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annotate summa/latin/sth4002.html @ 125:183bfdf5ca5c

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catch up through FS_vi A108
author ht
date Sat, 10 Sep 2022 10:03:58 +0000
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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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2 <!DOCTYPE html
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3 PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "file:///c:/cygwin/usr/local/share/lib/xml/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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4 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA" lang="LA">
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5 <head>
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6 <meta content="HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" name="generator"/>
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7 <meta content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" http-equiv="Content-Type"/>
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8 <meta content="text/css" http-equiv="Content-Style-Type"/>
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9 <meta content="text/javascript" http-equiv="Content-Script-Type"/>
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10 <meta content="Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" name="keywords"/>
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11 <meta content="Latin" name="language"/>
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12 <meta content="public" name="security"/>
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13 <meta content="ealarcon@unav.es" name="owner"/>
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14 <meta content="Enrique Alarcón" name="author"/>
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15 <meta content="" name="abstract"/>
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16 <link type="text/css" href="vscreen.css" media="screen" rel="stylesheet"/>
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17 <link type="text/css" href="vprint.css" media="print" rel="stylesheet"/>
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18 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, IIIª q.
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19 2-15</title>
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20 </head>
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21 <body><a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"/><div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div><div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div><div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div><div class="dos">tertia pars a quaestione II ad quaestionem
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22 XV</div><div class="centro">
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23 <table summary="Imago" align="center">
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24 <tr>
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25 <th><img align="middle" alt="Thomas de Aquino a Sassetta depictus" border="0" height="180" width="204" src="icons/bene180.jpg"/></th>
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26 </tr>
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27 </table>
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28 <br/>
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29 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1903 editum<br/>
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30 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
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31 magneticas<br/>
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32 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarcón atque instruxit<br/>
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33 <br/></span><br/>
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34 <hr/>
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35 <br/>
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36 <p><a href="sth4001.html"><img alt="age retro" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageretro.gif"/></a>  
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37 <a href="sth4016.html"><img alt="age ultra" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageultra.gif"/></a></p>
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38 <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
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39 //
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40 &lt;!--
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41 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
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138 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46875"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 11 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
139 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46876"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 11 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
140 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46877"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 11 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
141 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46878"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 11 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
142 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46879"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
143 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46880"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
144 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46881"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
145 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46882"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
146 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46883"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
147 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46884"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
148 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46885"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
149 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46886"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 2 a. 12 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
150 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46887"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 pr.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
151 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46888"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
152 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46889"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
153 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46890"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
154 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46891"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
155 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46892"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
156 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46893"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
157 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46894"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
158 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46895"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 1 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
159 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46896"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
160 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46897"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
161 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46898"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
162 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46899"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
163 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46900"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
164 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46901"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
165 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46902"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
166 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46903"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 2 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
167 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46904"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
168 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46905"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
169 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46906"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
170 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46907"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
171 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46908"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
172 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46909"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
173 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46910"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
174 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46911"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 3 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
175 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46912"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
176 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46913"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
177 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46914"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
178 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46915"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
179 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46916"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
180 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46917"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
181 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46918"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
182 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46919"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 4 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
183 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46920"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
184 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46921"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
185 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46922"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
186 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46923"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
187 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46924"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
188 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46925"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
189 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46926"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
190 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46927"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 5 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
191 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46928"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
192 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46929"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
193 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46930"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
194 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46931"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
195 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46932"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
196 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46933"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
197 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46934"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
198 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46935"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 6 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
199 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46936"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
200 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46937"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
201 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46938"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
202 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46939"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
203 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46940"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
204 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46941"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
205 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46942"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
206 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46943"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 7 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
207 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46944"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
208 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46945"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
209 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46946"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
210 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46947"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
211 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46948"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
212 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46949"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
213 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46950"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
214 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46951"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 3 a. 8 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
215 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46952"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 pr.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
216 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46953"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
217 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46954"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
218 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46955"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
219 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46956"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 arg. 4');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
220 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46957"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
221 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46958"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
222 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46959"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
223 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46960"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
224 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46961"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
225 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46962"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 1 ad 4');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
226 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46963"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
227 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46964"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
228 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46965"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
229 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46966"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
230 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46967"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
231 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46968"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
232 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46969"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
233 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46970"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 2 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
234 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46971"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
235 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46972"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
236 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46973"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
237 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46974"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
238 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46975"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
239 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46976"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
240 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46977"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
241 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46978"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 3 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
242 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46979"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
243 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46980"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
244 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46981"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
245 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46982"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
246 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46983"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
247 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46984"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
248 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46985"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
249 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46986"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 4 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
250 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46987"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
251 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46988"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
252 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46989"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
253 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46990"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
254 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46991"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
255 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46992"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
256 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46993"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
257 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46994"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 5 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
258 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46995"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
259 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46996"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
260 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46997"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
261 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46998"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
262 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#46999"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
263 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47000"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
264 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47001"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
265 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47002"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 4 a. 6 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
266 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47003"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 pr.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
267 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47004"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
268 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47005"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
269 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47006"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
270 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47007"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
271 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47008"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
272 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47009"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
273 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47010"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
274 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47011"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 1 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
275 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47012"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
276 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47013"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
277 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47014"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
278 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47015"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
279 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47016"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
280 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47017"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
281 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47018"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
282 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47019"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 2 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
283 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47020"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
284 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47021"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
285 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47022"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
286 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47023"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
287 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47024"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
288 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47025"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
289 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47026"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
290 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47027"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 3 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
291 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47028"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
292 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47029"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
293 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47030"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
294 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47031"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
295 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47032"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
296 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47033"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
297 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47034"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
298 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47035"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 5 a. 4 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
299 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47036"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 pr.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
300 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47037"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
301 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47038"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
302 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47039"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
303 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47040"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
304 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47041"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
305 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47042"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
306 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47043"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
307 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47044"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 1 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
308 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47045"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
309 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47046"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
310 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47047"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
311 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47048"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
312 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47049"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
313 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47050"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
314 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47051"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
315 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47052"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 2 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
316 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47053"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
317 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47054"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
318 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47055"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
319 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47056"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
320 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47057"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
321 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47058"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
322 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47059"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
323 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47060"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 3 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
324 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47061"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
325 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47062"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
326 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47063"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
327 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47064"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
328 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47065"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
329 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47066"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
330 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47067"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
331 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47068"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 4 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
332 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47069"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
333 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47070"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
334 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47071"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
335 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47072"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
336 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47073"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
337 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47074"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
338 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47075"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
339 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47076"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 5 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
340 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47077"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
341 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47078"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
342 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47079"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
343 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47080"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
344 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47081"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
345 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47082"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
346 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47083"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
347 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47084"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 6 a. 6 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
348 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47085"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
349 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47086"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 arg. 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
350 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47087"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 arg. 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
351 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47088"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
352 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47089"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
353 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47090"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 co.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
354 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47091"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
355 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47092"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
356 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47093"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 1 ad 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
357 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47094"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
358 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47095"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
359 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47096"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 arg. 3');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
360 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47097"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
361 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47098"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
362 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47099"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
363 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47100"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
364 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47101"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
365 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47102"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
366 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47103"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
367 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47104"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
368 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47105"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
369 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47106"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
370 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47107"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
371 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47108"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
372 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47109"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
373 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47110"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
374 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47111"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
375 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47112"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
376 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47113"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
377 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47114"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
378 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47115"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
379 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47116"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
380 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47117"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
381 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47118"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
382 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47119"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
383 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47120"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
384 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47121"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
385 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47122"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
386 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47123"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 ad 1');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
387 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47124"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 ad 2');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
388 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47125"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
389 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47126"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
390 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47127"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
391 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47128"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
392 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47129"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 s. c.');
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parents: 28
diff changeset
393 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47130"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
394 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47131"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
395 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47132"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
396 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47133"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
397 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47134"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
398 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47135"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
399 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47136"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
400 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47137"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
401 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47138"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
402 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47139"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
403 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47140"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
404 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47141"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
405 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47142"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
406 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47143"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
407 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47144"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
408 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47145"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
409 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47146"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
410 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47147"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
411 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47148"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
412 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47149"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 8 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
413 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47150"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
414 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47151"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
415 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47152"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
416 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47153"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
417 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47154"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
418 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47155"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
419 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47156"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 9 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
420 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47157"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
421 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47158"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
422 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47159"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
423 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47160"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
424 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47161"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
425 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47162"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
426 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47163"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
427 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47164"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 10 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
428 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47165"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
429 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47166"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
430 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47167"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
431 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47168"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
432 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47169"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
433 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47170"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
434 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47171"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
435 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47172"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 11 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
436 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47173"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
437 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47174"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
438 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47175"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
439 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47176"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
440 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47177"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
441 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47178"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
442 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47179"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
443 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47180"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 12 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
444 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47181"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
445 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47182"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
446 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47183"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
447 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47184"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
448 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47185"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
449 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47186"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
450 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47187"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
451 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47188"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 7 a. 13 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
452 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47189"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
453 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47190"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
454 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47191"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
455 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47192"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
456 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47193"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
457 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47194"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
458 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47195"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
459 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47196"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
460 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47197"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
461 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47198"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
462 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47199"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
463 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47200"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
464 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47201"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
465 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47202"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
466 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47203"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
467 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47204"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
468 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47205"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
469 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47206"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
470 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47207"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
471 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47208"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
472 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47209"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
473 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47210"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
474 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47211"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
475 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47212"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
476 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47213"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
477 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47214"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
478 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47215"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
479 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47216"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
480 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47217"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
481 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47218"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
482 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47219"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
483 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47220"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
484 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47221"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
485 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47222"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
486 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47223"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
487 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47224"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
488 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47225"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
489 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47226"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
490 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47227"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
491 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47228"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
492 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47229"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
493 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47230"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
494 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47231"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
495 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47232"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
496 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47233"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
497 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47234"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
498 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47235"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
499 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47236"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
500 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47237"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
501 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47238"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
502 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47239"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
503 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47240"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
504 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47241"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
505 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47242"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
506 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47243"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
507 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47244"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
508 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47245"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 7 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
509 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47246"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
510 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47247"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
511 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47248"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
512 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47249"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
513 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47250"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
514 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47251"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
515 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47252"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
516 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47253"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 8 a. 8 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
517 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47254"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
518 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47255"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
519 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47256"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
520 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47257"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
521 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47258"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
522 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47259"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
523 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47260"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
524 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47261"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
525 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47262"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
526 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47263"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
527 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47264"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
528 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47265"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
529 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47266"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
530 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47267"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
531 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47268"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
532 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47269"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
533 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47270"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
534 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47271"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
535 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47272"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
536 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47273"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
537 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47274"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
538 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47275"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
539 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47276"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
540 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47277"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
541 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47278"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
542 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47279"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
543 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47280"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
544 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47281"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
545 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47282"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
546 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47283"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
547 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47284"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
548 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47285"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
549 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47286"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 9 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
550 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47287"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
551 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47288"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
552 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47289"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
553 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47290"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
554 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47291"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
555 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47292"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
556 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47293"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
557 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47294"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
558 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47295"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
559 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47296"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
560 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47297"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
561 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47298"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
562 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47299"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
563 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47300"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
564 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47301"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
565 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47302"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
566 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47303"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
567 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47304"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
568 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47305"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
569 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47306"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
570 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47307"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
571 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47308"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
572 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47309"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
573 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47310"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
574 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47311"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
575 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47312"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
576 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47313"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
577 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47314"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
578 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47315"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
579 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47316"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
580 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47317"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
581 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47318"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
582 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47319"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 10 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
583 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47320"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
584 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47321"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
585 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47322"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
586 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47323"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
587 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47324"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
588 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47325"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
589 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47326"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
590 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47327"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
591 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47328"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
592 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47329"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
593 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47330"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
594 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47331"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
595 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47332"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
596 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47333"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
597 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47334"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
598 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47335"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
599 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47336"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
600 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47337"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
601 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47338"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
602 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47339"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
603 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47340"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
604 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47341"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
605 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47342"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
606 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47343"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
607 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47344"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
608 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47345"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
609 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47346"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
610 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47347"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
611 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47348"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
612 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47349"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
613 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47350"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 4 ad');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
614 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47351"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
615 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47352"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
616 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47353"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
617 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47354"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
618 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47355"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
619 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47356"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
620 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47357"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
621 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47358"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
622 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47359"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
623 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47360"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
624 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47361"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
625 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47362"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
626 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47363"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
627 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47364"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
628 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47365"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
629 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47366"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 11 a. 6 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
630 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47367"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
631 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47368"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
632 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47369"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
633 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47370"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
634 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47371"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
635 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47372"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
636 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47373"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
637 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47374"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
638 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47375"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
639 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47376"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
640 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47377"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
641 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47378"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
642 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47379"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
643 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47380"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
644 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47381"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
645 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47382"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
646 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47383"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
647 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47384"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
648 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47385"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
649 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47386"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
650 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47387"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
651 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47388"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
652 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47389"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
653 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47390"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
654 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47391"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
655 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47392"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
656 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47393"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
657 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47394"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
658 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47395"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
659 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47396"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
660 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47397"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
661 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47398"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
662 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47399"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 12 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
663 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47400"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
664 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47401"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
665 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47402"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
666 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47403"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
667 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47404"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
668 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47405"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
669 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47406"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
670 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47407"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
671 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47408"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
672 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47409"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
673 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47410"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
674 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47411"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
675 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47412"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
676 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47413"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
677 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47414"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
678 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47415"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
679 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47416"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
680 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47417"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
681 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47418"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
682 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47419"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
683 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47420"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
684 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47421"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
685 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47422"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
686 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47423"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
687 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47424"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
688 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47425"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
689 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47426"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
690 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47427"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
691 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47428"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
692 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47429"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
693 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47430"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
694 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47431"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
695 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47432"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 13 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
696 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47433"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
697 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47434"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
698 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47435"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
699 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47436"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
700 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47437"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 arg. 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
701 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47438"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
702 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47439"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
703 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47440"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
704 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47441"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
705 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47442"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
706 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47443"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 1 ad 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
707 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47444"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
708 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47445"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
709 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47446"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
710 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47447"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
711 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47448"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
712 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47449"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
713 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47450"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
714 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47451"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
715 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47452"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
716 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47453"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
717 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47454"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
718 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47455"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
719 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47456"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
720 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47457"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
721 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47458"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
722 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47459"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
723 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47460"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
724 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47461"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
725 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47462"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
726 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47463"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
727 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47464"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
728 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47465"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
729 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47466"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
730 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47467"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 14 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
731 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47468"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 pr.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
732 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47469"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
733 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47470"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
734 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47471"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
735 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47472"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 arg. 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
736 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47473"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 arg. 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
737 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47474"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
738 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47475"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
739 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47476"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
740 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47477"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
741 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47478"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
742 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47479"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 ad 4');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
743 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47480"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 1 ad 5');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
744 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47481"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
745 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47482"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
746 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47483"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
747 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47484"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
748 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47485"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
749 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47486"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
750 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47487"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
751 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47488"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 2 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
752 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47489"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
753 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47490"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
754 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47491"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
755 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47492"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
756 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47493"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
757 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47494"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
758 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47495"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
759 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47496"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 3 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
760 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47497"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
761 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47498"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
762 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47499"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
763 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47500"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
764 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47501"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
765 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47502"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
766 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47503"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
767 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47504"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 4 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
768 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47505"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
769 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47506"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
770 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47507"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 arg. 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
771 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47508"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 s. c.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
772 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47509"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 co.');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
773 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47510"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 ad 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
774 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47511"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 ad 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
775 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47512"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 5 ad 3');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
776 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47513"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 arg. 1');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
777 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47514"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 arg. 2');
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
778 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47515"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 arg. 3');
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779 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47516"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 arg. 4');
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780 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47517"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 s. c.');
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781 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47518"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 co.');
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782 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47519"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 ad 1');
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783 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47520"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 ad 2');
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784 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47521"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 ad 3');
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785 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47522"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 6 ad 4');
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786 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47523"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 arg. 1');
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787 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47524"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 arg. 2');
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788 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47525"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 arg. 3');
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789 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47526"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 s. c.');
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790 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47527"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 co.');
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791 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47528"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 ad 1');
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792 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47529"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 ad 2');
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793 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47530"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 7 ad 3');
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794 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47531"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 arg. 1');
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795 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47532"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 arg. 2');
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796 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47533"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 arg. 3');
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797 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47534"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 s. c.');
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798 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47535"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 co.');
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diff changeset
799 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47536"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 ad 1');
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800 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47537"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 ad 2');
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diff changeset
801 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47538"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 8 ad 3');
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diff changeset
802 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47539"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 arg. 1');
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diff changeset
803 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47540"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 arg. 2');
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804 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47541"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 arg. 3');
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diff changeset
805 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47542"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 s. c.');
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diff changeset
806 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47543"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 co.');
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diff changeset
807 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47544"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 ad 1');
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diff changeset
808 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47545"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 ad 2');
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809 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47546"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 9 ad 3');
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810 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47547"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 arg. 1');
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811 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47548"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 arg. 2');
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812 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47549"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 arg. 3');
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813 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47550"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 s. c.');
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814 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47551"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 co.');
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diff changeset
815 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47552"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 ad 1');
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816 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47553"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 ad 2');
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817 document.write('&lt;OPTION VALUE="#47554"&gt;III&amp;ordf; q. 15 a. 10 ad 3');
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818 document.write('&lt;\/SELECT&gt;');
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819 document.write('&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;');
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820 document.write('&lt;INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()"&gt;');
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821 document.write('&lt;\/FORM&gt;');
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822 // --&gt;
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823 //
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824 </script><br/>
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825 <hr/>
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826 <br/></div><div class="q" id="q2"><h2>Quaestio 2</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 2 pr."><a name="46787"><span class="ref">[46787]
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827 IIIª q. 2 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de modo
28
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828 unionis verbi incarnati. Et primo quantum ad ipsam unionem;
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829 secundo, quantum ad personam assumentem; tertio, quantum ad naturam
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830 assumptam. Circa primum quaeruntur duodecim. Primo, utrum unio
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831 verbi incarnati sit facta in natura. Secundo, utrum sit facta in
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832 persona. Tertio, utrum sit facta in supposito vel hypostasi.
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833 Quarto, utrum persona vel hypostasis Christi post incarnationem sit
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834 composita. Quinto, utrum sit facta aliqua unio animae et corporis
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835 in Christo. Sexto, utrum natura humana fuerit unita verbo
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836 accidentaliter. Septimo, utrum ipsa unio sit aliquid creatum.
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837 Octavo, utrum sit idem quod assumptio. Nono, utrum sit maxima
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838 unionum. Decimo, utrum unio duarum naturarum in Christo fuerit
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839 facta per gratiam. Undecimo, utrum eam aliqua merita praecesserint.
53
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840 Duodecimo, utrum aliqua gratia fuerit homini Christo naturalis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="46788"><span class="ref">[46788] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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841 proceditur. Videtur quod unio verbi incarnati sit facta in una
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842 natura. Dicit enim Cyrillus, et inducitur in gestis Concilii
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843 Chalcedonensis, <i>non oportet intelligere duas naturas, sed unam
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844 naturam Dei verbi incarnatam</i>. Quod quidem non fieret nisi unio
53
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845 esset in natura. Ergo unio verbi incarnati facta est in natura.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="46789"><span class="ref">[46789] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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846 Athanasius dicit, sicut anima rationalis et caro conveniunt in
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847 constitutione humanae naturae, sic Deus et homo conveniunt in
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848 constitutione alicuius unius naturae. Ergo facta est unio in
53
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849 natura.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="46790"><span class="ref">[46790] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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850 duarum naturarum una non denominatur ex altera nisi aliquo modo in
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851 invicem transmutentur. Sed divina natura et humana in Christo ab
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852 invicem denominantur, dicit enim Cyrillus divinam naturam esse
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853 incarnatam; et Gregorius Nazianzenus dicit naturam humanam esse
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854 deificatam; ut patet per Damascenum. Ergo ex duabus naturis videtur
53
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855 esse facta una natura.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 s. c."><a name="46791"><span class="ref">[46791] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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856 quod dicitur in determinatione Concilii Chalcedonensis,
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857 <i>confitemur in novissimis diebus filium Dei unigenitum inconfuse,
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858 immutabiliter, indivise, inseparabiliter agnoscendum, nusquam
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859 sublata differentia naturarum propter unionem</i>. Ergo unio non
53
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860 est facta in natura.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 co."><a name="46792"><span class="ref">[46792] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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861 quod ad huius quaestionis evidentiam, oportet considerare quid sit
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862 natura. Sciendum est igitur quod nomen naturae a nascendo est
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863 dictum vel sumptum. Unde primo est impositum hoc nomen ad
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864 significandum generationem viventium, quae nativitas vel pullulatio
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865 dicitur, ut dicatur natura quasi nascitura. Deinde translatum est
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866 nomen naturae ad significandum principium huius generationis. Et
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867 quia principium generationis in rebus viventibus est intrinsecum,
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868 ulterius derivatum est nomen naturae ad significandum quodlibet
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869 principium intrinsecum motus, secundum quod philosophus dicit, in
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870 II Physic., quod <i>natura est principium motus in eo in quo est
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871 per se et non secundum accidens</i>. Hoc autem principium vel forma
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872 est, vel materia. Unde quandoque natura dicitur forma, quandoque
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873 vero materia. Et quia finis generationis naturalis est, in eo quod
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874 generatur, <i>essentia speciei, quam significat definitio</i>, inde
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875 est quod huiusmodi essentia speciei vocatur etiam natura. Et hoc
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876 modo Boetius naturam definit, in libro de duabus naturis, dicens,
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877 <i>natura est unamquamque rem informans specifica differentia</i>,
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878 quae scilicet complet definitionem speciei. Sic ergo nunc loquimur
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879 de natura, secundum quod natura significat essentiam, vel quod quid
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880 est, sive quidditatem speciei. Hoc autem modo accipiendo naturam,
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881 impossibile est unionem verbi incarnati esse factam in natura.
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882 Tripliciter enim aliquid unum ex duobus vel pluribus constituitur.
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883 Uno modo, ex duobus perfectis integris remanentibus. Quod quidem
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884 fieri non potest nisi in his quorum forma est compositio, vel ordo,
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885 vel figura, sicut ex multis lapidibus absque aliquo ordine adunatis
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886 per solam compositionem fit acervus; ex lapidibus autem et lignis
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887 secundum aliquem ordinem dispositis, et etiam ad aliquam figuram
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888 redactis, fit domus. Et secundum hoc, posuerunt aliqui unionem esse
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diff changeset
889 per modum confusionis, quae scilicet est sine ordine; vel
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diff changeset
890 commensurationis, quae est cum ordine. Sed hoc non potest esse.
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891 Primo quidem, quia compositio, ordo vel figura non est forma
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892 substantialis, sed accidentalis. Et sic sequeretur quod unio
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893 incarnationis non esset per se, sed per accidens, quod infra
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894 improbabitur. Secundo, quia ex huiusmodi non fit unum simpliciter,
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diff changeset
895 sed secundum quid, remanent enim plura actu. Tertio, quia forma
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896 talium non est natura, sed magis ars, sicut forma domus. Et sic non
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897 constitueretur una natura in Christo, ut ipsi volunt. Alio modo fit
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898 aliquid ex perfectis, sed transmutatis, sicut ex elementis fit
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diff changeset
899 mixtum. Et sic aliqui dixerunt unionem incarnationis esse factam
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900 per modum complexionis. Sed hoc non potest esse. Primo quidem, quia
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901 natura divina est omnino immutabilis, ut in prima parte dictum est.
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902 Unde nec ipsa potest converti in aliud, cum sit incorruptibilis,
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903 nec aliud in ipsam, cum ipsa sit ingenerabilis. Secundo, quia id
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904 quod est commixtum, nulli miscibilium est idem specie, differt enim
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905 caro a quolibet elementorum specie. Et sic Christus nec esset
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906 eiusdem naturae cum patre, nec cum matre. Tertio, quia ex his quae
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907 plurimum distant non potest fieri commixtio, solvitur enim species
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908 unius eorum, puta si quis guttam aquae amphorae vini apponat. Et
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909 secundum hoc, cum natura divina in infinitum excedat humanam, non
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910 potest esse mixtio, sed remanebit sola natura divina. Tertio modo
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911 fit aliquid ex aliquibus non permutatis, sed imperfectis, sicut ex
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912 anima et corpore fit homo; et similiter ex diversis membris. Sed
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diff changeset
913 hoc dici non potest de incarnationis mysterio. Primo quidem, quia
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914 utraque natura est secundum suam rationem perfecta, divina scilicet
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915 et humana. Secundo, quia divina et humana natura non possunt
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916 constituere aliquid per modum partium quantitativarum, sicut membra
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917 constituunt corpus, quia natura divina est incorporea. Neque per
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918 modum formae et materiae, quia divina natura non potest esse forma
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919 alicuius, praesertim corporei. Sequeretur etiam quod species
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920 resultans esset communicabilis pluribus, et ita essent plures
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921 Christi. Tertio, quia Christus neque esset humanae naturae, neque
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922 divinae, differentia enim addita variat speciem, sicut unitas in
53
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923 numeris, sicut dicitur in VIII Metaphys.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="46793"><span class="ref">[46793] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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924 dicendum quod illa auctoritas Cyrilli exponitur in quinta synodo
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925 sic, <i>si quis, unam naturam Dei verbi incarnatam dicens, non sic
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926 accipit sicut patres docuerunt, quia ex divina natura et humana
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927 unione secundum subsistentiam facta, sed ex talibus vocibus naturam
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928 unam sive substantiam divinitatis et carnis Christi introducere
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929 conatur, talis anathema sit</i>. Non ergo sensus est quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
930 incarnatione ex duabus naturis sit una natura constituta, sed quia
53
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931 una natura Dei verbi carnem univit in persona.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="46794"><span class="ref">[46794] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
932 dicendum quod ex anima et corpore constituitur in unoquoque nostrum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
933 duplex unitas, naturae, et personae. Naturae quidem, secundum quod
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diff changeset
934 anima unitur corpori, formaliter perficiens ipsum, ut ex duabus
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diff changeset
935 fiat una natura, sicut ex actu et potentia, vel materia et forma.
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diff changeset
936 Et quantum ad hoc non attenditur similitudo, quia natura divina non
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diff changeset
937 potest esse corporis forma, ut in primo probatum est. Unitas vero
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parents: 26
diff changeset
938 personae constituitur ex eis inquantum est unus aliquis subsistens
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diff changeset
939 in carne et anima. Et quantum ad hoc attenditur similitudo, unus
53
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diff changeset
940 enim Christus subsistit in divina natura et humana.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="46795"><span class="ref">[46795] IIIª q. 2 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
941 dicendum quod, sicut Damascenus dicit, natura divina dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
942 incarnata, quia est unita carni personaliter non quod sit in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
943 naturam carnis conversa. Similiter etiam caro dicitur deificata, ut
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diff changeset
944 ipse dicit, non per conversionem, sed per unionem ad verbum, salvis
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diff changeset
945 suis proprietatibus, ut intelligatur caro deificata quia facta est
53
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diff changeset
946 Dei verbi caro, non quia facta sit Deus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="46796"><span class="ref">[46796] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
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947 proceditur. Videtur quod unio verbi incarnati non sit facta in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
948 persona. Persona enim Dei non est aliud a natura ipsius, ut habitum
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949 est in primo. Si ergo unio non est in natura, sequitur quod non sit
53
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950 facta in persona.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="46797"><span class="ref">[46797] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
951 natura humana non est minoris dignitatis in Christo quam in nobis.
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952 Personalitas autem ad dignitatem pertinet, ut in primo habitum est.
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953 Cum ergo natura humana in nobis propriam personalitatem habeat,
53
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954 multo magis habuit propriam personalitatem in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="46798"><span class="ref">[46798] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
955 sicut Boetius dicit, in libro de duabus naturis, <i>persona est
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diff changeset
956 rationalis naturae individua substantia</i>. Sed verbum Dei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
957 assumpsit naturam humanam individuam, <i>natura enim universalis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
958 non sistit secundum se, sed in nuda contemplatione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
959 consideratur</i>, ut Damascenus dicit. Ergo humana natura habet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
960 suam personalitatem. Non ergo videtur quod sit facta unio in
53
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961 persona.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 s. c."><a name="46799"><span class="ref">[46799] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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diff changeset
962 quod in Chalcedonensi synodo legitur, <i>non in duas personas
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diff changeset
963 partitum aut divisum, sed unum et eundem filium unigenitum dominum
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diff changeset
964 nostrum Iesum Christum confitemur</i>. Ergo facta est unio verbi in
53
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diff changeset
965 persona.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 co."><a name="46800"><span class="ref">[46800] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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diff changeset
966 quod persona aliud significat quam natura. Natura enim significat
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diff changeset
967 <i>essentiam speciei, quam significat definitio</i>. Et si quidem
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diff changeset
968 his quae ad rationem speciei pertinent nihil aliud adiunctum
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diff changeset
969 inveniri posset, nulla necessitas esset distinguendi naturam a
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diff changeset
970 supposito naturae, quod est individuum subsistens in natura illa,
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diff changeset
971 quia unumquodque individuum subsistens in natura aliqua esset
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972 omnino idem cum sua natura. Contingit autem in quibusdam rebus
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diff changeset
973 subsistentibus inveniri aliquid quod non pertinet ad rationem
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diff changeset
974 speciei, scilicet accidentia et principia individuantia, sicut
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diff changeset
975 maxime apparet in his quae sunt ex materia et forma composita. Et
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diff changeset
976 ideo in talibus etiam secundum rem differt natura et suppositum,
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diff changeset
977 non quasi omnino aliqua separata, sed quia in supposito includitur
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diff changeset
978 ipsa natura speciei, et superadduntur quaedam alia quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
979 praeter rationem speciei. Unde suppositum significatur ut totum,
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diff changeset
980 habens naturam sicut partem formalem et perfectivam sui. Et propter
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diff changeset
981 hoc in compositis ex materia et forma natura non praedicatur de
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diff changeset
982 supposito, non enim dicimus quod hic homo sit sua humanitas. Si qua
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diff changeset
983 vero res est in qua omnino nihil est aliud praeter rationem speciei
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diff changeset
984 vel naturae suae, sicut est in Deo, ibi non est aliud secundum rem
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diff changeset
985 suppositum et natura, sed solum secundum rationem intelligendi,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
986 quia natura dicitur secundum quod est essentia quaedam; eadem vero
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diff changeset
987 dicitur suppositum secundum quod est subsistens. Et quod est dictum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
988 de supposito, intelligendum est de persona in creatura rationali
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diff changeset
989 vel intellectuali, quia nihil aliud est persona quam <i>rationalis
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diff changeset
990 naturae individua substantia</i>, secundum Boetium. Omne igitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
991 quod inest alicui personae, sive pertineat ad naturam eius sive
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parents: 26
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992 non, unitur ei in persona. Si ergo humana natura verbo Dei non
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diff changeset
993 unitur in persona, nullo modo ei unitur. Et sic totaliter tollitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
994 incarnationis fides, quod est subruere totam fidem Christianam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
995 Quia igitur verbum habet naturam humanam sibi unitam, non autem ad
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diff changeset
996 suam naturam divinam pertinentem consequens est quod unio sit facta
53
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diff changeset
997 in persona verbi, non autem in natura.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="46801"><span class="ref">[46801] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
998 dicendum quod, licet in Deo non sit aliud secundum rem natura et
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diff changeset
999 persona, differt tamen secundum modum significandi, sicut dictum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1000 est, quia persona significat per modum subsistentis. Et quia natura
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diff changeset
1001 humana sic unitur verbo ut verbum in ea subsistat, non autem ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1002 aliquid addatur ei ad rationem suae naturae, vel ut eius natura in
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diff changeset
1003 aliquid transmutetur, ideo unio facta est in persona, non in
53
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diff changeset
1004 natura.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="46802"><span class="ref">[46802] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
1005 dicendum quod personalitas necessario intantum pertinet ad
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diff changeset
1006 dignitatem alicuius rei et perfectionem, inquantum ad dignitatem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1007 perfectionem eius pertinet quod per se existat, quod in nomine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1008 personae intelligitur. Dignius autem est alicui quod existat in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1009 aliquo se digniori, quam quod existat per se. Et ideo ex hoc ipso
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diff changeset
1010 humana natura dignior est in Christo quam in nobis, quia in nobis,
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diff changeset
1011 quasi per se existens, propriam personalitatem habet in Christo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1012 autem existit in persona verbi. Sicut etiam esse completivum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1013 speciei pertinet ad dignitatem formae, tamen sensitivum nobilius
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diff changeset
1014 est in homine, propter coniunctionem ad nobiliorem formam
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diff changeset
1015 completivam, quam sit in bruto animali, in quo est forma
53
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diff changeset
1016 completiva.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="46803"><span class="ref">[46803] IIIª q. 2 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
1017 dicendum quod <i>Dei verbum non assumpsit naturam humanam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
1018 universali, sed in atomo</i>, idest in individuo, sicut Damascenus
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diff changeset
1019 dicit, alioquin oporteret quod cuilibet homini conveniret esse Dei
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diff changeset
1020 verbum, sicut convenit Christo. Sciendum est tamen quod non
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diff changeset
1021 quodlibet individuum in genere substantiae, etiam in rationali
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diff changeset
1022 natura, habet rationem personae, sed solum illud quod per se
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diff changeset
1023 existit, non autem illud quod existit in alio perfectiori. Unde
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diff changeset
1024 manus Socratis, quamvis sit quoddam individuum, non est tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1025 persona, quia non per se existit, sed in quodam perfectiori,
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diff changeset
1026 scilicet in suo toto. Et hoc etiam potest significari in hoc quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1027 persona dicitur substantia individua, non enim manus est substantia
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diff changeset
1028 completa, sed pars substantiae. Licet igitur humana natura sit
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diff changeset
1029 individuum quoddam in genere substantiae, quia tamen non per se
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1030 separatim existit, sed in quodam perfectiori, scilicet in persona
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diff changeset
1031 Dei verbi, consequens est quod non habeat personalitatem propriam.
53
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diff changeset
1032 Et ideo facta est unio in persona.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="46804"><span class="ref">[46804] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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diff changeset
1033 proceditur. Videtur quod unio verbi incarnati non sit facta in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
1034 supposito, sive in hypostasi. Dicit enim Augustinus, in Enchirid.,
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diff changeset
1035 <i>divina substantia et humana utrumque est unus Dei filius, sed
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diff changeset
1036 aliud propter verbum, et aliud propter hominem</i>. Leo Papa etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1037 dicit, in epistola ad Flavianum, <i>unum horum coruscat miraculis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1038 et aliud succumbit iniuriis</i>. Sed omne quod est aliud et aliud,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1039 differt supposito. Ergo unio verbi incarnati non est facta in
53
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diff changeset
1040 supposito.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="46805"><span class="ref">[46805] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1041 hypostasis nihil est aliud quam substantia particularis, ut Boetius
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diff changeset
1042 dicit, in libro de duabus naturis. Manifestum est autem quod in
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diff changeset
1043 Christo est quaedam alia substantia particularis praeter hypostasim
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diff changeset
1044 verbi, scilicet corpus et anima et compositum ex eis. Ergo in
53
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diff changeset
1045 Christo est alia hypostasis praeter hypostasim verbi Dei.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="46806"><span class="ref">[46806] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
1046 hypostasis verbi non continetur in aliquo genere, neque sub specie,
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diff changeset
1047 ut patet ex his quae in prima parte dicta sunt. Sed Christus,
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diff changeset
1048 secundum quod est factus homo, continetur sub specie humana, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
1049 enim Dionysius, I cap. de Div. Nom., <i>intra nostram factus est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1050 naturam qui omnem ordinem secundum omnem naturam
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diff changeset
1051 supersubstantialiter excedit</i>. Non autem continetur sub specie
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diff changeset
1052 humana nisi sit hypostasis quaedam humanae speciei. Ergo in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
1053 est alia hypostasis praeter hypostasim verbi Dei. Et sic idem quod
53
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diff changeset
1054 prius.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 s. c."><a name="46807"><span class="ref">[46807] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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diff changeset
1055 quod Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>in domino nostro Iesu
53
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diff changeset
1056 Christo duas naturas cognoscimus, unam autem hypostasim</i>.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 co."><a name="46808"><span class="ref">[46808] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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diff changeset
1057 quod quidam, ignorantes habitudinem hypostasis ad personam, licet
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diff changeset
1058 concederent in Christo unam solam personam, posuerunt tamen aliam
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diff changeset
1059 hypostasim Dei et aliam hominis, ac si unio sit facta in persona,
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diff changeset
1060 non in hypostasi. Quod quidem apparet erroneum tripliciter. Primo,
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diff changeset
1061 ex hoc quod persona supra hypostasim non addit nisi determinatam
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diff changeset
1062 naturam, scilicet rationalem; secundum quod Boetius dicit, in libro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1063 de duabus naturis, quod <i>persona est rationalis naturae individua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1064 substantia</i>. Et ideo idem est attribuere propriam hypostasim
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diff changeset
1065 humanae naturae in Christo, et propriam personam. Quod
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diff changeset
1066 intelligentes sancti patres, utrumque in Concilio quinto, apud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1067 Constantinopolim celebrato, damnaverunt, dicentes, <i>si quis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1068 introducere conetur in mysterio Christi duas subsistentias seu duas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1069 personas, talis anathema sit, nec enim adiectionem personae vel
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diff changeset
1070 subsistentiae suscepit sancta Trinitas, incarnato uno de sancta
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diff changeset
1071 Trinitate, Deo verbo</i>. Subsistentia autem idem est quod res
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1072 subsistens, quod est proprium hypostasis, ut patet per Boetium, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1073 libro de duabus naturis. Secundo quia, si detur quod persona
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diff changeset
1074 aliquid addat supra hypostasim in quo possit fieri unio, hoc nihil
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diff changeset
1075 est aliud quam proprietas ad dignitatem pertinens, secundum quod a
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diff changeset
1076 quibusdam dicitur quod persona est <i>hypostasis proprietate
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diff changeset
1077 distincta ad dignitatem pertinente</i>. Si ergo facta sit unio in
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diff changeset
1078 persona et non in hypostasi, consequens erit quod non sit facta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1079 unio nisi secundum dignitatem quandam. Et hoc est, approbante
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1080 synodo Ephesina, damnatum a Cyrillo sub his verbis, <i>si quis in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1081 uno Christo dividit subsistentias post adunationem, sola copulans
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1082 eas coniunctione quae secundum dignitatem vel auctoritatem est vel
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diff changeset
1083 secundum potentiam, et non magis concursu secundum adunationem
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diff changeset
1084 naturalem, anathema sit</i>. Tertio, quia tantum hypostasis est cui
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diff changeset
1085 attribuuntur operationes et proprietates naturae, et ea etiam quae
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diff changeset
1086 ad naturae rationem pertinent in concreto, dicimus enim quod hic
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diff changeset
1087 homo ratiocinatur, et est risibilis, et est animal rationale. Et
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diff changeset
1088 hac ratione hic homo dicitur esse suppositum, quia scilicet
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diff changeset
1089 supponitur his quae ad hominem pertinent, eorum praedicationem
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diff changeset
1090 recipiens. Si ergo sit alia hypostasis in Christo praeter
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diff changeset
1091 hypostasim verbi, sequetur quod de aliquo alio quam de verbo
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diff changeset
1092 verificentur ea quae sunt hominis, puta esse natum de virgine,
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diff changeset
1093 passum, crucifixum et sepultum. Et hoc etiam damnatum est,
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diff changeset
1094 approbante Concilio Ephesino, sub his verbis, <i>si quis personis
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diff changeset
1095 duabus vel subsistentiis eas quae sunt in evangelicis et
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diff changeset
1096 apostolicis Scripturis impartitur voces, aut de Christo a sanctis
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diff changeset
1097 dictas, aut ab ipso de se; et quasdam quidem velut homini praeter
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diff changeset
1098 illud ex Deo verbum specialiter intellecto applicat, quasdam vero,
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diff changeset
1099 velut Deo decibiles, soli ex Deo patre verbo, anathema sit</i>. Sic
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diff changeset
1100 igitur patet esse haeresim ab olim damnatam dicere quod in Christo
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diff changeset
1101 sunt duae hypostases vel duo supposita, sive quod unio non sit
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diff changeset
1102 facta in hypostasi vel supposito. Unde in eadem synodo legitur,
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diff changeset
1103 <i>si quis non confitetur carni secundum subsistentiam unitum ex
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diff changeset
1104 Deo patre verbum, unumque esse Christum cum sua carne, eundem
53
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1105 scilicet Deum et hominem, anathema sit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="46809"><span class="ref">[46809] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
1106 dicendum quod, sicut accidentalis differentia facit alterum, ita
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diff changeset
1107 differentia essentialis facit aliud. Manifestum est autem quod
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diff changeset
1108 alteritas, quae provenit ex differentia accidentali, potest ad
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diff changeset
1109 eandem hypostasim vel suppositum in rebus creatis pertinere, eo
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diff changeset
1110 quod idem numero potest diversis accidentibus subesse, non autem
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diff changeset
1111 contingit in rebus creatis quod idem numero subsistere possit
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diff changeset
1112 diversis essentiis vel naturis. Unde sicut quod dicitur alterum et
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diff changeset
1113 alterum in creaturis, non significat diversitatem suppositi, sed
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diff changeset
1114 solum diversitatem formarum accidentalium; ita quod Christus
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diff changeset
1115 dicitur aliud et aliud, non importat diversitatem suppositi sive
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diff changeset
1116 hypostasis, sed diversitatem naturarum. Unde Gregorius Nazianzenus
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diff changeset
1117 dicit, in epistola ad Chelidonium, <i>aliud et aliud sunt ea ex
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diff changeset
1118 quibus salvator est, non alius autem et alius. Dico vero aliud et
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diff changeset
1119 aliud e contrario quam in Trinitate habet. Ibi enim alius et alius
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diff changeset
1120 dicimus, ut non subsistentias confundamus, non aliud autem et
53
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diff changeset
1121 aliud</i>.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="46810"><span class="ref">[46810] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
1122 dicendum quod hypostasis significat substantiam particularem non
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diff changeset
1123 quocumque modo, sed prout est in suo complemento. Secundum vero
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diff changeset
1124 quod venit in unionem alicuius magis completi, non dicitur
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diff changeset
1125 hypostasis, sicut manus aut pes. Et similiter humana natura in
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diff changeset
1126 Christo, quamvis sit substantia particularis, quia tamen venit in
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diff changeset
1127 unionem cuiusdam completi, scilicet totius Christi prout est Deus
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diff changeset
1128 et homo, non potest dici hypostasis vel suppositum, sed illud
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diff changeset
1129 completum ad quod concurrit, dicitur esse hypostasis vel
53
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diff changeset
1130 suppositum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="46811"><span class="ref">[46811] IIIª q. 2 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
1131 dicendum quod etiam in rebus creatis res aliqua singularis non
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diff changeset
1132 ponitur in genere vel specie ratione eius quod pertinet ad eius
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diff changeset
1133 individuationem, sed ratione naturae, quae secundum formam
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diff changeset
1134 determinatur, cum individuatio magis sit secundum materiam in rebus
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diff changeset
1135 compositis. Sic igitur dicendum est quod Christus est in specie
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diff changeset
1136 humana ratione naturae assumptae, non ratione ipsius
53
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diff changeset
1137 hypostasis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="46812"><span class="ref">[46812] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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diff changeset
1138 proceditur. Videtur quod persona Christi non sit composita. Persona
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diff changeset
1139 enim Christi non est aliud quam persona vel hypostasis verbi, ut ex
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diff changeset
1140 dictis patet. Sed in verbo non est aliud persona et natura, ut
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diff changeset
1141 patet ex his quae dicta sunt in prima parte. Cum ergo natura verbi
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diff changeset
1142 sit simplex, ut in primo ostensum est, impossibile est quod persona
53
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diff changeset
1143 Christi sit composita.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="46813"><span class="ref">[46813] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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1144 omnis compositio videtur esse ex partibus. Sed divina natura non
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diff changeset
1145 potest habere rationem partis, quia omnis pars habet rationem
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diff changeset
1146 imperfecti. Ergo impossibile est quod persona Christi sit composita
53
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diff changeset
1147 ex duabus naturis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="46814"><span class="ref">[46814] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, quod
28
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diff changeset
1148 componitur ex aliquibus, videtur esse homogeneum eis, sicut ex
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diff changeset
1149 corporibus non componitur nisi corpus. Si igitur ex duabus naturis
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diff changeset
1150 aliquid sit in Christo compositum, consequens erit quod illud non
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1151 erit persona, sed natura. Et sic in Christo erit facta unio in
53
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diff changeset
1152 natura. Quod est contra praedicta.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 s. c."><a name="46815"><span class="ref">[46815] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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diff changeset
1153 quod Damascenus dicit, III libro, <i>in domino Iesu Christo duas
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diff changeset
1154 naturas cognoscimus, unam autem hypostasim, ex utrisque
53
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diff changeset
1155 compositam</i>.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 co."><a name="46816"><span class="ref">[46816] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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diff changeset
1156 quod persona sive hypostasis Christi dupliciter considerari potest.
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diff changeset
1157 Uno modo, secundum id quod est in se. Et sic est omnino simplex,
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diff changeset
1158 sicut et natura verbi. Alio modo, secundum rationem personae vel
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diff changeset
1159 hypostasis, ad quam pertinet subsistere in aliqua natura. Et
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diff changeset
1160 secundum hoc, persona Christi subsistit in duabus naturis. Unde,
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diff changeset
1161 licet sit ibi unum subsistens, est tamen ibi alia et alia ratio
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diff changeset
1162 subsistendi. Et sic dicitur persona composita, inquantum unum
53
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diff changeset
1163 duobus subsistit.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="46817"><span class="ref">[46817] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Et per hoc patet
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
1164 responsio ad primum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="46818"><span class="ref">[46818] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
1165 dicendum quod illa compositio personae ex naturis non dicitur esse
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diff changeset
1166 ratione partium, sed potius ratione numeri, sicut omne illud in quo
53
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diff changeset
1167 duo conveniunt, potest dici ex eis compositum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="46819"><span class="ref">[46819] IIIª q. 2 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
1168 dicendum quod non in omni compositione hoc verificatur quod illud
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diff changeset
1169 quod componitur sit homogeneum componentibus, sed solum in partibus
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diff changeset
1170 continui; nam continuum non componitur nisi ex continuis. Animal
53
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diff changeset
1171 vero componitur ex anima et corpore, quorum neutrum est animal.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="46820"><span class="ref">[46820] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
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diff changeset
1172 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit unio animae et
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diff changeset
1173 corporis. Ex unione enim animae et corporis in nobis causatur
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diff changeset
1174 persona vel hypostasis hominis. Si ergo anima et corpus fuerunt in
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diff changeset
1175 Christo unita, sequitur quod fuerit ex unione eorum aliqua
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diff changeset
1176 hypostasis constituta. Non autem hypostasis verbi Dei, quae est
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diff changeset
1177 aeterna. Ergo in Christo erit aliqua persona vel hypostasis praeter
53
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diff changeset
1178 hypostasim verbi. Quod est contra praedicta.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="46821"><span class="ref">[46821] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ex
28
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diff changeset
1179 unione animae et corporis constituitur natura humanae speciei.
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diff changeset
1180 Damascenus autem dicit, in III libro, quod <i>in domino nostro Iesu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
1181 Christo non est communem speciem accipere</i>. Ergo in eo non est
53
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diff changeset
1182 facta compositio animae et corporis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="46822"><span class="ref">[46822] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
1183 anima non coniungitur corpori nisi ut vivificet ipsum. Sed corpus
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diff changeset
1184 Christi poterat vivificari ab ipso verbo Dei, quod est fons et
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diff changeset
1185 principium vitae. Ergo in Christo non fuit unio animae et
53
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diff changeset
1186 corporis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 s. c."><a name="46823"><span class="ref">[46823] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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diff changeset
1187 quod corpus non dicitur animatum nisi ex unione animae. Sed corpus
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diff changeset
1188 Christi dicitur animatum, secundum illud quod Ecclesia cantat,
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diff changeset
1189 <i>animatum corpus assumens, de virgine nasci dignatus est</i>.
53
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1190 Ergo in Christo fuit unio animae et corporis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 co."><a name="46824"><span class="ref">[46824] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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diff changeset
1191 quod Christus dicitur homo univoce cum hominibus aliis, utpote
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diff changeset
1192 eiusdem speciei existens, secundum illud apostoli, Philipp. II,
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diff changeset
1193 <i>in similitudinem hominum factus</i>. Pertinet autem ad rationem
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diff changeset
1194 speciei humanae quod anima corpori uniatur, non enim forma
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diff changeset
1195 constituit speciem nisi per hoc quod sit actus materiae; et hoc est
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diff changeset
1196 ad quod generatio terminatur, per quam natura speciem intendit.
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diff changeset
1197 Unde necesse est dicere quod in Christo fuerit anima unita corpori,
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diff changeset
1198 et contrarium est haereticum, utpote derogans veritati humanitatis
53
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diff changeset
1199 Christi.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="46825"><span class="ref">[46825] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
1200 dicendum quod ex hac ratione moti fuerunt illi qui negaverunt
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diff changeset
1201 unionem animae et corporis in Christo, ne per hoc scilicet
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diff changeset
1202 cogerentur personam novam aut hypostasim in Christo inducere; quia
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diff changeset
1203 videbant quod in puris hominibus ex unione animae ad corpus
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diff changeset
1204 constituitur persona. Sed hoc ideo in puris hominibus accidit quia
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diff changeset
1205 anima et corpus sic in eis coniunguntur ut per se existant. Sed in
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diff changeset
1206 Christo uniuntur ad invicem ut adiuncta alteri principaliori quod
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diff changeset
1207 subsistit in natura ex eis composita. Et propter hoc ex unione
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diff changeset
1208 animae et corporis in Christo non constituitur nova hypostasis seu
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diff changeset
1209 persona, sed advenit ipsum coniunctum personae seu hypostasi
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diff changeset
1210 praeexistenti. Nec propter hoc sequitur quod sit minoris efficaciae
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diff changeset
1211 unio animae et corporis in Christo quam in nobis. Quia ipsa
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1212 coniunctio ad nobilius non adimit virtutem aut dignitatem, sed
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diff changeset
1213 auget, sicut anima sensitiva in animalibus constituit speciem, quia
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diff changeset
1214 consideratur ut ultima forma; non autem in hominibus, quamvis in
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diff changeset
1215 eis sit nobilior et virtuosior; et hoc per adiunctionem ulterioris
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1216 et nobilioris perfectionis animae rationalis, ut etiam supra dictum
53
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1217 est.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="46826"><span class="ref">[46826] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
1218 dicendum quod verbum Damasceni potest intelligi dupliciter. Uno
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diff changeset
1219 modo, ut referatur ad humanam naturam. Quae quidem non habet
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diff changeset
1220 rationem communis speciei secundum quod est in uno solo individuo,
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diff changeset
1221 sed secundum quod est abstracta ab omni individuo, prout in nuda
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diff changeset
1222 contemplatione consideratur; vel secundum quod est in omnibus
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diff changeset
1223 individuis. Filius autem Dei non assumpsit humanam naturam prout
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diff changeset
1224 est in sola consideratione intellectus, quia sic non assumpsisset
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diff changeset
1225 ipsam rem humanae naturae. Nisi forte diceretur quod humana natura
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diff changeset
1226 esset quaedam idea separata, sicut Platonici posuerunt hominem sine
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diff changeset
1227 materia. Sed tunc filius Dei non assumpsisset carnem, contra id
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diff changeset
1228 quod dicitur Luc. ult., <i>spiritus carnem et ossa non habet, sicut
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diff changeset
1229 me videtis habere</i>. Similiter etiam non potest dici quod filius
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diff changeset
1230 Dei assumpsit humanam naturam prout est in omnibus individuis
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diff changeset
1231 eiusdem speciei, quia sic omnes homines assumpsisset. Relinquitur
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diff changeset
1232 ergo, ut Damascenus postea dicit in eodem libro, quod assumpserit
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diff changeset
1233 naturam humanam in atomo, idest in individuo, <i>non quidem in alio
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diff changeset
1234 individuo, quod sit suppositum vel hypostasis illius naturae, quam
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diff changeset
1235 in persona filii Dei</i>. Alio modo potest intelligi dictum
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diff changeset
1236 Damasceni ut non referatur ad naturam humanam, quasi ex unione
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diff changeset
1237 animae et corporis non resultet una communis natura, quae est
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diff changeset
1238 humana, sed est referendum ad unionem duarum naturarum, divinae
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diff changeset
1239 scilicet et humanae, ex quibus non componitur aliquid tertium, quod
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diff changeset
1240 sit quaedam natura communis; quia sic illud esset natum praedicari
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diff changeset
1241 de pluribus. Et hoc ibi intendit. Unde subdit, <i>neque enim
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diff changeset
1242 generatus est, neque unquam generabitur alius Christus, ex deitate
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diff changeset
1243 et humanitate, in deitate et humanitate, Deus perfectus, idem et
53
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diff changeset
1244 homo perfectus</i>.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="46827"><span class="ref">[46827] IIIª q. 2 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
1245 dicendum quod duplex est principium vitae corporalis. Unum quidem
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diff changeset
1246 effectivum. Et hoc modo verbum Dei est principium omnis vitae. Alio
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diff changeset
1247 modo est aliquid principium vitae formaliter. Cum enim <i>vivere
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diff changeset
1248 viventibus sit esse</i>, ut dicit philosophus, in II de anima;
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diff changeset
1249 sicut unumquodque formaliter est per suam formam, ita corpus vivit
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diff changeset
1250 per animam. Et hoc modo non potuit corpus vivere per verbum, quod
53
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diff changeset
1251 non potest esse corporis forma.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="46828"><span class="ref">[46828] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
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diff changeset
1252 proceditur. Videtur quod humana natura fuerit unita verbo Dei
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diff changeset
1253 accidentaliter. Dicit enim apostolus, Philipp. II, de filio Dei,
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diff changeset
1254 quod <i>habitu inventus est ut homo</i>. Sed habitus accidentaliter
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diff changeset
1255 advenit ei cuius est, sive accipiatur habitus prout est unum de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1256 decem generibus; sive prout est species qualitatis. Ergo humana
53
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diff changeset
1257 natura accidentaliter unita est filio Dei.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="46829"><span class="ref">[46829] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, omne
28
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diff changeset
1258 quod advenit alicui post esse completum, advenit ei accidentaliter,
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diff changeset
1259 hoc enim dicimus accidens quod potest alicui et adesse et abesse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1260 praeter subiecti corruptionem. Sed natura humana advenit ex tempore
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diff changeset
1261 filio Dei habenti esse perfectum ab aeterno. Ergo advenit ei
53
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diff changeset
1262 accidentaliter.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="46830"><span class="ref">[46830] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
1263 quidquid non pertinet ad naturam seu essentiam alicuius rei, est
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diff changeset
1264 accidens eius, quia omne quod est vel est substantia, vel est
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diff changeset
1265 accidens. Sed humana natura non pertinet ad essentiam vel naturam
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diff changeset
1266 filii Dei divinam, quia non est facta unio in natura, ut supra
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diff changeset
1267 dictum est. Ergo oportet quod natura humana accidentaliter filio
53
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diff changeset
1268 Dei advenerit.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 arg. 4"><a name="46831"><span class="ref">[46831] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
1269 instrumentum accidentaliter advenit. Sed natura humana in Christo
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diff changeset
1270 fuit divinitatis instrumentum, dicit enim Damascenus, in III libro,
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diff changeset
1271 quod <i>caro Christi instrumentum divinitatis existit</i>. Ergo
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diff changeset
1272 videtur quod humana natura fuerit filio Dei unita
53
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diff changeset
1273 accidentaliter.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 s. c."><a name="46832"><span class="ref">[46832] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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diff changeset
1274 quod illud quod accidentaliter praedicatur, non praedicat aliquid,
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diff changeset
1275 sed quantum vel quale vel aliquo modo se habens si igitur humana
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diff changeset
1276 natura accidentaliter adveniret, cum dicitur Christus esse homo,
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diff changeset
1277 non praedicaretur aliquid, sed quale aut quantum aut aliquo modo se
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diff changeset
1278 habens. Quod est contra decretalem Alexandri Papae dicentis, <i>cum
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diff changeset
1279 Christus sit perfectus Deus et perfectus homo, qua temeritate
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diff changeset
1280 audent quidam dicere quod Christus, secundum quod est homo, non est
53
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diff changeset
1281 aliquid?</i></p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 co."><a name="46833"><span class="ref">[46833] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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diff changeset
1282 quod, ad huius quaestionis evidentiam, sciendum est quod circa
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diff changeset
1283 mysterium unionis duarum naturarum in Christo, duplex haeresis
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diff changeset
1284 insurrexit. Una quidem confundentium naturas, sicut Eutychetis et
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diff changeset
1285 Dioscori, qui posuerunt quod ex duabus naturis est constituta una
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diff changeset
1286 natura; ita quod confitentur Christum esse ex duabus naturis, quasi
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diff changeset
1287 ante unionem distinctis; non autem in duabus naturis, quasi post
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diff changeset
1288 unionem naturarum distinctione cessante. Alia vero fuit haeresis
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diff changeset
1289 Nestorii et Theodori Mopsuesteni separantium personas. Posuerunt
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diff changeset
1290 enim aliam esse personam filii Dei, et filii hominis. Quas dicebant
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diff changeset
1291 sibi invicem esse unitas, primo quidem, secundum inhabitationem,
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diff changeset
1292 inquantum scilicet verbum Dei habitavit in illo homine sicut in
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diff changeset
1293 templo. Secundo, secundum unitatem affectus, inquantum scilicet
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diff changeset
1294 voluntas illius hominis est semper conformis voluntati Dei. Tertio
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diff changeset
1295 modo, secundum operationem, prout scilicet dicebant hominem illum
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diff changeset
1296 esse Dei verbi instrumentum. Quarto, secundum dignitatem honoris,
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diff changeset
1297 prout omnis honor qui exhibetur filio Dei, exhibetur filio hominis,
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diff changeset
1298 propter coniunctionem ad filium Dei. Quinto, secundum
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diff changeset
1299 aequivocationem, idest secundum communicationem nominum, prout
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diff changeset
1300 scilicet dicimus illum hominem esse Deum et filium Dei. Manifestum
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diff changeset
1301 est autem omnes istos modos accidentalem unionem importare. Quidam
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diff changeset
1302 autem posteriores magistri, putantes se has haereses declinare, in
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diff changeset
1303 eas per ignorantiam inciderunt. Quidam enim eorum concesserunt unam
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diff changeset
1304 Christi personam, sed posuerunt duas hypostases, sive duo
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diff changeset
1305 supposita; dicentes hominem quendam, compositum ex anima et
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diff changeset
1306 corpore, a principio suae conceptionis esse assumptum a Dei verbo.
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diff changeset
1307 Et haec est prima opinio quam Magister ponit in sexta distinctione
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diff changeset
1308 tertii libri sententiarum. Alii vero, volentes servare unitatem
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diff changeset
1309 personae, posuerunt Christi animam non esse corpori unitam, sed
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diff changeset
1310 haec duo, separata ab invicem, esse unita verbo accidentaliter, ut
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diff changeset
1311 sic non cresceret numerus personarum. Et haec est tertia opinio
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diff changeset
1312 quam Magister ibidem ponit. Utraque autem harum opinionum incidit
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diff changeset
1313 in haeresim Nestorii. Prima quidem, quia idem est ponere duas
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diff changeset
1314 hypostases vel duo supposita in Christo, quod ponere duas personas,
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diff changeset
1315 ut supra dictum est. Et si fiat vis in nomine personae,
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diff changeset
1316 considerandum est quod etiam Nestorius utebatur unitate personae,
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diff changeset
1317 propter unitatem dignitatis et honoris. Unde et quinta synodus
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diff changeset
1318 definit anathema eum qui dicit <i>unam personam secundum
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diff changeset
1319 dignitatem, honorem et adorationem, sicut Theodorus et Nestorius
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diff changeset
1320 insanientes conscripserunt</i>. Alia vero opinio incidit in errorem
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diff changeset
1321 Nestorii quantum ad hoc, quod posuit unionem accidentalem. Non enim
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diff changeset
1322 differt dicere quod verbum Dei unitum est homini Christo secundum
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diff changeset
1323 inhabitationem sicut in templo suo, sicut dicebat Nestorius; et
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diff changeset
1324 dicere quod unitum fuit verbum homini secundum induitionem sicut
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diff changeset
1325 vestimento, sicut dicit tertia opinio. Quae etiam dicit peius
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diff changeset
1326 aliquid quam Nestorius, quod anima et corpus non sunt unita. Fides
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diff changeset
1327 autem Catholica, medium tenens inter praedictas positiones, neque
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diff changeset
1328 dicit esse unionem factam Dei et hominis secundum essentiam vel
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diff changeset
1329 naturam; neque etiam secundum accidens; sed medio modo, secundum
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diff changeset
1330 subsistentiam seu hypostasim. Unde in quinta synodo legitur, <i>cum
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diff changeset
1331 multis modis unitas intelligatur, qui iniquitatem Apollinarii et
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diff changeset
1332 Eutychetis sequuntur, interemptionem eorum quae convenerunt
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diff changeset
1333 colentes</i>, (idest, interimentes utramque naturam), <i>unionem
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diff changeset
1334 secundum confusionem dicunt; Theodori autem et Nestorii sequaces,
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diff changeset
1335 divisione gaudentes, affectualem unitatem introducunt, sancta vero
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diff changeset
1336 Dei Ecclesia, utriusque perfidiae impietatem reiiciens unionem Dei
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diff changeset
1337 verbi ad carnem secundum compositionem confitetur, quod est
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diff changeset
1338 secundum subsistentiam</i>. Sic igitur patet quod secunda trium
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diff changeset
1339 opinionum quas Magister ponit, quae asserit unam hypostasim Dei et
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diff changeset
1340 hominis, non est dicenda opinio, sed sententia Catholicae fidei.
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diff changeset
1341 Similiter etiam prima opinio, quae ponit duas hypostases; et
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diff changeset
1342 tertia, quae ponit unionem accidentalem; non sunt dicendae
53
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diff changeset
1343 opiniones, sed haereses in Conciliis ab Ecclesia damnatae.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="46834"><span class="ref">[46834] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
1344 dicendum quod, sicut Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>non necesse
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diff changeset
1345 autem omnifariam et indefective assimilari exempla, quod enim in
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diff changeset
1346 omnibus simile, idem utique erit, et non exemplum. Et maxime in
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diff changeset
1347 divinis, impossibile enim simile exemplum invenire et in
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diff changeset
1348 theologia</i>, idest in deitate personarum, et in dispensatione,
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diff changeset
1349 idest in mysterio incarnationis. Humana igitur natura in Christo
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diff changeset
1350 assimilatur habitui, idest vestimento, non quidem quantum ad
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diff changeset
1351 accidentalem unionem, sed quantum ad hoc, quod verbum videtur per
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diff changeset
1352 humanam naturam, sicut homo per vestimentum. Et etiam quantum ad
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diff changeset
1353 hoc, quod vestimentum mutatur, quia scilicet formatur secundum
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diff changeset
1354 figuram eius qui induit ipsum, qui a sua forma non mutatur propter
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diff changeset
1355 vestimentum, et similiter humana natura assumpta a verbo Dei est
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diff changeset
1356 meliorata, ipsum autem verbum Dei non est mutatum; ut exponit
53
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diff changeset
1357 Augustinus, in libro octogintatrium quaestionum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="46835"><span class="ref">[46835] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
1358 dicendum quod illud quod advenit post esse completum,
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diff changeset
1359 accidentaliter advenit, nisi trahatur in communionem illius esse
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diff changeset
1360 completi. Sicut in resurrectione corpus adveniet animae
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diff changeset
1361 praeexistenti, non tamen accidentaliter, quia ad idem esse
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diff changeset
1362 assumetur, ut scilicet corpus habeat esse vitale per animam. Non
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diff changeset
1363 est autem sic de albedine, quia aliud est esse albi, et aliud esse
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diff changeset
1364 hominis cui advenit albedo. Verbum autem Dei ab aeterno esse
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diff changeset
1365 completum habuit secundum hypostasim sive personam, ex tempore
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diff changeset
1366 autem advenit ei natura humana, non quasi assumpta ad unum esse
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diff changeset
1367 prout est naturae, sicut corpus assumitur ad esse animae; sed ad
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diff changeset
1368 unum esse prout est hypostasis vel personae. Et ideo humana natura
53
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diff changeset
1369 non unitur accidentaliter filio Dei.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="46836"><span class="ref">[46836] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
1370 dicendum quod accidens dividitur contra substantiam. Substantia
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diff changeset
1371 autem, ut patet V Metaphys., dupliciter dicitur, uno modo, essentia
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diff changeset
1372 sive natura; alio modo, pro supposito sive hypostasi. Unde sufficit
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diff changeset
1373 ad hoc quod non sit unio accidentalis, quod sit facta unio secundum
53
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diff changeset
1374 hypostasim, licet non sit facta unio secundum naturam.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 6 ad 4"><a name="46837"><span class="ref">[46837] IIIª q. 2 a. 6 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28
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diff changeset
1375 dicendum quod non omne quod assumitur ut instrumentum, pertinet ad
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diff changeset
1376 hypostasim assumentis, sicut patet de securi et gladio nihil tamen
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diff changeset
1377 prohibet illud quod assumitur ad unitatem hypostasis, se habere ut
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diff changeset
1378 instrumentum, sicut corpus hominis vel membra eius. Nestorius
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diff changeset
1379 igitur posuit quod natura humana est assumpta a verbo solum per
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diff changeset
1380 modum instrumenti, non autem ad unitatem hypostasis. Et ideo non
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diff changeset
1381 concedebat quod homo ille vere esset filius Dei, sed instrumentum
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diff changeset
1382 eius. Unde Cyrillus dicit, in epistola ad monachos Aegypti, <i>hunc
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diff changeset
1383 Emanuelem, idest Christum, non tanquam instrumenti officio sumptum
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diff changeset
1384 dicit Scriptura, sed tanquam Deum vere humanatum</i>, idest hominem
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diff changeset
1385 factum. Damascenus autem posuit naturam humanam in Christo esse
53
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diff changeset
1386 sicut instrumentum ad unitatem hypostasis pertinens.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="46838"><span class="ref">[46838] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum sic
28
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diff changeset
1387 proceditur. Videtur quod unio divinae et humanae naturae non sit
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diff changeset
1388 aliquid creatum. Nihil enim in Deo creatum potest esse, quia
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diff changeset
1389 quidquid est in Deo, Deus est. Sed unio est in Deo, quia ipse Deus
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diff changeset
1390 est humanae naturae unitus. Ergo videtur quod unio non sit aliquid
53
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diff changeset
1391 creatum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="46839"><span class="ref">[46839] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
1392 finis est potissimum in unoquoque. Sed finis unionis est divina
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1393 hypostasis sive persona, ad quam terminata est unio. Ergo videtur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1394 quod huiusmodi unio maxime debeat iudicari secundum conditionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1395 divinae hypostasis. Quae non est aliquid creatum. Ergo nec ipsa
53
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diff changeset
1396 unio est aliquid creatum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="46840"><span class="ref">[46840] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> <i>Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1397 propter quod unumquodque, et illud magis</i>. Sed homo dicitur esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1398 creator propter unionem. Ergo multo magis ipsa unio non est aliquid
53
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diff changeset
1399 creatum, sed creator.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 s. c."><a name="46841"><span class="ref">[46841] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1400 quod incipit esse ex tempore, est creatum. Sed unio illa non fuit
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diff changeset
1401 ab aeterno, sed incoepit esse ex tempore. Ergo unio est aliquid
53
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diff changeset
1402 creatum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 co."><a name="46842"><span class="ref">[46842] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1403 quod unio de qua loquimur est relatio quaedam quae consideratur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1404 inter divinam naturam et humanam, secundum quod conveniunt in una
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1405 persona filii Dei. Sicut autem in prima parte dictum est, omnis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1406 relatio quae consideratur inter Deum et creaturam, realiter quidem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1407 est in creatura, per cuius mutationem talis relatio innascitur, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1408 autem est realiter in Deo, sed secundum rationem tantum, quia non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1409 nascitur secundum mutationem Dei. Sic igitur dicendum est quod haec
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1410 unio de qua loquimur, non est in Deo realiter, sed secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1411 rationem tantum in humana autem natura, quae creatura quaedam est,
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1412 est realiter. Et ideo oportet dicere quod sit quoddam creatum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="46843"><span class="ref">[46843] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1413 dicendum quod haec unio non est in Deo realiter sed solum secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1414 rationem tantum, dicitur enim Deus unitus creaturae ex hoc quod
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1415 creatura unita est ei, absque Dei mutatione.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="46844"><span class="ref">[46844] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1416 dicendum quod ratio relationis, sicut et motus dependet ex fine vel
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1417 termino, sed esse eius dependet ex subiecto. Et quia unio talis non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1418 habet esse reale nisi in natura creata, ut dictum est, consequens
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1419 est quod habeat esse creatum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="46845"><span class="ref">[46845] IIIª q. 2 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1420 dicendum quod homo dicitur et est Deus propter unionem inquantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1421 terminatur ad hypostasim divinam. Non tamen sequitur quod ipsa unio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1422 sit creator vel Deus, quia quod aliquid dicatur creatum, hoc magis
53
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diff changeset
1423 respicit esse ipsius quam relationem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="46846"><span class="ref">[46846] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1424 proceditur. Videtur quod idem sit unio quod assumptio. Relationes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1425 enim, sicut et motus, specificantur secundum terminum. Sed idem est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1426 terminus assumptionis et unionis, scilicet divina hypostasis. Ergo
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1427 videtur quod non differant unio et assumptio.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="46847"><span class="ref">[46847] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1428 mysterio incarnationis idem videtur esse uniens et assumens, unitum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1429 et assumptum. Sed unio et assumptio videntur sequi actionem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1430 passionem unientis et uniti, vel assumentis et assumpti. Ergo
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1431 videtur idem esse unio quod assumptio.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="46848"><span class="ref">[46848] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1432 Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>aliud est unio, aliud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1433 incarnatio. Nam unio solam demonstrat copulationem, ad quid autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1434 facta est, non adhuc. Incarnatio autem et humanatio determinant ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1435 quem sit facta copulatio</i>. Sed similiter assumptio non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1436 determinat ad quem facta sit copulatio. Ergo videtur idem esse unio
53
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diff changeset
1437 et assumptio.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 s. c."><a name="46849"><span class="ref">[46849] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1438 quod divina natura dicitur unita, non autem assumpta.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 co."><a name="46850"><span class="ref">[46850] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1439 quod, sicut dictum est, unio importat relationem divinae naturae et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1440 humanae secundum quod conveniunt in una persona. Omnis autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1441 relatio quae incipit esse ex tempore, ex aliqua mutatione causatur.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1442 Mutatio autem consistit in actione et passione. Sic igitur dicendum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1443 est quod prima et principalis differentia inter unionem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1444 assumptionem est quod unio importat ipsam relationem, assumptio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1445 autem actionem secundum quam dicitur aliquis assumens, vel
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1446 passionem secundum quam dicitur aliquid assumptum. Ex hac autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1447 differentia accipitur secundo alia differentia. Nam assumptio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1448 dicitur sicut in fieri, unio autem sicut in facto esse. Et ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1449 uniens dicitur esse unitum, assumens autem non dicitur esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1450 assumptum. Natura enim humana significatur ut in termino
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1451 assumptionis ad hypostasim divinam per hoc quod dicitur homo, unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1452 vere dicimus quod filius Dei, qui est uniens sibi humanam naturam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1453 est homo. Sed humana natura in se considerata, idest in abstracto,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1454 significatur ut assumpta, non autem dicimus quod filius Dei sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1455 humana natura. Ex eodem etiam sequitur tertia differentia, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1456 relatio, praecipue aequiparantiae, non magis se habet ad unum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1457 extremum quam ad aliud; actio autem et passio diversimode se habent
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1458 ad agens et patiens, et ad diversos terminos. Et ideo assumptio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1459 determinat terminum et a quo et ad quem, dicitur enim assumptio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1460 quasi ab alio ad se sumptio, unio autem nihil horum determinat.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1461 Unde indifferenter dicitur quod humana natura est unita divinae, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1462 e converso. Non autem dicitur divina natura assumpta ab humana, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1463 e converso, quia humana natura adiuncta est ad personalitatem
53
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diff changeset
1464 divinam, ut scilicet persona divina in humana natura subsistat.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="46851"><span class="ref">[46851] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1465 dicendum quod unio et assumptio non eodem modo se habent ad
53
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diff changeset
1466 terminum, sed diversimode, sicut dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="46852"><span class="ref">[46852] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1467 dicendum quod uniens et assumens non omnino sunt idem. Nam omnis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1468 persona assumens est uniens, non autem e converso. Nam persona
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1469 patris univit naturam humanam filio, non autem sibi et ideo dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1470 uniens, non assumens. Et similiter non est idem unitum et
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1471 assumptum. Nam divina natura dicitur unita, non assumpta.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="46853"><span class="ref">[46853] IIIª q. 2 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1472 dicendum quod assumptio determinat cui facta est copulatio ex parte
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1473 assumentis, inquantum assumptio dicitur quasi ad se sumptio. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1474 incarnatio et humanatio ex parte assumpti, quod est caro, vel
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1475 natura humana. Et ideo assumptio differt ratione et ab unione, et
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1476 ab incarnatione seu humanatione.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 9</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="46854"><span class="ref">[46854] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1477 proceditur. Videtur quod unio duarum naturarum non sit maxima
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1478 unionum. Unitum enim deficit in ratione unitatis ab eo quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1479 unum, eo quod unitum dicitur per participationem, unum autem per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1480 essentiam. Sed in rebus creatis aliquid dicitur esse simpliciter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1481 unum, sicut praecipue patet de ipsa unitate quae est principium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1482 numeri. Ergo huiusmodi unio de qua loquimur, non importat maximam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1483 unitatem.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="46855"><span class="ref">[46855] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1484 quanto ea quae uniuntur magis distant, tanto minor est unio. Sed ea
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1485 quae secundum hanc unionem uniuntur, maxime distant, scilicet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1486 natura divina et humana, distant enim in infinitum. Ergo huiusmodi
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1487 est minima unio.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="46856"><span class="ref">[46856] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, per
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1488 unionem aliquid fit unum. Sed ex unione animae et corporis in nobis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1489 fit aliquid unum in persona et natura, ex unione autem divinae et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1490 humanae naturae fit aliquid unum solum in persona. Ergo maior est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1491 unio animae ad corpus quam divinae naturae ad humanam. Et sic unio
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1492 de qua loquimur, non importat maximam unitatem.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 s. c."><a name="46857"><span class="ref">[46857] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1493 quod Augustinus dicit, in I de Trin., quod <i>homo potius est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1494 filio quam filius in patre</i>. Filius autem est in patre per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1495 unitatem essentiae, homo autem est in filio per unionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1496 incarnationis. Ergo maior est unio incarnationis quam unitas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1497 divinae essentiae. Quae tamen est maxima unitatum. Et sic, per
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1498 consequens, unio incarnationis importat maximam unitatem.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 co."><a name="46858"><span class="ref">[46858] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1499 quod unio importat coniunctionem aliquorum in aliquo uno. Potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1500 ergo unio incarnationis dupliciter accipi, uno modo, ex parte eorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1501 quae coniunguntur; et alio modo, ex parte eius in quo coniunguntur.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1502 Et ex hac parte huiusmodi unio habet praeeminentiam inter alias
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1503 uniones, nam unitas personae divinae, in qua uniuntur duae naturae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1504 est maxima. Non autem habet praeeminentiam ex parte eorum quae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1505 coniunguntur.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="46859"><span class="ref">[46859] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1506 dicendum quod unitas personae divinae est maior quam unitas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1507 numeralis, quae scilicet est principium numeri. Nam unitas divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1508 personae est unitas per se subsistens, non recepta in aliquo per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1509 participationem, est etiam in se completa, habens in se quidquid
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1510 pertinet ad rationem unitatis. Et ideo non competit sibi ratio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1511 partis, sicut unitati numerali, quae est pars numeri, et quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1512 participatur in rebus numeratis. Et ideo quantum ad hoc unio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1513 incarnationis praeeminet unitati numerali, ratione scilicet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1514 unitatis personae. Non autem ratione naturae humanae, quae non est
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1515 ipsa unitas personae divinae, sed est ei unita.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="46860"><span class="ref">[46860] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1516 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit ex parte coniunctorum, non autem
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1517 ex parte personae in qua est facta unio.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="46861"><span class="ref">[46861] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1518 dicendum quod unitas divinae personae est maior unitas quam unitas
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diff changeset
1519 et personae et naturae in nobis. Et ideo unio incarnationis est
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1520 maior quam unio animae et corporis in nobis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 9 ad 4"><a name="46862"><span class="ref">[46862] IIIª q. 2 a. 9 ad 4</span></a> Quia vero id quod
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1521 in contrarium obiicitur falsum supponit, scilicet quod maior sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1522 unio incarnationis quam unitas personarum divinarum in essentia,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1523 dicendum est ad auctoritatem Augustini quod humana natura non est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1524 magis in filio Dei quam filius Dei in patre sed multo minus, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1525 ipse homo, quantum ad aliquid, est magis in filio quam filius in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1526 patre; inquantum scilicet idem supponitur in hoc quod dico homo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1527 prout sumitur pro Christo, et in hoc quod dico, filius Dei; non
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1528 autem idem est suppositum patris et filii.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 10</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="46863"><span class="ref">[46863] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1529 proceditur. Videtur quod unio incarnationis non sit per gratiam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1530 Gratia enim est accidens quoddam, ut in secunda parte habitum est.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1531 Sed unio humanae naturae ad divinam non est facta per accidens, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1532 supra ostensum est. Ergo videtur quod unio incarnationis non sit
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1533 facta per gratiam.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="46864"><span class="ref">[46864] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1534 gratiae subiectum est anima. Sed sicut dicitur Coloss. II, <i>in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1535 Christo habitavit plenitudo divinitatis corporaliter</i>. Ergo
53
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diff changeset
1536 videtur quod illa unio non sit facta per gratiam.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="46865"><span class="ref">[46865] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1537 quilibet sanctus Deo unitur per gratiam. Si igitur unio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1538 incarnationis fuit per gratiam, videtur quod non aliter dicatur
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1539 Christus esse Deus quam alii sancti homines.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 s. c."><a name="46866"><span class="ref">[46866] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1540 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Praedest. sanctorum, <i>ea
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1541 gratia fit ab initio fidei suae homo quicumque Christianus, qua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1542 gratia homo ille ab initio suo factus est Christus</i>. Sed homo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1543 ille factus est Christus per unionem ad divinam naturam. Ergo unio
53
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diff changeset
1544 illa fuit per gratiam.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 co."><a name="46867"><span class="ref">[46867] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1545 dicendum quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, gratia dupliciter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1546 dicitur, uno modo, ipsa voluntas Dei gratis aliquid dantis; alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1547 modo, ipsum gratuitum donum Dei. Indiget autem humana natura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1548 gratuita Dei voluntate ad hoc quod elevetur in Deum, cum hoc sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1549 supra facultatem naturae suae. Elevatur autem humana natura in Deum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1550 dupliciter. Uno modo, per operationem, qua scilicet sancti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1551 cognoscunt et amant Deum. Alio modo, per esse personale, qui quidem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1552 modus est singularis Christo, in quo humana natura assumpta est ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1553 hoc quod sit personae filii Dei. Manifestum est autem quod ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1554 perfectionem operationis requiritur quod potentia sit perfecta per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1555 habitum, sed quod natura habeat esse in supposito suo, non fit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1556 mediante aliquo habitu. Sic igitur dicendum est quod, si gratia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1557 accipiatur ipsa Dei voluntas gratis aliquid faciens, vel gratum seu
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1558 acceptum aliquem habens, unio incarnationis facta est per gratiam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1559 sicut et unio sanctorum ad Deum per cognitionem et amorem. Si vero
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1560 gratia dicatur ipsum gratuitum Dei donum, sic ipsum quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1561 humanam naturam esse unitam personae divinae, potest dici quaedam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1562 gratia, inquantum nullis praecedentibus meritis hoc est factum, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1563 autem ita quod sit aliqua gratia habitualis qua mediante talis unio
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1564 fiat.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="46868"><span class="ref">[46868] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1565 dicendum quod gratia quae est accidens, est quaedam similitudo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1566 divinitatis participata in homine. Per incarnationem autem humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1567 natura non dicitur participasse similitudinem aliquam divinae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1568 naturae, sed dicitur esse coniuncta ipsi naturae divinae in persona
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1569 filii. Maius autem est ipsa res quam similitudo eius
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1570 participata.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="46869"><span class="ref">[46869] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1571 dicendum quod gratia habitualis est solum in anima, sed gratia,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1572 idest gratuitum Dei donum quod est uniri divinae personae, pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1573 ad totam naturam humanam, quae componitur ex anima et corpore. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1574 per hunc modum dicitur plenitudo divinitatis in Christo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1575 corporaliter habitasse, quia est unita divina natura non solum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1576 animae, sed etiam corpori. Quamvis etiam possit dici quod dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1577 habitasse in Christo corporaliter, idest non umbraliter, sicut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1578 habitavit in sacramentis veteris legis, de quibus ibidem subditur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1579 quod sunt <i>umbra futurorum, corpus autem est Christus</i>, prout
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1580 scilicet corpus contra umbram dividitur. Dicunt etiam quidam quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1581 divinitas dicitur in Christo habitasse corporaliter, scilicet
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1582 tribus modis, sicut corpus habet tres dimensiones, uno modo, per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1583 essentiam, praesentiam et potentiam, sicut in ceteris creaturis;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1584 alio modo, per gratiam gratum facientem, sicut in sanctis tertio
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1585 modo, per unionem personalem, quod est proprium sibi.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="46870"><span class="ref">[46870] IIIª q. 2 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Unde patet
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1586 responsio ad tertium, quia scilicet unio incarnationis non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1587 facta solum per gratiam habitualem, sicut alii sancti uniuntur Deo;
53
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diff changeset
1588 sed secundum subsistentiam, sive personam.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 11</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 arg. 1"><a name="46871"><span class="ref">[46871] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 arg. 1</span></a> Ad undecimum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1589 sic proceditur. Videtur quod unio incarnationis fuerit aliqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1590 merita subsecuta. Quia super illud Psalmi, <i>fiat misericordia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1591 tua, domine, super nos, quemadmodum speravimus in te</i>, dicit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1592 Glossa, <i>hic insinuatur desiderium prophetae de incarnatione, et
53
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diff changeset
1593 meritum impletionis</i>. Ergo incarnatio cadit sub merito.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 arg. 2"><a name="46872"><span class="ref">[46872] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1594 quicumque meretur aliquid, meretur illud sine quo illud haberi non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1595 potest. Sed antiqui patres merebantur vitam aeternam, ad quam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1596 pervenire non poterant nisi per incarnationem, dicit enim
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1597 Gregorius, in libro Moral., <i>hi qui ante Christi adventum in hunc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1598 mundum venerunt, quantamlibet iustitiae virtutem haberent, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1599 corporibus educti in sinum caelestis patriae statim recipi nullo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1600 modo poterant, quia nondum ille venerat qui iustorum animas in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1601 perpetua sede collocaret</i>. Ergo videtur quod meruerint
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
1602 incarnationem.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 arg. 3"><a name="46873"><span class="ref">[46873] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, de
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1603 beata virgine cantatur quod <i>dominum omnium meruit portare</i>,
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diff changeset
1604 quod quidem factum est per incarnationem. Ergo incarnatio cadit sub
53
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diff changeset
1605 merito.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 s. c."><a name="46874"><span class="ref">[46874] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1606 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Praedest. sanctorum, <i>quisquis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1607 in capite nostro praecedentia merita singularis illius generationis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1608 invenerit, ipse in nobis, membris eius, praecedentia merita
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1609 multiplicatae regenerationis inquirat</i>. Sed nulla merita
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1610 praecesserunt regenerationem nostram secundum illud Tit. III,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1611 <i>non ex operibus iustitiae quae fecimus nos, sed secundum suam
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diff changeset
1612 misericordiam salvos nos fecit per lavacrum regenerationis</i>.
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diff changeset
1613 Ergo nec illam Christi generationem aliqua merita
53
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diff changeset
1614 praecesserunt.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 co."><a name="46875"><span class="ref">[46875] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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diff changeset
1615 dicendum quod, quantum ad ipsum Christum, manifestum est ex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1616 praemissis quod nulla eius merita potuerunt praecedere unionem. Non
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diff changeset
1617 enim ponimus quod ante fuerit purus homo, et postea per meritum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1618 bonae vitae obtinuerit esse filius Dei, sicut posuit Photinus, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1619 ponimus quod a principio suae conceptionis ille homo vere fuerit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1620 filius Dei, utpote non habens aliam hypostasim quam filium Dei,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1621 secundum illud Luc. I, <i>quod ex te nascetur sanctum, vocabitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1622 filius Dei</i>. Et ideo omnis operatio illius hominis subsecuta est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1623 unionem. Unde nulla eius operatio potuit esse meritum unionis. Sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1624 neque etiam opera cuiuscumque alterius hominis potuerunt esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1625 meritoria huius unionis ex condigno. Primo quidem, quia opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1626 meritoria hominis proprie ordinantur ad beatitudinem, quae est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1627 virtutis praemium, et consistit in plena Dei fruitione. Unio autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1628 incarnationis, cum sit in esse personali, transcendit unionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1629 mentis beatae ad Deum, quae est per actum fruentis. Et ita non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1630 potest cadere sub merito. Secundo, quia gratia non potest cadere
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1631 sub merito, quia est merendi principium. Unde multo minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1632 incarnatio cadit sub merito, quae est principium gratiae, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1633 illud Ioan. I, <i>gratia et veritas per Iesum Christum facta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1634 est</i>. Tertio, quia incarnatio Christi est reformativa totius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1635 humanae naturae. Et ideo non cadit sub merito alicuius hominis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1636 singularis, quia bonum alicuius puri hominis non potest esse causa
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1637 boni totius naturae. Ex congruo tamen meruerunt sancti patres
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1638 incarnationem, desiderando et petendo. Congruum enim erat ut Deus
53
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ht
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diff changeset
1639 exaudiret eos qui ei obediebant.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 ad 1"><a name="46876"><span class="ref">[46876] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 ad 1</span></a> Et per hoc patet
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1640 responsio ad primum.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 ad 2"><a name="46877"><span class="ref">[46877] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1641 dicendum hoc esse falsum, quod sub merito cadat omne illud sine quo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1642 praemium esse non potest. Quaedam enim sunt quae non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1643 requiruntur ad praemium, sed etiam praeexiguntur ad meritum, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1644 divina bonitas et eius gratia, et ipsa hominis natura. Et similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1645 incarnationis mysterium est principium merendi, quia <i>de
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1646 plenitudine Christi omnes accepimus</i>, ut dicitur Ioan. I.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 11 ad 3"><a name="46878"><span class="ref">[46878] IIIª q. 2 a. 11 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1647 dicendum quod beata virgo dicitur meruisse portare dominum Iesum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1648 Christum, non quia meruit Deum incarnari, sed quia meruit, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1649 gratia sibi data, illum puritatis et sanctitatis gradum ut congrue
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1650 posset esse mater Dei.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 12</h3><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 arg. 1"><a name="46879"><span class="ref">[46879] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 arg. 1</span></a> Ad duodecimum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1651 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia unionis non fuerit Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1652 homini naturalis. Unio enim incarnationis non est facta in natura,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1653 sed in persona, ut supra dictum est. Sed unumquodque denominatur a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1654 termino. Ergo gratia illa magis debet dici personalis quam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1655 naturalis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 arg. 2"><a name="46880"><span class="ref">[46880] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1656 gratia dividitur contra naturam, sicut gratuita, quae sunt a Deo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1657 distinguuntur contra naturalia, quae sunt a principio intrinseco.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1658 Sed eorum quae ex opposito dividuntur, unum non denominatur ab
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1659 alio. Ergo gratia Christi non est ei naturalis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 arg. 3"><a name="46881"><span class="ref">[46881] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1660 naturale dicitur quod est secundum naturam. Sed gratia unionis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1661 est naturalis Christo secundum naturam divinam, quia sic conveniret
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1662 etiam aliis personis. Neque etiam naturalis est ei secundum naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1663 humanam, quia sic conveniret omnibus hominibus qui sunt eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1664 naturae cum ipso. Ergo videtur quod nullo modo gratia unionis sit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1665 Christo naturalis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 s. c."><a name="46882"><span class="ref">[46882] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1666 quod Augustinus dicit, in Enchirid., <i>in naturae humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1667 susceptione fit quodammodo ipsa gratia illi homini naturalis, qua
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1668 nullum possit admittere peccatum</i>.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 co."><a name="46883"><span class="ref">[46883] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1669 dicendum quod, secundum philosophum, in V Metaphys., natura uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1670 modo dicitur ipsa nativitas, alio modo essentia rei. Unde naturale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1671 potest aliquid dici dupliciter. Uno modo, quod est tantum ex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1672 principiis essentialibus rei, sicut igni naturale est sursum ferri.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1673 Alio modo dicitur esse homini naturale quod ab ipsa nativitate
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1674 habet, secundum illud Ephes. II, <i>eramus natura filii irae</i>;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1675 et Sap. XII, <i>nequam est natio eorum, et naturalis malitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1676 ipsorum</i>. Gratia igitur Christi, sive unionis sive habitualis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1677 non potest dici naturalis quasi causata ex principiis naturae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1678 humanae in ipso, quamvis possit dici naturalis quasi proveniens in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1679 naturam humanam Christi causante divina natura ipsius. Dicitur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1680 autem naturalis utraque gratia in Christo inquantum eam a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1681 nativitate habuit, quia ab initio conceptionis fuit natura humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1682 divinae personae unita, et anima eius fuit munere gratiae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1683 repleta.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 ad 1"><a name="46884"><span class="ref">[46884] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1684 dicendum quod, licet unio non sit facta in natura, est tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1685 causata ex virtute divinae naturae, quae est vere natura Christi.
53
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diff changeset
1686 Et etiam convenit Christo a principio nativitatis.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 ad 2"><a name="46885"><span class="ref">[46885] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1687 dicendum quod non secundum idem dicitur gratia, et naturalis. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1688 gratia quidem dicitur inquantum non est ex merito, naturalis autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1689 dicitur inquantum est ex virtute divinae naturae in humanitate
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1690 Christi ab eius nativitate.</p><p title="III q. 2 a. 12 ad 3"><a name="46886"><span class="ref">[46886] IIIª q. 2 a. 12 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1691 dicendum quod gratia unionis non est naturalis Christo secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1692 humanam naturam, quasi ex principiis humanae naturae causata. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1693 ideo non oportet quod conveniat omnibus hominibus. Est tamen
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1694 naturalis ei secundum humanam naturam, propter proprietatem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1695 nativitatis ipsius, prout sic conceptus est ex spiritu sancto ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1696 esset idem naturalis filius Dei et hominis. Secundum vero divinam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1697 naturam est ei naturalis, inquantum divina natura est principium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1698 activum huius gratiae. Et hoc convenit toti Trinitati, scilicet
53
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diff changeset
1699 huius gratiae esse activum principium.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q3"><h2>Quaestio 3</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 3 pr."><a name="46887"><span class="ref">[46887]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
1700 IIIª q. 3 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de unione ex
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1701 parte personae assumentis. Et circa hoc quaeruntur octo. Primo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1702 utrum assumere conveniat personae divinae. Secundo, utrum conveniat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1703 naturae divinae. Tertio, utrum natura possit assumere, abstracta
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1704 personalitate. Quarto, utrum una persona possit assumere sine alia.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1705 Quinto, utrum quaelibet persona possit assumere. Sexto, utrum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1706 plures personae possint assumere unam naturam numero. Septimo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1707 utrum una persona possit assumere duas naturas numero. Octavo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1708 utrum magis fuerit conveniens de persona filii quod assumpsit
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1709 humanam naturam, quam de alia persona divina.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="46888"><span class="ref">[46888] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1710 proceditur. Videtur quod personae divinae non conveniat assumere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1711 naturam creatam. Persona enim divina significat aliquid maxime
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1712 perfectum. Perfectum autem est cui non potest fieri additio. Cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1713 igitur assumere sit quasi ad se sumere, ita quod assumptum addatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1714 assumenti, videtur quod personae divinae non conveniat assumere
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1715 naturam creatam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="46889"><span class="ref">[46889] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1716 illud ad quod aliquid assumitur, communicatur quodammodo ei quod in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1717 ipsum assumitur, sicut dignitas communicatur ei qui in dignitatem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1718 assumitur. Sed de ratione personae est quod sit incommunicabilis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1719 ut in prima parte dictum est. Ergo personae divinae non convenit
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1720 assumere, quod est ad se sumere.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="46890"><span class="ref">[46890] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1721 persona constituitur per naturam. Sed inconveniens est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1722 constitutum assumat constituens, quia effectus non agit in suam
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1723 causam. Ergo personae non convenit assumere naturam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 s. c."><a name="46891"><span class="ref">[46891] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1724 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de fide ad Petrum, <i>formam, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1725 naturam servi in suam accepit Deus ille</i>, scilicet unigenitus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1726 <i>personam</i>. Sed Deus unigenitus est persona. Ergo personae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1727 competit accipere naturam, quod est assumere.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 co."><a name="46892"><span class="ref">[46892] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1728 quod in verbo assumptionis duo importantur, videlicet principium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1729 actus, et terminus, dicitur enim assumere quasi ad se aliquid
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1730 sumere. Huius autem assumptionis persona est et principium et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1731 terminus. Principium quidem, quia personae proprie competit agere,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1732 huiusmodi autem sumptio carnis per actionem divinam facta est.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1733 Similiter etiam persona est huius sumptionis terminus, quia, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1734 supra dictum est, unio facta est in persona, non in natura. Et sic
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1735 patet quod propriissime competit personae assumere naturam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="46893"><span class="ref">[46893] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1736 dicendum quod, cum persona divina sit infinita, non potest ei fieri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1737 additio. Unde Cyrillus dicit, in epistola synodali Ephesini
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1738 Concilii, <i>non secundum coappositionem coniunctionis intelligimus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1739 modum</i>. Sicut etiam in unione hominis ad Deum quae est per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1740 gratiam adoptionis, non additur aliquid Deo, sed id quod divinum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1741 est apponitur homini. Unde non Deus, sed homo perficitur.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="46894"><span class="ref">[46894] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1742 dicendum quod persona dicitur incommunicabilis inquantum non potest
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1743 de pluribus suppositis praedicari. Nihil tamen prohibet plura de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1744 persona praedicari. Unde non est contra rationem personae sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1745 communicari ut subsistat in pluribus naturis. Quia etiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1746 personam creatam possunt plures naturae concurrere accidentaliter,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1747 sicut in persona unius hominis invenitur quantitas et qualitas. Hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1748 autem est proprium divinae personae, propter eius infinitatem, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1749 fiat in ea concursus naturarum, non quidem accidentaliter, sed
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1750 secundum subsistentiam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="46895"><span class="ref">[46895] IIIª q. 3 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1751 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, natura humana non constituit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1752 personam divinam simpliciter, sed constituit eam secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1753 denominatur a tali natura. Non enim ex natura humana habet filius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1754 Dei quod sit simpliciter, cum fuerit ab aeterno, sed solum quod sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1755 homo. Sed secundum naturam divinam constituitur persona divina
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1756 simpliciter. Unde persona divina non dicitur assumere divinam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1757 naturam, sed humanam.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="46896"><span class="ref">[46896] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1758 proceditur. Videtur quod naturae divinae non conveniat assumere.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1759 Quia, sicut dictum est assumere dicitur quasi ad se sumere. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1760 natura divina non sumpsit ad se humanam naturam, quia non est facta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1761 unio in natura, sed in persona, sicut supra dictum est. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1762 naturae divinae non competit assumere naturam humanam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="46897"><span class="ref">[46897] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1763 natura divina communis est tribus personis. Si igitur naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1764 convenit assumere, sequitur quod conveniat tribus personis et ita
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1765 pater assumpsit humanam naturam, sicut et filius. Quod est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1766 erroneum.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="46898"><span class="ref">[46898] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1767 assumere est agere. Agere autem convenit personae, non naturae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1768 quae magis significatur ut principium quo agens agit. Ergo assumere
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1769 non convenit naturae.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 s. c."><a name="46899"><span class="ref">[46899] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1770 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de fide ad Petrum, <i>illa natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1771 quae semper genita manet ex patre</i>, idest, quae est per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1772 generationem aeternam accepta a patre, <i>naturam nostram sine
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1773 peccato suscepit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 co."><a name="46900"><span class="ref">[46900] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1774 quod, sicut dictum est, in verbo assumptionis duo significantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1775 scilicet principium actionis, et terminus eius. Esse autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1776 assumptionis principium convenit naturae divinae secundum seipsam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1777 quia eius virtute assumptio facta est. Sed esse terminum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1778 assumptionis non convenit naturae divinae secundum seipsam, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1779 ratione personae in qua consideratur. Et ideo primo quidem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1780 propriissime persona dicitur assumere, secundario autem potest dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1781 quod etiam natura assumit naturam ad sui personam. Et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1782 etiam hunc modum dicitur natura incarnata, non quasi sit in carnem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1783 conversa; sed quia naturam carnis assumpsit. Unde dicit Damascenus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1784 <i>dicimus naturam Dei incarnatam esse, secundum beatos Athanasium
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1785 et Cyrillum</i>.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="46901"><span class="ref">[46901] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1786 dicendum quod ly se est reciprocum, et refert idem suppositum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1787 Natura autem divina non differt supposito a persona verbi. Et ideo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1788 inquantum natura divina sumit naturam humanam ad personam verbi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1789 dicitur eam ad se sumere. Sed quamvis pater assumat naturam humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1790 ad personam verbi, non tamen propter hoc sumit eam ad se, quia non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1791 est idem suppositum patris et verbi. Et ideo non potest dici
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1792 proprie quod pater assumat naturam humanam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="46902"><span class="ref">[46902] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1793 dicendum quod id quod convenit divinae naturae secundum se,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1794 convenit tribus personis, sicut bonitas, sapientia et huiusmodi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1795 Sed assumere convenit ei ratione personae verbi, sicut dictum est.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1796 Et ideo soli illi personae convenit.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="46903"><span class="ref">[46903] IIIª q. 3 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1797 dicendum quod, sicut in Deo idem est quod est et quo est, ita etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1798 in eo idem est quod agit et quo agit, quia unumquodque agit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1799 inquantum est ens. Unde natura divina et est id quo Deus agit, et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1800 est ipse Deus agens.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="46904"><span class="ref">[46904] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1801 proceditur. Videtur quod, abstracta personalitate per intellectum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1802 natura non possit assumere. Dictum est enim quod naturae convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1803 assumere ratione personae. Sed quod convenit alicui ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1804 alicuius, remoto eo, non potest ei convenire, sicut corpus, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1805 est visibile ratione coloris, sine colore videri non potest. Ergo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1806 abstracta personalitate per intellectum, natura assumere non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1807 potest.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="46905"><span class="ref">[46905] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1808 assumptio importat terminum unionis, ut dictum est. Sed unio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1809 potest fieri in natura, sed solum in persona. Ergo, abstracta
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1810 personalitate, natura divina non potest assumere.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="46906"><span class="ref">[46906] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1811 prima parte dictum est quod in divinis, abstracta personalitate,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1812 nihil manet. Sed assumens est aliquid. Ergo, abstracta
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1813 personalitate, non potest divina natura assumere.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 s. c."><a name="46907"><span class="ref">[46907] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1814 quod in divinis personalitas dicitur proprietas personalis, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1815 est triplex, scilicet paternitas, processio et filiatio, ut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1816 prima parte dictum est. Sed, remotis his per intellectum, adhuc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1817 remanet Dei omnipotentia, per quam est facta incarnatio, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1818 Angelus dixit, Luc. I, <i>non erit impossibile apud Deum omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1819 verbum</i>. Ergo videtur quod, etiam remota personalitate, natura
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
1820 divina possit assumere.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 co."><a name="46908"><span class="ref">[46908] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1821 quod intellectus dupliciter se habet ad divina uno modo, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1822 cognoscat Deum sicuti est. Et sic impossibile est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1823 circumscribatur per intellectum aliquid a Deo quod aliud remaneat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1824 quia totum quod est in Deo est unum, salva distinctione personarum;
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1825 quarum tamen una tollitur, sublata alia, quia distinguuntur solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1826 relationibus, quas oportet esse simul. Alio modo se habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1827 intellectus ad divina, non quidem quasi cognoscens Deum ut est, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1828 per modum suum, scilicet multipliciter et divisim id quod in Deo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1829 est unum. Et per hunc modum potest intellectus noster intelligere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1830 bonitatem et sapientiam divinam, et alia huiusmodi, quae dicuntur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1831 essentialia attributa, non intellecta paternitate vel filiatione,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1832 quae dicuntur personalitates. Et secundum hoc, abstracta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1833 personalitate per intellectum, possumus adhuc intelligere naturam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1834 assumentem.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="46909"><span class="ref">[46909] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1835 dicendum quod, quia in divinis idem est quo est et quod est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1836 quidquid eorum quae attribuuntur Deo in abstracto secundum se
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1837 consideretur, aliis circumscriptis, erit aliquid subsistens, et per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1838 consequens persona, cum sit in natura intellectuali. Sicut igitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1839 nunc, positis proprietatibus personalibus in Deo, dicimus tres
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1840 personas, ita, exclusis per intellectum proprietatibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1841 personalibus, remanebit in consideratione nostra natura divina ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1842 subsistens, et ut persona. Et per hunc modum potest intelligi quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1843 assumat naturam humanam ratione suae subsistentiae vel
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1844 personalitatis.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="46910"><span class="ref">[46910] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1845 dicendum quod, etiam circumscriptis per intellectum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1846 personalitatibus trium personarum, remanebit in intellectu una
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1847 personalitas Dei, ut Iudaei intelligunt, ad quam poterit terminari
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1848 assumptio, sicut nunc dicimus eam terminari ad personam verbi.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="46911"><span class="ref">[46911] IIIª q. 3 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1849 dicendum quod, abstracta personalitate per intellectum, dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1850 nihil remanere per modum resolutionis, quasi aliud sit quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1851 subiicitur relationi, et aliud ipsa relatio, quia quidquid
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1852 consideratur in Deo, consideratur ut suppositum subsistens. Potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1853 tamen aliquid eorum quae dicuntur de Deo intelligi sine alio, non
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1854 per modum resolutionis, sed per modum iam dictum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="46912"><span class="ref">[46912] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1855 proceditur. Videtur quod una persona non possit assumere naturam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1856 creatam, alia non assumente. Indivisa enim sunt opera Trinitatis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1857 ut dicit Augustinus, in Enchirid., sicut enim trium personarum est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1858 una essentia, ita una operatio. Sed assumere est operatio quaedam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1859 Ergo non potest convenire uni personae divinae quin conveniat
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1860 alii.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="46913"><span class="ref">[46913] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1861 sicut dicimus personam filii incarnatam, ita et naturam, <i>tota
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1862 enim divina natura in una suarum hypostasum incarnata est</i>, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1863 dicit Damascenus, in III libro. Sed natura communis est tribus
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1864 personis. Ergo et assumptio.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="46914"><span class="ref">[46914] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1865 sicut humana natura in Christo assumpta est a Deo, ita etiam et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1866 homines per gratiam assumuntur ab ipso, secundum illud Rom. XIV,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1867 <i>Deus illum assumpsit</i>. Sed haec assumptio communiter pertinet
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1868 ad omnes personas. Ergo et prima.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 s. c."><a name="46915"><span class="ref">[46915] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1869 quod Dionysius, II cap. de Div. Nom., incarnationis mysterium dicit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1870 pertinere ad discretam theologiam, secundum quam scilicet aliquid
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1871 distinctum dicitur de divinis personis.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 co."><a name="46916"><span class="ref">[46916] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1872 quod, sicut dictum est, assumptio duo importat, scilicet actum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1873 assumentis, et terminum assumptionis. Actus autem assumentis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1874 procedit ex divina virtute, quae communis est tribus personis, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1875 terminus assumptionis est persona, sicut dictum est. Et ideo id
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1876 quod est actionis in assumptione, commune est tribus personis, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1877 id quod pertinet ad rationem termini, convenit ita uni personae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1878 quod non alii. Tres enim personae fecerunt ut humana natura
53
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diff changeset
1879 uniretur uni personae filii.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="46917"><span class="ref">[46917] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1880 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit ex parte operationis. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1881 sequeretur conclusio si solam illam operationem importaret absque
53
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diff changeset
1882 termino, qui est persona.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="46918"><span class="ref">[46918] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1883 dicendum quod natura dicitur incarnata, sicut et assumens, ratione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1884 personae ad quam terminata est unio, sicut dictum est, non autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1885 prout est communis tribus personis. Dicitur autem tota natura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1886 divina incarnata, non quia sit incarnata in omnibus personis, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1887 quia nihil deest de perfectione divinae naturae personae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
1888 incarnatae.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="46919"><span class="ref">[46919] IIIª q. 3 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1889 dicendum quod assumptio quae fit per gratiam adoptionis, terminatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1890 ad quandam participationem divinae naturae secundum assimilationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1891 ad bonitatem illius, secundum illud II Pet. I, <i>ut divinae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1892 consortes naturae</i>, et cetera. Et ideo huiusmodi assumptio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1893 communis est tribus personis et ex parte principii et ex parte
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1894 termini. Sed assumptio quae est per gratiam unionis, est communis
53
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diff changeset
1895 ex parte principii, non autem ex parte termini, ut dictum est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="46920"><span class="ref">[46920] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1896 proceditur. Videtur quod nulla alia persona divina potuit humanam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1897 naturam assumere, praeter personam filii. Per huiusmodi enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1898 assumptionem factum est quod Deus sit filius hominis. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1899 inconveniens esset quod esse filium conveniret patri vel spiritui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1900 sancto, hoc enim vergeret in confusionem divinarum personarum. Ergo
53
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diff changeset
1901 pater et spiritus sanctus carnem assumere non possent.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="46921"><span class="ref">[46921] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, per
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1902 incarnationem divinam homines sunt assecuti adoptionem filiorum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1903 secundum illud Rom. VIII, <i>non accepistis spiritum servitutis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1904 iterum in timore, sed spiritum adoptionis filiorum</i>. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1905 filiatio adoptiva est participata similitudo filiationis naturalis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1906 quae non convenit nec patri nec spiritui sancto, unde dicitur Rom.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1907 VIII, <i>quos praescivit et praedestinavit conformes fieri imaginis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1908 filii sui</i>. Ergo videtur quod nulla alia persona potuit
53
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diff changeset
1909 incarnari praeter personam filii.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="46922"><span class="ref">[46922] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1910 filius dicitur missus, et genitus nativitate temporali, secundum
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diff changeset
1911 quod incarnatus est. Sed patri non convenit mitti, qui est
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diff changeset
1912 innascibilis, ut in prima parte habitum est. Ergo saltem persona
53
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diff changeset
1913 patris non potuit incarnari.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 s. c."><a name="46923"><span class="ref">[46923] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
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diff changeset
1914 quidquid potest filius, potest pater, alioquin, non esset eadem
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diff changeset
1915 potentia trium. Sed filius potuit incarnari. Ergo similiter pater
53
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diff changeset
1916 et spiritus sanctus.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 co."><a name="46924"><span class="ref">[46924] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1917 quod, sicut dictum est, assumptio duo importat, scilicet ipsum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1918 actum assumentis, et terminum assumptionis. Principium autem actus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1919 est virtus divina, terminus autem est persona. Virtus autem divina
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1920 communiter et indifferenter se habet ad omnes personas. Eadem etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1921 est communis ratio personalitatis in tribus personis, licet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1922 proprietates personales sint differentes. Quandocumque autem virtus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1923 aliqua indifferenter se habet ad plura, potest ad quodlibet eorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1924 suam actionem terminare, sicut patet in potentiis rationalibus,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1925 quae se habent ad opposita, quorum utrumque agere possunt. Sic ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1926 divina virtus potuit naturam humanam unire vel personae patris vel
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1927 spiritus sancti, sicut univit eam personae filii. Et ideo dicendum
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diff changeset
1928 est quod pater vel spiritus sanctus potuit carnem assumere, sicut
53
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diff changeset
1929 et filius.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="46925"><span class="ref">[46925] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
1930 dicendum quod filiatio temporalis, qua Christus dicitur filius
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diff changeset
1931 hominis, non constituit personam ipsius, sicut filiatio aeterna,
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diff changeset
1932 sed est quiddam consequens nativitatem temporalem. Unde, si per
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diff changeset
1933 hunc modum nomen filiationis ad patrem vel spiritum sanctum
53
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diff changeset
1934 transferretur, nulla sequeretur confusio divinarum personarum.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="46926"><span class="ref">[46926] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
1935 dicendum quod filiatio adoptiva est quaedam participata similitudo
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diff changeset
1936 filiationis naturalis; sed fit in nobis appropriate a patre, qui
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diff changeset
1937 est principium naturalis filiationis; et per donum spiritus sancti,
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diff changeset
1938 qui est amor patris et filii; secundum illud Galat. IV, <i>misit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1939 Deus spiritum filii sui in corda nostra, clamantem, abba,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1940 pater</i>. Et ideo sicut, filio incarnato, adoptivam filiationem
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diff changeset
1941 accipimus ad similitudinem naturalis filiationis eius; ita, patre
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1942 incarnato, adoptivam filiationem reciperemus ab eo tanquam a
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diff changeset
1943 principio naturalis filiationis; et a spiritu sancto, tanquam a
53
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diff changeset
1944 nexu communi patris et filii.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="46927"><span class="ref">[46927] IIIª q. 3 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
1945 dicendum quod patri convenit esse innascibilem secundum nativitatem
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diff changeset
1946 aeternam, quod non excluderet nativitas temporalis. Mitti autem
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diff changeset
1947 dicitur filius secundum incarnationem, eo quod est ab illo, sine
53
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diff changeset
1948 quo incarnatio non sufficeret ad rationem missionis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="46928"><span class="ref">[46928] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
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diff changeset
1949 proceditur. Videtur quod duae personae divinae non possunt assumere
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diff changeset
1950 unam et eandem numero naturam. Hoc enim supposito aut essent unus
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diff changeset
1951 homo, vel plures. Sed non plures, sicut enim una natura divina in
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diff changeset
1952 pluribus personis non patitur esse plures deos, ita una humana
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1953 natura in pluribus personis non patitur esse plures homines.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1954 Similiter etiam non possent esse unus homo, quia unus homo est iste
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diff changeset
1955 homo, qui demonstrat unam personam; et sic tolleretur distinctio
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diff changeset
1956 trium personarum divinarum, quod est inconveniens. Non ergo duae
53
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diff changeset
1957 aut tres personae possunt accipere unam naturam humanam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="46929"><span class="ref">[46929] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1958 assumptio terminatur ad unitatem personae, ut dictum est. Sed non
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diff changeset
1959 est una persona patris et filii et spiritus sancti. Ergo non
53
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diff changeset
1960 possunt tres personae assumere unam naturam humanam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="46930"><span class="ref">[46930] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
1961 Damascenus dicit, in III libro, et Augustinus, in I de Trin., quod
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diff changeset
1962 ex incarnatione filii Dei consequitur quod quidquid dicitur de
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diff changeset
1963 filio Dei, dicitur de filio hominis, et e converso. Si ergo tres
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diff changeset
1964 personae assumerent unam naturam humanam, sequitur quod quidquid
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diff changeset
1965 dicitur de qualibet trium personarum, diceretur de illo homine, et
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diff changeset
1966 e converso ea quae dicerentur de illo homine, possent dici de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1967 qualibet trium personarum. Sic ergo id quod est proprium patris,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1968 scilicet generare filium ab aeterno, diceretur de illo homine, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1969 per consequens diceretur de filio Dei, quod est inconveniens. Non
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diff changeset
1970 ergo est possibile quod tres personae divinae assumant unam naturam
53
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diff changeset
1971 humanam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 s. c."><a name="46931"><span class="ref">[46931] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
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diff changeset
1972 persona incarnata subsistit in duabus naturis, divina scilicet et
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diff changeset
1973 humana. Sed tres personae possunt subsistere in una natura divina.
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diff changeset
1974 Ergo etiam possunt subsistere in una natura humana, ita scilicet
53
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diff changeset
1975 quod sit una natura humana a tribus personis assumpta.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 co."><a name="46932"><span class="ref">[46932] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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1976 quod, sicut supra dictum est, ex unione animae et corporis in
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diff changeset
1977 Christo non fit neque nova persona neque hypostasis, sed fit una
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1978 natura assumpta in personam vel hypostasim divinam. Quod quidem non
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diff changeset
1979 fit per potentiam naturae humanae, sed per potentiam personae
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diff changeset
1980 divinae. Est autem talis divinarum personarum conditio quod una
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diff changeset
1981 earum non excludit aliam a communione eiusdem naturae, sed solum a
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1982 communione eiusdem personae. Quia igitur in mysterio incarnationis
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diff changeset
1983 <i>tota ratio facti est potentia facientis</i>, ut Augustinus
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diff changeset
1984 dicit, in epistola ad Volusianum; magis est circa hoc iudicandum
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diff changeset
1985 secundum conditionem personae assumentis quam secundum conditionem
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diff changeset
1986 naturae humanae assumptae. Sic igitur non est impossibile divinis
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diff changeset
1987 personis ut duae vel tres assumant unam naturam humanam. Esset
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1988 tamen impossibile ut assumerent unam hypostasim vel unam personam
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diff changeset
1989 humanam, sicut Anselmus dicit, in libro de conceptu virginali, quod
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1990 <i>plures personae non possunt assumere unum eundemque
53
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1991 hominem</i>.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="46933"><span class="ref">[46933] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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1992 dicendum quod, hac positione facta, quod scilicet tres personae
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diff changeset
1993 assumerent unam humanam naturam, verum esset dicere quod tres
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diff changeset
1994 personae essent unus homo, propter unam humanam naturam, sicut nunc
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diff changeset
1995 verum est dicere quod sunt unus Deus, propter unam divinam naturam.
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diff changeset
1996 Nec ly unus importat unitatem personae, sed unitatem in natura
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diff changeset
1997 humana. Non enim posset argui ex hoc quod tres personae sunt unus
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diff changeset
1998 homo, quod essent unus simpliciter, nihil enim prohibet dicere quod
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diff changeset
1999 homines qui sunt plures simpliciter, sint unus quantum ad aliquid,
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diff changeset
2000 puta unus populus; sicut Augustinus dicit, VI de Trin., <i>diversum
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diff changeset
2001 est natura spiritus hominis et spiritus Dei, sed inhaerendo fit
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diff changeset
2002 unus spiritus</i>, secundum illud I Cor. VI, <i>qui adhaeret Deo,
53
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diff changeset
2003 unus spiritus est</i>.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="46934"><span class="ref">[46934] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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2004 dicendum quod, illa positione facta, humana natura esset assumpta
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diff changeset
2005 in unitate non unius personae, sed in unitate singularum
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diff changeset
2006 personarum, ita scilicet quod, sicut divina natura habet naturalem
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diff changeset
2007 unitatem cum singulis personis, ita natura humana haberet unitatem
53
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2008 cum singulis per assumptionem.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="46935"><span class="ref">[46935] IIIª q. 3 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
2009 dicendum quod circa mysterium incarnationis fuit communicatio
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diff changeset
2010 proprietatum pertinentium ad naturam, quia quaecumque conveniunt
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diff changeset
2011 naturae, possunt praedicari de persona subsistente in natura illa,
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diff changeset
2012 cuiuscumque naturae nomine significetur. Praedicta ergo positione
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diff changeset
2013 facta, de persona patris poterunt praedicari et ea quae sunt
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diff changeset
2014 humanae naturae, et ea quae sunt divinae, et similiter de persona
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diff changeset
2015 filii et spiritus sancti. Non autem illud quod conveniret personae
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diff changeset
2016 patris ratione propriae personae, posset attribui personae filii
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diff changeset
2017 aut spiritus sancti, propter distinctionem personarum, quae
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diff changeset
2018 remaneret. Posset ergo dici quod, sicut pater est ingenitus, ita
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diff changeset
2019 homo esset ingenitus, secundum quod ly homo supponeret pro persona
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2020 patris. Si quis autem ulterius procederet, homo est ingenitus,
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2021 filius est homo, ergo filius est ingenitus, esset fallacia figurae
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2022 dictionis vel accidentis. Sicut et nunc dicimus Deum esse
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2023 ingenitum, quia pater est ingenitus, nec tamen possumus concludere
53
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2024 quod filius sit ingenitus, quamvis sit Deus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="46936"><span class="ref">[46936] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum sic
28
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2025 proceditur. Videtur quod una persona divina non possit assumere
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diff changeset
2026 duas naturas humanas. Natura enim assumpta in mysterio
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diff changeset
2027 incarnationis non habet aliud suppositum praeter suppositum
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2028 personae divinae, ut ex supra dictis patet. Si ergo ponatur esse
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diff changeset
2029 una persona divina assumens duas humanas naturas, esset unum
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diff changeset
2030 suppositum duarum naturarum eiusdem speciei. Quod videtur implicare
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diff changeset
2031 contradictionem, non enim natura unius speciei multiplicatur nisi
53
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2032 secundum distinctionem suppositorum.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="46937"><span class="ref">[46937] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, hac
28
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2033 suppositione facta, non posset dici quod persona divina incarnata
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2034 esset unus homo, quia non haberet unam naturam humanam. Similiter
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2035 etiam non posset dici quod essent plures homines, quia plures
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2036 homines sunt supposito distincti, et ibi esset unum tantum
53
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2037 suppositum. Ergo praedicta positio esset omnino impossibilis.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="46938"><span class="ref">[46938] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
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2038 incarnationis mysterio tota divina natura est unita toti naturae
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diff changeset
2039 assumptae, idest cuilibet parti eius, est enim Christus
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diff changeset
2040 <i>perfectus Deus et perfectus homo, totus Deus et totus homo</i>,
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diff changeset
2041 ut Damascenus dicit, in III libro. Sed duae humanae naturae non
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diff changeset
2042 possent totaliter sibi invicem uniri, quia oporteret quod anima
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2043 unius esset unita corpori alterius, et quod etiam duo corpora
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diff changeset
2044 essent simul, quod etiam confusionem induceret naturarum. Non ergo
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diff changeset
2045 est possibile quod persona divina duas humanas naturas
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diff changeset
2046 assumeret.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 s. c."><a name="46939"><span class="ref">[46939] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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2047 quod quidquid potest pater, potest filius. Sed pater post
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diff changeset
2048 incarnationem filii, potest assumere naturam humanam aliam numero
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2049 ab ea quam filius assumpsit, in nullo enim per incarnationem filii
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2050 est diminuta potentia patris vel filii. Ergo videtur quod filius,
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2051 post incarnationem, possit aliam humanam naturam assumere, praeter
53
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2052 eam quam assumpsit.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 co."><a name="46940"><span class="ref">[46940] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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2053 quod id quod potest in unum et non in amplius, habet potentiam
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2054 limitatam ad unum. Potentia autem divinae personae est infinita,
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2055 nec potest limitari ad aliquid creatum. Unde non est dicendum quod
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2056 persona divina ita assumpserit unam naturam humanam quod non
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2057 potuerit assumere aliam. Videretur enim ex hoc sequi quod
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diff changeset
2058 personalitas divinae naturae esset ita comprehensa per unam humanam
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diff changeset
2059 naturam quod ad eius personalitatem alia assumi non possit. Quod
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2060 est impossibile, non enim increatum a creato comprehendi potest.
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2061 Patet ergo quod, sive consideremus personam divinam secundum
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2062 virtutem, quae est principium unionis; sive secundum suam
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2063 personalitatem, quae est terminus unionis, oportet dicere quod
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2064 persona divina, praeter naturam humanam quam assumpsit possit aliam
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2065 numero naturam humanam assumere.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="46941"><span class="ref">[46941] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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2066 dicendum quod natura creata perficitur in sua ratione per formam,
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diff changeset
2067 quae multiplicatur secundum divisionem materiae. Et ideo, si
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diff changeset
2068 compositio formae et materiae constituat novum suppositum,
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diff changeset
2069 consequens est quod natura multiplicetur secundum multiplicationem
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diff changeset
2070 suppositorum. Sed in mysterio incarnationis unio formae et
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2071 materiae, idest animae et corporis, non constituit novum
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2072 suppositum, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo posset esse multitudo
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diff changeset
2073 secundum numerum ex parte naturae, propter divisionem materiae,
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2074 absque distinctione suppositorum.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="46942"><span class="ref">[46942] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
2075 dicendum quod posset videri quod, praedicta positione facta,
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2076 consequeretur quod essent duo homines, propter duas naturas, absque
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2077 hoc quod essent ibi duo supposita, sicut e converso tres personae
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2078 dicerentur unus homo, propter unam naturam humanam assumptam, ut
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diff changeset
2079 supra dictum est. Sed hoc non videtur esse verum. Quia nominibus
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2080 est utendum secundum quod sunt ad significandum imposita. Quod
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diff changeset
2081 quidem est ex consideratione eorum quae apud nos sunt. Et ideo
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2082 oportet, circa modum significandi et consignificandi, considerare
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2083 ea quae apud nos sunt. In quibus nunquam nomen ab aliqua forma
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diff changeset
2084 impositum pluraliter dicitur nisi propter pluralitatem
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diff changeset
2085 suppositorum, homo enim qui est duobus vestimentis indutus, non
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2086 dicitur duo vestiti, sed unus vestitus duobus vestimentis; et qui
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2087 habet duas qualitates, dicitur singulariter aliqualis secundum duas
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diff changeset
2088 qualitates. Natura autem assumpta quantum ad aliquid se habet per
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diff changeset
2089 modum indumenti, licet non sit similitudo quantum ad omnia, ut
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diff changeset
2090 supra dictum est. Et ideo, si persona divina assumeret duas naturas
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diff changeset
2091 humanas, propter unitatem suppositi diceretur unus homo habens duas
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2092 naturas humanas. Contingit autem quod plures homines dicuntur unus
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diff changeset
2093 populus, propter hoc quod conveniunt in aliquo uno, non autem
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diff changeset
2094 propter unitatem suppositi. Et similiter, si duae personae divinae
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2095 assumerent unam numero humanam naturam, dicerentur unus homo, ut
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diff changeset
2096 supra dictum est, non propter unitatem suppositi, sed inquantum
53
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2097 conveniunt in aliquo uno.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="46943"><span class="ref">[46943] IIIª q. 3 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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2098 dicendum quod divina et humana natura non eodem ordine se habent ad
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2099 unam divinam personam, sed per prius comparatur ad ipsam divina
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2100 natura, utpote quae est unum cum ea ab aeterno; sed natura humana
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2101 comparatur ad personam divinam per posterius, utpote assumpta ex
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2102 tempore a divina persona, non quidem ad hoc quod natura sit ipsa
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2103 persona, sed quod persona in natura subsistat filius enim Dei est
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2104 sua deitas, sed non est sua humanitas. Et ideo ad hoc quod natura
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2105 humana assumatur a divina persona, relinquitur quod divina natura
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2106 unione personali uniatur toti naturae assumptae, idest secundum
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2107 omnes partes eius. Sed duarum naturarum assumptarum esset uniformis
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2108 habitudo ad personam divinam, nec una assumeret aliam. Unde non
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2109 oporteret quod una earum totaliter alteri uniretur, idest, omnes
53
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2110 partes unius omnibus partibus alterius.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="46944"><span class="ref">[46944] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
28
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2111 proceditur. Videtur quod non fuerit magis conveniens filium Dei
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2112 incarnari quam patrem vel spiritum sanctum. Per mysterium enim
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2113 incarnationis homines ad veram Dei cognitionem sunt perducti,
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2114 secundum illud Ioan. XVIII, <i>in hoc natus sum, et ad hoc veni in
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diff changeset
2115 mundum, ut testimonium perhiberem veritati</i>. Sed ex hoc quod
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2116 persona filii Dei est incarnata, multi impediti fuerunt a vera Dei
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2117 cognitione, ea quae dicuntur de filio secundum humanam naturam
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2118 referentes ad ipsam filii personam, sicut Arius, qui posuit
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2119 inaequalitatem personarum propter hoc quod dicitur Ioan. XIV,
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2120 <i>pater maior me est</i>, qui quidem error non provenisset si
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2121 persona patris incarnata fuisset; nullus enim existimasset patrem
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2122 filio minorem. Magis ergo videtur conveniens fuisse quod persona
53
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2123 patris incarnaretur quam persona filii.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="46945"><span class="ref">[46945] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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2124 incarnationis effectus videtur esse recreatio quaedam humanae
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2125 naturae, secundum illud Galat. ult., <i>in Christo Iesu neque
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2126 circumcisio aliquid valet neque praeputium, sed nova creatura</i>.
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2127 Sed potentia creandi appropriatur patri. Ergo magis decuisset
53
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2128 patrem incarnari quam filium.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="46946"><span class="ref">[46946] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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2129 incarnatio ordinatur ad remissionem peccatorum, secundum illud
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2130 Matth. I, <i>vocabis nomen eius Iesum, ipse enim salvum faciet
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2131 populum suum a peccatis eorum</i>. Remissio autem peccatorum
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diff changeset
2132 attribuitur spiritui sancto, secundum illud Ioan. XX, <i>accipite
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diff changeset
2133 spiritum sanctum, quorum remiseritis peccata, remittentur eis</i>.
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diff changeset
2134 Ergo magis congruebat personam spiritus sancti incarnari quam
53
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diff changeset
2135 personam filii.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 s. c."><a name="46947"><span class="ref">[46947] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2136 quod Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>in mysterio incarnationis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2137 manifestata est sapientia et virtus Dei, sapientia quidem, quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2138 invenit difficillimi solutionem pretii valde decentissimam; virtus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2139 autem, quia victum fecit rursus victorem</i>. Sed virtus et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2140 sapientia appropriantur filio, secundum illud I Cor. I, <i>Christum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2141 Dei virtutem et Dei sapientiam</i>. Ergo conveniens fuit personam
53
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diff changeset
2142 filii incarnari.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 co."><a name="46948"><span class="ref">[46948] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2143 quod convenientissimum fuit personam filii incarnari. Primo quidem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2144 ex parte unionis. Convenienter enim ea quae sunt similia, uniuntur.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2145 Ipsius autem personae filii, qui est verbum Dei, attenditur, uno
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2146 quidem modo, communis convenientia ad totam creaturam. Quia verbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2147 artificis, idest conceptus eius, est similitudo exemplaris eorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2148 quae ab artifice fiunt. Unde verbum Dei, quod est aeternus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2149 conceptus eius, est similitudo exemplaris totius creaturae. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2150 ideo, sicut per participationem huius similitudinis creaturae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2151 in propriis speciebus institutae, sed mobiliter; ita per unionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2152 verbi ad creaturam non participativam sed personalem, conveniens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2153 fuit reparari creaturam in ordine ad aeternam et immobilem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2154 perfectionem, nam et artifex per formam artis conceptam qua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2155 artificiatum condidit, ipsum, si collapsum fuerit, restaurat. Alio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2156 modo, habet convenientiam specialiter cum humana natura, ex eo quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2157 verbum est conceptus aeternae sapientiae a qua omnis sapientia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2158 hominum derivatur. Et ideo homo per hoc in sapientia proficit, quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2159 est propria eius perfectio prout est rationalis, quod participat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2160 verbum Dei, sicut discipulus instruitur per hoc quod recipit verbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2161 magistri. Unde et Eccli. I dicitur, <i>fons sapientiae verbum Dei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2162 in excelsis</i>. Et ideo, ad consummatam hominis perfectionem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2163 conveniens fuit ut ipsum verbum Dei humanae naturae personaliter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2164 uniretur. Secundo potest accipi ratio huius congruentiae ex fine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2165 unionis, qui est impletio praedestinationis, eorum scilicet qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2166 praeordinati sunt ad hereditatem caelestem, quae non debetur nisi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2167 filiis, secundum illud Rom. VIII, <i>filii et heredes</i>. Et ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2168 congruum fuit ut per eum qui est filius naturalis, homines
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2169 participarent similitudinem huius filiationis secundum adoptionem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2170 sicut apostolus ibidem dicit, <i>quos praescivit et praedestinavit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2171 conformes fieri imagini filii eius</i>. Tertio potest accipi ratio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2172 huius congruentiae ex peccato primi parentis, cui per incarnationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2173 remedium adhibetur. Peccavit enim primus homo appetendo scientiam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2174 ut patet ex verbis serpentis promittentis homini scientiam boni et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2175 mali. Unde conveniens fuit ut per verbum verae sapientiae homo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2176 reduceretur in Deum, qui per inordinatum appetitum scientiae
53
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diff changeset
2177 recesserat a Deo.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="46949"><span class="ref">[46949] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2178 dicendum quod nihil est quo humana malitia non posset abuti, quando
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diff changeset
2179 etiam ipsa Dei bonitate abutitur, secundum illud Rom. II, <i>an
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2180 divitias bonitatis eius contemnis?</i> Unde et, si persona patris
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2181 fuisset incarnata, potuisset ex hoc homo alicuius erroris
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2182 occasionem assumere, quasi filius sufficere non potuisset ad
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2183 humanam naturam reparandam.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="46950"><span class="ref">[46950] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2184 dicendum quod prima rerum creatio facta est a potentia Dei patris
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2185 per verbum. Unde et recreatio per verbum fieri debuit a potentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2186 Dei patris, ut recreatio creationi responderet, secundum illud II
53
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diff changeset
2187 Cor. V, <i>Deus erat in Christo mundum reconcilians sibi</i>.</p><p title="III q. 3 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="46951"><span class="ref">[46951] IIIª q. 3 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2188 dicendum quod spiritus sancti proprium est quod sit donum patris et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2189 filii. Remissio autem peccatorum fit per spiritum sanctum tanquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2190 per donum Dei. Et ideo convenientius fuit ad iustificationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2191 hominum quod incarnaretur filius, cuius spiritus sanctus est
53
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diff changeset
2192 donum.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q4"><h2>Quaestio 4</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 4 pr."><a name="46952"><span class="ref">[46952]
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diff changeset
2193 IIIª q. 4 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de unione ex
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2194 parte assumpti. Circa quod primo considerandum occurrit de his quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2195 sunt a verbo Dei assumpta; secundo, de coassumptis, quae sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2196 perfectiones et defectus. Assumpsit autem filius Dei humanam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2197 naturam, et partes eius. Unde circa primum triplex consideratio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2198 occurrit, prima est, quantum ad ipsam naturam humanam; secunda est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2199 quantum ad partes ipsius; tertia, quantum ad ordinem assumptionis.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2200 Circa primum quaeruntur sex. Primo, utrum humana natura fuerit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2201 magis assumptibilis a filio Dei quam aliqua alia natura. Secundo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2202 utrum assumpserit personam. Tertio, utrum assumpserit hominem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2203 Quarto, utrum fuisset conveniens quod assumpsisset humanam naturam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2204 a singularibus separatam. Quinto, utrum fuerit conveniens quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2205 assumpsisset humanam naturam in omnibus singularibus. Sexto, utrum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2206 fuerit conveniens quod assumeret humanam naturam in aliquo homine
53
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diff changeset
2207 ex stirpe Adae progenito.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="46953"><span class="ref">[46953] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2208 proceditur. Videtur quod humana natura non fuerit magis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2209 assumptibilis a filio Dei quam quaelibet alia natura. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2210 Augustinus, in epistola ad Volusianum, <i>in rebus mirabiliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2211 factis tota ratio facti est potentia facientis</i>. Sed potentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2212 Dei facientis incarnationem, quae est opus maxime mirabile, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2213 limitatur ad unam naturam, cum potentia Dei sit infinita. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2214 natura humana non est magis assumptibilis a Deo quam aliqua alia
53
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diff changeset
2215 creatura.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="46954"><span class="ref">[46954] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2216 similitudo est ratio faciens ad congruitatem incarnationis divinae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2217 personae, ut supra dictum est. Sed sicut in natura rationali
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2218 invenitur similitudo imaginis, ita in natura irrationali invenitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2219 similitudo vestigii. Ergo creatura irrationalis assumptibilis fuit,
53
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diff changeset
2220 sicut humana natura.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="46955"><span class="ref">[46955] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2221 natura angelica invenitur expressior Dei similitudo quam in natura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2222 humana, sicut Gregorius dicit, in homilia de centum ovibus,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2223 introducens illud Ezech. XXVIII, <i>tu signaculum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2224 similitudinis</i>. Invenitur etiam in Angelo peccatum, sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2225 homine, secundum illud Iob IV, <i>in Angelis suis reperit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2226 pravitatem</i>. Ergo natura angelica fuit ita assumptibilis sicut
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2227 natura hominis.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 arg. 4"><a name="46956"><span class="ref">[46956] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea, cum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2228 Deo competat summa perfectio, tanto magis est Deo aliquid simile,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2229 quanto est magis perfectum. Sed totum universum est magis perfectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2230 quam partes eius, inter quas est humana natura. Ergo totum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2231 universum est magis assumptibile quam humana natura.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 s. c."><a name="46957"><span class="ref">[46957] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2232 quod dicitur Prov. VIII, ex ore sapientiae genitae, <i>deliciae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2233 meae esse cum filiis hominum</i>. Et ita videtur esse quaedam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2234 congruentia unionis filii Dei ad humanam naturam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 co."><a name="46958"><span class="ref">[46958] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2235 quod aliquid assumptibile dicitur quasi aptum assumi a divina
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2236 persona. Quae quidem aptitudo non potest intelligi secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2237 potentiam passivam naturalem, quae non se extendit ad id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2238 transcendit ordinem naturalem, quem transcendit unio personalis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2239 creaturae ad Deum. Unde relinquitur quod assumptibile aliquid
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2240 dicatur secundum congruentiam ad unionem praedictam. Quae quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2241 congruentia attenditur secundum duo in humana natura, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2242 secundum eius dignitatem; et necessitatem. Secundum dignitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2243 quidem, quia humana natura, inquantum est rationalis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2244 intellectualis, nata est contingere aliqualiter ipsum verbum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2245 suam operationem, cognoscendo scilicet et amando ipsum. Secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2246 necessitatem autem, quia indigebat reparatione, cum subiaceret
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2247 originali peccato. Haec autem duo soli humanae naturae conveniunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2248 nam creaturae irrationali deest congruitas dignitatis; naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2249 autem angelicae deest congruitas praedictae necessitatis. Unde
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2250 relinquitur quod sola natura humana sit assumptibilis.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="46959"><span class="ref">[46959] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2251 dicendum quod creaturae denominantur aliquales ex eo quod competit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2252 eis secundum proprias causas, non autem ex eo quod convenit eis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2253 secundum primas causas et universales, sicut dicimus aliquem morbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2254 esse incurabilem, non quia non potest curari a Deo, sed quia per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2255 propria principia subiecti curari non potest. Sic ergo dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2256 aliqua creatura non esse assumptibilis, non ad subtrahendum aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2257 divinae potentiae, sed ad ostendendum conditionem creaturae quae ad
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2258 hoc aptitudinem non habet.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="46960"><span class="ref">[46960] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2259 dicendum quod similitudo imaginis attenditur in natura humana
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2260 secundum quod est capax Dei, scilicet ipsum attingendo propria
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2261 operatione cognitionis et amoris. Similitudo autem vestigii
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2262 attenditur solum secundum repraesentationem aliquam ex impressione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2263 divina in creatura existentem, non autem ex eo quod creatura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2264 irrationalis, in qua est sola talis similitudo possit ad Deum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2265 attingere per solam suam operationem. Quod autem deficit a minori,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2266 non habet congruitatem ad id quod est maius, sicut corpus quod non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2267 est aptum perfici anima sensitiva, multo minus est aptum perfici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2268 anima intellectiva. Multo autem est maior et perfectior unio ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2269 Deum secundum esse personale quam quae est secundum operationem. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2270 ideo creatura irrationalis, quae deficit ab unione ad Deum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2271 operationem, non habet congruitatem ut uniatur ei secundum esse
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
2272 personale.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="46961"><span class="ref">[46961] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2273 dicendum quod quidam dicunt Angelum non esse assumptibilem, quia a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2274 principio suae creationis est in sua personalitate perfectus, cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2275 non subiaceat generationi et corruptioni. Unde non potuisset in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2276 unitatem divinae personae assumi nisi eius personalitas
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2277 destrueretur, quod neque convenit incorruptibilitati naturae eius;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2278 neque bonitati assumentis, ad quam non pertinet quod aliquid
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2279 perfectionis in creatura assumpta corrumpat. Sed hoc non videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2280 totaliter excludere congruitatem assumptionis angelicae naturae.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2281 Potest enim Deus producendo novam angelicam naturam, copulare eam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2282 sibi in unitate personae, et sic nihil praeexistens ibi
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2283 corrumperetur. Sed, sicut dictum est, deest congruitas ex parte
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2284 necessitatis, quia, etsi natura angelica in aliquibus peccato
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diff changeset
2285 subiaceat, est tamen eius peccatum irremediabile ut in prima parte
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2286 habitum est.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 1 ad 4"><a name="46962"><span class="ref">[46962] IIIª q. 4 a. 1 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2287 dicendum quod perfectio universi non est perfectio unius personae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2288 vel suppositi, sed eius quod est unum sub positione vel ordine.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2289 Cuius plurimae partes non sunt assumptibiles, ut dictum est. Unde
53
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diff changeset
2290 relinquitur quod solum natura humana sit assumptibilis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="46963"><span class="ref">[46963] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2291 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei assumpserit personam. Dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2292 enim Damascenus, in III libro, quod <i>filius Dei assumpsit humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2293 naturam in atomo</i>, idest, in individuo. Sed individuum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2294 rationalis naturae est persona, ut patet per Boetium, in libro de
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2295 duabus naturis. Ergo filius Dei personam assumpsit.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="46964"><span class="ref">[46964] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2296 Damascenus dicit quod <i>filius Dei assumpsit ea quae in natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2297 nostra plantavit</i>. Plantavit autem ibi personalitatem. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2298 filius Dei assumpsit personam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="46965"><span class="ref">[46965] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2299 nihil consumitur nisi quod est. Sed Innocentius III dicit, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2300 quadam decretali, quod <i>persona Dei consumpsit personam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2301 hominis</i>. Ergo videtur quod persona hominis fuit prius
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2302 assumpta.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 s. c."><a name="46966"><span class="ref">[46966] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2303 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de fide ad Petrum, quod <i>Deus
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2304 naturam hominis assumpsit, non personam</i>.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 co."><a name="46967"><span class="ref">[46967] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2305 quod aliquid dicitur assumi ex eo quod ad aliquid sumitur. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2306 illud quod assumitur oportet praeintelligi assumptioni, sicut id
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2307 quod movetur localiter praeintelligitur ipsi motui. Persona autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2308 non praeintelligitur in humana natura assumptioni, sed magis se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2309 habet ut terminus assumptionis, ut supra dictum est. Si enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2310 praeintelligeretur, vel oporteret quod corrumperetur, et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2311 frustra esset assumpta. Vel quod remaneret post unionem, et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2312 essent duae personae, una assumens et alia assumpta; quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2313 erroneum, ut supra ostensum est. Unde relinquitur quod nullo modo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2314 filius Dei assumpsit humanam personam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="46968"><span class="ref">[46968] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2315 dicendum quod naturam humanam assumpsit filius Dei in atomo, idest,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2316 in individuo <i>quod non est aliud a supposito increato quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2317 persona filii Dei</i>. Unde non sequitur quod persona sit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2318 assumpta.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="46969"><span class="ref">[46969] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2319 dicendum quod naturae assumptae non deest propria personalitas
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2320 propter defectum alicuius quod ad perfectionem humanae naturae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2321 pertineat, sed propter additionem alicuius quod est supra humanam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2322 naturam, quod est unio ad divinam personam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="46970"><span class="ref">[46970] IIIª q. 4 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2323 dicendum quod consumptio ibi non importat destructionem alicuius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2324 quod prius fuerat, sed impeditionem eius quod aliter esse posset.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2325 Si enim humana natura non esset assumpta a divina persona, natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2326 humana propriam personalitatem haberet. Et pro tanto dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2327 persona consumpsisse personam, licet improprie, quia persona divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2328 sua unione impedivit ne humana natura propriam personalitatem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2329 haberet.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="46971"><span class="ref">[46971] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2330 proceditur. Videtur quod persona divina assumpserit hominem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2331 Dicitur enim in Psalmo, <i>beatus quem elegisti et assumpsisti</i>,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2332 quod Glossa exponit de Christo. Et Augustinus dicit, in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2333 agone Christiano, <i>filius Dei hominem assumpsit, et in illo
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2334 humana perpessus est</i>.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="46972"><span class="ref">[46972] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, hoc
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2335 nomen homo significat naturam humanam. Sed filius Dei assumpsit
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2336 humanam naturam. Ergo assumpsit hominem.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="46973"><span class="ref">[46973] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2337 filius Dei est homo. Sed non est homo quem non assumpsit quia sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2338 esset pari ratione Petrus, vel quilibet alius homo. Ergo est homo
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2339 quem assumpsit.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 s. c."><a name="46974"><span class="ref">[46974] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2340 auctoritas Felicis Papae et martyris, quae introducitur in Ephesina
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2341 synodo, <i>credimus in dominum nostrum Iesum Christum, de virgine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2342 Maria natum quia ipse est Dei sempiternus filius et verbum, et non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2343 homo a Deo assumptus, ut alter sit praeter illum. Neque enim
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2344 hominem assumpsit Dei filius ut alter sit praeter ipsum</i>.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 co."><a name="46975"><span class="ref">[46975] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2345 quod, sicut supra dictum est, id quod assumitur non est terminus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2346 assumptionis, sed assumptioni praeintelligitur. Dictum est autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2347 quod individuum in quo assumitur natura humana, non est aliud quam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2348 divina persona, quae est terminus assumptionis. Hoc autem nomen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2349 homo significat humanam naturam prout est nata in supposito esse,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2350 quia, ut dicit Damascenus, sicut hoc nomen Deus significat eum qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2351 habet divinam naturam, ita hoc nomen homo significat eum qui habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2352 humanam naturam. Et ideo non est proprie dictum quod filius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2353 assumpsit hominem, supponendo, sicut rei veritas se habet, quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2354 Christo sit unum suppositum et una hypostasis. Sed secundum illos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2355 qui ponunt in Christo duas hypostases vel duo supposita,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2356 convenienter et proprie dici posset quod filius Dei hominem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2357 assumpsisset. Unde et prima opinio quae ponitur sexta distinctione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2358 tertii libri sententiarum concedit hominem esse assumptum. Sed illa
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2359 opinio erronea est, ut supra ostensum est.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="46976"><span class="ref">[46976] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2360 dicendum quod huiusmodi locutiones non sunt extendendae, tanquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2361 propriae, sed pie sunt exponendae, ubicumque a sacris doctoribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2362 ponuntur; ut dicamus hominem assumptum, quia eius natura est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2363 assumpta; et quia assumptio terminata est ad hoc quod filius Dei
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2364 sit homo.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="46977"><span class="ref">[46977] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2365 dicendum quod hoc nomen homo significat naturam humanam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2366 concreto, prout scilicet est in aliquo supposito. Et ideo, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2367 non possumus dicere quod suppositum sit assumptum, ita non possumus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2368 dicere quod homo sit assumptus.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="46978"><span class="ref">[46978] IIIª q. 4 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2369 dicendum quod filius Dei non est homo quem assumpsit; sed cuius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2370 naturam assumpsit.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="46979"><span class="ref">[46979] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2371 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei debuit assumere naturam humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2372 abstractam ab omnibus individuis. Assumptio enim naturae humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2373 facta est ad communem omnium hominum salutem, unde dicitur I Tim.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2374 IV, de Christo, quod <i>est salvator omnium hominum, maxime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2375 fidelium</i>. Sed natura prout est in individuis, recedit a sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2376 communitate. Ergo filius Dei debuit humanam naturam assumere prout
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2377 est ab omnibus individuis abstracta.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="46980"><span class="ref">[46980] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2378 omnibus quod nobilissimum est Deo est attribuendum. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2379 unoquoque genere id quod est per se potissimum est. Ergo filius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2380 debuit assumere per se hominem. Quod quidem, secundum Platonicos,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2381 est humana natura ab individuis separata. Hanc ergo debuit filius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2382 Dei assumere.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="46981"><span class="ref">[46981] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2383 natura humana non est assumpta a filio Dei prout significatur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2384 concreto per hoc nomen homo, ut dictum est. Sic autem significatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2385 prout est in singularibus, ut ex dictis patet. Ergo filius Dei
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2386 assumpsit humanam naturam prout est ab individuis separata.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 s. c."><a name="46982"><span class="ref">[46982] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2387 quod dicit Damascenus, in III libro, <i>Dei verbum incarnatum neque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2388 eam quae nuda contemplatione consideratur naturam assumpsit. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2389 enim incarnatio hoc, sed deceptio, et fictio incarnationis</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2390 natura humana prout est a singularibus separata vel abstracta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2391 <i>in nuda contemplatione cogitatur, quia secundum seipsam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2392 subsistit</i>, ut idem Damascenus dicit. Ergo filius Dei non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2393 assumpsit humanam naturam secundum quod est a singularibus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2394 separata.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 co."><a name="46983"><span class="ref">[46983] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2395 quod natura hominis, vel cuiuscumque alterius rei sensibilis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2396 praeter esse quod in singularibus habet, dupliciter potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2397 intelligi, uno modo, quasi per seipsam esse habeat praeter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2398 materiam, sicut Platonici posuerunt; alio modo, sicut in intellectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2399 existens, vel humano vel divino. Per se quidem subsistere non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2400 potest, ut philosophus probat, in VII Metaphys., quia ad naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2401 speciei rerum sensibilium pertinet materia sensibilis, quae ponitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2402 in eius definitione; sicut carnes et ossa in definitione hominis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2403 Unde non potest esse quod natura humana sit praeter materiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2404 sensibilem. Si tamen esset hoc modo subsistens natura humana, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2405 fuisset conveniens ut a verbo Dei assumeretur. Primo quidem, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2406 assumptio ista terminatur ad personam. Hoc autem est contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2407 rationem formae communis, ut sic in persona individuetur. Secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2408 quia naturae communi non possunt attribui nisi operationes communes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2409 et universales, secundum quas homo nec meretur nec demeretur, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2410 tamen illa assumptio ad hoc facta sit ut filius Dei in natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2411 assumpta nobis mereretur. Tertio quia natura sic existens non est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2412 sensibilis, sed intelligibilis. Filius autem Dei assumpsit humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2413 naturam ut hominibus in ea visibilis appareret, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2414 Baruch III, <i>post haec in terris visus est, et cum hominibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2415 conversatus est</i>. Similiter etiam non potuit assumi natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2416 humana a filio Dei secundum quod est in intellectu divino. Quia sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2417 nihil aliud esset quam natura divina, et per hunc modum, ab aeterno
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2418 esset in filio Dei humana natura. Similiter non convenit dicere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2419 quod filius Dei assumpserit humanam naturam prout est in intellectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2420 humano. Quia hoc nihil aliud esset quam si intelligeretur assumere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2421 naturam humanam. Et sic, si non assumeret eam in rerum natura,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2422 esset intellectus falsus. Nec aliud esset quam fictio quaedam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2423 incarnationis, ut Damascenus dicit.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="46984"><span class="ref">[46984] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2424 dicendum quod filius Dei incarnatus est communis omnium salvator,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2425 non communitate generis vel speciei, quae attribuitur naturae ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2426 individuis separatae, sed communitate causae, prout filius Dei
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2427 incarnatus est universalis causa salutis humanae.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="46985"><span class="ref">[46985] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2428 dicendum quod per se homo non invenitur in rerum natura ita quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2429 sit praeter singularia, sicut Platonici posuerunt. Quamvis quidam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2430 dicant quod Plato non intellexit hominem separatum esse nisi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2431 intellectu divino. Et sic non oportuit quod assumeretur a verbo,
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2432 cum ab aeterno sibi affuerit.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="46986"><span class="ref">[46986] IIIª q. 4 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2433 dicendum quod natura humana, quamvis non sit assumpta in concreto
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2434 ut suppositum praeintelligatur assumptioni, sic tamen assumpta est
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2435 in individuo, quia assumpta est ut sit in individuo.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="46987"><span class="ref">[46987] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2436 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei humanam naturam assumere debuit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2437 in omnibus individuis. Id enim quod primo et per se assumptum est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2438 est natura humana. Sed quod convenit per se alicui naturae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2439 convenit omnibus in eadem natura existentibus. Ergo conveniens fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2440 ut natura humana assumeretur a Dei verbo in omnibus suppositis.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="46988"><span class="ref">[46988] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2441 incarnatio divina processit ex divina caritate, ideo dicitur Ioan.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2442 III, <i>sic Deus dilexit mundum ut filium suum unigenitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2443 daret</i>. Sed caritas facit ut aliquis se communicet amicis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2444 quantum possibile est. Possibile autem fuit filio Dei ut plures
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2445 naturas hominum assumeret, ut supra dictum est, et, eadem ratione,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2446 omnes. Ergo conveniens fuit ut filius Dei assumeret naturam in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2447 omnibus suis suppositis.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="46989"><span class="ref">[46989] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2448 sapiens operator perficit opus suum breviori via qua potest. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2449 brevior via fuisset si omnes homines assumpti fuissent ad naturalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2450 filiationem, quam quod per unum filium naturalem multi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2451 adoptionem filiorum adducantur, ut dicitur Galat. IV. Ergo natura
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2452 humana debuit a filio Dei assumi in omnibus suppositis.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 s. c."><a name="46990"><span class="ref">[46990] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2453 quod Damascenus dicit, in III libro, quod <i>filius Dei non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2454 assumpsit humanam naturam quae in specie consideratur, neque enim
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2455 omnes hypostases eius assumpsit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 co."><a name="46991"><span class="ref">[46991] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2456 quod non fuit conveniens quod humana natura in omnibus suis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2457 suppositis a verbo assumeretur. Primo quidem, quia tolleretur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2458 multitudo suppositorum humanae naturae, quae est ei connaturalis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2459 Cum enim in natura assumpta non sit considerare aliud suppositum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2460 praeter personam assumentem, ut supra dictum est; si non esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2461 natura humana nisi assumpta, sequeretur quod non esset nisi unum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2462 suppositum humanae naturae, quod est persona assumens. Secundo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2463 quia hoc derogaret dignitati filii Dei incarnati, prout est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2464 <i>primogenitus in multis fratribus</i> secundum humanam naturam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2465 sicut est <i>primogenitus omnis creaturae</i> secundum divinam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2466 Essent enim tunc omnes homines aequalis dignitatis. Tertio, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2467 conveniens fuit quod, sicut unum suppositum divinum est incarnatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2468 ita unam solam naturam humanam assumeret, ut ex utraque parte
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2469 unitas inveniatur.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="46992"><span class="ref">[46992] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2470 dicendum quod assumi convenit secundum se humanae naturae, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2471 scilicet non convenit ei ratione personae, sicut naturae divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2472 convenit assumere ratione personae. Non autem quia convenit ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2473 secundum se sicut pertinens ad principia essentialia eius, vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2474 sicut naturalis eius proprietas, per quem modum conveniret omnibus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2475 eius suppositis.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="46993"><span class="ref">[46993] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2476 dicendum quod dilectio Dei ad homines manifestatur non solum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2477 ipsa assumptione humanae naturae, sed praecipue per ea quae passus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2478 est in natura humana pro aliis hominibus, secundum illud Rom. V,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2479 <i>commendat autem Deus suam caritatem in nobis, quia, cum inimici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2480 essemus, Christus pro nobis mortuus est</i>. Quod locum non haberet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2481 si in omnibus hominibus naturam humanam assumpsisset.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="46994"><span class="ref">[46994] IIIª q. 4 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2482 dicendum quod ad brevitatem viae quam sapiens operator observat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2483 pertinet quod non faciat per multa quod sufficienter potest fieri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2484 per unum. Et ideo convenientissimum fuit quod per unum hominem alii
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2485 omnes salvarentur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="46995"><span class="ref">[46995] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2486 proceditur. Videtur quod non fuerit conveniens ut filius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2487 humanam naturam assumeret ex stirpe Adae. Dicit enim apostolus, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2488 Heb. VII, <i>decebat ut esset nobis pontifex segregatus a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2489 peccatoribus</i>. Sed magis esset a peccatoribus segregatus si non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2490 assumpsisset humanam naturam ex stirpe Adae peccatoris. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2491 videtur quod non debuit de stirpe Adae naturam humanam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2492 assumere.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="46996"><span class="ref">[46996] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2493 quolibet genere nobilius est principium eo quod est ex principio.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2494 Si igitur assumere voluit humanam naturam, magis debuit eam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2495 assumere in ipso Adam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="46997"><span class="ref">[46997] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2496 gentiles fuerunt magis peccatores quam Iudaei, ut dicit Glossa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2497 Galat. II, super illud, <i>nos natura Iudaei, non ex gentibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2498 peccatores</i>. Si ergo ex peccatoribus naturam humanam assumere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2499 voluit, debuit eam magis assumere ex gentilibus quam ex stirpe
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2500 Abrahae, qui fuit iustus.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 s. c."><a name="46998"><span class="ref">[46998] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2501 quod Luc. III generatio domini reducitur usque ad Adam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 co."><a name="46999"><span class="ref">[46999] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2502 quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in XIII de Trin., <i>poterat Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2503 hominem aliunde suscipere, non de genere illius Adae qui suo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2504 peccato obligavit genus humanum. Sed melius iudicavit et de ipso
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2505 quod victum fuerat genere assumere hominem Deus, per quem generis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2506 humani vinceret inimicum</i>. Et hoc propter tria. Primo quidem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2507 quia hoc videtur ad iustitiam pertinere, ut ille satisfaciat qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2508 peccavit. Et ideo de natura per ipsum corrupta debuit assumi id per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2509 quod satisfactio erat implenda pro tota natura. Secundo, hoc etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2510 pertinet ad maiorem hominis dignitatem, dum ex illo genere victor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2511 Diaboli nascitur quod per Diabolum fuerat victum. Tertio, quia per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2512 hoc etiam Dei potentia magis ostenditur, dum de natura corrupta et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2513 infirma assumpsit id quod in tantam virtutem et dignitatem est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2514 promotum.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="47000"><span class="ref">[47000] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2515 dicendum quod Christus debuit esse a peccatoribus segregatus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2516 quantum ad culpam, quam venerat destruere, non quantum ad naturam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2517 quam venerat salvare; secundum quam <i>debuit per omnia fratribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2518 assimilari</i>, ut idem apostolus dicit, Heb. II. Et in hoc etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2519 mirabilior est eius innocentia, quod de massa peccato subiecta
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2520 natura assumpta tantam habuit puritatem.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="47001"><span class="ref">[47001] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2521 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, oportuit eum qui peccata venerat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2522 tollere, esse a peccatoribus segregatum quantum ad culpam, cui Adam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2523 subiacuit, et quem Christus a suo delicto eduxit, ut dicitur Sap.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2524 X. Oportebat autem eum qui mundare omnes venerat, non esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2525 mundandum, sicut et in quolibet genere motus primum movens est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2526 immobile secundum illum motum, sicut primum alterans est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2527 inalterabile. Et ideo non fuit conveniens ut assumeret humanam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2528 naturam in ipso Adam.</p><p title="III q. 4 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="47002"><span class="ref">[47002] IIIª q. 4 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2529 dicendum quod, quia Christus debebat esse maxime a peccatoribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2530 segregatus quantum ad culpam, quasi summam innocentiae obtinens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2531 conveniens fuit ut a primo peccatore usque ad Christum perveniretur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2532 mediantibus quibusdam iustis, in quibus perfulgerent quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2533 insignia futurae sanctitatis. Propter hoc etiam in populo ex quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2534 Christus erat nasciturus instituit Deus quaedam sanctitatis signa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2535 quae incoeperunt in Abraham, qui primus promissionem accepit de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2536 Christo, et circumcisionem in signum foederis consummandi, ut
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2537 dicitur Gen. XVII.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q5"><h2>Quaestio 5</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 5 pr."><a name="47003"><span class="ref">[47003]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2538 IIIª q. 5 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2539 assumptione partium humanae naturae. Et circa hoc quaeruntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2540 quatuor. Primo, utrum filius Dei debuerit assumere verum corpus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2541 Secundo, utrum assumere debuerit corpus terrenum, scilicet carnem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2542 et sanguinem. Tertio, utrum assumpserit animam. Quarto, utrum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2543 assumere debuerit intellectum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47004"><span class="ref">[47004] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2544 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei non assumpserit verum corpus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2545 Dicitur enim Philipp. II quod <i>in similitudinem hominum factus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2546 est</i>. Sed quod est secundum veritatem, non dicitur esse secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2547 similitudinem. Ergo filius Dei non assumpsit verum corpus.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47005"><span class="ref">[47005] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2548 assumptio corporis in nullo derogavit dignitati divinitatis, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2549 enim Leo Papa, in sermone de nativitate, quod <i>nec inferiorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2550 naturam consumpsit glorificatio, nec superiorem minuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2551 assumptio</i>. Sed hoc ad dignitatem Dei pertinet quod sit omnino a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2552 corpore separatus. Ergo videtur quod per assumptionem non fuerit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2553 Deus corpori unitus.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47006"><span class="ref">[47006] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2554 signa debent respondere signatis. Sed apparitiones veteris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2555 testamenti, quae fuerunt signa et figurae apparitionis Christi, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2556 fuerunt secundum corporis veritatem, sed secundum imaginariam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2557 visionem, sicut patet Isaiae VI, <i>vidi dominum sedentem</i>, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2558 cetera. Ergo videtur quod etiam apparitio filii Dei in mundum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2559 fuerit secundum corporis veritatem, sed solum secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2560 imaginationem.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47007"><span class="ref">[47007] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2561 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro octogintatrium quaest., <i>si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2562 phantasma fuit corpus Christi, fefellit Christus. Et si fefellit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2563 veritas non est. Est autem veritas Christus. Ergo non phantasma
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2564 fuit corpus eius</i>. Et sic patet quod verum corpus assumpsit.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 co."><a name="47008"><span class="ref">[47008] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2565 quod, sicut dicitur in libro de ecclesiasticis dogmatibus, <i>natus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2566 est Dei filius non putative, quasi imaginatum corpus habens, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2567 corpus verum</i>. Et huius ratio triplex potest assignari. Quarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2568 prima est ex ratione humanae naturae, ad quam pertinet verum corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2569 habere. Supposito igitur ex praemissis quod conveniens fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2570 filium Dei assumere humanam naturam, consequens est quod verum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2571 corpus assumpserit. Secunda ratio sumi potest ex his quae in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2572 mysterio incarnationis sunt acta. Si enim non fuit verum corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2573 eius sed phantasticum, ergo nec veram mortem sustinuit; nec aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2574 eorum quae de eo Evangelistae narrant, secundum veritatem gessit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2575 sed solum secundum apparentiam quandam. Et sic etiam sequitur quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2576 non fuit vera salus hominis subsecuta, oportet enim effectum causae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2577 proportionari. Tertia ratio potest sumi ex ipsa dignitate personae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2578 assumentis, quae cum sit veritas, non decuit ut in opere eius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2579 aliqua fictio esset. Unde et dominus hunc errorem per seipsum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2580 excludere dignatus est, Luc. ult., cum discipuli, <i>conturbati et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2581 conterriti, putabant se spiritum videre</i>, et non verum corpus,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2582 et ideo se eis palpandum praebuit, dicens, <i>palpate et videte,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2583 quia spiritus carnem et ossa non habet, sicut me videtis
53
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diff changeset
2584 habere</i>.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47009"><span class="ref">[47009] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2585 dicendum quod similitudo illa exprimit veritatem humanae naturae in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2586 Christo, per modum quo omnes qui vere in humana natura existunt,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2587 similes specie esse dicuntur. Non autem intelligitur similitudo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2588 phantastica. Ad cuius evidentiam, apostolus subiungit quod
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diff changeset
2589 <i>factus est obediens usque ad mortem, mortem autem crucis</i>,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2590 quod fieri non potuisset si fuisset sola similitudo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
2591 phantastica.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47010"><span class="ref">[47010] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
2592 dicendum quod per hoc quod filius Dei verum corpus assumpsit, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
2593 nullo est eius dignitas diminuta. Unde Augustinus dicit, in libro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2594 de fide ad Petrum, <i>exinanivit seipsum, formam servi accipiens,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2595 ut fieret servus, sed formae Dei plenitudinem non amisit</i>. Non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2596 enim filius Dei sic assumpsit verum corpus ut forma corporis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2597 fieret, quod repugnat divinae simplicitati et puritati, hoc enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2598 esset assumere corpus in unitate naturae, quod est impossibile, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2599 ex supra dictis patet. Sed, salva distinctione naturae, assumpsit
53
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diff changeset
2600 in unitate personae.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47011"><span class="ref">[47011] IIIª q. 5 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2601 dicendum quod figura respondere debet quantum ad similitudinem, non
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diff changeset
2602 quantum ad rei veritatem, <i>si enim per omnia esset similitudo,
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diff changeset
2603 iam non esset signum, sed ipsa res</i>, ut Damascenus dicit, in III
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2604 libro. Conveniens igitur fuit ut apparitiones veteris testamenti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2605 essent secundum apparentiam tantum, quasi figurae, apparitio autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2606 filii Dei in mundo esset secundum corporis veritatem, quasi res
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2607 figurata sive signata per illas figuras. Unde apostolus, Coloss.
53
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diff changeset
2608 II, <i>quae sunt umbra futurorum, corpus autem Christi</i>.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47012"><span class="ref">[47012] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
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diff changeset
2609 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus non habuerit corpus carnale, sive
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2610 terrestre, sed caeleste. Dicit enim apostolus, I Cor. XV, <i>primus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2611 homo de terra, terrenus, secundus homo de caelo, caelestis</i>. Sed
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diff changeset
2612 primus homo, scilicet Adam, fuit de terra quantum ad corpus, ut
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diff changeset
2613 patet Gen. II. Ergo etiam secundus homo, scilicet Christus, fuit de
53
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diff changeset
2614 caelo quantum ad corpus.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47013"><span class="ref">[47013] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, I
28
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diff changeset
2615 Cor. XV dicitur, <i>caro et sanguis regnum Dei non possidebunt</i>.
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diff changeset
2616 Sed regnum Dei principaliter est in Christo. Ergo in ipso non est
53
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diff changeset
2617 caro et sanguis, sed magis corpus caeleste.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47014"><span class="ref">[47014] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, omne
28
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diff changeset
2618 quod est optimum est Deo attribuendum. Sed inter omnia corpora
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diff changeset
2619 corpus nobilissimum est caeleste. Ergo tale corpus debuit Christus
53
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diff changeset
2620 assumere.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47015"><span class="ref">[47015] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2621 quod dominus dicit Luc. ult., <i>spiritus carnem et ossa non habet,
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diff changeset
2622 sicut me videtis habere</i>. Caro autem et ossa non sunt ex materia
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diff changeset
2623 caelestis corporis, sed ex inferioribus elementis. Ergo corpus
53
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diff changeset
2624 Christi non fuit corpus caeleste, sed carneum et terrenum.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 co."><a name="47016"><span class="ref">[47016] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2625 quod eisdem rationibus apparet quare corpus Christi non debuit esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2626 caeleste, quibus ostensum est quod non debuit esse phantasticum.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2627 Primo enim, sicut non salvaretur veritas humanae naturae in Christo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2628 si corpus eius esset phantasticum, ut posuit Manichaeus; ita etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2629 non salvaretur si poneretur caeleste, sicut posuit Valentinus. Cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2630 enim forma hominis sit quaedam res naturalis, requirit determinatam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2631 materiam, scilicet carnes et ossa, quae in hominis definitione poni
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2632 oportet, ut patet per philosophum, in VII Metaphys. Secundo, quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2633 hoc etiam derogaret veritati eorum quae Christus in corpore gessit.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2634 Cum enim corpus caeleste sit impassibile et incorruptibile, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2635 probatur in I de caelo, si filius Dei corpus caeleste assumpsisset,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2636 non vere esuriisset nec sitiisset, nec etiam passionem et mortem
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diff changeset
2637 sustinuisset. Tertio, etiam hoc derogat veritati divinae. Cum enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2638 filius Dei se ostenderet hominibus quasi corpus carneum et terrenum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2639 habens, fuisset falsa demonstratio si corpus caeleste habuisset. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2640 ideo in libro de ecclesiasticis dogmatibus dicitur, <i>natus est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2641 filius Dei carnem ex virginis corpore trahens, et non de caelo
53
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diff changeset
2642 secum afferens</i>.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47017"><span class="ref">[47017] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2643 dicendum quod Christus dicitur dupliciter de caelo descendisse. Uno
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diff changeset
2644 modo, ratione divinae naturae, non ita quod divina natura esse in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2645 caelo defecerit; sed quia in infimis novo modo esse coepit,
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diff changeset
2646 scilicet secundum naturam assumptam; secundum illud Ioan. III,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2647 <i>nemo ascendit in caelum nisi qui descendit de caelo, filius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2648 hominis, qui est in caelo</i>. Alio modo, ratione corporis, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2649 quia ipsum corpus Christi secundum suam substantiam de caelo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2650 descenderit; sed quia virtute caelesti, idest spiritus sancti, est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2651 eius corpus formatum. Unde Augustinus dicit, ad Orosium, exponens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2652 auctoritatem inductam, <i>caelestem dico Christum, quia non ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2653 humano conceptus est semine</i>. Et hoc etiam modo Hilarius
53
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diff changeset
2654 exponit, in libro de Trinitate.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47018"><span class="ref">[47018] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2655 dicendum quod caro et sanguis non accipiuntur ibi pro substantia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2656 carnis et sanguinis, sed pro corruptione carnis et sanguinis. Quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2657 quidem in Christo non fuit quantum ad culpam. Fuit tamen ad tempus
53
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diff changeset
2658 quantum ad poenam, ut opus nostrae redemptionis expleret.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47019"><span class="ref">[47019] IIIª q. 5 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
2659 dicendum quod hoc ipsum ad maximam Dei gloriam pertinet quod corpus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2660 infirmum et terrenum ad tantam sublimitatem provehit. Unde in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2661 synodo Ephesina legitur verbum sancti Theophili dicentis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2662 <i>qualiter artificum optimi non pretiosis tantum materiebus artem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2663 ostendentes in admiratione sunt, sed, vilissimum lutum et terram
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2664 dissolutam plerumque assumentes, suae disciplinae demonstrantes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2665 virtutem, multo magis laudantur; ita omnium optimus artifex, Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2666 verbum, non aliquam pretiosam materiam corporis caelestis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2667 apprehendens ad nos venit, sed in luto magnitudinem suae artis
53
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diff changeset
2668 ostendit</i>.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47020"><span class="ref">[47020] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2669 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei animam non assumpserit. Ioannes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2670 enim, incarnationis mysterium tradens, dixit, <i>verbum caro factum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2671 est</i>, nulla facta de anima mentione. Non autem dicitur caro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2672 factum eo quod sit in carnem conversum, sed quia carnem assumpsit.
53
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diff changeset
2673 Non ergo videtur assumpsisse animam.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47021"><span class="ref">[47021] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2674 anima necessaria est corpori ad hoc quod per eam vivificetur. Sed
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diff changeset
2675 ad hoc non fuit necessaria corpori Christi, ut videtur, quia ipsum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2676 Dei verbum est, de quo in Psalmo, <i>domine, apud te est fons
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2677 vitae</i>. Superfluum igitur fuisset animam adesse, verbo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2678 praesente. Deus autem et natura nihil frustra faciunt, ut etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2679 philosophus dicit, in I de caelo. Ergo videtur quod filius Dei
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2680 animam non assumpsit.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47022"><span class="ref">[47022] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, ex
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2681 unione animae ad corpus constituitur natura communis, quae est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2682 species humana. <i>In domino autem Iesu Christo non est communem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2683 speciem accipere</i>, ut Damascenus dicit, in III libro. Non igitur
53
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diff changeset
2684 assumpsit animam.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47023"><span class="ref">[47023] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2685 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de agone Christiano <i>non eos
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2686 audiamus qui solum corpus humanum dicunt esse susceptum a verbo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2687 Dei; et sic audiunt quod dictum est, verbum caro factum est, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2688 negent illum hominem vel animam, vel aliquid hominis habuisse nisi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2689 carnem solam</i>.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 co."><a name="47024"><span class="ref">[47024] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2690 quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de haeresibus, opinio primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2691 fuit Arii, et postea Apollinaris, quod filius Dei solam carnem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2692 assumpserit, absque anima, ponentes quod verbum fuerit carni loco
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2693 animae. Ex quo sequebatur quod in Christo non fuerunt duae naturae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2694 sed una tantum, ex anima enim et carne una natura humana
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2695 constituitur. Sed haec positio stare non potest, propter tria.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2696 Primo quidem, quia repugnat auctoritati Scripturae, in qua dominus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2697 de sua anima facit mentionem, Matth. XXVI, <i>tristis est anima mea
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2698 usque ad mortem</i>; et Ioan. X, <i>potestatem habeo ponendi animam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2699 meam</i>. Sed ad hoc respondebat Apollinaris quod in his verbis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2700 anima metaphorice sumitur, per quem modum in veteri testamento Dei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2701 anima commemoratur, Isaiae I, <i>Calendas vestras et solemnitates
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2702 odivit anima mea</i>. Sed, sicut dicit Augustinus, in libro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2703 octogintatrium quaest., Evangelistae in evangelica narratione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2704 narrant quod miratus est Iesus, et iratus, et contristatus, et quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2705 esuriit. Quae quidem ita demonstrant eum veram animam habuisse,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2706 sicut ex hoc quod comedit et dormivit et fatigatus est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2707 demonstratur habuisse verum corpus humanum. Alioquin, si et haec ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2708 metaphoram referantur, cum similia legantur in veteri testamento de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2709 Deo, peribit fides evangelicae narrationis. Aliud est enim quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2710 prophetice nuntiatur in figuris, aliud quod secundum rerum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2711 proprietatem ab Evangelistis historice scribitur. Secundo, derogat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2712 praedictus error utilitati incarnationis, quae est liberatio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2713 hominis. Ut enim argumentatur Augustinus, in libro contra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2714 Felicianum, <i>si, accepta carne, filius Dei animam omisit, aut,
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diff changeset
2715 innoxiam sciens, medicinae indigentem non credidit; aut, a se
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diff changeset
2716 alienam putans, redemptionis beneficio non donavit; aut, ex toto
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diff changeset
2717 insanabilem iudicans, curare nequivit; aut ut vilem, et quae nullis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2718 usibus apta videretur, abiecit. Horum duo blasphemiam important in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2719 Deum. Quomodo enim dicetur omnipotens, si curare non potuit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2720 desperatam? Aut quomodo omnium Deus, si non ipse fecit animam
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diff changeset
2721 nostram? Duobus vero aliis, in uno animae causa nescitur, in altero
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2722 meritum non tenetur. Aut intelligere causam putandus est animae qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2723 eam, ad accipiendum legem habitu insitae rationis instructam, a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2724 peccato voluntariae transgressionis nititur separare? Aut quomodo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2725 eius generositatem novit qui ignobilitatis vitio dicit despectam?
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2726 Si originem attendas, pretiosior est animae substantia, si
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2727 transgressionis culpam, propter intelligentiam peior est causa. Ego
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2728 autem Christum et perfectam sapientiam scio, et piissimam esse non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2729 dubito, quorum primo, meliorem et prudentiae capacem non despexit;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2730 secundo, eam quae magis fuerat vulnerata, suscepit</i>. Tertio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2731 vero, haec positio est contra ipsam incarnationis veritatem. Caro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2732 enim et ceterae partes hominis per animam speciem sortiuntur. Unde,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2733 recedente anima, non est os aut caro nisi aequivoce, ut patet per
53
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diff changeset
2734 philosophum, II de anima et VII Metaphys.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47025"><span class="ref">[47025] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2735 dicendum quod cum dicitur, verbum caro factum est, caro ponitur pro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2736 toto homine, ac si diceret, verbum homo factum est, sicut Isaiae XL
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2737 dicitur, <i>videbit omnis caro salutare Dei nostri</i>. Ideo autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2738 totus homo per carnem significatur, quia, ut dicitur in auctoritate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2739 inducta, quia per carnem filius Dei visibilis apparuit, unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2740 subditur <i>et vidimus gloriam eius</i>. Vel ideo quia, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2741 Augustinus dicit, in libro octogintatrium quaest. <i>in tota illa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2742 unitate susceptionis principale verbum est, extrema autem atque
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2743 ultima caro. Volens itaque Evangelista commendare pro nobis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2744 dilectionem humilitatis Dei, verbum et carnem nominavit, omittens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2745 animam, quae est verbo inferior, carne praestantior</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2746 Rationabile etiam fuit ut nominaret carnem, quae, propter hoc quod
53
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diff changeset
2747 magis distat a verbo, minus assumptibilis videbatur.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47026"><span class="ref">[47026] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2748 dicendum quod verbum est fons vitae sicut prima causa vitae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2749 effectiva. Sed anima est principium vitae corpori tanquam forma
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2750 ipsius. Forma autem est effectus agentis. Unde ex praesentia verbi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2751 magis concludi posset quod corpus esset animatum, sicut ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2752 praesentia ignis concludi potest quod corpus cui ignis adhaeret,
53
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diff changeset
2753 sit calidum.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47027"><span class="ref">[47027] IIIª q. 5 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2754 dicendum quod non est inconveniens, immo necessarium dicere quod in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2755 Christo fuit natura quae constituitur per animam corpori
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2756 advenientem. Damascenus autem negat in domino Iesu Christo esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2757 communem speciem quasi aliquid tertium resultans ex unione
53
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diff changeset
2758 divinitatis et humanitatis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47028"><span class="ref">[47028] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2759 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei non assumpsit mentem humanam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2760 sive intellectum. Ubi enim est praesentia rei, non requiritur eius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2761 imago. Sed homo secundum mentem est ad imaginem Dei, ut dicit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2762 Augustinus, in libro de Trinit. Cum ergo in Christo fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2763 praesentia ipsius divini verbi, non oportuit ibi esse mentem
53
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diff changeset
2764 humanam.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47029"><span class="ref">[47029] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2765 maior lux offuscat minorem. Sed verbum Dei, quod est <i>lux
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2766 illuminans omnem hominem venientem in hunc mundum</i>, ut dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2767 Ioan. I, comparatur ad mentem sicut lux maior ad minorem, quia et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2768 ipsa mens quaedam lux est, quasi lucerna illuminata a prima luce,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2769 Proverb. X, <i>lucerna domini spiraculum hominis</i>. Ergo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2770 Christo, qui est verbum Dei, non fuit necessarium esse mentem
53
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diff changeset
2771 humanam.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47030"><span class="ref">[47030] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2772 assumptio humanae naturae a Dei verbo dicitur eius incarnatio. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2773 intellectus, sive mens humana, neque est caro neque est actus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2774 carnis, quia nullius corporis actus est, ut probatur in III de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2775 anima. Ergo videtur quod filius Dei humanam mentem non
53
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diff changeset
2776 assumpserit.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47031"><span class="ref">[47031] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2777 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de fide ad Petrum, <i>firmissime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2778 tene, et nullatenus dubites, Christum, filium Dei, habentem nostri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2779 generis carnem et animam rationalem. Qui de carne sua dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2780 palpate et videte, quia spiritus carnem et ossa non habet, sicut me
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2781 videtis habere</i>, Luc. ult. <i>Animam quoque se ostendit habere,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2782 dicens, ego pono animam meam, et iterum sumo eam</i>, Ioan. X.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2783 <i>Intellectum quoque se ostendit habere, dicens, discite a me,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2784 quia mitis sum et humilis corde</i>, Matth. XI. <i>Et de ipso per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2785 prophetam dominus dicit, ecce intelliget puer meus</i>, Isaiae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2786 LII.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 co."><a name="47032"><span class="ref">[47032] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2787 quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de haeresibus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2788 <i>Apollinaristae de anima Christi a Catholica Ecclesia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2789 dissenserunt, dicentes, sicut Ariani, Christum carnem solam sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2790 anima suscepisse. In qua quaestione testimoniis evangelicis victi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2791 mentem defuisse animae Christi dixerunt, sed pro hac ipsum verbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2792 in ea fuisse</i>. Sed haec positio eisdem rationibus convincitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2793 sicut et praedicta. Primo enim, hoc adversatur narrationi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2794 evangelicae, quae commemorat eum fuisse miratum, ut patet Matth.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2795 VIII. Admiratio autem absque ratione esse non potest, quia importat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2796 collationem effectus ad causam; dum scilicet aliquis videt effectum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2797 cuius causam ignorat, et quaerit, ut dicitur in principio Metaphys.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2798 Secundo, repugnat utilitati incarnationis, quae est iustificatio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2799 hominis a peccato. Anima enim humana non est capax peccati, nec
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2800 gratiae iustificantis, nisi per mentem. Unde praecipue oportuit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2801 mentem humanam assumi. Unde Damascenus dicit, in III libro, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2802 <i>Dei verbum assumpsit corpus et animam intellectualem et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2803 rationalem</i>, et postea subdit, <i>totus toti unitus est, ut toti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2804 mihi salutem gratificet</i> idest, gratis faciat, <i>quod enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2805 inassumptibile est, incurabile est</i>. Tertio, hoc repugnat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2806 veritati incarnationis. Cum enim corpus proportionetur animae sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2807 materia propriae formae, non est vera caro humana quae non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2808 perfecta anima humana, scilicet rationali et ideo, si Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2809 animam sine mente habuisset, non habuisset veram carnem humanam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2810 sed carnem bestialem, quia per solam mentem anima nostra differt ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2811 anima bestiali. Unde dicit Augustinus, in libro octogintatrium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2812 quaest., quod secundum hunc errorem sequeretur quod filius Dei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2813 beluam quandam cum figura humani corporis suscepisset. Quod iterum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2814 repugnat veritati divinae, quae nullam patitur fictionis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2815 falsitatem.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47033"><span class="ref">[47033] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2816 dicendum quod, ubi est ipsa res per sui praesentiam non requiritur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2817 eius imago ad hoc quod suppleat locum rei, sicut, ubi erat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2818 imperator, milites non venerabantur eius imaginem. Sed tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2819 requiritur cum praesentia rei imago ipsius ut perficiatur ex ipsa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2820 rei praesentia, sicut imago in cera perficitur per impressionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2821 sigilli, et imago hominis resultat in speculo per eius praesentiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2822 Unde, ad perficiendam humanam mentem, necessarium fuit quod eam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2823 sibi verbum Dei univit.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47034"><span class="ref">[47034] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2824 dicendum quod lux maior evacuat lucem minorem alterius corporis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2825 illuminantis, non tamen evacuat, sed perficit lucem corporis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2826 illuminati. Ad praesentiam enim solis stellarum lux obscuratur, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2827 aeris lumen perficitur. Intellectus autem seu mens hominis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2828 quasi lux illuminata a luce divini verbi. Et ideo per lucem divini
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2829 verbi non evacuatur mens hominis, sed magis perficitur.</p><p title="III q. 5 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47035"><span class="ref">[47035] IIIª q. 5 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2830 dicendum quod, licet potentia intellectiva non sit alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2831 corporis actus, ipsa tamen essentia animae humanae, quae est forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2832 corporis, requiritur quod sit nobilior, ad hoc quod habeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2833 potentiam intelligendi. Et ideo necesse est ut corpus melius
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2834 dispositum ei respondeat.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q6"><h2>Quaestio 6</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 6 pr."><a name="47036"><span class="ref">[47036]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2835 IIIª q. 6 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de ordine
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2836 assumptionis praedictae. Et circa hoc quaeruntur sex. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2837 filius Dei assumpserit carnem mediante anima. Secundo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2838 assumpserit animam mediante spiritu, sive mente. Tertio, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2839 anima Christi fuerit prius assumpta a verbo quam caro. Quarto,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2840 utrum caro fuerit prius a verbo assumpta quam animae unita. Quinto,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2841 utrum tota humana natura sit assumpta mediantibus partibus. Sexto,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2842 utrum sit assumpta mediante gratia.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47037"><span class="ref">[47037] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2843 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei non assumpserit carnem mediante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2844 anima. Perfectior enim est modus quo filius Dei unitur humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2845 naturae et partibus eius, quam quo est in omnibus creaturis. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2846 creaturis est immediate per essentiam, praesentiam et potentiam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2847 Ergo multo magis filius Dei unitur carni, et non mediante
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2848 anima.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47038"><span class="ref">[47038] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2849 anima et caro unita sunt Dei verbo in unitate hypostasis seu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2850 personae. Sed corpus immediate pertinet ad personam sive hypostasim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2851 hominis, sicut et anima. Quinimmo magis videtur se de propinquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2852 habere ad hypostasim hominis corpus, quod est materia quam anima,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2853 quae est forma, quia principium individuationis, quae importatur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2854 nomine hypostasis, videtur esse materia. Ergo filius Dei non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2855 assumpsit carnem mediante anima.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47039"><span class="ref">[47039] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2856 remoto medio, separantur ea quae per medium coniunguntur, sicut,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2857 remota superficie, cessaret color a corpore, qui inest corpori per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2858 superficiem. Sed, separata per mortem anima, adhuc remanet unio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2859 verbi ad carnem, quod infra patebit. Ergo verbum non coniungitur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2860 carni mediante anima.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47040"><span class="ref">[47040] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2861 quod Augustinus dicit, in epistola ad Volusianum, <i>ipsa magnitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2862 divinae virtutis animam sibi rationalem, et per eandem corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2863 humanum, totumque omnino hominem, in melius mutandum,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2864 coaptavit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 co."><a name="47041"><span class="ref">[47041] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2865 quod medium dicitur respectu principii et finis. Unde, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2866 principium et finis important ordinem, ita et medium. Est autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2867 duplex ordo, unus quidem temporis; alius autem naturae. Secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2868 autem ordinem temporis, non dicitur in mysterio incarnationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2869 aliquid medium, quia totam naturam humanam simul sibi Dei verbum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2870 univit, ut infra patebit. Ordo autem naturae inter aliqua potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2871 attendi dupliciter, uno modo, secundum dignitatis gradum, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2872 dicimus Angelos esse medios inter homines et Deum; alio modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2873 secundum rationem causalitatis, sicut dicimus mediam causam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2874 existere inter primam causam et ultimum effectum. Et hic secundus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2875 ordo aliquo modo consequitur primum, sicut enim dicit Dionysius,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2876 XIII cap. Cael. Hier., Deus per substantias magis propinquas agit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2877 in ea quae sunt magis remota. Si ergo attendamus gradum dignitatis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2878 anima media invenitur inter Deum et carnem. Et secundum hoc, potest
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2879 dici quod filius Dei univit sibi carnem mediante anima. Sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2880 secundum ordinem causalitatis, ipsa anima est aliqualiter causa
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2881 carnis uniendae filio Dei. Non enim esset assumptibilis nisi per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2882 ordinem quem habet ad animam rationalem, secundum quam habet quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2883 sit caro humana, dictum est enim supra quod natura humana prae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2884 ceteris est assumptibilis.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47042"><span class="ref">[47042] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2885 dicendum quod duplex ordo considerari potest inter creaturam et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2886 Deum. Unus quidem, secundum quod creaturae causantur a Deo et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2887 dependent ab ipso sicut a principio sui esse. Et sic, propter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2888 infinitatem suae virtutis, Deus immediate attingit quamlibet rem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2889 causando et conservando. Et ad hoc pertinet quod Deus immediate est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2890 in omnibus per essentiam, potentiam et praesentiam. Alius autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2891 ordo est secundum quod res reducuntur in Deum sicut in finem. Et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2892 quantum ad hoc, invenitur medium inter creaturam et Deum, quia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2893 inferiores creaturae reducuntur in Deum per superiores, ut dicit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2894 Dionysius, in libro Caelest. Hier. Et ad hunc ordinem pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2895 assumptio humanae naturae a verbo Dei quod est terminus
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2896 assumptionis. Et ideo per animam unitur carni.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47043"><span class="ref">[47043] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2897 dicendum quod, si hypostasis verbi Dei constitueretur simpliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2898 per naturam humanam, sequeretur quod corpus esset ei vicinius, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2899 sit materia, quae est individuationis principium, sicut et anima,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2900 quae est forma specifica, propinquius se habet ad naturam humanam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2901 Sed quia hypostasis est prior et altior quam humana natura, tanto
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2902 id quod est in humana natura propinquius se habet, quanto est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2903 altius. Et ideo propinquior est verbo Dei anima quam corpus.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47044"><span class="ref">[47044] IIIª q. 6 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2904 dicendum quod nihil prohibet aliquid esse causam alicuius quantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2905 ad aptitudinem et congruitatem, quo tamen remoto, id non tollitur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2906 quia, etsi fieri alicuius dependeat ex aliquo, postquam tamen est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2907 in facto esse, ab eo non dependet. Sicut, si inter aliquos amicitia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2908 causaretur aliquo mediante, eo recedente adhuc amicitia remanet, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2909 si aliqua in matrimonium ducitur propter pulchritudinem, quae facit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2910 congruitatem in muliere ad copulam coniugalem, tamen, cessante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2911 pulchritudine, adhuc durat copula coniugalis. Et similiter,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2912 separata anima, remanet unio verbi Dei ad carnem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47045"><span class="ref">[47045] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2913 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei non assumpsit animam mediante
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2914 spiritu. Idem enim non cadit medium inter ipsum et aliquid aliud.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2915 Sed spiritus, sive mens, non est aliud in essentia ab ipsa anima,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2916 ut in prima parte dictum est. Ergo filius Dei non assumpsit animam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2917 mediante spiritu, sive mente.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47046"><span class="ref">[47046] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, id
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2918 quo mediante facta est assumptio, videtur magis assumptibile. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2919 spiritus, sive mens, non est magis assumptibilis quam anima, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2920 patet ex hoc quod spiritus angelici non sunt assumptibiles, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2921 supra dictum est. Ergo videtur quod filius Dei non assumpserit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2922 animam mediante spiritu.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47047"><span class="ref">[47047] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2923 posterius assumitur a primo mediante priori. Sed anima nominat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2924 ipsam essentiam, quae est prior naturaliter quam ipsa potentia eius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2925 quae est mens. Ergo videtur quod filius Dei non assumpserit animam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2926 mediante spiritu vel mente.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47048"><span class="ref">[47048] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2927 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de agone Christiano, <i>invisibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2928 et incommutabilis veritas per spiritum animam, et per animam corpus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2929 accepit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 co."><a name="47049"><span class="ref">[47049] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2930 quod, sicut dictum est, filius Dei dicitur assumpsisse carnem anima
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2931 mediante, tum propter ordinem dignitatis, tum etiam propter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2932 congruitatem assumptionis. Utrumque autem horum invenitur si
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2933 comparemus intellectum, qui spiritus dicitur, ad ceteras animae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2934 partes. Non enim anima est assumptibilis secundum congruitatem nisi
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2935 per hoc quod est capax Dei, ad imaginem eius existens, quod est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2936 secundum mentem, quae spiritus dicitur, secundum illud Ephes. IV,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2937 <i>renovamini spiritu mentis vestrae</i>. Similiter etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2938 intellectus, inter ceteras partes animae, est superior et dignior
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2939 et Deo similior. Et ideo, ut Damascenus dicit, in III libro,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2940 <i>unitum est carni per medium intellectum verbum Dei, intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2941 enim est quod est animae purissimum; sed et Deus est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2942 intellectus</i>.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47050"><span class="ref">[47050] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2943 dicendum quod, si intellectus non sit aliud ab anima secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2944 essentiam, distinguitur tamen ab aliis partibus animae secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2945 rationem potentiae. Et secundum hoc competit sibi ratio medii.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47051"><span class="ref">[47051] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2946 dicendum quod spiritui angelico non deest congruitas ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2947 assumptionem propter defectum dignitatis, sed propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2948 irreparabilitatem casus. Quod non potest dici de spiritu humano, ut
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2949 patet ex his quae in prima parte dicta sunt.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47052"><span class="ref">[47052] IIIª q. 6 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2950 dicendum quod anima inter quam et Dei verbum ponitur medium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2951 intellectus, non accipitur pro essentia animae, quae est omnibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2952 potentiis communis, sed pro potentiis inferioribus, quae sunt omni
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2953 animae communes.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47053"><span class="ref">[47053] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2954 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi fuerit prius assumpta a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2955 verbo quam caro. Filius enim Dei assumpsit carnem mediante anima,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2956 ut dictum est. Sed prius pervenitur ad medium quam ad extremum.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2957 Ergo filius Dei prius assumpsit animam quam corpus.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47054"><span class="ref">[47054] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2958 anima Christi est dignior Angelis, secundum illud Psalmi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2959 <i>adorate eum, omnes Angeli eius</i>. Sed Angeli creati sunt a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2960 principio, ut in primo habitum est. Ergo et anima Christi. Quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2961 fuit ante creata quam assumpta, dicit enim Damascenus, in III
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2962 libro, quod <i>nunquam neque anima neque corpus Christi propriam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2963 habuerunt hypostasim praeter verbi hypostasim</i>. Ergo videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2964 quod anima fuerit ante assumpta quam caro, quae est concepta in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2965 utero virginali.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47055"><span class="ref">[47055] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2966 Ioan. I dicitur, vidimus eum plenum gratiae et veritatis, et postea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2967 sequitur, de plenitudine eius omnes accepimus, idest, omnes fideles
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2968 quocumque tempore, ut Chrysostomus exponit. Hoc autem non esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2969 nisi Christus habuisset plenitudinem gratiae et veritatis ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2970 omnes sanctos qui fuerunt ab origine mundi, quia causa non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2971 posterior causato. Cum ergo plenitudo gratiae et veritatis fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2972 in anima Christi ex unione ad verbum, secundum illud quod ibidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2973 dicitur, <i>vidimus gloriam eius quasi unigeniti a patre, plenum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2974 gratiae et veritatis</i>; consequens videtur quod a principio mundi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
2975 anima Christi fuisset a verbo Dei assumpta.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47056"><span class="ref">[47056] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2976 quod Damascenus dicit, in IV libro, <i>non, ut quidam mentiuntur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2977 ante eam quae est ex virgine incarnationem, intellectus est unitus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2978 Deo verbo, et ex tunc vocatus est Christus</i>.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 co."><a name="47057"><span class="ref">[47057] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2979 quod Origenes posuit omnes animas a principio fuisse creatas, inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2980 quas etiam posuit animam Christi creatam. Sed hoc quidem est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2981 inconveniens, scilicet, si ponatur quod fuerit tunc creata sed non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2982 statim verbo unita, quia sequeretur quod anima illa habuisset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2983 aliquando propriam subsistentiam sine verbo. Et sic, cum fuisset a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2984 verbo assumpta, vel non esset facta unio secundum substinentiam;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2985 vel corrupta fuisset subsistentia animae praeexistens. Similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2986 etiam est inconveniens si ponatur quod anima illa fuerit a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2987 principio verbo unita, et postmodum in utero virginis incarnata.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2988 Quia sic eius anima non videretur eiusdem esse naturae cum nostris,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2989 quae simul creantur dum corporibus infunduntur. Unde Leo Papa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2990 dicit, in epistola ad Iulianum, quod <i>non alterius naturae erat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2991 caro quam nostra, nec alio illi quam ceteris hominibus est anima
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2992 inspirata principio</i>.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47058"><span class="ref">[47058] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2993 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, anima Christi dicitur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2994 medium in unione carnis ad verbum secundum ordinem naturae. Non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
2995 autem oportet ex hoc quod fuerit medium ex ordine temporis.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47059"><span class="ref">[47059] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2996 dicendum quod, sicut Leo Papa in eadem epistola, dicit, anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2997 Christi excellit non diversitate generis, sed sublimitate virtutis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2998 Est enim eiusdem generis cum nostris animabus, sed excellit etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2999 Angelos secundum plenitudinem gratiae et veritatis. Modus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3000 incarnationis respondet animae secundum proprietatem sui generis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3001 ex quo habet, cum sit corporis forma, ut creetur simul dum corpori
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3002 infunditur et unitur. Quod non competit Angelis, quia sunt
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3003 substantiae omnino a corporibus absolutae.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47060"><span class="ref">[47060] IIIª q. 6 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3004 dicendum quod de plenitudine Christi omnes homines accipiunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3005 secundum fidem quam habent in ipsum, dicitur enim Rom. III, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3006 <i>iustitia Dei est per fidem Iesu Christi in omnes et super omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3007 qui credunt in ipsum</i>. Sicut autem nos in ipsum credimus ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3008 incarnatum, ita antiqui crediderunt in ipsum ut nasciturum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3009 <i>habentes enim eundem spiritum credimus</i>, ut dicitur II Cor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3010 IV. Habet autem fides quae est in Christum virtutem iustificandi ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3011 proposito gratiae Dei, secundum illud Rom. IV, <i>ei qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3012 operatur, credenti autem in eum qui iustificat impium, fides
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3013 reputatur ad iustitiam secundum propositum gratiae Dei</i>. Unde,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3014 quia hoc propositum est aeternum, nihil prohibet per fidem Iesu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3015 Christi aliquos iustificari antequam eius anima esset plena gratia
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3016 et veritate.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47061"><span class="ref">[47061] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3017 proceditur. Videtur quod caro Christi fuit primo a verbo assumpta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3018 quam animae unita. Dicit enim Augustinus, in libro de fide ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3019 Petrum, <i>firmissime tene, et nullatenus dubites, non carnem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3020 Christi sine divinitate conceptam in utero virginis antequam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3021 susciperetur a verbo</i>. Sed caro Christi videtur prius fuisse
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3022 concepta quam animae rationali unita, quia materialis dispositio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3023 prius est in via generationis quam forma completiva. Ergo prius
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3024 fuit caro Christi assumpta quam animae unita.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47062"><span class="ref">[47062] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3025 sicut anima est pars naturae humanae, ita et corpus. Sed anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3026 humana non habuit aliud principium sui esse in Christo quam in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3027 aliis hominibus, ut patet ex auctoritate Leonis Papae supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3028 inducta. Ergo videtur quod nec corpus Christi aliter habuit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3029 principium essendi quam in nobis. Sed in nobis ante concipitur caro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3030 quam adveniat anima rationalis. Ergo etiam ita fuit in Christo. Et
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3031 sic caro prius fuit a verbo assumpta quam animae unita.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47063"><span class="ref">[47063] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3032 sicut dicitur in libro de causis, <i>causa prima plus influit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3033 causatum, et prius unitur ei quam causa secunda</i>. Sed anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3034 Christi comparatur ad verbum sicut causa secunda ad primam. Prius
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3035 ergo verbum est unitum carni quam anima.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47064"><span class="ref">[47064] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3036 quod Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>simul Dei verbi caro, simul
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3037 caro animata, rationalis et intellectualis</i>. Non ergo unio verbi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3038 ad carnem praecessit unionem ad animam.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 co."><a name="47065"><span class="ref">[47065] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3039 quod caro humana est assumptibilis a verbo secundum ordinem quem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3040 habet ad animam rationalem sicut ad propriam formam. Hunc autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3041 ordinem non habet antequam anima rationalis ei adveniat, quia simul
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3042 dum aliqua materia fit propria alicuius formae, recipit illam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3043 formam; unde in eodem instanti terminatur alteratio in quo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3044 introducitur forma substantialis. Et inde est quod caro non debuit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3045 ante assumi quam esset caro humana, quod factum est anima rationali
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3046 adveniente. Sicut igitur anima non est prius assumpta quam caro,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3047 quia contra naturam animae est ut prius sit quam corpori uniatur;
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3048 ita caro non debuit prius assumi quam anima, quia non prius est
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3049 caro humana quam habeat animam rationalem.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47066"><span class="ref">[47066] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3050 dicendum quod caro humana sortitur esse per animam. Et ideo ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3051 adventum animae non est caro humana, sed potest esse dispositio ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3052 carnem humanam. In conceptione tamen Christi spiritus sanctus, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3053 est agens infinitae virtutis, simul et materiam disposuit et ad
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3054 perfectum perduxit.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47067"><span class="ref">[47067] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3055 dicendum quod forma actu dat speciem, materia autem, quantum est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3056 se, est in potentia ad speciem. Et ideo contra rationem formae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3057 esset quod praeexisteret naturae speciei, quae perficitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3058 unionem eius ad materiam, non autem est contra naturam materiae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3059 quod praeexistat naturae speciei. Et ideo dissimilitudo quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3060 inter originem nostram et originem Christi secundum hoc quod caro
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3061 nostra prius concipitur quam animetur, non autem caro Christi, est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3062 secundum id quod praecedit naturae complementum, sicut et quod nos
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3063 concipimur ex semine viri, non autem Christus. Sed differentia quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3064 esset quantum ad originem animae, redundaret in diversitatem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3065 naturae.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47068"><span class="ref">[47068] IIIª q. 6 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3066 dicendum quod verbum Dei per prius intelligitur unitum carni quam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3067 anima per modum communem quo est in ceteris creaturis per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3068 essentiam, potentiam et praesentiam, prius tamen dico, non tempore,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3069 sed natura. Prius enim intelligitur caro ut quoddam ens, quod habet
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3070 a verbo, quam ut animata, quod habet ab anima. Sed unione personali
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3071 prius secundum intellectum oportet quod caro uniatur animae quam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3072 verbo, quia ex unione ad animam habet quod sit unibilis verbo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3073 persona; praesertim quia persona non invenitur nisi in rationali
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3074 natura.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="47069"><span class="ref">[47069] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3075 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei assumpserit totam naturam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3076 humanam mediantibus partibus. Dicit enim Augustinus, in libro de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3077 agone Christiano, quod <i>invisibilis et incommutabilis veritas per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3078 spiritum animam, per animam corpus, et sic totum hominem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3079 assumpsit</i>. Sed spiritus, anima et corpus sunt partes totius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3080 hominis. Ergo totum hominem assumpsit mediantibus partibus.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="47070"><span class="ref">[47070] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ideo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3081 Dei filius carnem assumpsit mediante anima, quia anima est Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3082 similior quam corpus. Sed partes humanae naturae, cum sint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3083 simpliciores videntur esse similiores ei, qui est simplicissimus,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3084 quam totum. Ergo assumpsit totum mediantibus partibus.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="47071"><span class="ref">[47071] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3085 totum resultat ex unione partium. Sed unio intelligitur ut terminus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3086 assumptionis, partes autem praeintelliguntur assumptioni. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3087 assumpsit totum per partes.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 s. c."><a name="47072"><span class="ref">[47072] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3088 quod Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>in domino Iesu Christo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3089 partes partium intuemur, sed quae proxime componuntur, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3090 deitatem et humanitatem</i>. Humanitas autem est quoddam totum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3091 quod componitur ex anima et corpore sicut ex partibus. Ergo filius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3092 Dei assumpsit partes mediante toto.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 co."><a name="47073"><span class="ref">[47073] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3093 quod, cum dicitur aliquid medium in assumptione incarnationis, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3094 designatur ordo temporis, quia simul facta est assumptio totius et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3095 omnium partium. Ostensum est enim quod simul anima et corpus sunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3096 ad invicem unita ad constituendam naturam humanam in verbo.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3097 Designatur autem ibi ordo naturae. Unde per id quod est prius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3098 natura, assumitur id quod est posterius. Est autem aliquid prius in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3099 natura dupliciter, uno modo ex parte agentis, alio modo ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3100 materiae; hae enim duae causae praeexistunt rei. Ex parte quidem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3101 agentis, est simpliciter primum id quod primo cadit in eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3102 intentione, sed secundum quid est primum illud a quo incipit eius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3103 operatio, et hoc ideo, quia intentio est prior operatione. Ex parte
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3104 vero materiae, est prius illud quod prius existit in transmutatione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3105 materiae. In incarnatione autem oportet maxime attendere ordinem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3106 qui est ex parte agentis, quia, ut Augustinus dicit, in epistola ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3107 Volusianum, <i>in talibus rebus tota ratio facti est potentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3108 facientis</i>. Manifestum est autem quod secundum intentionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3109 facientis prius est completum quam incompletum, et per consequens,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3110 totum quam partes. Et ideo dicendum est quod verbum Dei assumpsit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3111 partes humanae naturae mediante toto. Sicut enim corpus assumpsit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3112 propter ordinem quem habet ad animam rationalem, ita assumpsit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3113 corpus et animam propter ordinem quem habent ad humanam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3114 naturam.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="47074"><span class="ref">[47074] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3115 dicendum quod ex verbis illis nihil datur intelligi nisi quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3116 verbum, assumendo partes humanae naturae, assumpsit totam humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3117 naturam. Et sic assumptio partium prior est in via operationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3118 intellectu, non tempore. Assumptio autem naturae est prior in via
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3119 intentionis, quod est esse prius simpliciter, ut dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="47075"><span class="ref">[47075] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3120 dicendum quod Deus ita est simplex quod etiam est perfectissimus.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3121 Et ideo totum est magis simile Deo quam partes, inquantum est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3122 perfectius.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="47076"><span class="ref">[47076] IIIª q. 6 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3123 dicendum quod unio personalis est ad quam terminatur assumptio, non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3124 autem unio naturae, quae resultat ex coniunctione partium.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="47077"><span class="ref">[47077] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3125 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei assumpserit humanam naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3126 mediante gratia. Per gratiam enim unimur Deo. Sed humana natura in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3127 Christo maxime fuit unita. Ergo illa unio facta fuit per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3128 gratiam.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="47078"><span class="ref">[47078] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3129 sicut corpus vivit per animam, quae est eius perfectio, ita anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3130 per gratiam. Sed humana natura redditur congrua ad assumptionem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3131 animam, ut dictum est. Ergo et anima redditur congrua ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3132 assumptionem per gratiam. Ergo filius Dei assumpsit animam mediante
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3133 gratia.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="47079"><span class="ref">[47079] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3134 Augustinus, XV de Trin., dicit quod verbum incarnatum est sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3135 verbum nostrum in voce. Sed verbum nostrum unitur voci mediante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3136 spiritu. Ergo verbum Dei unitur carni mediante spiritu sancto, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3137 ita mediante gratia, quae spiritui sancto attribuitur, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3138 illud I ad Cor. XII, <i>divisiones gratiarum sunt, idem autem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3139 spiritus</i>.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 s. c."><a name="47080"><span class="ref">[47080] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3140 quod gratia est quoddam accidens animae, ut in secunda parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3141 habitum est. Unio autem verbi ad humanam naturam est facta secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3142 subsistentiam, et non secundum accidens ut ex supra dictis patet.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3143 Ergo natura humana non est assumpta mediante gratia.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 co."><a name="47081"><span class="ref">[47081] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3144 quod in Christo ponitur gratia unionis, et gratia habitualis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3145 Gratia ergo non potest intelligi ut medium in assumptione humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3146 naturae, sive loquamur de gratia unionis, sive de gratia habituali.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3147 Gratia enim unionis est ipsum esse personale quod gratis divinitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3148 datur humanae naturae in persona verbi, quod quidem est terminus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3149 assumptionis. Gratia autem habitualis pertinens ad specialem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3150 sanctitatem illius hominis, est effectus quidam consequens unionem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3151 secundum illud Ioan. I, <i>vidimus gloriam eius quasi unigeniti a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3152 patre, plenum gratiae et veritatis</i>; per quod datur intelligi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3153 quod hoc ipso quod ille homo est unigenitus a patre, quod habet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3154 unionem, habet plenitudinem gratiae et veritatis. Si vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3155 intelligatur gratia ipsa voluntas Dei aliquid gratis faciens vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3156 donans, sic unio facta est per gratiam, non sicut per medium, sed
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3157 sicut per causam efficientem.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="47082"><span class="ref">[47082] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3158 dicendum quod unio nostra ad Deum est per operationem, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3159 scilicet eum cognoscimus et amamus. Et ideo talis unio est per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3160 gratiam habitualem, inquantum operatio perfecta procedit ab habitu.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3161 Sed unio naturae humanae ad verbum Dei est secundum esse personale,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3162 quod non dependet ab aliquo habitu, sed immediate ab ipsa
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3163 natura.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="47083"><span class="ref">[47083] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3164 dicendum quod anima est perfectio substantialis corporis, gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3165 vero est perfectio animae accidentalis. Et ideo gratia non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3166 ordinare animam ad unionem personalem, quae non est accidentalis,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3167 sicut anima corpus.</p><p title="III q. 6 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="47084"><span class="ref">[47084] IIIª q. 6 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3168 dicendum quod verbum nostrum unitur voci mediante spiritu, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3169 quidem sicut medio formali, sed sicut per medium movens, nam ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3170 verbo concepto interius procedit spiritus, ex quo formatur vox. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3171 similiter ex verbo aeterno procedit spiritus sanctus, qui formavit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3172 corpus Christi ut infra patebit. Non autem ex hoc sequitur quod
53
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diff changeset
3173 gratia spiritus sancti sit formale medium in unione praedicta.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q7"><h2>Quaestio 7</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 7 pr."><a name="47085"><span class="ref">[47085]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3174 IIIª q. 7 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3175 coassumptis a filio Dei in humana natura. Et primo, de his quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3176 pertinent ad perfectionem; secundo, de his quae pertinent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3177 defectum. Circa primum consideranda sunt tria, primo, de gratia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3178 Christi; secundo, de scientia eius; tertio, de potentia ipsius. De
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3179 gratia autem Christi considerandum est dupliciter, primo quidem, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3180 gratia eius secundum quod est singularis homo; secundo, de gratia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3181 eius secundum quod est caput Ecclesiae. Nam de gratia unionis iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3182 dictum est. Circa primum quaeruntur tredecim. Primo, utrum in anima
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3183 Christi sit aliqua gratia habitualis. Secundo, utrum in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3184 fuerint virtutes. Tertio, utrum in eo fuerit fides. Quarto, utrum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3185 fuerit in eo spes. Quinto, utrum in Christo fuerint dona. Sexto,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3186 utrum in Christo fuerit timoris donum. Septimo, utrum in Christo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3187 fuerint gratiae gratis datae. Octavo, utrum in Christo fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3188 prophetia. Nono, utrum in eo fuerit plenitudo gratiae. Decimo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3189 utrum talis plenitudo sit propria Christi. Undecimo, utrum Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3190 gratia sit infinita. Duodecimo, utrum potuerit augeri.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3191 Tertiodecimo, qualiter haec gratia se habeat ad unionem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47086"><span class="ref">[47086] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3192 proceditur. Videtur quod in anima assumpta a verbo non fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3193 gratia habitualis. Gratia enim est quaedam participatio divinitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3194 in creatura rationali, secundum illud II Pet. I, <i>per quem magna
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3195 et pretiosa nobis promissa donavit, ut divinae simus consortes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3196 naturae</i>. Christus autem Deus est non participative, sed
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3197 secundum veritatem. Ergo in eo non fuit gratia habitualis.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47087"><span class="ref">[47087] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3198 gratia ad hoc est necessaria homini ut per eam bene operetur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3199 secundum illud I Cor. XV, <i>abundantius omnibus laboravi, non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3200 autem ego, sed gratia Dei mecum</i>; et etiam ad hoc quod homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3201 consequatur vitam aeternam, secundum illud Rom. VI, <i>gratia Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3202 vita aeterna</i>. Sed Christo, ex hoc solo quod erat naturalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3203 filius Dei, debebatur hereditas vitae aeterna. Ex hoc etiam quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3204 erat verbum, per quod facta sunt omnia, aderat ei facultas omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3205 bona operandi. Non igitur secundum humanam naturam indigebat alia
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3206 gratia nisi unione ad verbum.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47088"><span class="ref">[47088] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3207 illud quod operatur per modum instrumenti, non indiget habitu ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3208 proprias operationes, sed habitus fundatur in principali agente.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3209 Humana autem natura in Christo fuit sicut instrumentum deitatis, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3210 dicit Damascenus, in III libro. Ergo in Christo non debuit esse
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3211 aliqua gratia habitualis.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47089"><span class="ref">[47089] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3212 quod dicitur Isaiae XI, <i>requiescet super eum spiritus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3213 domini</i>, qui quidem esse in homine dicitur per gratiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3214 habitualem, ut in prima parte dictum est. Ergo in Christo fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3215 gratia habitualis.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 co."><a name="47090"><span class="ref">[47090] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3216 quod necesse est ponere in Christo gratiam habitualem, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3217 tria. Primo quidem, propter unionem animae illius ad verbum Dei.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3218 Quanto enim aliquod receptivum propinquius est causae influenti,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3219 tanto magis participat de influentia ipsius. Influxus autem gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3220 est a Deo, secundum illud Psalmi, <i>gratiam et gloriam dabit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3221 dominus</i>. Et ideo maxime fuit conveniens ut anima illa reciperet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3222 influxum divinae gratiae. Secundo, propter nobilitatem illius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3223 animae, cuius operationes oportebat propinquissime attingere ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3224 Deum per cognitionem et amorem. Ad quod necesse est elevari humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3225 naturam per gratiam. Tertio, propter habitudinem ipsius Christi ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3226 genus humanum. Christus enim, inquantum homo, est mediator Dei et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3227 hominum, ut dicitur I Tim. II. Et ideo oportebat quod haberet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3228 gratiam etiam in alios redundantem, secundum illud Ioan. I, <i>de
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3229 plenitudine eius omnes accepimus, gratiam pro gratia</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47091"><span class="ref">[47091] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3230 dicendum quod Christus est verus Deus secundum personam et naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3231 divinam. Sed quia cum unitate personae remanet distinctio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3232 naturarum, ut ex supra dictis patet, anima Christi non est per suam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3233 essentiam divina. Unde oportet quod fiat divina per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3234 participationem, quae est secundum gratiam.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47092"><span class="ref">[47092] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3235 dicendum quod Christo, secundum quod est naturalis filius Dei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3236 debetur hereditas aeterna, quae est ipsa beatitudo increata, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3237 increatum actum cognitionis et amoris Dei, eundem scilicet quo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3238 pater cognoscit et amat seipsum. Cuius actus anima capax non erat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3239 propter differentiam naturae. Unde oportebat quod attingeret ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3240 Deum per actum fruitionis creatum. Qui quidem esse non potest nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3241 per gratiam. Similiter etiam, inquantum est verbum Dei, habuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3242 facultatem omnia bene operandi operatione divina. Sed quia, praeter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3243 operationem divinam, oportet ponere operationem humanam, ut infra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3244 patebit; oportuit in eo esse habitualem gratiam, per quam huiusmodi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3245 operatio in eo esset perfecta.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47093"><span class="ref">[47093] IIIª q. 7 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3246 dicendum quod humanitas Christi est instrumentum divinitatis, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3247 quidem sicut instrumentum inanimatum, quod nullo modo agit sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3248 solum agitur, sed tanquam instrumentum animatum anima rationali,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3249 quod ita agit quod etiam agitur. Et ideo, ad convenientiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3250 actionis, oportuit eum habere gratiam habitualem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47094"><span class="ref">[47094] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3251 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerint virtutes. Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3252 enim habuit abundantiam gratiae. Sed gratia sufficit ad omnia recte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3253 agendum, secundum illud II Cor. XII, <i>sufficit tibi gratia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3254 mea</i>. Ergo in Christo non fuerunt virtutes.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47095"><span class="ref">[47095] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3255 secundum philosophum, VII Ethic., virtus dividitur contra quendam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3256 heroicum sive divinum habitum, qui attribuitur hominibus divinis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3257 Hoc autem maxime convenit Christo. Ergo Christus non habuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3258 virtutes, sed aliquid altius virtute.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47096"><span class="ref">[47096] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3259 sicut in secunda parte dictum est, virtutes omnes simul habentur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3260 Sed Christo non fuit conveniens habere simul omnes virtutes, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3261 patet de liberalitate et magnificentia, quae habent actum suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3262 circa divitias, quas Christus contempsit, secundum illud Matth.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3263 VIII, <i>filius hominis non habet ubi caput suum reclinet</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3264 Temperantia etiam et continentia sunt circa concupiscentias pravas,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3265 quae in Christo non fuerunt. Ergo Christus non habuit virtutes.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47097"><span class="ref">[47097] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3266 quod super illud Psalmi, <i>sed in lege domini voluntas eius</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3267 dicit Glossa, <i>hic ostenditur Christus plenus omni bono</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3268 bona qualitas mentis est virtus. Ergo Christus fuit plenus omni
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3269 virtute.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 co."><a name="47098"><span class="ref">[47098] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3270 quod, sicut in secunda parte habitum est, sicut gratia respicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3271 essentiam animae, ita virtus respicit eius potentiam. Unde oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3272 quod, sicut potentiae animae derivantur ab eius essentia, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3273 virtutes sunt quaedam derivationes gratiae. Quanto autem aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3274 principium est perfectius, tanto magis imprimit suos effectus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3275 Unde, cum gratia Christi fuerit perfectissima, consequens est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3276 ex ipsa processerint virtutes ad perficiendum singulas potentias
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3277 animae, quantum ad omnes animae actus. Et ita Christus habuit omnes
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3278 virtutes.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47099"><span class="ref">[47099] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3279 dicendum quod gratia sufficit homini quantum ad omnia quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3280 ordinatur ad beatitudinem. Horum tamen quaedam perficit gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3281 immediate per seipsam, sicut gratum facere Deo, et alia huiusmodi,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3282 quaedam autem mediantibus virtutibus, quae ex gratia procedunt.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47100"><span class="ref">[47100] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3283 dicendum quod habitus ille heroicus vel divinus non differt a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3284 virtute communiter dicta nisi secundum perfectiorem modum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3285 inquantum scilicet aliquis est dispositus ad bonum quodam altiori
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3286 modo quam communiter omnibus competat. Unde per hoc non ostenditur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3287 quod Christus non habuit virtutes, sed quod habuit eas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3288 perfectissime, ultra communem modum. Sicut etiam Plotinus posuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3289 quendam sublimem modum virtutum, quas esse dixit purgati animi.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47101"><span class="ref">[47101] IIIª q. 7 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3290 dicendum quod liberalitas et magnificentia commendantur circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3291 divitias inquantum aliquis non tantum appretiatur divitias quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3292 velit eas retinere praetermittendo id quod fieri oportet. Ille
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3293 autem minime divitias appretiatur qui penitus eas contemnit et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3294 abiicit propter perfectionis amorem. Et ideo in hoc ipso quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3295 Christus omnes divitias contempsit, ostendit in se summum gradum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3296 liberalitatis et magnificentiae. Licet etiam liberalitatis actum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3297 exercuerit, secundum quod sibi conveniens erat faciendo pauperibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3298 erogari quae sibi dabantur, unde, cum dominus dixit Iudae, Ioan.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3299 XIII, <i>quod facis, fac citius</i>, discipuli intellexerunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3300 dominum mandasse quod egenis aliquid daret. Concupiscentias autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3301 pravas Christus omnino non habuit, sicut infra patebit. Propter hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3302 tamen non excluditur quin habuerit temperantiam, quae tanto
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3303 perfectior est in homine quanto magis pravis concupiscentiis caret.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3304 Unde, secundum philosophum, in VII Ethic., temperatus in hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3305 differt a continente, quod temperatus non habet pravas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3306 concupiscentias, quas continens patitur. Unde, sic accipiendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3307 continentiam sicut philosophus accipit, ex hoc ipso quod Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3308 habuit omnem virtutem, non habuit continentiam, quae non est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3309 virtus, sed aliquid minus virtute.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47102"><span class="ref">[47102] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3310 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo fuerit fides. Fides enim est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3311 nobilior virtus quam virtutes morales, puta temperantia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3312 liberalitas. Huiusmodi autem virtutes fuerunt in Christo, ut dictum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3313 est. Multum ergo magis fuit in eo fides.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47103"><span class="ref">[47103] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3314 Christus non docuit virtutes quas ipse non habuit, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3315 Act. I, <i>coepit Iesus facere et docere</i>. Sed de Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3316 dicitur, Heb. XII, quod est <i>auctor et consummator fidei</i>.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3317 Ergo in eo maxime fuit fides.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47104"><span class="ref">[47104] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3318 quidquid est imperfectionis excluditur a beatis. Sed in beatis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3319 fides, nam super illud Rom. I, <i>iustitia Dei revelatur in eo ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3320 fide in fidem</i>, dicit Glossa, <i>de fide verborum et spei in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3321 fidem rerum et speciei</i>. Ergo videtur quod etiam in Christo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3322 fuerit fides, cum nihil imperfectionis importet.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47105"><span class="ref">[47105] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3323 quod dicitur Heb. XI, quod <i>fides est argumentum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3324 apparentium</i>. Sed Christo nihil fuit non apparens, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3325 illud quod dixit ei Petrus, Ioan. ult., <i>tu omnia nosti</i>. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3326 in Christo non fuit fides.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 co."><a name="47106"><span class="ref">[47106] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3327 quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, obiectum fidei est res
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3328 divina non visa. Habitus autem virtutis, sicut et quilibet alius,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3329 recipit speciem ab obiecto. Et ideo, excluso quod res divina non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3330 sit visa, excluditur ratio fidei. Christus autem in primo instanti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3331 suae conceptionis plene vidit Deum per essentiam, ut infra patebit.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3332 Unde fides in eo esse non potuit.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47107"><span class="ref">[47107] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3333 dicendum quod fides est nobilior virtutibus moralibus, quia est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3334 circa nobiliorem materiam, sed tamen importat quendam defectum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3335 comparatione ad illam materiam, qui defectus in Christo non fuit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3336 Et ideo non potuit in eo esse fides, licet fuerint in eo virtutes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3337 morales, quae in sui ratione huiusmodi defectum non important per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3338 comparationem ad suas materias.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47108"><span class="ref">[47108] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3339 dicendum quod meritum fidei consistit in hoc quod homo, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3340 obedientia Dei, assentit istis quae non videt, secundum illud Rom.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3341 I, <i>ad obediendum fidei in omnibus gentibus pro nomine eius</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3342 Obedientiam autem ad Deum plenissime habuit Christus, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3343 illud Philipp. II, <i>factus est obediens usque ad mortem</i>. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3344 sic nihil ad meritum pertinens docuit quod ipse excellentius non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3345 impleret.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47109"><span class="ref">[47109] IIIª q. 7 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3346 dicendum quod, sicut Glossa ibidem dicit, <i>fides proprie est qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3347 creduntur quae non videntur</i>. Sed fides quae est rerum visarum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3348 improprie dicitur, et secundum quandam similitudinem, quantum ad
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3349 certitudinem aut firmitatem adhaesionis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47110"><span class="ref">[47110] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3350 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo fuerit spes. Dicitur enim in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3351 Psalmo ex persona Christi, secundum Glossam, <i>in te, domine,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3352 speravi</i>. Sed virtus spei est qua homo sperat in Deum. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3353 virtus spei fuit in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47111"><span class="ref">[47111] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, spes
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3354 est expectatio futurae beatitudinis, ut in secunda parte habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3355 est. Sed Christus aliquid expectabat ad beatitudinem pertinens,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3356 videlicet gloriam corporis. Ergo videtur quod in eo fuit spes.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47112"><span class="ref">[47112] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3357 unusquisque potest sperare id quod ad eius perfectionem pertinet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3358 si sit futurum. Sed aliquid erat futurum quod ad perfectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3359 Christi pertinet, secundum illud Ephes. IV, <i>ad consummationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3360 sanctorum, in opus ministerii, in aedificationem corporis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3361 Christi</i>. Ergo videtur quod Christo competebat habere spem.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47113"><span class="ref">[47113] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3362 quod dicitur Rom. VIII, <i>quod videt quis, quid sperat?</i> Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3363 patet quod, sicut fides est de non visis, ita et spes. Sed fides
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3364 non fuit in Christo, sicut dictum est. Ergo nec spes.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 co."><a name="47114"><span class="ref">[47114] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3365 quod, sicut de ratione fidei est quod aliquis assentiat his quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3366 non videt, ita de ratione spei est quod aliquis expectet id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3367 nondum habet. Et sicut fides, inquantum est virtus theologica, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3368 est de quocumque non viso, sed solum de Deo, ita etiam spes,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3369 inquantum est virtus theologica, habet pro obiecto ipsam Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3370 fruitionem, quam principaliter homo expectat per spei virtutem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3371 ex consequenti ille qui habet virtutem spei, potest etiam in aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3372 divinum auxilium expectare, sicut et ille qui habet virtutem fidei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3373 non solum credit Deo de rebus divinis, sed de quibuscumque aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3374 sibi divinitus revelatis. Christus autem a principio suae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3375 conceptionis plene habuit fruitionem divinam, ut infra dicetur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3376 ideo virtutem spei non habuit. Habuit tamen spem respectu aliquorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3377 quae nondum erat adeptus, licet non habuit fidem respectu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3378 quorumcumque. Quia, licet plene cognosceret omnia, per quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3379 totaliter fides excludebatur ab eo, non tamen adhuc plene habebat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3380 omnia quae ad eius perfectionem pertinebant, puta immortalitatem et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3381 gloriam corporis, quam poterat sperare.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47115"><span class="ref">[47115] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3382 dicendum quod hoc non dicitur de Christo secundum spem quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3383 virtus theologica, sed eo quod quaedam alia speravit nondum habita,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3384 sicut dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47116"><span class="ref">[47116] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3385 dicendum quod gloria corporis non pertinet ad beatitudinem sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3386 quo principaliter beatitudo consistat, sed per quandam redundantiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3387 a gloria animae, ut in secunda parte dictum est. Unde spes,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3388 secundum quod est virtus theologica, non respicit beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3389 corporis, sed beatitudinem animae, quae in divina fruitione
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3390 consistit.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47117"><span class="ref">[47117] IIIª q. 7 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3391 dicendum quod aedificatio Ecclesiae per conversionem fidelium non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3392 pertinet ad perfectionem Christi qua in se perfectus est, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3393 secundum quod alios ad participationem suae perfectionis inducit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3394 Et quia spes dicitur proprie respectu alicuius quod expectatur ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3395 ipso sperante habendum, non proprie potest dici quod virtus spei
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3396 Christo conveniat ratione inducta.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="47118"><span class="ref">[47118] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3397 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerint dona. Sicut enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3398 communiter dicitur, dona dantur in adiutorium virtutum. Sed id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3399 est in se perfectum, non indiget exteriori auxilio. Cum igitur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3400 Christo fuerint virtutes perfectae, videtur quod in eo non fuerunt
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3401 dona.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="47119"><span class="ref">[47119] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, non
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3402 videtur esse eiusdem dare dona et recipere, quia dare est habentis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3403 accipere autem non habentis. Sed Christo convenit dare dona,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3404 secundum illud Psalmi, <i>dedit dona hominibus</i>. Ergo Christo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3405 non convenit accipere dona spiritus sancti.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="47120"><span class="ref">[47120] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3406 quatuor dona videntur pertinere ad contemplationem viae scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3407 sapientia, scientia, intellectus et consilium, quod pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3408 prudentiam, unde et philosophus, in VI Ethic., numerat ista inter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3409 virtutes intellectuales. Sed Christus habuit contemplationem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3410 patriae. Ergo non habuit huiusmodi dona.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 s. c."><a name="47121"><span class="ref">[47121] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3411 quod dicitur Isaiae IV, <i>apprehendent septem mulieres virum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3412 unum</i>, Glossa, <i>idest, septem dona spiritus sancti
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3413 Christum</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 co."><a name="47122"><span class="ref">[47122] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3414 quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, dona proprie sunt quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3415 perfectiones potentiarum animae secundum quod sunt natae moveri a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3416 spiritu sancto. Manifestum est autem quod anima Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3417 perfectissime a spiritu sancto movebatur secundum illud Luc. IV,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3418 <i>Iesus, plenus spiritu sancto, regressus est a Iordane, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3419 agebatur a spiritu in desertum</i>. Unde manifestum est quod in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3420 Christo fuerunt excellentissime dona.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="47123"><span class="ref">[47123] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3421 dicendum quod illud quod est perfectum secundum ordinem suae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3422 naturae, indiget adiuvari ab eo quod est altioris naturae, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3423 homo, quantumcumque perfectus, indiget adiuvari a Deo. Et hoc modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3424 virtutes indigent adiuvari per dona, quae perficiunt potentias
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3425 animae secundum quod sunt motae a spiritu sancto.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="47124"><span class="ref">[47124] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3426 dicendum quod Christus non secundum idem est recipiens et dans dona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3427 spiritus sancti, sed dat secundum quod Deus, et accipit secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3428 quod homo. Unde Gregorius dicit, in II Moral., quod <i>spiritus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3429 sanctus humanitatem Christi nunquam deseruit, ex cuius divinitate
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3430 procedit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="47125"><span class="ref">[47125] IIIª q. 7 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3431 dicendum quod in Christo non solum fuit cognitio patriae, sed etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3432 cognitio viae, ut infra dicetur. Et tamen etiam in patria sunt per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3433 aliquem modum dona spiritus sancti, ut in secunda parte habitum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3434 est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="47126"><span class="ref">[47126] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3435 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuit donum timoris. Spes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3436 enim potior videtur quam timor, nam spei obiectum est bonum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3437 timoris vero malum, ut in secunda parte habitum est. Sed in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3438 non fuit virtus spei, ut supra habitum est. Ergo etiam non fuit in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3439 eo donum timoris.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="47127"><span class="ref">[47127] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, dono
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3440 timoris timet aliquis vel separationem a Deo, quod pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3441 timorem castum; vel puniri ab ipso, quod pertinet ad timorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3442 servilem; ut Augustinus dicit, super canonicam Ioan. Sed Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3443 non timuit separari a Deo per peccatum, neque puniri ab eo propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3444 culpam suam, quia impossibile erat eum peccare, ut infra dicetur;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3445 timor autem non est de impossibili. Ergo in Christo non fuit donum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3446 timoris.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="47128"><span class="ref">[47128] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, I
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3447 Ioan. IV dicitur, <i>perfecta caritas foras mittit timorem</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3448 in Christo fuit perfectissima caritas, secundum illud Ephes. III,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3449 <i>supereminentem scientiae caritatem Christi</i>. Ergo in Christo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3450 non fuit donum timoris.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 s. c."><a name="47129"><span class="ref">[47129] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3451 quod dicitur Isaiae XI, <i>replebit eum spiritus timoris
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3452 domini</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 co."><a name="47130"><span class="ref">[47130] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3453 quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, timor respicit duo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3454 obiecta, quorum unum est malum terribile; aliud est ille cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3455 potestate malum potest inferri, sicut aliquis timet regem inquantum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3456 habet potestatem occidendi. Non autem timeretur ille qui habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3457 potestatem, nisi haberet quandam eminentiam potestatis, cui de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3458 facili resisti non possit, ea enim quae in promptu habemus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3459 repellere, non timemus. Et sic patet quod aliquis non timetur nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3460 propter suam eminentiam. Sic igitur dicendum est quod in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3461 fuit timor Dei, non quidem secundum quod respicit malum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3462 separationis a Deo per culpam; nec secundum quod respicit malum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3463 punitionis pro culpa; sed secundum quod respicit ipsam divinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3464 eminentiam, prout scilicet anima Christi quodam affectu reverentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3465 movebatur in Deum, a spiritu sancto acta. Unde Heb. V dicitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3466 in omnibus <i>exauditus est pro sua reverentia</i>. Hunc enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3467 affectum reverentiae ad Deum Christus, secundum quod homo, prae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3468 ceteris habuit pleniorem. Et ideo ei attribuit Scriptura
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3469 plenitudinem timoris domini.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="47131"><span class="ref">[47131] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3470 dicendum quod habitus virtutum et donorum proprie et per se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3471 respiciunt bonum, malum autem ex consequenti, pertinet enim ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3472 rationem virtutis ut opus bonum reddat, ut dicitur in II Ethic. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3473 ideo de ratione doni timoris non est illud malum quod respicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3474 timor, sed eminentia illius boni, scilicet divini, cuius potestate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3475 aliquod malum infligi potest. Spes autem, secundum quod est virtus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3476 respicit non solum actorem boni, sed etiam ipsum bonum inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3477 est non habitum. Et ideo Christo, quia iam habebat perfectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3478 beatitudinis bonum, non attribuitur virtus spei, sed donum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3479 timoris.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="47132"><span class="ref">[47132] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3480 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit de timore secundum quod respicit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3481 obiectum quod est malum.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="47133"><span class="ref">[47133] IIIª q. 7 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3482 dicendum quod perfecta caritas foras mittit timorem servilem, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3483 respicit principaliter poenam. Sic autem timor non fuit in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3484 Christo.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="47134"><span class="ref">[47134] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3485 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerint gratiae gratis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3486 datae. Ei enim qui habet aliquid secundum plenitudinem, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3487 competit illud habere secundum participationem. Sed Christus habuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3488 gratiam secundum plenitudinem, secundum illud Ioan. I, <i>plenum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3489 gratiae et veritatis</i>. Gratiae autem gratis datae videntur esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3490 quaedam participationes divisim et particulariter diversis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3491 attributae, secundum illud I Cor. XII, <i>divisiones gratiarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3492 sunt</i>. Ergo videtur quod in Christo non fuerint gratiae gratis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3493 datae.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="47135"><span class="ref">[47135] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, quod
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3494 debetur alicui, non videtur esse gratis ei datum. Sed debitum erat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3495 homini Christo quod sermone sapientiae et scientiae abundaret, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3496 potens esset in virtutibus faciendis, et alia huiusmodi quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3497 pertinent ad gratias gratis datas, cum ipse sit Dei virtus et Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3498 sapientia, ut dicitur I Cor. I. Ergo Christo non fuit conveniens
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3499 habere gratias gratis datas.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="47136"><span class="ref">[47136] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3500 gratiae gratis datae ordinantur ad utilitatem fidelium, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3501 illud I Cor. XII, <i>unicuique datur manifestatio spiritus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3502 utilitatem</i>. Non autem videtur ad utilitatem pertinere habitus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3503 aut quaecumque dispositio, si homo non utatur, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3504 Eccli. XX, <i>sapientia abscondita, et thesaurus invisus, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3505 utilitas in utrisque?</i> Christus autem non legitur usus fuisse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3506 omnibus gratiis gratis datis, praesertim quantum ad genera
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3507 linguarum. Non ergo in Christo fuerunt omnes gratiae gratis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3508 datae.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 s. c."><a name="47137"><span class="ref">[47137] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3509 quod Augustinus dicit, in epistola ad Dardanum, quod sicut in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3510 capite sunt omnes sensus, ita in Christo fuerunt omnes gratiae.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 co."><a name="47138"><span class="ref">[47138] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3511 quod, sicut in secunda parte habitum est, gratiae gratis datae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3512 ordinantur ad fidei et spiritualis doctrinae manifestationem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3513 Oportet autem eum qui docet, habere ea per quae sua doctrina
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3514 manifestetur, aliter sua doctrina esset inutilis. Spiritualis autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3515 doctrinae et fidei primus et principalis doctor est Christus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3516 secundum illud Heb. II, <i>cum initium accepisset enuntiari a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3517 domino, per eos qui audierunt in nos confirmata est, contestante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3518 Deo signis et prodigiis</i>, et cetera. Unde manifestum est quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3519 Christo fuerunt excellentissime omnes gratiae gratis datae, sicut
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3520 in primo et principali doctore fidei.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="47139"><span class="ref">[47139] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3521 dicendum quod, sicut gratia gratum faciens ordinatur ad actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3522 meritorios tam interiores quam exteriores, ita gratia gratis data
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3523 ordinatur ad quosdam actus exteriores fidei manifestativos, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3524 est operatio miraculorum, et alia huiusmodi. In utraque autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3525 gratia Christus plenitudinem habuit, inquantum enim divinitati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3526 unita erat eius anima, plenam efficaciam habebat ad omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3527 praedictos actus perficiendos. Sed alii sancti, qui moventur a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3528 sicut instrumenta non unita, sed separata particulariter efficaciam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3529 recipiunt ad hos vel illos actus perficiendos. Et ideo in aliis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3530 sanctis huiusmodi gratiae dividuntur, non autem in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="47140"><span class="ref">[47140] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3531 dicendum quod Christus dicitur Dei virtus et Dei sapientia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3532 inquantum est aeternus Dei filius. Sic autem non competit sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3533 habere gratiam, sed potius esse gratiae largitorem. Competit autem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3534 sibi gratiam habere secundum humanam naturam.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="47141"><span class="ref">[47141] IIIª q. 7 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3535 dicendum quod donum linguarum datum est apostolis quia mittebantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3536 ad docendas omnes gentes. Christus autem in una sola Iudaeorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3537 gente voluit personaliter praedicare, secundum quod ipse dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3538 Matth. XV, <i>non sum missus nisi ad oves quae perierunt domus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3539 Israel</i>; et apostolus dicit, Rom. XV, <i>dico Iesum Christum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3540 ministrum fuisse circumcisionis</i>. Et ideo non oportuit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3541 loqueretur pluribus linguis. Nec tamen defuit ei omnium linguarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3542 notitia, cum etiam occulta cordium non essent ei abscondita, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3543 infra dicetur, quorum voces quaecumque sunt signa. Nec tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3544 inutiliter hanc notitiam habuit, sicut non inutiliter habet habitum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3545 qui eo non utitur quando non est opportunum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="47142"><span class="ref">[47142] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3546 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit prophetia. Prophetia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3547 enim importat quandam obscuram et imperfectam notitiam, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3548 illud Num. XII, <i>si quis fuerit inter vos propheta domini, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3549 somnium aut in visione loquar ad eum</i>. Sed Christus habuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3550 plenam et perfectam notitiam, multo magis quam Moyses, de quo ibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3551 subditur quod <i>palam, et non per aenigmata Deum vidit</i>. Non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3552 ergo debet in Christo poni prophetia.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="47143"><span class="ref">[47143] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3553 sicut fides est eorum quae non videntur, et spes eorum quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3554 habentur, ita prophetia est eorum quae non sunt praesentia, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3555 distant, nam propheta dicitur quasi procul fans. Sed in Christo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3556 ponitur fides neque spes, ut supra dictum est. Ergo etiam prophetia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3557 non debet poni in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="47144"><span class="ref">[47144] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3558 propheta est inferioris ordinis quam Angelus, unde et de Moyse, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3559 fuit supremus prophetarum, ut dictum est in secunda parte, Act. VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3560 dicitur quod <i>locutus est cum Angelo in solitudine</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3561 Christus non est minoratus ab Angelis secundum notitiam animae, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3562 solum secundum corporis passionem, ut dicitur Heb. II. Ergo videtur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3563 quod Christus non fuit propheta.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 s. c."><a name="47145"><span class="ref">[47145] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3564 quod de eo dicitur, Deut. XVIII, <i>prophetam suscitabit vobis Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3565 de fratribus vestris</i>. Et ipse de se dicit, Matth. XIII et Ioan.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3566 IV, <i>non est propheta sine honore nisi in patria sua</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 co."><a name="47146"><span class="ref">[47146] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3567 quod propheta dicitur quasi procul fans, vel procul videns,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3568 inquantum scilicet cognoscit et loquitur ea quae sunt procul ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3569 hominum sensibus; sicut etiam Augustinus dicit, XVI contra Faustum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3570 Est autem considerandum quod non potest dici aliquis propheta ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3571 hoc quod cognoscit et annuntiat ea quae sunt aliis procul, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3572 quibus ipse non est. Et hoc manifestum est secundum locum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3573 secundum tempus. Si enim aliquis in Gallia existens cognosceret et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3574 annuntiaret aliis in Gallia existentibus ea quae tunc in Syria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3575 agerentur, propheticum esset, sicut Elisaeus ad Giezi dixit IV Reg.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3576 V, quomodo vir descenderat de curru et occurrerat ei. Si vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3577 aliquis in Syria existens ea quae sunt ibi annuntiaret non esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3578 hoc propheticum. Et idem apparet secundum tempus. Propheticum enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3579 fuit quod Isaias praenuntiavit quod Cyrus, Persarum rex, templum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3580 Dei esset reaedificaturus, ut patet Isaiae XLIV, non autem fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3581 propheticum quod Esdras hoc scripsit, cuius tempore factum est. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3582 igitur Deus aut Angeli, vel etiam beati, cognoscunt et annuntiant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3583 ea quae sunt procul a nostra notitia, non pertinet ad prophetiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3584 quia in nullo nostrum statum attingunt. Christus autem ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3585 passionem nostrum statum attingebat, inquantum non solum erat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3586 comprehensor, sed etiam viator. Et ideo propheticum erat quod ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3587 quae erant procul ab aliorum viatorum notitia, et cognoscebat et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3588 annuntiabat. Et hac ratione dicitur in eo fuisse prophetia.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="47147"><span class="ref">[47147] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3589 dicendum quod per illa verba non ostenditur esse de ratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3590 prophetiae aenigmatica cognitio, quae scilicet est per somnium et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3591 in visione, sed ostenditur comparatio aliorum prophetarum, qui per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3592 somnium et in visione perceperunt divina, ad Moysen, qui palam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3593 non per aenigmata Deum vidit; qui tamen propheta est dictus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3594 secundum illud Deut. ult., <i>non surrexit ultra propheta in Israel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3595 sicut Moyses</i>. Potest tamen dici quod, etsi Christus habuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3596 plenam et apertam notitiam quantum ad partem intellectivam, habuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3597 tamen in parte imaginativa quasdam similitudines, in quibus etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3598 poterat speculari divina, inquantum non solum erat comprehensor,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3599 sed etiam viator.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="47148"><span class="ref">[47148] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3600 dicendum quod fides est eorum quae non videntur ab ipso credente.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3601 Similiter spes est eorum quae non habentur ab ipso sperante. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3602 prophetia est eorum quae sunt procul a communi hominum sensu, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3603 quibus propheta conversatur et communicat in statu viae. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3604 fides et spes repugnant perfectioni beatitudinis Christi, non autem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3605 prophetia.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="47149"><span class="ref">[47149] IIIª q. 7 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3606 dicendum quod Angelus, cum sit comprehensor, est supra prophetam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3607 qui est purus viator, non autem supra Christum, qui simul fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3608 viator et comprehensor.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 9</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="47150"><span class="ref">[47150] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3609 proceditur. Videtur quod non fuerit in Christo gratiae plenitudo. A
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3610 gratia enim derivantur virtutes, ut in secunda parte dictum est.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3611 Sed in Christo non fuerunt omnes virtutes, non enim fuit in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3612 fides neque spes, ut ostensum est. Ergo in Christo non fuit gratiae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3613 plenitudo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="47151"><span class="ref">[47151] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3614 sicut patet ex his quae in secunda parte dicta sunt, gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3615 dividitur in operantem et cooperantem. Operans autem gratia dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3616 per quam iustificatur impius. Quod quidem non habuit locum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3617 Christo, qui nunquam subiacuit alicui peccato. Ergo in Christo non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3618 fuit plenitudo gratiae.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="47152"><span class="ref">[47152] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, Iac.
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3619 I dicitur, <i>omne datum optimum, et omne donum perfectum, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3620 sursum est, descendens a patre luminum</i>. Sed quod descendit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3621 habetur particulariter, et non plene. Ergo nulla creatura, nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3622 etiam anima Christi, potest habere plenitudinem donorum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3623 gratiae.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 s. c."><a name="47153"><span class="ref">[47153] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3624 quod dicitur Ioan. I, <i>vidimus eum plenum gratiae et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3625 veritatis</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 co."><a name="47154"><span class="ref">[47154] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3626 quod plene dicitur haberi quod totaliter et perfecte habetur.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3627 Totalitas autem et perfectio potest attendi dupliciter. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3628 quantum ad quantitatem eius intensivam, puta si dicam aliquem plene
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3629 habere albedinem, si habeat eam quantumcumque nata est haberi. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3630 modo, secundum virtutem, puta si aliquis dicatur plene habere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3631 vitam, quia habet eam secundum omnes effectus vel opera vitae. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3632 sic plene habet vitam homo, non autem brutum animal, vel planta.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3633 Utroque autem modo Christus habuit gratiae plenitudinem. Primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3634 quidem, quia habuit eam in summo, secundum perfectissimum modum qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3635 potest haberi. Et hoc quidem apparet primo, ex propinquitate animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3636 Christi ad causam gratiae. Dictum est enim quod, quanto aliquod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3637 receptivum propinquius est causae influenti, abundantius recipit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3638 Et ideo anima Christi, quae propinquius coniungitur Deo inter omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3639 creaturas rationales, recipit maximam influentiam gratiae eius.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3640 Secundo, ex comparatione eius ad effectum. Sic enim recipiebat
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3641 anima Christi gratiam ut ex ea quodammodo transfunderetur in alios.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3642 Et ideo oportuit quod haberet maximam gratiam, sicut ignis, qui est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3643 causa caloris in omnibus calidis, est maxime calidus. Similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3644 etiam quantum ad virtutem gratiae, plene habuit gratiam, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3645 habuit eam ad omnes operationes vel effectus gratiae. Et hoc ideo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3646 quia conferebatur ei gratia tanquam cuidam universali principio in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3647 genere habentium gratias. Virtus autem primi principii alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3648 generis universaliter se extendit ad omnes effectus illius generis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3649 sicut sol, qui est universalis causa generationis, ut dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3650 Dionysius, IV cap. de Div. Nom., eius virtus se extendit ad omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3651 quae sub generatione cadunt. Et sic secunda plenitudo gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3652 attenditur in Christo, inquantum se extendit eius gratia ad omnes
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3653 gratiae effectus, qui sunt virtutes et dona et alia huiusmodi.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="47155"><span class="ref">[47155] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3654 dicendum quod fides et spes nominant effectus gratiae cum quodam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3655 defectu qui est ex parte recipientis gratiam, inquantum scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3656 fides est de non visis, et spes de non habitis. Unde non oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3657 quod in Christo, qui est auctor gratiae, fuerint defectus quos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3658 important fides et spes. Sed quidquid est perfectionis in fide et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3659 spe, est in Christo multo perfectius. Sicut in igne non sunt omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3660 modi caloris defectivi ex defectu subiecti, sed quidquid pertinet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3661 ad perfectionem caloris.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="47156"><span class="ref">[47156] IIIª q. 7 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3662 dicendum quod ad gratiam operantem per se pertinet facere iustum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3663 sed quod iustum faciat ex impio, hoc accidit ei ex parte subiecti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3664 in quo peccatum invenitur. Anima Christi igitur iustificata est per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3665 gratiam operantem, inquantum per eam facta est iusta et sancta a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3666 principio suae conceptionis, non quod ante fuerit peccatrix, aut
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3667 etiam non iusta.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 10</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="47157"><span class="ref">[47157] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3668 proceditur. Videtur quod plenitudo gratiae non sit propria Christi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3669 Quod enim est proprium alicui, sibi soli convenit. Sed esse plenum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3670 gratia quibusdam aliis attribuitur, dicitur enim, Luc. I, beatae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3671 virgini, <i>ave, gratia plena, dominus tecum</i>; dicitur etiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3672 Act. VI, <i>Stephanus autem plenus gratia et fortitudine</i>. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3673 plenitudo gratiae non est propria Christi.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="47158"><span class="ref">[47158] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, id
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3674 quod potest communicari aliis per Christum, non videtur proprium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3675 Christo. Sed plenitudo gratiae potest communicari per Christum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3676 aliis, dicit enim apostolus, Ephes. III, <i>ut impleamini in omnem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3677 plenitudinem Dei</i>. Ergo plenitudo gratiae non est propria
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3678 Christo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="47159"><span class="ref">[47159] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3679 status viae videtur proportionari statui patriae. Sed in statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3680 patriae erit quaedam plenitudo, quia <i>in illa caelesti patria,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3681 ubi est plenitudo omnis boni, licet quaedam data sint excellenter,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3682 nihil tamen possidetur singulariter</i> ut patet per Gregorium, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3683 homilia de centum ovibus. Ergo in statu viae gratiae plenitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3684 habetur a singulis hominibus. Et ita plenitudo gratiae non est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3685 propria Christo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 s. c."><a name="47160"><span class="ref">[47160] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3686 quod plenitudo gratiae attribuitur Christo inquantum est unigenitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3687 a patre, secundum illud Ioan. I, <i>vidimus eum, quasi unigenitum a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3688 patre, plenum gratiae et veritatis</i>. Sed esse unigenitum a patre
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3689 est proprium Christo. Ergo et sibi proprium est esse plenum gratiae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3690 et veritatis.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 co."><a name="47161"><span class="ref">[47161] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3691 dicendum quod plenitudo gratiae potest attendi dupliciter, uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3692 modo, ex parte ipsius gratiae; alio modo, ex parte habentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3693 gratiam. Ex parte quidem ipsius gratiae, dicitur esse plenitudo ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3694 eo quod aliquis pertingit ad summum gratiae et quantum ad essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3695 et quantum ad virtutem, quia scilicet habet gratiam et in maxima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3696 excellentia qua potest haberi, et in maxima extensione ad omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3697 gratiae effectus. Et talis gratiae plenitudo est propria Christo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3698 Ex parte vero subiecti, dicitur gratiae plenitudo quando aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3699 habet plene gratiam secundum suam conditionem, sive secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3700 intensionem, prout in eo est intensa gratia usque ad terminum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3701 praefixum ei a Deo, secundum illud Ephes. IV, <i>unicuique nostrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3702 data est gratia secundum mensuram donationis Christi</i>; sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3703 etiam secundum virtutem, inquantum scilicet habet facultatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3704 gratiae ad omnia quae pertinent ad suum statum sive officium, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3705 apostolus dicebat, Ephes. III, <i>mihi autem, omnium sanctorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3706 minimo, data est gratia haec, illuminare homines</i>, et cetera. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3707 talis gratiae plenitudo non est propria Christo, sed communicatur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3708 aliis per Christum.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="47162"><span class="ref">[47162] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3709 dicendum quod beata virgo dicitur gratia plena, non ex parte ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3710 gratiae, quia non habuit gratiam in summa excellentia qua potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3711 haberi, nec ad omnes effectus gratiae, sed dicitur fuisse plena
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3712 gratiae per comparationem ad ipsam, quia scilicet habebat gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3713 sufficientem ad statum illum ad quem erat electa a Deo, ut scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3714 esset mater Dei. Et similiter Stephanus dicitur plenus gratia, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3715 habebat gratiam sufficientem ad hoc quod esset idoneus minister et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3716 testis Dei, ad quod erat electus. Et eadem ratione dicendum est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3717 aliis. Harum tamen plenitudinum una est plenior alia, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3718 aliquis est divinitus praeordinatus ad altiorem vel inferiorem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3719 statum.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="47163"><span class="ref">[47163] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3720 dicendum quod apostolus ibi loquitur de illa plenitudine gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3721 quae accipitur ex parte subiecti, in comparatione ad id ad quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3722 homo est divinitus praeordinatus. Quod quidem est vel aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3723 commune, ad quod praeordinantur omnes sancti, vel aliquid speciale,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3724 quod pertinet ad excellentiam aliquorum. Et secundum hoc, quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3725 plenitudo gratiae est omnibus sanctis communis, ut scilicet habeant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3726 gratiam sufficientem ad merendum vitam aeternam, quae in plena Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3727 fruitione consistit. Et hanc plenitudinem optat apostolus fidelibus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3728 quibus scribit.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="47164"><span class="ref">[47164] IIIª q. 7 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3729 dicendum quod illa dona quae sunt communia in patria, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3730 visio, comprehensio et fruitio, et alia huiusmodi, habent quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3731 dona sibi correspondentia in statu viae, quae etiam sunt communia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3732 sanctis. Sunt tamen quaedam praerogativae sanctorum, in patria et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3733 in via, quae non habentur ab omnibus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 11</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 arg. 1"><a name="47165"><span class="ref">[47165] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 arg. 1</span></a> Ad undecimum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3734 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia Christi sit infinita. Omne enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3735 immensum est infinitum. Sed gratia Christi est immensa, dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3736 enim Ioan. III, non enim ad mensuram dat Deus spiritum, scilicet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3737 Christo. Ergo gratia Christi est infinita.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 arg. 2"><a name="47166"><span class="ref">[47166] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3738 effectus infinitus demonstrat virtutem infinitam, quae non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3739 fundari nisi in essentia infinita. Sed effectus gratiae Christi est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3740 infinitus, extendit enim se ad salutem totius humani generis; ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3741 enim <i>est propitiatio pro peccatis totius mundi</i>, ut dicitur I
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3742 Ioan. II. Ergo gratia Christi est infinita.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 arg. 3"><a name="47167"><span class="ref">[47167] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3743 omne finitum per additionem potest pervenire ad quantitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3744 cuiuscumque rei finitae. Si ergo gratia Christi est finita, posset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3745 alterius hominis gratia tantum crescere quod perveniret ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3746 aequalitatem gratiae Christi. Contra quod dicitur Iob XXVIII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3747 <i>non adaequabitur ei aurum vel vitrum</i>, secundum quod
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3748 Gregorius ibi exponit. Ergo gratia Christi est infinita.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 s. c."><a name="47168"><span class="ref">[47168] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3749 quod gratia Christi est quiddam creatum in anima. Sed omne creatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3750 est finitum, secundum illud Sap. XI, <i>omnia in numero, pondere et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3751 mensura disposuisti</i>. Ergo gratia Christi non est infinita.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 co."><a name="47169"><span class="ref">[47169] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3752 dicendum quod, sicut ex supra dictis patet, in Christo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3753 duplex gratia considerari. Una quidem est gratia unionis quae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3754 sicut supra dictum est, est ipsum uniri personaliter filio Dei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3755 quod est gratis concessum humanae naturae. Et hanc gratiam constat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3756 esse infinitam, secundum quod ipsa persona verbi est infinita. Alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3757 vero est gratia habitualis. Quae quidem potest dupliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3758 considerari. Uno modo, secundum quod est quoddam ens. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3759 necesse est quod sit ens finitum. Est enim in anima Christi sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3760 in subiecto. Anima autem Christi est creatura quaedam, habens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3761 capacitatem finitam. Unde esse gratiae, cum non excedat suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3762 subiectum, non potest esse infinitum. Alio modo potest considerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3763 secundum propriam rationem gratiae. Et sic gratia ipsa potest dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3764 infinita, eo quod non limitatur, quia scilicet habet quidquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3765 potest pertinere ad rationem gratiae, et non datur ei secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3766 aliquam certam mensuram id quod ad rationem gratiae pertinet; eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3767 quod, secundum propositum gratiae Dei, cuius est gratiam mensurare,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3768 gratia confertur animae Christi sicut cuidam universali principio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3769 gratificationis in humana natura, secundum illud Ephes. I,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3770 <i>gratificavit nos in dilecto filio suo</i>. Sicut si dicamus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3771 lucem solis esse infinitam, non quidem secundum suum esse, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3772 secundum rationem lucis, quia habet quidquid potest ad rationem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3773 lucis pertinere.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 ad 1"><a name="47170"><span class="ref">[47170] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3774 dicendum quod id quod dicitur, pater non ad mensuram dat spiritum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3775 filio, uno modo exponitur de dono quod Deus pater ab aeterno dedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3776 filio, scilicet divinam naturam, quae est donum infinitum. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3777 quaedam Glossa dicit, ibidem, <i>ut tantus sit filius quantus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3778 pater</i>. Alio modo, potest referri ad donum quod datum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3779 humanae naturae, ut uniatur divinae personae, quod est donum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3780 infinitum. Unde Glossa dicit ibidem, <i>sicut pater plenum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3781 perfectum genuit verbum, sic plenum et perfectum est unitum humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3782 naturae</i>. Tertio modo, potest referri ad gratiam habitualem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3783 inquantum gratia Christi se extendit ad omnia quae sunt gratiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3784 Unde Augustinus, hoc exponens, dicit, <i>mensura quaedam divisio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3785 donorum est, alii enim datur per spiritum sermo sapientiae, alii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3786 sermo scientiae. Sed Christus, qui dat, non ad mensuram
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3787 accepit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 ad 2"><a name="47171"><span class="ref">[47171] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3788 dicendum quod gratia Christi habet infinitum effectum tum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3789 infinitatem praedictam gratiae; tum propter unitatem divinae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3790 personae, cui anima Christi est unita.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 11 ad 3"><a name="47172"><span class="ref">[47172] IIIª q. 7 a. 11 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3791 dicendum quod minus per augmentum potest pervenire ad quantitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3792 maioris in his quae habent quantitatem unius rationis. Sed gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3793 alterius hominis comparatur ad gratiam Christi sicut quaedam virtus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3794 particularis ad universalem. Unde sicut virtus ignis, quantumcumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3795 crescat, non potest adaequari virtuti solis; ita gratia alterius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3796 hominis, quantumcumque crescat, non potest adaequari gratiae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3797 Christi.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 12</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 arg. 1"><a name="47173"><span class="ref">[47173] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 arg. 1</span></a> Ad duodecimum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3798 sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia Christi potuerit augeri. Omni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3799 enim finito potest fieri additio. Sed gratia Christi finita fuit,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3800 ut dictum est. Ergo potuit augeri.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 arg. 2"><a name="47174"><span class="ref">[47174] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3801 augmentum gratiae fit per virtutem divinam, secundum illud II Cor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3802 IX, <i>potens est Deus omnem gratiam abundare facere in vobis</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3803 Sed virtus divina, cum sit infinita, nullo termino coarctatur. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3804 videtur quod gratia Christi potuerit esse maior.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 arg. 3"><a name="47175"><span class="ref">[47175] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3805 Luc. II dicitur quod <i>puer Iesus proficiebat aetate, sapientia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3806 gratia apud Deum et homines</i>. Ergo gratia Christi potuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3807 augeri.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 s. c."><a name="47176"><span class="ref">[47176] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3808 quod dicitur Ioan. I, <i>vidimus eum, quasi unigenitum a patre,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3809 plenum gratiae et veritatis</i>. Sed nihil potest esse aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3810 intelligi maius quam quod aliquis sit unigenitus a patre. Ergo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3811 potest esse, vel etiam intelligi, maior gratia quam illa qua
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3812 Christus fuit plenus.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 co."><a name="47177"><span class="ref">[47177] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3813 dicendum quod aliquam formam non posse augeri contingit dupliciter,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3814 uno modo, ex parte ipsius subiecti; alio modo, ex parte illius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3815 formae. Ex parte quidem subiecti, quando subiectum attingit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3816 ultimum in participatione ipsius formae secundum suum modum sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3817 si dicatur quod aer non potest crescere in caliditate, quando
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3818 pertingit ad ultimum gradum caloris qui potest salvari in natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3819 aeris; licet possit esse maior calor in rerum natura, qui est calor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3820 ignis. Ex parte autem formae excluditur possibilitas augmenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3821 quando aliquod subiectum attingit ad ultimam perfectionem qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3822 potest talis forma haberi, sicut si dicamus quod calor ignis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3823 potest augeri, quia non potest esse perfectior gradus caloris quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3824 ille ad quem pertingit ignis. Sicut autem aliarum formarum est ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3825 divina sapientia determinata propria mensura, ita et gratiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3826 secundum illud Sap. XI, <i>omnia in numero, pondere et mensura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3827 disposuisti</i>. Mensura autem unicuique formae praefigitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3828 comparationem ad suum finem, sicut non est maior gravitas quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3829 gravitas terrae, quia non potest esse inferior locus loco terrae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3830 Finis autem gratiae est unio creaturae rationalis ad Deum. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3831 potest autem esse, nec intelligi, maior unio creaturae rationalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3832 ad Deum quam quae est in persona. Et ideo gratia Christi pertingit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3833 usque ad summam mensuram gratiae. Sic ergo manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3834 gratia Christi non potuit augeri ex parte ipsius gratiae. Sed neque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3835 ex parte ipsius subiecti. Quia Christus, secundum quod homo, a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3836 primo instanti suae conceptionis fuit verus et plenus comprehensor.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3837 Unde in eo non potuit esse gratiae augmentum, sicut nec in aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3838 beatis, quorum gratia augeri non potest, eo quod sunt in termino.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3839 Hominum vero qui sunt pure viatores, gratia potest augeri et ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3840 parte formae, quia non attingunt summum gratiae gradum, et ex parte
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3841 subiecti, quia nondum pervenerunt ad terminum.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 ad 1"><a name="47178"><span class="ref">[47178] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3842 dicendum quod, si loquamur de quantitatibus mathematicae, cuilibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3843 finitae quantitati potest fieri additio, quia ex parte quantitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3844 finitae non est aliquid quod repugnet additioni. Si vero loquamur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3845 de quantitate naturali, sic potest esse repugnantia ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3846 formae, cui debetur determinata quantitas, sicut et alia accidentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3847 determinata. Unde philosophus dicit II de anima, quod <i>omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3848 natura constantium est terminus et ratio magnitudinis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3849 augmenti</i>. Et inde est quod quantitati totius caeli non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3850 fieri additio. Multo igitur magis in ipsis formis consideratur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3851 aliquis terminus, ultra quem non transgrediuntur. Et propter hoc,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3852 non oportuit quod gratiae Christi posset fieri additio, quamvis sit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3853 finita secundum sui essentiam.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 ad 2"><a name="47179"><span class="ref">[47179] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3854 dicendum quod, licet virtus divina posset facere aliquid maius et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3855 melius quam sit habitualis gratia Christi, non tamen posset facere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3856 quod ordinaretur ad aliquid maius quam sit unio personalis ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3857 filium unigenitum a patre, cui unioni sufficienter correspondet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3858 talis mensura gratiae secundum definitionem divinae sapientiae.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 12 ad 3"><a name="47180"><span class="ref">[47180] IIIª q. 7 a. 12 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3859 dicendum quod in sapientia et gratia aliquis potest proficere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3860 dupliciter. Uno modo, secundum ipsos habitus sapientiae et gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3861 augmentatos. Et sic Christus in eis non proficiebat. Alio modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3862 secundum effectus, inquantum scilicet aliquis sapientiora et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3863 virtuosiora opera facit. Et sic Christus proficiebat sapientia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3864 gratia, sicut et aetate, quia secundum processum aetatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3865 perfectiora opera faciebat, ut se verum hominem demonstraret, et in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3866 his quae sunt ad Deum et in his quae sunt ad homines.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 13</h3><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 arg. 1"><a name="47181"><span class="ref">[47181] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 arg. 1</span></a> Ad
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3867 decimumtertium sic proceditur. Videtur quod gratia habitualis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3868 Christo non subsequatur unionem. Idem enim non sequitur ad seipsum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3869 Sed haec gratia habitualis videtur eadem esse cum gratia unionis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3870 dicit enim Augustinus, in libro de Praedest. sanctorum, <i>ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3871 gratia fit ab initio fidei suae homo quicumque Christianus, qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3872 gratia homo ille ab initio suo factus est Christus</i>; quorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3873 duorum primum pertinet ad gratiam habitualem, secundum ad gratiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3874 unionis. Ergo videtur quod gratia habitualis non subsequatur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3875 unionem.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 arg. 2"><a name="47182"><span class="ref">[47182] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3876 dispositio praecedit perfectionem tempore, vel saltem intellectu.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3877 Sed gratia habitualis videtur esse sicut quaedam dispositio humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3878 naturae ad unionem personalem. Ergo videtur quod gratia habitualis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3879 non subsequatur unionem, sed magis praecedat.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 arg. 3"><a name="47183"><span class="ref">[47183] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3880 commune est prius proprio. Sed gratia habitualis est communis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3881 Christo et aliis hominibus, gratia autem unionis est propria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3882 Christo. Ergo prior est, secundum intellectum, gratia habitualis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3883 quam ipsa unio. Non ergo sequitur eam.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 s. c."><a name="47184"><span class="ref">[47184] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3884 quod dicitur Isaiae XLII, <i>ecce servus meus, suscipiam eum</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3885 et postea sequitur, <i>dedi spiritum meum super eum</i>, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3886 quidem ad donum gratiae habitualis pertinet. Unde relinquitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3887 susceptio naturae humanae in unione personae praecedat gratiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3888 habitualem in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 co."><a name="47185"><span class="ref">[47185] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3889 dicendum quod unio humanae naturae ad divinam personam, quam supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3890 diximus esse ipsam gratiam unionis, praecedit gratiam habitualem in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3891 Christo, non ordine temporis, sed naturae et intellectus. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3892 triplici ratione. Primo quidem, secundum ordinem principiorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3893 utriusque. Principium enim unionis est persona filii assumens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3894 humanam naturam, quae secundum hoc dicitur missa esse in mundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3895 quod humanam naturam assumpsit. Principium autem gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3896 habitualis, quae cum caritate datur, est spiritus sanctus, qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3897 secundum hoc dicitur mitti quod per caritatem mentem inhabitat.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3898 Missio autem filii, secundum ordinem naturae, prior est missione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3899 spiritus sancti, sicut ordine naturae spiritus sanctus procedit a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3900 filio et a patre dilectio. Unde et unio personalis, secundum quam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3901 intelligitur missio filii, est prior, ordine naturae, gratia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3902 habituali, secundum quam intelligitur missio spiritus sancti.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3903 Secundo, accipitur ratio huius ordinis ex habitudine gratiae ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3904 suam causam. Gratia enim causatur in homine ex praesentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3905 divinitatis, sicut lumen in aere ex praesentia solis, unde dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3906 Ezech. XLIII, <i>gloria Dei Israel ingrediebatur per viam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3907 Orientalem, et terra splendebat a maiestate eius</i>. Praesentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3908 autem Dei in Christo intelligitur secundum unionem humanae naturae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3909 ad divinam personam. Unde gratia habitualis Christi intelligitur ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3910 consequens hanc unionem, sicut splendor solem. Tertia ratio huius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3911 ordinis assumi potest ex fine gratiae. Ordinatur enim ad bene
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3912 agendum. Actiones autem sunt suppositorum et individuorum. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3913 actio, et per consequens gratia ad ipsam ordinans, praesupponit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3914 hypostasim operantem. Hypostasis autem non praesupponitur in humana
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3915 natura ante unionem, ut ex supra dictis patet. Et ideo gratia
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3916 unionis, secundum intellectum, praecedit gratiam habitualem.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 ad 1"><a name="47186"><span class="ref">[47186] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3917 dicendum quod Augustinus ibi gratiam nominat gratuitam Dei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3918 voluntatem gratis beneficia largientem. Et propter hoc eadem gratia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3919 dicit hominem quemcumque fieri Christianum qua gratia factus est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3920 Christus homo, quia utrumque gratuita Dei voluntate, absque
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3921 meritis, factum est.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 ad 2"><a name="47187"><span class="ref">[47187] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3922 dicendum quod, sicut dispositio in via generationis praecedit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3923 perfectionem ad quam disposuit in his quae successive perficiuntur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3924 ita naturaliter perfectionem sequitur quam aliquis iam consecutus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3925 est, sicut calor, qui fuit dispositio ad formam ignis, est effectus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3926 profluens a forma ignis iam praeexistentis. Humana autem natura in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3927 Christo unita est personae verbi a principio absque successione.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3928 Unde gratia habitualis non intelligitur ut praecedens unionem, sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3929 ut consequens eam, sicut quaedam proprietas naturalis. Unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3930 Augustinus dicit, in Enchirid., quod <i>gratia est quodammodo
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3931 Christo homini naturalis</i>.</p><p title="III q. 7 a. 13 ad 3"><a name="47188"><span class="ref">[47188] IIIª q. 7 a. 13 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3932 dicendum quod commune est prius proprio si utrumque sit unius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3933 generis, sed in his quae sunt diversorum generum, nihil prohibet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3934 proprium prius esse communi. Gratia autem unionis non est in genere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3935 gratiae habitualis, sed est super omne genus, sicut et ipsa divina
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3936 persona. Unde hoc proprium nihil prohibet esse prius communi, quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3937 non se habet per additionem ad commune, sed potius est principium
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3938 et origo eius quod commune est.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q8"><h2>Quaestio 8</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 8 pr."><a name="47189"><span class="ref">[47189]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3939 IIIª q. 8 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de gratia
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3940 Christi secundum quod est caput Ecclesiae. Et circa hoc quaeruntur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3941 octo. Primo, utrum Christus sit caput Ecclesiae. Secundo, utrum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3942 caput hominum quantum ad corpus, vel solum quantum ad animas.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3943 Tertio, utrum sit caput omnium hominum. Quarto, utrum sit caput
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3944 Angelorum. Quinto, utrum gratia secundum quam est caput Ecclesiae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3945 sit eadem cum habituali eius secundum quod est quidam homo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3946 singularis. Sexto, utrum esse caput Ecclesiae sit proprium Christo.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3947 Septimo, utrum Diabolus sit caput omnium malorum. Octavo, utrum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3948 Antichristus etiam possit dici caput omnium malorum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47190"><span class="ref">[47190] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3949 proceditur. Videtur quod Christo, secundum quod est homo, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3950 competat esse caput Ecclesiae. Caput enim influit sensum et motum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3951 in membra. Sensus autem et motus spiritualis, qui est per gratiam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3952 non influitur nobis a Christo homine, quia, sicut dicit Augustinus,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3953 in XV de Trin., nec etiam Christus, secundum quod est homo, dat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3954 spiritum sanctum, sed solum inquantum est Deus. Ergo ei, secundum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3955 quod est homo, non competit esse caput Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47191"><span class="ref">[47191] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3956 capitis non videtur esse aliud caput. Sed Christi, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3957 est homo, caput est Deus, secundum illud I Cor. XI, <i>caput
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3958 Christi Deus</i>. Ergo ipse Christus non est caput.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47192"><span class="ref">[47192] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3959 caput in homine est quoddam particulare membrum influentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3960 recipiens a corde. Sed Christus est universale principium totius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3961 Ecclesiae. Ergo non est Ecclesiae caput.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47193"><span class="ref">[47193] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3962 quod dicitur Ephes. I, <i>ipsum dedit caput super omnem
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
3963 Ecclesiam</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 co."><a name="47194"><span class="ref">[47194] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3964 quod, sicut tota Ecclesia dicitur unum corpus mysticum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3965 similitudinem ad naturale corpus hominis, quod secundum diversa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3966 membra habet diversos actus, ut apostolus docet, Rom. XII et I Cor.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3967 XII; ita Christus dicitur caput Ecclesiae secundum similitudinem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3968 humani capitis. In quo tria possumus considerare, scilicet ordinem,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3969 perfectionem et virtutem. Ordinem, quia caput est prima pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3970 hominis, incipiendo a superiori. Et inde est quod omne principium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3971 consuevit vocari caput, secundum illud Ierem. II, <i>ad omne caput
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3972 viae posuisti lupanar tibi</i>. Perfectionem autem, quia in capite
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3973 vigent omnes sensus et interiores et exteriores, cum in ceteris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3974 membris sit solus tactus. Et inde est quod dicitur Isaiae IX,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3975 <i>senex et honorabilis ipse est caput</i>. Virtutem vero, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3976 virtus et motus ceterorum membrorum, et gubernatio eorum in suis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3977 actibus, est a capite, propter vim sensitivam et motivam ibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3978 dominantem. Unde et rector dicitur caput populi, secundum illud I
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3979 Reg. XV, <i>cum esses parvulus in oculis tuis, caput in tribubus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3980 Israel factus es</i>. Haec autem tria competunt Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3981 spiritualiter. Primo enim, secundum propinquitatem ad Deum gratia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3982 eius altior et prior est, etsi non tempore, quia omnes alii
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3983 acceperunt gratiam per respectum ad gratiam ipsius, secundum illud
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3984 Rom. VIII, <i>quos praescivit, hos et praedestinavit conformes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3985 fieri imaginis filii sui, ut sit ipse primogenitus in multis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3986 fratribus</i>. Secundo vero, perfectionem habet quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3987 plenitudinem omnium gratiarum, secundum illud Ioan. I, <i>vidimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3988 eum plenum gratiae et veritatis</i>, ut supra ostensum est. Tertio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3989 virtutem habuit influendi gratiam in omnia membra Ecclesiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3990 secundum illud Ioan. I, <i>de plenitudine eius omnes accepimus</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3991 Et sic patet quod convenienter dicitur Christus caput
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
3992 Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47195"><span class="ref">[47195] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3993 dicendum quod dare gratiam aut spiritum sanctum convenit Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3994 secundum quod Deus, auctoritative, sed instrumentaliter ei convenit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3995 secundum quod est homo, inquantum scilicet eius humanitas fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3996 <i>instrumentum divinitatis eius</i>. Et ita actiones ipsius ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3997 virtute divinitatis fuerunt nobis salutiferae, utpote gratiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3998 nobis causantes, et per meritum et per efficientiam quandam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3999 Augustinus autem negat Christum, secundum quod est homo, dare
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4000 spiritum sanctum per auctoritatem. Instrumentaliter autem, sive
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4001 ministerialiter, etiam alii sancti dicuntur dare spiritum sanctum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4002 secundum illud Galat. III, <i>qui tribuit vobis spiritum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4003 sanctum,</i> et cetera.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47196"><span class="ref">[47196] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4004 dicendum quod in metaphoricis locutionibus non oportet attendi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4005 similitudinem quantum ad omnia, sic enim non esset similitudo, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4006 rei veritas. Capitis igitur naturalis non est caput aliud, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4007 corpus humanum non est pars alterius corporis. Sed corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4008 similitudinarie dictum, idest aliqua multitudo ordinata, est pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4009 alterius multitudinis, sicut multitudo domestica est pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4010 multitudinis civilis. Et ideo paterfamilias, qui est caput
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4011 multitudinis domesticae, habet super se caput rectorem civitatis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4012 Et per hunc modum nihil prohibet caput Christi esse Deum, cum tamen
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4013 ipse sit caput Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47197"><span class="ref">[47197] IIIª q. 8 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4014 dicendum quod caput habet manifestam eminentiam respectu exteriorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4015 membrorum, sed cor habet quandam influentiam occultam. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4016 cordi comparatur spiritus sanctus, qui invisibiliter Ecclesiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4017 vivificat et unit, capiti comparatur Christus, secundum visibilem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4018 naturam, qua homo hominibus praefertur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47198"><span class="ref">[47198] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4019 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus non sit caput hominum quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4020 corpora. Christus enim dicitur caput Ecclesiae inquantum influit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4021 spiritualem sensum et motum gratiae in Ecclesiam. Sed huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4022 spiritualis sensus et motus capax non est corpus. Ergo non est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4023 caput hominum secundum corpora.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47199"><span class="ref">[47199] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4024 secundum corpora communicamus cum brutis. Si ergo Christus esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4025 caput hominum quantum ad corpora, sequeretur quod etiam esset caput
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4026 brutorum animalium. Quod est inconveniens.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47200"><span class="ref">[47200] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4027 Christus corpus suum ab aliis hominibus traxit, ut patet Matth. I
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4028 et Luc. III. Sed caput est primum inter cetera membra, ut dictum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4029 est. Ergo Christus non est caput Ecclesiae quantum ad corpora.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47201"><span class="ref">[47201] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4030 quod dicitur Philipp. III, <i>reformabit corpus humilitatis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4031 nostrae, configuratum corpori claritatis suae</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 co."><a name="47202"><span class="ref">[47202] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4032 quod corpus humanum habet naturalem ordinem ad animam rationalem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4033 quae est propria forma eius et motor. Et inquantum quidem est forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4034 eius, recipit ab anima vitam et ceteras proprietates convenientes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4035 humano corpori secundum suam speciem. Inquantum vero anima est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4036 motor corporis, corpus instrumentaliter servit animae. Sic ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4037 dicendum quod habet vim influendi Christi humanitas inquantum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4038 coniuncta Dei verbo, cui corpus unitur per animam, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4039 est. Unde tota Christi humanitas, secundum scilicet animam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4040 corpus, influit in homines et quantum ad animam et quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4041 corpus, sed principaliter quantum ad animam; secundario quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4042 corpus. Uno modo, inquantum membra corporis exhibentur arma
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4043 iustitiae in anima existenti per Christum, ut apostolus dicit, Rom.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4044 VI. Alio modo, inquantum vita gloriae ab anima derivatur ad corpus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4045 secundum illud Rom. VIII, <i>qui suscitavit Iesum a mortuis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4046 vivificabit et mortalia corpora vestra, propter inhabitantem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4047 spiritum eius in vobis</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47203"><span class="ref">[47203] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4048 dicendum quod sensus spiritualis gratiae non pervenit quidem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4049 corpus primo et principaliter, sed secundario et instrumentaliter,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4050 ut dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47204"><span class="ref">[47204] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4051 dicendum quod corpus animalis bruti nullam habitudinem habet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4052 animam rationalem, sicut habet corpus humanum. Et ideo non est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4053 simile.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47205"><span class="ref">[47205] IIIª q. 8 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4054 dicendum quod, licet Christus traxerit materiam corporis ab aliis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4055 hominibus, vitam tamen immortalem corporis omnes homines trahunt ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4056 ipso, secundum illud I Cor. XV, <i>sicut in Adam omnes moriuntur,
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4057 ita in Christo omnes vivificabuntur</i>.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47206"><span class="ref">[47206] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4058 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus non sit caput omnium hominum.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4059 Caput enim non habet relationem nisi ad membra sui corporis.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4060 Infideles autem nullo modo sunt membra Ecclesiae, <i>quae est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4061 corpus Christi</i>, ut dicitur Ephes. I. Ergo Christus non est
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4062 caput omnium hominum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47207"><span class="ref">[47207] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4063 apostolus dicit, Ephes. V, quod <i>Christus tradidit semetipsum pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4064 Ecclesia, ut ipse sibi exhiberet Ecclesiam gloriosam, non habentem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4065 maculam aut rugam aut aliquid huiusmodi</i>. Sed multi sunt, etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4066 fideles, in quibus invenitur macula aut ruga peccati. Ergo nec erit
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4067 omnium fidelium Christus caput.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47208"><span class="ref">[47208] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4068 sacramenta veteris legis comparantur ad Christum sicut umbra ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4069 corpus, ut dicitur Coloss. II. Sed patres veteris testamenti
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4070 sacramentis illis suo tempore serviebant, secundum illud Heb. VIII,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4071 <i>exemplari et umbrae deserviunt caelestium</i>. Non ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4072 pertinebant ad corpus Christi. Et ita Christus non est caput omnium
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4073 hominum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47209"><span class="ref">[47209] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4074 quod dicitur I Tim. IV, <i>salvator omnium est, et maxime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4075 fidelium</i>. Et I Ioan. II, <i>ipse est propitiatio pro peccatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4076 nostris, non autem pro nostris tantum, sed etiam pro totius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4077 mundi</i>. Salvare autem homines, aut propitiatorem esse pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4078 peccatis eorum, competit Christo secundum quod est caput. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4079 Christus est caput omnium hominum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 co."><a name="47210"><span class="ref">[47210] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4080 quod haec est differentia inter corpus hominis naturale et corpus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4081 Ecclesiae mysticum, quod membra corporis naturalis sunt omnia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4082 simul, membra autem corporis mystici non sunt omnia simul, neque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4083 quantum ad esse naturae, quia corpus Ecclesiae constituitur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4084 hominibus qui fuerunt a principio mundi usque ad finem ipsius;
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4085 neque etiam quantum ad esse gratiae, quia eorum etiam qui sunt in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4086 uno tempore, quidam gratia carent postmodum habituri, aliis eam iam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4087 habentibus. Sic igitur membra corporis mystici non solum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4088 accipiuntur secundum quod sunt in actu, sed etiam secundum quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4089 sunt in potentia. Quaedam tamen sunt in potentia quae nunquam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4090 reducuntur ad actum, quaedam vero quae quandoque reducuntur ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4091 actum, secundum hunc triplicem gradum, quorum unus est per fidem,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4092 secundus per caritatem viae, tertius per fruitionem patriae. Sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4093 ergo dicendum est quod, accipiendo generaliter secundum totum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4094 tempus mundi, Christus est caput omnium hominum, sed secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4095 diversos gradus. Primo enim et principaliter est caput eorum qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4096 actu uniuntur sibi per gloriam. Secundo, eorum qui actu uniuntur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4097 sibi per caritatem. Tertio, eorum qui actu uniuntur sibi per fidem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4098 Quarto vero, eorum qui sibi uniuntur solum potentia nondum ad actum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4099 reducta, quae tamen est ad actum reducenda, secundum divinam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4100 praedestinationem. Quinto vero, eorum qui in potentia sibi sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4101 uniti quae nunquam reducetur ad actum, sicut homines in hoc mundo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4102 viventes qui non sunt praedestinati. Qui tamen, ex hoc mundo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4103 recedentes, totaliter desinunt esse membra Christi, quia iam nec
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4104 sunt in potentia ut Christo uniantur.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47211"><span class="ref">[47211] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4105 dicendum quod illi qui sunt infideles, etsi actu non sint de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4106 Ecclesia, sunt tamen in potentia. Quae quidem potentia in duobus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4107 fundatur, primo quidem et principaliter, in virtute Christi, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4108 sufficiens est ad salutem totius humani generis; secundario, in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4109 arbitrii libertate.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47212"><span class="ref">[47212] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4110 dicendum quod esse Ecclesiam gloriosam, non habentem maculam neque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4111 rugam, est ultimus finis, ad quem perducimur per passionem Christi.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4112 Unde hoc erit in statu patriae, non autem in statu viae, in quo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4113 <i>si dixerimus quia peccatum non habemus, nosmetipsos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4114 seducimus</i>, ut dicitur I Ioan. I. Sunt tamen quaedam, scilicet
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4115 mortalia, quibus carent illi qui sunt membra Christi per actualem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4116 unionem caritatis. Qui vero his peccatis subduntur, non sunt membra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4117 Christi actualiter, sed potentialiter, nisi forte imperfecte, per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4118 fidem informem, quae unit Christo secundum quid et non simpliciter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4119 ut scilicet per Christum homo assequatur vitam gratiae; <i>fides
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4120 enim sine operibus mortua est</i>, ut dicitur Iac. II. Percipiunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4121 tamen tales a Christo quendam actum vitae, qui est credere, sicut
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4122 si membrum mortificatum moveatur aliqualiter ab homine.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47213"><span class="ref">[47213] IIIª q. 8 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4123 dicendum quod sancti patres non insistebant sacramentis legalibus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4124 tanquam quibusdam rebus, sed sicut imaginibus et umbris futurorum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4125 Idem autem est motus in imaginem, inquantum est imago, et in rem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4126 ut patet per philosophum, in libro de memoria et reminiscentia. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4127 ideo antiqui patres, servando legalia sacramenta, ferebantur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4128 Christum per fidem et dilectionem eandem qua et nos in ipsum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4129 ferimur. Et ita patres antiqui pertinebant ad idem corpus Ecclesiae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4130 ad quod nos pertinemus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47214"><span class="ref">[47214] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4131 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus, secundum quod homo, non sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4132 caput Angelorum. Caput enim et membra sunt unius naturae. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4133 Christus, secundum quod homo, non est conformis in natura cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4134 Angelis, sed solum cum hominibus, quia, ut dicitur Heb. II,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4135 <i>nusquam Angelos apprehendit, sed semen Abrahae apprehendit</i>.
53
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diff changeset
4136 Ergo Christus, secundum quod homo, non est caput Angelorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47215"><span class="ref">[47215] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4137 illorum Christus est caput qui pertinent ad Ecclesiam, <i>quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4138 corpus eius</i>, ut dicitur Ephes. I. Sed Angeli non pertinent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4139 Ecclesiam, nam Ecclesia est congregatio fidelium; fides autem non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4140 est in Angelis; non enim ambulant per fidem, sed per speciem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4141 alioquin peregrinarentur a domino, secundum quod apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4142 argumentatur, II Cor. V. Ergo Christus, secundum quod homo, non est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4143 caput Angelorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47216"><span class="ref">[47216] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4144 Augustinus dicit, super Ioan., quod sicut verbum quod erat a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4145 principio apud patrem, vivificat animas, ita verbum caro factum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4146 vivificat corpora, quibus Angeli carent. Sed verbum caro factum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4147 Christus secundum quod homo. Ergo Christus, secundum quod homo, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4148 influit vitam Angelis. Et ita, secundum quod homo, non est caput
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4149 Angelorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47217"><span class="ref">[47217] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4150 quod apostolus dicit, Coloss. II, <i>qui est caput omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4151 principatus et potestatis</i>. Et eadem ratio est de Angelis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4152 aliorum ordinum. Ergo Christus est caput Angelorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 co."><a name="47218"><span class="ref">[47218] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4153 quod, sicut dictum est, ubi est unum corpus, necesse est ponere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4154 unum caput. Unum autem corpus similitudinarie dicitur una multitudo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4155 ordinata in unum secundum distinctos actus sive officia. Manifestum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4156 est autem quod ad unum finem, qui est gloria divinae fruitionis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4157 ordinantur et homines et Angeli. Unde corpus Ecclesiae mysticum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4158 solum consistit ex hominibus, sed etiam ex Angelis. Totius autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4159 huius multitudinis Christus est caput, quia propinquius se habet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4160 Deum, et perfectius participat dona ipsius, non solum quam homines,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4161 sed etiam quam Angeli; et de eius influentia non solum homines
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4162 recipiunt, sed etiam Angeli. Dicitur enim Ephes. I, quod constituit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4163 eum, scilicet Christum Deus pater, <i>ad dexteram suam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4164 caelestibus, supra omnem principatum et potestatem et virtutem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4165 dominationem, et omne nomen quod nominatur non solum in hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4166 saeculo, sed etiam in futuro, et omnia subiecit sub pedibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4167 eius</i>. Et ideo Christus non solum est caput hominum, sed etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4168 Angelorum. Unde Matth. IV legitur quod <i>accesserunt Angeli et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4169 ministrabant ei</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47219"><span class="ref">[47219] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4170 dicendum quod influentia Christi super omnes homines principaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4171 quidem est quantum ad animas, secundum quas homines conveniunt cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4172 Angelis in natura generis, licet non in natura speciei. Et huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4173 conformitatis ratione Christus potest dici caput Angelorum, licet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4174 deficiat conformitas quantum ad corpora.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47220"><span class="ref">[47220] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4175 dicendum quod Ecclesia secundum statum viae est congregatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4176 fidelium, sed secundum statum patriae est congregatio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4177 comprehendentium. Christus autem non solum fuit viator, sed etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4178 comprehensor. Et ideo non solum fidelium, sed etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4179 comprehendentium est caput, utpote plenissime habens gratiam et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4180 gloriam.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47221"><span class="ref">[47221] IIIª q. 8 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4181 dicendum quod Augustinus ibi loquitur secundum quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4182 assimilationem causae ad effectum, prout scilicet res corporalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4183 agit in corpora, et res spiritualis in res spirituales. Tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4184 humanitas Christi, ex virtute spiritualis naturae, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4185 divinae, potest aliquid causare non solum in spiritibus hominum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4186 sed etiam in spiritibus Angelorum, propter maximam coniunctionem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4187 eius ad Deum, scilicet secundum unionem personalem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="47222"><span class="ref">[47222] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4188 proceditur. Videtur quod non sit eadem gratia qua Christus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4189 caput Ecclesiae, cum gratia singulari illius hominis. Dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4190 apostolus, Rom. V, <i>si unius delicto multi mortui sunt, multo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4191 magis gratia Dei et donum in gratia unius hominis Iesu Christi in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4192 plures abundavit</i>. Sed aliud est peccatum actuale ipsius Adae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4193 et aliud peccatum originale, quod traduxit in posteros. Ergo alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4194 est gratia personalis, quae est propria ipsius Christi, et alia est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4195 gratia eius inquantum est caput Ecclesiae, quae ab ipso ad alios
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4196 derivatur.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="47223"><span class="ref">[47223] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4197 habitus distinguuntur secundum actus. Sed ad alium actum ordinatur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4198 in Christo gratia eius personalis, scilicet ad sanctificationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4199 illius animae, et ad alium actum ordinatur gratia capitis, scilicet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4200 ad sanctificandum alios. Ergo alia est gratia personalis ipsius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4201 Christi, et alia est gratia eius inquantum est caput Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="47224"><span class="ref">[47224] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4202 sicut supra dictum est, in Christo distinguitur triplex gratia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4203 scilicet gratia unionis, gratia capitis, et gratia singularis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4204 illius hominis. Sed gratia singularis Christi est alia a gratia
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4205 unionis. Ergo est etiam alia a gratia capitis.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 s. c."><a name="47225"><span class="ref">[47225] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4206 quod dicitur Ioan. I, <i>de plenitudine eius omnes accepimus</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4207 Secundum hoc autem est caput nostrum, quod ab eo accipimus. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4208 secundum hoc quod habet plenitudinem gratiae, est caput nostrum.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4209 Plenitudinem autem gratiae habuit secundum quod perfecte fuit in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4210 illo gratia personalis, ut supra dictum est. Ergo secundum gratiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4211 personalem est caput nostrum. Et ita non est alia gratia capitis,
53
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diff changeset
4212 et alia gratia personalis.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 co."><a name="47226"><span class="ref">[47226] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4213 quod unumquodque agit inquantum est ens actu. Oportet autem quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4214 sit idem actu quo aliquid est actu, et quo agit, et sic idem est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4215 calor quo ignis est calidus, et quo calefacit. Non tamen omnis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4216 actus quo aliquid est actu, sufficit ad hoc quod sit principium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4217 agendi in alia, cum enim <i>agens sit praestantius patiente</i>, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4218 Augustinus dicit, XII super Gen. ad Litt., et philosophus, in III
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4219 de anima, oportet quod agens in alia habeat actum secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4220 eminentiam quandam. Dictum est autem supra quod in anima Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4221 recepta est gratia secundum maximam eminentiam. Et ideo ex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4222 eminentia gratiae quam accepit, competit sibi quod gratia illa ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4223 alios derivetur. Quod pertinet ad rationem capitis. Et ideo eadem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4224 est secundum essentiam gratia personalis qua anima Christi est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4225 iustificata, et gratia eius secundum quam est caput Ecclesiae
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4226 iustificans alios, differt tamen secundum rationem.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="47227"><span class="ref">[47227] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4227 dicendum quod peccatum originale in Adam, quod est peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4228 naturae, derivatum est a peccato actuali ipsius, quod est peccatum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4229 personale, quia in eo persona corrupit naturam; qua corruptione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4230 mediante, peccatum primi hominis derivatur ad posteros, secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4231 quod natura corrupta corrumpit personam. Sed gratia non derivatur a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4232 Christo in nos mediante natura humana, sed per solam personalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4233 actionem ipsius Christi. Unde non oportet in Christo distinguere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4234 duplicem gratiam, quarum una respondeat naturae, alia personae,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4235 sicut in Adam distinguitur peccatum naturae et personae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="47228"><span class="ref">[47228] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4236 dicendum quod diversi actus quorum unus est ratio et causa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4237 alterius, non diversificant habitum. Actus autem personalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4238 gratiae, qui est sanctum facere formaliter habentem, est ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4239 iustificationis aliorum, quae pertinet ad gratiam capitis. Et inde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4240 est quod per huiusmodi differentiam non diversificatur essentia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4241 habitus.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="47229"><span class="ref">[47229] IIIª q. 8 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4242 dicendum quod gratia personalis et gratia capitis ordinantur ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4243 aliquem actum, gratia autem unionis non ordinatur ad actum, sed ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4244 esse personale. Et ideo gratia personalis et gratia capitis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4245 conveniunt in essentia habitus, non autem gratia unionis. Quamvis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4246 gratia personalis possit quodammodo dici gratia unionis, prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4247 facit congruitatem quandam ad unionem. Et secundum hoc, una per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4248 essentiam est gratia unionis et gratia capitis et gratia singularis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4249 personae, sed differens sola ratione.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="47230"><span class="ref">[47230] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4250 proceditur. Videtur quod esse caput Ecclesiae non sit proprium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4251 Christo. Dicitur enim I Reg. XV, <i>cum esses parvulus in oculis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4252 tuis, caput in tribubus Israel factus es</i>. Sed una est Ecclesia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4253 in novo et in veteri testamento. Ergo videtur quod, eadem ratione,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4254 alius homo praeter Christum potest esse caput Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="47231"><span class="ref">[47231] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ex
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4255 hoc Christus dicitur caput Ecclesiae quod gratiam influit Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4256 membris. Sed etiam ad alios pertinet gratiam aliis praebere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4257 secundum illud Ephes. IV, <i>omnis sermo malus ab ore vestro non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4258 procedat, sed si quis bonus est ad aedificationem fidei, ut det
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4259 gratiam audientibus</i>. Ergo videtur quod etiam alii quam Christo
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4260 competat esse caput Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="47232"><span class="ref">[47232] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4261 Christus, ex eo quod praeest Ecclesiae, non solum dicitur caput,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4262 sed etiam pastor et fundamentum Ecclesiae. Sed non soli sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4263 Christus retinuit nomen pastoris, secundum illud I Pet. V, <i>cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4264 apparuerit princeps pastorum, percipietis immarcescibilem gloriae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4265 coronam</i>. Nec etiam nomen fundamenti, secundum illud Apoc. XXI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4266 <i>murus civitatis habens fundamenta duodecim</i>. Ergo videtur
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4267 quod nec etiam nomen capitis sibi soli retinuerit.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 s. c."><a name="47233"><span class="ref">[47233] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4268 quod dicitur Coloss. II, <i>caput Ecclesiae est ex quo corpus, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4269 nexus et coniunctiones subministratum et constructum, crescit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4270 augmentum Dei</i>. Sed hoc soli Christo convenit. Ergo solus
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4271 Christus est caput Ecclesiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 co."><a name="47234"><span class="ref">[47234] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4272 quod caput in alia membra influit dupliciter. Uno modo, quodam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4273 intrinseco influxu, prout virtus motiva et sensitiva a capite
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4274 derivatur ad cetera membra. Alio modo, secundum exteriorem quandam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4275 gubernationem, prout scilicet secundum visum et alios sensus, qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4276 in capite radicantur, dirigitur homo in exterioribus actibus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4277 Interior autem effluxus gratiae non est ab aliquo nisi a solo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4278 Christo, cuius humanitas, ex hoc quod est divinitati adiuncta,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4279 habet virtutem iustificandi. Sed influxus in membra Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4280 quantum ad exteriorem gubernationem, potest aliis convenire. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4281 secundum hoc, aliqui alii possunt dici capita Ecclesiae, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4282 illud Amos VI, <i>optimates capita populorum</i>. Differenter tamen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4283 a Christo. Primo quidem, quantum ad hoc, quod Christus est caput
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4284 omnium eorum qui ad Ecclesiam pertinent secundum omnem locum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4285 tempus et statum, alii autem homines dicuntur capita secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4286 quaedam specialia loca, sicut episcopi suarum Ecclesiarum; vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4287 etiam secundum determinatum tempus, sicut Papa est caput totius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4288 Ecclesiae, scilicet tempore sui pontificatus; et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4289 determinatum statum, prout scilicet sunt in statu viatoris. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4290 modo, secundum quod Christus est caput Ecclesiae propria virtute et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4291 auctoritate, alii vero dicuntur capita inquantum vicem gerunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4292 Christi; secundum illud II Cor. II, <i>nam et ego, quod donavi, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4293 quid donavi, propter vos, in persona Christi</i>; et II Cor. V,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4294 <i>pro Christo legatione fungimur, tanquam Deo exhortante per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4295 nos</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="47235"><span class="ref">[47235] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4296 dicendum quod verbum illud intelligitur secundum quod ratio capitis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4297 consideratur ex exteriori gubernatione, prout rex dicitur caput
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4298 regni sui.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="47236"><span class="ref">[47236] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4299 dicendum quod homo non dat gratiam interius influendo sed exterius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4300 persuadendo ad ea quae sunt gratiae.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="47237"><span class="ref">[47237] IIIª q. 8 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4301 dicendum quod, sicut dicit Augustinus, super Ioan., <i>si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4302 praepositi Ecclesiae pastores sunt, quomodo unus pastor est, nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4303 quia sunt illi omnes unius membra pastoris?</i> Et similiter alii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4304 possunt dici fundamenta et capita, inquantum sunt unius capitis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4305 fundamenti membra. Et tamen, sicut Augustinus ibidem dicit, <i>quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4306 pastor est, dedit membris suis, ostium vero se nemo nostrum dicit;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4307 hoc sibi ipse proprium tenuit</i>. Et hoc ideo quia in ostio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4308 importatur principalis auctoritas, inquantum ostium est per quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4309 omnes ingrediuntur in domum, et ipse solus Christus est <i>per quem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4310 accessum habemus in gratiam istam in qua stamus</i>. Per alia vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4311 nomina praedicta potest importari auctoritas non solum principalis,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4312 sed etiam secundaria.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="47238"><span class="ref">[47238] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4313 proceditur. Videtur quod Diabolus non sit caput malorum. Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4314 rationem enim capitis pertinet quod influat sensum et motum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4315 membra, ut dicit quaedam Glossa, ad Ephes. I, super illud, <i>ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4316 dedit caput</i>, et cetera. Sed Diabolus non habet virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4317 influendi malitiam peccati, quod ex voluntate peccantis procedit.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4318 Ergo Diabolus non potest dici caput malorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="47239"><span class="ref">[47239] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, per
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4319 quodlibet peccatum fit homo malus. Sed non omnia peccata sunt a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4320 Diabolo. Quod quidem manifestum est de peccatis Daemonum, qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4321 ex persuasione alterius peccaverunt. Similiter etiam nec omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4322 peccatum hominis ex Diabolo procedit, dicitur enim in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4323 ecclesiasticis dogmatibus, <i>non omnes cogitationes nostrae malae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4324 semper Diaboli instinctu excitantur, sed aliquoties ex motu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4325 arbitrii nostri emergunt</i>. Ergo Diabolus non est caput omnium
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4326 malorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="47240"><span class="ref">[47240] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, unum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4327 caput uni corpori praeficitur. Sed tota multitudo malorum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4328 videtur habere aliquid in quo uniantur, quia <i>malum malo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4329 contingit esse contrarium</i>; contingit enim ex diversis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4330 defectibus, ut Dionysius dicit, IV cap. de Div. Nom. Ergo Diabolus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4331 non potest dici caput omnium malorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 s. c."><a name="47241"><span class="ref">[47241] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4332 quod, super illud Iob XVIII, <i>memoria illius pereat de terra</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4333 dicit Glossa, <i>de unoquoque iniquo dicitur ut ad caput, idest
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4334 Diabolum, revertatur</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 co."><a name="47242"><span class="ref">[47242] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4335 quod, sicut supra dictum est, caput non solum interius influit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4336 membris, sed etiam exterius gubernat, eorum actus dirigendo ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4337 aliquem finem. Sic igitur potest dici aliquis caput alicuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4338 multitudinis vel secundum utrumque, scilicet secundum interiorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4339 influxum et exteriorem gubernationem, et sic est Christus caput
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4340 Ecclesiae, ut dictum est. Vel secundum solam exteriorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4341 gubernationem, et sic quilibet princeps vel praelatus est caput
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4342 multitudinis sibi subiectae. Et per hunc modum dicitur Diabolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4343 caput omnium malorum, nam, ut dicitur Iob XLI, <i>ipse est rex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4344 super omnes filios superbiae</i>. Pertinet autem ad gubernatorem ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4345 eos quos gubernat ad suum finem perducat. Finis autem Diaboli est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4346 aversio rationalis creaturae a Deo, unde a principio hominem ab
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4347 obedientia divini praecepti removere tentavit. Ipsa autem aversio a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4348 Deo habet rationem finis inquantum appetitur sub specie libertatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4349 secundum illud Ierem. II, <i>a saeculo confregisti iugum, rupisti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4350 vincula, dixisti, non serviam</i>. Inquantum igitur ad hunc finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4351 aliqui adducuntur peccando, sub Diaboli regimine et gubernatione
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4352 cadunt. Et ex hoc dicitur eorum caput.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="47243"><span class="ref">[47243] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4353 dicendum quod, licet Diabolus non influat interius rationali menti,
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4354 tamen suggerendo inducit ad malum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="47244"><span class="ref">[47244] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4355 dicendum quod gubernator non semper suggerit singulis ut eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4356 voluntati obediant, sed proponit omnibus signum suae voluntatis, ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4357 cuius sequelam aliqui excitantur inducti, alii sponte propria,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4358 sicut patet in duce exercitus, cuius vexillum sequuntur milites
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4359 etiam nullo persuadente. Sic igitur primum peccatum Diaboli, <i>qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4360 ab initio peccat</i>, ut dicitur I Ioan. III, propositum est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4361 omnibus ad sequendum, quod quidam imitantur per suggestionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4362 ipsius, quidam propria sponte absque ulla suggestione. Et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4363 hoc, omnium malorum caput est Diabolus, inquantum illum imitantur,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4364 secundum illud Sap. II, <i>invidia Diaboli mors introivit in orbem
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4365 terrarum, imitantur autem illum qui sunt ex parte illius</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="47245"><span class="ref">[47245] IIIª q. 8 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4366 dicendum quod omnia peccata conveniunt in aversione a Deo, licet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4367 invicem differant secundum conversionem ad diversa commutabilia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4368 bona.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="47246"><span class="ref">[47246] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4369 proceditur. Videtur quod Antichristus non sit caput malorum. Unius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4370 enim corporis non sunt diversa capita. Sed Diabolus est caput
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4371 multitudinis malorum. Non ergo Antichristus est eorum caput.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="47247"><span class="ref">[47247] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4372 Antichristus est membrum Diaboli. Sed caput distinguitur a membris.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4373 Ergo Antichristus non est caput malorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="47248"><span class="ref">[47248] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4374 caput habet influentiam in membra. Sed Antichristus nullam habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4375 influentiam in malos homines qui eum praecesserunt. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4376 Antichristus non est caput malorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 s. c."><a name="47249"><span class="ref">[47249] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4377 quod Iob XXI, super illud, <i>interrogate quemlibet de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4378 viatoribus</i>, dicit Glossa, <i>dum de omnium malorum corpore
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4379 loqueretur, subito ad omnium iniquorum caput, Antichristum, verba
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4380 convertit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 co."><a name="47250"><span class="ref">[47250] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4381 quod, sicut supra dictum est, in capite naturali tria inveniuntur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4382 scilicet ordo, perfectio et virtus influendi. Quantum ergo ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4383 ordinem temporis, non dicitur esse Antichristus caput malorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4384 quasi eius peccatum praecesserit, sicut praecessit peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4385 Diaboli. Similiter etiam non dicitur esse malorum caput propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4386 virtutem influendi. Si enim aliquos sui temporis ad malum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4387 conversurus, exterius inducendo; non tamen illi qui ante eum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4388 fuerunt, ab ipso sunt in malitiam inducti, nec eius malitiam sunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4389 imitati. Unde secundum hoc non posset dici caput omnium malorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4390 sed aliquorum. Relinquitur igitur quod dicatur caput omnium malorum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4391 propter malitiae perfectionem. Unde super illud II Thess. II,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4392 <i>ostendens se tanquam sit Deus</i>, dicit Glossa, <i>sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4393 Christo omnis plenitudo divinitatis inhabitavit, ita in Antichristo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4394 plenitudo omnis malitiae</i>, non quidem ita quod humanitas eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4395 sit assumpta a Diabolo in unitate personae, sicut humanitas Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4396 a filio Dei; sed quia Diabolus malitiam suam eminentius ei influit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4397 suggerendo quam omnibus aliis. Et secundum hoc, omnes alii mali qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4398 praecesserunt sunt quasi quaedam figura Antichristi, secundum illud
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4399 II Thess. II, <i>mysterium iam operatur iniquitatis</i>.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="47251"><span class="ref">[47251] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4400 dicendum quod Diabolus et Antichristus non sunt duo capita, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4401 unum, quia Antichristus dicitur esse caput inquantum plenissime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4402 invenitur in eo impressa malitia Diaboli. Unde super illud II
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4403 Thess. II, <i>ostendens se tanquam sit Deus</i>, dicit Glossa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4404 <i>in ipso erit caput omnium malorum, scilicet Diabolus, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4405 rex super omnes filios superbiae</i>. Non autem dicitur in eo esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4406 per unionem personalem; nec per intrinsecam habitationem, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4407 <i>sola Trinitas menti illabitur</i>, ut dicitur in libro de
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4408 ecclesiasticis dogmatibus, sed per malitiae effectum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="47252"><span class="ref">[47252] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4409 dicendum quod, sicut caput Christi est Deus, et tamen ipse est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4410 caput Ecclesiae, ut supra dictum est; ita Antichristus est membrum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4411 Diaboli, et tamen ipse est caput malorum.</p><p title="III q. 8 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="47253"><span class="ref">[47253] IIIª q. 8 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4412 dicendum quod Antichristus non dicitur caput omnium malorum propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4413 similitudinem influentiae, sed propter similitudinem perfectionis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4414 In eo enim Diabolus quasi malitiam suam ducet ad caput, per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4415 quo dicitur aliquis ad caput propositum suum ducere, cum illud
53
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diff changeset
4416 perfecerit.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q9"><h2>Quaestio 9</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 9 pr."><a name="47254"><span class="ref">[47254]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4417 IIIª q. 9 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de scientia
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4418 Christi. Circa quam duo consideranda sunt, primo, quam scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4419 Christus habuerit; secundo, de unaquaque scientiarum ipsius. Circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4420 primum quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum Christus habuerit aliquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4421 scientiam praeter divinam. Secundo, utrum habuerit scientiam quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4422 habent beati vel comprehensores. Tertio, utrum habuerit scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4423 inditam vel infusam. Quarto, utrum habuerit aliquam scientiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4424 acquisitam.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47255"><span class="ref">[47255] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4425 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit aliqua scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4426 praeter divinam. Ad hoc enim necessaria est scientia ut per eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4427 aliqua cognoscantur. Sed Christus per scientiam divinam cognoscebat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4428 omnia. Superfluum igitur fuisset quod in eo esset quaedam alia
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4429 scientia.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47256"><span class="ref">[47256] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, lux
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4430 minor per maiorem offuscatur. Sed omnis scientia creata comparatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4431 ad scientiam Dei increatam sicut lux minor ad maiorem. Ergo in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4432 Christo non refulsit alia scientia quam divina.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47257"><span class="ref">[47257] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, unio
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4433 humanae naturae ad divinam facta est in persona, ut ex supra dictis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4434 patet. Ponitur autem in Christo, secundum quosdam, quaedam scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4435 unionis, per quam scilicet Christus ea quae ad mysterium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4436 incarnationis pertinent plenius scivit quam aliquis alius. Cum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4437 unio personalis contineat duas naturas, videtur quod in Christo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4438 sint duae scientiae, sed una tantum scientia pertinens ad utramque
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4439 naturam.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47258"><span class="ref">[47258] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4440 quod Ambrosius dicit, in libro de incarnatione, <i>Deus in carne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4441 perfectionem humanae naturae assumpsit, suscepit sensum hominis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4442 sed non sensum carnis inflatum</i>. Sed ad sensum hominis pertinet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4443 scientia creata. Ergo in eo fuit alia scientia praeter divinam.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 co."><a name="47259"><span class="ref">[47259] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4444 quod, sicut ex supra dictis patet, filius Dei humanam naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4445 integram assumpsit, idest, non corpus solum, sed etiam animam; non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4446 solum sensitivam, sed etiam rationalem. Et ideo oportuit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4447 haberet scientiam creatam, propter tria. Primo quidem, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4448 animae perfectionem. Anima enim, secundum se considerata, est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4449 potentia ad intelligibilia cognoscenda, est enim <i>sicut tabula in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4450 qua nihil est scriptum</i>; et tamen possibile est in ea scribi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4451 propter intellectum possibilem, <i>in quo est omnia fieri</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4452 dicitur in III de anima. Quod autem est in potentia, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4453 imperfectum nisi reducatur ad actum. Non autem fuit conveniens ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4454 filius Dei humanam naturam imperfectam assumeret, sed perfectam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4455 utpote qua mediante, totum humanum genus erat ad perfectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4456 reducendum. Et ideo oportuit quod anima Christi esset perfecta per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4457 aliquam scientiam, quae esset proprie perfectio eius. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4458 oportuit in Christo esse aliquam scientiam praeter scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4459 divinam. Alioquin anima Christi esset imperfectior omnibus animabus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4460 aliorum hominum. Secundo quia, cum quaelibet res sit propter suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4461 operationem, ut dicitur in II de caelo et mundo, frustra haberet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4462 Christus animam intellectualem, si non intelligeret secundum illam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4463 Quod pertinet ad scientiam creatam. Tertio, quia aliqua scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4464 creata pertinet ad animae humanae naturam, scilicet illa per quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4465 naturaliter cognoscimus prima principia, scientiam enim hic large
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4466 accipimus pro qualibet cognitione intellectus humani. Nihil autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4467 naturalium Christo defuit, quia totam humanam naturam suscepit, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4468 supra dictum est. Et ideo in sexta synodo damnata est positio
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4469 negantium in Christo duas esse scientias, vel duas sapientias.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47260"><span class="ref">[47260] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4470 dicendum quod Christus cognovit omnia per scientiam divinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4471 operatione increata, quae est ipsa Dei essentia, Dei enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4472 intelligere est sua substantia, ut probatur in XII Metaphys. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4473 hic actus non potuit esse animae humanae Christi, cum sit alterius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4474 naturae. Si igitur non fuisset in anima Christi alia scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4475 praeter divinam, nihil cognovisset. Et ita frustra fuisset
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4476 assumpta, cum <i>res sit propter suam operationem</i>.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47261"><span class="ref">[47261] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4477 dicendum quod, si duo lumina accipiantur eiusdem ordinis, minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4478 offuscatur per maius, sicut lumen solis offuscat lumen candelae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4479 quorum utrumque accipitur in ordine illuminantis. Sed si accipiatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4480 maius in ordine illuminantis et minus in ordine illuminati, minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4481 lumen non offuscatur per maius, sed magis augetur, sicut lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4482 aeris per lumen solis. Et hoc modo lumen scientiae non offuscatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4483 sed clarescit in anima Christi per lumen scientiae divinae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4484 est <i>lux vera illuminans omnem hominem venientem in hunc
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4485 mundum</i>, ut dicitur Ioan. I.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47262"><span class="ref">[47262] IIIª q. 9 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4486 dicendum quod, ex parte unitorum, ponitur scientia in Christo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4487 quantum ad naturam divinam et quantum ad humanam, ita quod per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4488 unionem, secundum quam est eadem hypostasis Dei et hominis, id quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4489 est Dei attribuitur homini, et id quod est hominis attribuitur Deo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4490 ut supra dictum est. Sed ex parte ipsius unionis non potest poni in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4491 Christo aliqua scientia. Nam unio illa est ad esse personale,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4492 scientia autem non convenit personae nisi ratione alicuius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4493 naturae.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47263"><span class="ref">[47263] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4494 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit scientia beatorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4495 vel comprehensorum. Scientia enim beatorum est per participationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4496 divini luminis, secundum illud Psalmi, <i>in lumine tuo videbimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4497 lumen</i>. Sed Christus non habuit lumen divinum tanquam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4498 participatum, sed ipsam divinitatem in se habuit substantialiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4499 manentem, secundum illud Coloss. II, <i>in ipso habitat omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4500 plenitudo divinitatis corporaliter</i>. Ergo in ipso non fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4501 scientia beatorum.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47264"><span class="ref">[47264] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4502 scientia beatorum eos beatos facit, secundum illud Ioan. XVII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4503 <i>haec est vita aeterna, ut cognoscant te, verum Deum, et quem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4504 misisti, Iesum Christum</i>. Sed homo ille fuit beatus ex hoc ipso
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4505 quod fuit Deo unitus in persona, secundum illud Psalmi, <i>beatus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4506 quem elegisti et assumpsisti</i>. Non ergo oportet ponere in ipso
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4507 scientiam beatorum.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47265"><span class="ref">[47265] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4508 duplex scientia homini competit, una secundum suam naturam; alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4509 supra suam naturam. Scientia autem beatorum, quae in divina visione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4510 consistit, non est secundum naturam hominis, sed supra eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4511 naturam. In Christo autem fuit alia supernaturalis scientia multo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4512 fortior et altior, scilicet scientia divina. Non igitur oportuit in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4513 Christo esse scientiam beatorum.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47266"><span class="ref">[47266] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4514 scientia beatorum in Dei visione vel cognitione consistit. Sed ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4515 plene cognovit Deum, etiam secundum quod homo, secundum illud Ioan.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4516 VIII, <i>scio eum, et sermonem eius servo</i>. Ergo in Christo fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4517 scientia beatorum.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 co."><a name="47267"><span class="ref">[47267] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4518 quod illud quod est in potentia, reducitur in actum per id quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4519 actu, oportet enim esse calidum id per quod alia calefiunt. Homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4520 autem est in potentia ad scientiam beatorum, quae in visione Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4521 consistit, et ad eam ordinatur sicut ad finem, est enim creatura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4522 rationalis capax illius beatae cognitionis, inquantum est ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4523 imaginem Dei. Ad hunc autem finem beatitudinis homines reducuntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4524 per Christi humanitatem, secundum illud Heb. II, <i>decebat eum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4525 propter quem omnia et per quem omnia, qui multos filios in gloriam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4526 adduxerat, auctorem salutis eorum per passionem consummari</i>. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4527 ideo oportuit quod cognitio ipsa in Dei visione consistens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4528 excellentissime Christo homini conveniret, quia semper causam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4529 oportet esse potiorem causato.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47268"><span class="ref">[47268] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4530 dicendum quod divinitas unita est humanitati Christi secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4531 personam, et non secundum naturam vel essentiam, sed cum unitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4532 personae remanet distinctio naturarum. Et ideo anima Christi, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4533 est pars humanae naturae, per aliquod lumen participatum a natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4534 divina perfecta est ad scientiam beatam, qua Deus per essentiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4535 videtur.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47269"><span class="ref">[47269] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4536 dicendum quod ex ipsa unione homo ille est beatus beatitudine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4537 increata, sicut ex unione est Deus. Sed praeter beatitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4538 increatam, oportuit in natura humana Christi esse quandam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4539 beatitudinem creatam, per quam anima eius in ultimo fine humanae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4540 naturae constitueretur.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47270"><span class="ref">[47270] IIIª q. 9 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4541 dicendum quod visio seu scientia beata est quodammodo supra naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4542 animae rationalis, inquantum scilicet propria virtute ad eam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4543 pervenire non potest. Alio vero modo est secundum naturam ipsius,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4544 inquantum scilicet per naturam suam est capax eius, prout scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4545 ad imaginem Dei facta est, ut supra dictum est. Sed scientia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4546 increata est omnibus modis supra naturam animae humanae.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47271"><span class="ref">[47271] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4547 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non sit alia scientia indita,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4548 praeter scientiam beatam. Omnis enim alia scientia creata
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4549 comparatur ad scientiam beatam sicut imperfectum ad perfectum. Sed,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4550 praesente perfecta cognitione, excluditur cognitio imperfecta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4551 sicut manifesta visio faciei excludit aenigmaticam visionem fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4552 ut patet I Cor. XIII. Cum igitur in Christo fuerit scientia beata,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4553 ut dictum est, videtur quod non potuerit in eo alia esse scientia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4554 indita.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47272"><span class="ref">[47272] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4555 imperfectior modus cognitionis disponit ad perfectiorem sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4556 opinio, quae est per syllogismum dialecticum, disponit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4557 scientiam, quae est per syllogismum demonstrativum. Habita autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4558 perfectione, non est ulterius necessaria dispositio, sicut, habito
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4559 termino, non est necessarius motus. Cum igitur cognitio quaecumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4560 alia creata comparetur ad cognitionem beatam sicut imperfectum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4561 perfectum, et sicut dispositio ad terminum, videtur quod, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4562 Christus habuerit cognitionem beatam, quod non fuerit ei
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4563 necessarium habere aliam cognitionem.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47273"><span class="ref">[47273] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4564 sicut materia corporalis est in potentia ad formam sensibilem, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4565 intellectus possibilis est in potentia ad formam intelligibilem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4566 Sed materia corporalis non potest simul recipere duas formas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4567 sensibiles, unam perfectiorem et aliam minus perfectam. Ergo nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4568 anima potest simul recipere duplicem scientiam, unam perfectiorem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4569 et aliam minus perfectam. Et sic idem quod prius.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47274"><span class="ref">[47274] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4570 quod dicitur Coloss. II, quod <i>in Christo sunt omnes thesauri
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4571 sapientiae et scientiae absconditi</i>.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 co."><a name="47275"><span class="ref">[47275] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4572 quod, sicut dictum est, decebat quod natura humana assumpta a verbo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4573 Dei, imperfecta non esset. Omne autem quod est in potentia, est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4574 imperfectum nisi reducatur ad actum. Intellectus autem possibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4575 humanus est in potentia ad omnia intelligibilia. Reducitur autem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4576 actum per species intelligibiles, quae sunt formae quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4577 completivae ipsius, ut patet ex his quae dicuntur in III de anima.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4578 Et ideo oportet in Christo scientiam ponere inditam, inquantum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4579 verbum Dei animae Christi, sibi personaliter unitae, impressae sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4580 species intelligibiles ad omnia ad quae est intellectus possibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4581 in potentia, sicut etiam per verbum Dei impressae sunt species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4582 intelligibiles menti angelicae in principio creationis rerum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4583 patet per Augustinum, super Gen. ad Litt. Et ideo, sicut in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4584 Angelis, secundum eundem Augustinum, ponitur duplex cognitio, una
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4585 scilicet matutina, per quam cognoscunt res in verbo, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4586 vespertina, per quam cognoscunt res in propria natura per species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4587 sibi inditas; ita, praeter scientiam divinam increatam, est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4588 Christo, secundum eius animam, scientia beata, qua cognoscit verbum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4589 et res in verbo; et scientia indita sive infusa, per quam cognoscit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4590 res in propria natura per species intelligibiles humanae menti
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4591 proportionatas.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47276"><span class="ref">[47276] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4592 dicendum quod visio imperfecta fidei in sui ratione includit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4593 oppositum manifestae visionis, eo quod de ratione fidei est ut sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4594 de non visis, ut in secunda parte habitum est. Sed cognitio quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4595 est per species inditas, non includit aliquid oppositum cognitionis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4596 beatae. Et ideo non est eadem ratio utrobique.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47277"><span class="ref">[47277] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4597 dicendum quod dispositio se habet ad perfectionem dupliciter, uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4598 modo, sicut via ducens in perfectionem; alio modo, sicut effectus a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4599 perfectione procedens. Per calorem enim disponitur materia ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4600 suscipiendum formam ignis, qua tamen adveniente, calor non cessat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4601 sed remanet quasi quidam effectus talis formae. Et similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4602 opinio, ex syllogismo dialectico causata, est via ad scientiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4603 quae per demonstrationem acquiritur, qua tamen acquisita, potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4604 remanere cognitio quae est per syllogismum dialecticum, quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4605 consequens scientiam demonstrativam quae est per causam; quia ille
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4606 qui cognoscit causam, ex hoc etiam magis potest cognoscere signa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4607 probabilia, ex quibus procedit dialecticus syllogismus. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4608 similiter in Christo simul cum scientia beatitudinis manet scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4609 indita, non quasi via ad beatitudinem, sed quasi per beatitudinem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4610 confirmata.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47278"><span class="ref">[47278] IIIª q. 9 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4611 dicendum quod cognitio beata non fit per speciem quae sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4612 similitudo divinae essentiae, vel eorum quae in divina essentia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4613 cognoscuntur, ut patet ex his quae in prima parte dicta sunt, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4614 talis cognitio est ipsius divinae essentiae immediate, per hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4615 ipsa essentia divina unitur menti beatae sicut intelligibile
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4616 intelligenti. Quae quidem essentia divina est forma excedens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4617 proportionem cuiuslibet creaturae. Unde nihil prohibet quin, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4618 hac forma superexcedente, simul insint rationali menti species
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4619 intelligibiles proportionatae suae naturae.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47279"><span class="ref">[47279] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4620 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit aliqua scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4621 experimentalis acquisita. Quidquid enim Christo conveniens fuit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4622 excellentissime habuit. Sed Christus non habuit excellentissime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4623 scientiam acquisitam, non enim institit studio litterarum, quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4624 perfectissime scientia acquiritur; dicitur enim Ioan. VII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4625 <i>mirabantur Iudaei, dicentes, quomodo hic litteras scit, cum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4626 didicerit?</i> Ergo videtur quod in Christo non fuerit aliqua
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4627 scientia acquisita.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47280"><span class="ref">[47280] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ei
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4628 quod est plenum, non potest aliquid superaddi. Sed potentia animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4629 Christi fuit impleta per species intelligibiles divinitus inditas,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4630 ut dictum est. Non ergo potuerunt supervenire eius animae aliquae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4631 species acquisitae.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47281"><span class="ref">[47281] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4632 eo qui iam habitum scientiae habet, per ea quae a sensu accipit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4633 non acquiritur novus habitus, quia sic duae formae eiusdem speciei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4634 simul essent in eodem, sed habitus qui prius inerat, confirmatur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4635 augetur. Cum ergo Christus habuerit habitum scientiae inditae, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4636 videtur quod per ea quae sensu percepit, aliquam aliam scientiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4637 acquisierit.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47282"><span class="ref">[47282] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4638 quod Heb. V dicitur, <i>cum esset filius Dei, didicit ex his quae
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diff changeset
4639 passus est, obedientiam</i>, Glossa, <i>idest, expertus est</i>.
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diff changeset
4640 Fuit ergo in Christo aliqua experimentalis scientia, quae est
53
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diff changeset
4641 scientia acquisita.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 co."><a name="47283"><span class="ref">[47283] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo dicendum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4642 quod, sicut ex supra dictis patet, nihil eorum quae Deus in nostra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4643 natura plantavit, defuit humanae naturae assumptae a verbo Dei.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4644 Manifestum est autem quod in humana natura Deus plantavit non solum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4645 intellectum possibilem, sed etiam intellectum agentem. Unde necesse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4646 est dicere quod in anima Christi non solum intellectus possibilis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4647 sed etiam intellectus agens fuerit. Si autem in aliis <i>Deus et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4648 natura nihil frustra fecerunt</i>, ut philosophus dicit, in I de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4649 caelo et mundo, multo minus in anima Christi aliquid fuit frustra.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4650 Frustra autem est quod non habet propriam operationem, cum <i>omnis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4651 res sit propter suam operationem</i>, ut dicitur in II de caelo et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4652 mundo. Propria autem operatio intellectus agentis est facere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4653 species intelligibiles actu, abstrahendo eas a phantasmatibus, unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4654 dicitur in III de anima quod intellectus agens est quo est omnia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4655 facere. Sic igitur necesse est dicere quod in Christo fuerunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4656 aliquae species intelligibiles per actionem intellectus agentis in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4657 intellectu possibili eius receptae. Quod est esse in ipso scientiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4658 acquisitam, quam quidam experimentalem nominant. Et ideo, quamvis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4659 aliter alibi scripserim, dicendum est in Christo scientiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4660 acquisitam fuisse. Quae proprie est scientia secundum modum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4661 humanum, non solum ex parte recipientis subiecti, sed etiam ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4662 parte causae agentis, nam talis scientia ponitur in Christo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4663 secundum lumen intellectus agentis, quod est humanae naturae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4664 connaturale. Scientia autem infusa attribuitur animae humanae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4665 secundum lumen desuper infusum, qui modus cognoscendi est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4666 proportionatus naturae angelicae. Scientia vero beata, per quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4667 ipsa Dei essentia videtur, est propria et connaturalis soli Deo, ut
53
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diff changeset
4668 in prima parte dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47284"><span class="ref">[47284] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4669 dicendum quod, cum duplex sit modus acquirendi scientiam, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4670 inveniendo et addiscendo, modus qui est per inventionem est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4671 praecipuus, modus autem qui est per disciplinam est secundarius.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4672 Unde dicitur in I Ethic., <i>ille quidem est optimus qui omnia per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4673 seipsum intelligit, bonus autem et ille qui bene dicenti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4674 obediet</i>. Et ideo Christo magis competebat habere scientiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4675 acquisitam per inventionem quam per disciplinam, praesertim cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4676 ipse daretur a Deo omnibus in doctorem, secundum illud Ioel II,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4677 <i>laetamini in domino Deo vestro, quia dedit vobis doctorem
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4678 iustitiae</i>.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47285"><span class="ref">[47285] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4679 dicendum quod humana mens duplicem habet respectum. Unum quidem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4680 superiora. Et secundum hunc respectum, anima Christi fuit plena per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4681 scientiam inditam. Alius autem respectus eius est ad inferiora,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4682 idest ad phantasmata, quae sunt nata movere mentem humanam per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4683 virtutem intellectus agentis. Oportuit autem quod etiam secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4684 hunc respectum anima Christi scientia impleretur, non quin prima
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4685 plenitudo menti humanae sufficeret secundum seipsam; sed oportebat
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4686 eam perfici etiam secundum comparationem ad phantasmata.</p><p title="III q. 9 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47286"><span class="ref">[47286] IIIª q. 9 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4687 dicendum quod alia ratio est de habitu acquisito, et de habitu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4688 infuso. Nam habitus scientiae acquiritur per comparationem humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4689 mentis ad phantasmata, unde secundum eandem rationem non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4690 alius habitus iterato acquiri. Sed habitus scientiae infusae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4691 alterius rationis, utpote a superiori descendens in animam, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4692 secundum proportionem phantasmatum. Et ideo non est eadem ratio de
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4693 utroque habitu.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q10"><h2>Quaestio 10</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 10 pr."><a name="47287"><span class="ref">[47287]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4694 IIIª q. 10 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de qualibet
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4695 praedictarum scientiarum. Sed quia de scientia divina dictum est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4696 prima parte, restat nunc videre de aliis, primo, de scientia beata;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4697 secundo, de scientia indita; tertio, de scientia acquisita. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4698 quia de scientia beata, quae in Dei visione consistit, plura dicta
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4699 sunt in prima parte, ideo hic sola illa videntur dicenda quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4700 pertinent ad animam Christi. Circa hoc quaeruntur quatuor. Primo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4701 utrum anima Christi comprehenderit verbum, sive divinam essentiam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4702 Secundo, utrum cognoverit omnia in verbo. Tertio, utrum anima
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4703 Christi in verbo cognoverit infinita. Quarto, utrum videat verbum,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4704 vel divinam essentiam, clarius qualibet alia creatura.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47288"><span class="ref">[47288] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4705 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi comprehenderit et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4706 comprehendat verbum, sive divinam essentiam. Dicit enim Isidorus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4707 quod <i>Trinitas sibi soli nota est, et homini assumpto</i>. Igitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4708 homo assumptus communicat cum sancta Trinitate in illa notitia sui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4709 quae est sanctae Trinitatis propria. Huiusmodi autem est notitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4710 comprehensionis. Ergo anima Christi comprehendit divinam
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4711 essentiam.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47289"><span class="ref">[47289] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4712 magis est uniri Deo secundum esse personale quam secundum visionem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4713 Sed, sicut Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>tota divinitas, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4714 una personarum, est unita humanae naturae in Christo</i>. Multo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4715 igitur magis tota natura divina videtur ab anima Christi. Et ita
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4716 videtur quod anima Christi comprehendat divinam essentiam.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47290"><span class="ref">[47290] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> <i>Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4717 illud quod convenit filio Dei per naturam, convenit filio hominis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4718 per gratiam</i>, ut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Trinitate. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4719 comprehendere divinam essentiam competit filio Dei per naturam.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4720 Ergo filio hominis competit per gratiam. Et ita videtur quod anima
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4721 Christi per gratiam verbum comprehendat.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47291"><span class="ref">[47291] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4722 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro octogintatrium quaest., <i>quod se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4723 comprehendit, finitum est sibi</i>. Sed essentia divina non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4724 finita in comparatione ad animam Christi, cum in infinitum eam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4725 excedat. Ergo anima Christi non comprehendit verbum.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 co."><a name="47292"><span class="ref">[47292] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4726 dicendum quod, sicut ex supra dictis patet, sic facta est unio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4727 naturarum in persona Christi quod tamen proprietas utriusque
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4728 naturae inconfusa permansit, ita scilicet quod <i>increatum mansit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4729 increatum, et creatum mansit infra limites creaturae</i>, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4730 Damascenus dicit, in III libro. Est autem impossibile quod aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4731 creatura comprehendat divinam essentiam, sicut in prima parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4732 dictum est, eo quod infinitum non comprehenditur a finito. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4733 dicendum quod anima Christi nullo modo comprehendit divinam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4734 essentiam.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47293"><span class="ref">[47293] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4735 dicendum quod homo assumptus connumeratur divinae Trinitati in sui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4736 cognitione, non ratione comprehensionis, sed ratione cuiusdam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4737 excellentissimae cognitionis prae ceteris creaturis.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47294"><span class="ref">[47294] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4738 dicendum quod nec etiam in unione quae est secundum esse personale,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4739 natura humana comprehendit verbum Dei, sive naturam divinam, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4740 quamvis tota unita fuerit humanae naturae in una persona filii, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4741 tamen fuit tota virtus divinitatis ab humana natura quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4742 circumscripta. Unde Augustinus dicit, in epistola ad Volusianum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4743 <i>scire te volo non hoc Christianam habere doctrinam, quod ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4744 Deus infusus sit carni ut curam gubernandae universitatis vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4745 deseruerit vel amiserit, vel ad illud corpusculum quasi contractam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4746 collectamque transtulerit</i>. Et similiter anima Christi totam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4747 essentiam Dei videt, non tamen eam comprehendit, quia non totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4748 eam videt, idest, non ita perfecte sicut visibilis est, ut in prima
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4749 parte expositum est.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47295"><span class="ref">[47295] IIIª q. 10 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4750 dicendum quod verbum illud Augustini est intelligendum de gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4751 unionis, secundum quam omnia quae dicuntur de filio Dei secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4752 naturam divinam, dicuntur de filio hominis, propter identitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4753 suppositi. Et secundum hoc, vere potest dici quod filius hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4754 est comprehensor divinae essentiae, non quidem secundum animam, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4755 secundum divinam naturam. Per quem etiam modum potest dici quod
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4756 filius hominis est creator.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47296"><span class="ref">[47296] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4757 sic proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi in verbo non cognoscat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4758 omnia. Dicitur enim Marci XIII, <i>de die autem illa nemo scit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4759 neque Angeli in caelo neque filius, nisi pater</i>. Non igitur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4760 omnia scit in verbo.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47297"><span class="ref">[47297] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4761 quanto aliquis perfectius cognoscit aliquod principium, tanto plura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4762 in illo principio cognoscit. Sed Deus perfectius videt essentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4763 suam quam anima Christi. Ergo plura cognoscit in verbo quam anima
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4764 Christi. Non ergo anima Christi in verbo cognoscit omnia.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47298"><span class="ref">[47298] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4765 quantitas scientiae attenditur secundum quantitatem scibilium. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4766 ergo anima Christi sciret in verbo omnia quae scit verbum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4767 sequeretur quod scientia animae Christi aequaretur scientiae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4768 divinae, creatum videlicet increato. Quod est impossibile.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47299"><span class="ref">[47299] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4769 quod, super illud Apoc. V, <i>dignus est agnus qui occisus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4770 accipere divinitatem et scientiam</i>, Glossa dicit, idest, omnium
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4771 cognitionem.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 co."><a name="47300"><span class="ref">[47300] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4772 dicendum quod, cum quaeritur an Christus cognoscat omnia in verbo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4773 dicendum est quod ly omnia potest dupliciter accipi. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4774 proprie, ut distribuat pro omnibus quae quocumque modo sunt vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4775 erunt vel fuerunt, vel facta vel dicta vel cogitata a quocumque,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4776 secundum quodcumque tempus. Et sic dicendum est quod anima Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4777 in verbo cognoscit omnia. Unusquisque enim intellectus creatus in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4778 verbo cognoscit, non quidem omnia simpliciter, sed tanto plura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4779 quanto perfectius videt verbum, nulli tamen intellectui beato deest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4780 quin cognoscat in verbo omnia quae ad ipsum spectant. Ad Christum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4781 autem, et ad eius dignitatem, spectant quodammodo omnia, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4782 ei subiecta sunt omnia. Ipse est etiam <i>omnium iudex constitutus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4783 a Deo, quia filius hominis est</i>, ut dicitur Ioan. V. Et ideo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4784 anima Christi in verbo cognoscit omnia existentia secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4785 quodcumque tempus, et etiam hominum cogitatus, quorum est iudex,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4786 ita quod de eo dicitur, Ioan. II, <i>ipse enim sciebat quid esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4787 in homine</i>; quod potest intelligi non solum quantum ad scientiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4788 divinam, sed etiam quantum ad scientiam animae eius quam habet in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4789 verbo. Alio modo ly omnia potest accipi magis large, ut extendatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4790 non solum ad omnia quae sunt actu secundum quodcumque tempus, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4791 etiam ad omnia quaecumque sunt in potentia nunquam reducta ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4792 actum. Horum autem quaedam sunt solum in potentia divina. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4793 huiusmodi non omnia cognoscit in verbo anima Christi. Hoc enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4794 esset comprehendere omnia quae Deus potest facere, quod esset
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4795 comprehendere divinam virtutem, et per consequens divinam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4796 essentiam; virtus enim quaelibet cognoscitur per cognitionem eorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4797 in quae potest. Quaedam vero sunt non solum in potentia divina, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4798 etiam in potentia creaturae. Et huiusmodi omnia cognoscit anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4799 Christi in verbo. Comprehendit enim in verbo omnis creaturae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4800 essentiam, et per consequens potentiam et virtutem, et omnia quae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
4801 sunt in potentia creaturae.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47301"><span class="ref">[47301] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4802 dicendum quod illud verbum intellexerunt Arius et Eunomius, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4803 quantum ad scientiam animae, quam in Christo non ponebant, ut supra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4804 dictum est, sed quantum ad divinam cognitionem filii, quem ponebant
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4805 esse minorem patre quantum ad scientiam. Sed istud stare non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4806 potest. Quia per verbum Dei facta sunt omnia, ut dicitur Ioan. I,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4807 et, inter alia, facta sunt etiam per ipsum omnia tempora. Nihil
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4808 autem per ipsum factum est quod ab eo ignoretur. Dicitur ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4809 nescire diem et horam iudicii, quia non facit scire, interrogatus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4810 enim ab apostolis super hoc, Act. I, hoc eis noluit revelare. Sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4811 e contrario legitur Gen. XXII, <i>nunc cognovi quod timeas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4812 Deum</i>, idest, nunc cognoscere feci. Dicitur autem pater scire,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4813 eo quod huiusmodi cognitionem tradidit filio. Unde in hoc ipso quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4814 dicitur, <i>nisi pater</i>, datur intelligi quod filius cognoscat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4815 non solum quantum ad divinam naturam, sed etiam quantum ad humanam.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4816 Quia, ut Chrysostomus argumentatur, <i>si Christo homini datum est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4817 ut sciat qualiter oporteat iudicare, quod est maius; multo magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4818 datum est ei scire quod est minus, scilicet tempus iudicii</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4819 Origenes tamen hoc exponit de Christo secundum corpus eius, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4820 est Ecclesia, quae hoc ipsum tempus ignorat. Quidam autem dicunt
53
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diff changeset
4821 hoc esse intelligendum de filio Dei adoptivo, non de naturali.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47302"><span class="ref">[47302] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4822 dicendum quod Deus perfectius cognoscit suam essentiam quam anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4823 Christi, quia eam comprehendit. Et ideo cognoscit omnia non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4824 quae sunt in actu secundum quodcumque tempus, quae dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4825 cognoscere scientia visionis; sed etiam omnia quaecumque ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4826 potest facere, quae dicitur cognoscere per simplicem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4827 intelligentiam, ut in primo habitum est. Scit ergo anima Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4828 omnia quae Deus in seipso cognoscit per scientiam visionis, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4829 tamen omnia quae Deus in seipso cognoscit per scientiam simplicis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4830 intelligentiae. Et ita plura scit Deus in seipso quam anima
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4831 Christi.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47303"><span class="ref">[47303] IIIª q. 10 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4832 dicendum quod quantitas scientiae non solum attenditur secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4833 numerum scibilium, sed etiam secundum claritatem cognitionis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4834 Quamvis igitur scientia animae Christi quam habet in verbo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4835 parificetur scientiae visionis quam Deus habet in seipso quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4836 numerum scibilium; scientia tamen Dei excedit in infinitum, quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4837 ad claritatem cognitionis, scientiam animae Christi. Quia lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4838 increatum divini intellectus in infinitum excedit lumen creatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4839 quodcumque receptum in anima Christi, non solum quantum ad modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4840 cognoscendi, sed etiam quantum ad numerum scibilium, ut dictum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4841 est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47304"><span class="ref">[47304] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4842 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi non possit cognoscere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4843 infinita in verbo. Quod enim infinitum cognoscatur, repugnat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4844 definitioni infiniti, prout dicitur in III Physic. quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4845 <i>infinitum est cuius quantitatem accipientibus semper est aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4846 extra accipere</i>. Impossibile autem est definitionem a definito
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4847 separari, quia hoc esset contradictoria esse simul. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4848 impossibile est quod anima Christi sciat infinita.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47305"><span class="ref">[47305] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4849 infinitorum scientia est infinita. Sed scientia animae Christi non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4850 potest esse infinita, est enim capacitas eius finita, cum sit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4851 creatura. Non ergo anima Christi potest cognoscere infinita.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47306"><span class="ref">[47306] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4852 infinito non potest esse aliquid maius. Sed plura continentur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4853 scientia divina, absolute loquendo, quam in scientia animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4854 Christi, ut dictum est. Ergo anima Christi non cognoscit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4855 infinita.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47307"><span class="ref">[47307] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4856 anima Christi cognoscit totam suam potentiam, et omnia in quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4857 potest. Potest autem in emundationem infinitorum peccatorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4858 secundum illud I Ioan. II, <i>ipse est propitiatio pro peccatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4859 nostris, non autem pro nostris tantum, sed etiam totius mundi</i>.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4860 Ergo anima Christi cognoscit infinita.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 co."><a name="47308"><span class="ref">[47308] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4861 dicendum quod scientia non est nisi entis, eo quod ens et verum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4862 convertuntur. Dupliciter autem dicitur aliquid ens, uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4863 simpliciter, quod scilicet est ens actu; alio modo, secundum quid,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4864 quod scilicet est ens in potentia. Et quia, ut dicitur in IX
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4865 Metaphys., unumquodque cognoscitur secundum quod est actu, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4866 autem secundum quod est in potentia, scientia primo et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4867 principaliter respicit ens actu. Secundario autem respicit ens in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4868 potentia, quod quidem non secundum seipsum cognoscibile est, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4869 secundum quod cognoscitur illud in cuius potentia existit. Quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4870 igitur ad primum modum scientiae, anima Christi non scit infinita.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4871 Quia non sunt infinita in actu, etiam si accipiantur omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4872 quaecumque sunt in actu secundum quodcumque tempus, eo quod status
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4873 generationis et corruptionis non durat in infinitum; unde est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4874 certus numerus non solum eorum quae sunt absque generatione et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4875 corruptione, sed etiam generabilium et corruptibilium. Quantum vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4876 ad alium modum sciendi, anima Christi in verbo scit infinita. Scit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4877 enim, ut dictum est, omnia quae sunt in potentia creaturae. Unde,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4878 cum in potentia creaturae sint infinita, per hunc modum scit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4879 infinita, quasi quadam scientia simplicis intelligentiae, non autem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4880 scientia visionis.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47309"><span class="ref">[47309] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4881 dicendum quod infinitum, sicut in prima parte dictum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4882 dupliciter dicitur. Uno modo, secundum rationem formae. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4883 dicitur infinitum negative, scilicet id quod est forma vel actus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4884 non limitatus per materiam vel subiectum in quo recipiatur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4885 huiusmodi infinitum, quantum est de se, est maxime cognoscibile,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4886 propter perfectionem actus, licet non sit comprehensibile a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4887 potentia finita creaturae, sic enim dicitur Deus infinitus. Et tale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4888 infinitum anima Christi cognoscit, licet non comprehendat. Alio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4889 modo dicitur infinitum secundum potentiam materiae. Quod quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4890 dicitur privative, ex hoc scilicet quod non habet formam quam natum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4891 est habere. Et per hunc modum dicitur infinitum in quantitate. Tale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4892 autem infinitum ex sui ratione est ignotum, quia scilicet est quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4893 materia cum privatione formae, ut dicitur in III Physic.; omnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4894 autem cognitio est per formam vel actum. Sic igitur, si huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4895 infinitum cognosci debeat secundum modum ipsius cogniti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4896 impossibile est quod cognoscatur, est enim modus ipsius ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4897 accipiatur pars eius post partem, ut dicitur in III Physic. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4898 modo verum est quod eius quantitatem accipientibus, scilicet parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4899 accepta post partem, semper est aliquid extra accipere. Sed sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4900 materialia possunt accipi ab intellectu immaterialiter, et multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4901 unite, ita infinita possunt accipi ab intellectu non per modum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4902 infiniti, sed quasi finite, ut sic ea quae sunt in seipsis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4903 infinita, sint intellectui cognoscentis finita. Et hoc modo anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4904 Christi scit infinita, inquantum scilicet scit ea, non discurrendo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4905 per singula, sed in aliquo uno; puta in aliqua creatura in cuius
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4906 potentia praeexistunt infinita; et principaliter in ipso verbo.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47310"><span class="ref">[47310] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4907 dicendum quod nihil prohibet aliquid esse infinitum uno modo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4908 est alio modo finitum, sicut si imaginemur in quantitatibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4909 superficiem quae sit secundum longitudinem infinita secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4910 latitudinem autem finita. Sic igitur, si essent infiniti homines
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4911 numero, haberent quidem infinita esse secundum aliquid, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4912 secundum multitudinem, secundum tamen rationem essentiae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4913 haberent infinitatem, eo quod omnis essentia esset limitata sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4914 ratione unius speciei. Sed illud quod est simpliciter infinitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4915 secundum essentiae rationem, est Deus, ut in prima parte dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4916 est, proprium autem obiectum intellectus est quod quid est, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4917 dicitur in III de anima, ad quod pertinet ratio speciei. Sic igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4918 anima Christi, propter hoc quod habet capacitatem finitam, id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4919 est simpliciter infinitum secundum essentiam, scilicet Deum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4920 attingit quidem, sed non comprehendit, ut dictum est. Id autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4921 infinitum quod in creaturis est in potentia, potest comprehendi ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4922 anima Christi, quia comparatur ad ipsam secundum essentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4923 rationem, ex qua parte infinitatem non habet. Nam etiam intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4924 noster intelligit universale, puta naturam generis vel speciei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4925 quod quodammodo habet infinitatem, inquantum potest de infinitis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
4926 praedicari.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47311"><span class="ref">[47311] IIIª q. 10 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4927 dicendum quod id quod est infinitum omnibus modis, non potest esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4928 nisi unum, unde et philosophus dicit, in I de caelo et mundo, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4929 quia corpus est ad omnem partem dimensionatum, impossibile est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4930 plura esse corpora infinita. Si tamen aliquid esset infinitum uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4931 modo tantum, nihil prohiberet esse plura talia infinita, sicut si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4932 intelligeremus plures lineas infinitas secundum longitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4933 protractas in aliqua superficie finita secundum latitudinem. Quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4934 igitur infinitum non est substantia quaedam, sed accidit rebus quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4935 dicuntur infinitae, ut dicitur in III Physic.; sicut infinitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4936 multiplicatur secundum diversa subiecta, ita necesse est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4937 proprietas infiniti multiplicetur, ita quod conveniat unicuique
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4938 eorum secundum illud subiectum. Est autem quaedam proprietas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4939 infiniti quod infinito non sit aliquid maius. Sic igitur, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4940 accipiamus unam lineam infinitam, in illa non est aliquid maius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4941 infinito. Et similiter, si accipiamus quamcumque aliarum linearum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4942 infinitarum, manifestum est quod uniuscuiusque earum partes sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4943 infinitae. Oportet igitur quod omnibus illis infinitis non sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4944 aliquid maius in illa linea, tamen in alia linea et in tertia erunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4945 plures partes, etiam infinitae, praeter istas. Et hoc etiam videmus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4946 in numeris accidere, nam species numerorum parium sunt infinitae,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4947 et similiter species numerorum imparium; et tamen numeri et pares
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4948 et impares sunt plures quam pares. Sic igitur dicendum quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4949 infinito simpliciter quoad omnia, nihil est maius, infinito autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4950 secundum aliquid determinatum, non est aliquid maius in illo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4951 ordine, potest tamen accipi aliquid maius extra illum ordinem. Per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4952 hunc igitur modum infinita sunt in potentia creaturae, et tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4953 plura sunt in potentia Dei quam in potentia creaturae. Et similiter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4954 anima Christi scit infinita scientia simplicis intelligentiae,
53
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diff changeset
4955 plura tamen scit Deus secundum hunc intelligentiae modum.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47312"><span class="ref">[47312] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4956 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi non perfectius videat verbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4957 quam quaelibet alia creatura. Perfectio enim cognitionis est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4958 secundum medium cognoscendi, sicut perfectior est cognitio quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4959 habetur per medium syllogismi demonstrativi, quam quae habetur per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4960 medium syllogismi dialectici. Sed omnes beati vident verbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4961 immediate per ipsam divinam essentiam, ut in prima parte dictum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4962 est. Ergo anima Christi non perfectius videt verbum quam quaelibet
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4963 alia creatura.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47313"><span class="ref">[47313] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4964 perfectio visionis non excedit potentiam visivam. Sed potentia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4965 rationalis animae, qualis est anima Christi, est infra potentiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4966 intellectivam Angeli, ut patet per Dionysium, IV cap. Cael. Hier.
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4967 Ergo anima Christi non perfectius videt verbum quam Angeli.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47314"><span class="ref">[47314] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4968 Deus in infinitum perfectius videt verbum suum quam anima. Sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4969 ergo infiniti gradus medii inter modum quo Deus videt verbum suum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4970 et inter modum quo anima Christi videt ipsum. Ergo non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4971 asserendum quod anima Christi perfectius videat verbum, vel
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4972 essentiam divinam, quam quaelibet alia creatura.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47315"><span class="ref">[47315] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4973 quod apostolus dicit, Ephes. I, quod <i>Deus constituit Christum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4974 caelestibus super omnem principatum et potestatem et virtutem et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4975 dominationem, et omne nomen quod nominatur, non solum in hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4976 saeculo, sed etiam in futuro</i>. Sed in caelesti gloria tanto
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4977 aliquis est superior quanto perfectius cognoscit Deum. Ergo anima
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4978 Christi perfectius videt Deum quam quaevis alia creatura.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 co."><a name="47316"><span class="ref">[47316] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4979 dicendum quod divinae essentiae visio convenit omnibus beatis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4980 secundum participationem luminis derivati ad eos a fonte verbi Dei,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4981 secundum illud Eccli. I, <i>fons sapientiae verbum Dei in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4982 excelsis</i>. Huic autem verbo Dei propinquius coniungitur anima
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4983 Christi, quae est unita verbo in persona, quam quaevis alia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4984 creatura. Et ideo plenius recipit influentiam luminis in quo Deus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4985 videtur ab ipso verbo, quam quaecumque alia creatura. Et ideo prae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4986 ceteris creaturis perfectius videt ipsam primam veritatem, quae est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4987 Dei essentia. Et ideo dicitur Ioan. I, <i>vidimus gloriam eius,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4988 quasi unigeniti a patre, plenum</i> non solum gratiae, sed etiam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4989 veritatis.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47317"><span class="ref">[47317] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4990 dicendum quod perfectio cognitionis, quantum est ex parte cogniti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4991 attenditur secundum medium, sed quantum est ex parte cognoscentis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4992 attenditur secundum potentiam vel habitum. Et inde est quod etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4993 inter homines per unum medium unus perfectius cognoscit aliquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4994 conclusionem quam alius. Et per hunc modum anima Christi, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4995 abundantiori impletur lumine, perfectius cognoscit divinam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4996 essentiam quam alii beati, licet omnes Dei essentiam videant per
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
4997 seipsam.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47318"><span class="ref">[47318] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4998 dicendum quod visio divinae essentiae excedit naturalem potentiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4999 cuiuslibet creaturae, ut in prima parte dictum est. Et ideo gradus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5000 in ipso attenduntur magis secundum ordinem gratiae, in quo Christus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5001 est excellentissimus, quam secundum ordinem naturae, secundum quem
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5002 natura angelica praefertur humanae.</p><p title="III q. 10 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47319"><span class="ref">[47319] IIIª q. 10 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5003 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est de gratia quod non potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5004 esse maior gratia quam gratia Christi per respectum ad unionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5005 verbi, idem etiam dicendum est de perfectione divinae visionis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5006 licet, absolute considerando, possit aliquis gradus esse sublimior
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5007 secundum infinitatem divinae potentiae.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q11"><h2>Quaestio 11</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 11 pr."><a name="47320"><span class="ref">[47320]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
5008 IIIª q. 11 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de scientia
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5009 indita vel infusa animae Christi. Et circa hoc quaeruntur sex.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5010 Primo, utrum per hanc scientiam Christus sciat omnia. Secundo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5011 utrum hac scientia uti potuerit non convertendo se ad phantasmata.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5012 Tertio, utrum haec scientia fuerit collativa. Quarto, de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5013 comparatione huius scientiae ad scientiam angelicam. Quinto, utrum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5014 fuerit scientia habitualis. Sexto, utrum fuerit distincta per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5015 diversos habitus.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47321"><span class="ref">[47321] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5016 proceditur. Videtur quod secundum hanc scientiam Christus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5017 cognoverit omnia. Haec enim scientia indita est Christo ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5018 perfectionem potentiae intellectus eius. Sed intellectus possibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5019 animae humanae non videtur esse in potentia ad omnia simpliciter,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5020 sed ad illa sola in quae potest reduci in actum per intellectum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5021 agentem, qui est proprium activum ipsius, quae quidem sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5022 cognoscibilia secundum rationem naturalem. Ergo secundum hanc
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5023 scientiam non cognovit ea quae naturalem rationem excedunt.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47322"><span class="ref">[47322] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5024 phantasmata se habent ad intellectum humanum sicut colores ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5025 visum, ut dicitur in III de anima. Sed non pertinet ad perfectionem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5026 virtutis visivae cognoscere ea quae sunt omnino absque colore. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5027 neque ad perfectionem intellectus humani pertinet cognoscere ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5028 quorum non possunt esse phantasmata, sicut sunt substantiae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5029 separatae. Sic igitur, cum huiusmodi scientia fuerit in Christo ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5030 perfectionem animae intellectivae ipsius, videtur quod per
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5031 huiusmodi scientiam non cognoverit substantias separatas.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47323"><span class="ref">[47323] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, ad
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5032 perfectionem intellectus non pertinet cognoscere singularia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5033 Videtur igitur quod per huiusmodi scientiam anima Christi non
53
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diff changeset
5034 cognoverit singularia.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47324"><span class="ref">[47324] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5035 quod dicitur Isaiae XI, quod <i>replebit eum spiritus sapientiae et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5036 intellectus, scientiae et consilii</i>, sub quibus comprehenduntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5037 omnia cognoscibilia. Nam ad sapientiam pertinet cognitio divinorum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5038 omnium; ad intellectum autem pertinet cognitio omnium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5039 immaterialium; ad scientiam autem pertinet cognitio omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5040 conclusionum; ad consilium autem cognitio omnium agibilium. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5041 videtur quod Christus, secundum scientiam sibi inditam per spiritum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5042 sanctum, habuerit omnium cognitionem.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 co."><a name="47325"><span class="ref">[47325] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5043 dicendum quod, sicut prius dictum est, conveniens fuit ut anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5044 Christo per omnia esset perfecta, per hoc quod omnis eius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5045 potentialitas sit reducta ad actum. Est autem considerandum quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5046 anima humana, sicut in qualibet creatura, consideratur duplex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5047 potentia passiva, una quidem per comparationem ad agens naturale;
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5048 alia vero per comparationem ad agens primum, qui potest quamlibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5049 creaturam reducere in actum aliquem altiorem, in quem non reducitur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5050 per agens naturale; et haec consuevit vocari potentia obedientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5051 in creatura. Utraque autem potentia animae Christi fuit reducta in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5052 actum secundum hanc scientiam divinitus inditam. Et ideo secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5053 eam anima Christi primo quidem cognovit quaecumque ab homine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5054 cognosci possunt per virtutem luminis intellectus agentis, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5055 sunt quaecumque pertinent ad scientias humanas. Secundo vero per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5056 hanc scientiam cognovit Christus omnia illa quae per revelationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5057 divinam hominibus innotescunt, sive pertineant ad donum sapientiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5058 sive ad donum prophetiae, sive ad quodcumque donum spiritus sancti.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5059 Omnia enim ista abundantius et plenius ceteris cognovit anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5060 Christi. Ipsam tamen Dei essentiam per hanc scientiam non cognovit,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5061 sed solum per primam, de qua supra dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47326"><span class="ref">[47326] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5062 dicendum quod illa ratio procedit de actione naturali animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5063 intellectivae, quae scilicet est per comparationem ad agens
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5064 naturale, quod est intellectus agens.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47327"><span class="ref">[47327] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5065 dicendum quod anima humana in statu huius vitae, quando quodammodo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5066 est ad corpus obligata, ut sine phantasmate intelligere non possit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5067 non potest intelligere substantias separatas. Sed post statum huius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5068 vitae, anima separata poterit aliqualiter substantias separatas per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5069 seipsam cognoscere, ut in prima parte dictum est. Et hoc praecipue
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5070 manifestum est circa animas beatorum. Christus autem, ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5071 passionem, non solum fuit viator, sed etiam comprehensor. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5072 anima eius poterat cognoscere substantias separatas, per modum quo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5073 cognoscit anima separata.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47328"><span class="ref">[47328] IIIª q. 11 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5074 dicendum quod cognitio singularium non pertinet ad perfectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5075 animae intellectivae secundum cognitionem speculativam, pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5076 tamen ad perfectionem eius secundum cognitionem practicam, quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5077 perficitur absque cognitione singularium, in quibus est operatio,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5078 ut dicitur in VI Ethic. Unde ad prudentiam requiritur memoria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5079 praeteritorum, cognitio praesentium, et providentia futurorum, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5080 Tullius dicit, in sua rhetorica. Quia igitur Christus habuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5081 plenitudinem prudentiae, secundum donum consilii, consequens est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5082 quod cognovit omnia singularia praeterita, praesentia et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5083 futura.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47329"><span class="ref">[47329] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5084 sic proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi non potuerit intelligere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5085 secundum hanc scientiam nisi convertendo se ad phantasmata.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5086 Phantasmata enim comparantur ad animam intellectivam sicut colores
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5087 ad visum, ut dicitur in III de anima. Sed potentia visiva Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5088 non potuit exire in actum nisi convertendo se ad colores. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5089 etiam neque anima eius intellectiva potuit aliquid intelligere nisi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5090 convertendo se ad phantasmata.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47330"><span class="ref">[47330] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5091 anima Christi est eiusdem naturae cum animabus nostris, alioquin
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5092 ipse non esset eiusdem speciei nobiscum; contra id quod apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5093 dicit, Philipp. II, quod est <i>in similitudinem hominum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5094 factus</i>. Sed anima nostra non potest intelligere nisi
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5095 convertendo se ad phantasmata. Ergo nec etiam anima Christi.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47331"><span class="ref">[47331] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5096 sensus dati sunt homini ut deserviant intellectui. Si igitur anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5097 Christi intelligere potuit absque conversione ad phantasmata, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5098 per sensus accipiuntur, sequeretur quod sensus frustra fuissent in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5099 anima Christi, quod est inconveniens. Videtur igitur quod anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5100 Christi non potuerit intelligere nisi convertendo se ad
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5101 phantasmata.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47332"><span class="ref">[47332] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5102 quod anima Christi cognovit quaedam quae per phantasmata cognosci
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5103 non possunt, scilicet substantias separatas. Potuit igitur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5104 intelligere non convertendo se ad phantasmata.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 co."><a name="47333"><span class="ref">[47333] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5105 dicendum quod Christus in statu ante passionem fuit simul viator et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5106 comprehensor, ut infra magis patebit. Et praecipue quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5107 conditiones viatoris habuit ex parte corporis, inquantum fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5108 passibile, conditiones vero comprehensoris maxime habuit ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5109 animae intellectivae. Est autem haec conditio animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5110 comprehensoris, ut nullo modo subdatur suo corpori aut ab eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5111 dependeat, sed totaliter ei dominetur, unde et post resurrectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5112 ex anima gloria redundabit in corpus. Ex hoc autem anima hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5113 viatoris indiget ad phantasmata converti, quod est corpori
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5114 obligata, et quodammodo ei subiecta et ab eo dependens. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5115 animae beatae, et ante resurrectionem et post, intelligere possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5116 absque conversione ad phantasmata. Et hoc quidem oportet dicere de
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5117 anima Christi, quae plene habuit facultatem comprehensoris.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47334"><span class="ref">[47334] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5118 dicendum quod similitudo illa quam philosophus ponit, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5119 attenditur quantum ad omnia. Manifestum est enim quod finis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5120 potentiae visivae est cognoscere colores, finis autem potentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5121 intellectivae non est cognoscere phantasmata, sed cognoscere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5122 species intelligibiles, quas apprehendit a phantasmatibus et in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5123 phantasmatibus, secundum statum praesentis vitae. Est igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5124 similitudo quantum ad hoc ad quod aspicit utraque potentia, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5125 autem quantum ad hoc in quod utriusque potentiae conditio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5126 terminatur. Nihil autem prohibet, secundum diversos status, ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5127 diversis rem aliquam ad suum finem tendere, finis autem proprius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5128 alicuius rei semper est unus. Et ideo, licet visus nihil cognoscat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5129 absque colore, intellectus tamen, secundum aliquem statum, potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5130 cognoscere absque phantasmate, sed non absque specie
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5131 intelligibili.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47335"><span class="ref">[47335] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5132 dicendum quod, licet anima Christi fuerit eiusdem naturae cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5133 animabus nostris, habuit tamen aliquem statum quem animae nostrae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5134 non habent nunc in re, sed solum in spe, scilicet statum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5135 comprehensionis.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47336"><span class="ref">[47336] IIIª q. 11 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5136 dicendum quod, licet anima Christi potuerit intelligere non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5137 convertendo se ad phantasmata, poterat tamen intelligere se ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5138 phantasmata convertendo. Et ideo sensus non fuerunt frustra in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5139 ipso, praesertim cum sensus non dentur homini solum ad scientiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5140 intellectivam, sed etiam ad necessitatem vitae animalis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47337"><span class="ref">[47337] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5141 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi non habuit hanc scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5142 per modum collationis. Dicit enim Damascenus, in III libro, <i>in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5143 Christo non dicimus consilium neque electionem</i>. Non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5144 removentur haec a Christo nisi inquantum important collationem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5145 discursum. Ergo videtur quod in Christo non fuerit scientia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5146 collativa vel discursiva.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47338"><span class="ref">[47338] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5147 homo indiget collatione et discursu rationis ad inquirenda ea quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5148 ignorat. Sed anima Christi cognovit omnia, ut supra dictum est. Non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5149 igitur fuit in eo scientia discursiva vel collativa.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47339"><span class="ref">[47339] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5150 scientia animae Christi se habuit per modum comprehensorum, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5151 Angelis conformantur, ut dicitur Matth. XXII. Sed in Angelis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5152 est scientia discursiva seu collativa, ut patet per Dionysium, VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5153 cap. de Div. Nom. Non ergo in anima Christi fuit scientia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5154 discursiva seu collativa.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47340"><span class="ref">[47340] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5155 Christus habuit animam rationalem, ut supra habitum est. Propria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5156 autem operatio animae rationalis est conferre et discurrere ab uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5157 in aliud. Ergo in Christo fuit scientia discursiva vel
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5158 collativa.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 co."><a name="47341"><span class="ref">[47341] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5159 dicendum quod aliqua scientia potest esse discursiva vel collativa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5160 dupliciter. Uno modo, quantum ad scientiae acquisitionem, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5161 accidit in nobis, qui procedimus ad cognoscendum unum per aliud,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5162 sicut effectus per causas, et e converso. Et hoc modo scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5163 animae Christi non fuit discursiva vel collativa, quia haec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5164 scientia de qua nunc loquimur, fuit sibi divinitus indita, non per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5165 investigationem rationis acquisita. Alio modo potest dici scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5166 discursiva vel collativa quantum ad usum, sicut scientes interdum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5167 ex causis concludunt effectus, non ut de novo addiscant, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5168 volentes uti scientia quam iam habent. Et hoc modo scientia animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5169 Christi poterat esse collativa et discursiva, poterat enim ex uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5170 aliud concludere, sicut sibi placebat. Sicut, Matth. XVII, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5171 dominus quaesivisset a Petro <i>a quibus reges terrae tributum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5172 acciperent, a filiis suis an ab alienis</i>, Petro respondente quod
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5173 ab alienis, conclusit, ergo liberi sunt filii.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47342"><span class="ref">[47342] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5174 dicendum quod a Christo excluditur consilium quod est cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5175 dubitatione, et per consequens electio, quae in sui ratione tale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5176 consilium includit. Non autem a Christo excluditur usus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5177 consiliandi.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47343"><span class="ref">[47343] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5178 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit de discursu et collatione prout
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5179 ordinatur ad scientiam acquirendam.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47344"><span class="ref">[47344] IIIª q. 11 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5180 dicendum quod beati conformantur Angelis quantum ad dona gratiarum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5181 manet tamen differentia quae est secundum naturam. Et ideo uti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5182 collatione et discursu est connaturale animabus beatorum, non autem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5183 Angelis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 11 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47345"><span class="ref">[47345] IIIª q. 11 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5184 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo huiusmodi scientia fuerit minor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5185 quam in Angelis. Perfectio enim proportionatur perfectibili. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5186 anima humana, secundum ordinem naturae, est infra naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5187 angelicam. Cum igitur scientia de qua nunc loquimur, sit indita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5188 animae Christi ad perfectionem ipsius, videtur quod huiusmodi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5189 scientia fuerit infra scientiam qua perficitur natura angelica.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47346"><span class="ref">[47346] IIIª q. 11 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5190 scientia animae Christi fuit aliquo modo collativa et discursiva,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5191 quod non potest dici de scientia Angelorum. Ergo scientia animae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5192 Christi fuit inferior scientia Angelorum.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47347"><span class="ref">[47347] IIIª q. 11 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5193 quanto aliqua scientia est magis immaterialis, tanto est potior.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5194 Sed scientia Angelorum est immaterialior quam scientia animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5195 Christi, quia anima Christi est actus corporis et habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5196 conversionem ad phantasmata, quod de Angelis dici non potest. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5197 scientia Angelorum est potior quam scientia animae Christi.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47348"><span class="ref">[47348] IIIª q. 11 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5198 quod apostolus dicit, Heb. II, <i>eum qui modico quam Angeli
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5199 minoratus est, videmus Iesum, propter passionem mortis, gloria et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5200 honore coronatum</i>. Ex quo apparet quod propter solam passionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5201 mortis dicatur Christus ab Angelis minoratus. Non ergo propter
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5202 scientiam.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 4 co."><a name="47349"><span class="ref">[47349] IIIª q. 11 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5203 dicendum quod scientia indita animae Christi potest considerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5204 dupliciter, uno modo, secundum id quod habuit a causa influente;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5205 alio modo, secundum id quod habuit ex subiecto recipiente. Quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5206 igitur ad primum, scientia indita animae Christi fuit excellentior
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5207 quam scientia Angelorum, et quantum ad multitudinem cognitorum, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5208 quantum ad scientiae certitudinem, quia lumen spirituale quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5209 inditum animae Christi, est multo excellentius quam lumen quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5210 pertinet ad naturam angelicam. Quantum autem ad secundum, scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5211 indita animae Christi est infra scientiam angelicam, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5212 quantum ad modum cognoscendi qui est naturalis animae humanae, qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5213 scilicet est per conversionem ad phantasmata et per collationem et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5214 discursum.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 4 ad arg."><a name="47350"><span class="ref">[47350] IIIª q. 11 a. 4 ad arg.</span></a> Et per hoc
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5215 patet responsio ad obiecta.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="47351"><span class="ref">[47351] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5216 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit habitualis scientia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5217 Dictum est enim quod animam Christi decuit maxima perfectio. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5218 maior est perfectio scientiae existentis in actu quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5219 praeexistentis in habitu. Ergo conveniens fuisse videtur quod omnia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5220 sciret in actu. Ergo non habuit habitualem scientiam.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="47352"><span class="ref">[47352] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, cum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5221 habitus ordinetur ad actum, frustra videtur esse habitualis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5222 scientia quae nunquam in actum reducitur. Cum autem Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5223 sciverit omnia, sicut iam dictum est, non potuisset omnia illa actu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5224 considerare unum post aliud cognoscendo, quia infinita non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5225 enumerando pertransire. Frustra ergo fuisset in eo scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5226 habitualis, quod est inconveniens. Habuit igitur actualem scientiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5227 omnium quae scivit, et non habitualem.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="47353"><span class="ref">[47353] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5228 scientia habitualis est quaedam perfectio scientis. Perfectio autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5229 est nobilior perfectibili. Si igitur in anima Christi fuit aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5230 habitus scientiae creatus, sequeretur quod aliquid creatum esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5231 nobilius anima Christi. Non igitur in anima Christi fuit scientia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5232 habitualis.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 s. c."><a name="47354"><span class="ref">[47354] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5233 scientia Christi de qua nunc loquimur, univoca fuit scientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5234 nostrae, sicut et anima eius fuit unius speciei cum anima nostra.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5235 Sed scientia nostra est in genere habitus. Ergo et scientia Christi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5236 fuit habitualis.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 co."><a name="47355"><span class="ref">[47355] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5237 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, modus huius scientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5238 inditae animae Christi fuit conveniens ipsi subiecto recipienti,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5239 nam receptum est in recipiente per modum recipientis. Est autem hic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5240 modus connaturalis animae humanae, ut quandoque sit intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5241 actu, quandoque in potentia. Medium autem inter puram potentiam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5242 actum completum est habitus. Eiusdem autem generis est medium et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5243 extrema. Et sic patet quod modus connaturalis animae humanae est ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5244 recipiat scientiam per modum habitus. Et ideo dicendum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5245 scientia indita animae Christi fuit habitualis, poterat enim ea uti
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5246 quando volebat.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="47356"><span class="ref">[47356] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5247 dicendum quod in anima Christi fuit duplex cognitio, et utraque suo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5248 modo perfectissima. Una quidem excedens modum naturae humanae, qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5249 scilicet vidit Dei essentiam et alia in ipsa. Et haec fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5250 perfectissima simpliciter. Et talis cognitio non fuit habitualis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5251 sed actualis respectu omnium quae hoc modo cognovit. Alia autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5252 cognitio fuit in Christo secundum modum proportionatum humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5253 naturae, prout scilicet cognovit res per species sibi divinitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5254 inditas, de qua cognitione nunc loquimur. Et haec cognitio non fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5255 simpliciter perfectissima, sed perfectissima in genere humanae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5256 cognitionis. Unde non oportuit quod semper esset in actu.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="47357"><span class="ref">[47357] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5257 dicendum quod habitus reducitur in actum ad imperium voluntatis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5258 nam habitus est <i>quo quis agit cum voluerit</i>. Voluntas autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5259 se habet ad infinita indeterminate. Et tamen hoc non est frustra,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5260 licet non in omnia actualiter tendat, dummodo tendat actualiter in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5261 id quod convenit loco et tempori. Et ideo etiam habitus non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5262 frustra, licet non omnia reducantur in actum quae habitui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5263 subiacent, dummodo reducatur in actum id quod congruit ad debitum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5264 finem voluntatis secundum exigentiam negotiorum et temporis.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="47358"><span class="ref">[47358] IIIª q. 11 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5265 dicendum quod bonum et ens dupliciter dicitur. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5266 simpliciter. Et sic bonum et ens dicitur substantia, quae in suo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5267 esse et in sua bonitate subsistit. Alio modo dicitur ens et bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5268 secundum quid. Et hoc modo dicitur ens accidens, non quia ipsum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5269 habeat esse et bonitatem, sed quia eo subiectum est ens et bonum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5270 Sic igitur scientia habitualis non est simpliciter melior aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5271 dignior quam anima Christi, sed secundum quid, nam tota bonitas
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5272 habitualis scientiae cedit in bonitatem subiecti.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="47359"><span class="ref">[47359] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5273 proceditur. Videtur quod in anima Christi non fuerit nisi unus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5274 habitus scientiae. Quanto enim scientia est perfectior, tanto est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5275 magis unita, unde et Angeli superiores per formas magis universales
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5276 cognoscunt, ut in prima parte dictum est. Sed scientia Christi fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5277 perfectissima. Ergo fuit maxime una. Non ergo fuit distincta per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5278 plures habitus.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="47360"><span class="ref">[47360] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5279 fides nostra derivatur a scientia Christi, unde dicitur Heb. XII,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5280 <i>aspicientes in auctorem fidei et consummatorem, Iesum</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5281 unus est habitus fidei de omnibus credibilibus, ut in secunda parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5282 dictum est. Ergo multo magis in Christo non fuit nisi unus habitus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5283 scientiae.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="47361"><span class="ref">[47361] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5284 scientiae distinguuntur secundum diversas rationes scibilium. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5285 anima Christi omnia scivit secundum unam rationem, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5286 secundum lumen divinitus infusum. Ergo in Christo fuit tantum unus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5287 habitus scientiae.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 s. c."><a name="47362"><span class="ref">[47362] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5288 quod Zach. III dicitur quod super lapidem unum, idest Christum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5289 sunt septem oculi. Per oculum autem scientia intelligitur. Ergo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5290 videtur quod in Christo fuerunt plures habitus scientiae.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 co."><a name="47363"><span class="ref">[47363] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5291 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, scientia indita animae Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5292 habuit modum connaturalem animae humanae. Est autem connaturale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5293 animae humanae ut recipiat species in minori universalitate quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5294 Angeli, ita scilicet quod diversas naturas specificas per diversas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5295 intelligibiles species cognoscat. Ex hoc autem contingit quod in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5296 nobis sunt diversi habitus scientiarum, quia sunt diversa scibilium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5297 genera, inquantum scilicet ea quae reducuntur in unum genus, eodem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5298 habitu scientiae cognoscuntur; sicut dicitur in I Poster. quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5299 <i>una scientia est quae est unius generis subiecti</i>. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5300 scientia indita animae Christi fuit distincta secundum diversos
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5301 habitus.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="47364"><span class="ref">[47364] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5302 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, scientia animae Christi est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5303 perfectissima, et excedens scientiam Angelorum, quantum ad id quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5304 consideratur in ea ex parte Dei influentis, est tamen infra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5305 scientiam angelicam quantum ad modum recipientis. Et ad huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5306 modum pertinet quod scientia illa per multos habitus distinguatur,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5307 quasi per species magis particulares existens.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="47365"><span class="ref">[47365] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5308 dicendum quod fides nostra innititur primae veritati. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5309 Christus est auctor fidei nostrae secundum divinam scientiam, quae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5310 est simpliciter una.</p><p title="III q. 11 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="47366"><span class="ref">[47366] IIIª q. 11 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5311 dicendum quod lumen divinitus infusum est ratio intelligendi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5312 communis ea quae divinitus revelantur, sicut et lumen intellectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5313 eorum quae naturaliter cognoscuntur. Et ideo oportuit in anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5314 Christi species singularum rerum ponere ad cognoscendum cognitione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5315 propria unumquodque. Et secundum hoc, oportuit esse diversos
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5316 habitus scientiae in anima Christi, ut dictum est.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q12"><h2>Quaestio 12</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 12 pr."><a name="47367"><span class="ref">[47367]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5317 IIIª q. 12 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de scientia
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5318 animae Christi acquisita vel experimentali. Et circa hoc quaeruntur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5319 quatuor. Primo, utrum secundum hanc scientiam Christus cognoverit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5320 omnia. Secundo, utrum in hac scientia profecerit. Tertio, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5321 aliquid ab homine didicerit. Quarto, utrum acceperit aliquid ab
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5322 Angelis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47368"><span class="ref">[47368] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5323 proceditur. Videtur quod secundum hanc scientiam Christus non omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5324 cognovit. Huiusmodi enim scientia per experientiam acquiritur. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5325 Christus non omnia expertus est. Non igitur omnia secundum hanc
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5326 scientiam scivit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47369"><span class="ref">[47369] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5327 scientiam acquirit homo per sensum. Sed non omnia sensibilia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5328 sensibus corporalibus Christi fuerunt subiecta. Non igitur secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5329 hanc scientiam omnia cognovit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47370"><span class="ref">[47370] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5330 quantitas scientiae attenditur secundum scibilia. Si igitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5331 secundum hanc scientiam Christus omnia scivisset, esset in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5332 scientia acquisita aequalis scientiae infusae et scientiae beatae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5333 quod est inconveniens. Non ergo secundum hanc scientiam Christus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5334 omnia scivit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47371"><span class="ref">[47371] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5335 quod nihil imperfectum fuit in Christo quantum ad animam. Fuisset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5336 autem imperfecta haec eius scientia, si secundum eam non scivisset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5337 omnia, quia imperfectum est cui potest fieri additio. Ergo secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5338 hanc scientiam Christus omnia scivit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 co."><a name="47372"><span class="ref">[47372] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5339 dicendum quod scientia acquisita ponitur in anima Christi, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5340 dictum est, propter convenientiam intellectus agentis, ne eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5341 actio sit otiosa, qua facit intelligibilia actu, sicut etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5342 scientia indita vel infusa ponitur in anima Christi ad perfectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5343 intellectus possibilis. Sicut autem intellectus possibilis est quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5344 est omnia fieri, ita intellectus agens est quo est omnia facere, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5345 dicitur in III de anima. Et ideo, sicut per scientiam inditam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5346 scivit anima Christi omnia illa ad quae intellectus possibilis est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5347 quocumque modo in potentia, ita per scientiam acquisitam scivit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5348 omnia illa quae possunt sciri per actionem intellectus agentis.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47373"><span class="ref">[47373] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5349 dicendum quod scientia rerum acquiri potest non solum per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5350 experientiam ipsarum, sed etiam per experientiam quarundam aliarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5351 rerum, cum ex virtute luminis intellectus agentis possit homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5352 procedere ad intelligendum effectus per causas, et causas per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5353 effectus, et similia per similia, et contraria per contraria. Sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5354 igitur, licet Christus non fuerit omnia expertus, ex his tamen quae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5355 expertus est, in omnium devenit notitiam.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47374"><span class="ref">[47374] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5356 dicendum quod, licet corporalibus sensibus Christi non fuerint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5357 subiecta omnia sensibilia, fuerunt tamen sensibus eius subiecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5358 aliqua sensibilia ex quibus, propter excellentissimam vim rationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5359 eius, potuit in aliorum notitiam devenire per modum praedictum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5360 Sicut, videndo corpora caelestia, potuit comprehendere eorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5361 virtutes, et effectus quos habent in istis inferioribus, qui eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5362 sensibus non subiacebant. Et, eadem ratione, ex quibuscumque aliis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5363 in aliorum notitiam devenire potuit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47375"><span class="ref">[47375] IIIª q. 12 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5364 dicendum quod secundum istam scientiam anima Christi non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5365 simpliciter cognovit omnia, sed illa omnia quae per lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5366 intellectus agentis hominis sunt cognoscibilia. Unde per hanc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5367 scientiam non cognovit essentias substantiarum separatarum; nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5368 etiam singularia praeterita vel futura. Quae tamen cognovit per
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5369 scientiam inditam, ut supra dictum est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47376"><span class="ref">[47376] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5370 sic proceditur. Videtur quod secundum hanc scientiam Christus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5371 profecerit. Sicut enim secundum scientiam beatitudinis vel secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5372 scientiam infusam Christus cognovit omnia, ita secundum hanc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5373 scientiam acquisitam, ut ex dictis patet. Sed secundum illas
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5374 scientias non profecit. Ergo nec secundum istam.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47377"><span class="ref">[47377] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5375 proficere est imperfecti, quia perfectum additionem non recipit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5376 Sed in Christo non est ponere scientiam imperfectam. Ergo secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5377 hanc scientiam Christus non profecit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47378"><span class="ref">[47378] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5378 Damascenus dicit, <i>qui proficere dicunt Christum sapientia et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5379 gratia ut additamentum suscipientem, non venerantur unionem</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5380 Non venerari autem unionem est impium. Ergo impium est dicere quod
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5381 scientia eius additamentum acceperit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47379"><span class="ref">[47379] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5382 quod habetur Luc. II, quod <i>Iesus proficiebat sapientia et aetate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5383 et gratia, apud Deum et homines</i>. Et Ambrosius dicit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5384 <i>proficiebat secundum sapientiam humanam</i>. Humana autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5385 sapientia est quae humano modo acquiritur, scilicet per lumen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5386 intellectus agentis. Ergo Christus secundum hanc scientiam
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5387 profecit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 co."><a name="47380"><span class="ref">[47380] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5388 dicendum quod duplex est profectus scientiae. Unus quidem secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5389 essentiam, prout scilicet ipse habitus scientiae augetur. Alius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5390 autem secundum effectum, puta si aliquis, secundum eundem et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5391 aequalem scientiae habitum, primo minora aliis demonstret, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5392 postea maiora et subtiliora. Hoc autem secundo modo, manifestum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5393 quod Christus in scientia et gratia profecit, sicut et in aetate,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5394 quia scilicet, secundum augmentum aetatis, opera maiora faciebat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5395 quae maiorem sapientiam et gratiam demonstrabant. Sed quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5396 ipsum habitum scientiae, manifestum est quod habitus scientiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5397 infusae in eo non est augmentatus, cum a principio plenarie sibi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5398 fuerit omnis scientia infusa. Et multo minus scientia beata in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5399 augeri potuit. De scientia autem divina quod non possit augeri,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5400 supra in prima parte dictum est. Si igitur, praeter habitum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5401 scientiae infusum, non sit in anima Christi habitus aliquis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5402 scientiae acquisitae, ut quibusdam videtur, et mihi aliquando visum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5403 est; nulla scientia in Christo augmentata fuit secundum suam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5404 essentiam, sed solum per experientiam, idest per conversionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5405 specierum intelligibilium inditarum ad phantasmata. Et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5406 hoc, dicunt quod scientia Christi profecit secundum experientiam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5407 convertendo scilicet species intelligibiles inditas ad ea quae de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5408 novo per sensum accepit. Sed quia inconveniens videtur quod aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5409 naturalis actio intelligibilis Christo deesset, cum extrahere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5410 species intelligibiles a phantasmatibus sit quaedam naturalis actio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5411 hominis secundum intellectum agentem, conveniens videtur hanc etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5412 actionem in Christo ponere. Et ex hoc sequitur quod in anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5413 Christi aliquis habitus scientiae fuit qui per huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5414 abstractionem specierum potuerit augmentari, ex hoc scilicet quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5415 intellectus agens, post primas species intelligibiles abstractas a
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5416 phantasmatibus, poterat etiam alias abstrahere.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47381"><span class="ref">[47381] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5417 dicendum quod tam scientia infusa animae Christi, quam scientia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5418 beata, fuit effectus agentis infinitae virtutis, qui potest simul
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5419 totum operari, et ita in neutra scientia Christus profecit, sed a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5420 principio habuit eam perfectam. Sed scientia acquisita est tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5421 ab intellectu agente, qui non simul totum operatur, sed successive.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5422 Et ideo secundum hanc scientiam Christus non a principio scivit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5423 omnia, sed paulatim et post aliquod tempus, scilicet in perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5424 aetate. Quod patet ex hoc quod Evangelista simul dicit eum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5425 profecisse scientia et aetate.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47382"><span class="ref">[47382] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5426 dicendum quod haec etiam scientia in Christo fuit semper perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5427 secundum tempus, licet non fuerit perfecta simpliciter et secundum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5428 naturam. Et ideo potuit habere augmentum.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47383"><span class="ref">[47383] IIIª q. 12 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5429 dicendum quod verbum Damasceni intelligitur quantum ad illos qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5430 dicunt simpliciter factam fuisse additionem scientiae Christi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5431 scilicet secundum quamcumque eius scientiam; et praecipue secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5432 infusam, quae causatur in anima Christi ex unione ad verbum. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5433 autem intelligitur de augmento scientiae quae ex naturali agente
53
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ht
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diff changeset
5434 causatur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47384"><span class="ref">[47384] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5435 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus aliquid ab hominibus didicerit.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5436 Dicitur enim Luc. II quod <i>invenerunt eum in templo in medio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5437 doctorum, interrogantem illos et respondentem</i>. Interrogare vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5438 et respondere est addiscentis. Ergo Christus ab hominibus aliquid
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5439 didicit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47385"><span class="ref">[47385] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5440 acquirere scientiam ab homine docente videtur esse nobilius quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5441 acquirere a sensibus, quia in anima hominis docentis sunt species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5442 intelligibiles in actu, in rebus autem sensibilibus sunt species
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5443 intelligibiles solum in potentia. Sed Christus accipiebat scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5444 experimentalem ex rebus sensibilibus, ut dictum est. Ergo multo
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5445 magis poterat accipere scientiam addiscendo ab hominibus.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47386"><span class="ref">[47386] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5446 Christus secundum scientiam experimentalem a principio non omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5447 scivit, sed in ea profecit, ut dictum est. Sed quilibet audiens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5448 sermonem significativum alicuius, potest addiscere quod nescit.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5449 Ergo Christus potuit ab hominibus aliqua addiscere quae secundum
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5450 hanc scientiam nesciebat.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47387"><span class="ref">[47387] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5451 quod dicitur Isaiae LV, <i>ecce, testem populis dedi eum, ducem ac
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5452 praeceptorem gentibus</i>. Praeceptoris autem non est doceri, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5453 docere. Ergo Christus non accepit aliquam scientiam per doctrinam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5454 alicuius hominis.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 co."><a name="47388"><span class="ref">[47388] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5455 dicendum quod in quolibet genere id quod est primum movens non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5456 movetur secundum illam speciem motus, sicut primum alterans non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5457 alteratur. Christus autem constitutus est caput Ecclesiae, quinimmo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5458 omnium hominum, ut supra dictum est, ut non solum omnes homines per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5459 ipsum gratiam acciperent, sed etiam ut omnes ab eo doctrinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5460 veritatis reciperent. Unde ipse dicit, Ioan. XVIII, <i>in hoc natus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5461 sum, et ad hoc veni in mundum, ut testimonium perhibeam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5462 veritati</i>. Et ideo non fuit conveniens eius dignitati ut a
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5463 quocumque hominum doceretur.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47389"><span class="ref">[47389] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5464 dicendum quod, sicut Origenes dicit, super Luc., <i>dominus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5465 interrogabat, non ut aliquid disceret, sed ut interrogatus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5466 erudiret. Ex uno quippe doctrinae fonte manat et interrogare et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5467 respondere sapienter</i>. Unde et ibidem in Evangelio sequitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5468 <i>stupebant omnes qui eum audiebant super prudentia et responsis
53
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diff changeset
5469 eius</i>.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47390"><span class="ref">[47390] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5470 dicendum quod ille qui addiscit ab homine non accipit inmediate
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5471 scientiam a speciebus intelligibilibus quae sunt in mente ipsius,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5472 sed mediantibus sensibilibus vocibus, tanquam signis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5473 intellectualium conceptionum. Sicut autem voces ab homine formatae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5474 sunt signa intellectualis scientiae ipsius, ita creaturae a Deo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5475 conditae sunt signa sapientiae eius, unde Eccli. I dicitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5476 <i>Deus effudit sapientiam suam super omnia opera sua</i>. Sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5477 igitur dignius est doceri a Deo quam ab homine, ita dignius est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5478 accipere scientiam per sensibiles creaturas quam per hominis
53
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ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5479 doctrinam.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47391"><span class="ref">[47391] IIIª q. 12 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5480 dicendum quod Iesus proficiebat in scientia experimentali sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5481 etiam in aetate, ut dictum est. Sicut autem aetas opportuna
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5482 requiritur ad hoc quod homo accipiat scientiam per inventionem, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5483 etiam ad hoc quod accipiat scientiam per disciplinam. Dominus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5484 nihil fecit quod non congrueret eius aetati. Et ideo audiendis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5485 doctrinae sermonibus non accommodavit auditum nisi illo tempore quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5486 poterat etiam per viam experientiae talem scientiae gradum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5487 attigisse. Unde Gregorius dicit, super Ezech., <i>duodecimo anno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5488 aetatis suae dignatus est homines interrogare in terra, quia, iuxta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5489 rationis usum, doctrinae sermo non suppetit nisi in aetate
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5490 perfecta</i>.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47392"><span class="ref">[47392] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5491 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus ab Angelis scientiam acceperit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5492 Dicitur enim Luc. XXII quod <i>apparuit Christo Angelus de caelo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5493 confortans eum</i>. Sed confortatio fit per verba exhortatoria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5494 docentis, secundum illud Iob IV, <i>ecce, docuisti plurimos, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5495 manus lassas roborasti, vacillantes confirmaverunt sermones
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5496 tui</i>. Ergo Christus ab Angelis doctus est.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47393"><span class="ref">[47393] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5497 Dionysius dicit, IV cap. Cael. Hier., <i>video enim quod et ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5498 Iesus, supercaelestium substantiarum supersubstantialis substantia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5499 ad nostram intransmutabiliter veniens, obedienter subiicitur patris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5500 et Dei per Angelos formationibus</i>. Videtur igitur quod ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5501 Christus ordinationi legis divinae subiici voluerit, per quam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5502 homines, mediantibus Angelis, erudiuntur.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47394"><span class="ref">[47394] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5503 sicut corpus humanum naturali ordine subiicitur corporibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5504 caelestibus, ita etiam humana mens angelicis mentibus. Sed corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5505 Christi subiectum fuit impressionibus caelestium corporum, passus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5506 est enim calorem in aestate et frigus in hieme, sicut et alias
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5507 humanas passiones. Ergo et eius mens humana subiacebat
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5508 illuminationibus supercaelestium spirituum.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47395"><span class="ref">[47395] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5509 quod Dionysius dicit, VII cap. Cael. Hier., quod <i>supremi Angeli
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5510 ad ipsum Iesum quaestionem faciunt, et ipsius divinae operationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5511 pro nobis scientiam discunt, et eas ipse Iesus sine medio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5512 docet</i>. Non est autem eiusdem docere et doceri. Ergo Christus
53
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diff changeset
5513 non accepit scientiam ab Angelis.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 co."><a name="47396"><span class="ref">[47396] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5514 dicendum quod anima humana, sicut media inter substantias
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5515 spirituales et res corporales existit, ita duobus modis nata est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5516 perfici, uno quidem modo, per scientiam acceptam ex rebus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5517 sensibilibus; alio modo, per scientiam inditam sive impressam ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5518 illuminatione spiritualium substantiarum. Utroque autem modo anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5519 Christi fuit perfecta, ex sensibilibus quidem, secundum scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5520 experimentalem, ad quam quidem non requiritur lumen angelicum, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5521 sufficit lumen intellectus agentis; ex impressione vero superiori,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5522 secundum scientiam infusam, quam est immediate adeptus a Deo. Sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5523 enim supra communem modum creaturae anima illa unita est verbo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5524 unitate personae, ita, supra communem modum hominum, immediate ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5525 ipso Dei verbo repleta est scientia et gratia, non autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5526 mediantibus Angelis, qui etiam ex influentia verbi rerum scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5527 in sui principio acceperunt, sicut in II libro super Gen. ad Litt.
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5528 Augustinus dicit.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47397"><span class="ref">[47397] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5529 dicendum quod illa confortatio Angeli non fuit per modum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5530 instructionis, sed ad demonstrandum proprietatem humanae naturae.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5531 Unde Beda dicit, super Luc., <i>in documento utriusque naturae, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5532 Angeli ei ministrasse, et eum confortasse dicuntur. Creator enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5533 suae creaturae non eguit praesidio, sed, homo factus, sicut propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5534 nos tristis est, ita propter nos confortatur</i>; ut scilicet in
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5535 nobis fides incarnationis ipsius confirmetur.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47398"><span class="ref">[47398] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5536 dicendum quod Dionysius dicit Christum angelicis formationibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5537 fuisse subiectum, non ratione sui ipsius, sed ratione eorum quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5538 circa eius incarnationem agebantur, et circa ministrationem in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5539 infantili aetate constituti. Unde ibidem subdit quod <i>per medios
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5540 Angelos nuntiatur Ioseph a patre dispensata Iesu ad Aegyptum
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5541 recessio, et rursum ad Iudaeam de Aegypto traductio</i>.</p><p title="III q. 12 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47399"><span class="ref">[47399] IIIª q. 12 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5542 dicendum quod filius Dei assumpsit corpus passibile, ut infra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5543 dicetur, sed animam perfectam scientia et gratia. Et ideo corpus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5544 eius fuit convenienter subiectum impressioni caelestium corporum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5545 anima vero eius non fuit subiecta impressioni caelestium
53
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diff changeset
5546 spirituum.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q13"><h2>Quaestio 13</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 13 pr."><a name="47400"><span class="ref">[47400]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5547 IIIª q. 13 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de potentia
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5548 animae Christi. Et circa hoc quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5549 habuerit omnipotentiam simpliciter secundo, utrum habuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5550 omnipotentiam respectu corporalium creaturarum. Tertio, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5551 habuerit omnipotentiam respectu proprii corporis. Quarto, utrum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5552 habuerit omnipotentiam respectu executionis propriae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5553 voluntatis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47401"><span class="ref">[47401] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5554 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi habuit omnipotentiam. Dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5555 enim Ambrosius, super Luc., <i>potentiam quam Dei filius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5556 naturaliter habet, homo erat ex tempore accepturus</i>. Sed hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5557 praecipue videtur esse secundum animam, quae est potior pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5558 hominis. Cum ergo filius Dei ab aeterno omnipotentiam habuerit,
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5559 videtur quod anima Christi ex tempore omnipotentiam acceperit.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47402"><span class="ref">[47402] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5560 sicut potentia Dei est infinita, sic et eius scientia. Sed anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5561 Christi habet omnium scientiam eorum quae scit Deus quodammodo, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5562 supra dictum est. Ergo etiam habet omnem potentiam. Et ita est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5563 omnipotens.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47403"><span class="ref">[47403] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5564 anima Christi habet omnem scientiam. Sed scientiarum quaedam est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5565 practica, quaedam speculativa. Ergo habet eorum quae scit scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5566 practicam, ut scilicet sciat facere ea quae scit. Et sic videtur
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5567 quod omnia facere possit.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47404"><span class="ref">[47404] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5568 quod proprium est Dei, non potest alicui creaturae convenire. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5569 proprium est Dei esse omnipotentem, secundum illud Exodi XV,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5570 <i>iste Deus meus, et glorificabo eum</i>; et postea subditur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5571 <i>omnipotens nomen eius</i>. Ergo anima Christi, cum sit creatura,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5572 non habet omnipotentiam.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 co."><a name="47405"><span class="ref">[47405] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5573 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, in mysterio incarnationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5574 ita facta est unio in persona quod tamen remansit distinctio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5575 naturarum, utraque scilicet natura retinente id quod sibi est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5576 proprium. Potentia autem activa cuiuslibet rei sequitur formam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5577 ipsius, quae est principium agendi. Forma autem vel est ipsa natura
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5578 rei, sicut in simplicibus, vel est constituens ipsam rei naturam,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5579 sicut in his quae sunt composita ex materia et forma. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5580 manifestum est quod potentia activa cuiuslibet rei consequitur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5581 naturam ipsius. Et per hunc modum omnipotentia consequenter se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5582 habet ad divinam naturam. Quia enim natura divina est ipsum esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5583 Dei incircumscriptum, ut patet per Dionysium, V cap. de Div. Nom.,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5584 inde est quod habet potentiam activam respectu omnium quae possunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5585 habere rationem entis, quod est habere omnipotentiam, sicut et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5586 quaelibet alia res habet potentiam activam respectu eorum ad quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5587 se extendit perfectio suae naturae, sicut calidum ad calefaciendum.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5588 Cum igitur anima Christi sit pars humanae naturae, impossibile est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5589 quod habeat omnipotentiam.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47406"><span class="ref">[47406] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5590 dicendum quod homo accepit ex tempore omnipotentiam quam filius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5591 habuit ab aeterno, per ipsam unionem personae, ex qua factum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5592 ut, sicut homo dicitur Deus, ita dicatur omnipotens, non quasi sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5593 alia omnipotentia hominis quam filii Dei sicut nec alia deitas; sed
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5594 eo quod est una persona Dei et hominis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47407"><span class="ref">[47407] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5595 dicendum quod alia ratio est de scientia, et de potentia activa,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5596 sicut quidam dicunt. Nam potentia activa consequitur ipsam naturam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5597 rei, eo quod actio consideratur ut egrediens ab agente. Scientia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5598 autem non semper habetur per ipsam essentiam scientis, sed potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5599 haberi per assimilationem scientis ad res scitas secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5600 similitudines susceptas. Sed haec ratio non videtur sufficere. Quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5601 sicut aliquis potest cognoscere per similitudinem susceptam ab
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5602 alio, ita etiam potest agere per formam ab alio susceptam, sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5603 aqua vel ferrum calefacit per calorem susceptum ab igne. Non igitur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5604 per hoc prohibetur quin, sicut anima Christi per similitudines
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5605 omnium rerum sibi a Deo inditas potest omnia cognoscere, ita per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5606 easdem similitudines possit ea facere. Est ergo ulterius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5607 considerandum quod id quod a superiori natura in inferiori
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5608 recipitur, habetur per inferiorem modum, non enim calor in eadem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5609 perfectione et virtute recipitur ab aqua qua est in igne. Quia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5610 igitur anima Christi inferioris naturae est quam divina natura,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5611 similitudines rerum non recipiuntur in ipsa anima Christi secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5612 eandem perfectionem et virtutem secundum quam sunt in natura
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5613 divina. Et inde est quod scientia animae Christi est inferior
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5614 scientia divina, quantum ad modum cognoscendi, quia Deus perfectius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5615 cognoscit quam anima Christi; et etiam quantum ad numerum scitorum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5616 quia anima Christi non cognoscit omnes res quas Deus potest facere,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5617 quae tamen Deus cognoscit scientia simplicis intelligentiae; licet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5618 cognoscat omnia praesentia, praeterita et futura, quae Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5619 cognoscit scientia visionis. Et similiter similitudines rerum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5620 animae Christi inditae non adaequant virtutem divinam in agendo, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5621 scilicet possint omnia agere quae Deus potest; vel etiam eo modo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5622 agere sicut Deus agit, qui agit per virtutem infinitam, cuius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5623 creatura non est capax. Nulla autem res est ad cuius cognitionem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5624 aliqualiter habendam requiratur virtus infinita, licet aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5625 modus cognoscendi sit virtutis infinitae, quaedam tamen sunt quae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5626 non possunt fieri nisi a virtute infinita sicut creatio et alia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5627 huiusmodi, ut patet ex his quae in prima parte dicta sunt. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5628 anima Christi, cum sit creatura et virtutis finitae, potest quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5629 omnia cognoscere, sed non per omnem modum, non autem potest omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5630 facere, quod pertinet ad rationem omnipotentiae et inter cetera,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5631 manifestum est quod non potest creare seipsam.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47408"><span class="ref">[47408] IIIª q. 13 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5632 dicendum quod anima Christi habuit et scientiam practicam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5633 speculativam, non tamen oportet quod omnium illorum habeat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5634 scientiam practicam quorum habuit scientiam speculativam. Ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5635 scientiam enim speculativam habendam sufficit sola conformitas vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5636 assimilatio scientis ad rem scitam, ad scientiam autem practicam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5637 requiritur quod formae rerum quae sunt in intellectu sint factivae.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5638 Plus autem est habere formam et imprimere formam habitam in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5639 alterum, quam solum habere formam, sicut plus est lucere et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5640 illuminare quam solum lucere. Et inde est quod anima Christi habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5641 quidem speculativam scientiam creandi, scit enim qualiter Deus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5642 creat, sed non habet huius modi scientiam practicam, quia non habet
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5643 scientiam creationis factivam.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47409"><span class="ref">[47409] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5644 sic proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi habeat omnipotentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5645 respectu immutationis creaturarum. Dicit enim ipse Matth. ult.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5646 <i>data est mihi omnis potestas in caelo et in terra</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5647 nomine caeli et terrae intelligitur omnis creatura, ut patet cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5648 dicitur, Gen. I, <i>in principio creavit Deus caelum et terram</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5649 Ergo videtur quod anima Christi habeat omnipotentiam respectu
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5650 immutationis creaturarum.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47410"><span class="ref">[47410] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5651 anima Christi est perfectior qualibet creatura. Sed quaelibet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5652 creatura potest moveri ab aliqua alia creatura, dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5653 Augustinus, in III de Trin., quod <i>sicut corpora grossiora et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5654 inferiora per subtiliora et potentiora quodam ordine reguntur, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5655 omnia corpora per spiritum vitae rationalem; et spiritus vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5656 rationalis desertor atque peccator per spiritum vitae rationalem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5657 pium et iustum</i>. Anima autem Christi etiam ipsos supremos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5658 spiritus movet, illuminando eos, ut dicit Dionysius, VII cap. Cael.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5659 Hier. Ergo videtur quod anima Christi habeat omnipotentiam respectu
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5660 immutationis creaturarum.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47411"><span class="ref">[47411] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5661 anima Christi habuit plenissime gratiam miraculorum seu virtutum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5662 sicut et ceteras gratias. Sed omnis immutatio creaturae potest ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5663 gratiam miraculorum pertinere, cum etiam miraculose caelestia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5664 corpora a suo ordine immutata fuerint, sicut probat Dionysius, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5665 epistola ad Polycarpum. Ergo anima Christi habuit omnipotentiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5666 respectu immutationis creaturarum.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47412"><span class="ref">[47412] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5667 quod eiusdem est transmutare creaturas cuius est conservare eas.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5668 Sed hoc est solius Dei, secundum illud Heb. I, <i>portans omnia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5669 verbo virtutis suae</i>. Ergo solius Dei est habere omnipotentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5670 respectu immutationis creaturarum. Non ergo hoc convenit animae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5671 Christi.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 co."><a name="47413"><span class="ref">[47413] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5672 dicendum quod hic duplici distinctione est opus. Quarum prima est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5673 ex parte transmutationis creaturarum, quae triplex est. Una quidem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5674 est naturalis, quae scilicet fit a proprio agente secundum ordinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5675 naturae. Alia vero est miraculosa, quae fit ab agente
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5676 supernaturali, supra consuetum ordinem et cursum naturae, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5677 resuscitatio mortuorum. Tertia autem est secundum quod omnis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5678 creatura vertibilis est in nihil. Secunda autem distinctio est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5679 accipienda ex parte animae Christi, quae dupliciter considerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5680 potest. Uno modo, secundum propriam naturam et virtutem, sive
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5681 naturalem sive gratuitam. Alio modo, prout est instrumentum verbi
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5682 Dei sibi personaliter uniti. Si ergo loquamur de anima Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5683 secundum propriam naturam et virtutem, sive naturalem sive
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5684 gratuitam, potentiam habuit ad illos effectus faciendos qui sunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5685 animae convenientes, puta ad gubernandum corpus, et ad disponendum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5686 actus humanos; et etiam ad illuminandum, per gratiae et scientiae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5687 plenitudinem, omnes creaturas rationales ab eius perfectione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5688 deficientes, per modum quo hoc est conveniens creaturae rationali.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5689 Si autem loquamur de anima Christi secundum quod est instrumentum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5690 verbi sibi uniti, sic habuit instrumentalem virtutem ad omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5691 immutationes miraculosas faciendas ordinabiles ad incarnationis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5692 finem, qui est <i>instaurare omnia, sive quae in caelis sive quae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5693 in terris sunt</i>. Immutationes vero creaturarum secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5694 sunt vertibiles in nihil, correspondent creationi rerum, prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5695 scilicet producuntur ex nihilo. Et ideo, sicut solus Deus potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5696 creare, ita solus potest creaturas in nihilum redigere, qui etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5697 solus eas in esse conservat, ne in nihilum decidant. Sic ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5698 dicendum est quod anima Christi non habet omnipotentiam respectu
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5699 immutationis creaturarum.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47414"><span class="ref">[47414] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5700 dicendum quod, sicut dicit Hieronymus, <i>illi potestas data est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5701 qui paulo ante crucifixus et sepultus in tumulo, qui postea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5702 resurrexit</i>, idest, Christo secundum quod homo. Dicitur autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5703 sibi omnis potestas data ratione unionis, per quam factum est ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5704 homo esset omnipotens, ut supra dictum est. Et quamvis hoc ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5705 resurrectionem innotuerit Angelis, post resurrectionem innotuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5706 omnibus hominibus, ut Remigius dicit. Tunc autem dicuntur res
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5707 fieri, quando innotescunt. Et ideo post resurrectionem dominus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5708 dicit sibi potestatem esse datam in caelo et in terra.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47415"><span class="ref">[47415] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5709 dicendum quod, licet omnis creatura sit mutabilis ab alia creatura,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5710 praeter supremum Angelum, qui tamen potest illuminari ab anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5711 Christi; non tamen omnis immutatio quae potest fieri circa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5712 creaturam, potest fieri a creatura; sed quaedam immutationes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5713 possunt fieri a solo Deo. Quaecumque tamen immutationes creaturarum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5714 possunt fieri per creaturas, possunt etiam fieri per animam Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5715 secundum quod est instrumentum verbi. Non autem secundum propriam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5716 naturam et virtutem, quia quaedam huiusmodi immutationum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5717 pertinent ad animam, neque quantum ad ordinem naturae neque quantum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5718 ad ordinem gratiae.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47416"><span class="ref">[47416] IIIª q. 13 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5719 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est in secunda parte, gratia virtutum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5720 seu miraculorum, datur animae alicuius sancti, non ut propria
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5721 virtute eius, sed ut per virtutem divinam huiusmodi miracula fiant.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5722 Et haec quidem gratia excellentissime data est animae Christi, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5723 scilicet non solum ipse miracula faceret, sed etiam hanc gratiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5724 alios transfunderet. Unde dicitur, Matth. X, quod, <i>convocatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5725 duodecim discipulis, dedit illis potestatem spirituum immundorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5726 ut eiicerent eos; et curarent omnem languorem et omnem
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5727 infirmitatem</i>.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47417"><span class="ref">[47417] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5728 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi habuerit omnipotentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5729 respectu proprii corporis. Dicit enim Damascenus, in III libro,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5730 quod <i>omnia naturalia fuerunt Christo voluntaria, volens enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5731 esurivit, volens sitivit, volens timuit, volens mortuus est</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5732 Sed ex hoc Deus dicitur omnipotens quia <i>omnia quaecumque voluit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5733 fecit</i>. Ergo videtur quod anima Christi habuit omnipotentiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5734 respectu naturalium operationum proprii corporis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47418"><span class="ref">[47418] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5735 Christo fuit perfectius humana natura quam in Adam, in quo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5736 secundum originalem iustitiam quam habuit in statu innocentiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5737 corpus habebat omnino subiectum animae, ut nihil in corpore posset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5738 accidere contra animae voluntatem. Ergo multo magis anima Christi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5739 habuit omnipotentiam respectu sui corporis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47419"><span class="ref">[47419] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, ad
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5740 imaginationem animae naturaliter corpus immutatur; et tanto magis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5741 quanto anima fuerit fortioris imaginationis; ut in prima parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5742 habitum est. Sed anima Christi habuit virtutem perfectissimam, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5743 quantum ad imaginationem, et quantum ad alias vires. Ergo anima
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5744 Christi fuit omnipotens in respectu ad corpus proprium.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47420"><span class="ref">[47420] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5745 quod dicitur Heb. II, quod debuit per omnia fratribus assimilari,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5746 et praecipue in his quae pertinent ad conditionem humanae naturae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5747 Sed ad conditionem humanae naturae pertinet quod valetudo corporis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5748 et eius nutritio et augmentum, imperio rationis, seu voluntati, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5749 subdantur, quia naturalia soli Deo, qui est auctor naturae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5750 subduntur. Ergo nec in Christo subdebantur. Non igitur anima
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5751 Christi fuit omnipotens respectu proprii corporis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 co."><a name="47421"><span class="ref">[47421] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5752 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, anima Christi potest dupliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5753 considerari. Uno modo, secundum propriam virtutem et naturam. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5754 hoc modo, sicut non poterat immutare exteriora corpora a cursu et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5755 ordine naturae, ita etiam non poterat immutare proprium corpus a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5756 naturali dispositione, quia anima, secundum propriam naturam, habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5757 determinatam proportionem ad suum corpus. Alio modo potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5758 considerari anima Christi secundum quod est instrumentum unitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5759 verbo Dei in persona. Et sic subdebatur eius potestati totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5760 omnis dispositio proprii corporis. Quia tamen virtus actionis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5761 proprie attribuitur instrumento, sed principali agenti, talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5762 omnipotentia attribuitur magis ipsi verbo Dei quam animae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5763 Christi.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47422"><span class="ref">[47422] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5764 dicendum quod verbum Damasceni est intelligendum quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5765 voluntatem divinam Christi. Quia, sicut ipse in praecedenti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5766 capitulo dicit, <i>beneplacito divinae voluntatis permittebatur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5767 carni pati et operari quae propria</i>.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47423"><span class="ref">[47423] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5768 dicendum quod non pertinebat hoc ad originalem iustitiam quam Adam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5769 habuit in statu innocentiae, quod anima hominis haberet virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5770 transmutandi corpus proprium in quamcumque formam, sed quod posset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5771 ipsum conservare absque nocumento. Et hanc etiam virtutem Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5772 assumere potuisset, si voluisset. Sed, cum sint tres status
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5773 hominum, scilicet innocentiae culpae et gloriae; sicut de statu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5774 gloriae assumpsit comprehensionem, et de statu innocentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5775 immunitatem a peccato, ita et de statu culpae assumpsit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5776 necessitatem subiacendi poenalitatibus huius vitae, ut infra
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5777 dicetur.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47424"><span class="ref">[47424] IIIª q. 13 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5778 dicendum quod imaginationi, si fortis fuerit, naturaliter obedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5779 corpus quantum ad aliqua. Puta quantum ad casum de trabe in alto
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5780 posita; quia imaginatio nata est esse principium motus localis, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5781 dicitur in III de anima. Similiter etiam quantum ad alterationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5782 quae est secundum calorem et frigus, et alia consequentia, eo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5783 ex imaginatione consequenter natae sunt consequi passiones animae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5784 secundum quas movetur cor, et sic per commotionem spirituum totum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5785 corpus alteratur. Aliae vero dispositiones corporales, quae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5786 habent naturalem ordinem ad imaginationem, non transmutantur ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5787 imaginatione, quantumcumque sit fortis, puta figura manus vel
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5788 pedis, vel aliquid simile.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47425"><span class="ref">[47425] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5789 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi non habuerit omnipotentiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5790 respectu executionis propriae voluntatis. Dicitur enim Marc. VII
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5791 quod, <i>ingressus domum, neminem voluit scire sed non potuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5792 latere</i>. Non ergo potuit exequi in omnibus propositum suae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5793 voluntatis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47426"><span class="ref">[47426] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5794 praeceptum est signum voluntatis, ut in prima parte dictum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5795 dominus quaedam facienda praecepit quorum contraria acciderunt,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5796 dicitur enim Matth. IX quod caecis illuminatis <i>comminatus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5797 Iesus, dicens, videte ne aliquis sciat, illi autem egressi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5798 diffamaverunt illum per totam terram illam</i>. Non ergo in omnibus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5799 potuit exequi propositum suae voluntatis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47427"><span class="ref">[47427] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, id
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5800 quod aliquis potest facere, non petit ab alio. Sed dominus petivit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5801 a patre, orando, illud quod fieri volebat, dicitur enim Luc. VI
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5802 quod <i>exivit in montem orare, et erat pernoctans in oratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5803 Dei</i>. Ergo non potuit exequi in omnibus propositum suae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5804 voluntatis.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47428"><span class="ref">[47428] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5805 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de quaest. Nov. et Vet. Test.,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5806 <i>impossibile est ut salvatoris voluntas non impleatur, nec potest
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5807 velle quod scit fieri non debere</i>.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 co."><a name="47429"><span class="ref">[47429] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5808 dicendum quod anima Christi dupliciter aliquid voluit. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5809 quasi per se implendum. Et sic, dicendum est quod quidquid voluit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5810 potuit. Non enim conveniret sapientiae eius ut aliquid vellet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5811 se facere quod suae voluntati non subiaceret. Alio modo voluit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5812 aliquid ut implendum virtute divina, sicut resuscitationem proprii
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5813 corporis, et alia huiusmodi miraculosa opera. Quae quidem non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5814 poterat propria virtute, sed secundum quod erat instrumentum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5815 divinitatis, ut dictum est.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47430"><span class="ref">[47430] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5816 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de quaest. Nov. et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5817 Vet. Test., <i>quod factum est, hoc voluisse dicendus est Christus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5818 Advertendum est enim quod illud in finibus gestum est gentilium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5819 quibus adhuc tempus praedicandi non erat. Ultro tamen venientes ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5820 fidem non suscipere invidiae erat. A suis ergo noluit praedicari,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5821 requiri autem se voluit. Et ita factum est</i>. Vel potest dici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5822 quod haec voluntas Christi non fuit de eo quod per eum fiendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5823 erat, sed de eo quod erat fiendum per alios, quod non subiacebat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5824 humanae voluntati ipsius. Unde in epistola Agathonis Papae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5825 est recepta in sexta synodo, legitur, <i>ergone ille omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5826 conditor ac redemptor, in terris latere volens, non potuit, nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5827 hoc ad humanam eius voluntatem, quam temporaliter dignatus est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5828 assumere, redigatur?</i></p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47431"><span class="ref">[47431] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5829 dicendum quod, sicut dicit Gregorius, XIX Moral., per hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5830 dominus praecepit taceri virtutes suas, <i>servis suis se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5831 sequentibus exemplum dedit, ut ipsi quidem virtutes suas occultari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5832 desiderent, et tamen, ut alii eorum exemplo proficiant, prodantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5833 inviti</i>. Sic ergo praeceptum illud designabat voluntatem ipsius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5834 qua humanam gloriam refugiebat, secundum illud Ioan. VIII, <i>ego
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5835 gloriam meam non quaero</i>. Volebat tamen absolute, praesertim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5836 secundum divinam voluntatem, ut publicaretur miraculum factum,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5837 propter aliorum utilitatem.</p><p title="III q. 13 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47432"><span class="ref">[47432] IIIª q. 13 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5838 dicendum quod Christus orabat etiam pro his quae virtute divina
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5839 fienda erant, et pro his etiam quae humana voluntate erat facturus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5840 Quia virtus et operatio animae Christi dependebat a Deo, <i>qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5841 operatur in omnibus velle et perficere</i>, ut dicitur Philipp.
53
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diff changeset
5842 II.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q14"><h2>Quaestio 14</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 14 pr."><a name="47433"><span class="ref">[47433]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5843 IIIª q. 14 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5844 defectibus quos Christus in humana natura assumpsit. Et primo, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5845 defectibus corporis; secundo, de defectibus animae. Circa primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5846 quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum filius Dei assumere debuerit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5847 humana natura corporis defectus. Secundo, utrum assumpserit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5848 necessitatem his defectibus subiacendi. Tertio, utrum hos defectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5849 contraxerit. Quarto, utrum omnes huiusmodi defectus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5850 assumpserit.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47434"><span class="ref">[47434] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5851 proceditur. Videtur quod filius Dei non debuit assumere naturam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5852 humanam cum corporis defectibus. Sicut enim anima unita est verbo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5853 Dei personaliter, ita et corpus. Sed anima Christi habuit omnimodam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5854 perfectionem, et quantum ad gratiam et quantum ad scientiam, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5855 supra dictum est. Ergo etiam corpus eius debuit esse omnibus modis
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5856 perfectum, nullum in se habens defectum.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47435"><span class="ref">[47435] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5857 anima Christi videbat verbum Dei ea visione qua beati vident, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5858 supra dictum est, et sic anima Christi erat beata. Sed ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5859 beatitudine animae glorificatur corpus, dicit enim Augustinus, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5860 epistola ad Dioscorum, <i>tam potenti natura Deus fecit animam ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5861 ex eius plenissima beatitudine redundet etiam in inferiorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5862 naturam, quae est corpus, non beatitudo, quae fruentis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5863 intelligentis est propria, sed plenitudo sanitatis, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5864 incorruptionis vigor</i>. Corpus igitur Christi fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5865 incorruptibile, et absque omni defectu.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47436"><span class="ref">[47436] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5866 poena consequitur culpam. Sed in Christo non fuit aliqua culpa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5867 secundum illud I Pet. II, <i>qui peccatum non fecit</i>. Ergo nec
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5868 defectus corporales, qui sunt poenales, in eo esse debuerunt.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 arg. 4"><a name="47437"><span class="ref">[47437] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5869 nullus sapiens assumit id quod impedit illum a proprio fine. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5870 per huiusmodi defectus corporales multipliciter videtur impediri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5871 finis incarnationis. Primo quidem, quia propter huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5872 infirmitates homines ab eius cognitione impediebantur, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5873 illud Isaiae LIII, <i>desideravimus eum; despectum et novissimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5874 virorum, virum dolorum et scientem infirmitatem, et quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5875 absconditus est vultus eius et despectus; unde nec reputavimus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5876 eum</i>. Secundo, quia sanctorum patrum desiderium non videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5877 impleri, ex quorum persona dicitur Isaiae li, <i>consurge,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5878 consurge, induere fortitudinem, brachium domini</i>. Tertio, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5879 congruentius per fortitudinem quam per infirmitatem videbatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5880 potestas Diaboli posse superari, et humana infirmitas posse sanari.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5881 Non ergo videtur conveniens fuisse quod filius Dei humanam naturam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5882 assumpserit cum corporalibus infirmitatibus sive defectibus.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47438"><span class="ref">[47438] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5883 quod dicitur Heb. II, <i>in eo in quo passus est ipse et tentatus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5884 potens est et eis qui tentantur auxiliari</i>. Sed ad hoc venit ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5885 nos adiuvaret, unde et David dicebat, <i>levavi oculos meos in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5886 montes, unde veniet auxilium mihi</i>. Ergo conveniens fuit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5887 filius Dei carnem assumpserit humanis infirmitatibus subiacentem,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5888 ut in ea posset pati et tentari, et sic auxilium nobis ferre.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 co."><a name="47439"><span class="ref">[47439] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5889 dicendum conveniens fuisse corpus assumptum a filio Dei humanis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5890 infirmitatibus et defectibus subiacere, et praecipue propter tria.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5891 Primo quidem, quia ad hoc filius Dei, carne assumpta, venit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5892 mundum, ut pro peccato humani generis satisfaceret. Unus autem pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5893 peccato alterius satisfacit dum poenam peccato alterius debitam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5894 seipsum suscipit. Huiusmodi autem defectus corporales, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5895 mors, fames et sitis, et huiusmodi, sunt poena peccati, quod est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5896 mundum per Adam introductum, secundum illud Rom. V, <i>per unum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5897 hominem peccatum intravit in mundum, et per peccatum mors</i>. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5898 conveniens fuit, quantum ad finem incarnationis, quod huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5899 poenalitates in nostra carne susciperet, vice nostra, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5900 illud Isaiae LIII, <i>vere languores nostros ipse tulit</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5901 Secundo, propter fidem incarnationis adstruendam. Cum enim natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5902 humana non aliter esset nota hominibus nisi prout huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5903 corporalibus defectibus subiacet, si sine his defectibus filius Dei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5904 naturam humanam assumpsisset, videretur non fuisse verus homo, nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5905 veram carnem habuisse, sed phantasticam, ut Manichaei dixerunt. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5906 ideo, ut dicitur Philipp. II, <i>exinanivit semetipsum, formam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5907 servi accipiens, in similitudinem hominum factus et habitu inventus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5908 ut homo</i>. Unde et Thomas per aspectum vulnerum ad fidem est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5909 revocatus, ut dicitur Ioan. XX. Tertio, propter exemplum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5910 patientiae, quod nobis exhibet passiones et defectus humanos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5911 fortiter tolerando. Unde dicitur Heb. XII, <i>sustinuit a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5912 peccatoribus adversus semetipsum contradictionem, ut non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5913 fatigemini, animis vestris deficientes</i>.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47440"><span class="ref">[47440] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5914 dicendum quod satisfactio pro peccato alterius habet quidem quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5915 materiam poenas quas aliquis pro peccato alterius sustinet, sed pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5916 principio habet habitum animae ex quo inclinatur ad volendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5917 satisfacere pro alio, et ex quo satisfactio efficaciam habet; non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5918 enim esset satisfactio efficax nisi ex caritate procederet, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5919 infra dicetur. Et ideo oportuit animam Christi perfectam esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5920 quantum ad habitus scientiarum et virtutum, ut haberet facultatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5921 satisfaciendi, et quod corpus eius subiectum esset infirmitatibus,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5922 ut ei satisfactionis materia non deesset.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47441"><span class="ref">[47441] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5923 dicendum quod, secundum naturalem habitudinem quae est inter animam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5924 et corpus, ex gloria animae redundat gloria ad corpus, sed haec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5925 naturalis habitudo in Christo subiacebat voluntati divinitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5926 ipsius, ex qua factum est ut beatitudo remaneret in anima et non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5927 derivaretur ad corpus, sed caro pateretur quae conveniunt naturae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5928 passibili; secundum illud quod dicit Damascenus, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5929 <i>beneplacito divinae voluntatis permittebatur carni pati et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5930 operari quae propria</i>.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47442"><span class="ref">[47442] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5931 dicendum quod poena semper sequitur culpam, actualem vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5932 originalem, quandoque quidem eius qui punitur; quandoque autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5933 alterius, pro quo ille qui patitur poenas satisfacit. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5934 accidit in Christo, secundum illud Isaiae LIII, <i>ipse vulneratus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5935 est propter iniquitates nostras; attritus est propter scelera
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5936 nostra</i>.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 1 ad 4"><a name="47443"><span class="ref">[47443] IIIª q. 14 a. 1 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5937 dicendum quod infirmitas assumpta a Christo non impedivit finem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5938 incarnationis, sed maxime promovit, ut dictum est. Et quamvis per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5939 huiusmodi infirmitates absconderetur eius divinitas, manifestabatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5940 tamen humanitas, quae est via ad divinitatem perveniendi, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5941 illud Rom. V, <i>accessum habemus ad Deum per Iesum Christum</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5942 Desiderabant autem antiqui patres in Christo, non quidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5943 fortitudinem corporalem, sed spiritualem, per quam et Diabolum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5944 vicit et humanam infirmitatem sanavit.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47444"><span class="ref">[47444] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5945 sic proceditur. Videtur quod Christus non ex necessitate his
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5946 defectibus subiacuerit. Dicitur enim Isaiae LIII, <i>oblatus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5947 quia ipse voluit</i>, et loquitur de oblatione ad passionem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5948 voluntas opponitur necessitati. Ergo Christus non ex necessitate
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5949 subiacuit corporis defectibus.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47445"><span class="ref">[47445] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5950 Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>nihil coactum in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5951 consideratur, sed omnia voluntaria</i>. Sed quod est voluntarium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5952 non est necessarium. Ergo huiusmodi defectus non fuerunt ex
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5953 necessitate in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47446"><span class="ref">[47446] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5954 necessitas infertur ab aliquo potentiori. Sed nulla creatura est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5955 potentior quam anima Christi, ad quam pertinebat proprium corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5956 conservare. Ergo huiusmodi defectus seu infirmitates non fuerunt in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5957 Christo ex necessitate.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47447"><span class="ref">[47447] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5958 quod apostolus dicit, Rom. VIII, <i>misit Deus filium suum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5959 similitudinem carnis peccati</i>. Sed conditio carnis peccati est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5960 quod habeat necessitatem moriendi, et sustinendi alias huiusmodi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5961 passiones. Ergo talis necessitas sustinendi hos defectus fuit in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5962 carne Christi.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 co."><a name="47448"><span class="ref">[47448] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5963 dicendum quod duplex est necessitas. Una quidem coactionis, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5964 fit ab agente extrinseco. Et haec quidem necessitas contrariatur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5965 naturae et voluntati, quorum utrumque est principium intrinsecum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5966 Alia autem est necessitas naturalis, quae consequitur principia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5967 naturalia, puta formam, sicut necessarium est ignem calefacere; vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5968 materiam, sicut necessarium est corpus ex contrariis compositum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5969 dissolvi. Secundum igitur hanc necessitatem quae consequitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5970 materiam, corpus Christi subiectum fuit necessitati mortis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5971 aliorum huiusmodi defectuum. Quia, sicut dictum est, <i>beneplacito
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5972 divinae voluntatis Christi carni permittebatur agere et pati quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5973 propria</i>, haec autem necessitas causatur ex principiis humanae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5974 carnis, ut dictum est. Si autem loquamur de necessitate coactionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5975 secundum quod repugnat naturae corporali, sic iterum corpus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5976 Christi, secundum conditionem propriae naturae, necessitati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5977 subiacuit et clavi perforantis et flagelli percutientis. Secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5978 vero quod necessitas talis repugnat voluntati, manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5979 in Christo non fuit necessitas horum defectuum, nec per respectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5980 ad voluntatem divinam; nec per respectum ad voluntatem humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5981 Christi absolute, prout sequitur rationem deliberativam; sed solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5982 secundum naturalem motum voluntatis, prout scilicet naturaliter
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5983 refugit mortem et corporis nocumenta.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47449"><span class="ref">[47449] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5984 dicendum quod Christus dicitur oblatus quia voluit, et voluntate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5985 divina, et voluntate humana deliberata, licet mors esset contra
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5986 naturalem motum voluntatis humanae, ut dicit Damascenus.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47450"><span class="ref">[47450] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
5987 patet responsio ex dictis.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47451"><span class="ref">[47451] IIIª q. 14 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5988 dicendum quod nihil fuit potentius quam anima Christi absolute,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5989 nihil tamen prohibet aliquid fuisse potentius quantum ad hunc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5990 effectum; sicut clavus ad perforandum. Et hoc dico secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5991 anima Christi consideratur secundum propriam naturam et
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5992 virtutem.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47452"><span class="ref">[47452] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5993 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus defectus corporales contraxit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5994 Illud enim contrahere dicimur quod simul cum natura ex origine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5995 trahimus. Sed Christus simul cum natura humana defectus et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
5996 infirmitates corporales per suam originem traxit a matre, cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5997 caro huiusmodi defectibus subiacebat. Ergo videtur quod hos
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
5998 defectus contraxit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47453"><span class="ref">[47453] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
5999 illud quod ex principiis naturae causatur, simul cum natura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6000 trahitur, et ita contrahitur. Sed huiusmodi poenalitates causantur
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6001 ex principiis naturae humanae. Ergo eas Christus contraxit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47454"><span class="ref">[47454] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6002 secundum huiusmodi defectus Christus aliis hominibus similatur ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6003 dicitur Heb. II. Sed alii homines huiusmodi defectus contraxerunt.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6004 Ergo videtur quod etiam Christus huiusmodi defectus contraxit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47455"><span class="ref">[47455] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6005 quod huiusmodi defectus contrahuntur ex peccato, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6006 Rom. V, <i>per unum hominem peccatum intravit in hunc mundum, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6007 per peccatum mors</i>. Sed in Christo non habuit locum peccatum.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6008 Ergo huiusmodi defectus Christus non contraxit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 co."><a name="47456"><span class="ref">[47456] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6009 dicendum quod in verbo contrahendi intelligitur ordo effectus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6010 causam, ut scilicet illud dicatur contrahi quod simul cum sua causa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6011 ex necessitate trahitur. Causa autem mortis et horum defectuum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6012 humana natura est peccatum, quia <i>per peccatum mors intravit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6013 mundum</i>, ut dicitur Rom. V. Et ideo illi proprie dicuntur hos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6014 defectus contrahere qui ex debito peccati hos defectus incurrunt.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6015 Christus autem hos defectus non habuit ex debito peccati, quia, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6016 Augustinus dicit, exponens illud Ioan. III, <i>qui de sursum venit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6017 super omnes est, de sursum venit Christus, idest de altitudine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6018 humanae naturae, quam habuit ante peccatum primi hominis</i>.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6019 Accepit enim naturam humanam absque peccato in illa puritate in qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6020 erat in statu innocentiae. Et simili modo potuisset assumere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6021 humanam naturam absque defectibus. Sic igitur patet quod Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6022 non contraxit hos defectus, quasi ex debito peccati eos suscipiens,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6023 sed ex propria voluntate.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47457"><span class="ref">[47457] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6024 dicendum quod caro virginis concepta fuit in originali peccato, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6025 ideo hos defectus contraxit. Sed caro Christi ex virgine assumpsit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6026 naturam absque culpa. Et similiter potuisset naturam assumere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6027 absque poena, sed voluit suscipere poenam propter opus nostrae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6028 redemptionis implendum, sicut dictum est. Et ideo habuit huiusmodi
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6029 defectus, non contrahendo, sed voluntarie assumendo.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47458"><span class="ref">[47458] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6030 dicendum quod causa mortis et aliorum corporalium defectuum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6031 humana natura est duplex. Una quidem remota, quae accipitur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6032 parte principiorum materialium humani corporis, inquantum est ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6033 contrariis compositum. Sed haec causa impediebatur per originalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6034 iustitiam. Et ideo proxima causa mortis et aliorum defectuum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6035 peccatum, per quod est subtracta originalis iustitia. Et propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6036 hoc, quia Christus fuit sine peccato, dicitur non contraxisse
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6037 huiusmodi defectus, sed voluntarie assumpsisse.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47459"><span class="ref">[47459] IIIª q. 14 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6038 dicendum quod Christus in huiusmodi defectibus assimilatus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6039 aliis hominibus quantum ad qualitatem defectuum, non autem quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6040 ad causam. Et ideo non contraxit huiusmodi defectus, sicut et
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6041 alii.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47460"><span class="ref">[47460] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6042 proceditur. Videtur quod Christus omnes defectus corporales hominum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6043 assumere debuit. Dicit enim Damascenus, <i>quod est inassumptibile,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6044 est incurabile</i>. Sed Christus venerat omnes defectus nostros
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6045 curare. Ergo omnes defectus nostros assumere debuit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47461"><span class="ref">[47461] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6046 dictum est quod ad hoc quod Christus pro nobis satisfaceret, debuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6047 habere habitus perfectivos in anima et defectus in corpore. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6048 ipse ex parte animae assumpsit plenitudinem omnis gratiae. Ergo ex
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6049 parte corporis debuit assumere omnes defectus.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47462"><span class="ref">[47462] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6050 inter omnes defectus corporales praecipuum locum tenet mors. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6051 Christus mortem assumpsit. Ergo multo magis omnes defectus alios
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6052 assumere debuit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47463"><span class="ref">[47463] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6053 quod contraria non possunt simul fieri in eodem. Sed quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6054 infirmitates sunt sibi ipsis contrariae, utpote ex contrariis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6055 principiis causatae. Ergo non potuit esse quod Christus omnes
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6056 infirmitates humanas assumeret.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 co."><a name="47464"><span class="ref">[47464] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6057 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, Christus humanos defectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6058 assumpsit ad satisfaciendum pro peccato humanae naturae, ad quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6059 requirebatur quod perfectionem scientiae et gratiae haberet in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6060 anima. Illos igitur defectus Christus assumere debuit qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6061 consequuntur ex peccato communi totius naturae, nec tamen repugnant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6062 perfectioni scientiae et gratiae. Sic igitur non fuit conveniens ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6063 omnes defectus seu infirmitates humanas assumeret. Sunt enim quidam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6064 defectus qui repugnant perfectioni scientiae et gratiae, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6065 ignorantia, pronitas ad malum, et difficultas ad bonum. Quidam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6066 autem defectus sunt qui non consequuntur communiter totam humanam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6067 naturam propter peccatum primi parentis, sed causantur in aliquibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6068 hominibus ex quibusdam particularibus causis, sicut lepra et morbus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6069 caducus et alia huiusmodi. Qui quidem defectus quandoque causantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6070 ex culpa hominis, puta ex inordinatione victus, quandoque autem ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6071 defectu virtutis formativae. Quorum neutrum convenit Christo, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6072 caro eius de spiritu sancto concepta est, qui est infinitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6073 sapientiae et virtutis, errare et deficere non valens; et ipse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6074 nihil inordinatum in regimine suae vitae exercuit. Sunt autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6075 tertii defectus qui in omnibus hominibus communiter inveniuntur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6076 peccato primi parentis, sicut mors, fames, sitis, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6077 huiusmodi. Et hos defectus omnes Christus suscepit. Quos Damascenus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6078 vocat naturales et indetractibiles passiones, naturales quidem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6079 quia consequuntur communiter totam humanam naturam; indetractibiles
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6080 quidem, quia defectum scientiae et gratiae non important.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47465"><span class="ref">[47465] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6081 dicendum quod omnes particulares defectus hominum causantur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6082 corruptibilitate et passibilitate corporis, superadditis quibusdam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6083 particularibus causis. Et ideo, dum Christus curavit passibilitatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6084 et corruptibilitatem corporis nostri per hoc quod eam assumpsit, ex
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6085 consequenti omnes alios defectus curavit.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47466"><span class="ref">[47466] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6086 dicendum quod plenitudo omnis gratiae et scientiae animae Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6087 secundum se debebatur, ex hoc ipso quod erat a verbo Dei assumpta.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6088 Et ideo absolute omnem plenitudinem sapientiae et gratiae Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6089 assumpsit. Sed defectus nostros dispensative assumpsit, ut pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6090 peccato nostro satisfaceret, non quia ei secundum se competerent.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6091 Et ideo non oportuit quod omnes assumeret, sed solum illos qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6092 sufficiebant ad satisfaciendum pro peccato totius humanae
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6093 naturae.</p><p title="III q. 14 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47467"><span class="ref">[47467] IIIª q. 14 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6094 dicendum quod mors in omnes homines devenit ex peccato primi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6095 parentis, non autem quidam alii defectus, licet sint morte minores.
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6096 Unde non est similis ratio.</p></div></div><div class="q" id="q15"><h2>Quaestio 15</h2><div class="p"><h3>Prooemium</h3><p title="III q. 15 pr."><a name="47468"><span class="ref">[47468]
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6097 IIIª q. 15 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6098 defectibus pertinentibus ad animam. Et circa hoc quaeruntur decem.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6099 Primo, utrum in Christo fuerit peccatum. Secundo, utrum in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6100 fuerit fomes peccati. Tertio, utrum in eo fuerit ignorantia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6101 Quarto, utrum anima eius fuerit passibilis. Quinto, utrum in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6102 fuerit dolor sensibilis. Sexto, utrum in eo fuerit tristitia.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6103 Septimo, utrum in eo fuerit timor. Octavo, utrum in eo fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6104 admiratio. Nono, utrum in eo fuerit ira. Decimo, utrum simul fuerit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6105 viator et comprehensor.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 1</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="47469"><span class="ref">[47469] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6106 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo fuerit peccatum. Dicitur enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6107 in Psalmo, <i>Deus, Deus meus, ut quid dereliquisti? Longe a salute
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6108 mea verba delictorum meorum</i>. Haec autem verba dicuntur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6109 persona ipsius Christi, ut patet ex hoc quod ipse ea in cruce
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6110 protulit. Ergo videtur quod in Christo fuerint delicta.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="47470"><span class="ref">[47470] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6111 Rom. V dicit apostolus quod in Adam omnes peccaverunt, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6112 quia in eo originaliter fuerunt. Sed etiam Christus originaliter
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6113 fuit in Adam. Ergo in eo peccavit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="47471"><span class="ref">[47471] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6114 apostolus dicit, Heb. II, quod <i>in eo in quo Christus passus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6115 et tentatus, potens est et his qui tentantur auxiliari</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6116 maxime indigebamus auxilio eius contra peccatum. Ergo videtur quod
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6117 in eo fuerit peccatum.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 arg. 4"><a name="47472"><span class="ref">[47472] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea, II
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6118 Cor. V dicitur quod Deus <i>eum qui non noverat peccatum, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6119 Christum, pro nobis fecit peccatum</i>. Sed illud vere est quod a
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6120 Deo factum est. Ergo in Christo vere fuit peccatum.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 arg. 5"><a name="47473"><span class="ref">[47473] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6121 sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de agone Christiano, <i>in homine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6122 Christo se nobis ad exemplum praebuit filius Dei</i>. Sed homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6123 indiget exemplo non solum ad recte vivendum, sed etiam ad hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6124 poeniteat de peccatis. Ergo videtur quod in Christo debuit esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6125 peccatum, ut, de peccatis poenitendo, poenitentiae nobis daret
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6126 exemplum.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 s. c."><a name="47474"><span class="ref">[47474] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6127 quod ipse dicit, Ioan. VIII, <i>quis ex vobis arguet me de
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6128 peccato?</i></p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 co."><a name="47475"><span class="ref">[47475] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6129 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, Christus suscepit defectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6130 nostros ut pro nobis satisfaceret; et veritatem humanae naturae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6131 comprobaret; et ut nobis exemplum virtutis fieret. Secundum quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6132 tria manifestum est quod defectum peccati assumere non debuit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6133 Primo enim, peccatum nihil operatur ad satisfactionem, quinimmo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6134 virtutem satisfactionis impedit; quia, ut dicitur Eccli. XXXIV,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6135 <i>dona iniquorum non probat altissimus</i>. Similiter etiam ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6136 peccato non demonstratur veritas humanae naturae, quia peccatum non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6137 pertinet ad humanam naturam, cuius Deus est causa; sed magis est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6138 contra naturam per seminationem Diaboli introductum, ut Damascenus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6139 dicit. Tertio, peccando exempla virtutum praebere non potuit, cum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6140 peccatum contrarietur virtuti. Et ideo Christus nullo modo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6141 assumpsit defectum peccati, nec originalis nec actualis, secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6142 illud quod dicitur I Pet. II, <i>qui peccatum non fecit, nec
53
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diff changeset
6143 inventus est dolus in ore eius</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="47476"><span class="ref">[47476] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6144 dicendum quod, sicut Damascenus dicit, in III libro, dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6145 aliquid de Christo, uno modo, secundum proprietatem naturalem et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6146 hypostaticam, sicut dicitur quod factus est homo, et quod pro nobis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6147 passus est; alio modo, secundum proprietatem personalem et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6148 habitudinalem, prout scilicet aliqua dicuntur de ipso in persona
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6149 nostra quae sibi secundum se nullo modo conveniunt. Unde et inter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6150 septem regulas Tichonii, quas ponit Augustinus in III de Doct.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6151 Christ., prima ponitur <i>de domino et eius corpore</i>, cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6152 scilicet Christi et Ecclesiae una persona aestimatur. Et secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6153 hoc, Christus ex persona membrorum suorum loquens dicit, verba
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6154 delictorum meorum, non quod in ipso capite delicta fuerint.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="47477"><span class="ref">[47477] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6155 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, X super Gen. ad Litt., non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6156 omni modo Christus fuit in Adam, et in aliis patribus, quo nos ibi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6157 fuimus. Nos enim fuimus in Adam secundum rationem seminalem, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6158 secundum corpulentam substantiam, quia scilicet, ut ipse ibidem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6159 dicit, <i>cum sit in semine et visibilis corpulentia et invisibilis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6160 ratio, utrumque cucurrit ex Adam. Sed Christus visibilem carnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6161 substantiam de carne virginis sumpsit, ratio vero conceptionis eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6162 non a semine virili, sed longe aliter, ac desuper venit</i>. Unde
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6163 non fuit in Adam secundum seminalem rationem, sed solum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6164 corpulentam substantiam. Et ideo Christus non accepit active ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6165 Adam naturam humanam, sed solum materialiter, active vero a spiritu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6166 sancto, sicut et ipse Adam materialiter sumpsit corpus ex limo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6167 terrae, active autem a Deo. Et propter hoc Christus non peccavit in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
6168 Adam, in quo fuit solum secundum materiam.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="47478"><span class="ref">[47478] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6169 dicendum quod Christus sua tentatione et passione nobis auxilium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6170 tulit pro nobis satisfaciendo. Sed peccatum non cooperatur ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6171 satisfactionem, sed magis ipsam impedit, ut dictum est. Et ideo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6172 oportuit ut peccatum in se haberet, sed quod omnino esset purus a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6173 peccato, alioquin, poena quam sustinuit fuisset sibi debita pro
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6174 peccato proprio.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 ad 4"><a name="47479"><span class="ref">[47479] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6175 dicendum quod Deus fecit Christum peccatum, non quidem ut in se
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6176 peccatum haberet, sed quia fecit eum hostiam pro peccato, sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6177 Osee IV dicitur, peccata populi mei comedent, scilicet sacerdotes,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6178 qui secundum legem comedebant hostias pro peccato oblatas. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6179 secundum hunc modum dicitur Isaiae LIII, quod <i>dominus posuit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6180 eo iniquitates omnium nostrum</i>, quia scilicet eum tradidit ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6181 esset hostia pro peccatis omnium hominum. Vel, fecit eum peccatum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6182 idest, <i>habentem similitudinem carnis peccati</i>, ut dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6183 Rom. VIII. Et hoc propter corpus passibile et mortale quod
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6184 assumpsit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 1 ad 5"><a name="47480"><span class="ref">[47480] IIIª q. 15 a. 1 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6185 dicendum quod poenitens laudabile exemplum dare potest, non ex eo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6186 quod peccavit, sed in hoc quod voluntarie poenam sustinet pro
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6187 peccato. Unde Christus dedit maximum exemplum poenitentibus, dum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
6188 non pro peccato proprio, sed pro peccatis aliorum voluit poenam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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diff changeset
6189 subire.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 2</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="47481"><span class="ref">[47481] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6190 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo fuerit fomes peccati. Ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6191 eodem enim principio derivatur fomes peccati, et passibilitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6192 corporis sive mortalitas, scilicet ex subtractione originalis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6193 iustitiae, per quam simul inferiores vires animae subdebantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6194 rationi, et corpus animae. Sed in Christo fuit passibilitas
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
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diff changeset
6195 corporis et mortalitas. Ergo etiam in eo fuit fomes peccati.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="47482"><span class="ref">[47482] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6196 sicut Damascenus dicit, in III libro, <i>beneplacito divinae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6197 voluntatis permittebatur caro Christi pati et operari quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6198 propria</i>. Sed proprium est carni ut concupiscat delectabilia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6199 sibi. Cum ergo nihil aliud sit fomes quam concupiscentia, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6200 dicitur in Glossa, Rom. VII, videtur quod in Christo fuerit fomes
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6201 peccati.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="47483"><span class="ref">[47483] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6202 ratione fomitis <i>caro concupiscit adversus spiritum</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6203 dicitur Galat. V. Sed tanto spiritus ostenditur esse fortior et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6204 magis dignus corona, quanto magis super hostem, scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6205 concupiscentiam carnis, dominatur, secundum illud II Tim. II,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6206 <i>non coronabitur nisi qui legitime certaverit</i>. Christus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6207 habuit fortissimum et victoriosissimum spiritum, et maxime dignum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6208 corona, secundum illud Apoc. VI, <i>data est ei corona, et exivit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6209 vincens, ut vinceret</i>. Videtur ergo quod in Christo debuerit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6210 esse maxime fomes peccati.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 s. c."><a name="47484"><span class="ref">[47484] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6211 quod dicitur Matth. I, <i>quod in ea natum est, de spiritu sancto
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6212 est</i>. Sed spiritus sanctus excludit peccatum, et inclinationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6213 peccati, quae importatur nomine fomitis. Ergo in Christo non fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6214 fomes peccati.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 co."><a name="47485"><span class="ref">[47485] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6215 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, Christus perfectissime
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6216 habuit gratiam et omnes virtutes. Virtus autem moralis quae est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6217 irrationali parte animae, eam facit rationi esse subiectam, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6218 tanto magis quanto perfectior fuerit virtus, sicut temperantia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6219 concupiscibilem, et fortitudo et mansuetudo irascibilem, ut in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6220 secunda parte dictum est. Ad rationem autem fomitis pertinet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6221 inclinatio sensualis appetitus in id quod est contra rationem. Sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6222 igitur patet quod, quanto virtus fuerit magis in aliquo perfecta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6223 tanto magis debilitatur in eo vis fomitis. Cum igitur in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6224 fuerit virtus secundum perfectissimum gradum, consequens est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6225 in eo fomes peccati non fuerit, cum etiam iste defectus non sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6226 ordinabilis ad satisfaciendum, sed potius inclinat ad contrarium
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6227 satisfactioni.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="47486"><span class="ref">[47486] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6228 dicendum quod inferiores vires pertinentes ad sensibilem appetitum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6229 naturaliter sunt obedibiles rationi, non autem vires corporales,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6230 vel humorum corporalium, vel etiam ipsius animae vegetabilis, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6231 patet in I Ethic. Et ideo perfectio virtutis, quae est secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6232 rationem rectam, non excludit passibilitatem corporis, excludit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6233 autem fomitem peccati, cuius ratio consistit in resistentia
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6234 sensibilis appetitus ad rationem.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="47487"><span class="ref">[47487] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6235 dicendum quod caro naturaliter concupiscit id quod est sibi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6236 delectabile, concupiscentia appetitus sensitivi, sed caro hominis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6237 qui est animal rationale, hoc concupiscit secundum modum et ordinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6238 rationis. Et hoc modo caro Christi, concupiscentia appetitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6239 sensitivi, naturaliter appetebat escam et potum et somnum, et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6240 huiusmodi quae secundum rationem rectam appetuntur, ut patet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6241 Damascenum, in III libro. Ex hoc autem non sequitur quod in Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6242 fuerit fomes peccati, qui importat concupiscentiam delectabilium
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6243 praeter ordinem rationis.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="47488"><span class="ref">[47488] IIIª q. 15 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6244 dicendum quod fortitudo spiritus aliqualis ostenditur ex hoc quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6245 resistit concupiscentiae carnis sibi contrariantis, sed maior
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6246 fortitudo spiritus ostenditur si per eius virtutem totaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6247 comprimatur, ne contra spiritum concupiscere possit. Et ideo hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6248 competebat Christo, cuius spiritus summum gradum fortitudinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6249 attigerat. Et licet non sustinuerit impugnationem interiorem ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6250 parte fomitis, sustinuit tamen exteriorem impugnationem ex parte
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6251 mundi et Diaboli, quos superando victoriae coronam promeruit.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 3</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="47489"><span class="ref">[47489] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6252 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo fuerit ignorantia. Illud enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6253 vere fuit in Christo quod sibi competit secundum humanam naturam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6254 licet non competat secundum divinam, sicut passio et mors. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6255 ignorantia convenit Christo secundum humanam naturam, dicit enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6256 Damascenus, in III libro, quod <i>ignorantem et servilem assumpsit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6257 naturam</i>. Ergo ignorantia vere fuit in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="47490"><span class="ref">[47490] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6258 aliquis dicitur ignorans per notitiae defectum. Sed aliqua notitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6259 defuit Christo, dicit enim apostolus, II Cor. V, <i>eum qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6260 novit peccatum, pro nobis peccatum fecit</i>. Ergo in Christo fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6261 ignorantia.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="47491"><span class="ref">[47491] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6262 Isaiae VIII dicitur, <i>antequam sciat puer vocare patrem suum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6263 matrem suam, auferetur fortitudo Damasci</i>. Puer autem ille est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6264 Christus. Ergo in Christo fuit aliquarum rerum ignorantia.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 s. c."><a name="47492"><span class="ref">[47492] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6265 ignorantia per ignorantiam non tollitur. Christus autem ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6266 venit ut ignorantias nostras auferret, venit enim <i>ut illuminaret
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6267 his qui in tenebris et in umbra mortis sedent</i>. Ergo in Christo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6268 ignorantia non fuit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 co."><a name="47493"><span class="ref">[47493] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6269 dicendum quod, sicut in Christo fuit plenitudo gratiae et virtutis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6270 ita in ipso fuit plenitudo omnis scientiae, ut ex praemissis patet.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6271 Sicut autem in Christo plenitudo gratiae et virtutis excludit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6272 peccati fomitem, ita plenitudo scientiae excludit ignorantiam, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6273 scientiae opponitur. Unde, sicut in Christo non fuit fomes peccati,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6274 ita non fuit in eo ignorantia.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="47494"><span class="ref">[47494] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6275 dicendum quod natura a Christo assumpta potest dupliciter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6276 considerari. Uno modo, secundum rationem suae speciei. Et secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6277 hoc dicit Damascenus eam esse ignorantem et servilem. Unde subdit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6278 <i>nam serva est quidem hominis natura eius qui fecit ipsam, Dei,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6279 et non habet futurorum cognitionem</i>. Alio modo potest
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6280 considerari secundum illud quod habet ex unione ad hypostasim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6281 divinam, ex qua habet plenitudinem scientiae et gratiae, secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6282 illud Ioan. I, <i>vidimus eum, quasi unigenitum a patre, plenum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6283 gratiae et veritatis</i>. Et hoc modo natura humana in Christo
53
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diff changeset
6284 ignorantiam non habuit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="47495"><span class="ref">[47495] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6285 dicendum quod Christus dicitur non novisse peccatum, quia nescivit
53
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diff changeset
6286 per experientiam. Scivit autem per simplicem notitiam.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="47496"><span class="ref">[47496] IIIª q. 15 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6287 dicendum quod propheta ibi loquitur de humana Christi scientia.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6288 Dicit ergo, antequam sciat puer, scilicet secundum humanitatem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6289 vocare patrem suum, Ioseph, qui pater fuit putative, et matrem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6290 suam, scilicet Mariam, auferetur fortitudo Damasci. Quod non est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6291 sic intelligendum quasi aliquando fuerit homo et hoc nesciverit,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6292 sed, antequam sciat, idest, antequam fiat homo scientiam habens
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6293 humanam, auferetur vel, ad litteram, fortitudo Damasci et spolia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6294 Samariae, per regem Assyriorum; vel, spiritualiter, quia, nondum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6295 natus, populum suum sola invocatione salvabit, ut Glossa Hieronymi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6296 exponit. Augustinus tamen, in sermone de Epiph., dicit hoc esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6297 completum in adoratione magorum. Ait enim, <i>antequam per humanam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6298 carnem humana verba proferret, accepit virtutem Damasci, scilicet
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6299 divitias, in quibus Damascus praesumebat in divitiis autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6300 principatus auro defertur. Spolia vero Samariae iidem ipsi erant.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6301 Samaria namque pro idololatria ponitur, illic enim populus ad idola
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6302 colenda conversus est. Haec ergo prima spolia puer idololatriae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6303 detraxit</i>. Et secundum hoc intelligitur, antequam sciat puer,
53
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diff changeset
6304 idest, antequam ostendat se scire.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 4</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="47497"><span class="ref">[47497] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
28
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diff changeset
6305 proceditur. Videtur quod anima Christi non fuerit passibilis. Nihil
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6306 enim patitur nisi a fortiori, quia <i>agens est praestantius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6307 patiente</i>, ut patet per Augustinum, XII super Gen. ad Litt.; et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6308 per philosophum, in III de anima. Sed nulla creatura fuit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6309 praestantior quam anima Christi. Ergo anima Christi non potuit ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6310 aliqua creatura pati. Et ita non fuit passibilis, frustra enim
53
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diff changeset
6311 fuisset in eo potentia patiendi, si a nullo pati potuisset.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="47498"><span class="ref">[47498] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
6312 Tullius in libro de Tusculan. quaest., dicit quod passiones animae
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diff changeset
6313 sunt quaedam aegritudines. Sed in anima Christi non fuit aliqua
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diff changeset
6314 aegritudo, nam aegritudo animae sequitur peccatum, ut patet per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6315 illud Psalmi, <i>sana animam meam, quia peccavi tibi</i>. Ergo in
53
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diff changeset
6316 Christo non fuerunt animae passiones.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="47499"><span class="ref">[47499] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6317 passiones animae videntur idem esse cum fomite peccati, unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6318 apostolus, Rom. VII, vocat eas <i>passiones peccatorum</i>. Sed in
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diff changeset
6319 Christo non fuit fomes peccati, ut supra dictum est. Ergo videtur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6320 quod non fuerint in eo animae passiones. Et ita anima Christi non
53
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diff changeset
6321 fuit passibilis.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 s. c."><a name="47500"><span class="ref">[47500] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6322 quod in Psalmo dicitur ex persona Christi, <i>repleta est malis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6323 anima mea</i>, non quidem peccatis, sed humanis malis, idest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6324 doloribus, ut Glossa ibidem exponit. Sic igitur anima Christi fuit
53
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diff changeset
6325 passibilis.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 co."><a name="47501"><span class="ref">[47501] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6326 dicendum quod animam in corpore constitutam contingit pati
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6327 dupliciter, uno modo passione corporali; alio modo, passione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6328 animali. Passione quidem corporali patitur per corporis laesionem.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6329 Cum enim anima sit forma corporis, consequens est quod unum sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6330 esse animae et corporis, et ideo, corpore perturbato per aliquam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6331 corpoream passionem, necesse est quod anima per accidens
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6332 perturbetur, scilicet quantum ad esse quod habet in corpore. Quia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6333 igitur corpus Christi fuit passibile et mortale, ut supra habitum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6334 est, necesse fuit ut etiam anima eius hoc modo passibilis esset.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6335 Passione autem animali pati dicitur anima secundum operationem quae
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diff changeset
6336 vel est propria animae, vel est principalius animae quam corporis.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6337 Et quamvis etiam secundum intelligere et sentire dicatur hoc modo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6338 anima aliquid pati, tamen, sicut in secunda parte dictum est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6339 propriissime dicuntur passiones animae affectiones appetitus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6340 sensitivi, quae in Christo fuerunt, sicut et cetera quae ad naturam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6341 hominis pertinent. Unde Augustinus dicit, XIV de Civ. Dei, <i>ipse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6342 dominus, in forma servi agere vitam dignatus, humanitus adhibuit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6343 eas, ubi adhibendas esse iudicavit. Neque enim in quo verum erat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6344 hominis corpus et verus hominis animus, falsus erat humanus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6345 affectus</i>. Sciendum tamen quod huiusmodi passiones aliter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6346 fuerunt in Christo quam in nobis, quantum ad tria. Primo quidem,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6347 quantum ad obiectum. Quia in nobis plerumque huiusmodi passiones
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6348 feruntur ad illicita, quod in Christo non fuit. Secundo, quantum ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6349 principium. Quia huiusmodi passiones frequenter in nobis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6350 praeveniunt iudicium rationis, sed in Christo omnes motus sensitivi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6351 appetitus oriebantur secundum dispositionem rationis. Unde
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6352 Augustinus dicit, XIV de Civ. Dei, quod <i>hos motus, certissimae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6353 dispensationis gratia, ita cum voluit Christus suscepit animo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6354 humano, sicut cum voluit factus est homo</i>. Tertio, quantum ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6355 effectum. Quia in nobis quandoque huiusmodi motus non sistunt in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6356 appetitu sensitivo, sed trahunt rationem. Quod in Christo non fuit,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6357 quia motus naturaliter humanae carni convenientes sic ex eius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6358 dispositione in appetitu sensitivo manebant quod ratio ex his nullo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6359 modo impediebatur facere quae conveniebant. Unde Hieronymus dicit,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6360 super Matth., quod <i>dominus noster, ut veritatem assumpti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6361 probaret hominis, vere quidem contristatus est, sed, ne passio in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6362 animo illius dominaretur, per propassionem dicitur quod coepit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6363 contristari</i>, ut passio perfecta intelligatur quando animo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6364 idest rationi, dominatur; propassio autem, quando est inchoata in
53
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diff changeset
6365 appetitu sensitivo, sed ulterius non se extendit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="47502"><span class="ref">[47502] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6366 dicendum quod anima Christi poterat quidem resistere passionibus,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6367 ut non ei supervenirent, praesertim virtute divina. Sed propria
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6368 voluntate se passionibus subiiciebat, tam corporalibus quam
53
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diff changeset
6369 animalibus.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="47503"><span class="ref">[47503] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
6370 dicendum quod Tullius ibi loquitur secundum opinionem Stoicorum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6371 qui non vocabant passiones quoscumque motus appetitus sensitivi,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6372 sed solum inordinatos. Tales autem passiones manifestum est in
53
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diff changeset
6373 Christo non fuisse.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="47504"><span class="ref">[47504] IIIª q. 15 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6374 dicendum quod passiones peccatorum sunt motus appetitus sensitivi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6375 in illicita tendentes. Quod non fuit in Christo, sicut nec fomes
53
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diff changeset
6376 peccati.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 5</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="47505"><span class="ref">[47505] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6377 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit verus dolor
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6378 sensibilis. Dicit enim Hilarius, in X de Trin., <i>cum pro Christo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6379 mori vita sit, quid ipse in mortis sacramento doluisse aestimandus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6380 est, qui pro se morientibus vitam rependit?</i> Et infra dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6381 <i>unigenitus Deus hominem verum, non deficiens a se Deo, sumpsit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6382 in quo, quamvis aut ictus incideret, aut vulnus descenderet, aut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6383 nodi concurrerent, aut suspensio elevaret, afferrent quidem haec
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6384 impetum passionis, non tamen dolorem inferrent</i>. Non igitur in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6385 Christo fuit verus dolor.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="47506"><span class="ref">[47506] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, hoc
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6386 proprium videtur esse carni in peccato conceptae, quod necessitati
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6387 doloris subiaceat. Sed caro Christi non est cum peccato concepta,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6388 sed ex spiritu sancto in utero virginali. Non ergo subiacuit
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6389 necessitati patiendi dolorem.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="47507"><span class="ref">[47507] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6390 delectatio contemplationis divinorum diminuit sensum doloris, unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6391 et martyres in passionibus suis tolerabilius dolorem sustinuerunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6392 ex consideratione divini amoris. Sed anima Christi summe
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6393 delectabatur in contemplatione Dei, quem per essentiam videbat, ut
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6394 supra dictum est. Non ergo poterat sentire aliquem dolorem.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 s. c."><a name="47508"><span class="ref">[47508] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6395 quod Isaiae LIII dicitur, <i>vere languores nostros ipse tulit, et
53
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diff changeset
6396 dolores nostros ipse portavit</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 co."><a name="47509"><span class="ref">[47509] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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diff changeset
6397 dicendum quod, sicut patet ex his quae in secunda parte dicta sunt,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6398 ad veritatem doloris sensibilis requiritur laesio corporis et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6399 sensus laesionis. Corpus autem Christi laedi poterat, quia erat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6400 passibile et mortale, ut supra habitum est. Nec defuit ei sensus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6401 laesionis, cum anima Christi perfecte haberet omnes potentias
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6402 naturales. Unde nulli dubium debet esse quin in Christo fuerit
53
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diff changeset
6403 verus dolor.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="47510"><span class="ref">[47510] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6404 dicendum quod in omnibus illis verbis, et similibus Hilarius a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6405 carne Christi non veritatem doloris, sed necessitatem excludere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6406 intendit. Unde post praemissa verba subdit, <i>neque enim, cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6407 sitivit aut esurivit aut flevit, bibisse dominus aut manducasse aut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6408 doluisse monstratus est, sed ad demonstrandam corporis veritatem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6409 corporis consuetudo suscepta est, ita ut, naturae nostrae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6410 consuetudine, consuetudini sit corporis satisfactum. Vel, cum potum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6411 aut cibum accepit, non se necessitati corporis, sed consuetudini
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6412 tribuit</i>. Et accepit necessitatem per comparationem ad causam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6413 primam horum defectuum, quae est peccatum, ut supra dictum est, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6414 scilicet ea ratione dicatur caro Christi non subiacuisse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6415 necessitati horum defectuum, quia non fuit in ea peccatum. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6416 subdit, <i>habuit enim</i>, scilicet Christus, <i>corpus, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6417 originis suae proprium, neque ex vitiis humanae conceptionis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6418 existens, sed in formam corporis nostri, virtutis suae potestate,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6419 subsistens</i>. Quantum tamen ad causam propinquam horum defectuum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6420 quae est compositio contrariorum, caro Christi subiacuit
53
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diff changeset
6421 necessitati horum defectuum, ut supra habitum est.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="47511"><span class="ref">[47511] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6422 dicendum quod caro in peccato concepta subiacet dolori non solum ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6423 necessitate naturalium principiorum, sed etiam ex necessitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6424 reatus peccati. Quae quidem necessitas in Christo non fuit, sed
53
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diff changeset
6425 solum necessitas naturalium principiorum.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="47512"><span class="ref">[47512] IIIª q. 15 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6426 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, virtute divinitatis Christi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6427 dispensative sic beatitudo in anima continebatur quod non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6428 derivabatur ad corpus, ut eius passibilitas et mortalitas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6429 tolleretur. Et, eadem ratione, delectatio contemplationis sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6430 continebatur in mente quod non derivabatur ad vires sensibiles, ut
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6431 per hoc dolor sensibilis excluderetur.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 6</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="47513"><span class="ref">[47513] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
28
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diff changeset
6432 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit tristitia. Dicitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6433 enim de Christo, Isaiae XLII, <i>non erit tristis neque
53
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diff changeset
6434 turbulentus</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="47514"><span class="ref">[47514] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6435 Proverb. XII dicitur, <i>non contristabit iustum quidquid ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6436 acciderit</i>. Et huius rationem Stoici assignabant, quia nullus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6437 tristatur nisi de amissione bonorum suorum, iustus autem non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6438 reputat bona sua nisi iustitiam et virtutem, quas non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6439 amittere. Alioquin, subiaceret iustus fortunae, si pro amissione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6440 bonorum fortunae tristaretur. Sed Christus fuit maxime iustus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6441 secundum illud Ierem. XXIII. <i>Hoc est nomen quod vocabunt eum,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6442 dominus iustus noster</i>. Ergo in eo non fuit tristitia.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="47515"><span class="ref">[47515] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6443 philosophus dicit, in VII Ethic., quod omnis tristitia est malum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6444 fugiendum. Sed nullum malum vel fugiendum fuit in Christo. Ergo in
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6445 Christo non fuit tristitia.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 arg. 4"><a name="47516"><span class="ref">[47516] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6446 sicut Augustinus dicit, XIV de Civ. Dei, <i>tristitia est de his
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6447 quae nobis nolentibus accidunt</i>. Sed nihil passus est Christus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6448 contra suam voluntatem, dicitur enim Isaiae LIII, <i>oblatus est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6449 quia ipse voluit</i>. Ergo in Christo non fuit tristitia.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 s. c."><a name="47517"><span class="ref">[47517] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6450 quod dicit dominus, Matth. XXVI, <i>tristis est anima mea usque ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6451 mortem</i>. Et Ambrosius dicit, II de Trin., <i>ut homo, tristitiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6452 habuit, suscepit enim tristitiam meam. Confidenter tristitiam
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6453 nomino, qui crucem praedico</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 co."><a name="47518"><span class="ref">[47518] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6454 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, delectatio divinae contemplationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6455 ita per dispensationem divinae virtutis retinebatur in mente
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6456 Christi quod non derivabatur ad vires sensitivas, ut per hoc dolor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6457 sensibilis excluderetur. Sicut autem dolor sensibilis est in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6458 appetitu sensitivo, ita et tristitia, sed est differentia secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6459 motivum, sive obiectum. Nam obiectum et motivum doloris est laesio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6460 sensu tactus percepta, sicut cum aliquis vulneratur. Obiectum autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6461 et motivum tristitiae est nocivum seu malum interius apprehensum,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6462 sive per rationem sive per imaginationem, sicut in secunda parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6463 habitum est, sicut cum aliquis tristatur de amissione gratiae vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6464 pecuniae. Potuit autem anima Christi interius apprehendere aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6465 ut nocivum, et quantum ad se, sicut passio et mors eius fuit, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6466 quantum ad alios, sicut peccatum discipulorum, vel etiam Iudaeorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6467 occidentium ipsum. Et ideo, sicut in Christo potuit esse verus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6468 dolor, ita in eo potuit esse vera tristitia, alio tamen modo quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6469 in nobis est, secundum illa tria quae sunt assignata supra, cum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6470 communiter de Christi passione loqueremur.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="47519"><span class="ref">[47519] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6471 dicendum quod tristitia removetur a Christo secundum passionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6472 perfectam, fuit tamen in eo initiata, secundum propassionem. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6473 dicitur Matth. XXVI, <i>coepit contristari et moestus esse. Aliud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6474 enim est contristari, aliud incipere contristari</i>, ut Hieronymus
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6475 ibidem dicit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="47520"><span class="ref">[47520] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6476 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, XIV de Civ. Dei, pro tribus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6477 perturbationibus, scilicet cupiditate, laetitia et timore, Stoici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6478 tres eupathias, idest bonas passiones, in anima sapientis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6479 posuerunt, scilicet <i>pro cupiditate voluntatem, pro laetitia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6480 gaudium, pro metu cautionem. Sed pro tristitia negaverunt aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6481 posse esse in animo sapientis, quia tristitia est de malo quod iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6482 accidit; nullum autem malum aestimant posse accidere sapienti</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6483 Et hoc ideo est quia non credebant aliquid esse bonum nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6484 honestum, quod homines bonos facit; nec aliquid esse malum nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6485 inhonestum, per quod homines mali fiunt. Quamvis autem honestum sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6486 principale hominis bonum, et inhonestum principale hominis malum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6487 quia haec pertinent ad ipsam rationem, quae est principalis in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6488 homine; sunt tamen quaedam secundaria hominis bona, quae pertinent
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6489 ad ipsum corpus, vel ad exteriores res corpori deservientes. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6490 secundum hoc, potest in animo sapientis esse tristitia, quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6491 appetitum sensitivum, secundum apprehensionem huiusmodi malorum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6492 non tamen ita quod ista tristitia perturbet rationem. Et secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6493 hoc etiam intelligitur quod <i>non contristabit iustum quidquid ei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6494 acciderit</i>, quia scilicet ex nullo accidente eius ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6495 perturbatur. Et secundum hoc tristitia fuit in Christo, secundum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6496 propassionem, non secundum passionem.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="47521"><span class="ref">[47521] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6497 dicendum quod omnis tristitia est malum poenae, non tamen semper
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6498 est malum culpae, sed solum quando ex inordinato affectu procedit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6499 Unde Augustinus dicit, XIV de Civ. Dei, <i>cum rectam rationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6500 sequantur istae affectiones, et quando et ubi oportet adhibentur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6501 quis eas tunc morbidas aut vitiosas passiones audeat
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6502 dicere?</i></p><p title="III q. 15 a. 6 ad 4"><a name="47522"><span class="ref">[47522] IIIª q. 15 a. 6 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6503 dicendum quod nihil prohibet aliquid esse contrarium voluntati
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6504 secundum se quod tamen est volitum ratione finis ad quem ordinatur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6505 sicut medicina amara non est secundum se volita, sed solum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6506 quod ordinatur ad sanitatem. Et hoc modo mors Christi et eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6507 passio fuit, secundum se considerata, involuntaria et tristitiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6508 causans, licet fuerit voluntaria in ordine ad finem, qui est
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6509 redemptio humani generis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 7</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="47523"><span class="ref">[47523] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6510 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit timor. Dicitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6511 enim Proverb. XXVII, <i>iustus, quasi leo confidens, absque terrore
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6512 erit</i>. Sed Christus fuit maxime iustus. Ergo in Christo non fuit
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6513 aliquis timor.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="47524"><span class="ref">[47524] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6514 Hilarius dicit, X de Trin., <i>interrogo eos qui hoc existimant an
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6515 ratione subsistat ut mori timuerit qui, omnem ab apostolis mortis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6516 timorem expellens, ad gloriam eos sit martyrii exhortatus</i>. Non
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6517 ergo in Christo rationabile est fuisse timorem.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="47525"><span class="ref">[47525] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6518 timor non videtur esse nisi de malo quod non potest homo vitare.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6519 Sed Christus poterat vitare et malum poenae, quod passus est; et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6520 malum culpae, quod aliis accidit. Ergo in Christo non fuit aliquis
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6521 timor.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 s. c."><a name="47526"><span class="ref">[47526] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6522 quod dicitur Marc. XIV, <i>coepit Iesus taedere et pavere</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 co."><a name="47527"><span class="ref">[47527] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6523 dicendum quod, sicut tristitia causatur ex apprehensione mali
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6524 praesentis, ita etiam timor causatur ex apprehensione mali futuri.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6525 Apprehensio autem mali futuri, si omnimodam certitudinem habeat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6526 non inducit timorem. Unde philosophus dicit, in II Rhet., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6527 timor non est nisi ubi est aliqua spes evadendi, nam quando nulla
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6528 spes est evadendi, apprehenditur malum ut praesens; et sic magis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6529 causat tristitiam quam timorem. Sic igitur timor potest considerari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6530 quantum ad duo. Uno modo, quantum ad hoc quod appetitus sensitivus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6531 naturaliter refugit corporis laesionem, et per tristitiam, si sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6532 praesens; et per timorem, si sit futura. Et hoc modo timor fuit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6533 Christo, sicut et tristitia. Alio modo potest considerari secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6534 incertitudinem futuri adventus, sicut quando nocte timemus ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6535 aliquo sonitu quasi ignorantes quid hoc sit. Et quantum ad hoc,
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6536 timor non fuit in Christo, ut Damascenus dicit, in III libro.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="47528"><span class="ref">[47528] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6537 dicendum quod iustus dicitur esse absque terrore, secundum quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6538 terror importat perfectam passionem, avertentem hominem a bono quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6539 est rationis. Et sic timor non fuit in Christo sed solum secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6540 propassionem. Et ideo dicitur quod <i>coepit Iesus pavere et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6541 taedere</i>, quasi secundum propassionem, ut Hieronymus
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6542 exponit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="47529"><span class="ref">[47529] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6543 dicendum quod Hilarius eo modo excludit a Christo timorem quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6544 excludit tristitiam, scilicet quoad necessitatem timendi. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6545 tamen, ad comprobandam veritatem humanae naturae, voluntarie
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
ht
parents: 28
diff changeset
6546 timorem assumpsit, sicut et tristitiam.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="47530"><span class="ref">[47530] IIIª q. 15 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6547 dicendum quod, licet Christus potuerit vitare mala futura secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6548 virtutem divinitatis, erant tamen inevitabilia, vel non de facili
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6549 vitabilia, secundum infirmitatem carnis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 8</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="47531"><span class="ref">[47531] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6550 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit admiratio. Dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6551 enim philosophus, in I Metaphys., quod admiratio causatur ex hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6552 quod aliquis videt effectum et ignorat causam, et sic admirari non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6553 est nisi ignorantis. Sed in Christo non fuit ignorantia, ut dictum
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6554 est. Ergo in Christo non fuit admiratio.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="47532"><span class="ref">[47532] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6555 Damascenus dicit, in II libro, quod <i>admiratio est timor ex magna
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6556 imaginatione</i>, et ideo philosophus dicit, in IV Ethic., quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6557 <i>magnanimus non est admirativus</i>. Sed Christus fuit maxime
53
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6558 magnanimus. Ergo in Christo non fuit admiratio.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="47533"><span class="ref">[47533] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6559 nullus admiratur de eo quod ipse facere potest. Sed Christus facere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6560 potuit quidquid magnum erat in rebus. Ergo videtur quod de nullo
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6561 admirabatur.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 s. c."><a name="47534"><span class="ref">[47534] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6562 quod dicitur Matth. VIII, audiens Iesus, scilicet verba
53
d777cc3962f2 div-wrapped
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parents: 28
diff changeset
6563 centurionis, miratus est.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 co."><a name="47535"><span class="ref">[47535] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6564 dicendum quod admiratio proprie est de novo aliquo insolito. In
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6565 Christo autem non poterat esse aliquid novum et insolitum quantum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6566 ad scientiam divinam; neque etiam quantum ad scientiam humanam qua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6567 cognoscebat res in verbo; vel qua cognoscebat res per species
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6568 inditas. Potuit tamen esse aliquid sibi novum et insolitum secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6569 scientiam experimentalem, secundum quam sibi poterant quotidie
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6570 aliqua nova occurrere. Et ideo, si loquimur de Christo quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6571 scientiam divinam et scientiam beatam, vel etiam infusam, non fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
6572 in Christo admiratio. Si autem loquamur de eo quantum ad scientiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
6573 experimentalem, sic admiratio in eo esse potuit. Et assumpsit hunc
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diff changeset
6574 affectum ad nostram instructionem, ut scilicet doceat esse mirandum
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diff changeset
6575 quod etiam ipse mirabatur. Unde Augustinus dicit, in I super Gen.
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diff changeset
6576 contra Manich., <i>quod miratur dominus, nobis mirandum esse
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diff changeset
6577 significat, quibus adhuc opus est sic moveri. Omnes ergo tales
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diff changeset
6578 motus eius non perturbati animi signa sunt, sed docentis
53
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diff changeset
6579 magisterium</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="47536"><span class="ref">[47536] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
6580 dicendum quod, licet Christus nihil ignoret, poterat tamen de novo
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diff changeset
6581 aliquid occurrere experimentali eius scientiae, ex quo admiratio
53
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diff changeset
6582 causaretur.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="47537"><span class="ref">[47537] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
6583 dicendum quod Christus admirabatur de fide centurionis non ea
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diff changeset
6584 ratione quod esset magna quantum ad ipsum, sed quia erat magna
53
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6585 quantum ad alios.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="47538"><span class="ref">[47538] IIIª q. 15 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
6586 dicendum quod ipse poterat facere omnia secundum virtutem divinam,
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diff changeset
6587 secundum quam in eo admiratio non erat, sed solum secundum humanam
53
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6588 scientiam experimentalem, ut dictum est.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 9</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="47539"><span class="ref">[47539] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
28
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diff changeset
6589 proceditur. Videtur quod in Christo non fuerit ira. Dicitur enim
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diff changeset
6590 Iac. I, <i>ira enim viri iustitiam Dei non operatur</i>. Sed
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diff changeset
6591 quidquid fuit in Christo ad iustitiam Dei pertinuit, ipse enim
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diff changeset
6592 <i>factus est nobis iustitia a Deo</i>, ut dicitur I Cor. I. Ergo
53
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diff changeset
6593 videtur quod in Christo non fuerit ira.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="47540"><span class="ref">[47540] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ira
28
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diff changeset
6594 mansuetudini opponitur, ut patet in IV Ethic. Sed Christus fuit
53
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diff changeset
6595 maxime mansuetus. Ergo in Christo non fuit ira.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="47541"><span class="ref">[47541] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
6596 Gregorius dicit, in V Moral., quod <i>ira per vitium excaecat
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diff changeset
6597 oculum mentis; ira vero per zelum ipsum turbat</i>. Sed in Christo
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diff changeset
6598 mentis oculus non fuit neque excaecatus neque turbatus. Ergo in
53
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diff changeset
6599 Christo non fuit ira per vitium, nec ira per zelum.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 s. c."><a name="47542"><span class="ref">[47542] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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diff changeset
6600 quod Ioan. II dicitur de eo esse impletum quod in Psalmo legitur,
53
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6601 <i>zelus domus tuae comedit me</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 co."><a name="47543"><span class="ref">[47543] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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diff changeset
6602 dicendum quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, ira est effectus
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diff changeset
6603 tristitiae. Ex tristitia enim alicui illata consequitur in eo,
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diff changeset
6604 circa sensitivam partem, appetitus repellendi illatam iniuriam vel
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diff changeset
6605 sibi vel aliis. Et sic ira est passio composita ex tristitia et
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diff changeset
6606 appetitu vindictae. Dictum est autem quod in Christo tristitia esse
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diff changeset
6607 potuit. Appetitus etiam vindictae quandoque est cum peccato, quando
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diff changeset
6608 scilicet aliquis vindictam quaerit sibi absque ordine rationis. Et
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diff changeset
6609 sic ira in Christo esse non potuit, hoc enim dicitur ira per
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diff changeset
6610 vitium. Quandoque vero talis appetitus est sine peccato, immo est
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diff changeset
6611 laudabilis, puta cum aliquis appetit vindictam secundum ordinem
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diff changeset
6612 iustitiae. Et hoc vocatur ira per zelum, dicit enim Augustinus,
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diff changeset
6613 super Ioan., quod <i>zelo domus Dei comeditur qui omnia perversa
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diff changeset
6614 quae videt cupit emendare; et, si emendare non possit, tolerat et
53
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diff changeset
6615 gemit</i>. Et talis ira fuit in Christo.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="47544"><span class="ref">[47544] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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diff changeset
6616 dicendum quod, sicut dicit Gregorius, in V Moral., ira dupliciter
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diff changeset
6617 se habet in homine. Quandoque enim praevenit rationem, et trahit
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diff changeset
6618 eam secum ad operandum. Et tunc proprie ira dicitur operari, nam
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diff changeset
6619 operatio attribuitur principali agenti. Et secundum hoc
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diff changeset
6620 intelligitur quod <i>ira viri iustitiam Dei non operatur</i>.
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diff changeset
6621 Quandoque vero ira sequitur rationem, et est quasi instrumentum
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6622 ipsius. Et tunc operatio, quae est iustitiae, non attribuitur irae,
53
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diff changeset
6623 sed rationi.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="47545"><span class="ref">[47545] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
6624 dicendum quod ira quae transgreditur ordinem rationis mansuetudini
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diff changeset
6625 opponitur, non autem ira quae est moderata, ad medium reducta per
53
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diff changeset
6626 rationem. Nam mansuetudo medium tenet in ira.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="47546"><span class="ref">[47546] IIIª q. 15 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
6627 dicendum quod in nobis, secundum naturalem ordinem, potentiae
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diff changeset
6628 animae mutuo se impediunt, ita scilicet quod, cum unius potentiae
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diff changeset
6629 operatio fuerit intensa, alterius operatio debilitetur. Et ex hoc
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diff changeset
6630 procedit quod motus irae etiam si sit secundum rationem moderatus,
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diff changeset
6631 utcumque impedit oculum animae contemplantis. Sed in Christo, per
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diff changeset
6632 moderationem divinae virtutis, <i>unicuique potentiae permittebatur
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diff changeset
6633 agere quod erat ei proprium</i>, ita quod una potentia ex alia non
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diff changeset
6634 impediebatur. Et ideo, sicut delectatio mentis contemplantis non
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diff changeset
6635 impediebat tristitiam vel dolorem inferioris partis, ita etiam e
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diff changeset
6636 converso passiones inferioris partis in nullo impediebant actum
53
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6637 rationis.</p></div><div class="a"><h3>Articulus 10</h3><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="47547"><span class="ref">[47547] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum
28
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6638 sic proceditur. Videtur quod Christus non fuerit simul viator et
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diff changeset
6639 comprehensor. Viatori enim competit moveri ad finem beatitudinis,
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diff changeset
6640 comprehensori autem competit in fine quiescere. Sed non potest
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diff changeset
6641 simul eidem convenire quod moveatur ad finem, et quod quiescat in
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diff changeset
6642 fine. Ergo non potuit simul esse quod Christus esset viator et
53
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6643 comprehensor.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="47548"><span class="ref">[47548] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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diff changeset
6644 moveri ad beatitudinem, aut eam obtinere, non competit homini
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diff changeset
6645 secundum corpus, sed secundum animam. Unde Augustinus dicit, in
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diff changeset
6646 epistola ad Dioscorum, quod <i>ad inferiorem naturam, quae est
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diff changeset
6647 corpus, redundat ab anima non beatitudo, quae propria est fruentis
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diff changeset
6648 et intelligentis</i>. Sed Christus, licet haberet corpus passibile,
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diff changeset
6649 tamen secundum mentem plene Deo fruebatur. Non ergo Christus fuit
53
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6650 viator, sed purus comprehensor.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="47549"><span class="ref">[47549] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
28
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6651 sancti, quorum animae sunt in caelo et corpora in sepulcris,
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diff changeset
6652 fruuntur quidem beatitudine secundum animam, quamvis eorum corpora
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diff changeset
6653 morti subiaceant, et tamen non dicuntur viatores, sed solum
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diff changeset
6654 comprehensores. Ergo, pari ratione, licet corpus Christi fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
6655 mortale, quia tamen mens eius Deo fruebatur, videtur quod fuerit
53
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6656 purus comprehensor, et nullo modo viator.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 s. c."><a name="47550"><span class="ref">[47550] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
28
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6657 quod dicitur Ierem. XIV, <i>quasi colonus futurus es in terra, et
53
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diff changeset
6658 quasi viator declinans ad manendum</i>.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 co."><a name="47551"><span class="ref">[47551] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
28
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diff changeset
6659 dicendum quod aliquis dicitur viator ex eo quod tendit in
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diff changeset
6660 beatitudinem, comprehensor autem dicitur ex hoc quod iam
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diff changeset
6661 beatitudinem obtinet, secundum illud I Cor. IX, <i>sic currite ut
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diff changeset
6662 comprehendatis</i>; et Philipp. III, <i>sequor autem, si quo modo
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diff changeset
6663 comprehendam</i>. Hominis autem beatitudo perfecta consistit in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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diff changeset
6664 anima et corpore, ut in secunda parte habitum est, in anima quidem,
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diff changeset
6665 quantum ad id quod est ei proprium, secundum quod mens videt et
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6666 fruitur Deo; in corpore vero, secundum quod corpus <i>resurget
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diff changeset
6667 spirituale, et in virtute et in gloria et in incorruptione</i>, ut
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6668 dicitur I Cor. XV. Christus autem, ante passionem, secundum mentem
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diff changeset
6669 plene videbat Deum, et sic habebat beatitudinem quantum ad id quod
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6670 est proprium animae. Sed quantum ad alia deerat ei beatitudo, quia
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diff changeset
6671 et anima eius erat passibilis, et corpus passibile et mortale, ut
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diff changeset
6672 ex supra dictis patet. Et ideo simul erat comprehensor, inquantum
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6673 habebat beatitudinem animae propriam, et simul viator, inquantum
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diff changeset
6674 tendebat in beatitudinem secundum id quod ei de beatitudine
53
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6675 deerat.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="47552"><span class="ref">[47552] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
28
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6676 dicendum quod impossibile est moveri ad finem et quiescere in fine
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diff changeset
6677 secundum idem. Sed secundum diversa nihil prohibet hoc, sicut
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6678 aliquis homo simul est sciens quantum ad ea quae iam novit, et
53
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6679 addiscens quantum ad ea quae nondum novit.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="47553"><span class="ref">[47553] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
28
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diff changeset
6680 dicendum quod beatitudo principaliter et proprie consistit in anima
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diff changeset
6681 secundum mentem, secundario tamen, et quasi instrumentaliter,
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diff changeset
6682 requiruntur ad beatitudinem corporis bona; sicut philosophus dicit,
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diff changeset
6683 in I Ethic., quod exteriora bona organice deserviunt
53
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6684 beatitudini.</p><p title="III q. 15 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="47554"><span class="ref">[47554] IIIª q. 15 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
28
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diff changeset
6685 dicendum quod non est eadem ratio de animabus sanctorum defunctorum
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6686 et de Christo, propter duo. Primo quidem, quia animae sanctorum non
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6687 sunt passibiles, sicut fuit anima Christi. Secundo, quia corpora
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6688 non agunt aliquid per quod in beatitudinem tendant, sicut Christus,
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6689 secundum corporis passiones, in beatitudinem tendebat quantum ad
53
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6690 gloriam corporis.</p></div></div><div class="centro"><br/>
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6691 <p><a href="sth4001.html"><img alt="age retro" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageretro.gif"/></a>  
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6692 <a href="sth4016.html"><img alt="age ultra" border="0" align="middle" height="19" width="19" src="icons/ageultra.gif"/></a></p>
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6693 <br/>
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6694 <hr/>
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6695 <br/>
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6696 <address>© 2006 Fundación Tomás de Aquino quoad
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6697 hanc editionem<br/>
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diff changeset
6698 Iura omnia asservantur<br/>
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6699 OCLC nr. <a style="text-decoration=none" href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264">49644264</a></address>
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6700 </div></body>
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6701 </html>