaedam quae per illa innotescunt, scilicet
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diff changeset
942 conclusiones, quarum est scientia, ita in ratione practica
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diff changeset
943 praeexistunt quaedam ut principia naturaliter nota, et huiusmodi
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diff changeset
944 sunt fines virtutum moralium, quia finis se habet in operabilibus
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diff changeset
945 sicut principium in speculativis, ut supra habitum est; et quaedam
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diff changeset
946 sunt in ratione practica ut conclusiones, et huiusmodi sunt ea quae
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diff changeset
947 sunt ad finem, in quae pervenimus ex ipsis finibus. Et horum est
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diff changeset
948 prudentia, applicans universalia principia ad particulares
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diff changeset
949 conclusiones operabilium. Et ideo ad prudentiam non pertinet
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diff changeset
950 praestituere finem virtutibus moralibus, sed solum disponere de his
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diff changeset
951 quae sunt ad finem.</p>
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diff changeset
952 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="40966"><span class=
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diff changeset
953 "ref">[40966] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
954 ergo dicendum quod virtutibus moralibus praestituit finem ratio
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diff changeset
955 naturalis quae dicitur synderesis, ut in primo habitum est, non
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diff changeset
956 autem prudentia, ratione iam dicta.</p>
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diff changeset
957 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="40967"><span class=
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diff changeset
958 "ref">[40967] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Et per hoc
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diff changeset
959 etiam patet responsio ad secundum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
960 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="40968"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
961 "ref">[40968] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
962 dicendum quod finis non pertinet ad virtutes morales tanquam ipsae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
963 praestituant finem, sed quia tendunt in finem a ratione naturali
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
964 praestitutum. Ad quod iuvantur per prudentiam, quae eis viam parat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
965 disponendo ea quae sunt ad finem. Unde relinquitur quod prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
966 sit nobilior virtutibus moralibus, et moveat eas. Sed synderesis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
967 movet prudentiam, sicut intellectus principiorum scientiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
968 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
969 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
970 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="40969"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
971 "ref">[40969] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
972 septimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod ad prudentiam non pertineat
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
973 invenire medium in virtutibus moralibus. Consequi enim medium est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
974 finis moralium virtutum. Sed prudentia non praestituit finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
975 moralibus virtutibus, ut ostensum est. Ergo non invenit in eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
976 medium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
977 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="40970"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
978 "ref">[40970] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
979 illud quod est per se non videtur causam habere, sed ipsum esse est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
980 sui ipsius causa, quia unumquodque dicitur esse per causam suam.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
981 Sed existere in medio convenit virtuti morali per se, quasi positum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
982 in eius definitione, ut ex dictis patet. Non ergo prudentia causat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
983 medium in virtutibus moralibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
984 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="40971"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
985 "ref">[40971] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
986 prudentia operatur secundum modum rationis. Sed virtus moralis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
987 tendit ad medium per modum naturae, quia ut Tullius dicit, in II
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
988 Rhet., <i>virtus est habitus per modum naturae rationi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
989 consentaneus</i>. Ergo prudentia non praestituit medium virtutibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
990 moralibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
991 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 s. c."><a name="40972"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
992 "ref">[40972] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
993 est quod in supraposita definitione virtutis moralis dicitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
994 <i>est in medietate existens determinata ratione prout sapiens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
995 determinabit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
996 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 co."><a name="40973"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
997 "ref">[40973] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
998 dicendum quod hoc ipsum quod est conformari rationi rectae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
999 finis proprius cuiuslibet moralis virtutis, temperantia enim hoc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1000 intendit, ne propter concupiscentias homo divertat a ratione; et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1001 similiter fortitudo ne a recto iudicio rationis divertat propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1002 timorem vel audaciam. Et hic finis praestitutus est homini secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1003 naturalem rationem, naturalis enim ratio dictat unicuique ut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1004 secundum rationem operetur. Sed qualiter et per quae homo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1005 operando attingat medium rationis pertinet ad dispositionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1006 prudentiae. Licet enim attingere medium sit finis virtutis moralis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1007 tamen per rectam dispositionem eorum quae sunt ad finem medium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1008 invenitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1009 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="40974"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1010 "ref">[40974] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Et per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1011 patet responsio ad primum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1012 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="40975"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1013 "ref">[40975] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1014 dicendum quod sicut agens naturale facit ut forma sit in materia,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1015 non tamen facit ut formae conveniant ea quae per se ei insunt; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1016 etiam prudentia medium constituit in passionibus et operationibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1017 non tamen facit quod medium quaerere conveniat virtuti.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1018 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="40976"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1019 "ref">[40976] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1020 dicendum quod virtus moralis per modum naturae intendit pervenire
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1021 ad medium. Sed quia medium non eodem modo invenitur in omnibus,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1022 ideo inclinatio naturae, quae semper eodem modo operatur, ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1023 non sufficit, sed requiritur ratio prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1024 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1025 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1026 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="40977"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1027 "ref">[40977] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1028 sic proceditur. Videtur quod praecipere non sit principalis actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1029 prudentiae. Praecipere enim pertinet ad bona quae sunt fienda. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1030 Augustinus, XIV de Trin., ponit actum prudentiae praecavere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1031 insidias. Ergo praecipere non est principalis actus prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1032 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="40978"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1033 "ref">[40978] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1034 philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>prudentis videtur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1035 bene consiliari</i>. Sed alius actus videtur esse consiliari et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1036 praecipere, ut ex supradictis patet. Ergo prudentiae principalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1037 actus non est praecipere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1038 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="40979"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1039 "ref">[40979] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1040 praecipere, vel imperare, videtur pertinere ad voluntatem, cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1041 obiectum est finis et quae movet alias potentias animae. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1042 prudentia non est in voluntate, sed in ratione. Ergo prudentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1043 actus non est praecipere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1044 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 s. c."><a name="40980"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1045 "ref">[40980] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1046 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1047 praeceptiva est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1048 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 co."><a name="40981"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1049 "ref">[40981] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1050 dicendum quod prudentia est recta ratio agibilium, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1051 est. Unde oportet quod ille sit praecipuus actus prudentiae qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1052 praecipuus actus rationis agibilium. Cuius quidem sunt tres actus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1053 Quorum primus est consiliari, quod pertinet ad inventionem, nam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1054 consiliari est quaerere, ut supra habitum est. Secundus actus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1055 iudicare de inventis, et hic sistit speculativa ratio. Sed practica
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1056 ratio, quae ordinatur ad opus, procedit ulterius et est tertius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1057 actus eius praecipere, qui quidem actus consistit in applicatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1058 consiliatorum et iudicatorum ad operandum. Et quia iste actus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1059 propinquior fini rationis practicae, inde est quod iste est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1060 principalis actus rationis practicae, et per consequens prudentiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1061 Et huius signum est quod perfectio artis consistit in iudicando,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1062 non autem in praecipiendo. Ideo reputatur melior artifex qui volens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1063 peccat in arte, quasi habens rectum iudicium, quam qui peccat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1064 nolens, quod videtur esse ex defectu iudicii. Sed in prudentia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1065 e converso, ut dicitur in VI Ethic., imprudentior enim est qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1066 volens peccat, quasi deficiens in principali actu prudentiae, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1067 est praecipere, quam qui peccat nolens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1068 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="40982"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1069 "ref">[40982] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1070 ergo dicendum quod actus praecipiendi se extendit et ad bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1071 prosequenda et ad mala cavenda. Et tamen praecavere insidias non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1072 attribuit Augustinus prudentiae quasi principalem actum ipsius, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1073 quia iste actus prudentiae non manet in patria.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1074 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="40983"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1075 "ref">[40983] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1076 dicendum quod bonitas consilii requiritur ut ea quae sunt bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1077 inventa applicentur ad opus. Et ideo praecipere pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1078 prudentiam, quae est bene consiliativa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1079 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="40984"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1080 "ref">[40984] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1081 dicendum quod movere absolute pertinet ad voluntatem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1082 praecipere importat motionem cum quadam ordinatione. Et ideo est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1083 actus rationis, ut supra dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1084 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1085 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1086 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="40985"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1087 "ref">[40985] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1088 sic proceditur. Videtur quod sollicitudo non pertineat ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1089 prudentiam. Sollicitudo enim inquietudinem quandam importat, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1090 enim Isidorus, in libro Etymol., quod sollicitus dicitur qui est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1091 inquietus. Sed motio maxime pertinet ad vim appetitivam. Ergo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1092 sollicitudo. Sed prudentia non est in vi appetitiva, sed in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1093 ratione, ut supra habitum est. Ergo sollicitudo non pertinet ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1094 prudentiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1095 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="40986"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1096 "ref">[40986] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1097 sollicitudini videtur opponi certitudo veritatis, unde dicitur I
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1098 Reg. IX quod Samuel dixit ad Saul, <i>de asinis quas nudiustertius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1099 perdidisti ne sollicitus sis, quia inventae sunt</i>. Sed certitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1100 veritatis pertinet ad prudentiam, cum sit virtus intellectualis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1101 Ergo sollicitudo opponitur prudentiae, magis quam ad eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1102 pertineat.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1103 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="40987"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1104 "ref">[40987] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1105 philosophus dicit, in IV Ethic., quod <i>ad magnanimum pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1106 pigrum esse et otiosum</i>. Pigritiae autem opponitur sollicitudo.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1107 Cum ergo prudentia non opponatur magnanimitati, quia bonum non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1108 bono contrarium, ut dicitur in Praedic.; videtur quod sollicitudo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1109 non pertineat ad prudentiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1110 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 s. c."><a name="40988"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1111 "ref">[40988] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1112 est quod dicitur I Pet. IV, <i>estote prudentes, et vigilate in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1113 orationibus</i>. Sed vigilantia est idem sollicitudini. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1114 sollicitudo pertinet ad prudentiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1115 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 co."><a name="40989"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1116 "ref">[40989] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1117 dicendum quod, sicut dicit Isidorus, in libro Etymol., sollicitus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1118 dicitur quasi solers citus, inquantum scilicet aliquis ex quadam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1119 solertia animi velox est ad prosequendum ea quae sunt agenda. Hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1120 autem pertinet ad prudentiam, cuius praecipuus actus est circa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1121 agenda praecipere de praeconsiliatis et iudicatis. Unde philosophus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1122 dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>oportet operari quidem velociter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1123 consiliata, consiliari autem tarde</i>. Et inde est quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1124 sollicitudo proprie ad prudentiam pertinet. Et propter hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1125 Augustinus dicit, in libro de moribus Eccles., quod <i>prudentiae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1126 sunt excubiae atque diligentissima vigilantia ne, subrepente
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1127 paulatim mala suasione, fallamur</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1128 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="40990"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1129 "ref">[40990] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1130 ergo dicendum quod motus pertinet quidem ad vim appetitivam sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1131 ad principium movens, tamen secundum directionem et praeceptum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1132 rationis, in quo consistit ratio sollicitudinis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1133 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="40991"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1134 "ref">[40991] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1135 dicendum quod, secundum philosophum, in I Ethic., <i>certitudo non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1136 est similiter quaerenda in omnibus, sed in unaquaque materia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1137 secundum proprium modum</i>. Quia vero materiae prudentiae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1138 singularia contingentia, circa quae sunt operationes humanae, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1139 potest certitudo prudentiae tanta esse quod omnino sollicitudo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1140 tollatur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1141 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="40992"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1142 "ref">[40992] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1143 dicendum quod magnanimus dicitur esse piger et otiosus, non quia de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1144 nullo sit sollicitus, sed quia non est superflue sollicitus de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1145 multis, sed confidit in his de quibus confidendum est, et circa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1146 illa non superflue sollicitatur. Superfluitas enim timoris et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1147 diffidentiae facit superfluitatem sollicitudinis, quia timor facit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1148 consiliativos, ut supra dictum est cum de passione timoris
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1149 ageretur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1150 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1151 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1152 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="40993"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1153 "ref">[40993] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1154 decimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non se extendat ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1155 regimen multitudinis, sed solum ad regimen sui ipsius. Dicit enim
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1156 philosophus, in V Ethic., quod virtus relata ad bonum commune est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1157 iustitia. Sed prudentia differt a iustitia. Ergo prudentia non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1158 refertur ad bonum commune.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1159 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="40994"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1160 "ref">[40994] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1161 Praeterea, ille videtur esse prudens qui sibi ipsi bonum quaerit et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1162 operatur. Sed frequenter illi qui quaerunt bona communia negligunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1163 sua. Ergo non sunt prudentes.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1164 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="40995"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1165 "ref">[40995] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1166 Praeterea, prudentia dividitur contra temperantiam et fortitudinem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1167 Sed temperantia et fortitudo videntur dici solum per comparationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1168 ad bonum proprium. Ergo etiam et prudentia.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1169 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 s. c."><a name="40996"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1170 "ref">[40996] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1171 est quod dominus dicit, Matth. XXIV, <i>quis, putas, est fidelis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1172 servus et prudens, quem constituit dominus super familiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1173 suam?</i></p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1174 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 co."><a name="40997"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1175 "ref">[40997] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1176 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quidam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1177 posuerunt quod prudentia non se extendit ad bonum commune, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1178 solum ad bonum proprium. Et hoc ideo quia existimabant quod non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1179 oportet hominem quaerere nisi bonum proprium. Sed haec aestimatio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1180 repugnat caritati, quae non quaerit quae sua sunt, ut dicitur I ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1181 Cor. XIII. Unde et apostolus de seipso dicit, I ad Cor. X, <i>non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1182 quaerens quod mihi utile sit, sed quod multis, ut salvi fiant</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1183 Repugnat etiam rationi rectae, quae hoc iudicat, quod bonum commune
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1184 sit melius quam bonum unius. Quia igitur ad prudentiam pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1185 recte consiliari, iudicare et praecipere de his per quae pervenitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1186 ad debitum finem, manifestum est quod prudentia non solum se habet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1187 ad bonum privatum unius hominis, sed etiam ad bonum commune
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1188 multitudinis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1189 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="40998"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1190 "ref">[40998] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1191 ergo dicendum quod philosophus ibi loquitur de virtute morali.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1192 Sicut autem omnis virtus moralis relata ad bonum commune dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1193 legalis iustitia, ita prudentia relata ad bonum commune vocatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1194 politica, ut sic se habeat politica ad iustitiam legalem, sicut se
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1195 habet prudentia simpliciter dicta ad virtutem moralem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1196 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="40999"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1197 "ref">[40999] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1198 dicendum quod ille qui quaerit bonum commune multitudinis ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1199 consequenti etiam quaerit bonum suum, propter duo. Primo quidem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1200 quia bonum proprium non potest esse sine bono communi vel familiae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1201 vel civitatis aut regni. Unde et maximus Valerius dicit de antiquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1202 Romanis quod <i>malebant esse pauperes in divite imperio quam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1203 divites in paupere imperio</i>. Secundo quia, cum homo sit pars
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1204 domus et civitatis, oportet quod homo consideret quid sit sibi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1205 bonum ex hoc quod est prudens circa bonum multitudinis, bona enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1206 dispositio partis accipitur secundum habitudinem ad totum; quia ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1207 Augustinus dicit, in libro Confess., <i>turpis est omnis pars suo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1208 toti non congruens</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1209 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="41000"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1210 "ref">[41000] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1211 dicendum quod etiam temperantia et fortitudo possunt referri ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1212 bonum commune, unde de actibus earum dantur praecepta legis, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1213 dicitur in V Ethic. Magis tamen prudentia et iustitia, quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1214 pertinent ad partem rationalem, ad quam directe pertinent communia,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1215 sicut ad partem sensitivam pertinent singularia.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1216 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1217 <div class="E">Articulus 11</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1218 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 arg. 1"><a name="41001"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1219 "ref">[41001] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1220 undecimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia quae est respectu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1221 boni proprii sit eadem specie cum ea quae se extendit ad bonum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1222 commune. Dicit enim philosophus, in VI Ethic., quod <i>politica et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1223 prudentia idem habitus est, esse autem non idem ipsis</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1224 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 arg. 2"><a name="41002"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1225 "ref">[41002] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 arg. 2</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1226 Praeterea, philosophus dicit, in III Polit., quod <i>eadem est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1227 virtus boni viri et boni principis</i>. Sed politica maxime est in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1228 principe, in quo est sicut architectonica. Cum ergo prudentia sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1229 virtus boni viri, videtur quod sit idem habitus prudentia et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1230 politica.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1231 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 arg. 3"><a name="41003"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1232 "ref">[41003] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1233 Praeterea, ea quorum unum ordinatur ad aliud non diversificant
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1234 speciem aut substantiam habitus. Sed bonum proprium, quod pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1235 ad prudentiam simpliciter dictam, ordinatur ad bonum commune, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1236 pertinet ad politicam. Ergo politica et prudentia neque differunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1237 specie, neque secundum habitus substantiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1238 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 s. c."><a name="41004"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1239 "ref">[41004] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1240 est quod diversae scientiae sunt politica, quae ordinatur ad bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1241 commune civitatis; et oeconomica, quae est de his quae pertinent ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1242 bonum commune domus vel familiae; et monastica, quae est de his
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1243 quae pertinent ad bonum unius personae. Ergo pari ratione et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1244 prudentiae sunt species diversae secundum hanc diversitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1245 materiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1246 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 co."><a name="41005"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1247 "ref">[41005] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1248 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, species habituum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1249 diversificantur secundum diversitatem obiecti quae attenditur penes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1250 rationem formalem ipsius. Ratio autem formalis omnium quae sunt ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1251 finem attenditur ex parte finis; sicut ex supradictis patet. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1252 ideo necesse est quod ex relatione ad diversos fines
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1253 diversificentur species habitus. Diversi autem fines sunt bonum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1254 proprium unius, et bonum familiae, et bonum civitatis et regni.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1255 Unde necesse est quod et prudentiae differant specie secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1256 differentiam horum finium, ut scilicet una sit prudentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1257 simpliciter dicta, quae ordinatur ad bonum proprium; alia autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1258 oeconomica, quae ordinatur ad bonum commune domus vel familiae; et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1259 tertia politica, quae ordinatur ad bonum commune civitatis vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1260 regni.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1261 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 ad 1"><a name="41006"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1262 "ref">[41006] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1263 ergo dicendum quod philosophus non intendit dicere quod politica
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1264 sit idem secundum substantiam habitus cuilibet prudentiae, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1265 prudentiae quae ordinatur ad bonum commune. Quae quidem prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1266 dicitur secundum communem rationem prudentiae, prout scilicet est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1267 quaedam recta ratio agibilium, dicitur autem politica secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1268 ordinem ad bonum commune.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1269 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 ad 2"><a name="41007"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1270 "ref">[41007] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1271 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus ibidem dicit, <i>ad bonum virum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1272 pertinet posse bene principari et bene subiici</i>. Et ideo in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1273 virtute boni viri includitur etiam virtus principis. Sed virtus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1274 principis et subditi differt specie, sicut etiam virtus viri et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1275 mulieris, ut ibidem dicitur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1276 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 11 ad 3"><a name="41008"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1277 "ref">[41008] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 11 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1278 dicendum quod etiam diversi fines quorum unus ordinatur ad alium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1279 diversificant speciem habitus, sicut equestris et militaris et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1280 civilis differunt specie, licet finis unius ordinetur ad finem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1281 alterius. Et similiter, licet bonum unius ordinetur ad bonum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1282 multitudinis, tamen hoc non impedit quin talis diversitas faciat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1283 habitus differre specie. Sed ex hoc sequitur quod habitus qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1284 ordinatur ad finem ultimum sit principalior, et imperet aliis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1285 habitibus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1286 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1287 <div class="E">Articulus 12</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1288 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 arg. 1"><a name="41009"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1289 "ref">[41009] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1290 duodecimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non sit in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1291 subditis, sed solum in principibus. Dicit enim philosophus, in III
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1292 Polit., quod <i>prudentia sola est propria virtus principis, aliae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1293 autem virtutes sunt communes subditorum et principum. Subditi autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1294 non est virtus prudentia, sed opinio vera</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1295 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 arg. 2"><a name="41010"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1296 "ref">[41010] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 arg. 2</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1297 Praeterea, in I Polit. dicitur quod <i>servus omnino non habet quid
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1298 consiliativum</i>. Sed prudentia facit bene consiliativos; ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1299 dicitur in VI Ethic. Ergo prudentia non competit servis, seu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1300 subditis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1301 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 arg. 3"><a name="41011"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1302 "ref">[41011] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 arg. 3</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1303 Praeterea, prudentia est praeceptiva, ut supra dictum est. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1304 praecipere non pertinet ad servos vel subditos, sed solum ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1305 principes. Ergo prudentia non est in subditis, sed solum in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1306 principibus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1307 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 s. c."><a name="41012"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1308 "ref">[41012] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1309 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod prudentiae politicae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1310 sunt duae species, una quae est legum positiva, quae pertinet ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1311 principes; alia quae retinet commune nomen politicae, quae est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1312 circa singularia. Huiusmodi autem singularia peragere pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1313 etiam ad subditos. Ergo prudentia non solum est principum, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1314 etiam subditorum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1315 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 co."><a name="41013"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1316 "ref">[41013] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1317 dicendum quod prudentia in ratione est. Regere autem et gubernare
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1318 proprie rationis est. Et ideo unusquisque inquantum participat de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1319 regimine et gubernatione, intantum convenit sibi habere rationem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1320 prudentiam. Manifestum est autem quod subditi inquantum est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1321 subditus, et servi inquantum est servus, non est regere et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1322 gubernare, sed magis regi et gubernari. Et ideo prudentia non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1323 virtus servi inquantum est servus, nec subditi inquantum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1324 subditus. Sed quia quilibet homo, inquantum est rationalis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1325 participat aliquid de regimine secundum arbitrium rationis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1326 intantum convenit ei prudentiam habere. Unde manifestum est quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1327 prudentia quidem in principe est ad modum artis architectonicae, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1328 dicitur in VI Ethic., in subditis autem ad modum artis manu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1329 operantis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1330 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 ad 1"><a name="41014"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1331 "ref">[41014] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1332 ergo dicendum quod verbum philosophi est intelligendum per se
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1333 loquendo, quia scilicet virtus prudentiae non est virtus subditi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1334 inquantum huiusmodi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1335 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 ad 2"><a name="41015"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1336 "ref">[41015] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1337 dicendum quod servus non habet consiliativum inquantum est servus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1338 sic enim est instrumentum domini. Est tamen consiliativus inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1339 est animal rationale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1340 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 12 ad 3"><a name="41016"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1341 "ref">[41016] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 12 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1342 dicendum quod per prudentiam homo non solum praecipit aliis, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1343 etiam sibi ipsi, prout scilicet ratio dicitur praecipere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1344 inferioribus viribus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1345 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1346 <div class="E">Articulus 13</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1347 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 arg. 1"><a name="41017"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1348 "ref">[41017] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1349 decimumtertium sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia possit esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1350 in peccatoribus. Dicit enim dominus, Luc. XVI, <i>filii huius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1351 saeculi prudentiores filiis lucis in generatione sua sunt</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1352 filii huius saeculi sunt peccatores. Ergo in peccatoribus potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1353 esse prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1354 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 arg. 2"><a name="41018"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1355 "ref">[41018] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 arg. 2</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1356 Praeterea, fides est nobilior virtus quam prudentia. Sed fides
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1357 potest esse in peccatoribus. Ergo et prudentia.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1358 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 arg. 3"><a name="41019"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1359 "ref">[41019] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1360 Praeterea, prudentis hoc opus maxime dicimus, bene consiliari; ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1361 dicitur in VI Ethic. Sed multi peccatores sunt boni consilii. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1362 multi peccatores habent prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1363 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 s. c."><a name="41020"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1364 "ref">[41020] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1365 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>impossibile prudentem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1366 esse non entem bonum</i>. Sed nullus peccator est bonus. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1367 nullus peccator est prudens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1368 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 co."><a name="41021"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1369 "ref">[41021] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1370 dicendum quod prudentia dicitur tripliciter. Est enim quaedam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1371 prudentia falsa, vel per similitudinem dicta. Cum enim prudens sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1372 qui bene disponit ea quae sunt agenda propter aliquem bonum finem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1373 ille qui propter malum finem aliqua disponit congruentia illi fini
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1374 habet falsam prudentiam, inquantum illud quod accipit pro fine non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1375 est vere bonum, sed secundum similitudinem, sicut dicitur aliquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1376 bonus latro. Hoc enim modo potest secundum similitudinem dici
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1377 prudens latro qui convenientes vias adinvenit ad latrocinandum. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1378 huiusmodi est prudentia de qua apostolus dicit, ad Rom. VIII,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1379 <i>prudentia carnis mors est</i>, quae scilicet finem ultimum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1380 constituit in delectatione carnis. Secunda autem prudentia est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1381 quidem vera, quia adinvenit vias accommodatas ad finem vere bonum;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1382 sed est imperfecta, duplici ratione. Uno modo, quia illud bonum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1383 quod accipit pro fine non est communis finis totius humanae vitae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1384 sed alicuius specialis negotii, puta cum aliquis adinvenit vias
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1385 accommodatas ad negotiandum vel ad navigandum, dicitur prudens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1386 negotiator vel nauta. Alio modo, quia deficit in principali actu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1387 prudentiae, puta cum aliquis bene consiliatur et recte iudicat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1388 etiam de his quae pertinent ad totam vitam, sed non efficaciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1389 praecipit. Tertia autem prudentia est et vera et perfecta, quae ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1390 bonum finem totius vitae recte consiliatur, iudicat et praecipit.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1391 Et haec sola dicitur prudentia simpliciter. Quae in peccatoribus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1392 esse non potest. Prima autem prudentia est in solis peccatoribus.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1393 Prudentia autem imperfecta est communis bonis et malis, maxime illa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1394 quae est imperfecta propter finem particularem. Nam illa quae est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1395 imperfecta propter defectum principalis actus etiam non est nisi in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1396 malis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1397 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 ad 1"><a name="41022"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1398 "ref">[41022] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1399 ergo dicendum quod illud verbum domini intelligitur de prima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1400 prudentia. Unde non dicitur simpliciter quod sint prudentes; sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1401 quod sint prudentes in generatione sua.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1402 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 ad 2"><a name="41023"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1403 "ref">[41023] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1404 dicendum quod fides in sui ratione non importat aliquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1405 conformitatem ad appetitum rectorum operum, sed ratio fidei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1406 consistit in sola cognitione. Sed prudentia importat ordinem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1407 appetitum rectum. Tum quia principia prudentiae sunt fines
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1408 operabilium, de quibus aliquis habet rectam aestimationem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1409 habitus virtutum moralium, quae faciunt appetitum rectum, unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1410 prudentia non potest esse sine virtutibus moralibus, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1411 ostensum est. Tum etiam quia prudentia est praeceptiva rectorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1412 operum, quod non contingit nisi existente appetitu recto. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1413 fides licet sit nobilior quam prudentia propter obiectum, tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1414 prudentia secundum sui rationem magis repugnat peccato, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1415 procedit ex perversitate appetitus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1416 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 13 ad 3"><a name="41024"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1417 "ref">[41024] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 13 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1418 dicendum quod peccatores possunt quidem esse bene consiliativi ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1419 aliquem finem malum, vel ad aliquod particulare bonum, ad finem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1420 autem bonum totius vitae non sunt bene consiliativi perfecte, quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1421 consilium ad effectum non perducunt. Unde non est in eis prudentia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1422 quae se habet solum ad bonum, sed sicut philosophus dicit, in VI
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1423 Ethic., est in talibus deinotica idest naturalis industria, quae se
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1424 habet ad bonum et ad malum; vel astutia, quae se habet solum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1425 malum, quam supra diximus falsam prudentiam vel prudentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1426 carnis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1427 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1428 <div class="E">Articulus 14</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1429 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 arg. 1"><a name="41025"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1430 "ref">[41025] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1431 decimumquartum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia non sit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1432 omnibus habentibus gratiam. Ad prudentiam enim requiritur industria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1433 quaedam, per quam sciant bene providere quae agenda sunt. Sed multi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1434 habentes gratiam carent tali industria. Ergo non omnes habentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1435 gratiam habent prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1436 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 arg. 2"><a name="41026"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1437 "ref">[41026] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 arg. 2</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1438 Praeterea, prudens dicitur qui est bene consiliativus, ut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1439 est. Sed multi habent gratiam qui non sunt bene consiliativi, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1440 necesse habent regi consilio alieno. Ergo non omnes habentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1441 gratiam habent prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1442 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 arg. 3"><a name="41027"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1443 "ref">[41027] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1444 Praeterea, philosophus dicit, in III Topic., quod <i>iuvenes non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1445 constat esse prudentes</i>. Sed multi iuvenes habent gratiam. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1446 prudentia non invenitur in omnibus gratiam habentibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1447 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 s. c."><a name="41028"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1448 "ref">[41028] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1449 est quod nullus habet gratiam nisi sit virtuosus. Sed nullus potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1450 esse virtuosus nisi habeat prudentiam, dicit enim Gregorius, in II
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1451 Moral., quod <i>ceterae virtutes, nisi ea quae appetunt prudenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1452 agant, virtutes esse nequaquam possunt</i>. Ergo omnes habentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1453 gratiam habent prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1454 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 co."><a name="41029"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1455 "ref">[41029] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1456 dicendum quod necesse est virtutes esse connexas, ita ut qui unam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1457 habet omnes habeat, ut supra ostensum est. Quicumque autem habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1458 gratiam habet caritatem. Unde necesse est quod habeat omnes alias
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1459 virtutes. Et ita, cum prudentia sit virtus, ut ostensum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1460 necesse est quod habeat prudentiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1461 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 ad 1"><a name="41030"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1462 "ref">[41030] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1463 ergo dicendum quod duplex est industria. Una quidem quae est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1464 sufficiens ad ea quae sunt de necessitate salutis. Et talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1465 industria datur omnibus habentibus gratiam, quos unctio docet de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1466 omnibus, ut dicitur I Ioan. II. Est autem alia industria plenior,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1467 per quam aliquis sibi et aliis potest providere, non solum de his
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1468 quae sunt necessaria ad salutem sed etiam de quibuscumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1469 pertinentibus ad humanam vitam. Et talis industria non est in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1470 omnibus habentibus gratiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1471 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 ad 2"><a name="41031"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1472 "ref">[41031] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1473 dicendum quod illi qui indigent regi consilio alieno saltem in hoc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1474 sibi ipsis consulere sciunt, si gratiam habent, ut aliorum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1475 requirant consilia, et discernant consilia bona a malis.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1476 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 14 ad 3"><a name="41032"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1477 "ref">[41032] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 14 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1478 dicendum quod prudentia acquisita causatur ex exercitio actuum,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1479 unde <i>indiget ad sui generationem experimento et tempore</i>, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1480 dicitur in II Ethic. Unde non potest esse in iuvenibus nec secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1481 habitum nec secundum actum. Sed prudentia gratuita causatur ex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1482 infusione divina. Unde in pueris baptizatis nondum habentibus usum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1483 rationis est prudentia secundum habitum, sed non secundum actum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1484 sicut et in amentibus. In his autem qui iam habent usum rationis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1485 est etiam secundum actum quantum ad ea quae sunt de necessitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1486 salutis, sed per exercitium meretur augmentum quousque perficiatur,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1487 sicut et ceterae virtutes. Unde et apostolus dicit, ad Heb. V, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1488 <i>perfectorum est solidus cibus, qui pro consuetudine exercitatos
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1489 habent sensus ad discretionem boni et mali</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1490 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1491 <div class="E">Articulus 15</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1492 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 arg. 1"><a name="41033"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1493 "ref">[41033] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1494 decimumquintum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia insit nobis a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1495 natura. Dicit enim philosophus, in VI Ethic., quod ea quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1496 pertinent ad prudentiam naturalia videntur esse, scilicet synesis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1497 gnome et huiusmodi, non autem ea quae pertinent ad sapientiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1498 speculativam. Sed eorum quae sunt unius generis eadem est originis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1499 ratio. Ergo etiam prudentia inest nobis a natura.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1500 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 arg. 2"><a name="41034"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1501 "ref">[41034] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 arg. 2</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1502 Praeterea, aetatum variatio est secundum naturam. Sed prudentia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1503 consequitur aetates, secundum illud Iob XII, <i>in antiquis est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1504 sapientia, et in multo tempore prudentia</i>. Ergo prudentia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1505 naturalis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1506 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 arg. 3"><a name="41035"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1507 "ref">[41035] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 arg. 3</span></a>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1508 Praeterea, prudentia magis convenit naturae humanae quam naturae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1509 brutorum animalium. Sed bruta animalia habent quasdam naturales
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1510 prudentias; ut patet per philosophum, in VIII de historiis Animal.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1511 Ergo prudentia est naturalis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1512 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 s. c."><a name="41036"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1513 "ref">[41036] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1514 est quod philosophus dicit, in II Ethic., quod <i>virtus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1515 intellectualis plurimum ex doctrina habet et generationem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1516 augmentum, ideo experimento indiget et tempore</i>. Sed prudentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1517 est virtus intellectualis, ut supra habitum est. Ergo prudentia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1518 inest nobis a natura, sed ex doctrina et experimento.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1519 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 co."><a name="41037"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1520 "ref">[41037] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1521 dicendum quod, sicut ex praemissis patet, prudentia includit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1522 cognitionem et universalium et singularium operabilium, ad quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1523 prudens universalia principia applicat. Quantum igitur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1524 universalem cognitionem, eadem ratio est de prudentia et de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1525 scientia speculativa. Quia utriusque prima principia universalia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1526 sunt naturaliter nota, ut ex supradictis patet, nisi quod principia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1527 communia prudentiae sunt magis connaturalia homini; ut enim
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1528 philosophus dicit, in X Ethic., <i>vita quae est secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1529 speculationem est melior quam quae est secundum hominem</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1530 alia principia universalia posteriora, sive sint rationis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1531 speculativae sive practicae, non habentur per naturam, sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1532 inventionem secundum viam experimenti, vel per disciplinam. Quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1533 autem ad particularem cognitionem eorum circa quae operatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1534 consistit est iterum distinguendum. Quia operatio consistit circa
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1535 aliquid vel sicut circa finem; vel sicut circa ea quae sunt ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1536 finem. Fines autem recti humanae vitae sunt determinati. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1537 potest esse naturalis inclinatio respectu horum finium, sicut supra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1538 dictum est quod quidam habent ex naturali dispositione quasdam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1539 virtutes quibus inclinantur ad rectos fines, et per consequens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1540 etiam habent naturaliter rectum iudicium de huiusmodi finibus. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1541 ea quae sunt ad finem in rebus humanis non sunt determinata, sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1542 multipliciter diversificantur secundum diversitatem personarum et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1543 negotiorum. Unde quia inclinatio naturae semper est ad aliquid
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1544 determinatum, talis cognitio non potest homini inesse naturaliter,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1545 licet ex naturali dispositione unus sit aptior ad huiusmodi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1546 discernenda quam alius; sicut etiam accidit circa conclusiones
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1547 speculativarum scientiarum. Quia igitur prudentia non est circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1548 fines, sed circa ea quae sunt ad finem, ut supra habitum est; ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1549 prudentia non est naturalis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1550 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 ad 1"><a name="41038"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1551 "ref">[41038] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1552 ergo dicendum quod philosophus ibi loquitur de pertinentibus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1553 prudentiam secundum quod ordinantur ad fines, unde supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1554 praemiserat quod principia sunt eius quod est cuius gratia, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1555 finis. Et propter hoc non facit mentionem de eubulia, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1556 consiliativa eorum quae sunt ad finem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1557 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 ad 2"><a name="41039"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1558 "ref">[41039] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1559 dicendum quod prudentia magis est in senibus non solum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1560 naturalem dispositionem, quietatis motibus passionum sensibilium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1561 sed etiam propter experientiam longi temporis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1562 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 15 ad 3"><a name="41040"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1563 "ref">[41040] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 15 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1564 dicendum quod in brutis animalibus sunt determinatae viae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1565 perveniendi ad finem, unde videmus quod omnia animalia eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1566 speciei similiter operantur. Sed hoc non potest esse in homine,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1567 propter rationem eius, quae, cum sit cognoscitiva universalium, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1568 infinita singularia se extendit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1569 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1570 <div class="E">Articulus 16</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1571 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 arg. 1"><a name="41041"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1572 "ref">[41041] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1573 decimumsextum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia possit amitti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1574 per oblivionem. Scientia enim, cum sit necessariorum, est certior
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1575 quam prudentia, quae est contingentium operabilium. Sed scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1576 amittitur per oblivionem. Ergo multo magis prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1577 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 arg. 2"><a name="41042"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1578 "ref">[41042] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 arg. 2</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1579 Praeterea, sicut philosophus dicit, in II Ethic., <i>virtus ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1580 eisdem generatur et corrumpitur contrario modo factis</i>. Sed ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1581 generationem prudentiae necessarium est experimentum, quod fit ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1582 multis memoriis, ut dicitur in principio Metaphys. Ergo, cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1583 oblivio memoriae opponatur, videtur quod prudentia per oblivionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1584 possit amitti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1585 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 arg. 3"><a name="41043"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1586 "ref">[41043] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 arg. 3</span></a>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1587 Praeterea, prudentia non est sine cognitione universalium. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1588 universalium cognitio potest per oblivionem amitti. Ergo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1589 prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1590 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 s. c."><a name="41044"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1591 "ref">[41044] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1592 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod <i>oblivio est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1593 artis, et non prudentiae</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1594 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 co."><a name="41045"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1595 "ref">[41045] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1596 dicendum quod oblivio respicit cognitionem tantum. Et ideo per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1597 oblivionem potest aliquis artem totaliter perdere, et similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1598 scientiam, quae in ratione consistunt. Sed prudentia non consistit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1599 in sola cognitione, sed etiam in appetitu, quia ut dictum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1600 principalis eius actus est praecipere, quod est applicare
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1601 cognitionem habitam ad appetendum et operandum. Et ideo prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1602 non directe tollitur per oblivionem, sed magis corrumpitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1603 passiones, dicit enim philosophus, in VI Ethic., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1604 <i>delectabile et triste pervertit existimationem prudentiae</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1605 Unde Dan. XIII dicitur, <i>species decepit te, et concupiscentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1606 subvertit cor tuum</i>; et Exod. XXIII dicitur, <i>ne accipias
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1607 munera, quae excaecant etiam prudentes</i>. Oblivio tamen potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1608 impedire prudentiam, inquantum procedit ad praecipiendum ex aliqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1609 cognitione, quae per oblivionem tolli potest.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1610 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 ad 1"><a name="41046"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1611 "ref">[41046] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1612 ergo dicendum quod scientia est in sola ratione. Unde de ea est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1613 alia ratio, ut supra dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1614 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 ad 2"><a name="41047"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1615 "ref">[41047] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1616 dicendum quod experimentum prudentiae non acquiritur ex sola
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1617 memoria, sed ex exercitio recte praecipiendi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1618 <p title="II-II q. 47 a. 16 ad 3"><a name="41048"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1619 "ref">[41048] II&ordf;-IIae q. 47 a. 16 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1620 dicendum quod prudentia principaliter consistit non in cognitione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1621 universalium, sed in applicatione ad opera, ut dictum est. Et ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1622 oblivio universalis cognitionis non corrumpit id quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1623 principale in prudentia, sed aliquid impedimentum ei affert, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1624 dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1625 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1626 <div class="D">Quaestio 48</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1627 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1628 <p title="II-II q. 48 pr."><a name="41049"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1629 "ref">[41049] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 pr.</span></a> Deinde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1630 considerandum est de partibus prudentiae. Et circa hoc quaeruntur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1631 quatuor, primo, quae sint partes prudentiae; secundo, de partibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1632 quasi integralibus eius; tertio, de partibus subiectivis eius;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1633 quarto, de partibus potentialibus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1634 <p title="II-II q. 48 arg. 1"><a name="41050"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1635 "ref">[41050] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1636 proceditur. Videtur quod inconvenienter assignentur partes
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diff changeset
1637 prudentiae. Tullius enim, in II Rhet., ponit tres partes
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diff changeset
1638 prudentiae, scilicet memoriam, intelligentiam et providentiam.
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diff changeset
1639 Macrobius autem, secundum sententiam Plotini, attribuit prudentiae
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diff changeset
1640 sex, scilicet rationem, intellectum, circumspectionem,
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diff changeset
1641 providentiam, docilitatem et cautionem. Aristoteles autem, in VI
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diff changeset
1642 Ethic., dicit ad prudentiam pertinere eubuliam, synesim et gnomen.
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diff changeset
1643 Facit etiam mentionem circa prudentiam de Eustochia et solertia,
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diff changeset
1644 sensu et intellectu. Quidam autem alius philosophus Graecus dicit
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diff changeset
1645 quod ad prudentiam decem pertinent, scilicet eubulia, solertia,
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diff changeset
1646 providentia, regnativa, militaris, politica, oeconomica,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1647 dialectica, rhetorica, physica. Ergo videtur quod vel una
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diff changeset
1648 assignatio sit superflua, vel alia diminuta.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1649 <p title="II-II q. 48 arg. 2"><a name="41051"><span class=
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diff changeset
1650 "ref">[41051] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1651 prudentia dividitur contra scientiam. Sed politica, oeconomica,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1652 dialectica, rhetorica, physica sunt quaedam scientiae. Non ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1653 sunt partes prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1654 <p title="II-II q. 48 arg. 3"><a name="41052"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1655 "ref">[41052] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1656 partes non excedunt totum. Sed memoria intellectiva, vel
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diff changeset
1657 intelligentia, ratio, sensus et docilitas non solum pertinent ad
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diff changeset
1658 prudentiam, sed etiam ad omnes habitus cognoscitivos. Ergo non
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diff changeset
1659 debent poni partes prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1660 <p title="II-II q. 48 arg. 4"><a name="41053"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1661 "ref">[41053] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1662 sicut consiliari et iudicare et praecipere sunt actus rationis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1663 practicae, ita etiam et uti, sicut supra habitum est. Sicut ergo
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diff changeset
1664 eubulia adiungitur prudentiae, quae pertinet ad consilium, et
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diff changeset
1665 synesis et gnome, quae pertinent ad iudicium; ita etiam debuit poni
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1666 aliquid pertinens ad usum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1667 <p title="II-II q. 48 arg. 5"><a name="41054"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1668 "ref">[41054] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1669 sollicitudo ad prudentiam pertinet, sicut supra habitum est. Ergo
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diff changeset
1670 etiam inter partes prudentiae sollicitudo poni debuit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1671 <p title="II-II q. 48 co."><a name="41055"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1672 "ref">[41055] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
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diff changeset
1673 quod triplex est pars, scilicet integralis, ut paries, tectum et
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diff changeset
1674 fundamentum sunt partes domus; subiectiva, sicut bos et leo sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1675 partes animalis; et potentialis, sicut nutritivum et sensitivum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1676 sunt partes animae. Tribus ergo modis possunt assignari partes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1677 alicui virtuti. Uno modo, ad similitudinem partium integralium, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1678 scilicet illa dicantur esse partes virtutis alicuius quae necesse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1679 est concurrere ad perfectum actum virtutis illius. Et sic ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1680 omnibus enumeratis possunt accipi octo partes prudentiae, scilicet
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diff changeset
1681 sex quas enumerat Macrobius; quibus addenda est septima, scilicet
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diff changeset
1682 memoria, quam ponit Tullius; et Eustochia sive solertia, quam ponit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1683 Aristoteles (nam sensus prudentiae etiam intellectus dicitur, unde
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diff changeset
1684 philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>horum igitur oportet habere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1685 sensum, hic autem est intellectus</i>). Quorum octo quinque
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1686 pertinent ad prudentiam secundum id quod est cognoscitiva, scilicet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1687 memoria, ratio, intellectus, docilitas et solertia, tria vero alia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1688 pertinent ad eam secundum quod est praeceptiva, applicando
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diff changeset
1689 cognitionem ad opus, scilicet providentia, circumspectio et cautio.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1690 Quorum diversitatis ratio patet ex hoc quod circa cognitionem tria
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1691 sunt consideranda. Primo quidem, ipsa cognitio. Quae si sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1692 praeteritorum, est memoria, si autem praesentium, sive
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1693 contingentium sive necessariorum, vocatur intellectus sive
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1694 intelligentia. Secundo, ipsa cognitionis acquisitio. Quae fit vel
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1695 per disciplinam, et ad hoc pertinet docilitas, vel per inventionem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1696 et ad hoc pertinet Eustochia, quae est bona coniecturatio. Huius
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diff changeset
1697 autem pars, ut dicitur in VI Ethic., est solertia, quae est velox
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1698 coniecturatio medii, ut dicitur in I Poster. Tertio considerandus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1699 est usus cognitionis, secundum scilicet quod ex cognitis aliquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1700 procedit ad alia cognoscenda vel iudicanda. Et hoc pertinet ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1701 rationem. Ratio autem, ad hoc quod recte praecipiat, tria debet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1702 habere. Primo quidem, ut ordinet aliquid accommodum ad finem, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1703 hoc pertinet ad providentiam. Secundo, ut attendat circumstantias
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1704 negotii, quod pertinet ad circumspectionem. Tertio, ut vitet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1705 impedimenta, quod pertinet ad cautionem. Partes autem subiectivae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1706 virtutis dicuntur species eius diversae. Et hoc modo partes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1707 prudentiae, secundum quod proprie sumuntur, sunt prudentia per quam
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diff changeset
1708 aliquis regit seipsum, et prudentia per quam aliquis regit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1709 multitudinem, quae differunt specie, ut dictum est, et iterum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1710 prudentia quae est multitudinis regitiva dividitur in diversas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1711 species secundum diversas species multitudinis. Est autem quaedam
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diff changeset
1712 multitudo adunata ad aliquod speciale negotium, sicut exercitus
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diff changeset
1713 congregatur ad pugnandum, cuius regitiva est prudentia militaris.
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diff changeset
1714 Quaedam vero multitudo est adunata ad totam vitam, sicut multitudo
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diff changeset
1715 unius domus vel familiae, cuius regitiva est prudentia oeconomica;
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diff changeset
1716 et multitudo unius civitatis vel regni, cuius quidem directiva est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1717 in principe regnativa, in subditis autem politica simpliciter
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diff changeset
1718 dicta. Si vero prudentia sumatur large, secundum quod includit
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diff changeset
1719 etiam scientiam speculativam, ut supra dictum est; tunc etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1720 partes eius ponuntur dialectica, rhetorica et physica, secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1721 tres modos procedendi in scientiis. Quorum unus est per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1722 demonstrationem ad scientiam causandam, quod pertinet ad physicam;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1723 ut sub physica intelligantur omnes scientiae demonstrativae. Alius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1724 modus est ex probabilibus ad opinionem faciendam, quod pertinet ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1725 dialecticam. Tertius modus est ex quibusdam coniecturis ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1726 suspicionem inducendam, vel ad aliqualiter persuadendum, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1727 pertinet ad rhetoricam. Potest tamen dici quod haec tria pertinent
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diff changeset
1728 ad prudentiam etiam proprie dictam, quae ratiocinatur interdum
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diff changeset
1729 quidem ex necessariis, interdum ex probabilibus, interdum autem ex
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diff changeset
1730 quibusdam coniecturis. Partes autem potentiales alicuius virtutis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1731 dicuntur virtutes adiunctae quae ordinantur ad aliquos secundarios
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1732 actus vel materias, quasi non habentes totam potentiam principalis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1733 virtutis. Et secundum hoc ponuntur partes prudentiae eubulia, quae
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diff changeset
1734 est circa consilium; et synesis, quae est circa iudicium eorum quae
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diff changeset
1735 communiter accidunt; et gnome, quae est circa iudicium eorum in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1736 quibus oportet quandoque a communi lege recedere. Prudentia vero
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diff changeset
1737 est circa principalem actum, qui est praecipere.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1738 <p title="II-II q. 48 ad 1"><a name="41056"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1739 "ref">[41056] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1740 dicendum quod diversae assignationes differunt secundum quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1741 diversa genera partium ponuntur; vel secundum quod sub una parte
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1742 unius assignationis includuntur multae partes alterius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1743 assignationis. Sicut Tullius sub providentia includit cautionem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1744 circumspectionem; sub intelligentia autem rationem, docilitatem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1745 solertiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1746 <p title="II-II q. 48 ad 2"><a name="41057"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1747 "ref">[41057] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1748 dicendum quod oeconomica et politica non accipiuntur hic secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1749 quod sunt scientiae; sed secundum quod sunt prudentiae quaedam. De
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1750 aliis autem tribus patet responsio ex dictis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1751 <p title="II-II q. 48 ad 3"><a name="41058"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1752 "ref">[41058] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1753 dicendum quod omnia illa ponuntur partes prudentiae non secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1754 suam communitatem; sed secundum quod se habent ad ea quae pertinent
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1755 ad prudentiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1756 <p title="II-II q. 48 ad 4"><a name="41059"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1757 "ref">[41059] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1758 dicendum quod recte praecipere et recte uti semper se comitantur,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1759 quia ad praeceptum rationis sequitur obedientia inferiorum virium,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1760 quae pertinent ad usum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1761 <p title="II-II q. 48 ad 5"><a name="41060"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1762 "ref">[41060] II&ordf;-IIae q. 48 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1763 dicendum quod sollicitudo includitur in ratione providentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1764 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1765 <div class="D">Quaestio 49</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1766 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1767 <p title="II-II q. 49 pr."><a name="41061"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1768 "ref">[41061] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 pr.</span></a> Deinde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1769 considerandum est de singulis prudentiae partibus quasi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1770 integralibus. Et circa hoc quaeruntur octo. Primo, de memoria.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1771 Secundo, de intellectu vel intelligentia. Tertio, de docilitate.
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diff changeset
1772 Quarto, de solertia. Quinto, de ratione. Sexto, de providentia.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1773 Septimo, de circumspectione. Octavo, de cautione.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1774 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1775 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1776 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41062"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1777 "ref">[41062] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1778 sic proceditur. Videtur quod memoria non sit pars prudentiae.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1779 Memoria enim, ut probat philosophus, est in parte animae sensitiva.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1780 Prudentia autem est in ratiocinativa; ut patet in VI Ethic. Ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1781 memoria non est pars prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1782 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41063"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1783 "ref">[41063] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1784 prudentia per exercitium acquiritur et proficit. Sed memoria inest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1785 nobis a natura. Ergo memoria non est pars prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1786 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41064"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1787 "ref">[41064] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1788 memoria est praeteritorum. Prudentia autem futurorum operabilium,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1789 de quibus est consilium, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Ergo memoria non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1790 est pars prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1791 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41065"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1792 "ref">[41065] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1793 est quod Tullius, in II Rhet., ponit memoriam inter partes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1794 prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1795 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 co."><a name="41066"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1796 "ref">[41066] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1797 dicendum quod prudentia est circa contingentia operabilia, sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1798 dictum est. In his autem non potest homo dirigi per ea quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1799 simpliciter et ex necessitate vera, sed ex his quae ut in pluribus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1800 accidunt, oportet enim principia conclusionibus esse proportionata,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1801 et ex talibus talia concludere, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Quid autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1802 in pluribus sit verum oportet per experimentum considerare, unde et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1803 in II Ethic. philosophus dicit quod <i>virtus intellectualis habet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1804 generationem et augmentum ex experimento et tempore</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1805 Experimentum autem est ex pluribus memoriis; ut patet in I
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1806 Metaphys. Unde consequens est quod ad prudentiam requiritur plurium
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diff changeset
1807 memoriam habere. Unde convenienter memoria ponitur pars
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1808 prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1809 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41067"><span class=
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diff changeset
1810 "ref">[41067] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1811 ergo dicendum quod quia, sicut dictum est, prudentia applicat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1812 universalem cognitionem ad particularia, quorum est sensus, inde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1813 multa quae pertinent ad partem sensitivam requiruntur ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1814 prudentiam. Inter quae est memoria.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1815 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41068"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1816 "ref">[41068] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1817 dicendum quod sicut prudentia aptitudinem quidem habet ex natura,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1818 sed eius complementum est ex exercitio vel gratia ita etiam, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1819 Tullius dicit, in sua rhetorica, memoria non solum a natura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1820 proficiscitur, sed etiam habet plurimum artis et industriae. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1821 sunt quatuor per quae homo proficit in bene memorando. Quorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1822 primum est ut eorum quae vult memorari quasdam similitudines
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1823 assumat convenientes, nec tamen omnino consuetas, quia ea quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1824 inconsueta magis miramur, et sic in eis animus magis et vehementius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1825 detinetur; ex quo fit quod eorum quae in pueritia vidimus magis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1826 memoremur. Ideo autem necessaria est huiusmodi similitudinum vel
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1827 imaginum adinventio, quia intentiones simplices et spirituales
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1828 facilius ex anima elabuntur nisi quibusdam similitudinibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1829 corporalibus quasi alligentur, quia humana cognitio potentior est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1830 circa sensibilia. Unde et memorativa ponitur in parte sensitiva.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1831 Secundo, oportet ut homo ea quae memoriter vult tenere sua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1832 consideratione ordinate disponat, ut ex uno memorato facile ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1833 aliud procedatur. Unde philosophus dicit, in libro de Mem., <i>a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1834 locis videntur reminisci aliquando, causa autem est quia velociter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1835 ab alio in aliud veniunt</i>. Tertio, oportet ut homo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1836 sollicitudinem apponat et affectum adhibeat ad ea quae vult
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1837 memorari, quia quo aliquid magis fuerit impressum animo, eo minus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1838 elabitur. Unde et Tullius dicit, in sua rhetorica, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1839 <i>sollicitudo conservat integras simulacrorum figuras</i>. Quarto,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1840 oportet quod ea frequenter meditemur quae volumus memorari. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1841 philosophus dicit, in libro de Mem., quod <i>meditationes memoriam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1842 salvant</i>, quia, ut in eodem libro dicitur, consuetudo est quasi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1843 natura; unde quae multoties intelligimus cito reminiscimur, quasi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1844 naturali quodam ordine ab uno ad aliud procedentes.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1845 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41069"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1846 "ref">[41069] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1847 dicendum quod ex praeteritis oportet nos quasi argumentum sumere de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1848 futuris. Et ideo memoria praeteritorum necessaria est ad bene
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1849 consiliandum de futuris.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1850 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1851 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1852 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41070"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1853 "ref">[41070] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1854 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod intellectus non sit pars
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1855 prudentiae. Eorum enim quae ex opposito dividuntur unum non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1856 pars alterius. Sed intellectus ponitur virtus intellectualis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1857 condivisa prudentiae, ut patet in VI Ethic. Ergo intellectus non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1858 debet poni pars prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1859 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41071"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1860 "ref">[41071] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1861 intellectus ponitur inter dona spiritus sancti, et correspondet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1862 fidei, ut supra habitum est. Sed prudentia est alia virtus a fide,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1863 ut per supradicta patet. Ergo intellectus non pertinet ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1864 prudentiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1865 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41072"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1866 "ref">[41072] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1867 prudentia est singularium operabilium, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1868 intellectus est universalium cognoscitivus et immaterialium; ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1869 patet in III de anima. Ergo intellectus non est pars
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1870 prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1871 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41073"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1872 "ref">[41073] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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diff changeset
1873 est quod Tullius ponit intelligentiam partem prudentiae, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1874 Macrobius intellectum, quod in idem redit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1875 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 co."><a name="41074"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1876 "ref">[41074] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1877 dicendum quod intellectus non sumitur hic pro potentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1878 intellectiva, sed prout importat quandam rectam aestimationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1879 alicuius extremi principii quod accipitur ut per se notum, sicut et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1880 prima demonstrationum principia intelligere dicimur. Omnis autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1881 deductio rationis ab aliquibus procedit quae accipiuntur ut prima.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1882 Unde oportet quod omnis processus rationis ab aliquo intellectu
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diff changeset
1883 procedat. Quia igitur prudentia est recta ratio agibilium, ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1884 necesse est quod totus processus prudentiae ab intellectu
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diff changeset
1885 derivetur. Et propter hoc intellectus ponitur pars prudentiae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1886 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41075"><span class=
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diff changeset
1887 "ref">[41075] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
1888 ergo dicendum quod ratio prudentiae terminatur, sicut ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1889 conclusionem quandam, ad particulare operabile, ad quod applicat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1890 universalem cognitionem, ut ex dictis patet. Conclusio autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1891 singularis syllogizatur ex universali et singulari propositione.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1892 Unde oportet quod ratio prudentiae ex duplici intellectu procedat.
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diff changeset
1893 Quorum unus est qui est cognoscitivus universalium. Quod pertinet
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diff changeset
1894 ad intellectum qui ponitur virtus intellectualis, quia naturaliter
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diff changeset
1895 nobis cognita sunt non solum universalia principia speculativa, sed
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diff changeset
1896 etiam practica, sicut nulli esse malefaciendum, ut ex dictis patet.
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diff changeset
1897 Alius autem intellectus est qui, ut dicitur in VI Ethic., est
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diff changeset
1898 cognoscitivus extremi, idest alicuius primi singularis et
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diff changeset
1899 contingentis operabilis, propositionis scilicet minoris, quam
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diff changeset
1900 oportet esse singularem in syllogismo prudentiae, ut dictum est.
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diff changeset
1901 Hoc autem primum singulare est aliquis singularis finis, ut ibidem
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diff changeset
1902 dicitur. Unde intellectus qui ponitur pars prudentiae est quaedam
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diff changeset
1903 recta aestimatio de aliquo particulari fine.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1904 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41076"><span class=
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diff changeset
1905 "ref">[41076] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1906 dicendum quod intellectus qui ponitur donum spiritus sancti est
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diff changeset
1907 quaedam acuta perspectio divinorum, ut ex supradictis patet. Aliter
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diff changeset
1908 autem ponitur intellectus pars prudentiae, ut dictum est.</p>
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diff changeset
1909 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41077"><span class=
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diff changeset
1910 "ref">[41077] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1911 dicendum quod ipsa recta aestimatio de fine particulari et
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diff changeset
1912 intellectus dicitur, inquantum est alicuius principii; et sensus,
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diff changeset
1913 inquantum est particularis. Et hoc est quod philosophus dicit, in
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diff changeset
1914 VI Ethic., horum, scilicet singularium, oportet habere sensum, hic
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diff changeset
1915 autem est intellectus. Non autem hoc est intelligendum de sensu
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diff changeset
1916 particulari quo cognoscimus propria sensibilia, sed de sensu
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diff changeset
1917 interiori quo de particulari iudicamus.</p>
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diff changeset
1918 <br />
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diff changeset
1919 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
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diff changeset
1920 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41078"><span class=
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diff changeset
1921 "ref">[41078] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1922 sic proceditur. Videtur quod docilitas non debeat poni pars
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diff changeset
1923 prudentiae. Illud enim quod requiritur ad omnem virtutem
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diff changeset
1924 intellectualem non debet appropriari alicui earum. Sed docilitas
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diff changeset
1925 necessaria est ad quamlibet virtutem intellectualem. Ergo non debet
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diff changeset
1926 poni pars prudentiae.</p>
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diff changeset
1927 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41079"><span class=
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diff changeset
1928 "ref">[41079] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1929 ea quae ad virtutes humanas pertinent sunt in nobis, quia secundum
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diff changeset
1930 ea quae in nobis sunt laudamur vel vituperamur. Sed non est in
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diff changeset
1931 potestate nostra quod dociles simus, sed hoc ex naturali
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diff changeset
1932 dispositione quibusdam contingit. Ergo non est pars prudentiae.</p>
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diff changeset
1933 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41080"><span class=
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diff changeset
1934 "ref">[41080] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1935 docilitas ad discipulum pertinet. Sed prudentia, cum sit
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diff changeset
1936 praeceptiva, magis videtur ad magistros pertinere, qui etiam
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diff changeset
1937 praeceptores dicuntur. Ergo docilitas non est pars prudentiae.</p>
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diff changeset
1938 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41081"><span class=
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diff changeset
1939 "ref">[41081] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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diff changeset
1940 est quod Macrobius, secundum sententiam Plotini, ponit docilitatem
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diff changeset
1941 inter partes prudentiae.</p>
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diff changeset
1942 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 co."><a name="41082"><span class=
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diff changeset
1943 "ref">[41082] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1944 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, prudentia consistit circa
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diff changeset
1945 particularia operabilia. In quibus cum sint quasi infinitae
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diff changeset
1946 diversitates, non possunt ab uno homine sufficienter omnia
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diff changeset
1947 considerari, nec per modicum tempus, sed per temporis
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diff changeset
1948 diuturnitatem. Unde in his quae ad prudentiam pertinent maxime
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diff changeset
1949 indiget homo ab alio erudiri, et praecipue ex senibus, qui sanum
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diff changeset
1950 intellectum adepti sunt circa fines operabilium. Unde philosophus
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diff changeset
1951 dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>oportet attendere expertorum et seniorum et
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diff changeset
1952 prudentium indemonstrabilibus enuntiationibus et opinionibus non
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diff changeset
1953 minus quam demonstrationibus, propter experientiam enim vident
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diff changeset
1954 principia</i>. Unde et Prov. III dicitur, <i>ne innitaris
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diff changeset
1955 prudentiae tuae</i>; et Eccli. VI dicitur, <i>in multitudine
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diff changeset
1956 presbyterorum, idest seniorum, prudentium sta, et sapientiae
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diff changeset
1957 illorum ex corde coniungere</i>. Hoc autem pertinet ad docilitatem,
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diff changeset
1958 ut aliquis sit bene disciplinae susceptivus. Et ideo convenienter
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diff changeset
1959 ponitur docilitas pars prudentiae.</p>
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diff changeset
1960 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41083"><span class=
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diff changeset
1961 "ref">[41083] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
1962 ergo dicendum quod etsi docilitas utilis sit ad quamlibet virtutem
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diff changeset
1963 intellectualem, praecipue tamen ad prudentiam, ratione iam
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diff changeset
1964 dicta.</p>
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diff changeset
1965 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41084"><span class=
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diff changeset
1966 "ref">[41084] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1967 dicendum quod docilitas, sicut et alia quae ad prudentiam
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diff changeset
1968 pertinent, secundum aptitudinem quidem est a natura, sed ad eius
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diff changeset
1969 consummationem plurimum valet humanum studium, dum scilicet homo
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diff changeset
1970 sollicite, frequenter et reverenter applicat animum suum documentis
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diff changeset
1971 maiorum, non negligens ea propter ignaviam, nec contemnens propter
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diff changeset
1972 superbiam.</p>
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diff changeset
1973 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41085"><span class=
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diff changeset
1974 "ref">[41085] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1975 dicendum quod per prudentiam aliquis praecipit non solum aliis, sed
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diff changeset
1976 etiam sibi ipsi, ut dictum est. Unde etiam in subditis locum habet,
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diff changeset
1977 ut supra dictum est, ad quorum prudentiam pertinet docilitas.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1978 Quamvis etiam ipsos maiores oporteat dociles quantum ad aliqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1979 esse, quia nullus in his quae subsunt prudentiae sibi quantum ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1980 omnia sufficit, ut dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1981 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1982 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1983 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="41086"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1984 "ref">[41086] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1985 sic proceditur. Videtur quod solertia non sit pars prudentiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1986 Solertia enim se habet ad facile invenienda media in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1987 demonstrationibus; ut patet in I Poster. Sed ratio prudentiae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1988 est demonstrativa, cum sit contingentium. Ergo ad prudentiam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1989 pertinet solertia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1990 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="41087"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1991 "ref">[41087] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1992 ad prudentiam pertinet bene consiliari, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1993 in bene consiliando non habet locum solertia, quae est Eustochia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1994 quaedam, idest bona coniecturatio, quae est sine ratione et velox;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1995 oportet autem consiliari tarde; ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1996 solertia non debet poni pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1997 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="41088"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1998 "ref">[41088] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1999 solertia, ut dictum est, est quaedam bona coniecturatio. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2000 coniecturis uti est proprie rhetorum. Ergo solertia magis pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2001 ad rhetoricam quam ad prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2002 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 s. c."><a name="41089"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2003 "ref">[41089] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2004 est quod Isidorus dicit, in libro Etymol., <i>sollicitus dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2005 quasi solers et citus</i>. Sed sollicitudo ad prudentiam pertinet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2006 ut supra dictum est. Ergo et solertia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2007 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 co."><a name="41090"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2008 "ref">[41090] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2009 dicendum quod prudentis est rectam aestimationem habere de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2010 operandis. Recta autem aestimatio sive opinio acquiritur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2011 operativis, sicut in speculativis, dupliciter, uno quidem modo, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2012 se inveniendo; alio modo, ab alio addiscendo. Sicut autem docilitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2013 ad hoc pertinet ut homo bene se habeat in acquirendo rectam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2014 opinionem ab alio; ita solertia ad hoc pertinet ut homo bene se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2015 habeat in acquirendo rectam existimationem per seipsum. Ita tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2016 ut solertia accipiatur pro Eustochia, cuius est pars. Nam Eustochia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2017 est bene coniecturativa de quibuscumque, solertia autem est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2018 <i>facilis et prompta coniecturatio circa inventionem medii</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2019 dicitur in I Poster. Tamen ille philosophus qui ponit solertiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2020 partem prudentiae, accipit eam communiter pro omni Eustochia, unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2021 dicit quod <i>solertia est habitus qui provenit ex repentino,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2022 inveniens quod convenit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2023 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="41091"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2024 "ref">[41091] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2025 ergo dicendum quod solertia non solum se habet circa inventionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2026 medii in demonstrativis, sed etiam in operativis, puta cum aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2027 videns aliquos amicos factos coniecturat eos esse inimicos eiusdem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2028 ut ibidem philosophus dicit. Et hoc modo solertia pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2029 prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2030 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="41092"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2031 "ref">[41092] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2032 dicendum quod philosophus veram rationem inducit in VI Ethic. ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2033 ostendendum quod eubulia, quae est bene consiliativa, non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2034 Eustochia, cuius laus est in veloci consideratione eius quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2035 oportet, potest autem esse aliquis bene consiliativus etiam si
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2036 diutius consilietur vel tardius. Nec tamen propter hoc excluditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2037 quin bona coniecturatio ad bene consiliandum valeat. Et quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2038 necessaria est, quando scilicet ex improviso occurrit aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2039 agendum. Et ideo solertia convenienter ponitur pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2040 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="41093"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2041 "ref">[41093] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2042 dicendum quod rhetorica etiam ratiocinatur circa operabilia. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2043 nihil prohibet idem ad rhetoricam et prudentiam pertinere. Et tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2044 coniecturatio hic non sumitur solum secundum quod pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2045 coniecturas quibus utuntur rhetores, sed secundum quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2046 quibuscumque dicitur homo coniicere veritatem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2047 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2048 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2049 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="41094"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2050 "ref">[41094] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2051 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ratio non debeat poni pars prudentiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2052 Subiectum enim accidentis non est pars eius. Sed prudentia est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2053 ratione sicut in subiecto, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Ergo ratio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2054 debet poni pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2055 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="41095"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2056 "ref">[41095] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2057 illud quod est multis commune non debet alicuius eorum poni pars,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2058 vel, si ponatur, debet poni pars eius cui potissime convenit. Ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2059 autem necessaria est in omnibus virtutibus intellectualibus, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2060 praecipue in sapientia et scientia, quae utuntur ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2061 demonstrativa. Ergo ratio non debet poni pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2062 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="41096"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2063 "ref">[41096] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2064 ratio non differt per essentiam potentiae ab intellectu, ut prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2065 habitum est. Si ergo intellectus ponitur pars prudentiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2066 superfluum fuit addere rationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2067 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 s. c."><a name="41097"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2068 "ref">[41097] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2069 est quod Macrobius, secundum sententiam Plotini, rationem numerat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2070 inter partes prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2071 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 co."><a name="41098"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2072 "ref">[41098] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2073 dicendum quod opus prudentis est esse bene consiliativum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2074 dicitur in VI Ethic. Consilium autem est inquisitio quaedam ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2075 quibusdam ad alia procedens. Hoc autem est opus rationis. Unde ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2076 prudentiam necessarium est quod homo sit bene ratiocinativus. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2077 quia ea quae exiguntur ad perfectionem prudentiae dicuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2078 exigitivae vel quasi integrales partes prudentiae, inde est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2079 ratio inter partes prudentiae connumerari debet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2080 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="41099"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2081 "ref">[41099] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2082 ergo dicendum quod ratio non sumitur hic pro ipsa potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2083 rationis, sed pro eius bono usu.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2084 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="41100"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2085 "ref">[41100] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2086 dicendum quod certitudo rationis est ex intellectu, sed necessitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2087 rationis est ex defectu intellectus, illa enim in quibus vis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2088 intellectiva plenarie viget ratione non indigent, sed suo simplici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2089 intuitu veritatem comprehendunt, sicut Deus et Angeli. Particularia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2090 autem operabilia, in quibus prudentia dirigit, recedunt praecipue
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2091 ab intelligibilium conditione, et tanto magis quanto minus sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2092 certa seu determinata. Ea enim quae sunt artis, licet sint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2093 singularia, tamen sunt magis determinata et certa, unde in pluribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2094 eorum non est consilium, propter certitudinem, ut dicitur in III
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2095 Ethic. Et ideo quamvis in quibusdam aliis virtutibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2096 intellectualibus sit certior ratio quam prudentia, tamen ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2097 prudentiam maxime requiritur quod sit homo bene ratiocinativus, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2098 possit bene applicare universalia principia ad particularia, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2099 sunt varia et incerta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2100 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="41101"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2101 "ref">[41101] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2102 dicendum quod etsi intellectus et ratio non sunt diversae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2103 potentiae, tamen denominantur ex diversis actibus, nomen enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2104 intellectus sumitur ab intima penetratione veritatis; nomen autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2105 rationis ab inquisitione et discursu. Et ideo utrumque ponitur pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2106 prudentiae, ut ex dictis patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2107 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2108 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2109 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="41102"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2110 "ref">[41102] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2111 sic proceditur. Videtur quod providentia non debeat poni pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2112 prudentiae. Nihil enim est pars sui ipsius. Sed providentia videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2113 idem esse quod prudentia, quia ut Isidorus dicit, in libro Etymol.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2114 prudens dicitur quasi porro videns, et ex hoc etiam nomen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2115 providentiae sumitur, ut Boetius dicit, in fine de Consol. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2116 providentia non est pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2117 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="41103"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2118 "ref">[41103] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2119 prudentia est solum practica. Sed providentia potest etiam esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2120 speculativa, quia visio, ex qua sumitur nomen providentiae, magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2121 pertinet ad speculativam quam ad operativam. Ergo providentia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2122 est pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2123 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="41104"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2124 "ref">[41104] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2125 principalis actus prudentiae est praecipere, secundarii autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2126 iudicare et consiliari. Sed nihil horum videtur importari proprie
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2127 per nomen providentiae. Ergo providentia non est pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2128 prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2129 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 s. c."><a name="41105"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2130 "ref">[41105] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2131 est auctoritas Tullii et Macrobii, qui ponunt providentiam partem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2132 prudentiae, ut ex dictis patet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2133 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 co."><a name="41106"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2134 "ref">[41106] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2135 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, prudentia proprie est circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2136 ea quae sunt ad finem; et hoc ad eius officium proprie pertinet, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2137 ad finem debite ordinentur. Et quamvis aliqua necessaria sint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2138 propter finem quae subiiciuntur divinae providentiae, humanae tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2139 prudentiae non subiiciuntur nisi contingentia operabilia quae per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2140 hominem possunt fieri propter finem. Praeterita autem in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2141 necessitatem quandam transeunt, quia impossibile est non esse quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2142 factum est. Similiter etiam praesentia, inquantum huiusmodi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2143 necessitatem quandam habent, necesse est enim Socratem sedere dum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2144 sedet. Unde consequens est quod contingentia futura, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2145 sunt per hominem in finem humanae vitae ordinabilia, pertineant ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2146 prudentiam. Utrumque autem horum importatur in nomine providentiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2147 importat enim providentia respectum quendam alicuius distantis, ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2148 quod ea quae in praesenti occurrunt ordinanda sunt. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2149 providentia est pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2150 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="41107"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2151 "ref">[41107] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2152 ergo dicendum quod quandocumque multa requiruntur ad unum, necesse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2153 est unum eorum esse principale, ad quod omnia alia ordinantur. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2154 et in quolibet toto necesse est esse unam partem formalem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2155 praedominantem, a qua totum unitatem habet. Et secundum hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2156 providentia est principalior inter omnes partes prudentiae, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2157 omnia alia quae requiruntur ad prudentiam ad hoc necessaria sunt ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2158 aliquid recte ordinetur ad finem. Et ideo nomen ipsius prudentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2159 sumitur a providentia, sicut a principaliori sua parte.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2160 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="41108"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2161 "ref">[41108] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2162 dicendum quod speculatio est circa universalia et circa necessaria,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2163 quae secundum se non sunt procul, cum sint ubique et semper, etsi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2164 sint procul quoad nos, inquantum ab eorum cognitione deficimus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2165 Unde providentia non proprie dicitur in speculativis, sed solum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2166 practicis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2167 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="41109"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2168 "ref">[41109] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2169 dicendum quod in recta ordinatione ad finem, quae includitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2170 ratione providentiae, importatur rectitudo consilii et iudicii et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2171 praecepti, sine quibus recta ordinatio ad finem esse non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2172 potest.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2173 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2174 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2175 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="41110"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2176 "ref">[41110] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2177 septimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod circumspectio non possit esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2178 pars prudentiae. Circumspectio enim videtur esse consideratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2179 quaedam eorum quae circumstant. Huiusmodi autem sunt infinita, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2180 non possunt comprehendi ratione, in qua est prudentia. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2181 circumspectio non debet poni pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2182 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="41111"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2183 "ref">[41111] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2184 circumstantiae magis videntur pertinere ad virtutes morales quam ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2185 prudentiam. Sed circumspectio nihil aliud esse videtur quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2186 respectus circumstantiarum. Ergo circumspectio magis videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2187 pertinere ad morales virtutes quam ad prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2188 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="41112"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2189 "ref">[41112] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2190 qui potest videre quae procul sunt multo magis potest videre quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2191 circa sunt. Sed per providentiam homo est potens prospicere quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2192 procul sunt. Ergo ipsa sufficit ad considerandum ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2193 circumstant. Non ergo oportuit, praeter providentiam, ponere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2194 circumspectionem partem prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2195 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 s. c."><a name="41113"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2196 "ref">[41113] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2197 est auctoritas Macrobii, ut supra dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2198 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 co."><a name="41114"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2199 "ref">[41114] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2200 dicendum quod ad prudentiam, sicut dictum est, praecipue pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2201 recte ordinare aliquid in finem. Quod quidem recte non fit nisi et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2202 finis sit bonus, et id quod ordinatur in finem sit etiam bonum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2203 conveniens fini. Sed quia prudentia, sicut dictum est, est circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2204 singularia operabilia, in quibus multa concurrunt, contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2205 aliquid secundum se consideratum esse bonum et conveniens fini,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2206 quod tamen ex aliquibus concurrentibus redditur vel malum vel non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2207 opportunum ad finem. Sicut ostendere signa amoris alicui, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2208 se consideratum, videtur esse conveniens ad alliciendum eius animum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2209 ad amorem, sed si contingat in animo illius superbia vel suspicio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2210 adulationis, non erit hoc conveniens ad finem. Et ideo necessaria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2211 est circumspectio ad prudentiam, ut scilicet homo id quod ordinatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2212 in finem comparet etiam cum his quae circumstant.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2213 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="41115"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2214 "ref">[41115] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2215 ergo dicendum quod licet ea quae possunt circumstare sint infinita,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2216 tamen ea quae circumstant in actu non sunt infinita, sed pauca
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2217 quaedam sunt quae immutant iudicium rationis in agendis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2218 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="41116"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2219 "ref">[41116] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2220 dicendum quod circumstantiae pertinent ad prudentiam quidem sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2221 ad determinandum eas, ad virtutes autem morales inquantum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2222 circumstantiarum determinationem perficiuntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2223 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="41117"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2224 "ref">[41117] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2225 dicendum quod sicut ad providentiam pertinet prospicere id quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2226 per se conveniens fini, ita ad circumspectionem pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2227 considerare an sit conveniens fini secundum ea quae circumstant.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2228 Utrumque autem horum habet specialem difficultatem. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2229 utrumque eorum seorsum ponitur pars prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2230 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2231 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2232 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="41118"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2233 "ref">[41118] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2234 sic proceditur. Videtur quod cautio non debeat poni pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2235 prudentiae. In his enim in quibus non potest malum esse non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2236 necessaria cautio. Sed virtutibus nemo male utitur, ut dicitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2237 libro de Lib. Arb. Ergo cautio non pertinet ad prudentiam, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2238 directiva virtutum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2239 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="41119"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2240 "ref">[41119] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2241 eiusdem est providere bona et cavere mala, sicut eiusdem artis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2242 facere sanitatem et curare aegritudinem. Sed providere bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2243 pertinet ad providentiam. Ergo etiam cavere mala. Non ergo cautio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2244 debet poni alia pars prudentiae a providentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2245 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="41120"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2246 "ref">[41120] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2247 nullus prudens conatur ad impossibile. Sed nullus potest praecavere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2248 omnia mala quae possunt contingere. Ergo cautio non pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2249 prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2250 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 s. c."><a name="41121"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2251 "ref">[41121] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2252 est quod apostolus dicit, ad Ephes. V, <i>videte quomodo caute
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2253 ambuletis</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2254 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 co."><a name="41122"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2255 "ref">[41122] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2256 dicendum quod ea circa quae est prudentia sunt contingentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2257 operabilia, in quibus, sicut verum potest admisceri falso, ita et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2258 malum bono, propter multiformitatem huiusmodi operabilium, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2259 quibus bona plerumque impediuntur a malis, et mala habent speciem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2260 boni. Et ideo necessaria est cautio ad prudentiam, ut sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2261 accipiantur bona quod vitentur mala.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2262 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="41123"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2263 "ref">[41123] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2264 ergo dicendum quod cautio non est necessaria in moralibus actibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2265 ut aliquis sibi caveat ab actibus virtutum, sed ut sibi caveat ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2266 eis per quae actus virtutum impediri possunt.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2267 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="41124"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2268 "ref">[41124] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2269 dicendum quod opposita mala cavere eiusdem rationis est et prosequi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2270 bona. Sed vitare aliqua impedimenta extrinseca, hoc pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2271 aliam rationem. Et ideo cautio distinguitur a providentia, quamvis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2272 utrumque pertineat ad unam virtutem prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2273 <p title="II-II q. 49 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="41125"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2274 "ref">[41125] II&ordf;-IIae q. 49 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2275 dicendum quod malorum quae homini vitanda occurrunt quaedam sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2276 quae ut in pluribus accidere solent. Et talia comprehendi ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2277 possunt. Et contra haec ordinatur cautio, ut totaliter vitentur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2278 vel ut minus noceant. Quaedam vero sunt quae ut in paucioribus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2279 casualiter accidunt. Et haec, cum sint infinita, ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2280 comprehendi non possunt, nec sufficienter homo potest ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2281 praecavere, quamvis per officium prudentiae homo contra omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2282 fortunae insultus disponere possit ut minus laedatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2283 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2284 <div class="D">Quaestio 50</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2285 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2286 <p title="II-II q. 50 pr."><a name="41126"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2287 "ref">[41126] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2288 considerandum est de partibus subiectivis prudentiae. Et quia de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2289 prudentia per quam aliquis regit seipsum iam dictum est, restat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2290 dicendum de speciebus prudentiae quibus multitudo gubernatur. Circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2291 quas quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum legispositiva debeat poni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2292 species prudentiae. Secundo, utrum politica. Tertio, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2293 oeconomica. Quarto, utrum militaris.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2294 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2295 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2296 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41127"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2297 "ref">[41127] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2298 sic proceditur. Videtur quod regnativa non debeat poni species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2299 prudentiae. Regnativa enim ordinatur ad iustitiam conservandam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2300 dicitur enim in V Ethic. quod princeps est custos iusti. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2301 regnativa magis pertinet ad iustitiam quam ad prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2302 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41128"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2303 "ref">[41128] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2304 secundum philosophum, in III Polit., regnum est una sex politiarum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2305 Sed nulla species prudentiae sumitur secundum alias quinque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2306 politias, quae sunt aristocratia, politia (quae alio nomine dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2307 timocratia), tyrannis, oligarchia, democratia. Ergo nec secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2308 regnum debet sumi regnativa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2309 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41129"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2310 "ref">[41129] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2311 leges condere non solum pertinet ad reges, sed etiam ad quosdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2312 alios principatus, et etiam ad populum; ut patet per Isidorum, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2313 libro Etymol. Sed philosophus, in VI Ethic., ponit legispositivam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2314 partem prudentiae. Inconvenienter igitur loco eius ponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2315 regnativa.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2316 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41130"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2317 "ref">[41130] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2318 est quod philosophus dicit, in III Polit., quod <i>prudentia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2319 propria virtus principis</i>. Ergo specialis prudentia debet esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2320 regnativa.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2321 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 co."><a name="41131"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2322 "ref">[41131] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2323 dicendum quod sicut ex supradictis patet, ad prudentiam pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2324 regere et praecipere. Et ideo ubi invenitur specialis ratio
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2325 regiminis et praecepti in humanis actibus, ibi etiam invenitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2326 specialis ratio prudentiae. Manifestum est autem quod in eo qui non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2327 solum seipsum habet regere, sed etiam communitatem perfectam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2328 civitatis vel regni, invenitur specialis et perfecta ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2329 regiminis, tanto enim regimen perfectius est quanto est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2330 universalius, ad plura se extendens et ulteriorem finem attingens.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2331 Et ideo regi, ad quem pertinet regere civitatem vel regnum,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2332 prudentia competit secundum specialem et perfectissimam sui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2333 rationem. Et propter hoc regnativa ponitur species prudentiae.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2334 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41132"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2335 "ref">[41132] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2336 ergo dicendum quod omnia quae sunt virtutum moralium pertinent ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2337 prudentiam sicut ad dirigentem, unde et ratio recta prudentiae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2338 ponitur in definitione virtutis moralis, ut supra dictum est. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2339 ideo etiam executio iustitiae, prout ordinatur ad bonum commune,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2340 quae pertinet ad officium regis, indiget directione prudentiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2341 Unde istae duae virtutes sunt maxime propriae regi, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2342 prudentia et iustitia, secundum illud Ierem. XXIII, <i>regnabit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2343 rex, et sapiens erit et faciet iudicium et iustitiam in terra</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2344 Quia tamen dirigere magis pertinet ad regem, exequi vero ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2345 subditos, ideo regnativa magis ponitur species prudentiae, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2346 directiva, quam iustitiae, quae est executiva.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2347 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41133"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2348 "ref">[41133] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2349 dicendum quod regnum inter alias politias est optimum regimen, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2350 dicitur in VIII Ethic. Et ideo species prudentiae magis debuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2351 denominari a regno. Ita tamen quod sub regnativa comprehendantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2352 omnia alia regimina recta, non autem perversa, quae virtuti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2353 opponuntur, unde non pertinent ad prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2354 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41134"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2355 "ref">[41134] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2356 dicendum quod philosophus denominat regnativam a principali actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2357 regis, qui est leges ponere. Quod etsi conveniat aliis, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2358 convenit eis nisi secundum quod participant aliquid de regimine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2359 regis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2360 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2361 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2362 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41135"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2363 "ref">[41135] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2364 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod politica inconvenienter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2365 ponatur pars prudentiae. Regnativa enim est pars politicae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2366 prudentiae, ut dictum est. Sed pars non debet dividi contra totum.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2367 Ergo politica non debet poni alia species prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2368 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41136"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2369 "ref">[41136] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2370 species habituum distinguuntur secundum diversa obiecta. Sed eadem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2371 sunt quae oportet regnantem praecipere et subditum exequi. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2372 politica, secundum quod pertinet ad subditos, non debet poni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2373 species prudentiae distincta a regnativa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2374 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41137"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2375 "ref">[41137] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2376 unusquisque subditorum est singularis persona. Sed quaelibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2377 singularis persona seipsam sufficienter dirigere potest per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2378 prudentiam communiter dictam. Ergo non oportet poni aliam speciem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2379 prudentiae quae dicatur politica.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2380 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41138"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2381 "ref">[41138] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2382 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>eius autem quae circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2383 civitatem haec quidem ut architectonica prudentia legispositiva;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2384 haec autem commune nomen habet politica, circa singularia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2385 existens</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2386 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 co."><a name="41139"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2387 "ref">[41139] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2388 dicendum quod servus per imperium movetur a domino et subditus a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2389 principante, aliter tamen quam irrationalia et inanimata moveantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2390 a suis motoribus. Nam inanimata et irrationalia aguntur solum ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2391 alio, non autem ipsa agunt seipsa quia non habent dominium sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2392 actus per liberum arbitrium. Et ideo rectitudo regiminis ipsorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2393 non est in ipsis, sed solum in motoribus. Sed homines servi, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2394 quicumque subditi, ita aguntur ab aliis per praeceptum quod tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2395 agunt seipsos per liberum arbitrium. Et ideo requiritur in eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2396 quaedam rectitudo regiminis per quam seipsos dirigant in obediendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2397 principatibus. Et ad hoc pertinet species prudentiae quae politica
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2398 vocatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2399 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41140"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2400 "ref">[41140] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2401 ergo dicendum quod sicut dictum est, regnativa est perfectissima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2402 species prudentiae. Et ideo prudentia subditorum, quae deficit a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2403 prudentia regnativa, retinet sibi nomen commune, ut politica
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2404 dicatur, sicut in logicis convertibile quod non significat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2405 essentiam retinet sibi commune nomen proprii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2406 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41141"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2407 "ref">[41141] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2408 dicendum quod diversa ratio obiecti diversificat habitum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2409 speciem, ut ex supradictis patet. Eadem autem agenda considerantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2410 quidem a rege secundum universaliorem rationem quam considerentur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2411 subdito, qui obedit, uni enim regi in diversis officiis multi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2412 obediunt. Et ideo regnativa comparatur ad hanc politicam de qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2413 loquimur sicut ars architectonica ad eam quae manu operatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2414 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41142"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2415 "ref">[41142] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2416 dicendum quod per prudentiam communiter dictam regit homo seipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2417 in ordine ad proprium bonum, per politicam autem de qua loquimur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2418 in ordine ad bonum commune.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2419 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2420 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2421 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41143"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2422 "ref">[41143] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2423 sic proceditur. Videtur quod oeconomica non debeat poni species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2424 prudentiae. Quia ut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2425 ordinatur ad bene vivere totum. Sed oeconomica ordinatur ad aliquem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2426 particularem finem, scilicet ad divitias, ut dicitur in I Ethic.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2427 Ergo oeconomica non est species prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2428 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41144"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2429 "ref">[41144] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2430 sicut supra habitum est, prudentia non est nisi bonorum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2431 oeconomica potest esse etiam malorum, multi enim peccatores providi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2432 sunt in gubernatione familiae. Ergo oeconomica non debet poni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2433 species prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2434 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41145"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2435 "ref">[41145] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2436 sicut in regno invenitur principans et subiectum, ita etiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2437 domo. Si ergo oeconomica est species prudentiae sicut et politica,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2438 deberet etiam paterna prudentia poni, sicut et regnativa. Non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2439 ponitur. Ergo nec oeconomica debet poni species prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2440 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41146"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2441 "ref">[41146] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2442 est quod philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., quod illarum, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2443 prudentiarum quae se habent ad regimen multitudinis, <i>haec quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2444 oeconomica, haec autem legispositiva, haec autem politica</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2445 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 co."><a name="41147"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2446 "ref">[41147] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2447 dicendum quod ratio obiecti diversificata secundum universale et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2448 particulare, vel secundum totum et partem, diversificat artes et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2449 virtutes, secundum quam diversitatem una est principalis respectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2450 alterius. Manifestum est autem quod domus medio modo se habet inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2451 unam singularem personam et civitatem vel regnum, nam sicut una
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2452 singularis persona est pars domus, ita una domus est pars civitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2453 vel regni. Et ideo sicut prudentia communiter dicta, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2454 regitiva unius, distinguitur a politica prudentia, ita oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2455 oeconomica distinguatur ab utraque.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2456 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41148"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2457 "ref">[41148] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2458 ergo dicendum quod divitiae comparantur ad oeconomicam non sicut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2459 finis ultimus, sed sicut instrumenta quaedam, ut dicitur in I
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2460 Polit. Finis autem ultimus oeconomicae est totum bene vivere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2461 secundum domesticam conversationem. Philosophus autem I Ethic.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2462 ponit exemplificando divitias finem oeconomicae secundum studium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2463 plurimorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2464 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41149"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2465 "ref">[41149] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2466 dicendum quod ad aliqua particularia quae sunt in domo disponenda
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2467 possunt aliqui peccatores provide se habere, sed non ad ipsum totum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2468 bene vivere domesticae conversationis, ad quod praecipue requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2469 vita virtuosa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2470 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41150"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2471 "ref">[41150] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2472 dicendum quod pater in domo habet quandam similitudinem regii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2473 principatus, ut dicitur in VIII Ethic., non tamen habet perfectam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2474 potestatem regiminis sicut rex. Et ideo non ponitur separatim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2475 paterna species prudentiae, sicut regnativa.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2476 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2477 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2478 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="41151"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2479 "ref">[41151] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2480 sic proceditur. Videtur quod militaris non debeat poni species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2481 prudentiae. Prudentia enim contra artem dividitur, ut dicitur in VI
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2482 Ethic. Sed militaris videtur esse quaedam ars in rebus bellicis;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2483 sicut patet per philosophum, in III Ethic. Ergo militaris non debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2484 poni species prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2485 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="41152"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2486 "ref">[41152] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2487 sicut militare negotium continetur sub politico, ita etiam et plura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2488 alia negotia, sicut mercatorum, artificum et aliorum huiusmodi. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2489 secundum alia negotia quae sunt in civitate non accipiuntur aliquae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2490 species prudentiae. Ergo etiam neque secundum militare
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2491 negotium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2492 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="41153"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2493 "ref">[41153] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2494 in rebus bellicis plurimum valet militum fortitudo. Ergo militaris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2495 magis pertinet ad fortitudinem quam ad prudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2496 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 s. c."><a name="41154"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2497 "ref">[41154] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2498 est quod dicitur Prov. XXIV, <i>cum dispositione initur bellum, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2499 erit salus ubi sunt multa consilia</i>. Sed consiliari pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2500 prudentiam. Ergo in rebus bellicis maxime necessaria est aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2501 species prudentiae quae militaris dicitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2502 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 co."><a name="41155"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2503 "ref">[41155] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2504 dicendum quod ea quae secundum artem et rationem aguntur conformia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2505 esse oportet his quae sunt secundum naturam, quae a ratione divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2506 sunt instituta. Natura autem ad duo intendit primo quidem, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2507 regendum unamquamque rem in seipsa; secundo vero, ad resistendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2508 extrinsecis impugnantibus et corruptivis. Et propter hoc non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2509 dedit animalibus vim concupiscibilem, per quam moveantur ad ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2510 sunt saluti eorum accommoda; sed etiam vim irascibilem, per quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2511 animal resistit impugnantibus. Unde et in his quae sunt secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2512 rationem non solum oportet esse prudentiam politicam, per quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2513 convenienter disponantur ea quae pertinent ad bonum commune; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2514 etiam militarem, per quam hostium insultus repellantur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2515 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="41156"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2516 "ref">[41156] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2517 ergo dicendum quod militaris potest esse ars secundum quod habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2518 quasdam regulas recte utendi quibusdam exterioribus rebus, puta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2519 armis et equis, sed secundum quod ordinatur ad bonum commune, habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2520 magis rationem prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2521 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="41157"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2522 "ref">[41157] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2523 dicendum quod alia negotia quae sunt in civitate ordinantur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2524 aliquas particulares utilitates, sed militare negotium ordinatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2525 tuitionem totius boni communis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2526 <p title="II-II q. 50 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="41158"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2527 "ref">[41158] II&ordf;-IIae q. 50 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2528 dicendum quod executio militiae pertinet ad fortitudinem, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2529 directio ad prudentiam, et praecipue secundum quod est in duce
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2530 exercitus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2531 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2532 <div class="D">Quaestio 51</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2533 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2534 <p title="II-II q. 51 pr."><a name="41159"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2535 "ref">[41159] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2536 considerandum est de virtutibus adiunctis prudentiae, quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2537 quasi partes potentiales ipsius. Et circa hoc quaeruntur quatuor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2538 Primo, utrum eubulia sit virtus. Secundo, utrum sit specialis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2539 virtus a prudentia distincta. Tertio, utrum synesis sit specialis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2540 virtus. Quarto, utrum gnome sit specialis virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2541 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2542 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2543 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41160"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2544 "ref">[41160] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2545 sic proceditur. Videtur quod eubulia non sit virtus. Quia secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2546 Augustinum, in libro de Lib. Arb., <i>virtutibus nullus male
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2547 utitur</i>. Sed eubulia, quae est bene consiliativa, aliqui male
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2548 utuntur, vel quia astuta consilia excogitant ad malos fines
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2549 consequendos; aut quia etiam ad bonos fines consequendos aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2550 peccata ordinant, puta qui furatur ut eleemosynam det. Ergo eubulia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2551 non est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2552 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41161"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2553 "ref">[41161] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2554 virtus perfectio quaedam est, ut dicitur in VII Phys. Sed eubulia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2555 circa consilium consistit, quod importat dubitationem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2556 inquisitionem, quae imperfectionis sunt. Ergo eubulia non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2557 virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2558 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41162"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2559 "ref">[41162] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2560 virtutes sunt connexae ad invicem, ut supra habitum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2561 eubulia non est connexa aliis virtutibus multi enim peccatores sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2562 bene consiliativi, et multi iusti sunt in consiliis tardi. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2563 eubulia non est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2564 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41163"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2565 "ref">[41163] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2566 est quod eubulia est rectitudo consilii, ut philosophus dicit, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2567 VI Ethic. Sed recta ratio perficit rationem virtutis. Ergo eubulia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2568 est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2569 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 co."><a name="41164"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2570 "ref">[41164] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2571 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, de ratione virtutis humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2572 est quod faciat actum hominis bonum. Inter ceteros autem actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2573 hominis proprium est ei consiliari, quia hoc importat quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2574 rationis inquisitionem circa agenda, in quibus consistit vita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2575 humana; nam vita speculativa est supra hominem, ut dicitur in X
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2576 Ethic. Eubulia autem importat bonitatem consilii, dicitur enim ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2577 eu, quod est bonum, et boule, quod est consilium, quasi bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2578 consiliatio, vel potius bene consiliativa. Unde manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2579 eubulia est virtus humana.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2580 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41165"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2581 "ref">[41165] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2582 ergo dicendum quod non est bonum consilium sive aliquis malum finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2583 sibi in consiliando praestituat, sive etiam ad bonum finem malas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2584 vias adinveniat. Sicut etiam in speculativis non est bona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2585 ratiocinatio sive aliquis falsum concludat, sive etiam concludat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2586 verum ex falsis, quia non utitur convenienti medio. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2587 utrumque praedictorum est contra rationem eubuliae, ut philosophus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2588 dicit, in VI Ethic.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2589 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41166"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2590 "ref">[41166] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2591 dicendum quod etsi virtus sit essentialiter perfectio quaedam, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2592 tamen oportet quod omne illud quod est materia virtutis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2593 perfectionem importet. Oportet enim circa omnia humana perfici per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2594 virtutes, et non solum circa actus rationis, inter quos est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2595 consilium; sed etiam circa passiones appetitus sensitivi, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2596 adhuc sunt multo imperfectiores. Vel potest dici quod virtus humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2597 est perfectio secundum modum hominis, qui non potest per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2598 certitudinem comprehendere veritatem rerum simplici intuitu; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2599 praecipue in agibilibus, quae sunt contingentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2600 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41167"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2601 "ref">[41167] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2602 dicendum quod in nullo peccatore, inquantum huiusmodi, invenitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2603 eubulia. Omne enim peccatum est contra bonam consiliationem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2604 Requiritur enim ad bene consiliandum non solum adinventio vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2605 excogitatio eorum quae sunt opportuna ad finem, sed etiam aliae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2606 circumstantiae, scilicet tempus congruum, ut nec nimis tardus nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2607 nimis velox sit in consiliis; et modus consiliandi, ut scilicet sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2608 firmus in suo consilio; et aliae huiusmodi debitae circumstantiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2609 quae peccator peccando non observat. Quilibet autem virtuosus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2610 bene consiliativus in his quae ordinantur ad finem virtutis, licet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2611 forte in aliquibus particularibus negotiis non sit bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2612 consiliativus, puta in mercationibus vel in rebus bellicis vel in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2613 aliquo huiusmodi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2614 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2615 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2616 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41168"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2617 "ref">[41168] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2618 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod eubulia non sit virtus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2619 distincta a prudentia. Quia ut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2620 <i>videtur prudentis esse bene consiliari</i>. Sed hoc pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2621 eubuliam, ut dictum est. Ergo eubulia non distinguitur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2622 prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2623 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41169"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2624 "ref">[41169] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2625 humani actus, ad quos ordinantur humanae virtutes, praecipue
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2626 specificantur ex fine, ut supra habitum est. Sed ad eundem finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2627 ordinantur eubulia et prudentia, ut dicitur VI Ethic., idest non ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2628 quendam particularem finem, sed ad communem finem totius vitae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2629 Ergo eubulia non est virtus distincta a prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2630 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41170"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2631 "ref">[41170] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2632 in scientiis speculativis ad eandem scientiam pertinet inquirere et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2633 determinare. Ergo pari ratione in operativis hoc pertinet ad eandem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2634 virtutem. Sed inquirere pertinet ad eubuliam, determinare autem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2635 prudentiam. Ergo eubulia non est alia virtus a prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2636 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41171"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2637 "ref">[41171] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2638 prudentia est praeceptiva, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Hoc autem non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2639 convenit eubuliae. Ergo eubulia est alia virtus a prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2640 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 co."><a name="41172"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2641 "ref">[41172] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2642 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est supra, virtus proprie ordinatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2643 actum, quem reddit bonum. Et ideo oportet secundum differentiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2644 actuum esse diversas virtutes, et maxime quando non est eadem ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2645 bonitatis in actibus. Si enim esset eadem ratio bonitatis in eis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2646 tunc ad eandem virtutem pertinerent diversi actus, sicut ex eodem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2647 dependet bonitas amoris, desiderii et gaudii, et ideo omnia ista
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2648 pertinent ad eandem virtutem caritatis. Actus autem rationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2649 ordinati ad opus sunt diversi, nec habent eandem rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2650 bonitatis, ex alia enim efficitur homo bene consiliativus, et bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2651 iudicativus, et bene praeceptivus; quod patet ex hoc quod ista
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2652 aliquando ab invicem separantur. Et ideo oportet aliam esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2653 virtutem eubuliam, per quam homo est bene consiliativus; et aliam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2654 prudentiam, per quam homo est bene praeceptivus. Et sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2655 consiliari ordinatur ad praecipere tanquam ad principalius, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2656 etiam eubulia ordinatur ad prudentiam tanquam ad principaliorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2657 virtutem; sine qua nec virtus esset, sicut nec morales virtutes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2658 sine prudentia, nec ceterae virtutes sine caritate.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2659 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41173"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2660 "ref">[41173] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2661 ergo dicendum quod ad prudentiam pertinet bene consiliari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2662 imperative, ad eubuliam autem elicitive.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2663 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41174"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2664 "ref">[41174] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2665 dicendum quod ad unum finem ultimum, quod est bene vivere totum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2666 ordinantur diversi actus secundum quendam gradum, nam praecedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2667 consilium, sequitur iudicium, et ultimum est praeceptum, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2668 immediate se habet ad finem ultimum, alii autem duo actus remote se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2669 habent. Qui tamen habent quosdam proximos fines, consilium quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2670 inventionem eorum quae sunt agenda; iudicium autem certitudinem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2671 Unde ex hoc non sequitur quod eubulia et prudentia non sint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2672 diversae virtutes, sed quod eubulia ordinetur ad prudentiam sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2673 virtus secundaria ad principalem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2674 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41175"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2675 "ref">[41175] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2676 dicendum quod etiam in speculativis alia rationalis scientia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2677 dialectica, quae ordinatur ad inquisitionem inventivam; et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2678 scientia demonstrativa, quae est veritatis determinativa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2679 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2680 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2681 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41176"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2682 "ref">[41176] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2683 sic proceditur. Videtur quod synesis non sit virtus. Virtutes enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2684 non insunt nobis a natura, ut dicitur in II Ethic. Sed synesis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2685 inest aliquibus a natura, ut dicit philosophus, in VI Ethic. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2686 synesis non est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2687 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41177"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2688 "ref">[41177] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2689 synesis, ut in eodem libro dicitur, est solum iudicativa. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2690 iudicium solum, sine praecepto, potest esse etiam in malis. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2691 ergo virtus sit solum in bonis, videtur quod synesis non sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2692 virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2693 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41178"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2694 "ref">[41178] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2695 nunquam est defectus in praecipiendo nisi sit aliquis defectus in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2696 iudicando, saltem in particulari operabili, in quo omnis malus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2697 errat. Si ergo synesis ponitur virtus ad bene iudicandum, videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2698 quod non sit necessaria alia virtus ad bene praecipiendum. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2699 prudentia erit superflua, quod est inconveniens. Non ergo synesis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2700 est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2701 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41179"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2702 "ref">[41179] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2703 iudicium est perfectius quam consilium. Sed eubulia, quae est bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2704 consiliativa, est virtus. Ergo multo magis synesis, quae est bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2705 iudicativa, est virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2706 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 co."><a name="41180"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2707 "ref">[41180] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2708 dicendum quod synesis importat iudicium rectum non quidem circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2709 speculabilia, sed circa particularia operabilia, circa quae etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2710 est prudentia. Unde secundum synesim dicuntur in Graeco aliqui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2711 syneti, idest sensati, vel eusyneti, idest homines boni sensus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2712 sicut e contrario qui carent hac virtute dicuntur asyneti, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2713 insensati. Oportet autem quod secundum differentiam actuum qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2714 reducuntur in eandem causam sit etiam diversitas virtutum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2715 Manifestum est autem quod bonitas consilii et bonitas iudicii non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2716 reducuntur in eandem causam, multi enim sunt bene consiliativi qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2717 tamen non sunt bene sensati, quasi recte iudicantes. Sicut etiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2718 speculativis aliqui sunt bene inquirentes, propter hoc quod ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2719 eorum prompta est ad discurrendum per diversa, quod videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2720 provenire ex dispositione imaginativae virtutis, quae de facili
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2721 potest formare diversa phantasmata, et tamen huiusmodi quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2722 non sunt boni iudicii, quod est propter defectum intellectus, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2723 maxime contingit ex mala dispositione communis sensus non bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2724 iudicantis. Et ideo oportet praeter eubuliam esse aliam virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2725 quae est bene iudicativa. Et haec dicitur synesis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2726 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41181"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2727 "ref">[41181] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2728 ergo dicendum quod rectum iudicium in hoc consistit quod vis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2729 cognoscitiva apprehendat rem aliquam secundum quod in se est. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2730 quidem provenit ex recta dispositione virtutis apprehensivae, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2731 in speculo, si fuerit bene dispositum, imprimuntur formae corporum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2732 secundum quod sunt; si vero fuerit speculum male dispositum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2733 apparent ibi imagines distortae et prave se habentes. Quod autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2734 virtus cognoscitiva sit bene disposita ad recipiendum res secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2735 quod sunt, contingit quidem radicaliter ex natura, consummative
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2736 autem ex exercitio vel ex munere gratiae. Et hoc dupliciter. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2737 modo, directe ex parte ipsius cognoscitivae virtutis, puta quia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2738 est imbuta pravis conceptionibus, sed veris et rectis, et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2739 pertinet ad synesim secundum quod est specialis virtus. Alio modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2740 indirecte, ex bona dispositione appetitivae virtutis, ex qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2741 sequitur quod homo bene iudicet de appetibilibus. Et sic bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2742 virtutis iudicium consequitur habitus virtutum moralium, sed circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2743 fines, synesis autem est magis circa ea quae sunt ad finem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2744 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41182"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2745 "ref">[41182] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2746 dicendum quod in malis potest quidem iudicium rectum esse in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2747 universali, sed in particulari agibili semper eorum iudicium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2748 corrumpitur, ut supra habitum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2749 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41183"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2750 "ref">[41183] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2751 dicendum quod contingit quandoque id quod bene iudicatum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2752 differri, vel negligenter agi aut inordinate. Et ideo post virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2753 quae est bene iudicativa necessaria est finalis virtus principalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2754 quae sit bene praeceptiva, scilicet prudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2755 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2756 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2757 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="41184"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2758 "ref">[41184] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2759 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gnome non sit specialis virtus a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2760 synesi distincta. Quia secundum synesim dicitur aliquis bene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2761 iudicativus. Sed nullus potest dici bene iudicativus nisi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2762 omnibus bene iudicet. Ergo synesis se extendit ad omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2763 diiudicanda. Non est ergo aliqua alia virtus bene iudicativa quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2764 gnome vocatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2765 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="41185"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2766 "ref">[41185] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2767 iudicium medium est inter consilium et praeceptum. Sed una tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2768 virtus est bene consiliativa, scilicet eubulia; et una tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2769 virtus est bene praeceptiva, scilicet prudentia. Ergo una tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2770 est virtus bene iudicativa, scilicet synesis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2771 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="41186"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2772 "ref">[41186] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2773 ea quae raro accidunt, in quibus oportet a communibus legibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2774 discedere, videntur praecipue casualia esse, quorum non est ratio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2775 ut dicitur in II Phys. Omnes autem virtutes intellectuales
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2776 pertinent ad rationem rectam. Ergo circa praedicta non est aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2777 virtus intellectualis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2778 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 s. c."><a name="41187"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2779 "ref">[41187] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2780 est quod philosophus determinat, in VI Ethic., gnomen esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2781 specialem virtutem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2782 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 co."><a name="41188"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2783 "ref">[41188] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2784 dicendum quod habitus cognoscitivi distinguuntur secundum altiora
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2785 vel inferiora principia, sicut sapientia in speculativis altiora
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2786 principia considerat quam scientia, et ideo ab ea distinguitur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2787 ita etiam oportet esse in activis. Manifestum est autem quod illa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2788 quae sunt praeter ordinem inferioris principii sive causae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2789 reducuntur quandoque in ordinem altioris principii, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2790 monstruosi partus animalium sunt praeter ordinem virtutis activae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2791 in semine, tamen cadunt sub ordine altioris principii, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2792 caelestis corporis, vel ulterius providentiae divinae. Unde ille
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2793 qui consideraret virtutem activam in semine non posset iudicium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2794 certum ferre de huiusmodi monstris, de quibus tamen potest iudicari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2795 secundum considerationem divinae providentiae. Contingit autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2796 quandoque aliquid esse faciendum praeter communes regulas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2797 agendorum, puta cum impugnatori patriae non est depositum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2798 reddendum, vel aliquid aliud huiusmodi. Et ideo oportet de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2799 huiusmodi iudicare secundum aliqua altiora principia quam sint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2800 regulae communes, secundum quas iudicat synesis. Et secundum illa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2801 altiora principia exigitur altior virtus iudicativa, quae vocatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2802 gnome, quae importat quandam perspicacitatem iudicii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2803 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="41189"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2804 "ref">[41189] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2805 ergo dicendum quod synesis est vere iudicativa de omnibus quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2806 secundum communes regulas fiunt. Sed praeter communes regulas sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2807 quaedam alia diiudicanda, ut iam dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2808 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="41190"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2809 "ref">[41190] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2810 dicendum quod iudicium debet sumi ex propriis principiis rei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2811 inquisitio autem fit etiam per communia. Unde etiam in speculativis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2812 dialectica, quae est inquisitiva, procedit ex communibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2813 demonstrativa autem, quae est iudicativa, procedit ex propriis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2814 ideo eubulia, ad quam pertinet inquisitio consilii, est una de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2815 omnibus, non autem synesis, quae est iudicativa. Praeceptum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2816 respicit in omnibus unam rationem boni. Et ideo etiam prudentia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2817 est nisi una.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2818 <p title="II-II q. 51 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="41191"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2819 "ref">[41191] II&ordf;-IIae q. 51 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2820 dicendum quod omnia illa quae praeter communem cursum contingere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2821 possunt considerare pertinet ad solam providentiam divinam, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2822 inter homines ille qui est magis perspicax potest plura horum sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2823 ratione diiudicare. Et ad hoc pertinet gnome, quae importat quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2824 perspicacitatem iudicii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2825 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2826 <div class="D">Quaestio 52</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2827 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2828 <p title="II-II q. 52 pr."><a name="41192"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2829 "ref">[41192] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2830 considerandum est de dono consilii, quod respondet prudentiae. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2831 circa hoc quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum consilium debeat poni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2832 inter septem dona spiritus sancti. Secundo, utrum donum consilii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2833 respondeat virtuti prudentiae. Tertio, utrum donum consilii maneat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2834 in patria. Quarto, utrum quinta beatitudo, quae est, beati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2835 misericordes, respondeat dono consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2836 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2837 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2838 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41193"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2839 "ref">[41193] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2840 sic proceditur. Videtur quod consilium non debeat poni inter dona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2841 spiritus sancti. Dona enim spiritus sancti in adiutorium virtutum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2842 dantur; ut patet per Gregorium, in II Moral. Sed ad consiliandum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2843 homo sufficienter perficitur per virtutem prudentiae, vel etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2844 eubuliae, ut ex dictis patet. Ergo consilium non debet poni inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2845 dona spiritus sancti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2846 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41194"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2847 "ref">[41194] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2848 haec videtur esse differentia inter septem dona spiritus sancti et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2849 gratias gratis datas, quod gratiae gratis datae non dantur omnibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2850 sed distribuuntur diversis; dona autem spiritus sancti dantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2851 omnibus habentibus spiritum sanctum. Sed consilium videtur esse de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2852 his quae specialiter aliquibus a spiritu sancto dantur, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2853 illud I Machab. II, <i>ecce Simon, frater vester, ipse vir consilii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2854 est</i>. Ergo consilium magis debet poni inter gratias gratis datas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2855 quam inter septem dona spiritus sancti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2856 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41195"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2857 "ref">[41195] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2858 Rom. VIII dicitur, <i>qui spiritu Dei aguntur, hi filii Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2859 sunt</i>. Sed his qui ab alio aguntur non competit consilium. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2860 igitur dona spiritus sancti maxime competant filiis Dei, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2861 acceperunt spiritum adoptionis filiorum, videtur quod consilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2862 inter dona spiritus sancti poni non debeat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2863 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41196"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2864 "ref">[41196] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2865 est quod Isaiae XI dicitur, <i>requiescet super eum spiritus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2866 consilii et fortitudinis</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2867 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 co."><a name="41197"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2868 "ref">[41197] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2869 dicendum quod dona spiritus sancti, ut supra dictum est, sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2870 quaedam dispositiones quibus anima redditur bene mobilis a spiritu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2871 sancto. Deus autem movet unumquodque secundum modum eius quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2872 movetur, sicut <i>creaturam corporalem movet per tempus et locum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2873 creaturam autem spiritualem per tempus et non per locum</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2874 Augustinus dicit, VIII super Gen. ad Litt. Est autem proprium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2875 rationali creaturae quod per inquisitionem rationis moveatur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2876 aliquid agendum, quae quidem inquisitio consilium dicitur. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2877 spiritus sanctus per modum consilii creaturam rationalem movet. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2878 propter hoc consilium ponitur inter dona spiritus sancti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2879 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41198"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2880 "ref">[41198] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2881 ergo dicendum quod prudentia vel eubulia, sive sit acquisita sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2882 infusa, dirigit hominem in inquisitione consilii secundum ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2883 ratio comprehendere potest, unde homo per prudentiam vel eubuliam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2884 fit bene consilians vel sibi vel alii. Sed quia humana ratio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2885 potest comprehendere singularia et contingentia quae occurrere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2886 possunt, fit quod <i>cogitationes mortalium sunt timidae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2887 incertae providentiae nostrae</i>, ut dicitur Sap. IX. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2888 indiget homo in inquisitione consilii dirigi a Deo, qui omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2889 comprehendit. Quod fit per donum consilii, per quod homo dirigitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2890 quasi consilio a Deo accepto. Sicut etiam in rebus humanis qui sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2891 ipsis non sufficiunt in inquisitione consilii a sapientioribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2892 consilium requirunt.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2893 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41199"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2894 "ref">[41199] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2895 dicendum quod hoc potest pertinere ad gratiam gratis datam quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2896 aliquis sit ita boni consilii quod aliis consilium praebeat. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2897 quod aliquis a Deo consilium habeat quid fieri oporteat in his quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2898 sunt necessaria ad salutem, hoc est commune omnium sanctorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2899 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41200"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2900 "ref">[41200] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2901 dicendum quod filii Dei aguntur a spiritu sancto secundum modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2902 eorum, salvato scilicet libero arbitrio, quae est facultas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2903 voluntatis et rationis. Et sic inquantum ratio a spiritu sancto
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2904 instruitur de agendis, competit filiis Dei donum consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2905 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2906 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2907 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41201"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2908 "ref">[41201] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2909 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod donum consilii non respondeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2910 convenienter virtuti prudentiae. Inferius enim in suo supremo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2911 attingit id quod est superius, ut patet per Dionysium, VII cap. de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2912 Div. Nom., sicut homo attingit Angelum secundum intellectum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2913 virtus cardinalis est inferior dono, ut supra habitum est. Cum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2914 consilium sit primus et infimus actus prudentiae, supremus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2915 actus eius est praecipere, medius autem iudicare; videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2916 donum respondens prudentiae non sit consilium, sed magis iudicium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2917 vel praeceptum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2918 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41202"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2919 "ref">[41202] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2920 uni virtuti sufficienter auxilium praebetur per unum donum, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2921 quanto aliquid est superius tanto est magis unitum, ut probatur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2922 libro de causis. Sed prudentiae auxilium praebetur per donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2923 scientiae, quae non solum est speculativa, sed etiam practica, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2924 supra habitum est. Ergo donum consilii non respondet virtuti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2925 prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2926 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41203"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2927 "ref">[41203] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2928 ad prudentiam proprie pertinet dirigere, ut supra habitum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2929 ad donum consilii pertinet quod homo dirigatur a Deo, sicut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2930 est. Ergo donum consilii non pertinet ad virtutem prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2931 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41204"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2932 "ref">[41204] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2933 est quod donum consilii est circa ea quae sunt agenda propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2934 finem. Sed circa haec etiam est prudentia. Ergo sibi invicem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2935 correspondent.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2936 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 co."><a name="41205"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2937 "ref">[41205] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2938 dicendum quod principium motivum inferius praecipue adiuvatur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2939 perficitur per hoc quod movetur a superiori motivo principio, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2940 corpus in hoc quod movetur a spiritu. Manifestum est autem quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2941 rectitudo rationis humanae comparatur ad rationem divinam sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2942 principium motivum inferius ad superius, ratio enim aeterna est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2943 suprema regula omnis humanae rectitudinis. Et ideo prudentia, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2944 importat rectitudinem rationis, maxime perficitur et iuvatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2945 secundum quod regulatur et movetur a spiritu sancto. Quod pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2946 ad donum consilii, ut dictum est. Unde donum consilii respondet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2947 prudentiae, sicut ipsam adiuvans et perficiens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2948 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41206"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2949 "ref">[41206] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2950 ergo dicendum quod iudicare et praecipere non est moti, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2951 moventis. Et quia in donis spiritus sancti mens humana non se habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2952 ut movens, sed magis ut mota, ut supra dictum est; inde est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2953 non fuit conveniens quod donum correspondens prudentiae praeceptum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2954 diceretur vel iudicium, sed consilium, per quod potest significari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2955 motio mentis consiliatae ab alio consiliante.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2956 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41207"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2957 "ref">[41207] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2958 dicendum quod scientiae donum non directe respondet prudentiae, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2959 sit in speculativa, sed secundum quandam extensionem eam adiuvat.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2960 Donum autem consilii directe respondet prudentiae, sicut circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2961 eadem existens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2962 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41208"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2963 "ref">[41208] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2964 dicendum quod movens motum ex hoc quod movetur movet. Unde mens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2965 humana ex hoc ipso quod dirigitur a spiritu sancto, fit potens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2966 dirigere se et alios.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2967 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2968 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2969 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41209"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2970 "ref">[41209] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2971 sic proceditur. Videtur quod donum consilii non maneat in patria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2972 Consilium enim est eorum quae sunt agenda propter finem. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2973 patria nihil erit agendum propter finem, quia ibi homines ultimo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2974 fine potiuntur. Ergo in patria non est donum consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2975 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41210"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2976 "ref">[41210] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2977 consilium dubitationem importat, in his enim quae manifesta sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2978 ridiculum est consiliari, sicut patet per philosophum, in III
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2979 Ethic. In patria autem tolletur omnis dubitatio. Ergo in patria non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2980 erit consilium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2981 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41211"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2982 "ref">[41211] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2983 in patria sancti maxime Deo conformantur, secundum illud I Ioan.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2984 III, <i>cum apparuerit, similes ei erimus</i>. Sed Deo non convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2985 consilium, secundum illud Rom. XI, <i>quis consiliarius eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2986 fuit?</i> Ergo etiam neque sanctis in patria competit donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2987 consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2988 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41212"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2989 "ref">[41212] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2990 est quod dicit Gregorius, XVII Moral., <i>cumque uniuscuiusque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2991 gentis vel culpa vel iustitia ad supernae curiae consilium ducitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2992 eiusdem gentis praepositus vel obtinuisse in certamine vel non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2993 obtinuisse perhibetur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2994 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 co."><a name="41213"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2995 "ref">[41213] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2996 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, dona spiritus sancti ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2997 pertinent quod creatura rationalis movetur a Deo. Circa motionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2998 autem humanae mentis a Deo duo considerari oportet. Primo quidem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2999 quod alia est dispositio eius quod movetur dum movetur; et alia dum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3000 est in termino motus. Et quidem quando movens est solum principium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3001 movendi, cessante motu cessat actio moventis super mobile, quod iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3002 pervenit ad terminum, sicut domus, postquam aedificata est, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3003 aedificatur ulterius ab aedificatore. Sed quando movens non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3004 est causa movendi, sed etiam est causa ipsius formae ad quam est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3005 motus, tunc non cessat actio moventis etiam post adeptionem formae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3006 sicut sol illuminat aerem etiam postquam est illuminatus. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3007 modo Deus causat in nobis et virtutem et cognitionem non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3008 quando primo acquirimus, sed etiam quandiu in eis perseveramus. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3009 sic cognitionem agendorum causat Deus in beatis, non quasi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3010 ignorantibus, sed quasi continuando in eis cognitionem eorum quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3011 agenda sunt. Tamen quaedam sunt quae beati, vel Angeli vel homines,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3012 non cognoscunt, quae non sunt de essentia beatitudinis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3013 pertinent ad gubernationem rerum secundum divinam providentiam. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3014 quantum ad hoc est aliud considerandum, scilicet quod mens beatorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3015 aliter movetur a Deo, et aliter mens viatorum. Nam mens viatorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3016 movetur a Deo in agendis per hoc quod sedatur anxietas dubitationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3017 in eis praecedens. In mente vero beatorum circa ea quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3018 cognoscunt est simplex nescientia, a qua etiam Angeli purgantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3019 secundum Dionysium, VI cap. Eccl. Hier., non autem praecedit in eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3020 inquisitio dubitationis, sed simplex conversio ad Deum. Et hoc est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3021 Deum consulere, sicut Augustinus dicit, V super Gen. ad Litt., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3022 Angeli de inferioribus Deum consulunt. Unde et instructio qua super
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3023 hoc a Deo instruuntur consilium dicitur. Et secundum hoc donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3024 consilii est in beatis, inquantum in eis a Deo continuatur cognitio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3025 eorum quae sciunt; et inquantum illuminantur de his quae nesciunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3026 circa agenda.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3027 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41214"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3028 "ref">[41214] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3029 ergo dicendum quod etiam in beatis sunt aliqui actus ordinati ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3030 finem, vel quasi procedentes ex consecutione finis, sicut quod Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3031 laudant; vel quibus alios pertrahunt ad finem quem ipsi sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3032 consecuti, sicut sunt ministeria Angelorum et orationes sanctorum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3033 Et quantum ad hoc habet in eis locum donum consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3034 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41215"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3035 "ref">[41215] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3036 dicendum quod dubitatio pertinet ad consilium secundum statum vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3037 praesentis, non autem pertinet secundum quod est consilium in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3038 patria. Sicut etiam virtutes cardinales non habent omnino eosdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3039 actus in patria et in via.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3040 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41216"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3041 "ref">[41216] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3042 dicendum quod consilium non est in Deo sicut in recipiente, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3043 sicut in dante. Hoc autem modo conformantur Deo sancti in patria,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3044 sicut recipiens influenti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3045 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3046 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3047 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="41217"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3048 "ref">[41217] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3049 sic proceditur. Videtur quod quinta beatitudo, quae est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3050 misericordia, non respondeat dono consilii. Omnes enim beatitudines
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3051 sunt quidam actus virtutum, ut supra habitum est. Sed per consilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3052 in omnibus virtutum actibus dirigimur. Ergo consilio non respondet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3053 magis quinta beatitudo quam alia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3054 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="41218"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3055 "ref">[41218] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3056 praecepta dantur de his quae sunt de necessitate salutis, consilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3057 autem datur de his quae non sunt de necessitate salutis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3058 Misericordia autem est de necessitate salutis, secundum illud Iac.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3059 II, <i>iudicium sine misericordia ei qui non fecit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3060 misericordiam</i>, paupertas autem non est de necessitate salutis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3061 sed pertinet ad perfectionem vitae, ut patet Matth. XIX. Ergo dono
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3062 consilii magis respondet beatitudo paupertatis quam beatitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3063 misericordiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3064 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="41219"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3065 "ref">[41219] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3066 fructus consequuntur ad beatitudines, important enim delectationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3067 quandam spiritualem quae consequitur perfectos actus virtutum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3068 inter fructus non ponitur aliquid respondens dono consilii, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3069 patet Gal. V. Ergo etiam beatitudo misericordiae non respondet dono
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3070 consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3071 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 s. c."><a name="41220"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3072 "ref">[41220] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3073 est quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Serm. Dom. in monte,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3074 <i>consilium convenit misericordibus, quia unicum remedium est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3075 tantis malis erui, dimittere aliis et dare</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3076 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 co."><a name="41221"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3077 "ref">[41221] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3078 dicendum quod consilium proprie est de his quae sunt utilia ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3079 finem. Unde ea quae maxime sunt utilia ad finem maxime debent
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3080 correspondere dono consilii. Hoc autem est misericordia, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3081 illud I ad Tim. IV, <i>pietas ad omnia utilis est</i>. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3082 specialiter dono consilii respondet beatitudo misericordiae, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3083 sicut elicienti, sed sicut dirigenti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3084 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="41222"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3085 "ref">[41222] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3086 ergo dicendum quod etsi consilium dirigat in omnibus actibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3087 virtutum, specialiter tamen dirigit in operibus misericordiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3088 ratione iam dicta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3089 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="41223"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3090 "ref">[41223] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3091 dicendum quod consilium, secundum quod est donum spiritus sancti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3092 dirigit nos in omnibus quae ordinantur in finem vitae aeternae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3093 sive sint de necessitate salutis sive non. Et tamen non omne opus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3094 misericordiae est de necessitate salutis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3095 <p title="II-II q. 52 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="41224"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3096 "ref">[41224] II&ordf;-IIae q. 52 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3097 dicendum quod fructus importat quoddam ultimum. In practicis autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3098 non est ultimum in cognitione, sed in operatione, quae est finis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3099 Et ideo inter fructus nihil ponitur quod pertineat ad cognitionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3100 practicam, sed solum ea quae pertinent ad operationes, in quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3101 cognitio practica dirigit. Inter quae ponitur bonitas et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3102 benignitas, quae respondent misericordiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3103 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3104 <div class="D">Quaestio 53</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3105 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3106 <p title="II-II q. 53 pr."><a name="41225"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3107 "ref">[41225] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3108 considerandum est de vitiis oppositis prudentiae. Dicit autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3109 Augustinus, in IV contra Iulian., quod <i>omnibus virtutibus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3110 solum sunt vitia manifesta discretione contraria, sicut prudentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3111 temeritas, verum etiam vicina quodammodo, nec veritate, sed quadam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3112 specie fallente similia, sicut ipsi prudentiae astutia</i>. Primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3113 ergo considerandum est de vitiis quae manifeste contrarietatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3114 habent ad prudentiam, quae scilicet vitia proveniunt ex defectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3115 prudentiae vel eorum quae ad prudentiam requiruntur; secundo, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3116 vitiis quae habent quandam similitudinem falsam cum prudentia quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3117 scilicet contingunt per abusum eorum quae ad prudentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3118 requiruntur. Quia vero sollicitudo ad prudentiam pertinet, circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3119 primum consideranda sunt duo, primo quidem, de imprudentia;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3120 secundo, de negligentia, quae sollicitudini opponitur. Circa primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3121 quaeruntur sex. Primo, de imprudentia, utrum sit peccatum. Secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3122 utrum sit speciale peccatum. Tertio, de praecipitatione, sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3123 temeritate. Quarto, de inconsideratione. Quinto, de inconstantia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3124 Sexto, de origine horum vitiorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3125 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3126 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3127 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41226"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3128 "ref">[41226] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3129 sic proceditur. Videtur quod imprudentia non sit peccatum. Omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3130 enim peccatum est voluntarium, ut Augustinus dicit. Imprudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3131 autem non est aliquid voluntarium, nullus enim vult esse imprudens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3132 Ergo imprudentia non est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3133 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41227"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3134 "ref">[41227] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3135 nullum peccatum nascitur cum homine nisi originale. Sed imprudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3136 nascitur cum homine, unde et iuvenes imprudentes sunt. Nec est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3137 originale peccatum, quod opponitur originali iustitiae. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3138 imprudentia non est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3139 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41228"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3140 "ref">[41228] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3141 omne peccatum per poenitentiam tollitur. Sed imprudentia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3142 tollitur per poenitentiam. Ergo imprudentia non est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3143 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41229"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3144 "ref">[41229] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3145 spiritualis thesaurus gratiae non tollitur nisi per peccatum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3146 Tollitur autem per imprudentiam, secundum illud Prov. XXI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3147 <i>thesaurus desiderabilis et oleum in habitaculo iusti, et homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3148 imprudens dissipabit illud</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3149 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 co."><a name="41230"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3150 "ref">[41230] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3151 dicendum quod imprudentia dupliciter accipi potest, uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3152 privative; alio modo, contrarie. Negative autem non proprie
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3153 dicitur, ita scilicet quod importet solam carentiam prudentiae,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3154 quae potest esse sine peccato. Privative quidem imprudentia dicitur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3155 inquantum aliquis caret prudentia quam natus est et debet habere.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3156 Et secundum hoc imprudentia est peccatum ratione negligentiae, qua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3157 quis non adhibet studium ad prudentiam habendam. Contrarie vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3158 accipitur imprudentia secundum quod ratio contrario modo movetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3159 vel agit prudentiae. Puta, si recta ratio prudentiae agit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3160 consiliando, imprudens consilium spernit, et sic de aliis quae in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3161 actu prudentis observanda sunt. Et hoc modo imprudentia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3162 peccatum secundum rationem propriam prudentiae. Non enim potest hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3163 contingere quod homo contra prudentiam agat, nisi divertens a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3164 regulis quibus ratio prudentiae rectificatur. Unde si hoc contingat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3165 per aversionem a regulis divinis, est peccatum mortale, puta cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3166 quis quasi contemnens et repudians divina documenta, praecipitanter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3167 agit. Si vero praeter eas agat absque contemptu, et absque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3168 detrimento eorum quae sunt de necessitate salutis, est peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3169 veniale.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3170 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41231"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3171 "ref">[41231] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3172 ergo dicendum quod deformitatem imprudentiae nullus vult, sed actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3173 imprudentiae vult temerarius, qui vult praecipitanter agere. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3174 et philosophus dicit, VI Ethic., quod <i>ille qui circa prudentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3175 peccat volens, minus acceptatur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3176 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41232"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3177 "ref">[41232] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3178 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit de imprudentia secundum quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3179 sumitur negative. Sciendum tamen quod carentia prudentiae et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3180 cuiuslibet virtutis includitur in carentia originalis iustitiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3181 quae totam animam perficiebat. Et secundum hoc omnes isti defectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3182 virtutum possunt reduci ad originale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3183 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41233"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3184 "ref">[41233] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3185 dicendum quod per poenitentiam restituitur prudentia infusa, et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3186 cessat carentia huius prudentiae. Non tamen restituitur prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3187 acquisita quantum ad habitum, sed tollitur actus contrarius, in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3188 proprie consistit peccatum imprudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3189 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3190 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3191 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41234"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3192 "ref">[41234] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3193 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod imprudentia non sit speciale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3194 peccatum. Quicumque enim peccat agit contra rationem rectam, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3195 est prudentia. Sed imprudentia consistit in hoc quod aliquis agit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3196 contra prudentiam, ut dictum est. Ergo imprudentia non est speciale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3197 peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3198 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41235"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3199 "ref">[41235] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3200 prudentia magis est affinis moralibus actibus quam scientia. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3201 ignorantia, quae opponitur scientiae, ponitur inter generales
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3202 causas peccati. Ergo multo magis imprudentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3203 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41236"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3204 "ref">[41236] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3205 peccata contingunt ex hoc quod virtutum circumstantiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3206 corrumpuntur, unde et Dionysius dicit, IV cap. de Div. Nom., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3207 <i>malum contingit ex singularibus defectibus</i>. Sed multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3208 requiruntur ad prudentiam, sicut ratio, intellectus, docilitas, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3209 cetera quae supra posita sunt. Ergo multae sunt imprudentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3210 species. Ergo non est peccatum speciale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3211 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41237"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3212 "ref">[41237] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3213 imprudentia est contrarium prudentiae, ut dictum est. Sed prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3214 est una virtus specialis. Ergo imprudentia est unum vitium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3215 speciale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3216 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 co."><a name="41238"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3217 "ref">[41238] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3218 dicendum quod aliquod vitium vel peccatum potest dici generale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3219 dupliciter, uno modo, absolute, quia scilicet est generale respectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3220 omnium peccatorum; alio modo, quia est generale respectu quorundam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3221 vitiorum quae sunt species eius. Primo autem modo potest dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3222 aliquod vitium generale dupliciter. Uno modo, per essentiam, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3223 scilicet praedicatur de omnibus peccatis. Et hoc modo imprudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3224 non est generale peccatum, sicut nec prudentia generalis virtus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3225 cum sint circa actus speciales, scilicet circa ipsos actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3226 rationis. Alio modo, per participationem. Et hoc modo imprudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3227 est generale peccatum. Sicut enim prudentia participatur quodammodo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3228 in omnibus virtutibus, inquantum est directiva earum, ita et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3229 imprudentia in omnibus vitiis et peccatis, nullum enim peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3230 accidere potest nisi sit defectus in aliquo actu rationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3231 dirigentis, quod pertinet ad imprudentiam. Si vero dicatur peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3232 generale non simpliciter, sed secundum aliquod genus, quia scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3233 continet sub se multas species; sic imprudentia est generale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3234 peccatum. Continet enim sub se diversas species tripliciter. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3235 quidem modo, per oppositum ad diversas partes subiectivas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3236 prudentiae. Sicut enim distinguitur prudentia in monasticam, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3237 est regitiva unius, et in alias species prudentiae quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3238 multitudinis regitivae, ut supra habitum est; ita etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3239 imprudentia. Alio modo, secundum partes quasi potentiales
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3240 prudentiae, quae sunt virtutes adiunctae, et accipiuntur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3241 diversos actus rationis. Et hoc modo, quantum ad defectum consilii,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3242 circa quod est eubulia, est praecipitatio, sive temeritas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3243 imprudentiae species. Quantum vero ad defectum iudicii, circa quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3244 sunt synesis et gnome, est inconsideratio. Quantum vero ad ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3245 praeceptum, quod est proprius actus prudentiae, est inconstantia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3246 negligentia. Tertio modo possunt sumi per oppositum ad ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3247 requiruntur ad prudentiam, quae sunt quasi partes integrales
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3248 prudentiae. Sed quia omnia illa ordinantur ad dirigendum praedictos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3249 tres rationis actus, inde est quod omnes defectus oppositi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3250 reducuntur ad quatuor praedictas partes. Sicut incautela et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3251 incircumspectio includitur sub inconsideratione. Quod autem aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3252 deficiat a docilitate vel memoria vel ratione, pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3253 praecipitationem. Improvidentia vero et defectus intelligentiae et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3254 solertiae pertinent ad negligentiam et inconstantiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3255 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41239"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3256 "ref">[41239] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3257 ergo dicendum quod ratio illa procedit de generalitate quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3258 secundum participationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3259 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41240"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3260 "ref">[41240] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3261 dicendum quod quia scientia est magis remota a moralibus quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3262 prudentia secundum propriam rationem utriusque, inde est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3263 ignorantia non habet de se rationem peccati moralis, sed solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3264 ratione negligentiae praecedentis vel effectus sequentis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3265 propter hoc ponitur inter generales causas peccati. Sed imprudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3266 secundum propriam rationem importat vitium morale. Et ideo magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3267 potest poni speciale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3268 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41241"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3269 "ref">[41241] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3270 dicendum quod quando corruptio diversarum circumstantiarum habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3271 idem motivum, non diversificatur peccati species, sicut eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3272 speciei est peccatum ut aliquis accipiat non sua ubi non debet, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3273 quando non debet. Sed si sint diversa motiva, tunc essent diversae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3274 species, puta si unus acciperet unde non deberet ut faceret
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3275 iniuriam loco sacro, quod faceret speciem sacrilegii; alius quando
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3276 non debet propter solum superfluum appetitum habendi, quod esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3277 simplex avaritia. Et ideo defectus eorum quae requiruntur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3278 prudentiam non diversificant species nisi quatenus ordinantur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3279 diversos actus rationis, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3280 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3281 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3282 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41242"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3283 "ref">[41242] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3284 sic proceditur. Videtur quod praecipitatio non sit peccatum sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3285 imprudentia contentum. Imprudentia enim opponitur virtuti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3286 prudentiae. Sed praecipitatio opponitur dono consilii, dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3287 Gregorius, in II Moral., quod donum consilii datur contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3288 praecipitationem. Ergo praecipitatio non est peccatum sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3289 imprudentia contentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3290 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41243"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3291 "ref">[41243] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3292 praecipitatio videtur ad temeritatem pertinere. Temeritas autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3293 praesumptionem importat, quae pertinet ad superbiam. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3294 praecipitatio non est vitium sub imprudentia contentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3295 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41244"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3296 "ref">[41244] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3297 praecipitatio videtur importare quandam inordinatam festinationem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3298 Sed in consiliando non solum contingit esse peccatum per hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3299 aliquis est festinus, sed etiam si sit nimis tardus, ita quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3300 praetereat opportunitas operis; et etiam secundum inordinationes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3301 aliarum circumstantiarum, ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Ergo non magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3302 praecipitatio debet poni peccatum sub imprudentia contentum quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3303 tarditas, aut aliqua alia huiusmodi ad inordinationem consilii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3304 pertinentia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3305 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41245"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3306 "ref">[41245] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3307 est quod dicitur Prov. IV, <i>via impiorum tenebrosa, nesciunt ubi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3308 corruant</i>. Tenebrae autem viae impietatis pertinent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3309 imprudentiam. Ergo corruere, sive praecipitari, ad imprudentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3310 pertinet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3311 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 co."><a name="41246"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3312 "ref">[41246] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3313 dicendum quod praecipitatio in actibus animae metaphorice dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3314 secundum similitudinem a corporali motu acceptam. Dicitur autem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3315 praecipitari secundum corporalem motum quod a superiori in ima
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3316 pervenit secundum impetum quendam proprii motus vel alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3317 impellentis, non ordinate incedendo per gradus. Summum autem animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3318 est ipsa ratio. Imum autem est operatio per corpus exercita. Gradus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3319 autem medii, per quos oportet ordinate descendere, sunt memoria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3320 praeteritorum, intelligentia praesentium, solertia in considerandis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3321 futuris eventibus, ratiocinatio conferens unum alteri, docilitas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3322 per quam aliquis acquiescit sententiis maiorum, per quos quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3323 gradus aliquis ordinate descendit recte consiliando. Si quis autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3324 feratur ad agendum per impetum voluntatis vel passionis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3325 pertransitis huiusmodi gradibus, erit praecipitatio. Cum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3326 inordinatio consilii ad imprudentiam pertineat, manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3327 vitium praecipitationis sub imprudentia continetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3328 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41247"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3329 "ref">[41247] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3330 ergo dicendum quod consilii rectitudo pertinet ad donum consilii et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3331 ad virtutem prudentiae, licet diversimode, ut supra dictum est. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3332 ideo praecipitatio utrique contrariatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3333 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41248"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3334 "ref">[41248] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3335 dicendum quod illa dicuntur fieri temere quae ratione non reguntur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3336 Quod quidem potest contingere dupliciter. Uno modo, ex impetu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3337 voluntatis vel passionis. Alio modo, ex contemptu regulae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3338 dirigentis, et hoc proprie importat temeritas. Unde videtur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3339 radice superbiae provenire, quae refugit subesse regulae alienae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3340 Praecipitatio autem se habet ad utrumque. Unde temeritas sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3341 praecipitatione continetur, quamvis praecipitatio magis respiciat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3342 primum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3343 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41249"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3344 "ref">[41249] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3345 dicendum quod in inquisitione consilii multa particularia sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3346 consideranda, et ideo philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3347 consiliari tarde</i>. Unde praecipitatio directius opponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3348 rectitudini consilii quam tarditas superflua, quae habet quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3349 similitudinem recti consilii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3350 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3351 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3352 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="41250"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3353 "ref">[41250] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3354 sic proceditur. Videtur quod inconsideratio non sit peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3355 speciale sub imprudentia contentum. Lex enim divina ad nullum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3356 peccatum nos inducit, secundum illud Psalm., <i>lex domini
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3357 immaculata</i>. Inducit autem ad non considerandum, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3358 Matth. X, <i>nolite cogitare quomodo aut quid loquamini</i>. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3359 inconsideratio non est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3360 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="41251"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3361 "ref">[41251] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3362 quicumque consiliatur oportet quod multa consideret. Sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3363 defectum consilii est praecipitatio; et per consequens ex defectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3364 considerationis. Ergo praecipitatio sub inconsideratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3365 continetur. Non ergo inconsideratio est speciale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3366 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="41252"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3367 "ref">[41252] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3368 prudentia consistit in actibus rationis practicae, qui sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3369 consiliari, iudicare de consiliatis, et praecipere. Sed considerare
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3370 praecedit omnes istos actus, quia pertinet etiam ad intellectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3371 speculativum. Ergo inconsideratio non est speciale peccatum sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3372 imprudentia contentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3373 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 s. c."><a name="41253"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3374 "ref">[41253] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3375 est quod dicitur Prov. IV, <i>oculi tui videant recta, et palpebrae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3376 tuae praecedant gressus tuos</i>, quod pertinet ad prudentiam. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3377 contrarium huius agitur per inconsiderationem. Ergo inconsideratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3378 est speciale peccatum sub imprudentia contentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3379 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 co."><a name="41254"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3380 "ref">[41254] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3381 dicendum quod consideratio importat actum intellectus veritatem rei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3382 intuentis. Sicut autem inquisitio pertinet ad rationem, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3383 iudicium pertinet ad intellectum, unde et in speculativis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3384 demonstrativa scientia dicitur iudicativa, inquantum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3385 resolutionem in prima principia intelligibilia de veritate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3386 inquisitorum diiudicatur. Et ideo consideratio maxime pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3387 iudicium. Unde et defectus recti iudicii ad vitium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3388 inconsiderationis pertinet, prout scilicet aliquis in recte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3389 iudicando deficit ex hoc quod contemnit vel negligit attendere ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3390 ex quibus rectum iudicium procedit. Unde manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3391 inconsideratio est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3392 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="41255"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3393 "ref">[41255] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3394 ergo dicendum quod dominus non prohibet considerare ea quae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3395 agenda vel dicenda, quando homo habet opportunitatem. Sed dat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3396 fiduciam discipulis in verbis inductis ut, deficiente sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3397 opportunitate vel propter imperitiam vel quia subito
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3398 praeoccupantur, in solo divino confidant consilio, quia <i>cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3399 ignoramus quid agere debeamus, hoc solum habemus residui, ut oculos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3400 nostros dirigamus ad Deum</i>, sicut dicitur II Paral. XX.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3401 Alioquin, si homo praetermittat facere quod potest, solum divinum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3402 auxilium expectans, videtur tentare Deum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3403 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="41256"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3404 "ref">[41256] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3405 dicendum quod tota consideratio eorum quae in consilio attenduntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3406 ordinatur ad recte iudicandum, et ideo consideratio in iudicio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3407 perficitur. Unde etiam inconsideratio maxime opponitur rectitudini
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3408 iudicii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3409 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="41257"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3410 "ref">[41257] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3411 dicendum quod inconsideratio hic accipitur secundum determinatam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3412 materiam, idest secundum agibilia humana, in quibus plura sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3413 attendenda ad recte iudicandum quam etiam in speculativis; quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3414 operationes sunt in singularibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3415 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3416 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3417 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="41258"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3418 "ref">[41258] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3419 sic proceditur. Videtur quod inconstantia non sit vitium sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3420 imprudentia contentum. Inconstantia enim videtur in hoc consistere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3421 quod homo non persistat in aliquo difficili. Sed persistere in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3422 difficilibus pertinet ad fortitudinem. Ergo inconstantia magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3423 opponitur fortitudini quam prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3424 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="41259"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3425 "ref">[41259] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3426 Iac. III dicitur, <i>ubi zelus et contentio, ibi inconstantia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3427 omne opus pravum</i>. Sed zelus ad invidiam pertinet. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3428 inconstantia non pertinet ad imprudentiam, sed magis ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3429 invidiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3430 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="41260"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3431 "ref">[41260] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3432 ille videtur esse inconstans qui non perseverat in eo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3433 proposuerat. Quod quidem pertinet in delectationibus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3434 incontinentem, in tristitiis autem ad mollem sive delicatum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3435 dicitur VII Ethic. Ergo inconstantia non pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3436 imprudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3437 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 s. c."><a name="41261"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3438 "ref">[41261] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3439 est quod ad prudentiam pertinet praeferre maius bonum minus bono.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3440 Ergo desistere a meliori pertinet ad imprudentiam. Sed hoc est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3441 inconstantia. Ergo inconstantia pertinet ad imprudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3442 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 co."><a name="41262"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3443 "ref">[41262] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3444 dicendum quod inconstantia importat recessum quendam a bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3445 proposito definito. Huiusmodi autem recessus principium quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3446 habet a vi appetitiva, non enim aliquis recedit a priori bono
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3447 proposito nisi propter aliquid quod sibi inordinate placet. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3448 iste recessus non consummatur nisi per defectum rationis, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3449 fallitur in hoc quod repudiat id quod recte acceptaverat, et quia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3450 cum possit resistere impulsui passionis, si non resistat, hoc est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3451 ex debilitate ipsius, quae non tenet se firmiter in bono concepto.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3452 Et ideo inconstantia, quantum ad sui consummationem, pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3453 defectum rationis. Sicut autem omnis rectitudo rationis practicae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3454 pertinet aliqualiter ad prudentiam, ita omnis defectus eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3455 pertinet ad imprudentiam. Et ideo inconstantia, secundum sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3456 consummationem, ad imprudentiam pertinet. Et sicut praecipitatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3457 est ex defectu circa actum consilii, et inconsideratio circa actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3458 iudicii, ita inconstantia circa actum praecepti, ex hoc enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3459 dicitur aliquis esse inconstans quod ratio deficit in praecipiendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3460 ea quae sunt consiliata et iudicata.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3461 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="41263"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3462 "ref">[41263] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3463 ergo dicendum quod bonum prudentiae participatur in omnibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3464 virtutibus moralibus, et secundum hoc persistere in bono pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3465 ad omnes virtutes morales. Praecipue tamen ad fortitudinem, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3466 patitur maiorem impulsum ad contrarium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3467 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="41264"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3468 "ref">[41264] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3469 dicendum quod invidia et ira, quae est contentionis principium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3470 faciunt inconstantiam ex parte appetitivae virtutis, ex qua est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3471 principium inconstantiae, ut dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3472 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="41265"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3473 "ref">[41265] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3474 dicendum quod continentia et perseverantia non videntur esse in vi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3475 appetitiva, sed solum in ratione. Continens enim patitur quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3476 perversas concupiscentias, et perseverans graves tristitias, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3477 designat defectum appetitivae virtutis, sed ratio firmiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3478 persistit, continentis quidem contra concupiscentias, perseverantis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3479 autem contra tristitias. Unde continentia et perseverantia videntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3480 esse species constantiae ad rationem pertinentis, ad quam etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3481 pertinet inconstantia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3482 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3483 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3484 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="41266"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3485 "ref">[41266] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3486 sic proceditur. Videtur quod praedicta vitia non oriantur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3487 luxuria. Inconstantia enim oritur ex invidia, ut dictum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3488 invidia est vitium distinctum a luxuria. Ergo praedicta vitia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3489 oriuntur ex luxuria.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3490 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="41267"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3491 "ref">[41267] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3492 Iac. I dicitur, <i>vir duplex animo inconstans est in omnibus viis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3493 suis</i>. Sed duplicitas non videtur ad luxuriam pertinere, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3494 magis ad dolositatem, quae est filia avaritiae, secundum Gregorium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3495 XXXI Moral. Ergo praedicta vitia non oriuntur ex luxuria.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3496 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="41268"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3497 "ref">[41268] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3498 praedicta vitia pertinent ad defectum rationis. Sed vitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3499 spiritualia propinquiora sunt rationi quam vitia carnalia. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3500 praedicta vitia magis oriuntur ex vitiis spiritualibus quam ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3501 vitiis carnalibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3502 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 s. c."><a name="41269"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3503 "ref">[41269] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3504 est quod Gregorius, XXXI Moral., ponit praedicta vitia ex luxuria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3505 oriri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3506 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 co."><a name="41270"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3507 "ref">[41270] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3508 dicendum quod, sicut philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic., <i>delectatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3509 maxime corrumpit existimationem prudentiae</i>, et praecipue
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3510 delectatio quae est in venereis, quae totam animam absorbet et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3511 trahit ad sensibilem delectationem; perfectio autem prudentiae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3512 cuiuslibet intellectualis virtutis, consistit in abstractione a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3513 sensibilibus. Unde cum praedicta vitia pertineant ad defectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3514 prudentiae et rationis practicae, sicut habitum est, sequitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3515 ex luxuria maxime oriantur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3516 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="41271"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3517 "ref">[41271] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3518 ergo dicendum quod invidia et ira causant inconstantiam pertrahendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3519 rationem ad aliud, sed luxuria causat inconstantiam totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3520 extinguendo iudicium rationis. Unde philosophus dicit, in VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3521 Ethic., quod <i>incontinens irae audit quidem rationem, sed non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3522 perfecte, incontinens autem concupiscentiae totaliter eam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3523 audit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3524 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="41272"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3525 "ref">[41272] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3526 dicendum quod etiam duplicitas animi est quoddam consequens ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3527 luxuriam, sicut et inconstantia, prout duplicitas animi importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3528 vertibilitatem animi ad diversa. Unde et Terentius dicit, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3529 eunucho, quod <i>in amore est bellum, et rursus pax et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3530 indutiae</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3531 <p title="II-II q. 53 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="41273"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3532 "ref">[41273] II&ordf;-IIae q. 53 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3533 dicendum quod vitia carnalia intantum magis extinguunt iudicium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3534 rationis inquantum longius abducunt a ratione.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3535 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3536 <div class="D">Quaestio 54</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3537 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3538 <p title="II-II q. 54 pr."><a name="41274"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3539 "ref">[41274] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3540 considerandum est de negligentia. Et circa hoc quaeruntur tria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3541 Primo, utrum negligentia sit peccatum speciale. Secundo, cui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3542 virtuti opponatur. Tertio, utrum negligentia sit peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3543 mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3544 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3545 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3546 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41275"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3547 "ref">[41275] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3548 sic proceditur. Videtur quod negligentia non sit peccatum speciale.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3549 Negligentia enim diligentiae opponitur. Sed diligentia requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3550 in qualibet virtute, sicut et eligentia. Ergo negligentia non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3551 peccatum speciale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3552 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41276"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3553 "ref">[41276] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3554 illud quod invenitur in quolibet peccato non est speciale peccatum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3555 Sed negligentia invenitur in quolibet peccato, quia omnis qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3556 peccat negligit ea per quae a peccato retraheretur; et qui in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3557 peccato perseverat negligit conteri de peccato. Ergo negligentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3558 non est speciale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3559 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41277"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3560 "ref">[41277] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3561 omne peccatum speciale habet materiam determinatam. Sed negligentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3562 non videtur habere determinatam materiam, neque enim est circa mala
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3563 aut indifferentia, quia ea praetermittere nulli ad negligentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3564 deputatur; similiter etiam non est circa bona, quia si negligenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3565 aguntur, iam non sunt bona. Ergo videtur quod negligentia non sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3566 vitium speciale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3567 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41278"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3568 "ref">[41278] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3569 est quod peccata quae committuntur ex negligentia distinguuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3570 contra peccata quae committuntur ex contemptu.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3571 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 co."><a name="41279"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3572 "ref">[41279] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3573 dicendum quod negligentia importat defectum debitae sollicitudinis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3574 Omnis autem defectus debiti actus habet rationem peccati. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3575 manifestum est quod negligentia habet rationem peccati, et eo modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3576 quo sollicitudo est specialis virtutis actus, necesse est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3577 negligentia sit speciale peccatum. Sunt enim aliqua peccata
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3578 specialia quia sunt circa aliquam materiam specialem, sicut luxuria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3579 est circa venerea, quaedam autem sunt vitia specialia propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3580 specialitatem actus se extendentis ad omnem materiam. Et huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3581 sunt omnia vitia quae sunt circa actum rationis, nam quilibet actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3582 rationis se extendit ad quamlibet materiam moralem. Et ideo, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3583 sollicitudo sit quidam specialis actus rationis, ut supra habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3584 est, consequens est quod negligentia, quae importat defectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3585 sollicitudinis, sit speciale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3586 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41280"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3587 "ref">[41280] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3588 ergo dicendum quod diligentia videtur esse idem sollicitudini, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3589 in his quae diligimus maiorem sollicitudinem adhibemus. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3590 diligentia, sicut et sollicitudo, requiritur ad quamlibet virtutem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3591 inquantum in qualibet virtute requiruntur debiti actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3592 rationis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3593 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41281"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3594 "ref">[41281] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3595 dicendum quod in quolibet peccato necesse est esse defectum circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3596 aliquem actum rationis, puta defectum consilii et aliorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3597 huiusmodi. Unde sicut praecipitatio est speciale peccatum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3598 specialem actum rationis qui praetermittitur, scilicet consilium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3599 quamvis possit inveniri in quolibet genere peccatorum; ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3600 negligentia est speciale peccatum propter defectum specialis actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3601 rationis qui est sollicitudo, quamvis inveniatur aliqualiter in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3602 omnibus peccatis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3603 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41282"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3604 "ref">[41282] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3605 dicendum quod materia negligentiae proprie sunt bona quae quis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3606 agere debet, non quod ipsa sunt bona cum negligenter aguntur; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3607 quia per negligentiam accidit defectus bonitatis in eis, sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3608 praetermittatur totaliter actus debitus propter defectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3609 sollicitudinis, sive etiam aliqua debita circumstantia actus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3610 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3611 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3612 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41283"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3613 "ref">[41283] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3614 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod negligentia non opponatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3615 prudentiae. Negligentia enim videtur esse idem quod pigritia vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3616 torpor, qui pertinet ad acediam, ut patet per Gregorium, XXXI
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3617 Moral. Acedia autem non opponitur prudentiae, sed magis caritati,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3618 ut supra dictum est. Ergo negligentia non opponitur prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3619 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41284"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3620 "ref">[41284] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3621 ad negligentiam videtur pertinere omne peccatum omissionis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3622 peccatum omissionis non opponitur prudentiae, sed magis virtutibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3623 moralibus executivis. Ergo negligentia non opponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3624 prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3625 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41285"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3626 "ref">[41285] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3627 imprudentia est circa aliquem actum rationis. Sed negligentia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3628 importat defectum neque circa consilium, in quo deficit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3629 praecipitatio; neque circa iudicium, in quo deficit inconsideratio;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3630 neque circa praeceptum, in quo deficit inconstantia. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3631 negligentia non pertinet ad imprudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3632 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 arg. 4"><a name="41286"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3633 "ref">[41286] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3634 dicitur Eccle. VII, <i>qui timet Deum nihil negligit</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3635 unumquodque peccatum praecipue excluditur per virtutem oppositam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3636 Ergo negligentia magis opponitur timori quam prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3637 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41287"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3638 "ref">[41287] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3639 est quod dicitur Eccli. XX, <i>lascivus et imprudens non observant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3640 tempus</i>. Sed hoc pertinet ad negligentiam. Ergo negligentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3641 opponitur prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3642 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 co."><a name="41288"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3643 "ref">[41288] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3644 dicendum quod negligentia directe opponitur sollicitudini.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3645 Sollicitudo autem ad rationem pertinet, et rectitudo sollicitudinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3646 ad prudentiam. Unde, per oppositum, negligentia ad imprudentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3647 pertinet. Et hoc etiam ex ipso nomine apparet. Quia sicut Isidorus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3648 dicit, in libro Etymol., <i>negligens dicitur quasi nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3649 eligens</i>. Electio autem recta eorum quae sunt ad finem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3650 prudentiam pertinet. Unde negligentia pertinet ad imprudentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3651 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41289"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3652 "ref">[41289] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3653 ergo dicendum quod negligentia consistit in defectu interioris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3654 actus, ad quem pertinet etiam electio. Pigritia autem et torpor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3655 magis pertinent ad executionem, ita tamen quod pigritia importat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3656 tarditatem ad exequendum; torpor remissionem quandam importat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3657 ipsa executione. Et ideo convenienter torpor ex acedia nascitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3658 quia acedia est tristitia aggravans, idest impediens animum ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3659 operando.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3660 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41290"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3661 "ref">[41290] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3662 dicendum quod omissio pertinet ad exteriorem actum, est enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3663 omissio quando praetermittitur aliquis actus debitus. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3664 opponitur iustitiae. Et est effectus negligentiae, sicut etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3665 executio iusti operis est effectus rationis rectae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3666 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41291"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3667 "ref">[41291] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3668 dicendum quod negligentia est circa actum praecipiendi ad quem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3669 etiam pertinet sollicitudo. Aliter tamen circa hunc actum deficit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3670 negligens, et aliter inconstans. Inconstans enim deficit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3671 praecipiendo quasi ab aliquo impeditus, negligens autem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3672 defectum promptae voluntatis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3673 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 2 ad 4"><a name="41292"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3674 "ref">[41292] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 2 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3675 dicendum quod timor Dei operatur ad vitationem cuiuslibet peccati,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3676 quia ut dicitur Prov. XV, <i>per timorem domini declinat omnis a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3677 malo</i>. Et ideo timor facit negligentiam vitare. Non tamen ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3678 quod directe negligentia timori opponatur, sed inquantum timor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3679 excitat hominem ad actus rationis. Unde etiam supra habitum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3680 cum de passionibus ageretur, quod timor facit consiliativos.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3681 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3682 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3683 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41293"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3684 "ref">[41293] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3685 sic proceditur. Videtur quod negligentia non possit esse peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3686 mortale. Quia super illud Iob IX, <i>verebar opera mea</i> etc.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3687 dicit Glossa Gregorii quod illam, scilicet negligentiam, <i>minor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3688 amor Dei exaggerat</i>. Sed ubicumque est peccatum mortale,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3689 totaliter tollitur amor Dei. Ergo negligentia non est peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3690 mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3691 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41294"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3692 "ref">[41294] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3693 super illud Eccli. VII, <i>de negligentia purga te cum paucis</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3694 dicit Glossa, <i>quamvis oblatio parva sit, multorum delictorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3695 purgat negligentias</i>. Sed hoc non esset si negligentia esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3696 peccatum mortale. Ergo negligentia non est peccatum mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3697 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41295"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3698 "ref">[41295] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3699 in lege fuerunt statuta sacrificia pro peccatis mortalibus, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3700 patet in Levitico. Sed nullum fuit statutum sacrificium pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3701 negligentia. Ergo negligentia non est peccatum mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3702 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41296"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3703 "ref">[41296] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3704 est quod habetur Prov. XIX, <i>qui negligit vitam suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3705 mortificabitur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3706 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 co."><a name="41297"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3707 "ref">[41297] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3708 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, negligentia provenit ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3709 quadam remissione voluntatis, per quam contingit quod ratio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3710 sollicitatur ut praecipiat ea quae debet vel eo modo quo debet.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3711 Potest ergo dupliciter contingere quod negligentia sit peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3712 mortale. Uno modo, ex parte eius quod praetermittitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3713 negligentiam. Quod quidem si sit de necessitate salutis, sive sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3714 actus sive circumstantia, erit peccatum mortale. Alio modo, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3715 parte causae. Si enim voluntas intantum sit remissa circa ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3716 sunt Dei ut totaliter a Dei caritate deficiat, talis negligentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3717 est peccatum mortale. Et hoc praecipue contingit quando negligentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3718 sequitur ex contemptu. Alioquin, si negligentia consistat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3719 praetermissione alicuius actus vel circumstantiae quae non sit de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3720 necessitate salutis; nec hoc fiat ex contemptu, sed ex aliquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3721 defectu fervoris, qui impeditur interdum per aliquod veniale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3722 peccatum, tunc negligentia non est peccatum mortale, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3723 veniale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3724 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41298"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3725 "ref">[41298] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3726 ergo dicendum quod minor amor Dei potest intelligi dupliciter. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3727 modo, per defectum fervoris caritatis, et sic causatur negligentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3728 quae est peccatum veniale. Alio modo, per defectum ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3729 caritatis, sicut dicitur minor amor Dei quando aliquis diligit Deum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3730 solum amore naturali. Et tunc causatur negligentia quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3731 peccatum mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3732 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41299"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3733 "ref">[41299] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3734 dicendum quod <i>parva oblatio cum humili mente et pura dilectione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3735 facta</i>, ut ibi dicitur, non solum purgat peccata venialia, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3736 etiam mortalia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3737 <p title="II-II q. 54 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41300"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3738 "ref">[41300] II&ordf;-IIae q. 54 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3739 dicendum quod quando negligentia consistit in praetermissione eorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3740 quae sunt de necessitate salutis, tunc trahitur ad aliud genus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3741 peccati magis manifestum. Peccata enim quae consistunt in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3742 interioribus actibus sunt magis occulta. Et ideo pro eis certa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3743 sacrificia non iniungebantur in lege, quia sacrificiorum oblatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3744 erat quaedam publica protestatio peccati, quae non est facienda de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3745 peccato occulto.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3746 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3747 <div class="D">Quaestio 55</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3748 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3749 <p title="II-II q. 55 pr."><a name="41301"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3750 "ref">[41301] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3751 considerandum est de vitiis oppositis prudentiae quae habent
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3752 similitudinem cum ipsa. Et circa hoc quaeruntur octo. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3753 prudentia carnis sit peccatum. Secundo, utrum sit peccatum mortale.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3754 Tertio, utrum astutia sit peccatum speciale. Quarto, de dolo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3755 Quinto, de fraude. Sexto, de sollicitudine temporalium rerum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3756 Septimo, de sollicitudine futurorum. Octavo, de origine horum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3757 vitiorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3758 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3759 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3760 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41302"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3761 "ref">[41302] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3762 sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia carnis non sit peccatum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3763 Prudentia enim est nobilior virtus quam aliae virtutes morales,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3764 utpote omnium regitiva. Sed nulla iustitia vel temperantia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3765 peccatum. Ergo etiam neque aliqua prudentia est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3766 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41303"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3767 "ref">[41303] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3768 prudenter operari ad finem qui licite amatur non est peccatum. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3769 caro licite amatur, nemo enim unquam carnem suam odio habuit, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3770 habetur ad Ephes. V. Ergo prudentia carnis non est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3771 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41304"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3772 "ref">[41304] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3773 sicut homo tentatur a carne, ita etiam tentatur a mundo, et etiam a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3774 Diabolo. Sed non ponitur inter peccata aliqua prudentia mundi, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3775 etiam Diaboli. Ergo neque debet poni inter peccata aliqua prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3776 carnis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3777 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41305"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3778 "ref">[41305] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3779 nullus est inimicus Deo nisi propter iniquitatem, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3780 Sap. XIV, <i>simul odio sunt Deo impius et impietas eius</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3781 sicut dicitur ad Rom. VIII, <i>prudentia carnis inimica est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3782 Deo</i>. Ergo prudentia carnis est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3783 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 co."><a name="41306"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3784 "ref">[41306] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3785 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, prudentia est circa ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3786 sunt ad finem totius vitae. Et ideo prudentia carnis proprie
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3787 dicitur secundum quod aliquis bona carnis habet ut ultimum finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3788 suae vitae. Manifestum est autem quod hoc est peccatum, per hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3789 enim homo deordinatur circa ultimum finem, qui non consistit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3790 bonis corporis, sicut supra habitum est. Et ideo prudentia carnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3791 est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3792 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41307"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3793 "ref">[41307] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3794 ergo dicendum quod iustitia et temperantia in sui ratione important
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3795 id unde virtus laudatur, scilicet aequalitatem et concupiscentiarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3796 refrenationem, et ideo nunquam accipiuntur in malo. Sed nomen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3797 prudentiae sumitur a providendo, sicut supra dictum est, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3798 potest etiam ad mala extendi. Et ideo, licet prudentia simpliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3799 dicta in bono accipiatur, aliquo tamen addito potest accipi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3800 malo. Et secundum hoc dicitur prudentia carnis esse peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3801 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41308"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3802 "ref">[41308] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3803 dicendum quod caro est propter animam sicut materia propter formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3804 et instrumentum propter principale agens. Et ideo sic licite
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3805 diligitur caro ut ordinetur ad bonum animae sicut ad finem. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3806 autem in ipso bono carnis constituatur ultimus finis, erit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3807 inordinata et illicita dilectio. Et hoc modo ad amorem carnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3808 ordinatur prudentia carnis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3809 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41309"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3810 "ref">[41309] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3811 dicendum quod Diabolus nos tentat non per modum appetibilis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3812 per modum suggerentis. Et ideo, cum prudentia importet ordinem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3813 aliquem finem appetibilem, non ita dicitur prudentia Diaboli sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3814 prudentia respectu alicuius mali finis, sub cuius ratione tentat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3815 nos mundus et caro, inquantum scilicet proponuntur nobis ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3816 appetendum bona mundi vel carnis. Et ideo dicitur prudentia carnis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3817 et etiam prudentia mundi, secundum illud Luc. XVI, <i>filii huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3818 saeculi prudentiores sunt in generatione sua</i> et cetera.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3819 Apostolus autem totum comprehendit sub prudentia carnis, quia etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3820 exteriores res mundi appetimus propter carnem. Potest tamen dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3821 quod quia prudentia quodammodo dicitur sapientia, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3822 est, ideo secundum tres tentationes potest intelligi triplex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3823 prudentia. Unde dicitur Iac. III sapientia esse terrena, animalis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3824 diabolica, ut supra expositum est cum de sapientia ageretur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3825 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3826 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3827 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41310"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3828 "ref">[41310] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3829 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod prudentia carnis sit peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3830 mortale. Rebellare enim divinae legi est peccatum mortale quia per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3831 hoc dominus contemnitur. Sed prudentia carnis non est subiecta legi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3832 Dei, ut habetur Rom. VIII. Ergo prudentia carnis est peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3833 mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3834 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41311"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3835 "ref">[41311] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3836 omne peccatum in spiritum sanctum est peccatum mortale. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3837 prudentia carnis videtur esse peccatum in spiritum sanctum, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3838 enim potest esse subiecta legi Dei, ut dicitur Rom. VIII; et ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3839 videtur esse peccatum irremissibile, quod est proprium peccati in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3840 spiritum sanctum. Ergo prudentia carnis est peccatum mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3841 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41312"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3842 "ref">[41312] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3843 maximo bono opponitur maximum malum; ut patet in VIII Ethic. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3844 prudentia carnis opponitur prudentiae quae est praecipua inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3845 virtutes morales. Ergo prudentia carnis est praecipuum inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3846 peccata moralia. Et ita est peccatum mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3847 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41313"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3848 "ref">[41313] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3849 illud quod diminuit peccatum non importat de se rationem peccati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3850 mortalis. Sed caute prosequi ea quae pertinent ad curam carnis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3851 quod videtur ad prudentiam carnis pertinere, diminuit peccatum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3852 Ergo prudentia carnis de sui ratione non importat peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3853 mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3854 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 co."><a name="41314"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3855 "ref">[41314] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3856 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, prudens dicitur aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3857 dupliciter, uno modo, simpliciter, scilicet in ordine ad finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3858 totius vitae; alio modo, secundum quid, scilicet in ordine ad finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3859 aliquem particularem, puta sicut dicitur aliquis prudens in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3860 negotiatione vel in aliquo huiusmodi. Si ergo prudentia carnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3861 accipiatur secundum absolutam prudentiae rationem, ita scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3862 quod in cura carnis constituatur ultimus finis totius vitae, sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3863 est peccatum mortale, quia per hoc homo avertitur a Deo, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3864 impossibile sit esse plures fines ultimos, ut supra habitum est. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3865 vero prudentia carnis accipiatur secundum rationem particularis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3866 prudentiae, sic prudentia carnis est peccatum veniale. Contingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3867 enim quandoque quod aliquis inordinate afficitur ad aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3868 delectabile carnis absque hoc quod avertatur a Deo per peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3869 mortale, unde non constituit finem totius vitae in delectatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3870 carnis. Et sic adhibere studium ad hanc delectationem consequendam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3871 est peccatum veniale, quod pertinet ad prudentiam carnis. Si vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3872 aliquis actu curam carnis referat in finem honestum, puta cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3873 aliquis studet comestioni propter corporis sustentationem, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3874 vocatur prudentia carnis, quia sic utitur homo cura carnis ut ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3875 finem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3876 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41315"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3877 "ref">[41315] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3878 ergo dicendum quod apostolus loquitur de prudentia carnis secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3879 quod finis totius vitae humanae constituitur in bonis carnis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3880 sic est peccatum mortale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3881 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41316"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3882 "ref">[41316] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3883 dicendum quod prudentia carnis non importat peccatum in spiritum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3884 sanctum. Quod enim dicitur quod non potest esse subiecta legi Dei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3885 non sic est intelligendum quasi ille qui habet prudentiam carnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3886 non possit converti et subiici legi Dei, sed quia ipsa prudentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3887 carnis legi Dei non potest esse subiecta, sicut nec iniustitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3888 potest esse iusta, nec calor potest esse frigidus, quamvis calidum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3889 posset esse frigidum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3890 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41317"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3891 "ref">[41317] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3892 dicendum quod omne peccatum opponitur prudentiae, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3893 prudentia participatur in omni virtute. Sed ideo non oportet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3894 quodlibet peccatum prudentiae oppositum sit gravissimum, sed solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3895 quando opponitur prudentiae in aliquo maximo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3896 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3897 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3898 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="41318"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3899 "ref">[41318] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3900 sic proceditur. Videtur quod astutia non sit speciale peccatum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3901 Verba enim sacrae Scripturae non inducunt aliquem ad peccatum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3902 Inducunt autem ad astutiam, secundum illud Prov. I, <i>ut detur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3903 parvulis astutia</i>. Ergo astutia non est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3904 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="41319"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3905 "ref">[41319] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3906 Prov. XIII dicitur, <i>astutus omnia agit cum consilio</i>. Aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3907 ergo ad finem bonum; aut ad finem malum. Si ad finem bonum, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3908 videtur esse peccatum. Si autem ad finem malum, videtur pertinere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3909 ad prudentiam carnis vel saeculi. Ergo astutia non est speciale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3910 peccatum a prudentia carnis distinctum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3911 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="41320"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3912 "ref">[41320] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3913 Gregorius, X Moral., exponens illud Iob XII, <i>deridetur iusti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3914 simplicitas</i>, dicit, <i>sapientia huius mundi est cor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3915 machinationibus tegere, sensum verbis velare, quae falsa sunt vera
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3916 ostendere, quae vera sunt falsa demonstrare</i>. Et postea subdit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3917 <i>haec prudentia usu a iuvenibus scitur, a pueris pretio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3918 discitur</i>. Sed ea quae praedicta sunt videntur ad astutiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3919 pertinere. Ergo astutia non distinguitur a prudentia carnis vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3920 mundi; et ita non videtur esse speciale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3921 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 s. c."><a name="41321"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3922 "ref">[41321] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3923 est quod apostolus dicit, II ad Cor. IV, <i>abdicamus occulta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3924 dedecoris, non ambulantes in astutia, neque adulterantes verbum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3925 Dei</i>. Ergo astutia est quoddam peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3926 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 co."><a name="41322"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3927 "ref">[41322] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3928 dicendum quod prudentia est recta ratio agibilium, sicut scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3929 est recta ratio scibilium. Contingit autem contra rectitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3930 scientiae dupliciter peccari in speculativis, uno quidem modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3931 quando ratio inducitur ad aliquam conclusionem falsam quae apparet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3932 vera; alio modo, ex eo quod ratio procedit ex aliquibus falsis quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3933 videntur esse vera, sive sint ad conclusionem veram sive ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3934 conclusionem falsam. Ita etiam aliquod peccatum potest esse contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3935 prudentiam habens aliquam similitudinem eius dupliciter. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3936 quia studium rationis ordinatur ad finem qui non est vere bonus sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3937 apparens, et hoc pertinet ad prudentiam carnis. Alio modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3938 inquantum aliquis ad finem aliquem consequendum, vel bonum vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3939 malum, utitur non veris viis, sed simulatis et apparentibus, et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3940 pertinet ad peccatum astutiae. Unde est quoddam peccatum prudentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3941 oppositum a prudentia carnis distinctum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3942 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="41323"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3943 "ref">[41323] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3944 ergo dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in IV contra Iulian.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3945 sicut prudentia abusive quandoque in malo accipitur, ita etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3946 astutia quandoque in bono, et hoc propter similitudinem unius ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3947 alterum. Proprie tamen astutia in malo accipitur; sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3948 philosophus dicit, in VI Ethic.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3949 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="41324"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3950 "ref">[41324] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3951 dicendum quod astutia potest consiliari et ad finem bonum et ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3952 finem malum, nec oportet ad finem bonum falsis viis pervenire et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3953 simulatis, sed veris. Unde etiam astutia si ordinetur ad bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3954 finem, est peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3955 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="41325"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3956 "ref">[41325] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3957 dicendum quod Gregorius sub prudentia mundi accepit omnia quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3958 possunt ad falsam prudentiam pertinere. Unde etiam sub hac
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3959 comprehenditur astutia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3960 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3961 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3962 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="41326"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3963 "ref">[41326] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3964 sic proceditur. Videtur quod dolus non sit peccatum ad astutiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3965 pertinens. Peccatum enim in perfectis viris non invenitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3966 praecipue mortale. Invenitur autem in eis aliquis dolus, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3967 illud II ad Cor. XII, <i>cum essem astutus, dolo vos cepi</i>. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3968 dolus non est semper peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3969 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="41327"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3970 "ref">[41327] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3971 dolus maxime ad linguam pertinere videtur, secundum illud Psalm.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3972 <i>linguis suis dolose agebant</i>. Astutia autem, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3973 prudentia, est in ipso actu rationis. Ergo dolus non pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3974 astutiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3975 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="41328"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3976 "ref">[41328] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3977 Prov. XII dicitur, <i>dolus in corde cogitantium mala</i>. Sed non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3978 omnis malorum cogitatio pertinet ad astutiam. Ergo dolus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3979 videtur ad astutiam pertinere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3980 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 s. c."><a name="41329"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3981 "ref">[41329] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3982 est quod astutia ad circumveniendum ordinatur, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3983 apostoli, ad Ephes. IV, <i>in astutia ad circumventionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3984 erroris</i>. Ad quod etiam dolus ordinatur. Ergo dolus pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3985 astutiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3986 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 co."><a name="41330"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3987 "ref">[41330] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3988 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, ad astutiam pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3989 assumere vias non veras, sed simulatas et apparentes, ad aliquem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3990 finem prosequendum vel bonum vel malum. Assumptio autem harum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3991 viarum potest dupliciter considerari. Uno quidem modo, in ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3992 excogitatione viarum huiusmodi, et hoc proprie pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3993 astutiam, sicut etiam excogitatio rectarum viarum ad debitum finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3994 pertinet ad prudentiam. Alio modo potest considerari talium viarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3995 assumptio secundum executionem operis, et secundum hoc pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3996 dolum. Et ideo dolus importat quandam executionem astutiae. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3997 secundum hoc ad astutiam pertinet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3998 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="41331"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3999 "ref">[41331] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4000 ergo dicendum quod sicut astutia proprie accipitur in malo, abusive
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4001 autem in bono; ita etiam et dolus, qui est astutiae executio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4002 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="41332"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4003 "ref">[41332] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4004 dicendum quod executio astutiae ad decipiendum primo quidem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4005 principaliter fit per verba, quae praecipuum locum tenent inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4006 signa quibus homo significat aliquid alteri, ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4007 Augustinum, in libro de Doct. Christ. Et ideo dolus maxime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4008 attribuitur locutioni. Contingit tamen esse dolum et in factis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4009 secundum illud Psalm., <i>et dolum facerent in servos eius</i>. Est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4010 etiam et dolus in corde, secundum illud Eccli. XIX. <i>Interiora
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4011 eius plena sunt dolo</i>. Sed hoc est secundum quod aliquis dolos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4012 excogitat, secundum illud Psalm., <i>dolos tota die
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4013 meditabantur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4014 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="41333"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4015 "ref">[41333] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4016 dicendum quod quicumque cogitant aliquod malum facere, necesse est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4017 quod excogitent aliquas vias ad hoc quod suum propositum impleant,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4018 et ut plurimum excogitant vias dolosas, quibus facilius propositum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4019 consequantur. Quamvis contingat quandoque quod absque astutia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4020 dolo aliqui aperte et per violentiam malum operentur. Sed hoc, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4021 difficilius fit, in paucioribus accidit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4022 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4023 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4024 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="41334"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4025 "ref">[41334] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4026 sic proceditur. Videtur quod fraus ad astutiam non pertineat. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4027 enim est laudabile quod aliquis decipi se patiatur, ad quod astutia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4028 tendit. Est autem laudabile quod aliquis patiatur fraudem, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4029 illud I ad Cor. VI, <i>quare non magis fraudem patimini?</i> Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4030 fraus non pertinet ad astutiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4031 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="41335"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4032 "ref">[41335] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4033 fraus pertinere videtur ad illicitam acceptionem vel receptionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4034 exteriorum rerum, dicitur enim Act. V quod <i>vir quidam nomine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4035 Ananias, cum Saphira uxore sua, vendidit agrum et fraudavit de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4036 pretio agri</i>. Sed illicite usurpare vel retinere res exteriores
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4037 pertinet ad iniustitiam vel illiberalitatem. Ergo fraus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4038 pertinet ad astutiam, quae opponitur prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4039 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="41336"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4040 "ref">[41336] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4041 nullus astutia utitur contra seipsum. Sed aliquorum fraudes sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4042 contra seipsos, dicitur enim Prov. I de quibusdam quod moliuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4043 fraudes contra animas suas. Ergo fraus non pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4044 astutiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4045 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 s. c."><a name="41337"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4046 "ref">[41337] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4047 fraus ad deceptionem ordinatur, secundum illud Iob XIII, <i>numquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4048 decipietur ut homo vestris fraudulentiis?</i> Ad idem etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4049 ordinatur astutia. Ergo fraus ad astutiam pertinet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4050 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 co."><a name="41338"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4051 "ref">[41338] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4052 dicendum quod sicut dolus consistit in executione astutiae, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4053 etiam et fraus, sed in hoc differre videntur quod dolus pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4054 universaliter ad executionem astutiae, sive fiat per verba sive per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4055 facta; fraus autem magis proprie pertinet ad executionem astutiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4056 secundum quod fit per facta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4057 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="41339"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4058 "ref">[41339] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4059 ergo dicendum quod apostolus non inducit fideles ad hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4060 decipiantur in cognoscendo, sed ad hoc quod effectum deceptionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4061 patienter tolerent in sustinendis iniuriis fraudulenter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4062 illatis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4063 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="41340"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4064 "ref">[41340] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4065 dicendum quod executio astutiae potest fieri per aliquod aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4066 vitium, sicut et executio prudentiae fit per virtutes. Et hoc modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4067 nihil prohibet defraudationem pertinere ad avaritiam vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4068 illiberalitatem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4069 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="41341"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4070 "ref">[41341] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4071 dicendum quod illi qui fraudes faciunt ex eorum intentione non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4072 moliuntur aliquid contra seipsos vel contra animas suas, sed ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4073 iusto Dei iudicio provenit ut id quod contra alios moliuntur contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4074 eos retorqueatur; secundum illud Psalm., <i>incidit in foveam quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4075 fecit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4076 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4077 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4078 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="41342"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4079 "ref">[41342] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4080 sic proceditur. Videtur quod licitum sit sollicitudinem habere de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4081 temporalibus rebus. Ad praesidentem enim pertinet sollicitum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4082 de his quibus praeest, secundum illud Rom. XII, <i>qui praeest in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4083 sollicitudine</i>. Sed homo praeest ex divina ordinatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4084 temporalibus rebus, secundum illud Psalm., <i>omnia subiecisti sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4085 pedibus eius, oves et boves</i> et cetera. Ergo homo debet habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4086 sollicitudinem de temporalibus rebus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4087 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="41343"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4088 "ref">[41343] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4089 unusquisque sollicitus est de fine propter quem operatur. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4090 licitum est hominem operari propter temporalia, quibus vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4091 sustentet, unde apostolus dicit, II ad Thess. III, <i>si quis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4092 vult operari, non manducet</i>. Ergo licitum est sollicitari de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4093 rebus temporalibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4094 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="41344"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4095 "ref">[41344] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4096 sollicitudo de operibus misericordiae laudabilis est, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4097 illud II ad Tim. I, <i>cum Romam venisset, sollicite me
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4098 quaesivit</i>. Sed sollicitudo temporalium rerum quandoque pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4099 ad opera misericordiae, puta cum quis sollicitudinem adhibet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4100 procurandum negotia pupillorum et pauperum. Ergo sollicitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4101 temporalium rerum non est illicita.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4102 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 s. c."><a name="41345"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4103 "ref">[41345] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4104 est quod dominus dicit, Matth. VI, <i>nolite solliciti esse,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4105 dicentes, quid manducabimus aut quid bibemus, aut quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4106 operiemur?</i> Quae tamen sunt maxime necessaria.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4107 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 co."><a name="41346"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4108 "ref">[41346] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4109 dicendum quod sollicitudo importat studium quoddam adhibitum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4110 aliquid consequendum. Manifestum est autem quod maius studium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4111 adhibetur ubi est timor deficiendi, et ideo ubi est securitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4112 consequendi, minor intervenit sollicitudo. Sic ergo sollicitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4113 temporalium rerum tripliciter potest esse illicita. Uno quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4114 modo, ex parte eius de quo sollicitamur, si scilicet temporalia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4115 tanquam finem quaeramus. Unde et Augustinus dicit, in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4116 operibus Monach., <i>cum dominus dicit, nolite solliciti esse etc.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4117 hoc dicit ut non ista intueantur, et propter ista faciant quidquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4118 in Evangelii praedicatione facere iubentur</i>. Alio modo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4119 esse temporalium sollicitudo illicita propter superfluum studium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4120 quod apponitur ad temporalia procuranda, propter quod homo a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4121 spiritualibus, quibus principalius inservire debet, retrahitur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4122 ideo dicitur Matth. XIII quod sollicitudo saeculi suffocat verbum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4123 Tertio modo, ex parte timoris superflui, quando scilicet aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4124 timet ne, faciendo quod debet, necessaria sibi deficiant. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4125 dominus tripliciter excludit. Primo, propter maiora beneficia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4126 homini praestita divinitus praeter suam sollicitudinem, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4127 corpus et animam. Secundo, propter subventionem qua Deus animalibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4128 et plantis subvenit absque opere humano, secundum proportionem suae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4129 naturae. Tertio, ex divina providentia, propter cuius ignorantiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4130 gentiles circa temporalia bona quaerenda principalius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4131 sollicitantur. Et ideo concludit quod principaliter nostra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4132 sollicitudo esse debet de spiritualibus bonis, sperantes quod etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4133 temporalia nobis provenient ad necessitatem, si fecerimus quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4134 debemus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4135 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="41347"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4136 "ref">[41347] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4137 ergo dicendum quod temporalia bona subiecta sunt homini ut eis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4138 utatur ad necessitatem, non ut in eis finem constituat, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4139 superflue circa ea sollicitetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4140 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="41348"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4141 "ref">[41348] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4142 dicendum quod sollicitudo eius qui corporali labore panem acquirit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4143 non est superflua, sed moderata. Et ideo Hieronymus dicit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4144 labor exercendus est, sollicitudo tollenda, superflua scilicet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4145 animum inquietans.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4146 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="41349"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4147 "ref">[41349] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4148 dicendum quod sollicitudo temporalium in operibus misericordiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4149 ordinatur ad finem caritatis. Et ideo non est illicita, nisi sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4150 superflua.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4151 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4152 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4153 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="41350"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4154 "ref">[41350] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4155 septimum sic proceditur. Videtur quod aliquis debeat esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4156 sollicitus in futurum. Dicitur enim Prov. VI, <i>vade ad formicam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4157 o piger, et considera vias eius, et disce sapientiam, quae cum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4158 habeat ducem nec praeceptorem, parat in aestate cibum sibi, et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4159 congregat in messe quod comedat</i>. Sed hoc est in futurum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4160 sollicitari. Ergo laudabilis est sollicitudo futurorum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4161 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="41351"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4162 "ref">[41351] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4163 sollicitudo ad prudentiam pertinet. Sed prudentia praecipue est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4164 futurorum, praecipua enim pars eius est providentia futurorum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4165 supra dictum est. Ergo virtuosum est sollicitari de futuris.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4166 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="41352"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4167 "ref">[41352] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4168 quicumque reponit aliquid in posterum conservandum sollicitus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4169 in futurum. Sed ipse Christus legitur, Ioan. XII, loculos habuisse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4170 ad aliquid conservandum, quos Iudas deferebat. Apostoli etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4171 conservabant pretia praediorum, quae ante pedes eorum ponebantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4172 ut legitur Act. IV. Ergo licitum est in futurum sollicitari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4173 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 s. c."><a name="41353"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4174 "ref">[41353] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4175 est quod dominus dicit, Matth. VI, <i>nolite solliciti esse in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4176 crastinum</i>. Cras autem ibi ponitur pro futuro, sicut dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4177 Hieronymus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4178 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 co."><a name="41354"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4179 "ref">[41354] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4180 dicendum quod nullum opus potest esse virtuosum nisi debitis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4181 circumstantiis vestiatur; inter quas una est debitum tempus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4182 secundum illud Eccle. VIII, <i>omni negotio tempus est et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4183 opportunitas</i>. Quod non solum in exterioribus operibus, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4184 etiam in interiori sollicitudine locum habet. Unicuique enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4185 tempori competit propria sollicitudo, sicut tempori aestatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4186 competit sollicitudo metendi, tempori autumni sollicitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4187 vindemiae. Si quis ergo tempore aestatis de vindemia iam esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4188 sollicitus, superflue praeoccuparet futuri temporis sollicitudinem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4189 Unde huiusmodi sollicitudinem tanquam superfluam dominus prohibet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4190 dicens, <i>nolite solliciti esse in crastinum</i>. Unde subdit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4191 <i>crastinus enim dies sollicitus erit sibi ipsi</i>, idest, suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4192 propriam sollicitudinem habebit, quae sufficiet ad animum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4193 affligendum. Et hoc est quod subdit, <i>sufficit diei malitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4194 sua</i>, idest afflictio sollicitudinis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4195 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="41355"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4196 "ref">[41355] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4197 ergo dicendum quod formica habet sollicitudinem congruam tempori,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4198 et hoc nobis imitandum proponitur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4199 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="41356"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4200 "ref">[41356] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4201 dicendum quod ad prudentiam pertinet providentia debita futurorum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4202 Esset autem inordinata futurorum providentia vel sollicitudo si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4203 quis temporalia, in quibus dicitur praeteritum et futurum, tanquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4204 fines quaereret; vel si superflua quaereret ultra praesentis vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4205 necessitatem; vel si tempus sollicitudinis praeoccuparet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4206 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="41357"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4207 "ref">[41357] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4208 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Serm. Dom. in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4209 monte, <i>cum viderimus aliquem servum Dei providere ne ista
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4210 necessaria sibi desint, non iudicemus eum de crastino sollicitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4211 esse. Nam et ipse dominus propter exemplum loculos habere dignatus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4212 est; et in actibus apostolorum scriptum est ea quae ad victum sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4213 necessaria procurata esse in futurum propter imminentem famem. Non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4214 ergo dominus improbat si quis humano more ista procuret, sed si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4215 quis propter ista militet Deo</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4216 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4217 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4218 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="41358"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4219 "ref">[41358] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4220 sic proceditur. Videtur quod huiusmodi vitia non oriantur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4221 avaritia. Quia sicut dictum est, per luxuriam maxime ratio patitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4222 defectum in sua rectitudine. Sed huiusmodi vitia opponuntur rationi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4223 rectae, scilicet prudentiae. Ergo huiusmodi vitia maxime ex luxuria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4224 oriuntur, praesertim cum philosophus dicat, in VII Ethic., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4225 Venus est dolosa, et eius corrigia est varia, et quod ex insidiis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4226 agit incontinens concupiscentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4227 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="41359"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4228 "ref">[41359] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4229 praedicta vitia habent quandam similitudinem prudentiae, ut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4230 est. Sed ad prudentiam, cum sit in ratione, maiorem propinquitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4231 habere videntur vitia magis spiritualia, sicut superbia et inanis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4232 gloria. Ergo huiusmodi vitia magis videntur ex superbia oriri quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4233 ex avaritia.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4234 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="41360"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4235 "ref">[41360] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4236 homo insidiis utitur non solum in diripiendis bonis alienis, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4237 etiam in machinando aliorum caedes, quorum primum pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4238 avaritiam, secundum ad iram. Sed insidiis uti pertinet ad astutiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4239 dolum et fraudem. Ergo praedicta vitia non solum oriuntur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4240 avaritia, sed etiam ex ira.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4241 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 s. c."><a name="41361"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4242 "ref">[41361] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4243 est quod Gregorius, XXXI Moral., ponit fraudem filiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4244 avaritiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4245 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 co."><a name="41362"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4246 "ref">[41362] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4247 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, prudentia carnis et astutia, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4248 dolo et fraude, quandam similitudinem habent cum prudentia in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4249 aliquali usu rationis. Praecipue autem inter alias virtutes morales
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4250 usus rationis rectae apparet in iustitia, quae est in appetitu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4251 rationali. Et ideo usus rationis indebitus etiam maxime apparet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4252 vitiis oppositis iustitiae. Opponitur autem sibi maxime avaritia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4253 Et ideo praedicta vitia maxime ex avaritia oriuntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4254 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="41363"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4255 "ref">[41363] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4256 ergo dicendum quod luxuria, propter vehementiam delectationis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4257 concupiscentiae, totaliter opprimit rationem, ne prodeat in actum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4258 In praedictis autem vitiis aliquis usus rationis est, licet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4259 inordinatus. Unde praedicta vitia non oriuntur directe ex luxuria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4260 Quod autem philosophus Venerem dolosam appellat, hoc dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4261 secundum quandam similitudinem, inquantum scilicet subito hominem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4262 surripit, sicut et in dolis agitur; non tamen per astutias, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4263 magis per violentiam concupiscentiae et delectationis. Unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4264 subdit quod Venus furatur intellectum multum sapientis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4265 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="41364"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4266 "ref">[41364] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4267 dicendum quod ex insidiis agere ad quandam pusillanimitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4268 pertinere videtur, magnanimus enim in omnibus vult manifestus esse,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4269 ut philosophus dicit, in IV Ethic. Et ideo quia superbia quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4270 similitudinem magnanimitatis habet vel fingit, inde est quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4271 directe ex superbia huiusmodi vitia oriuntur, quae utuntur fraude
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4272 et dolis. Magis autem hoc pertinet ad avaritiam, quae utilitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4273 quaerit, parvipendens excellentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4274 <p title="II-II q. 55 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="41365"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4275 "ref">[41365] II&ordf;-IIae q. 55 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4276 dicendum quod ira habet subitum motum, unde praecipitanter agit et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4277 absque consilio; quo utuntur praedicta vitia, licet inordinate.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4278 Quod autem aliqui insidiis utantur ad caedes aliorum, non provenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4279 ex ira, sed magis ex odio, quia iracundus appetit esse manifestus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4280 in nocendo, ut dicit philosophus, in II Rhet.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4281 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4282 <div class="D">Quaestio 56</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4283 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4284 <p title="II-II q. 56 pr."><a name="41366"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4285 "ref">[41366] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 pr.</span></a> Deinde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4286 considerandum est de praeceptis ad prudentiam pertinentibus. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4287 circa hoc quaeruntur duo. Primo, de praeceptis pertinentibus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4288 prudentiam. Secundo, de praeceptis pertinentibus ad vitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4289 opposita.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4290 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4291 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4292 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="41367"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4293 "ref">[41367] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4294 sic proceditur. Videtur quod de prudentia fuerit dandum aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4295 praeceptum inter praecepta Decalogi. De principaliori enim virtute
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4296 principaliora praecepta dari debent. Sed principaliora praecepta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4297 legis sunt praecepta Decalogi. Cum ergo prudentia sit principalior
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4298 inter virtutes morales, videtur quod de prudentia fuerit dandum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4299 aliquod praeceptum inter praecepta Decalogi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4300 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="41368"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4301 "ref">[41368] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4302 in doctrina evangelica continetur lex maxime quantum ad praecepta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4303 Decalogi. Sed in doctrina evangelica datur praeceptum de prudentia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4304 ut patet Matth. X, <i>estote prudentes sicut serpentes</i>. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4305 inter praecepta Decalogi debuit praecipi actus prudentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4306 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="41369"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4307 "ref">[41369] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4308 alia documenta veteris testamenti ad praecepta Decalogi ordinantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4309 unde et Malach. ult. dicitur, <i>mementote legis Moysi, servi mei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4310 quam mandavi ei in Horeb</i>. Sed in aliis documentis veteris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4311 testamenti dantur praecepta de prudentia, sicut Prov. III, <i>ne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4312 innitaris prudentiae tuae</i>; et infra, IV cap., <i>palpebrae tuae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4313 praecedant gressus tuos</i>. Ergo et in lege debuit aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4314 praeceptum de prudentia dari, et praecipue inter praecepta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4315 Decalogi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4316 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 s. c."><a name="41370"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4317 "ref">[41370] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4318 contrarium patet enumeranti praecepta Decalogi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4319 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 co."><a name="41371"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4320 "ref">[41371] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4321 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est cum de praeceptis ageretur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4322 praecepta Decalogi, sicut data sunt omni populo, ita etiam cadunt
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diff changeset
4323 in aestimatione omnium, quasi ad naturalem rationem pertinentia.
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diff changeset
4324 Praecipue autem sunt de dictamine rationis naturalis fines humanae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4325 vitae, qui se habent in agendis sicut principia naturaliter cognita
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diff changeset
4326 in speculativis, ut ex supradictis patet. Prudentia autem non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4327 circa finem, sed circa ea quae sunt ad finem, ut supra dictum est.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4328 Et ideo non fuit conveniens ut inter praecepta Decalogi aliquod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4329 praeceptum poneretur ad prudentiam directe pertinens. Ad quam tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4330 omnia praecepta Decalogi pertinent secundum quod ipsa est directiva
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diff changeset
4331 omnium virtuosorum actuum.</p>
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diff changeset
4332 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="41372"><span class=
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diff changeset
4333 "ref">[41372] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
4334 ergo dicendum quod licet prudentia sit simpliciter principalior
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4335 virtus aliis virtutibus moralibus, iustitia tamen principalius
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diff changeset
4336 respicit rationem debiti, quod requiritur ad praeceptum, ut supra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4337 dictum est. Et ideo principalia praecepta legis, quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4338 praecepta Decalogi, magis debuerunt ad iustitiam quam ad prudentiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4339 pertinere.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4340 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="41373"><span class=
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diff changeset
4341 "ref">[41373] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
4342 dicendum quod doctrina evangelica est doctrina perfectionis, et
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diff changeset
4343 ideo oportuit quod in ipsa perfecte instrueretur homo de omnibus
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diff changeset
4344 quae pertinent ad rectitudinem vitae, sive sint fines sive ea quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4345 sunt ad finem. Et propter hoc oportuit in doctrina evangelica etiam
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diff changeset
4346 de prudentia praecepta dari.</p>
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diff changeset
4347 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="41374"><span class=
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diff changeset
4348 "ref">[41374] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
4349 dicendum quod sicut alia doctrina veteris testamenti ordinatur ad
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diff changeset
4350 praecepta Decalogi ut ad finem, ita etiam conveniens fuit ut in
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diff changeset
4351 subsequentibus documentis veteris testamenti homines instruerentur
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diff changeset
4352 de actu prudentiae, qui est circa ea quae sunt ad finem.</p>
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diff changeset
4353 <br />
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diff changeset
4354 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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diff changeset
4355 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="41375"><span class=
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diff changeset
4356 "ref">[41375] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
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diff changeset
4357 secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod in veteri lege fuerint
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diff changeset
4358 inconvenienter praecepta prohibitiva proposita de vitiis oppositis
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diff changeset
4359 prudentiae. Opponuntur enim prudentiae non minus illa quae habent
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diff changeset
4360 directam oppositionem ad ipsam, sicut imprudentia et partes eius,
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diff changeset
4361 quam illa quae cum ipsa similitudinem habent, sicut astutia et quae
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diff changeset
4362 ad ipsam pertinent. Sed haec vitia prohibentur in lege, dicitur
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diff changeset
4363 enim Lev. XIX, <i>non facies calumniam proximo tuo</i>; et Deut.
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diff changeset
4364 XXV, <i>non habebis in sacculo tuo diversa pondera, maius et
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diff changeset
4365 minus</i>. Ergo et de illis vitiis quae directe opponuntur
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diff changeset
4366 prudentiae aliqua praecepta prohibitiva dari debuerunt.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4367 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="41376"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4368 "ref">[41376] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
4369 in multis aliis rebus potest fraus fieri quam in emptione et
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diff changeset
4370 venditione. Inconvenienter igitur fraudem in sola emptione et
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diff changeset
4371 venditione lex prohibuit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4372 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="41377"><span class=
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diff changeset
4373 "ref">[41377] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
4374 eadem ratio est praecipiendi actum virtutis et prohibendi actum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4375 vitii oppositi. Sed actus prudentiae non inveniuntur in lege
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diff changeset
4376 praecepti. Ergo nec aliqua opposita vitia debuerunt in lege
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diff changeset
4377 prohiberi.</p>
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diff changeset
4378 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 s. c."><a name="41378"><span class=
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diff changeset
4379 "ref">[41378] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed
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diff changeset
4380 contrarium patet per praecepta legis inducta.</p>
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diff changeset
4381 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 co."><a name="41379"><span class=
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diff changeset
4382 "ref">[41379] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
4383 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, iustitia maxime respicit
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diff changeset
4384 rationem debiti, quod requiritur ad praeceptum, quia iustitia est
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diff changeset
4385 ad reddendum debitum alteri, ut infra dicetur. Astutia autem
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diff changeset
4386 quantum ad executionem maxime committitur in his circa quae est
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diff changeset
4387 iustitia, ut dictum est. Et ideo conveniens fuit ut praecepta
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diff changeset
4388 prohibitiva darentur in lege de executione astutiae inquantum ad
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diff changeset
4389 iniustitiam pertinet, sicut cum dolo vel fraude aliquis alicui
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diff changeset
4390 calumniam ingerit, vel eius bona surripit.</p>
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diff changeset
4391 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="41380"><span class=
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diff changeset
4392 "ref">[41380] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum
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diff changeset
4393 ergo dicendum quod illa vitia quae directe opponuntur prudentiae
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diff changeset
4394 manifesta contrarietate non ita pertinent ad iniustitiam sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
4395 executio astutiae. Et ideo non ita prohibentur in lege sicut fraus
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diff changeset
4396 et dolus, quae ad iniustitiam pertinent.</p>
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diff changeset
4397 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="41381"><span class=
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diff changeset
4398 "ref">[41381] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4399 dicendum quod omnis fraus vel dolus commissa in his quae ad
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diff changeset
4400 iustitiam pertinent potest intelligi esse prohibita, Lev. XIX, in
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diff changeset
4401 prohibitione calumniae. Praecipue autem solet fraus exerceri et
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diff changeset
4402 dolus in emptione et venditione, secundum illud Eccli. XXVI, <i>non
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diff changeset
4403 iustificabitur caupo a peccato labiorum</i>. Propter hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4404 specialiter praeceptum prohibitivum datur in lege de fraude circa
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diff changeset
4405 emptiones et venditiones commissa.</p>
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diff changeset
4406 <p title="II-II q. 56 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="41382"><span class=
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diff changeset
4407 "ref">[41382] II&ordf;-IIae q. 56 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
4408 dicendum quod omnia praecepta de actibus iustitiae in lege data
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diff changeset
4409 pertinent ad executionem prudentiae, sicut et praecepta prohibitiva
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diff changeset
4410 data de furto, calumnia et fraudulenta venditione pertinent ad
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diff changeset
4411 executionem astutiae.</p>
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diff changeset
4412 <div class="centro"><br />
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diff changeset
4413 <p><a href="sth3045.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
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diff changeset
4414 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a> &nbsp;
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diff changeset
4415 <a href="sth3057.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
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diff changeset
4416 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
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diff changeset
4417 <br />
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diff changeset
4418 <hr />
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diff changeset
4419 <br />
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diff changeset
4420 <address>&copy; 2006 Fundaci&oacute;n Tom&aacute;s de Aquino quoad
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diff changeset
4421 hanc editionem<br />
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diff changeset
4422 Iura omnia asservantur<br />
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diff changeset
4423 OCLC nr. <a href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264"
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diff changeset
4424 style="text-decoration=none">49644264</a></address>
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diff changeset
4425 </div>
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diff changeset
4426 </body>
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4427 </html>