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annotate summa/latin/sth4066.html @ 35:178aed5d2c3c

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convert to XML
author ht
date Mon, 30 Nov 2009 22:05:42 +0000
parents 544e12f679ad
children d777cc3962f2
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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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3 <html lang="LA" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA">
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4 <head>
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5 <meta name="generator" content=
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6 "HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" />
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7 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
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8 "text/html; charset=us-ascii" />
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9 <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
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10 <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" />
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11 <meta name="keywords" content=
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12 "Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" />
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13 <meta name="language" content="Latin" />
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14 <meta name="security" content="public" />
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15 <meta name="owner" content="ealarcon@unav.es" />
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16 <meta name="author" content="Enrique Alarc&oacute;n" />
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17 <meta name="abstract" content="" />
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18 <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="vscreen.css" type=
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19 "text/css" />
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20 <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="vprint.css" type=
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21 "text/css" />
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22 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, III&ordf; q.
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23 66-71</title>
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24 </head>
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25 <body>
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26 <a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"></a>
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27 <div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div>
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28 <div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div>
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29 <div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div>
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30 <div class="dos">tertia pars a quaestione LXVI ad quaestionem
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31 LXXI</div>
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32 <br />
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33 <div class="centro">
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34 <table align="center" summary="Imago">
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35 <tr>
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36 <th><img src="icons/bene180.jpg" width="204" height="180" border=
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37 "0" alt="Thomas de Aquino a Sassetta depictus" align=
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38 "middle" /></th>
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39 </tr>
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40 </table>
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41 <br />
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42 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1906 editum<br />
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43 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
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44 magneticas<br />
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45 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarc&oacute;n atque instruxit<br />
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46 <br /></span><br />
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47 <hr />
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48 <br />
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49 <p><a href="sth4060.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
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50 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a> &nbsp;
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51 <a href="sth4072.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
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52 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
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53 <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">
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54 //<![CDATA[
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55 <!--
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56 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
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139 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49942">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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140 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49943">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
141 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49944">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
142 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49945">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
143 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49946">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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144 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49947">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
145 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49948">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
146 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49949">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
147 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49950">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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148 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49951">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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149 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49952">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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150 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49953">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 5');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
151 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49954">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
152 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49955">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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153 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49956">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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154 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49957">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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155 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49958">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
156 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49959">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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157 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49960">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 5');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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158 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49961">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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159 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49962">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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160 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49963">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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161 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49964">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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162 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49965">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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163 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49966">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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164 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49967">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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165 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49968">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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166 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49969">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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167 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49970">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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168 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49971">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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169 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49972">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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170 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49973">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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171 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49974">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
172 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49975">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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173 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49976">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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174 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49977">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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175 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49978">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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176 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49979">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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177 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49980">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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178 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49981">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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179 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49982">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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180 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49983">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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181 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49984">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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182 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49985">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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183 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49986">III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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184 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49987">III&ordf; q. 67 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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185 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49988">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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186 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49989">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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187 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49990">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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188 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49991">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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189 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49992">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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190 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49993">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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191 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49994">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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192 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49995">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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193 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49996">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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194 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49997">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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195 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49998">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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196 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#49999">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
197 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50000">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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198 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50001">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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199 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50002">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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200 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50003">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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201 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50004">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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202 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50005">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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203 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50006">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
204 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50007">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
205 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50008">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
206 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50009">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
207 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50010">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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208 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50011">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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209 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50012">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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210 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50013">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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211 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50014">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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212 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50015">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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213 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50016">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
214 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50017">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
215 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50018">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
216 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50019">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
217 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50020">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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218 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50021">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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219 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50022">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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220 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50023">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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221 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50024">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
222 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50025">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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223 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50026">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
224 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50027">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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225 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50028">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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226 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50029">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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227 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50030">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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228 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50031">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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229 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50032">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
230 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50033">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
231 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50034">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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232 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50035">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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233 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50036">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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234 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50037">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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235 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50038">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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236 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50039">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
237 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50040">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
238 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50041">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
239 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50042">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
240 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50043">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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241 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50044">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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242 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50045">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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243 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50046">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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244 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50047">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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245 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50048">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
246 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50049">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
247 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50050">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
248 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50051">III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
249 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50052">III&ordf; q. 68 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
250 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50053">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
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251 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50054">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
252 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50055">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
253 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50056">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
254 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50057">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
255 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50058">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
256 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50059">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 ad 2');
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ht
parents:
diff changeset
257 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50060">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 ad 3');
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ht
parents:
diff changeset
258 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50061">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 arg. 1');
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ht
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diff changeset
259 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50062">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 arg. 2');
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ht
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diff changeset
260 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50063">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 arg. 3');
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ht
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diff changeset
261 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50064">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 s. c.');
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ht
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diff changeset
262 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50065">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 co.');
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ht
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diff changeset
263 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50066">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
264 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50067">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
265 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50068">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
266 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50069">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
267 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50070">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
268 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50071">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 arg. 3');
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ht
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diff changeset
269 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50072">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
270 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50073">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
271 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50074">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
272 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50075">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
273 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50076">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
274 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50077">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
275 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50078">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
276 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50079">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
277 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50080">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
278 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50081">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
279 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50082">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
280 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50083">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
281 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50084">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
282 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50085">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
283 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50086">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
284 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50087">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
285 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50088">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
286 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50089">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
287 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50090">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
288 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50091">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
289 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50092">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
290 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50093">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
291 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50094">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
292 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50095">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
293 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50096">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
294 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50097">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
295 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50098">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
296 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50099">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
297 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50100">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
298 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50101">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
299 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50102">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
300 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50103">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
301 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50104">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
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diff changeset
302 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50105">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
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parents:
diff changeset
303 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50106">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
304 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50107">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
305 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50108">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
306 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50109">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
307 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50110">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
308 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50111">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
309 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50112">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
310 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50113">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
311 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50114">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
312 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50115">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
313 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50116">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
314 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50117">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
315 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50118">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
316 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50119">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
317 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50120">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
318 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50121">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
319 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50122">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
320 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50123">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
321 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50124">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
322 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50125">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
323 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50126">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
324 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50127">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
325 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50128">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
326 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50129">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
327 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50130">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
328 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50131">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
329 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50132">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
330 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50133">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
331 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50134">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
332 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50135">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
333 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50136">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
334 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50137">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
335 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50138">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
336 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50139">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
337 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50140">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
338 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50141">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
339 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50142">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
340 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50143">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
341 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50144">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
342 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50145">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
343 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50146">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
344 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50147">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
345 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50148">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
346 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50149">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
347 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50150">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
348 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50151">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
349 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50152">III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
350 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50153">III&ordf; q. 69 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
351 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50154">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
352 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50155">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
353 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50156">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
354 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50157">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
355 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50158">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
356 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50159">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
357 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50160">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
358 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50161">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
359 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50162">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
360 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50163">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
361 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50164">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
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parents:
diff changeset
362 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50165">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
363 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50166">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
364 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50167">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
365 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50168">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
366 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50169">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
367 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50170">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
368 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50171">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
369 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50172">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
370 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50173">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
371 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50174">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
372 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50175">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
373 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50176">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
374 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50177">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
375 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50178">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
376 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50179">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
377 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50180">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
378 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50181">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
379 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50182">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
380 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50183">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
381 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50184">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
382 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50185">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
383 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50186">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
384 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50187">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
385 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50188">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
386 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50189">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
387 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50190">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
388 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50191">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
389 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50192">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
390 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50193">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
391 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50194">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
392 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50195">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
393 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50196">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
394 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50197">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
395 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50198">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
396 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50199">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
397 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50200">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
398 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50201">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
399 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50202">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
400 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50203">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
401 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50204">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
402 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50205">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
403 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50206">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
404 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50207">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
405 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50208">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
406 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50209">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
407 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50210">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
408 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50211">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
409 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50212">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
410 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50213">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
411 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50214">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
412 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50215">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
413 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50216">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
414 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50217">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
415 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50218">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
416 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50219">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
417 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50220">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
418 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50221">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
419 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50222">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
420 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50223">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
421 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50224">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
422 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50225">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
423 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50226">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
424 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50227">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
425 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50228">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
426 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50229">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
427 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50230">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
428 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50231">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
429 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50232">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
430 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50233">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
431 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50234">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
432 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50235">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
433 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50236">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
434 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50237">III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
435 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50238">III&ordf; q. 70 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
436 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50239">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
437 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50240">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
438 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50241">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
439 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50242">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
440 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50243">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
441 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50244">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
442 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50245">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
443 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50246">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
444 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50247">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
445 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50248">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
446 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50249">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
447 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50250">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
448 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50251">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
449 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50252">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
450 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50253">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
451 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50254">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
452 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50255">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
453 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50256">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
454 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50257">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
455 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50258">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
456 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50259">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
457 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50260">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
458 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50261">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
459 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50262">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
460 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50263">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
461 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50264">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
462 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50265">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
463 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50266">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
464 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50267">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
465 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50268">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
466 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50269">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 5');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
467 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50270">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
468 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50271">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
469 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50272">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
470 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50273">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
471 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50274">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
472 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50275">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 4');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
473 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50276">III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 5');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
474 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50277">III&ordf; q. 71 pr.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
475 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50278">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
476 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50279">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
477 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50280">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
478 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50281">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
479 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50282">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
480 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50283">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
481 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50284">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
482 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50285">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 ad 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
483 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50286">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 arg. 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
484 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50287">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 arg. 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
485 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50288">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 arg. 3');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
486 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50289">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 s. c.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
487 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50290">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 co.');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
488 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50291">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 ad 1');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
489 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50292">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 ad 2');
4006eb4882de originals from http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/sth0000.html
ht
parents:
diff changeset
490 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50293">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 ad 3');
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491 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50294">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 1');
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492 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50295">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 2');
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493 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50296">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 3');
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494 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50297">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 4');
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495 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50298">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 s. c.');
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496 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50299">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 co.');
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497 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50300">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 1');
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498 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50301">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 2');
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499 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50302">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 3');
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500 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50303">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 4');
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501 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50304">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 arg. 1');
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502 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50305">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 arg. 2');
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503 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50306">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 arg. 3');
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504 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50307">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 s. c.');
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505 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50308">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 co.');
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506 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50309">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 ad 1');
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507 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50310">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 ad 2');
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508 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#50311">III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 ad 3');
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509 document.write('<\/SELECT>');
26
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510 document.write('<BR><BR>');
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511 document.write('<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()">');
28
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512 document.write('<\/FORM>');
26
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513 // -->
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514 //]]>
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515 </script><br />
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516 <hr />
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diff changeset
517 <br /></div>
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diff changeset
518 <div class="D">Quaestio 66</div>
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diff changeset
519 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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diff changeset
520 <p title="III q. 66 pr."><a name="49868"><span class="ref">[49868]
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diff changeset
521 III&ordf; q. 66 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de singulis
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diff changeset
522 sacramentis in speciali. Et primo, de Baptismo; secundo, de
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diff changeset
523 confirmatione; tertio, de Eucharistia; quarto, de poenitentia;
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diff changeset
524 quinto, de extrema unctione; sexto, de ordine; septimo, de
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diff changeset
525 matrimonio. Circa primum occurrit duplex consideratio, prima, de
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diff changeset
526 ipso Baptismo; secunda, de praeparatoriis Baptismi. Circa primum
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diff changeset
527 quatuor consideranda occurrunt, primo, de his quae pertinent ad
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diff changeset
528 sacramentum Baptismi; secundo, de ministro huius sacramenti;
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diff changeset
529 tertio, de recipientibus hoc sacramentum; quarto, de effectu huius
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diff changeset
530 sacramenti. Circa primum quaeruntur duodecim. Primo, quid sit
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diff changeset
531 Baptismus, utrum sit ablutio. Secundo, de institutione huius
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diff changeset
532 sacramenti. Tertio, utrum aqua sit propria materia huius
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diff changeset
533 sacramenti. Quarto, utrum requiratur aqua simplex. Quinto, utrum
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534 haec sit conveniens forma huius sacramenti, ego te baptizo in
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diff changeset
535 nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti. Sexto, utrum sub hac
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diff changeset
536 forma possit aliquis baptizari, ego te baptizo in nomine Christi.
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diff changeset
537 Septimo, utrum immersio sit de necessitate Baptismi. Octavo, utrum
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diff changeset
538 requiratur trina immersio. Nono, utrum Baptismus possit iterari.
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diff changeset
539 Decimo, de ritu Baptismi. Undecimo, de distinctione Baptismatum.
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540 Duodecimo, de comparatione Baptismatum.</p>
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diff changeset
541 <br />
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diff changeset
542 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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diff changeset
543 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="49869"><span class=
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diff changeset
544 "ref">[49869] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
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diff changeset
545 proceditur. Videtur quod Baptismus non sit ipsa ablutio. Ablutio
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diff changeset
546 enim corporalis transit. Baptismus autem permanet. Ergo Baptismus
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diff changeset
547 non est ipsa ablutio, sed potius <i>regeneratio et sigillum et
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diff changeset
548 custodia et illuminatio</i>, ut Damascenus dicit, in IV libro.</p>
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diff changeset
549 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="49870"><span class=
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diff changeset
550 "ref">[49870] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
551 Hugo de sancto Victore dicit quod <i>Baptismus est aqua diluendis
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diff changeset
552 criminibus sanctificata per verbum Dei</i>. Aqua autem non est ipsa
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553 ablutio, sed ablutio est quidam usus aquae.</p>
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diff changeset
554 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="49871"><span class=
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diff changeset
555 "ref">[49871] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
556 Augustinus dicit, super Ioan., <i>accedit verbum ad elementum et
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diff changeset
557 fit sacramentum</i>. Elementum autem est ipsa aqua. Ergo Baptismus
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diff changeset
558 est ipsa aqua, non autem ablutio.</p>
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diff changeset
559 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 s. c."><a name="49872"><span class=
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diff changeset
560 "ref">[49872] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
561 quod dicitur Eccli. XXXIV, <i>qui baptizatur a mortuo et iterum
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diff changeset
562 tangit mortuum, quid proficit lotio eius?</i> Videtur ergo quod
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diff changeset
563 Baptismus sit ipsa ablutio, sive lotio.</p>
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diff changeset
564 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 co."><a name="49873"><span class=
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diff changeset
565 "ref">[49873] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
566 dicendum quod in sacramento Baptismi est tria considerare, aliquid
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diff changeset
567 scilicet quod est sacramentum tantum; aliquid autem quod est res et
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diff changeset
568 sacramentum; aliquid autem quod est res tantum. Sacramentum autem
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diff changeset
569 tantum est aliquid visibile exterius existens, quod scilicet est
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diff changeset
570 signum interioris effectus, hoc enim pertinet ad rationem
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diff changeset
571 sacramenti. Exterius autem suppositum sensui est et ipsa aqua, et
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diff changeset
572 usus eius, qui est ablutio. Quidam ergo existimaverunt quod ipsa
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diff changeset
573 aqua sit sacramentum. Quod quidem sonare videntur verba Hugonis de
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diff changeset
574 sancto Victore. Nam ipse in communi definitione sacramenti dicit
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diff changeset
575 quod est materiale elementum, et in definitione Baptismi dicit quod
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diff changeset
576 est aqua. Sed hoc non est verum. Cum enim sacramenta novae legis
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diff changeset
577 sanctificationem quandam operentur, ibi perficitur sacramentum ubi
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578 perficitur sanctificatio. In aqua autem non perficitur
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diff changeset
579 sanctificatio, sed est ibi quaedam sanctificationis virtus
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diff changeset
580 instrumentalis, non permanens, sed fluens in hominem, qui est verae
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diff changeset
581 sanctificationis subiectum. Et ideo sacramentum non perficitur in
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diff changeset
582 ipsa aqua, sed in applicatione aquae ad hominem, quae est ablutio.
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diff changeset
583 Et ideo Magister, in III dist. IV Sent., dicit quod <i>Baptismus
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diff changeset
584 est ablutio corporis exterior facta sub forma praescripta
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585 verborum</i>. Res autem et sacramentum est character baptismalis,
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586 qui est res significata per exteriorem ablutionem, et est signum
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587 sacramentale interioris iustificationis. Quae est res tantum huius
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diff changeset
588 sacramenti, scilicet, significata et non significans.</p>
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diff changeset
589 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="49874"><span class=
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diff changeset
590 "ref">[49874] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
591 dicendum quod id quod est sacramentum et res, scilicet character,
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diff changeset
592 et id quod est res tantum, scilicet interior iustificatio,
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diff changeset
593 permanent, sed character permanet indelebiliter, ut supra dictum
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diff changeset
594 est; iustificatio autem permanet, sed amissibiliter. Damascenus
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diff changeset
595 ergo Baptismum definivit, non quantum ad id quod exterius agitur,
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diff changeset
596 quod est sacramentum tantum, sed quantum ad id quod est interius.
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597 Unde posuit duo pertinentia ad characterem, scilicet sigillum et
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diff changeset
598 custodiam, inquantum ipse character, qui sigillum dicitur, quantum
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599 est de se, custodit animam in bono. Duo etiam ponit pertinentia ad
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diff changeset
600 ultimam rem sacramenti, scilicet regenerationem, quae ad hoc
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601 pertinet quod per Baptismum homo inchoat novam vitam iustitiae; et
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diff changeset
602 illuminationem, quae pertinet specialiter ad fidem, per quam homo
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diff changeset
603 spiritualem vitam accipit, secundum illud Habacuc II, <i>iustus
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diff changeset
604 autem ex fide vivit</i>; Baptismus autem est quaedam fidei
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diff changeset
605 protestatio. Unde dicitur fidei sacramentum. Et similiter Dionysius
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diff changeset
606 Baptismum definivit per ordinem ad alia sacramenta, dicens, II cap.
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diff changeset
607 Eccles. Hier., quod <i>est quoddam principium sanctissimorum
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608 mandatorum sacrae actionis, ad eorum susceptivam opportunitatem
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diff changeset
609 formans nostros animales habitus</i>. Et iterum in ordine ad
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diff changeset
610 caelestem gloriam, quae est universalis finis sacramentorum, cum
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diff changeset
611 subdit, ad supercaelestis quietis anagogen nostrum iter faciens. Et
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diff changeset
612 iterum quantum ad principium spiritualis vitae, per hoc quod
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613 subdit, sacrae et divinissimae nostrae regenerationis traditio.</p>
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diff changeset
614 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="49875"><span class=
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diff changeset
615 "ref">[49875] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
616 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, opinionem Hugonis de sancto
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617 Victore in hac parte sequi non oportet. Potest tamen verificari ut
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618 Baptismus dicatur aqua esse, quia aqua est materiale Baptismi
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diff changeset
619 principium. Et sic erit praedicatio per causam.</p>
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diff changeset
620 <p title="III q. 66 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="49876"><span class=
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diff changeset
621 "ref">[49876] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
622 dicendum quod, accedente verbo ad elementum fit sacramentum, non
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diff changeset
623 quidem in ipso elemento, sed in homine, cui adhibetur elementum per
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624 usum ablutionis. Et hoc etiam significat ipsum verbum quod accedit
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625 ad elementum, cum dicitur, ego te baptizo, et cetera.</p>
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diff changeset
626 <br />
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diff changeset
627 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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diff changeset
628 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="49877"><span class=
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diff changeset
629 "ref">[49877] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
630 sic proceditur. Videtur quod Baptismus fuerit institutus post
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parents: 26
diff changeset
631 Christi passionem. Causa enim praecedit effectum. Sed passio
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diff changeset
632 Christi operatur in sacramentis novae legis. Ergo passio Christi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
633 praecedit institutionem sacramentorum novae legis. Et praecipue
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diff changeset
634 institutionem Baptismi, cum apostolus dicat, Rom. VI, <i>quicumque
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diff changeset
635 baptizati sumus in Christo Iesu, in morte ipsius baptizati
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diff changeset
636 sumus,</i> et cetera.</p>
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diff changeset
637 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="49878"><span class=
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diff changeset
638 "ref">[49878] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
639 sacramenta novae legis efficaciam habent ex mandato Christi. Sed
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diff changeset
640 Christus mandatum baptizandi dedit discipulis post passionem et
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diff changeset
641 resurrectionem suam, <i>dicens, euntes, docete omnes gentes,
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diff changeset
642 baptizantes eos in nomine patris</i>, etc., ut habetur Matth. ult.
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diff changeset
643 Ergo videtur quod post passionem Christi Baptismus fuerit
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diff changeset
644 institutus.</p>
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diff changeset
645 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="49879"><span class=
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diff changeset
646 "ref">[49879] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
647 Baptismus est sacramentum necessitatis, ut supra dictum est, et ita
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diff changeset
648 videtur quod ex quo Baptismus institutus fuit, homines obligarentur
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diff changeset
649 ad Baptismum. Sed ante passionem Christi homines non obligabantur
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diff changeset
650 ad Baptismum, quia adhuc circumcisio suam virtutem habebat, in
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651 cuius loco successit Baptismus. Ergo videtur quod Baptismus non
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diff changeset
652 fuerit institutus ante passionem Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
653 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 s. c."><a name="49880"><span class=
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diff changeset
654 "ref">[49880] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
655 quod Augustinus dicit, in quodam sermone Epiphaniae, <i>ex quo
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diff changeset
656 Christus in aquis immergitur, ex eo omnium peccata abluit aqua</i>.
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diff changeset
657 Sed hoc fuit ante Christi passionem. Ergo Baptismus ante Christi
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diff changeset
658 passionem fuit institutus.</p>
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diff changeset
659 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 co."><a name="49881"><span class=
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diff changeset
660 "ref">[49881] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
661 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est supra, sacramenta ex sui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
662 institutione habent quod conferant gratiam. Unde tunc videtur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
663 aliquod sacramentum institui, quando accipit virtutem producendi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
664 suum effectum. Hanc autem virtutem accepit Baptismus quando
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parents: 26
diff changeset
665 Christus est baptizatus. Unde tunc vere Baptismus institutus fuit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
666 quantum ad ipsum sacramentum. Sed necessitas utendi hoc sacramento
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parents: 26
diff changeset
667 indicta fuit hominibus post passionem et resurrectionem. Tum quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
668 in passione Christi terminata sunt figuralia sacramenta, quibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
669 succedit Baptismus et alia sacramenta novae legis. Tum etiam quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
670 per Baptismum configuratur homo passioni et resurrectioni Christi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
671 inquantum moritur peccato et incipit novam iustitiae vitam. Et ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
672 oportuit Christum pati prius et resurgere quam hominibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
673 indiceretur necessitas se configurandi morti et resurrectioni
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diff changeset
674 eius.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
675 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="49882"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
676 "ref">[49882] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
677 dicendum quod etiam ante passionem Christi Baptismus habebat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
678 efficaciam a Christi passione, inquantum eam praefigurabat, aliter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
679 tamen quam sacramenta veteris legis. Nam illa erant figurae tantum,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
680 Baptismus autem ab ipso Christo virtutem habebat iustificandi, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
681 cuius virtutem etiam ipsa passio salutifera fuit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
682 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="49883"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
683 "ref">[49883] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
684 dicendum quod homines non debebant multiplicibus figuris arctari
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parents: 26
diff changeset
685 per Christum, qui venerat sua veritate figuras impletas auferre. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
686 ideo ante passionem suam Baptismum institutum non posuit sub
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parents: 26
diff changeset
687 praecepto, sed voluit ad eius exercitium homines assuefieri; et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
688 praecipue in populo Iudaeorum, apud quem omnia facta figuralia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
689 erant, ut Augustinus dicit, contra Faustum. Post passionem vero et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
690 resurrectionem, non solum Iudaeis, sed etiam gentilibus suo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
691 praecepto necessitatem Baptismi imposuit, dicens, <i>euntes, docete
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parents: 26
diff changeset
692 omnes gentes</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
693 <p title="III q. 66 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="49884"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
694 "ref">[49884] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
695 dicendum quod sacramenta non sunt obligatoria nisi quando sub
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parents: 26
diff changeset
696 praecepto ponuntur. Quod quidem non fuit ante passionem, ut dictum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
697 est. Quod enim dominus ante passionem Nicodemo dixit, Ioan. III,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
698 <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex aqua et spiritu sancto, non potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
699 introire in regnum Dei</i>, magis videtur ad futurum respicere quam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
700 ad praesens tempus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
701 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
702 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
703 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="49885"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
704 "ref">[49885] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
705 proceditur. Videtur quod aqua non sit propria materia Baptismi.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
706 Baptismus enim, secundum Dionysium et Damascenum, habet vim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
707 illuminativam. Sed illuminatio maxime competit igni. Ergo Baptismus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
708 magis debet fieri in igne quam in aqua, praesertim cum Ioannes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
709 Baptista, praenuntians Christi Baptismum, dicat, <i>ille vos
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diff changeset
710 baptizabit in spiritu sancto et igni</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
711 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="49886"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
712 "ref">[49886] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
713 Baptismo significatur ablutio peccatorum. Sed multa alia sunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
714 ablutiva quam aqua, sicut vinum et oleum et alia huiusmodi. Ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
715 etiam in his potest fieri Baptismus. Non ergo aqua est propria
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parents: 26
diff changeset
716 materia Baptismi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
717 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="49887"><span class=
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diff changeset
718 "ref">[49887] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
719 sacramenta Ecclesiae fluxerunt de latere Christi pendentis in
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diff changeset
720 cruce, ut supra dictum est. Sed inde fluxit non solum aqua, sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
721 etiam sanguis. Ergo videtur quod etiam in sanguine possit fieri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
722 Baptismus. Quod etiam magis videtur convenire cum effectu Baptismi,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
723 quia dicitur Apoc. I, <i>lavit nos a peccatis nostris in sanguine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
724 suo</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
725 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 arg. 4"><a name="49888"><span class=
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diff changeset
726 "ref">[49888] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
727 sicut Augustinus et Beda dicunt, <i>Christus tactu suae mundissimae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
728 carnis vim regenerativam et purgativam contulit aquis</i>. Sed non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
729 omnis aqua continuatur cum aqua Iordanis, quam Christus tetigit sua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
730 carne. Ergo videtur quod non in omni aqua possit fieri Baptismus.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
731 Et ita aqua, inquantum huiusmodi, non est propria materia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
732 Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
733 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 arg. 5"><a name="49889"><span class=
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diff changeset
734 "ref">[49889] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea, si
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diff changeset
735 aqua secundum se esset propria Baptismi materia, non oporteret
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parents: 26
diff changeset
736 aliquid aliud fieri circa aquam, ad hoc quod in ea Baptismus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
737 fieret. Sed in solemni Baptismo aqua in qua debet celebrari
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parents: 26
diff changeset
738 Baptismus, exorcizatur et benedicitur. Ergo videtur quod aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
739 secundum se non sit propria materia Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
740 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 s. c."><a name="49890"><span class=
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diff changeset
741 "ref">[49890] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
742 quod dominus dicit, Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex aqua
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diff changeset
743 et spiritu sancto, non potest introire in regnum Dei</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
744 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 co."><a name="49891"><span class=
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diff changeset
745 "ref">[49891] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
746 dicendum quod ex institutione divina aqua est propria materia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
747 Baptismi. Et hoc convenienter. Primo quidem, quantum ad ipsam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
748 rationem Baptismi, qui est regeneratio in spiritualem vitam, quod
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diff changeset
749 maxime congruit aquae. Unde et semina, ex quibus generantur omnia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
750 viventia, scilicet plantae et animalia, humida sunt, et ad aquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
751 pertinent. Propter quod quidam philosophi posuerunt aquam omnium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
752 rerum principium. Secundo, quantum ad effectus Baptismi, quibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
753 competunt aquae proprietates. Quae sua humiditate lavat, ex quo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
754 conveniens est ad significandum et causandum ablutionem peccatorum.
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diff changeset
755 Sua frigiditate etiam temperat superfluitatem caloris, et ex hoc
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diff changeset
756 competit ad mitigandum concupiscentiam fomitis. Sua diaphanitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
757 est luminis susceptiva, unde competit Baptismo inquantum est fidei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
758 sacramentum. Tertio, quia convenit ad repraesentandum mysteria
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parents: 26
diff changeset
759 Christi, quibus iustificamur. Ut enim dicit Chrysostomus, super
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parents: 26
diff changeset
760 illud Ioan., <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit etc., sicut in quodam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
761 sepulcro, in aqua, submergentibus nobis capita, vetus homo
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diff changeset
762 sepelitur, et submersus deorsum occultatur, et deinde novus rursus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
763 ascendit</i>. Quarto, quia ratione suae communitatis et abundantiae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
764 est conveniens materia necessitati huius sacramenti, potest enim
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diff changeset
765 ubique de facili haberi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
766 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="49892"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
767 "ref">[49892] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
768 dicendum quod illuminatio pertinet ad ignem active. Ille autem qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
769 baptizatur, non efficitur illuminans, sed illuminatus per fidem,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
770 quae est ex auditu, ut dicitur Rom. X. Et ideo magis competit aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
771 Baptismo quam ignis. Quod autem dicitur, baptizabit vos in spiritu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
772 sancto et igni, potest per ignem, ut Hieronymus dicit, intelligi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
773 spiritus sanctus, qui super discipulos in igneis linguis apparuit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
774 ut dicitur Act. II. Vel per ignem potest intelligi tribulatio, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
775 Chrysostomus dicit, super Matth., quia tribulatio peccata purgat,
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diff changeset
776 et concupiscentiam diminuit. Vel quia, ut Hilarius dicit, super
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diff changeset
777 Matth., <i>baptizatis in spiritu sancto reliquum est consummari
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diff changeset
778 igne iudicii</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
779 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="49893"><span class=
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diff changeset
780 "ref">[49893] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
781 dicendum quod vinum et oleum communiter non sumuntur ad usum
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diff changeset
782 ablutionis, sicut aqua. Nec etiam ita perfecte abluunt, quia ex
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diff changeset
783 illorum ablutione remanet aliqua infectio quantum ad odorem, quod
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diff changeset
784 non contingit de aqua. Illa etiam non ita communiter et abundanter
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diff changeset
785 habentur sicut aqua.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
786 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="49894"><span class=
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diff changeset
787 "ref">[49894] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
788 dicendum quod ex latere Christi fluxit aqua ad abluendum, sanguis
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diff changeset
789 autem ad redimendum. Et ideo sanguis competit sacramento
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parents: 26
diff changeset
790 Eucharistiae, aqua autem sacramento Baptismi. Qui tamen habet vim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
791 ablutivam ex virtute sanguinis Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
792 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 ad 4"><a name="49895"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
793 "ref">[49895] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
794 dicendum quod virtus Christi derivata est ad omnem aquam, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
795 propter continuitatem loci, sed propter similitudinem speciei, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
796 dicit Augustinus, in quodam sermone Epiphaniae, <i>quae de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
797 salvatoris Baptismate benedictio fluxit, tanquam fluvius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
798 spiritalis, omnium gurgitum tractus, universorum fontium venas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
799 implevit</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
800 <p title="III q. 66 a. 3 ad 5"><a name="49896"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
801 "ref">[49896] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 3 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
802 dicendum quod illa benedictio quae adhibetur aquae, non est de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
803 necessitate Baptismi, sed pertinet ad quandam solemnitatem, per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
804 quam excitatur devotio fidelium, et impeditur astutia Daemonis, ne
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parents: 26
diff changeset
805 impediat Baptismi effectum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
806 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
807 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
808 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="49897"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
809 "ref">[49897] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
810 proceditur. Videtur quod ad Baptismum non requiratur aqua simplex.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
811 Aqua enim quae apud nos est, non est aqua pura, quod praecipue
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parents: 26
diff changeset
812 apparet de aqua maris, in qua plurimum admiscetur de terrestri, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
813 patet per philosophum, in libro Meteorol. Et tamen in tali aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
814 potest fieri Baptismus. Ergo non requiritur aqua simplex et pura ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
815 Baptismum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
816 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="49898"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
817 "ref">[49898] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
818 solemni celebratione Baptismi aquae infunditur chrisma. Sed hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
819 videtur impedire puritatem et simplicitatem aquae. Ergo aqua pura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
820 et simplex non requiritur ad Baptismum.</p>
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diff changeset
821 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="49899"><span class=
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diff changeset
822 "ref">[49899] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
823 aqua fluens de latere Christi pendentis in cruce fuit significativa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
824 Baptismi, ut dictum est. Sed aqua illa non videtur fuisse aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
825 pura, eo quod in corpore mixto, cuiusmodi fuit corpus Christi, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
826 sunt elementa in actu. Ergo videtur quod non requiratur aqua pura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
827 vel simplex ad Baptismum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
828 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 arg. 4"><a name="49900"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
829 "ref">[49900] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
830 lixivium non videtur esse aqua pura, habet enim contrarias
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parents: 26
diff changeset
831 proprietates aquae, scilicet calefaciendi et desiccandi. Et tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
832 in lixivio videtur posse fieri Baptismus, sicut et in aquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
833 balneorum, quae transeunt per venas sulphureas, sicut et lixivium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
834 colatur per cineres. Ergo videtur quod aqua simplex non requiratur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
835 ad Baptismum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
836 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 arg. 5"><a name="49901"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
837 "ref">[49901] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
838 aqua rosacea generatur per sublimationem a rosis, sicut etiam aquae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
839 alchimicae generantur per sublimationem ab aliquibus corporibus.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
840 Sed in his aquis, ut videtur, potest fieri Baptismus, sicut et in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
841 aquis pluvialibus, quae per sublimationem vaporum generantur. Cum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
842 igitur huiusmodi aquae non sint purae et simplices, videtur quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
843 aqua pura et simplex non requiratur ad Baptismum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
844 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 s. c."><a name="49902"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
845 "ref">[49902] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
846 quod propria materia Baptismi est aqua, ut dictum est. Sed speciem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
847 aquae non habet nisi aqua simplex. Ergo aqua pura et simplex ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
848 necessitate requiritur ad Baptismum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
849 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 co."><a name="49903"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
850 "ref">[49903] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
851 dicendum quod aqua suam puritatem et simplicitatem potest amittere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
852 dupliciter, uno modo, per mixtionem alterius corporis; alio modo,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
853 per alterationem. Utrumque autem horum contingit fieri dupliciter,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
854 scilicet per artem, et per naturam. Ars autem deficit ab operatione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
855 naturae, quia natura dat formam substantialem, quod ars facere non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
856 potest, sed omnes formae artificiales sunt accidentales; nisi forte
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
857 apponendo proprium agens ad propriam materiam, sicut ignem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
858 combustibili, per quem modum a quibusdam quaedam animalia per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
859 putrefactionem generantur. Quaecumque igitur transmutatio circa
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parents: 26
diff changeset
860 aquam facta est per artem, sive commiscendo sive alterando, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
861 transmutatur species aquae. Unde in tali aqua potest fieri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
862 Baptismus, nisi forte aqua admisceatur per artem in tam parva
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parents: 26
diff changeset
863 quantitate alicui corpori quod compositum magis sit aliud quam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
864 aqua; sicut lutum magis est terra quam aqua, et vinum lymphatum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
865 magis est vinum quam aqua. Sed transmutatio quae fit a natura,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
866 quandoque quidem speciem aquae solvit, et hoc fit quando aqua
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
867 efficitur per naturam de substantia alicuius corporis mixti; sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
868 aqua conversa in liquorem uvae est vinum, unde non habet speciem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
869 aquae. Aliquando autem fit per naturam transmutatio aquae sine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
870 solutione speciei, et hoc tam per alterationem, sicut patet de aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
871 calefacta a sole; quam etiam per mixtionem, sicut patet de aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
872 fluminis turbida ex permixtione terrestrium partium. Sic igitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
873 dicendum est quod in qualibet aqua, qualitercumque transmutata,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
874 dummodo non solvatur species aquae, potest fieri Baptismus. Si
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parents: 26
diff changeset
875 autem solvatur species aquae, non potest fieri Baptismus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
876 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="49904"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
877 "ref">[49904] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
878 dicendum quod transmutatio facta in aqua maris, et in aliis aquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
879 quae penes nos sunt, non est tanta quae solvat speciem aquae. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
880 ideo in huiusmodi aquis potest fieri Baptismus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
881 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="49905"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
882 "ref">[49905] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
883 dicendum quod admixtio chrismatis non solvit speciem aquae. Sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
884 nec etiam aqua decoctionis carnium, aut aliorum huiusmodi, nisi
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
885 forte sit facta tanta resolutio corporum lixatorum in aqua quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
886 liquor plus habeat de aliena substantia quam de aqua; quod ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
887 spissitudine perspici potest. Si tamen ex liquore sic inspissato
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parents: 26
diff changeset
888 exprimatur aqua subtilis, potest in ea fieri Baptismus, sicut et in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
889 aqua quae exprimitur ex luto, licet in luto Baptismus fieri non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
890 possit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
891 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="49906"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
892 "ref">[49906] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
893 dicendum quod aqua fluens de latere Christi pendentis in cruce non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
894 fuit humor phlegmaticus, ut quidam dixerunt. In tali enim humore
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
895 non posset fieri Baptismus, sicut nec in sanguine animalis, aut in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
896 vino, aut in quocumque liquore alicuius plantae. Fuit autem aqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
897 pura miraculose egrediens a corpore mortuo, sicut et sanguis, ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
898 comprobandam veritatem dominici corporis, contra Manichaeorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
899 errorem, ut scilicet per aquam, quae est unum quatuor elementorum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
900 ostenderetur corpus Christi vere fuisse compositum ex quatuor
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parents: 26
diff changeset
901 elementis; per sanguinem vero ostenderetur esse compositum ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
902 quatuor humoribus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
903 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 ad 4"><a name="49907"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
904 "ref">[49907] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
905 dicendum quod in lixivio, et in aquis sulphureorum balneorum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
906 potest fieri Baptismus, quia tales aquae non incorporantur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
907 artem vel naturam aliquibus corporibus mixtis, sed solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
908 alterationem quandam recipiunt ex hoc quod transeunt per aliqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
909 corpora.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
910 <p title="III q. 66 a. 4 ad 5"><a name="49908"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
911 "ref">[49908] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 4 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
912 dicendum quod aqua rosacea est liquor rosae resolutus. Unde in ea
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parents: 26
diff changeset
913 non potest fieri Baptismus. Et, eadem ratione, nec in aquis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
914 alchimicis, sicut in vino. Nec est eadem ratio de aquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
915 pluvialibus, quae generantur ex maiori parte ex subtiliatione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
916 vaporum resolutorum ex aquis, minimum autem ibi est de liquoribus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
917 corporum mixtorum, qui tamen per huiusmodi sublimationem, virtute
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parents: 26
diff changeset
918 naturae, quae est fortior arte, resolvuntur in veram aquam, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
919 ars facere non potest. Unde aqua pluvialis nullam proprietatem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
920 retinet alicuius corporis mixti, quod de aquis rosaceis et de aquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
921 alchimicis dici non potest.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
922 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
923 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
924 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="49909"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
925 "ref">[49909] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
926 proceditur. Videtur quod haec non sit conveniens forma Baptismi,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
927 <i>ego te baptizo in nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
928 Actus enim magis debet attribui principali agenti quam ministro.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
929 Sed in sacramento minister agit ut instrumentum, ut supra dictum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
930 est, principale autem agens in Baptismo est Christus, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
931 illud Ioan. I, <i>super quem videris spiritum descendentem et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
932 manentem, hic est qui baptizat</i>. Inconvenienter ergo minister
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parents: 26
diff changeset
933 dicit, ego te baptizo, praesertim quia in hoc quod dicitur baptizo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
934 intelligitur ego, et sic videtur superflue apponi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
935 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="49910"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
936 "ref">[49910] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
937 oportet quod ille qui aliquem actum exercet, de actu exercito
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parents: 26
diff changeset
938 faciat mentionem, sicut ille qui docet, non oportet quod dicat, ego
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parents: 26
diff changeset
939 vos doceo. Dominus autem simul tradidit praeceptum baptizandi et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
940 docendi, dicens, <i>euntes, docete omnes gentes</i>, et cetera.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
941 Ergo non oportet quod in forma Baptismi fiat mentio de actu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
942 Baptismi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
943 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="49911"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
944 "ref">[49911] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
945 ille qui baptizatur, quandoque non intelligit verba, puta si sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
946 surdus aut puer. Frustra autem ad talem sermo dirigitur, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
947 illud Eccli., <i>ubi non est auditus, non effundas sermonem</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
948 Ergo inconvenienter dicitur, ego te baptizo, sermone directo ad eum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
949 qui baptizatur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
950 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 4"><a name="49912"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
951 "ref">[49912] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
952 contingit simul plures baptizari a pluribus, sicut apostoli
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
953 baptizaverunt una die tria millia, et alia die quinque millia, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
954 dicitur Act. II et IV. Non ergo debet forma Baptismi determinari in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
955 singulari numero, ut dicatur, ego te baptizo, sed potest dici, nos
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parents: 26
diff changeset
956 vos baptizamus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
957 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 5"><a name="49913"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
958 "ref">[49913] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
959 Baptismus virtutem habet a passione Christi. Sed per formam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
960 Baptismus sanctificatur. Ergo videtur quod in forma Baptismi debeat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
961 fieri mentio de passione Christi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
962 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 6"><a name="49914"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
963 "ref">[49914] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 6</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
964 nomen designat proprietatem rei. Sed tres sunt proprietates
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parents: 26
diff changeset
965 personales divinarum personarum, ut in prima parte dictum est. Non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
966 ergo debet dici, in nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti, sed,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
967 in nominibus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
968 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 arg. 7"><a name="49915"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
969 "ref">[49915] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 arg. 7</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
970 persona patris non solum significatur nomine patris, sed etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
971 nomine innascibilis et genitoris; filius etiam significatur nomine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
972 verbi et imaginis et geniti; spiritus etiam sanctus potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
973 significari nomine doni et amoris, et nomine procedentis. Ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
974 videtur quod etiam his nominibus utendo perficitur Baptismus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
975 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 s. c."><a name="49916"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
976 "ref">[49916] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
977 quod dominus dicit, Matth. ult., <i>euntes, docete omnes gentes,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
978 baptizantes eos in nomine patris et filii et spiritus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
979 sancti</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
980 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 co."><a name="49917"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
981 "ref">[49917] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
982 dicendum quod Baptismus per suam formam consecratur, secundum illud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
983 Ephes. V, <i>mundans eam lavacro aquae in verbo vitae</i>, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
984 Augustinus dicit, in libro de unico Baptismo, quod <i>Baptismus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
985 verbis evangelicis consecratur</i>. Et ideo oportet quod in forma
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parents: 26
diff changeset
986 Baptismi exprimatur causa Baptismi. Est autem eius duplex causa,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
987 una quidem principalis, a qua virtutem habet, quae est sancta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
988 Trinitas; alia autem est instrumentalis, scilicet minister, qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
989 tradit exterius sacramentum. Et ideo debet in forma Baptismi de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
990 utraque fieri mentio. Minister autem tangitur cum dicitur, ego te
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
991 baptizo, causa autem principalis, cum dicitur, in nomine patris et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
992 filii et spiritus sancti. Unde haec est conveniens forma Baptismi,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
993 <i>ego te baptizo in nomine patris et filii et spiritus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
994 sancti</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
995 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="49918"><span class=
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diff changeset
996 "ref">[49918] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
997 dicendum quod actio attribuitur instrumento sicut immediate agenti,
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diff changeset
998 attribuitur autem principali agenti sicut in cuius virtute
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diff changeset
999 instrumentum agit. Et ideo in forma Baptismi convenienter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1000 significatur minister ut exercens actum Baptismi, per hoc quod
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diff changeset
1001 dicitur, ego te baptizo, et ipse dominus baptizandi actum attribuit
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diff changeset
1002 ministris, dicens, baptizantes eos, et cetera. Causa autem
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diff changeset
1003 principalis significatur ut in cuius virtute sacramentum agitur,
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diff changeset
1004 per hoc quod dicitur, <i>in nomine patris et filii et spiritus
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diff changeset
1005 sancti</i>, non enim Christus baptizat sine patre et spiritu
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diff changeset
1006 sancto. Graeci autem non attribuunt actum Baptismi ministris, ad
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diff changeset
1007 evitandum antiquorum errorem, qui virtutem Baptismi Baptistis
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diff changeset
1008 attribuebant, dicentes, <i>ego sum Pauli, et ego Cephae</i>. Et
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diff changeset
1009 ideo dicunt, <i>baptizetur servus Christi talis in nomine
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diff changeset
1010 patris,</i> et cetera. Et quia exprimitur actus exercitus per
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diff changeset
1011 ministrum cum invocatione Trinitatis, verum perficitur sacramentum.
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diff changeset
1012 Quod autem additur ego in forma nostra, non est de substantia
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diff changeset
1013 formae, sed ponitur ad maiorem expressionem intentionis.</p>
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diff changeset
1014 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="49919"><span class=
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diff changeset
1015 "ref">[49919] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1016 dicendum quod, quia ablutio hominis in aqua propter multa fieri
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diff changeset
1017 potest, oportet quod determinetur in verbis formae ad quid fiat.
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diff changeset
1018 Quod quidem non fit per hoc quod dicitur, <i>in nomine patris et
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diff changeset
1019 filii et spiritus sancti</i>, quia omnia in tali nomine facere
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diff changeset
1020 debemus, ut habetur Coloss. III. Et ideo, si non exprimatur actus
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diff changeset
1021 Baptismi, vel per modum nostrum vel per modum Graecorum, non
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diff changeset
1022 perficitur sacramentum, secundum illam decretalem Alexandri III,
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diff changeset
1023 <i>si quis puerum ter in aquam merserit in nomine patris et filii
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diff changeset
1024 et spiritus sancti amen, et non dixerit, ego te baptizo in nomine
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diff changeset
1025 patris et filii et spiritus sancti amen, non est puer
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diff changeset
1026 baptizatus</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1027 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="49920"><span class=
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diff changeset
1028 "ref">[49920] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1029 dicendum quod verba quae proferuntur in formis sacramentorum, non
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diff changeset
1030 pronuntiantur solum causa significandi, sed etiam causa efficiendi,
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diff changeset
1031 inquantum habent efficaciam ab illo verbo per quod facta sunt
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diff changeset
1032 omnia. Et ideo convenienter diriguntur non solum ad homines, sed
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diff changeset
1033 etiam ad creaturas insensibiles, ut cum dicitur, <i>exorcizo te,
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diff changeset
1034 creatura salis</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1035 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 4"><a name="49921"><span class=
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diff changeset
1036 "ref">[49921] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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diff changeset
1037 dicendum quod plures simul non possunt unum baptizare, quia actus
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diff changeset
1038 multiplicatur secundum multiplicationem agentium, si perfecte ab
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diff changeset
1039 unoquoque agatur. Et sic, si convenirent duo quorum unus esset
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diff changeset
1040 mutus, qui non posset proferre verba, et alius carens manibus, qui
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diff changeset
1041 non posset exercere actum, non possent ambo simul baptizare, uno
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diff changeset
1042 dicente verba et alio exercente actum. Possunt autem, si necessitas
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diff changeset
1043 exigit, plures simul baptizari, quia nullus eorum recipiet nisi
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diff changeset
1044 unum Baptismum. Sed tunc oportebit dicere, ego baptizo vos. Nec
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diff changeset
1045 erit mutatio formae, quia vos nihil aliud est quam te et te. Quod
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diff changeset
1046 autem dicitur nos, non est idem quod ego et ego, sed, ego et tu, et
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diff changeset
1047 sic iam mutaretur forma. Similiter autem mutaretur forma si
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diff changeset
1048 diceretur, ego baptizo me. Et ideo nullus potest baptizare seipsum.
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diff changeset
1049 Propter quod etiam Christus a Ioanne voluit baptizari, ut dicitur
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diff changeset
1050 extra, de Baptismo et eius effectu, cap. debitum.</p>
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diff changeset
1051 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 5"><a name="49922"><span class=
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diff changeset
1052 "ref">[49922] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
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diff changeset
1053 dicendum quod passio Christi, etsi sit principalis causa respectu
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diff changeset
1054 ministri, est tamen causa instrumentalis respectu sanctae
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diff changeset
1055 Trinitatis. Et ideo potius commemoratur Trinitas quam passio
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diff changeset
1056 Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
1057 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 6"><a name="49923"><span class=
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diff changeset
1058 "ref">[49923] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 6</span></a> Ad sextum
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diff changeset
1059 dicendum quod, etsi sint tria nomina personalia trium personarum,
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diff changeset
1060 est tamen unum nomen essentiale. Virtus autem divina, quae operatur
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diff changeset
1061 in Baptismo, ad essentiam pertinet. Et ideo dicitur in nomine, et
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diff changeset
1062 non in nominibus.</p>
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diff changeset
1063 <p title="III q. 66 a. 5 ad 7"><a name="49924"><span class=
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diff changeset
1064 "ref">[49924] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 5 ad 7</span></a> Ad septimum
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diff changeset
1065 dicendum quod, sicut aqua sumitur ad Baptismum quia eius usus est
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diff changeset
1066 communior ad abluendum, ita ad significandum tres personas in forma
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diff changeset
1067 Baptismi assumuntur illa nomina quibus communius consueverunt
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diff changeset
1068 nominari personae in illa lingua. Nec in aliis nominibus perficitur
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diff changeset
1069 sacramentum.</p>
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diff changeset
1070 <br />
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diff changeset
1071 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
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diff changeset
1072 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="49925"><span class=
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diff changeset
1073 "ref">[49925] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
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diff changeset
1074 proceditur. Videtur quod in nomine Christi possit dari Baptismus.
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diff changeset
1075 Sicut enim <i>una est fides, et unum Baptisma</i>, ut dicitur
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diff changeset
1076 Ephes. IV. Sed Act. VIII dicitur quod <i>in nomine Iesu Christi
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diff changeset
1077 baptizabantur viri et mulieres</i>. Ergo etiam nunc potest dari
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diff changeset
1078 Baptismus in nomine Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
1079 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="49926"><span class=
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diff changeset
1080 "ref">[49926] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1081 Ambrosius dicit, <i>si Christum dicas, et patrem, a quo unctus est,
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diff changeset
1082 et ipsum qui unctus est, filium, et spiritum, quo unctus est,
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diff changeset
1083 designasti</i>. Sed in nomine Trinitatis potest fieri Baptismus.
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diff changeset
1084 Ergo et in nomine Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
1085 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="49927"><span class=
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diff changeset
1086 "ref">[49927] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1087 Nicolaus Papa, ad consulta Bulgarorum respondens, dicit, <i>qui in
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diff changeset
1088 nomine sanctae Trinitatis, vel tantum in nomine Christi, sicut in
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diff changeset
1089 actibus apostolorum legitur, baptizati sunt, unum quippe idemque
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diff changeset
1090 est, ut sanctus ait Ambrosius, rebaptizari non debent</i>.
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diff changeset
1091 Rebaptizarentur autem si in hac forma baptizati sacramentum
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diff changeset
1092 Baptismi non reciperent. Ergo potest consecrari Baptismus in nomine
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diff changeset
1093 Christi sub hac forma, ego te baptizo in nomine Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
1094 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 s. c."><a name="49928"><span class=
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diff changeset
1095 "ref">[49928] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1096 quod Pelagius Papa scribit Gaudentio episcopo, <i>si hi qui in
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diff changeset
1097 locis dilectionis tuae vicinis commorari dicuntur, se solummodo in
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diff changeset
1098 nomine domini baptizatos fuisse confitentur, sine cuiusquam
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diff changeset
1099 dubitationis ambiguo, eos ad fidem Catholicam venientes in sanctae
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diff changeset
1100 Trinitatis nomine baptizabis</i>. Didymus etiam dicit, in libro de
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diff changeset
1101 spiritu sancto, <i>licet quis possit existere mentis alienae qui
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diff changeset
1102 ita baptizaret ut unum de praedictis nominibus, scilicet trium
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diff changeset
1103 personarum, praetermittat, sine perfectione baptizabit</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1104 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 co."><a name="49929"><span class=
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diff changeset
1105 "ref">[49929] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1106 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sacramenta habent efficaciam
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diff changeset
1107 ab institutione Christi. Et ideo, si praetermittatur aliquid eorum
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diff changeset
1108 quae Christus instituit circa aliquod sacramentum, efficacia caret,
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diff changeset
1109 nisi ex speciali dispensatione eius, qui virtutem suam sacramentis
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diff changeset
1110 non alligavit. Christus autem instituit sacramentum Baptismi dari
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diff changeset
1111 cum invocatione Trinitatis. Et ideo quidquid desit ad invocationem
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diff changeset
1112 plenam Trinitatis, tollit integritatem Baptismi. Nec obstat quod in
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diff changeset
1113 nomine unius personae intelligitur alia, sicut in nomine patris
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diff changeset
1114 intelligitur filius; aut quod ille qui nominat unam solam personam,
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1115 potest habere rectam fidem de tribus. Quia ad sacramentum, sicut
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1116 requiritur materia sensibilis, ita et forma sensibilis. Unde non
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diff changeset
1117 sufficit intellectus vel fides Trinitatis ad perfectionem
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diff changeset
1118 sacramenti, nisi sensibilibus verbis Trinitas exprimatur. Unde et
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diff changeset
1119 in Baptismo Christi, ubi fuit origo sanctificationis nostri
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diff changeset
1120 Baptismi, affuit Trinitas sensibilibus, scilicet pater in voce,
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diff changeset
1121 filius in humana natura, spiritus sanctus in columba.</p>
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diff changeset
1122 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="49930"><span class=
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diff changeset
1123 "ref">[49930] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
1124 dicendum quod ex speciali Christi revelatione apostoli in primitiva
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diff changeset
1125 Ecclesia in nomine Christi baptizabant, ut nomen Christi, quod erat
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diff changeset
1126 odiosum Iudaeis et gentibus, honorabile redderetur, per hoc quod ad
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diff changeset
1127 eius invocationem spiritus sanctus dabatur in Baptismo.</p>
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diff changeset
1128 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="49931"><span class=
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diff changeset
1129 "ref">[49931] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1130 dicendum quod Ambrosius assignat rationem quare convenienter talis
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diff changeset
1131 dispensatio fieri potuit in primitiva Ecclesia, quia scilicet in
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diff changeset
1132 nomine Christi tota Trinitas intelligitur; et ideo servabatur ad
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diff changeset
1133 minus integritate intelligibili forma quam Christus tradidit in
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diff changeset
1134 Evangelio.</p>
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diff changeset
1135 <p title="III q. 66 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="49932"><span class=
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diff changeset
1136 "ref">[49932] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1137 dicendum quod Nicolaus Papa dictum suum confirmat ex duobus
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diff changeset
1138 praemissis. Et ideo eius responsio patet ex primis duabus
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diff changeset
1139 solutionibus.</p>
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diff changeset
1140 <br />
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diff changeset
1141 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
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diff changeset
1142 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="49933"><span class=
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diff changeset
1143 "ref">[49933] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
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diff changeset
1144 sic proceditur. Videtur quod immersio in aqua sit de necessitate
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diff changeset
1145 Baptismi. Ut enim dicitur Ephes. IV, <i>una fides, unum
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diff changeset
1146 Baptisma</i>. Sed apud multos communis modus baptizandi est per
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diff changeset
1147 immersionem. Ergo videtur quod non possit esse Baptismus sine
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diff changeset
1148 immersione.</p>
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diff changeset
1149 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="49934"><span class=
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diff changeset
1150 "ref">[49934] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1151 apostolus dicit, Rom. VI, <i>quicumque baptizati sumus in Christo
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diff changeset
1152 Iesu, in morte ipsius baptizati sumus, consepulti enim sumus cum
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diff changeset
1153 illo per Baptismum in morte</i>. Sed hoc fit per immersionem, dicit
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diff changeset
1154 enim Chrysostomus, super illud Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus
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diff changeset
1155 fuerit ex aqua et spiritu sancto, etc., sicut in quodam sepulcro,
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diff changeset
1156 in aqua, submergentibus nobis capita, vetus homo sepelitur, et
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diff changeset
1157 submersus deorsum occultatur, deinde novus rursus ascendit</i>.
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diff changeset
1158 Ergo videtur quod immersio sit de necessitate Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1159 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="49935"><span class=
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diff changeset
1160 "ref">[49935] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, si
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diff changeset
1161 sine immersione totius corporis posset fieri Baptismus, sequeretur
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diff changeset
1162 quod pari ratione sufficeret quamlibet partem aqua perfundi. Sed
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diff changeset
1163 hoc videtur inconveniens, quia originale peccatum, contra quod
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diff changeset
1164 praecipue datur Baptismus, non est in una tantum corporis parte.
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diff changeset
1165 Ergo videtur quod requiratur immersio ad Baptismum, et non
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diff changeset
1166 sufficiat sola aspersio.</p>
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diff changeset
1167 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 s. c."><a name="49936"><span class=
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diff changeset
1168 "ref">[49936] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1169 quod Heb. X dicitur, <i>accedamus ad eum vero corde in plenitudine
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diff changeset
1170 fidei, aspersi corda a conscientia mala, et abluti corpus aqua
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diff changeset
1171 munda</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1172 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 co."><a name="49937"><span class=
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diff changeset
1173 "ref">[49937] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1174 dicendum quod aqua assumitur in sacramento Baptismi ad usum
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diff changeset
1175 ablutionis corporalis, per quam significatur interior ablutio
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diff changeset
1176 peccatorum. Ablutio autem fieri potest per aquam non solum per
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diff changeset
1177 modum immersionis, sed etiam per modum aspersionis vel effusionis.
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diff changeset
1178 Et ideo, quamvis tutius sit baptizare per modum immersionis, quia
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diff changeset
1179 hoc habet communior usus; potest tamen fieri Baptismus per modum
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diff changeset
1180 aspersionis; vel etiam per modum effusionis, secundum illud Ezech.
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diff changeset
1181 XXXVI, <i>effundam super vos aquam mundam</i>, sicut et beatus
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diff changeset
1182 Laurentius legitur baptizasse. Et hoc praecipue propter
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diff changeset
1183 necessitatem. Vel quia est magna multitudo baptizandorum, sicut
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diff changeset
1184 patet Act. II et IV, ubi dicitur quod crediderunt una die tria
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diff changeset
1185 millia, et alia quinque millia. Quandoque autem potest imminere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1186 necessitas propter paucitatem aquae; vel propter debilitatem
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diff changeset
1187 ministri, qui non potest sustentare baptizandum; vel propter
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diff changeset
1188 debilitatem baptizandi, cui posset imminere periculum mortis ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1189 immersione. Et ideo dicendum est quod immersio non est de
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diff changeset
1190 necessitate Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1191 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="49938"><span class=
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diff changeset
1192 "ref">[49938] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
1193 dicendum quod ea quae sunt per accidens, non variant substantiam
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diff changeset
1194 rei. Per se autem requiritur ad Baptismum corporalis ablutio per
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diff changeset
1195 aquam, unde et Baptismus lavacrum nominatur, secundum illud Ephes.
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diff changeset
1196 V, <i>mundans eam lavacro aquae in verbo vitae</i>. Sed quod fiat
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diff changeset
1197 ablutio hoc vel illo modo, accidit Baptismo. Et ideo talis
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diff changeset
1198 diversitas non tollit unitatem Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1199 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="49939"><span class=
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diff changeset
1200 "ref">[49939] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1201 dicendum quod in immersione expressius repraesentatur figura
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diff changeset
1202 sepulturae Christi, et ideo hic modus baptizandi est communior et
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diff changeset
1203 laudabilior. Sed in aliis modis baptizandi repraesentatur aliquo
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diff changeset
1204 modo, licet non ita expresse, nam, quocumque modo fiat ablutio,
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diff changeset
1205 corpus hominis, vel aliqua pars eius, aquae supponitur, sicut
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diff changeset
1206 corpus Christi fuit positum sub terra.</p>
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diff changeset
1207 <p title="III q. 66 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="49940"><span class=
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diff changeset
1208 "ref">[49940] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1209 dicendum quod principalis pars corporis, praecipue quantum ad
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diff changeset
1210 exteriora membra, est caput, in quo vigent omnes sensus et
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diff changeset
1211 interiores et exteriores. Et ideo, si totum corpus aqua non possit
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diff changeset
1212 perfundi, propter aquae paucitatem vel propter aliquam aliam
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diff changeset
1213 causam, oportet caput perfundere, in quo manifestatur principium
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diff changeset
1214 animalis vitae. Et licet per membra quae generationi deserviunt
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diff changeset
1215 peccatum originale traducatur, non tamen sunt membra illa potius
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diff changeset
1216 aspergenda quam caput, quia per Baptismum non tollitur transmissio
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diff changeset
1217 originalis in prolem per actum generationis, sed liberatur anima a
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diff changeset
1218 macula et reatu peccati quod incurrit. Et ideo debet praecipue
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diff changeset
1219 lavari illa pars corporis in qua manifestantur opera animae. In
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diff changeset
1220 veteri tamen lege remedium contra originale peccatum institutum
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diff changeset
1221 erat in membro generationis, quia adhuc ille per quem originale
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diff changeset
1222 erat amovendum, nasciturus erat ex semine Abrahae, cuius fidem
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diff changeset
1223 circumcisio significabat, ut dicitur Rom. IV.</p>
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diff changeset
1224 <br />
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diff changeset
1225 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
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diff changeset
1226 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="49941"><span class=
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diff changeset
1227 "ref">[49941] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
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diff changeset
1228 proceditur. Videtur quod trina immersio sit de necessitate
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diff changeset
1229 Baptismi. Dicit enim Augustinus, in quodam sermone de symbolo ad
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diff changeset
1230 baptizatos, <i>recte tertio mersi estis, quia accepistis Baptismum
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diff changeset
1231 in nomine Trinitatis. Recte tertio mersi estis, quia accepistis
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diff changeset
1232 Baptismum in nomine Iesu Christi, qui tertia die resurrexit a
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diff changeset
1233 mortuis. Illa enim tertio repetita immersio typum dominicae
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diff changeset
1234 exprimit sepulturae, per quam Christo consepulti estis in
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diff changeset
1235 Baptismo</i>. Sed utrumque videtur ad necessitatem Baptismi
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diff changeset
1236 pertinere, scilicet et quod significetur in Baptismo Trinitas
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diff changeset
1237 personarum; et quod fiat configuratio ad sepulturam Christi. Ergo
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diff changeset
1238 videtur quod trina immersio sit de necessitate Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1239 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="49942"><span class=
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diff changeset
1240 "ref">[49942] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1241 sacramenta ex mandato Christi efficaciam habent. Sed trina immersio
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diff changeset
1242 est ex mandato Christi, scripsit enim Pelagius Papa Gaudentio
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diff changeset
1243 episcopo, <i>evangelicum praeceptum, ipso domino Deo et salvatore
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diff changeset
1244 nostro Iesu Christo tradente, nos admonet in nomine Trinitatis,
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diff changeset
1245 trina etiam immersione, sanctum Baptismum unicuique tribuere</i>.
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diff changeset
1246 Ergo, sicut baptizare in nomine Trinitatis est de necessitate
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diff changeset
1247 Baptismi, ita baptizare trina immersione videtur esse de
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diff changeset
1248 necessitate Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1249 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="49943"><span class=
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diff changeset
1250 "ref">[49943] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, si
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diff changeset
1251 trina immersio non sit de necessitate Baptismi, ergo ad primam
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diff changeset
1252 immersionem aliquis Baptismi consequitur sacramentum. Si vero
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diff changeset
1253 addatur secunda et tertia, videtur quod secundo vel tertio
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diff changeset
1254 baptizetur, quod est inconveniens. Non ergo una immersio sufficit
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diff changeset
1255 ad sacramentum Baptismi, sed trina videtur esse de necessitate
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diff changeset
1256 ipsius.</p>
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diff changeset
1257 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 s. c."><a name="49944"><span class=
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diff changeset
1258 "ref">[49944] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1259 quod Gregorius scribit Leandro episcopo, <i>reprehensibile esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1260 nullatenus potest infantem in Baptismate vel tertio vel semel
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diff changeset
1261 immergere, quoniam et in tribus immersionibus personarum Trinitas,
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diff changeset
1262 et una potest divinitatis singularitas designari</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1263 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 co."><a name="49945"><span class=
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diff changeset
1264 "ref">[49945] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1265 dicendum quod, sicut prius dictum est, ad Baptismum per se
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diff changeset
1266 requiritur ablutio aquae, quae est de necessitate sacramenti, modus
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diff changeset
1267 autem ablutionis per accidens se habet ad sacramentum. Et ideo,
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diff changeset
1268 sicut ex praedicta auctoritate Gregorii patet, quantum est de se,
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diff changeset
1269 utrumque licite fieri potest, scilicet et semel et ter immergere,
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diff changeset
1270 quia unica immersione significatur unitas mortis Christi, et unitas
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diff changeset
1271 deitatis; per trinam autem immersionem significatur triduum
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diff changeset
1272 sepulturae Christi, et etiam Trinitas personarum. Sed diversis ex
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diff changeset
1273 causis, secundum ordinationem Ecclesiae, quandoque institutus est
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diff changeset
1274 unus modus, quandoque alius. Quia enim a principio nascentis
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diff changeset
1275 Ecclesiae quidam de Trinitate male sentiebant, Christum purum
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diff changeset
1276 hominem aestimantes, nec dici filium Dei et Deum nisi per meritum
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diff changeset
1277 eius, quod praecipue fuit in morte, ideo non baptizabant in nomine
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diff changeset
1278 Trinitatis, sed in commemorationem mortis Christi, et una
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diff changeset
1279 immersione. Quod reprobatum fuit in primitiva Ecclesia. Unde in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1280 canonibus apostolorum legitur, <i>si quis presbyter aut episcopus
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diff changeset
1281 non trinam immersionem unius ministerii, sed semel mergat in
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diff changeset
1282 Baptismate, quod dari a quibusdam dicitur in morte domini,
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diff changeset
1283 deponatur, non enim nobis dixit dominus, in morte mea baptizate,
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diff changeset
1284 sed, in nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti</i>. Postmodum
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diff changeset
1285 vero inolevit quorundam schismaticorum et haereticorum error
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diff changeset
1286 homines rebaptizantium, sicut de Donatistis Augustinus narrat,
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diff changeset
1287 super Ioan. Et ideo, in detestationem erroris eorum, fuit statutum
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diff changeset
1288 in Concilio Toletano quod fieret una sola immersio, ubi sic
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diff changeset
1289 legitur, <i>propter vitandum schismatis scandalum, vel haeretici
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diff changeset
1290 dogmatis usum, simplam teneamus Baptismi immersionem</i>. Sed,
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diff changeset
1291 cessante tali causa, communiter observatur in Baptismo trina
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diff changeset
1292 immersio. Et ideo graviter peccaret aliter baptizans, quasi ritum
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diff changeset
1293 Ecclesiae non observans. Nihilominus tamen esset Baptismus.</p>
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diff changeset
1294 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="49946"><span class=
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diff changeset
1295 "ref">[49946] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
1296 dicendum quod Trinitas est sicut agens principale in Baptismo.
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diff changeset
1297 Similitudo autem agentis pervenit ad effectum secundum formam, et
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diff changeset
1298 non secundum materiam. Et ideo significatio Trinitatis fit in
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diff changeset
1299 Baptismo per verba formae. Nec est de necessitate quod significetur
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diff changeset
1300 Trinitas per usum materiae, sed hoc fit ad maiorem expressionem.
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1301 Similiter etiam mors Christi figuratur sufficienter in unica
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diff changeset
1302 immersione. Triduum autem sepulturae non est de necessitate nostrae
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diff changeset
1303 salutis, quia etiam si una die fuisset sepultus vel mortuus,
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diff changeset
1304 suffecisset ad perficiendam nostram redemptionem; sed triduum illud
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diff changeset
1305 ordinatur ad manifestandam veritatem mortis, ut supra dictum est.
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diff changeset
1306 Et ideo patet quod trina immersio nec ex parte Trinitatis, nec ex
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diff changeset
1307 parte passionis Christi, est de necessitate sacramenti.</p>
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diff changeset
1308 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="49947"><span class=
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diff changeset
1309 "ref">[49947] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1310 dicendum quod Pelagius Papa intelligit trinam immersionem esse ex
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diff changeset
1311 mandato Christi in suo simili, in hoc scilicet quod Christus
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diff changeset
1312 praecepit baptizari <i>in nomine patris et filii et spiritus
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diff changeset
1313 sancti</i>. Non tamen est similis ratio de forma et de usu
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diff changeset
1314 materiae, ut dictum est.</p>
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diff changeset
1315 <p title="III q. 66 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="49948"><span class=
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diff changeset
1316 "ref">[49948] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1317 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, intentio requiritur ad
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diff changeset
1318 Baptismum. Et ideo ex intentione ministri Ecclesiae, qui intendit
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diff changeset
1319 unum Baptismum dare trina immersione, efficitur unum Baptisma. Unde
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diff changeset
1320 Hieronymus dicit, super epistolam ad Philipp., <i>licet ter
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diff changeset
1321 baptizetur, idest immergatur, propter mysterium Trinitatis, tamen
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diff changeset
1322 unum Baptisma reputatur</i>. Si vero intenderet ad unamquamque
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diff changeset
1323 immersionem unum Baptisma dare, ad singulas immersiones repetens
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diff changeset
1324 verba formae, peccaret, quantum in se est, pluries baptizans.</p>
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diff changeset
1325 <br />
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diff changeset
1326 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
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diff changeset
1327 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="49949"><span class=
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diff changeset
1328 "ref">[49949] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
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diff changeset
1329 proceditur. Videtur quod Baptismus possit iterari. Baptismus enim
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diff changeset
1330 videtur institutus ad ablutionem peccatorum. Sed peccata iterantur.
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diff changeset
1331 Ergo multo magis Baptismus debet iterari, quia misericordia Christi
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diff changeset
1332 transcendit hominis culpam.</p>
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diff changeset
1333 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="49950"><span class=
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diff changeset
1334 "ref">[49950] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1335 Ioannes Baptista praecipue fuit a Christo commendatus, cum de eo
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diff changeset
1336 dictum sit, Matth. XI, <i>inter natos mulierum non surrexit maior
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diff changeset
1337 Ioanne Baptista</i>. Sed baptizati a Ioanne iterum rebaptizantur,
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diff changeset
1338 ut habetur Act. XIX, ubi dicitur quod Paulus baptizavit eos qui
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diff changeset
1339 erant baptizati Baptismo Ioannis. Ergo multo fortius illi qui sunt
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diff changeset
1340 baptizati ab haereticis vel peccatoribus, sunt rebaptizandi.</p>
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diff changeset
1341 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="49951"><span class=
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diff changeset
1342 "ref">[49951] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
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diff changeset
1343 Nicaeno Concilio statutum est, <i>si quis confugeret ad Ecclesiam
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diff changeset
1344 Catholicam de Paulianistis et Cataphrygis, baptizari eos
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diff changeset
1345 debere</i>. Videtur autem esse eadem ratio de haereticis aliis.
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diff changeset
1346 Ergo baptizati ab haereticis debent esse rebaptizati.</p>
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diff changeset
1347 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 arg. 4"><a name="49952"><span class=
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diff changeset
1348 "ref">[49952] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1349 Baptismus est necessarius ad salutem. Sed de quibusdam baptizatis
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diff changeset
1350 aliquando dubitatur an sint baptizati. Ergo videtur quod debeant
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diff changeset
1351 iterum rebaptizari.</p>
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diff changeset
1352 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 arg. 5"><a name="49953"><span class=
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diff changeset
1353 "ref">[49953] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1354 Eucharistia est perfectius sacramentum quam Baptismus, ut supra
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diff changeset
1355 dictum est. Sed sacramentum Eucharistiae iteratur. Ergo multo magis
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diff changeset
1356 Baptismus potest iterari.</p>
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diff changeset
1357 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 s. c."><a name="49954"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1358 "ref">[49954] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1359 quod dicitur Ephes. IV, <i>una fides, unum Baptisma</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1360 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 co."><a name="49955"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1361 "ref">[49955] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1362 dicendum quod Baptismus iterari non potest. Primo quidem, quia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1363 Baptismus est quaedam spiritualis regeneratio, prout scilicet
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diff changeset
1364 aliquis moritur veteri vitae, et incipit novam vitam agere. Unde
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diff changeset
1365 dicitur Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex aqua et spiritu
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diff changeset
1366 sancto, non potest videre regnum Dei</i>. Unius autem non est nisi
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diff changeset
1367 una generatio. Et ideo non potest Baptismus iterari, sicut nec
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diff changeset
1368 carnalis generatio. Unde Augustinus dicit, super illud Ioan. III,
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diff changeset
1369 <i>nunquid potest in ventrem matris suae iterato introire et
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diff changeset
1370 renasci, sic tu, inquit, intellige nativitatem spiritus, quo modo
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diff changeset
1371 intellexit Nicodemus nativitatem carnis. Quo modo enim uterus non
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diff changeset
1372 potest repeti, sic nec Baptismus</i>. Secundo, quia in morte
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diff changeset
1373 Christi baptizamur, per quam morimur peccato et resurgimus in
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diff changeset
1374 novitatem vitae. Christus autem semel tantum mortuus est. Et ideo
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diff changeset
1375 nec Baptismus iterari debet. Propter quod, Heb. VI, contra quosdam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1376 rebaptizari volentes dicitur, <i>rursus crucifigentes sibimetipsis
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diff changeset
1377 filium Dei</i>, ubi Glossa dicit, <i>una Christi mors unum Baptisma
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1378 consecravit</i>. Tertio, quia Baptismus imprimit characterem, qui
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diff changeset
1379 est indelebilis, et cum quadam consecratione datur. Unde, sicut
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diff changeset
1380 aliae consecrationes non iterantur in Ecclesia, ita nec Baptismus.
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diff changeset
1381 Et hoc est quod Augustinus dicit, in II contra epistolam
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diff changeset
1382 Parmeniani, quod <i>character militaris non repetitur; et quod non
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diff changeset
1383 minus haeret sacramentum Christi quam corporalis haec nota, cum
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diff changeset
1384 videamus nec apostatas carere Baptismate, quibus utique per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1385 poenitentiam redeuntibus non restituitur</i>. Quarto, quia
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diff changeset
1386 Baptismus principaliter datur contra originale peccatum. Et ideo,
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diff changeset
1387 sicut originale peccatum non iteratur, ita etiam nec Baptismus
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diff changeset
1388 iteratur, quia, ut dicitur Rom. V, <i>sicut per unius delictum in
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diff changeset
1389 omnes homines in condemnationem, sic per unius iustitiam in omnes
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diff changeset
1390 homines in iustificationem vitae</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1391 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="49956"><span class=
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diff changeset
1392 "ref">[49956] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
1393 dicendum quod Baptismus operatur in virtute passionis Christi,
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diff changeset
1394 sicut supra dictum est. Et ideo, sicut peccata sequentia virtutem
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diff changeset
1395 passionis Christi non auferunt, ita etiam non auferunt Baptismum,
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diff changeset
1396 ut necesse sit ipsum iterari, sed, poenitentia superveniente,
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diff changeset
1397 tollitur peccatum, quod impediebat effectum Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1398 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="49957"><span class=
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diff changeset
1399 "ref">[49957] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1400 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, super illud Ioan. I, <i>sed
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diff changeset
1401 ego nesciebam eum, ecce, post Ioannem baptizatum est, post
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diff changeset
1402 homicidam non est baptizatum, quia Ioannes dedit Baptismum suum,
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diff changeset
1403 homicida dedit Baptismum Christi; quia sacramentum tam sanctum est
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diff changeset
1404 ut nec homicida ministrante polluatur</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1405 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="49958"><span class=
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diff changeset
1406 "ref">[49958] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1407 dicendum quod Pauliani et Cataphrygae non baptizabant in nomine
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diff changeset
1408 Trinitatis. Unde Gregorius dicit, scribens Quirico episcopo, <i>hi
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diff changeset
1409 haeretici qui in Trinitatis nomine minime baptizantur, sicut sunt
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diff changeset
1410 Bonosiani et Cataphrygae</i>, qui scilicet idem sentiebant cum
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diff changeset
1411 Paulianis, <i>quia et isti Christum Deum non credunt</i>,
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diff changeset
1412 existimantes scilicet ipsum esse purum hominem, <i>et isti,
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diff changeset
1413 scilicet Cataphrygae, spiritum sanctum perverso sensu esse purum
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diff changeset
1414 hominem, Montanum scilicet, credunt, qui cum ad sanctam Ecclesiam
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diff changeset
1415 veniunt, baptizantur, quia Baptisma non fuit quod, in errore
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diff changeset
1416 positi, sanctae Trinitatis nomine minime perceperunt</i>. Sed,
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diff changeset
1417 sicut in regulis ecclesiasticis dicitur, <i>si qui apud illos
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diff changeset
1418 haereticos baptizati sunt qui in sanctae Trinitatis confessione
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diff changeset
1419 baptizant, et veniunt ad Catholicam fidem, recipiantur ut
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diff changeset
1420 baptizati</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1421 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 ad 4"><a name="49959"><span class=
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diff changeset
1422 "ref">[49959] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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diff changeset
1423 dicendum quod, sicut dicit decretalis Alexandri III, <i>de quibus
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diff changeset
1424 dubium est an baptizati fuerint, baptizentur his verbis praemissis,
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diff changeset
1425 si baptizatus es, non te rebaptizo, sed si non baptizatus es, ego
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diff changeset
1426 te baptizo, et cetera. Non enim videtur iterari quod nescitur esse
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diff changeset
1427 factum</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1428 <p title="III q. 66 a. 9 ad 5"><a name="49960"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1429 "ref">[49960] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 9 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
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diff changeset
1430 dicendum quod utrumque sacramentum, scilicet Baptismi et
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diff changeset
1431 Eucharistiae, est repraesentativum dominicae mortis et passionis,
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diff changeset
1432 aliter tamen et aliter. Nam in Baptismo commemoratur mors Christi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1433 inquantum homo Christo commoritur ut in novam vitam regeneretur.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1434 Sed in sacramento Eucharistiae commemoratur mors Christi inquantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1435 ipse Christus passus exhibetur nobis quasi paschale convivium,
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diff changeset
1436 secundum illud I Cor. V, <i>Pascha nostrum immolatus est Christus,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1437 itaque epulemur</i>. Et quia homo semel nascitur, multoties autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1438 cibatur, semel tantum datur Baptismus, multoties autem
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diff changeset
1439 Eucharistia.</p>
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diff changeset
1440 <br />
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diff changeset
1441 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
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diff changeset
1442 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="49961"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1443 "ref">[49961] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum
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diff changeset
1444 sic proceditur. Videtur quod non sit conveniens ritus quo Ecclesia
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diff changeset
1445 utitur in baptizando. Ut enim dicit Chrysostomus, <i>nunquam aquae
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diff changeset
1446 Baptismi purgare peccata credentium possent, nisi tactu dominici
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diff changeset
1447 corporis sanctificatae fuissent</i>. Hoc autem factum fuit in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1448 Baptismo Christi, qui celebratur in festo Epiphaniae. Ergo magis
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diff changeset
1449 deberet celebrari solemnis Baptismus in festo Epiphaniae quam in
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diff changeset
1450 vigilia Paschae et in vigilia Pentecostes.</p>
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diff changeset
1451 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="49962"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1452 "ref">[49962] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1453 idem sacramentum non videtur pertinere diversarum materierum usus.
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diff changeset
1454 Sed ab Baptismum pertinet ablutio aquae. Inconvenienter igitur ille
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1455 qui baptizatur bis inungitur oleo sancto, primum in pectore, deinde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1456 inter scapulas, tertio, chrismate in vertice.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1457 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="49963"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1458 "ref">[49963] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> <i>Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1459 in Christo Iesu non est masculus neque femina, barbarus et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1460 Scytha</i>, et eadem ratione nec aliquae aliae huiusmodi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1461 differentiae. Multo igitur minus diversitas vestium aliquid
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1462 operatur in fide Christi. Inconvenienter ergo baptizatis traditur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1463 candida vestis.</p>
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diff changeset
1464 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 arg. 4"><a name="49964"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1465 "ref">[49964] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1466 sine huiusmodi observantiis potest Baptismus celebrari. Haec igitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1467 quae dicta sunt, videntur esse superflua, et ita inconvenienter ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1468 Ecclesia instituta esse in ritu Baptismi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1469 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 s. c."><a name="49965"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1470 "ref">[49965] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1471 quod Ecclesia regitur spiritu sancto, qui nihil inordinatum
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diff changeset
1472 operatur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1473 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 co."><a name="49966"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1474 "ref">[49966] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1475 dicendum quod in sacramento Baptismi aliquid agitur quod est de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1476 necessitate sacramenti, et aliquid est quod ad quandam solemnitatem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1477 sacramenti pertinet. De necessitate quidem sacramenti est et forma,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1478 quae designat principalem causam sacramenti; et minister, qui est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1479 causa instrumentalis; et usus materiae, scilicet ablutio in aqua,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1480 quae designat principalem sacramenti effectum. Cetera vero omnia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1481 quae in ritu baptizandi observat Ecclesia, magis pertinent ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1482 quandam solemnitatem sacramenti. Quae quidem adhibentur sacramento
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1483 propter tria. Primo quidem, ad excitandam devotionem fidelium, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1484 reverentiam ad sacramentum. Si enim simpliciter fieret ablutio in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1485 aqua, absque solemnitate, de facili ab aliquibus aestimaretur quasi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1486 quaedam communis ablutio. Secundo, ad fidelium instructionem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1487 Simplices enim, qui litteris non erudiuntur, oportet erudire per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1488 aliqua sensibilia signa, puta per picturas, et aliqua huiusmodi. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1489 per hunc modum per ea quae in sacramentis aguntur, vel instruuntur,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1490 vel sollicitantur ad quaerendum de his quae per huiusmodi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1491 sensibilia signa significantur. Et ideo, quia, praeter principalem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1492 sacramenti effectum, oportet quaedam alia scire circa Baptismum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1493 conveniens fuit ut etiam quibusdam exterioribus signis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1494 repraesentarentur. Tertio, quia per orationes et benedictiones et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1495 alia huiusmodi cohibetur vis Daemonis ab impedimento sacramentalis
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diff changeset
1496 effectus.</p>
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diff changeset
1497 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="49967"><span class=
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diff changeset
1498 "ref">[49967] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
1499 dicendum quod Christus in Epiphania baptizatus est Baptismo
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diff changeset
1500 Ioannis, ut supra dictum est, quo quidem Baptismo non baptizantur
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diff changeset
1501 fideles, sed potius Baptismo Christi. Qui quidem habet efficaciam
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diff changeset
1502 ex passione Christi, secundum illud Rom. VI, <i>quicumque baptizati
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diff changeset
1503 sumus in Christo Iesu, in morte ipsius baptizati sumus; et ex
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diff changeset
1504 spiritu sancto</i>, secundum illud Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus
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diff changeset
1505 fuerit ex aqua et spiritu sancto</i>. Et ideo solemnis Baptismus
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diff changeset
1506 agitur in Ecclesia et in vigilia Paschae, quando fit commemoratio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1507 dominicae sepulturae, et resurrectionis eiusdem; propter quod et
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diff changeset
1508 dominus post resurrectionem praeceptum de Baptismo discipulis
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diff changeset
1509 dedit, ut habetur Matth. ult., et in vigilia Pentecostes, quando
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diff changeset
1510 incipit celebrari solemnitas spiritus sancti; unde et apostoli
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diff changeset
1511 leguntur ipso die Pentecostes, quo spiritum sanctum receperant,
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diff changeset
1512 tria millia baptizasse.</p>
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diff changeset
1513 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="49968"><span class=
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diff changeset
1514 "ref">[49968] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1515 dicendum quod usus aquae adhibetur in Baptismo quasi pertinens ad
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diff changeset
1516 substantiam sacramenti, sed usus olei vel chrismatis adhibetur ad
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diff changeset
1517 quandam solemnitatem. Nam primo, baptizandus inungitur oleo sancto
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diff changeset
1518 et in pectore et in scapulis, quasi athleta Dei, ut Ambrosius
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diff changeset
1519 dicit, in libro de sacramentis, sicut pugiles inungi consueverunt.
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diff changeset
1520 Vel, sicut Innocentius dicit, in quadam decretali de sacra
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diff changeset
1521 unctione, <i>baptizandus in pectore inungitur, ut spiritus sancti
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diff changeset
1522 donum recipiat, errorem abiiciat et ignorantiam, et fidem rectam
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diff changeset
1523 suscipiat, quia iustus ex fide vivit; inter scapulas autem
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diff changeset
1524 inungitur, ut spiritus sancti gratiam induat, exuat negligentiam et
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diff changeset
1525 torporem, et bonam operationem exerceat; ut per fidei sacramentum
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diff changeset
1526 sit munditia cogitationum in pectore, et fortitudo laborum in
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diff changeset
1527 scapulis</i>. Post Baptismum vero, ut Rabanus dicit, <i>statim
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diff changeset
1528 signatur in cerebro a presbytero cum sacro chrismate, sequente
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diff changeset
1529 simul et oratione, ut Christi regni particeps fiat, et a Christo
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diff changeset
1530 Christianus possit vocari</i>. Vel, sicut Ambrosius dicit,
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diff changeset
1531 unguentum super caput effunditur, quia <i>sapientis sensus in
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diff changeset
1532 capite eius, ut scilicet sit paratus omni petenti de fide reddere
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diff changeset
1533 rationem</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1534 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="49969"><span class=
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diff changeset
1535 "ref">[49969] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1536 dicendum quod vestis illa candida traditur baptizato, non quidem ea
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diff changeset
1537 ratione quod non liceat ei aliis vestibus uti, sed in signum
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diff changeset
1538 gloriosae resurrectionis, ad quam homines per Baptismum
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diff changeset
1539 regenerantur; et ad designandam puritatem vitae, quam debent post
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diff changeset
1540 Baptismum observare, secundum illud Rom. VI, <i>in novitate vitae
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diff changeset
1541 ambulemus</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1542 <p title="III q. 66 a. 10 ad 4"><a name="49970"><span class=
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diff changeset
1543 "ref">[49970] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 10 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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diff changeset
1544 dicendum quod ea quae pertinent ad solemnitatem sacramenti, etsi
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1545 non sint de necessitate sacramenti, non tamen sunt superflua, quia
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1546 sunt ad bene esse sacramenti, ut supra dictum est.</p>
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diff changeset
1547 <br />
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diff changeset
1548 <div class="E">Articulus 11</div>
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diff changeset
1549 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 arg. 1"><a name="49971"><span class=
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diff changeset
1550 "ref">[49971] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 arg. 1</span></a> Ad undecimum
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diff changeset
1551 sic proceditur. Videtur quod inconvenienter describantur tria
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diff changeset
1552 Baptismata, scilicet aquae, sanguinis et flaminis, scilicet
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diff changeset
1553 spiritus sancti. Quia apostolus dicit, Ephes. IV, <i>una fides,
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diff changeset
1554 unum Baptisma</i>. Sed non est nisi una fides. Ergo non debent tria
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diff changeset
1555 Baptismata esse.</p>
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diff changeset
1556 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 arg. 2"><a name="49972"><span class=
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diff changeset
1557 "ref">[49972] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1558 Baptismus est quoddam sacramentum, ut ex supra dictis patet. Sed
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diff changeset
1559 solum Baptismus aquae est sacramentum. Ergo non debent poni alii
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diff changeset
1560 duo Baptismi.</p>
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diff changeset
1561 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 arg. 3"><a name="49973"><span class=
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diff changeset
1562 "ref">[49973] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1563 Damascenus, in IV libro, determinat plura alia genera Baptismatum.
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diff changeset
1564 Non ergo solum debent poni tria Baptismata.</p>
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diff changeset
1565 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 s. c."><a name="49974"><span class=
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diff changeset
1566 "ref">[49974] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1567 quod, super illud Heb. VI, Baptismatum doctrinae, dicit Glossa,
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diff changeset
1568 <i>pluraliter dicit, quia est Baptismus aquae, poenitentiae, et
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diff changeset
1569 sanguinis</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1570 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 co."><a name="49975"><span class=
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diff changeset
1571 "ref">[49975] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1572 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, Baptismus aquae efficaciam
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diff changeset
1573 habet a passione Christi, cui aliquis configuratur per Baptismum;
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diff changeset
1574 et ulterius, sicut a prima causa, a spiritu sancto. Licet autem
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diff changeset
1575 effectus dependeat a prima causa, causa tamen superexcedit
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diff changeset
1576 effectum, nec dependet ab effectu. Et ideo, praeter Baptismum
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diff changeset
1577 aquae, potest aliquis consequi sacramenti effectum ex passione
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diff changeset
1578 Christi, inquantum quis ei conformatur pro Christo patiendo. Unde
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diff changeset
1579 dicitur Apoc. VII, <i>hi sunt qui venerunt ex tribulatione magna,
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diff changeset
1580 et laverunt stolas suas et dealbaverunt eas in sanguine agni</i>.
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diff changeset
1581 Eadem etiam ratione aliquis per virtutem spiritus sancti
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diff changeset
1582 consequitur effectum Baptismi, non solum sine Baptismo aquae, sed
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diff changeset
1583 etiam sine Baptismo sanguinis, inquantum scilicet alicuius cor per
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diff changeset
1584 spiritum sanctum movetur ad credendum et diligendum Deum, et
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diff changeset
1585 poenitendum de peccatis; unde etiam dicitur Baptismus poenitentiae.
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diff changeset
1586 Et de hoc dicitur Isaiae IV, <i>si abluerit dominus sordes filiarum
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diff changeset
1587 Sion, et sanguinem Ierusalem laverit de medio eius, in spiritu
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diff changeset
1588 iudicii et spiritu ardoris</i>. Sic igitur utrumque aliorum
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diff changeset
1589 Baptismatum nominatur Baptismus, inquantum supplet vicem Baptismi.
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diff changeset
1590 Unde dicit Augustinus, in IV libro de unico Baptismo parvulorum,
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diff changeset
1591 <i>Baptismi vicem aliquando implere passionem, de latrone illo cui
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diff changeset
1592 non baptizato dictum est, hodie mecum eris in Paradiso, beatus
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diff changeset
1593 Cyprianus non leve documentum assumit. Quod etiam atque etiam
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diff changeset
1594 considerans, invenio non tantum passionem pro nomine Christi id
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diff changeset
1595 quod ex Baptismo deerat posse supplere, sed etiam fidem
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diff changeset
1596 conversionemque cordis, si forte ad celebrandum mysterium Baptismi
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diff changeset
1597 in angustiis temporum succurri non potest</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1598 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 ad 1"><a name="49976"><span class=
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diff changeset
1599 "ref">[49976] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
1600 dicendum quod alia duo Baptismata includuntur in Baptismo aquae,
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diff changeset
1601 qui efficaciam habet et ex passione Christi et ex spiritu sancto.
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1602 Et ideo per hoc non tollitur unitas Baptismatis.</p>
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diff changeset
1603 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 ad 2"><a name="49977"><span class=
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diff changeset
1604 "ref">[49977] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
1605 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sacramentum habet rationem
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diff changeset
1606 signi. Alia vero duo conveniunt cum Baptismo aquae, non quidem
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diff changeset
1607 quantum ad rationem signi, sed quantum ad effectum Baptismatis. Et
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1608 ideo non sunt sacramenta.</p>
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diff changeset
1609 <p title="III q. 66 a. 11 ad 3"><a name="49978"><span class=
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diff changeset
1610 "ref">[49978] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 11 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
1611 dicendum quod Damascenus ponit quaedam Baptismata figuralia. Sicut
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diff changeset
1612 diluvium, quod fuit signum nostri Baptismi quantum ad salvationem
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diff changeset
1613 fidelium in Ecclesia, sicut <i>tunc paucae animae salvae factae
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diff changeset
1614 sunt in arca</i>, ut dicitur I Petr. III. Ponit etiam transitum
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diff changeset
1615 maris rubri, qui significat nostrum Baptisma quantum ad
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diff changeset
1616 liberationem a servitute peccati; unde apostolus dicit, I Cor. X,
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diff changeset
1617 quod <i>omnes baptizati sunt in nube et in mari</i>. Ponit etiam
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diff changeset
1618 ablutiones diversas quae fiebant in veteri lege, praefigurantes
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diff changeset
1619 nostrum Baptisma quantum ad purgationem peccatorum. Ponit etiam
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diff changeset
1620 Baptismum Ioannis, qui fuit praeparatorius ad nostrum Baptisma.</p>
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diff changeset
1621 <br />
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diff changeset
1622 <div class="E">Articulus 12</div>
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diff changeset
1623 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 arg. 1"><a name="49979"><span class=
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diff changeset
1624 "ref">[49979] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 arg. 1</span></a> Ad duodecimum
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diff changeset
1625 sic proceditur. Videtur quod Baptismus sanguinis non sit potissimus
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diff changeset
1626 inter tria Baptismata. Baptismus enim aquae imprimit characterem.
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diff changeset
1627 Quod quidem Baptismus sanguinis non facit. Ergo Baptismus sanguinis
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diff changeset
1628 non est potior quam Baptismus aquae.</p>
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diff changeset
1629 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 arg. 2"><a name="49980"><span class=
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diff changeset
1630 "ref">[49980] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1631 Baptismus sanguinis non valet sine Baptismo flaminis, qui est per
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diff changeset
1632 caritatem, dicitur enim I Cor. XIII, <i>si tradidero corpus meum
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diff changeset
1633 ita ut ardeam, caritatem autem non habuero, nihil mihi prodest</i>.
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diff changeset
1634 Sed Baptismus flaminis valet sine Baptismo sanguinis, non enim soli
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diff changeset
1635 martyres salvantur. Ergo Baptismus sanguinis non est
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diff changeset
1636 potissimus.</p>
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diff changeset
1637 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 arg. 3"><a name="49981"><span class=
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diff changeset
1638 "ref">[49981] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1639 sicut Baptismus aquae habet efficaciam a passione Christi, cui,
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diff changeset
1640 secundum praedicta, respondet Baptismus sanguinis, ita passio
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diff changeset
1641 Christi efficaciam habet a spiritu sancto, secundum illud Heb. IX,
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diff changeset
1642 <i>sanguis Christi, qui per spiritum sanctum obtulit semetipsum pro
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diff changeset
1643 nobis, emundabit conscientias nostras ab operibus mortuis</i>, et
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diff changeset
1644 cetera. Ergo Baptismus flaminis potior est quam Baptismus
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diff changeset
1645 sanguinis. Non ergo Baptismus sanguinis est potissimus.</p>
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diff changeset
1646 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 s. c."><a name="49982"><span class=
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diff changeset
1647 "ref">[49982] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1648 quod Augustinus, ad Fortunatum, loquens de comparatione
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diff changeset
1649 Baptismatum, dicit, <i>baptizatus confitetur fidem suam coram
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diff changeset
1650 sacerdote, martyr coram persecutore. Ille post confessionem suam
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diff changeset
1651 aspergitur aqua, hic sanguine. Ille per impositionem manus
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diff changeset
1652 pontificis recipit spiritum sanctum, hic templum efficitur spiritus
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diff changeset
1653 sancti</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1654 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 co."><a name="49983"><span class=
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diff changeset
1655 "ref">[49983] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1656 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, effusio sanguinis pro Christo, et
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diff changeset
1657 operatio interior spiritus sancti, dicuntur Baptismata inquantum
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diff changeset
1658 efficiunt effectum Baptismi aquae. Baptismus autem aquae efficaciam
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diff changeset
1659 habet a passione Christi et a spiritu sancto, ut dictum est. Quae
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diff changeset
1660 quidem duae causae operantur in quolibet horum trium Baptismatum,
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diff changeset
1661 excellentissime autem in Baptismo sanguinis. Nam passio Christi
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diff changeset
1662 operatur quidem in Baptismo aquae per quandam figuralem
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diff changeset
1663 repraesentationem; in Baptismo autem flaminis vel poenitentiae per
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diff changeset
1664 quandam affectionem; sed in Baptismo sanguinis per imitationem
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1665 operis. Similiter etiam virtus spiritus sancti operatur in Baptismo
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diff changeset
1666 aquae per quandam virtutem latentem; in Baptismo autem poenitentiae
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diff changeset
1667 per cordis commotionem; sed in Baptismo sanguinis per potissimum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1668 dilectionis et affectionis fervorem, secundum illud Ioan. XV,
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diff changeset
1669 <i>maiorem hac dilectionem nemo habet, ut animam suam ponat quis
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diff changeset
1670 pro amicis suis</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1671 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 ad 1"><a name="49984"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1672 "ref">[49984] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1673 dicendum quod character est res et sacramentum. Non autem dicimus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1674 quod Baptismus sanguinis praeeminentiam habeat secundum rationem
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diff changeset
1675 sacramenti, sed quantum ad sacramenti effectum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1676 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 ad 2"><a name="49985"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1677 "ref">[49985] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1678 dicendum quod effusio sanguinis non habet rationem Baptismi si sit
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diff changeset
1679 sine caritate. Ex quo patet quod Baptismus sanguinis includit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1680 Baptismum flaminis, et non e converso. Unde ex hoc probatur
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diff changeset
1681 perfectior.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1682 <p title="III q. 66 a. 12 ad 3"><a name="49986"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1683 "ref">[49986] III&ordf; q. 66 a. 12 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1684 dicendum quod Baptismus sanguinis praeeminentiam habet non solum ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1685 parte passionis Christi, sed etiam ex parte spiritus sancti, ut
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diff changeset
1686 dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1687 <br />
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diff changeset
1688 <div class="D">Quaestio 67</div>
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diff changeset
1689 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1690 <p title="III q. 67 pr."><a name="49987"><span class="ref">[49987]
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1691 III&ordf; q. 67 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1692 ministris per quos traditur sacramentum Baptismi. Et circa hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1693 quaeruntur octo. Primo, utrum ad diaconum pertineat baptizare.
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diff changeset
1694 Secundo, utrum pertineat ad presbyterum, vel solum ad episcopum.
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diff changeset
1695 Tertio, utrum laicus possit sacramentum Baptismi conferre. Quarto,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1696 utrum hoc possit facere mulier. Quinto, utrum non baptizatus possit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1697 baptizare. Sexto, utrum plures possint simul baptizare unum et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1698 eundem. Septimo, utrum necesse sit esse aliquem qui baptizatum de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1699 sacro fonte recipiat. Octavo, utrum suscipiens aliquem de sacro
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diff changeset
1700 fonte obligetur ad eius instructionem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1701 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1702 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1703 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="49988"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1704 "ref">[49988] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
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diff changeset
1705 proceditur. Videtur quod ad officium diaconi pertineat baptizare.
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diff changeset
1706 Simul enim iniungitur a domino officium praedicandi et baptizandi,
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diff changeset
1707 secundum illud Matth. ult., <i>euntes, docete omnes gentes,
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diff changeset
1708 baptizantes eos</i>, et cetera. Sed ad officium diaconi pertinet
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diff changeset
1709 evangelizare. Ergo videtur quod etiam ad officium diaconi pertineat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1710 baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1711 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="49989"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1712 "ref">[49989] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
1713 secundum Dionysium, V cap. Eccl. Hier., purgare pertinet ad
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diff changeset
1714 officium diaconi. Sed purgatio a peccatis maxime fit per Baptismum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1715 secundum illud Ephes. V, <i>mundans eam lavacro aquae in verbo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1716 vitae</i>. Ergo videtur quod baptizare pertineat ad diaconem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1717 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="49990"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1718 "ref">[49990] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, de
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diff changeset
1719 beato Laurentio legitur quod, cum ipse esset diaconus, plurimos
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diff changeset
1720 baptizabat. Ergo videtur quod ad diacones pertinet baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1721 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 s. c."><a name="49991"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1722 "ref">[49991] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1723 quod Gelasius Papa dicit, et habetur in decretis, XCIII dist.,
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diff changeset
1724 <i>diacones propriam constituimus observare mensuram</i>. Et infra,
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diff changeset
1725 <i>absque episcopo vel presbytero baptizare non audeant, nisi,
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diff changeset
1726 praedictis ordinibus longius constitutis, necessitas extrema
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diff changeset
1727 compellat</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1728 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 co."><a name="49992"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1729 "ref">[49992] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1730 dicendum quod, sicut caelestium ordinum proprietates et eorum
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diff changeset
1731 officia ex eorum nominibus accipiuntur, ut dicit Dionysius, VII
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diff changeset
1732 cap. Cael. Hier.; ita etiam ex nominibus ecclesiasticorum ordinum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1733 accipi potest quid ad unumquemque pertineat ordinem. Dicuntur autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1734 diacones quasi ministri, quia videlicet ad diacones non pertinet
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diff changeset
1735 aliquod sacramentum principaliter et quasi ex proprio officio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1736 praebere, sed ministerium adhibere aliis maioribus in sacramentorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1737 exhibitione. Et sic ad diaconem non pertinet quasi ex proprio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1738 officio tradere sacramentum Baptismi, sed in collatione huius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1739 sacramenti et aliorum assistere et ministrare maioribus. Unde
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diff changeset
1740 Isidorus dicit, <i>ad diaconum pertinet assistere et ministrare
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1741 sacerdotibus in omnibus quae aguntur in sacramentis Christi, in
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diff changeset
1742 Baptismo scilicet, in chrismate, in patena et calice</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1743 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="49993"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1744 "ref">[49993] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1745 dicendum quod ad diaconum pertinet recitare Evangelium in Ecclesia,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1746 et praedicare ipsum per modum catechizantis, unde et Dionysius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1747 dicit quod diaconi habent officium super immundos, inter quos ponit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1748 catechumenos. Sed docere, id est exponere Evangelium, pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1749 proprie ad episcopum, cuius actus est perficere, secundum
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diff changeset
1750 Dionysium, V cap. Eccl. Hier.; perficere autem idem est quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1751 docere. Unde non sequitur quod ad diacones pertineat officium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1752 baptizandi.</p>
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diff changeset
1753 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="49994"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1754 "ref">[49994] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1755 dicendum quod, sicut Dionysius dicit, II cap. Eccl. Hier.,
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diff changeset
1756 Baptismus non solum habet vim purgativam, sed etiam illuminativam
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diff changeset
1757 virtutem. Et ideo excedit officium diaconi, ad quem pertinet solum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1758 purgare, scilicet vel repellendo immundos, vel disponendo eos ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1759 sacramenti susceptionem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1760 <p title="III q. 67 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="49995"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1761 "ref">[49995] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1762 dicendum quod, quia Baptismus est sacramentum necessitatis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1763 permittitur diaconibus, necessitate urgente in absentia maiorum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1764 baptizare, sicut patet ex auctoritate Gelasii super inducta. Et hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1765 modo beatus Laurentius, diaconus existens, baptizavit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1766 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1767 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1768 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="49996"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1769 "ref">[49996] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1770 sic proceditur. Videtur quod baptizare non pertineat ad officium
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diff changeset
1771 presbyterorum, sed solum episcoporum. Quia, sicut dictum est, sub
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1772 eodem praecepto iniungitur, Matth. ult., officium docendi et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1773 baptizandi. Sed docere, quod est perficere, pertinet ad officium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1774 episcopi, ut patet per Dionysium, V et VI cap. Eccl. Hier. Ergo et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1775 baptizare pertinet tantum ad officium episcopi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1776 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="49997"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1777 "ref">[49997] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1778 Baptismum annumeratur aliquis populo Christiano, quod quidem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1779 videtur ad officium solius principis pertinere. Sed principatum in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1780 Ecclesia tenent episcopi, ut dicitur in Glossa Luc. X, qui etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1781 tenent locum apostolorum, de quibus dicitur in Psalmo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1782 <i>constitues eos principes super omnem terram</i>. Ergo videtur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1783 quod baptizare pertineat solum ad officium episcopi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1784 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="49998"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1785 "ref">[49998] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1786 Isidorus dicit quod <i>ad episcopum pertinet basilicarum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1787 consecratio, unctio altaris, et confectio chrismatis, ipse ordines
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1788 ecclesiasticos distribuit, et sacras virgines benedicit</i>. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1789 his omnibus maius est sacramentum Baptismi. Ergo videtur quod multo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1790 magis ad officium solius episcopi pertinet baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1791 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 s. c."><a name="49999"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1792 "ref">[49999] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1793 quod Isidorus dicit, in libro de officiis, <i>constat Baptisma
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1794 solis sacerdotibus esse traditum</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1795 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 co."><a name="50000"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1796 "ref">[50000] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1797 dicendum quod sacerdotes ad hoc consecrantur ut sacramentum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1798 corporis Christi conficiant, sicut supra dictum est. Illud autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1799 est sacramentum ecclesiasticae unitatis, secundum illud apostoli, I
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1800 Cor. X, <i>unus panis et unum corpus multi sumus, omnes qui de uno
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1801 pane et de uno calice participamus</i>. Per Baptismum autem aliquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1802 fit particeps ecclesiasticae unitatis, unde et accipit ius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1803 accedendi ad mensam domini. Et ideo, sicut ad sacerdotem pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1804 consecrare Eucharistiam, ad quod principaliter ordinatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1805 sacerdotium, ita ad proprium officium sacerdotis pertinet
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diff changeset
1806 baptizare, eiusdem enim videtur esse operari totum, et partem in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1807 toto disponere.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1808 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="50001"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1809 "ref">[50001] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1810 dicendum quod utrumque officium, scilicet docendi et baptizandi,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1811 dominus apostolis iniunxit, quorum vicem gerunt episcopi, aliter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1812 tamen et aliter. Nam officium docendi commisit eis Christus ut ipsi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1813 per se illud exercerent, tanquam principalissimum, unde et ipsi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1814 apostoli dixerunt, Act. VI, <i>non est aequum nos relinquere verbum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1815 Dei et ministrare mensis</i>. Officium autem baptizandi commisit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1816 apostolis ut per alios exercendum, unde et apostolus dicit, I Cor.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1817 I, <i>non misit me Christus baptizare, sed evangelizare</i>. Et hoc
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diff changeset
1818 ideo quia in baptizando nihil operatur meritum et sapientia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1819 ministri, sicut in docendo, ut patet ex supra dictis. In cuius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1820 etiam signum, nec ipse dominus baptizavit, sed discipuli eius, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1821 dicitur Ioan. IV. Nec tamen per hoc excluditur quin episcopi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1822 possint baptizare, quia quod potest potestas inferior, potest et
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diff changeset
1823 superior. Unde et apostolus ibidem dicit se quosdam baptizasse.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1824 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="50002"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1825 "ref">[50002] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1826 dicendum quod in qualibet republica ea quae sunt minora, pertinent
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1827 ad minora officia, maiora vero maioribus reservantur, secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1828 illud Exod. XVIII, <i>quidquid maius fuerit, referent ad te, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1829 ipsi tantummodo minora iudicent</i>. Et ideo ad minores principes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1830 civitatis pertinet disponere de infimo populo, ad summos autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1831 pertinet disponere ea quae pertinent ad maiores civitatis. Per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1832 Baptismum autem non adipiscitur aliquis nisi infimum gradum in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1833 populo Christiano. Et ideo baptizare pertinet ad minores principes
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diff changeset
1834 Ecclesiae, idest presbyteros, qui tenent locum septuaginta duorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1835 discipulorum Christi, ut dicit Glossa Luc. X.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1836 <p title="III q. 67 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="50003"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1837 "ref">[50003] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1838 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sacramentum Baptismi est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1839 potissimum necessitate, sed quantum ad perfectionem, sunt quaedam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1840 alia potiora, quae episcopis reservantur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1841 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1842 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1843 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="50004"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1844 "ref">[50004] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1845 proceditur. Videtur quod laicus baptizare non possit. Baptizare
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1846 enim, sicut dictum est, proprie pertinet ad ordinem sacerdotalem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1847 Sed ea quae sunt ordinis, non possunt committi non habenti ordinem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1848 Ergo videtur quod laicus, qui non habet ordinem, baptizare non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1849 possit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1850 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="50005"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1851 "ref">[50005] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1852 maius est baptizare quam alia sacramentalia Baptismi perficere,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1853 sicut catechizare et exorcizare et aquam baptismalem benedicere.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1854 Sed haec non possunt fieri a laicis, sed solum a sacerdotibus. Ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1855 videtur quod multo minus laici possint baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1856 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="50006"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1857 "ref">[50006] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1858 sicut Baptismus est sacramentum necessitatis, ita et poenitentia.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1859 Sed laicus non potest absolvere in foro poenitentiali. Ergo neque
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1860 potest baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1861 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 s. c."><a name="50007"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1862 "ref">[50007] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1863 quod Gelasius Papa et Isidorus dicunt, quod <i>baptizare,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1864 necessitate imminente, laicis Christianis plerumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1865 conceditur</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1866 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 co."><a name="50008"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1867 "ref">[50008] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1868 dicendum quod ad misericordiam eius qui <i>vult omnes homines
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1869 salvos fieri</i>, pertinet ut in his quae sunt de necessitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1870 salutis, homo de facili remedium inveniat. Inter omnia autem alia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1871 sacramenta maximae necessitatis est Baptismus, qui est regeneratio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1872 hominis in vitam spiritualem, quia pueris aliter subveniri non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1873 potest; et adulti non possunt aliter quam per Baptismum plenam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1874 remissionem consequi et quantum ad culpam et quantum ad poenam. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1875 ideo, ut homo circa remedium tam necessarium defectum pati non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1876 possit, institutum est ut et materia Baptismi sit communis,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1877 scilicet aqua, quae a quolibet haberi potest; et minister Baptismi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1878 etiam sit quicumque, etiam non ordinatus; ne propter defectum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1879 Baptismi homo salutis suae dispendium patiatur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1880 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="50009"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1881 "ref">[50009] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1882 dicendum quod baptizare pertinet ad ordinem sacerdotalem secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1883 quandam convenientiam et solemnitatem, non autem hoc est de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
1884 necessitate sacramenti. Unde etiam si extra necessitatis articulum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1885 laicus baptizet, peccat quidem, tamen sacramentum Baptismi confert,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1886 nec est rebaptizandus ille qui sic est baptizatus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1887 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="50010"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1888 "ref">[50010] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1889 dicendum quod illa sacramentalia Baptismi pertinent ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1890 solemnitatem, non autem ad necessitatem Baptismi. Et ideo fieri non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1891 debent nec possunt a laico, sed solum a sacerdote, cuius est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1892 solemniter baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1893 <p title="III q. 67 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="50011"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1894 "ref">[50011] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1895 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, poenitentia non est tantae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1896 necessitatis sicut Baptismus, potest enim per contritionem suppleri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1897 defectus sacerdotalis absolutionis quae non liberat a tota poena,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1898 nec etiam pueris adhibetur. Et ideo non est simile de Baptismo,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1899 cuius effectus per nihil aliud suppleri potest.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1900 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1901 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1902 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="50012"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1903 "ref">[50012] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1904 proceditur. Videtur quod mulier non possit baptizare. Legitur enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1905 in Carthaginensi Concilio, <i>mulier, quamvis docta et sancta,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1906 viros in conventu docere, vel alios baptizare non praesumat</i>.
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diff changeset
1907 Sed nullo modo licet mulieri docere in conventu, secundum illud I
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diff changeset
1908 Cor. XIV, <i>turpe est mulieri in Ecclesia loqui</i>. Ergo videtur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1909 quod nec etiam aliquo modo liceat mulieri baptizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1910 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="50013"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1911 "ref">[50013] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1912 baptizare pertinet ad officium praelationis, unde a sacerdotibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1913 habentibus curam animarum debet accipi Baptismus. Sed hoc non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1914 potest competere feminae, secundum illud I Tim. II, <i>docere
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diff changeset
1915 mulieri non permitto, nec dominari in viros, sed subditam esse</i>.
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diff changeset
1916 Ergo mulier baptizare non potest.</p>
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diff changeset
1917 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="50014"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1918 "ref">[50014] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
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diff changeset
1919 spirituali regeneratione videtur aqua habere locum materni uteri,
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diff changeset
1920 ut Augustinus dicit, super illud Ioan. III, <i>nunquid homo potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1921 in ventrem matris suae iterato introire et renasci?</i> Ille autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1922 qui baptizat, videtur magis habere patris officium. Sed hoc non
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diff changeset
1923 competit mulieri. Ergo mulier baptizare non potest.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1924 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 s. c."><a name="50015"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1925 "ref">[50015] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
1926 quod Urbanus Papa dicit, et habetur in decretis, XXX, qu. III,
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diff changeset
1927 <i>super quibus consuluit nos tua dilectio, hoc videtur nobis hac
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diff changeset
1928 sententia respondendum, ut Baptismus sit si, necessitate instante,
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diff changeset
1929 femina puerum in nomine Trinitatis baptizaverit</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
1930 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 co."><a name="50016"><span class=
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diff changeset
1931 "ref">[50016] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
1932 dicendum quod Christus est qui principaliter baptizat, secundum
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diff changeset
1933 illud Ioan. I, <i>super quem videris spiritum descendentem et
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diff changeset
1934 manentem, hic est qui baptizat</i>. Dicitur autem Coloss. III quod
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diff changeset
1935 <i>in Christo non est masculus neque femina</i>. Et ideo, sicut
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diff changeset
1936 masculus laicus potest baptizare, quasi minister Christi, ita etiam
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diff changeset
1937 et femina. Quia tamen <i>caput mulieris est vir, et caput viri
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diff changeset
1938 Christus</i>, ut dicitur I Cor. XI; non debet mulier baptizare si
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diff changeset
1939 adsit copia viri. Sicut nec laicus praesente clerico, nec clericus
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diff changeset
1940 praesente sacerdote. Qui tamen potest baptizare praesente episcopo,
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diff changeset
1941 eo quod hoc pertinet ad officium sacerdotis.</p>
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diff changeset
1942 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="50017"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1943 "ref">[50017] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1944 dicendum quod, sicut mulieri non permittitur publice docere, potest
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diff changeset
1945 tamen privata doctrina vel monitione aliquem instruere; ita non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1946 permittitur publice et solemniter baptizare, sed tamen potest
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diff changeset
1947 baptizare in necessitatis articulo.</p>
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diff changeset
1948 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="50018"><span class=
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diff changeset
1949 "ref">[50018] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1950 dicendum quod, quando Baptismus solemniter et ordinate celebratur,
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diff changeset
1951 debet aliquis sacramentum Baptismi suscipere a presbytero curam
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diff changeset
1952 animarum habente, vel ab aliquo vice eius. Hoc tamen non requiritur
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diff changeset
1953 in articulo necessitatis, in quo potest mulier baptizare.</p>
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diff changeset
1954 <p title="III q. 67 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="50019"><span class=
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diff changeset
1955 "ref">[50019] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1956 dicendum quod in generatione carnali masculus et femina operantur
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diff changeset
1957 secundum virtutem propriae naturae, et ideo femina non potest esse
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diff changeset
1958 principium generationis activum, sed passivum tantum. Sed in
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diff changeset
1959 generatione spirituali neuter operatur virtute propria, sed
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diff changeset
1960 instrumentaliter tantum per virtutem Christi. Et ideo eodem modo
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diff changeset
1961 potest et vir et mulier in casu necessitatis baptizare. Si tamen
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diff changeset
1962 mulier extra casum necessitatis baptizaret, non esset
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diff changeset
1963 rebaptizandus, sicut et de laico dictum est. Peccaret tamen ipsa
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diff changeset
1964 baptizans, et alii qui ad hoc cooperarentur, vel Baptismum ab ea
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diff changeset
1965 suscipiendo, vel ei baptizandum aliquem offerendo.</p>
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diff changeset
1966 <br />
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diff changeset
1967 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
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diff changeset
1968 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="50020"><span class=
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diff changeset
1969 "ref">[50020] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1970 proceditur. Videtur quod ille qui non est baptizatus, non possit
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diff changeset
1971 sacramentum Baptismi conferre. Nullus enim dat quod non habet. Sed
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diff changeset
1972 nonbaptizatus non habet sacramentum Baptismi. Ergo non potest ipsum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1973 conferre.</p>
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diff changeset
1974 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="50021"><span class=
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diff changeset
1975 "ref">[50021] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1976 sacramentum Baptismi confert aliquis inquantum est minister
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1977 Ecclesiae. Sed ille qui non est baptizatus, nullo modo pertinet ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1978 Ecclesiam, scilicet nec re nec sacramento. Ergo non potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1979 sacramentum Baptismi conferre.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1980 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="50022"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1981 "ref">[50022] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1982 maius est sacramentum conferre quam suscipere. Sed nonbaptizatus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1983 non potest alia sacramenta suscipere. Ergo multo minus potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1984 aliquod sacramentum conferre.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1985 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 s. c."><a name="50023"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1986 "ref">[50023] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1987 quod Isidorus dicit, <i>Romanus pontifex non hominem iudicat qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1988 baptizat, sed spiritum Dei subministrare gratiam Baptismi, licet
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diff changeset
1989 Paganus sit qui baptizat</i>. Sed ille qui est baptizatus, non
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diff changeset
1990 dicitur Paganus. Ergo non baptizatus potest conferre sacramentum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1991 Baptismi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1992 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 co."><a name="50024"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1993 "ref">[50024] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1994 dicendum quod hanc quaestionem Augustinus indeterminatam reliquit.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1995 Dicit enim, in II contra epistolam Parmeniani, <i>haec quidem alia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1996 quaestio est, utrum et ab his qui nunquam fuerunt Christiani,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1997 possit Baptismus dari, nec aliquid hinc temere affirmandum est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1998 sine auctoritate tanti sacri Concilii quantum tantae rei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
1999 sufficit</i>. Postmodum vero per Ecclesiam determinatum est quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2000 nonbaptizati, sive sint Iudaei sive Pagani, possunt sacramentum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2001 Baptismi conferre, dummodo in forma Ecclesiae baptizent. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2002 Nicolaus Papa respondet ad consulta Bulgarorum, <i>a quodam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2003 nescitis Christiano an Pagano, multos in patria vestra baptizatos
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diff changeset
2004 asseritis. Hi si in nomine Trinitatis baptizati sunt, rebaptizari
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diff changeset
2005 non debent</i>. Si autem forma Ecclesiae non fuerit observata,
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diff changeset
2006 sacramentum Baptismi non confertur. Et sic intelligendum est quod
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diff changeset
2007 Gregorius II scribit Bonifacio episcopo, <i>quos a Paganis
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diff changeset
2008 baptizatos asseruisti</i>, scilicet Ecclesiae forma non servata,
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diff changeset
2009 <i>ut de novo baptizes in nomine Trinitatis, mandamus</i>. Et huius
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diff changeset
2010 ratio est quia, sicut ex parte materiae, quantum ad necessitatem
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diff changeset
2011 sacramenti, sufficit quaecumque aqua, ita etiam sufficit ex parte
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diff changeset
2012 ministri quicumque homo. Et ideo etiam nonbaptizatus in articulo
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diff changeset
2013 necessitatis baptizare potest. Ut sic duo nonbaptizati se invicem
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diff changeset
2014 baptizent, dum prius unus baptizaret alium, et postea baptizaretur
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diff changeset
2015 ab eodem, et consequeretur uterque non solum sacramentum, sed etiam
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diff changeset
2016 rem sacramenti. Si vero extra articulum necessitatis hoc fieret,
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diff changeset
2017 uterque graviter peccaret, scilicet baptizans et baptizatus, et per
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diff changeset
2018 hoc impediretur Baptismi effectus, licet non tolleretur ipsum
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diff changeset
2019 sacramentum.</p>
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diff changeset
2020 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="50025"><span class=
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diff changeset
2021 "ref">[50025] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
2022 dicendum quod homo baptizans adhibet tantum exterius ministerium,
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diff changeset
2023 sed Christus est qui interius baptizat, qui potest uti omnibus
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diff changeset
2024 hominibus ad quodcumque voluerit. Et ideo nonbaptizati possunt
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diff changeset
2025 baptizare, quia, ut Nicolaus Papa dicit, Baptismus non est illorum,
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diff changeset
2026 scilicet baptizantium, sed eius, scilicet Christi.</p>
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diff changeset
2027 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="50026"><span class=
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diff changeset
2028 "ref">[50026] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
2029 dicendum quod ille qui non est baptizatus, quamvis non pertineat ad
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diff changeset
2030 Ecclesiam re vel sacramento, potest tamen ad eam pertinere
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diff changeset
2031 intentione et similitudine actus, inquantum scilicet intendit
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diff changeset
2032 facere quod facit Ecclesia, et formam Ecclesiae servat in
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diff changeset
2033 baptizando, et sic operatur ut minister Christi, qui virtutem suam
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diff changeset
2034 non alligavit baptizatis, sicut nec etiam sacramentis.</p>
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diff changeset
2035 <p title="III q. 67 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="50027"><span class=
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diff changeset
2036 "ref">[50027] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
2037 dicendum quod alia sacramenta non sunt tantae necessitatis sicut
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diff changeset
2038 Baptismus. Et ideo magis conceditur quod nonbaptizatus possit
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diff changeset
2039 baptizare, quam quod possit alia sacramenta suscipere.</p>
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diff changeset
2040 <br />
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diff changeset
2041 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
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diff changeset
2042 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="50028"><span class=
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diff changeset
2043 "ref">[50028] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
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diff changeset
2044 proceditur. Videtur quod plures possint simul baptizare. In
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diff changeset
2045 multitudine enim continetur unum, sed non convertitur. Unde videtur
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diff changeset
2046 quod quidquid potest facere unus, possint facere multi, et non e
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diff changeset
2047 converso, sicut multi trahunt navem quam unus trahere non posset.
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diff changeset
2048 Sed unus homo potest baptizare. Ergo et plures possunt simul unum
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diff changeset
2049 baptizare.</p>
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diff changeset
2050 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="50029"><span class=
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diff changeset
2051 "ref">[50029] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2052 difficilius est quod unum agens agat in plura quam quod plures
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diff changeset
2053 agentes agant simul in unum. Sed unus homo potest simul baptizare
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diff changeset
2054 plures. Ergo multo magis plures possunt simul unum baptizare.</p>
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diff changeset
2055 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="50030"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2056 "ref">[50030] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2057 Baptismus est sacramentum maximae necessitatis. Sed in aliquo casu
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diff changeset
2058 videtur esse necessarium quod plures simul unum baptizarent, puta
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diff changeset
2059 si aliquis parvulus esset in articulo mortis, et adessent duo
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diff changeset
2060 quorum alter esset mutus, et alter manibus et brachiis careret;
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diff changeset
2061 tunc enim oporteret quod mutilatus verba proferret, et mutus
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diff changeset
2062 Baptismum exerceret. Ergo videtur quod plures possint simul unum
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diff changeset
2063 baptizare.</p>
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diff changeset
2064 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 s. c."><a name="50031"><span class=
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diff changeset
2065 "ref">[50031] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
2066 quod unius agentis una est actio. Si ergo plures unum baptizarent,
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diff changeset
2067 videretur sequi quod essent plures Baptismi. Quod est contra id
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diff changeset
2068 quod dicitur Ephes. IV, <i>una fides, unum Baptisma</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
2069 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 co."><a name="50032"><span class=
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diff changeset
2070 "ref">[50032] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
2071 dicendum quod sacramentum Baptismi praecipue habet virtutem ex
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diff changeset
2072 forma, quam apostolus nominat verbum vitae, Ephes. V. Et ideo
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diff changeset
2073 considerare oportet, si plures unum simul baptizarent, qua forma
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diff changeset
2074 uterentur. Si enim dicerent, nos te baptizamus in nomine patris et
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diff changeset
2075 filii et spiritus sancti, dicunt quidam quod non conferretur
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diff changeset
2076 sacramentum Baptismi eo quod non servaretur forma Ecclesiae, quae
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diff changeset
2077 sic habet, <i>ego te baptizo in nomine patris et filii et spiritus
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diff changeset
2078 sancti</i>. Sed hoc excluditur per formam baptizandi qua utitur
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diff changeset
2079 Ecclesia Graecorum. Possent enim dicere, <i>baptizatur servus
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diff changeset
2080 Christi n. in nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti</i>, sub
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diff changeset
2081 qua forma Graeci Baptismum suscipiunt, quae tamen forma multo magis
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diff changeset
2082 dissimilis est formae qua nos utimur, quam si diceretur, nos te
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2083 baptizamus. Sed considerandum est quod ex tali forma, nos te
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diff changeset
2084 baptizamus, exprimitur talis intentio quod plures conveniunt ad
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diff changeset
2085 unum Baptismum conferendum. Quod quidem videtur esse contra
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diff changeset
2086 rationem ministerii, homo enim non baptizat nisi ut minister
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diff changeset
2087 Christi et vicem eius gerens; unde, sicut unus est Christus, ita
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diff changeset
2088 oportet esse unum ministrum qui Christum repraesentet. Propter quod
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diff changeset
2089 signanter apostolus dicit, Ephes. IV, <i>unus dominus, una fides,
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diff changeset
2090 unum Baptisma</i>. Et ideo contraria intentio videtur excludere
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diff changeset
2091 Baptismi sacramentum. Si vero uterque diceret, <i>ego te baptizo in
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diff changeset
2092 nomine patris et filii et spiritus sancti</i>, uterque exprimeret
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diff changeset
2093 suam intentionem quasi ipse singulariter Baptismum conferret. Quod
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diff changeset
2094 posset contingere in eo casu in quo contentiose uterque aliquem
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diff changeset
2095 baptizare conaretur. Et tunc manifestum est quod ille qui prius
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diff changeset
2096 verba proferret, daret Baptismi sacramentum. Alius vero,
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diff changeset
2097 quantumcumque ius baptizandi haberet, etsi verba pronuntiare
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diff changeset
2098 praesumeret, esset puniendus tanquam rebaptizator. Si autem omnino
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diff changeset
2099 simul verba proferrent et hominem immergerent aut aspergerent,
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diff changeset
2100 essent puniendi de inordinato modo baptizandi, et non de iteratione
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diff changeset
2101 Baptismi, quia uterque intenderet nonbaptizatum baptizare, et
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diff changeset
2102 uterque, quantum est in se, baptizaret. Nec traderent aliud et
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diff changeset
2103 aliud sacramentum, sed Christus, qui est unus interius baptizans,
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diff changeset
2104 unum sacramentum per utrumque conferret.</p>
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diff changeset
2105 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="50033"><span class=
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diff changeset
2106 "ref">[50033] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
2107 dicendum quod ratio illa locum habet in his quae agunt propria
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diff changeset
2108 virtute. Sed homines non baptizant propria virtute, sed virtute
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diff changeset
2109 Christi, qui, cum sit unus, per unum ministrum perficit suum
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diff changeset
2110 opus.</p>
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diff changeset
2111 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="50034"><span class=
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diff changeset
2112 "ref">[50034] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
2113 dicendum quod in casu necessitatis unus posset simul plures
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diff changeset
2114 baptizare sub hac forma, ego vos baptizo, puta si immineret ruina
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diff changeset
2115 aut gladius aut aliquid huiusmodi, quod moram omnino non pateretur,
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diff changeset
2116 si singillatim omnes baptizarentur. Nec per hoc diversificaretur
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diff changeset
2117 forma Ecclesiae, quia plurale non est nisi singulare geminatum,
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diff changeset
2118 praesertim cum pluraliter dicatur, Matth. ult., baptizantes eos, et
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diff changeset
2119 cetera. Nec est simile de baptizante et baptizato. Quia Christus,
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diff changeset
2120 qui principaliter baptizat, est unus, sed multi per Baptismum
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diff changeset
2121 efficiuntur unum in Christo.</p>
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diff changeset
2122 <p title="III q. 67 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="50035"><span class=
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diff changeset
2123 "ref">[50035] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
2124 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, integritas Baptismi
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diff changeset
2125 consistit in forma verborum et in usu materiae. Et ideo neque ille
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diff changeset
2126 qui tantum verba profert baptizat, neque ille qui immergit. Et
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diff changeset
2127 ideo, si unus verba proferat et alius immergit, nulla forma
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diff changeset
2128 verborum poterit esse conveniens. Neque enim poterit dici, ego te
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diff changeset
2129 baptizo, cum ipse non immergat, et per consequens non baptizet.
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diff changeset
2130 Neque etiam poterit dicere, nos te baptizamus, cum neuter baptizet.
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diff changeset
2131 Si enim duo sint quorum unus unam partem libri scribat et alius
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diff changeset
2132 aliam, non est propria locutio, nos scripsimus librum istum, sed
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diff changeset
2133 synecdochica, inquantum totum ponitur pro parte.</p>
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diff changeset
2134 <br />
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diff changeset
2135 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
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diff changeset
2136 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="50036"><span class=
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diff changeset
2137 "ref">[50036] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
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diff changeset
2138 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in Baptismo non requiratur aliquis qui
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diff changeset
2139 baptizatum de sacro fonte levet. Baptismus enim noster per
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diff changeset
2140 Baptismum Christi consecratur, et ei conformatur. Sed Christus
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diff changeset
2141 baptizatus non est ab aliquo de fonte susceptus, sed, sicut dicitur
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diff changeset
2142 Matth. III, <i>baptizatus Iesus confestim ascendit de aqua</i>.
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diff changeset
2143 Ergo videtur quod nec in aliorum Baptismo requiratur aliquis qui
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diff changeset
2144 baptizatum de sacro fonte suscipiat.</p>
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diff changeset
2145 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="50037"><span class=
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diff changeset
2146 "ref">[50037] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2147 Baptismus est spiritualis regeneratio, ut supra dictum est. Sed in
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diff changeset
2148 carnali generatione non requiritur nisi principium activum, quod
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diff changeset
2149 est pater, et principium passivum, quod est mater. Cum igitur in
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diff changeset
2150 Baptismo locum patris obtineat ille qui baptizat, locum autem
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diff changeset
2151 matris ipsa aqua Baptismi, ut Augustinus dicit, in quodam sermone
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diff changeset
2152 Epiphaniae; videtur quod non requiratur aliquis alius qui
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diff changeset
2153 baptizatum de sacro fonte levet.</p>
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diff changeset
2154 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="50038"><span class=
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diff changeset
2155 "ref">[50038] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
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diff changeset
2156 sacramentis Ecclesiae nihil derisorium fieri debet. Sed hoc
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diff changeset
2157 derisorium videtur, quod adulti baptizati, qui seipsos sustentare
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diff changeset
2158 possunt et de sacro fonte exire, ab alio suscipiantur. Ergo videtur
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diff changeset
2159 quod non requiratur aliquis, praecipue in Baptismo adultorum, qui
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diff changeset
2160 baptizatum de sacro fonte levet.</p>
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diff changeset
2161 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 s. c."><a name="50039"><span class=
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diff changeset
2162 "ref">[50039] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
2163 quod Dionysius dicit, II cap. Eccl. Hier., quod <i>sacerdotes,
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diff changeset
2164 assumentes baptizatum, tradunt adductionis susceptori et
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diff changeset
2165 duci</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
2166 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 co."><a name="50040"><span class=
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diff changeset
2167 "ref">[50040] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
2168 dicendum quod spiritualis regeneratio, quae fit per Baptismum,
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diff changeset
2169 assimilatur quodammodo generationi carnali, unde dicitur I Pet. II,
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diff changeset
2170 <i>sicut modo geniti infantes rationabiles sine dolo lac
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2171 concupiscite</i>. In generatione autem carnali parvulus nuper natus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2172 indiget nutrice et paedagogo. Unde et in spirituali generatione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2173 Baptismi requiritur aliquis qui fungatur vice nutricis et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2174 paedagogi, informando et instruendo eum qui est novitius in fide,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2175 de his quae pertinent ad fidem et ad vitam Christianam, ad quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2176 praelati Ecclesiae vacare non possunt, circa communem curam populi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2177 occupati, parvuli enim et novitii indigent speciali cura praeter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2178 communem. Et ideo requiritur quod aliquis suscipiat baptizatum de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2179 sacro fonte quasi in suam instructionem et tutelam. Et hoc est quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2180 Dionysius dicit, ult. cap. Eccl. Hier., <i>divinis nostris ducibus,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2181 idest apostolis, ad mentem venit et visum est suscipere infantes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2182 secundum istum modum quod parentes pueri traderent puerum cuidam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2183 docto in divinis paedagogo, et reliquum sub ipso puer ageret, sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2184 sub divino patre et salvationis sanctae susceptore</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2185 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="50041"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2186 "ref">[50041] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2187 dicendum quod Christus non est baptizatus ut ipse regeneraretur,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2188 sed ut alios regeneraret. Et ideo ipse post Baptismum non indiguit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2189 paedagogo tanquam parvulus.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2190 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="50042"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2191 "ref">[50042] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2192 dicendum quod in generatione carnali non requiritur ex necessitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2193 nisi pater et mater, sed ad facilem partum, et educationem pueri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2194 convenientem, requiritur obstetrix et nutrix et paedagogus. Quorum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2195 vicem implet in Baptismo ille qui puerum de sacro fonte levat. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2196 non est de necessitate sacramenti, sed unus solus potest in aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2197 baptizare, necessitate imminente.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2198 <p title="III q. 67 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="50043"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2199 "ref">[50043] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2200 dicendum quod baptizatus non suscipitur a patrino de sacro fonte
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2201 propter imbecillitatem corporalem, sed propter imbecillitatem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2202 spiritualem, ut dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2203 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2204 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2205 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="50044"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2206 "ref">[50044] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2207 proceditur. Videtur quod ille qui suscipit aliquem de sacro fonte,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2208 non obligetur ad eius instructionem. Quia nullus potest instruere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2209 nisi instructus. Sed etiam quidam non instructi sed simplices
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2210 admittuntur ad aliquem de sacro fonte suscipiendum. Ergo ille qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2211 suscipit baptizatum, non obligatur ad eius instructionem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2212 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="50045"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2213 "ref">[50045] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2214 filius magis a patre instruitur quam ab alio extraneo, nam filius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2215 habet a patre, esse et nutrimentum et disciplinam, ut philosophus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2216 dicit, VIII Ethic. Si ergo ille qui suscipit baptizatum, tenetur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2217 eum instruere, magis esset conveniens quod pater carnalis filium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2218 suum de Baptismo suscipiat quam alius. Quod tamen videtur esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2219 prohibitum, ut habetur in decretis, XXX, qu. I, cap. pervenit et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2220 dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2221 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="50046"><span class=
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diff changeset
2222 "ref">[50046] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2223 plures magis possunt instruere quam unus solus. Si ergo ille qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2224 suscipit aliquem baptizatum, teneretur eum instruere, magis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2225 deberent plures suscipere quam unus solus. Cuius contrarium habetur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2226 in decreto Leonis Papae, <i>non plures, inquit, ad suscipiendum de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2227 Baptismo infantem quam unus accedant, sive vir sive mulier</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2228 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 s. c."><a name="50047"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2229 "ref">[50047] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2230 quod Augustinus dicit, in quodam sermone paschali, <i>vos ante
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2231 omnia, tam viros quam mulieres, qui filios in Baptismate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2232 suscepistis, moneo ut vos cognoscatis fideiussores apud Deum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2233 exstitisse pro illis quos visi estis de sacro fonte
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diff changeset
2234 suscipere</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
2235 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 co."><a name="50048"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2236 "ref">[50048] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2237 dicendum quod unusquisque obligatur ad exequendum officium quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2238 accipit. Dictum est autem quod ille qui suscipit aliquem de sacro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2239 fonte, assumit sibi officium paedagogi. Et ideo obligatur ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2240 habendam curam de ipso, si necessitas immineret, sicut eo tempore
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2241 et loco in quo baptizati inter infideles nutriuntur. Sed ubi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2242 nutriuntur inter Catholicos Christianos, satis possunt ab hac cura
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2243 excusari, praesumendo quod a suis parentibus diligenter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2244 instruantur. Si tamen quocumque modo sentirent contrarium,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2245 tenerentur secundum suum modum saluti spiritualium filiorum curam
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diff changeset
2246 impendere.</p>
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diff changeset
2247 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="50049"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2248 "ref">[50049] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
2249 dicendum quod, ubi immineret periculum, oporteret esse aliquem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2250 doctum in divinis, sicut Dionysius dicit, qui baptizandum de sacro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2251 fonte susciperet. Sed ubi hoc periculum non imminet, propter hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2252 quod pueri nutriuntur inter Catholicos, admittuntur quicumque ad
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diff changeset
2253 hoc officium, quia ea quae pertinent ad Christianam vitam et fidem,
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diff changeset
2254 publice omnibus nota sunt. Et tamen ille qui non est baptizatus non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2255 potest suscipere baptizatum, ut est declaratum in Concilio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2256 Maguntino, licet nonbaptizatus possit baptizare, quia persona
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diff changeset
2257 baptizantis est de necessitate sacramenti, non autem persona
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2258 suscipientis, sicut dictum est.</p>
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diff changeset
2259 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="50050"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2260 "ref">[50050] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2261 dicendum quod, sicut est alia generatio spiritualis a carnali, ita
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diff changeset
2262 etiam debet esse alia disciplina, secundum illud Heb. XII,
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diff changeset
2263 <i>patres quidem carnis nostrae habuimus eruditores, et reverebamur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2264 eos. Non multo magis obtemperabimus patri spirituum, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2265 vivemus?</i> Et ideo alius debet esse pater spiritualis a patre
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diff changeset
2266 carnali, nisi necessitas contrarium exigat.</p>
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diff changeset
2267 <p title="III q. 67 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="50051"><span class=
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diff changeset
2268 "ref">[50051] III&ordf; q. 67 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
2269 dicendum quod confusio disciplinae esset nisi esset unus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2270 principalis instructor. Et ideo in Baptismo unus debet esse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2271 principalis susceptor. Alii tamen possunt admitti quasi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2272 coadiutores.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2273 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2274 <div class="D">Quaestio 68</div>
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diff changeset
2275 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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diff changeset
2276 <p title="III q. 68 pr."><a name="50052"><span class="ref">[50052]
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2277 III&ordf; q. 68 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
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diff changeset
2278 suscipientibus Baptismum. Et circa hoc quaeruntur duodecim. Primo,
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diff changeset
2279 utrum omnes teneantur ad suscipiendum Baptismum. Secundo, utrum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2280 aliquis possit salvari sine Baptismo. Tertio, utrum Baptismus sit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2281 differendus. Quarto, utrum peccatores sint baptizandi. Quinto,
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diff changeset
2282 utrum peccatoribus baptizatis sint imponenda opera satisfactoria.
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diff changeset
2283 Sexto, utrum requiratur confessio peccatorum. Septimo, utrum
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diff changeset
2284 requiratur intentio ex parte baptizati. Octavo, utrum requiratur
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diff changeset
2285 fides. Nono, utrum pueri sint baptizandi. Decimo, utrum pueri
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2286 Iudaeorum sint baptizandi invitis parentibus. Undecimo, utrum
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diff changeset
2287 aliqui sint baptizandi in maternis uteris existentes. Duodecimo,
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diff changeset
2288 utrum furiosi et amentes sint baptizandi.</p>
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diff changeset
2289 <br />
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diff changeset
2290 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2291 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="50053"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2292 "ref">[50053] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
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diff changeset
2293 proceditur. Videtur quod non teneantur omnes ad susceptionem
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diff changeset
2294 Baptismi. Per Christum enim non est hominibus arctata via salutis.
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diff changeset
2295 Sed ante Christi adventum poterant homines salvari sine Baptismo.
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diff changeset
2296 Ergo etiam post Christi adventum.</p>
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diff changeset
2297 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="50054"><span class=
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diff changeset
2298 "ref">[50054] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2299 Baptismus maxime videtur esse institutus in remedium peccati
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diff changeset
2300 originalis. Sed ille qui est baptizatus, cum non habeat originale
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diff changeset
2301 peccatum, non videtur quod possit transfundere in prolem. Ergo
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diff changeset
2302 filii baptizatorum non videntur esse baptizandi.</p>
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diff changeset
2303 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="50055"><span class=
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diff changeset
2304 "ref">[50055] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
2305 Baptismus datur ad hoc quod aliquis per gratiam a peccato mundetur.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2306 Sed hoc consequuntur illi qui sunt sanctificati in utero, sine
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diff changeset
2307 Baptismo. Ergo non tenentur ad suscipiendum Baptismum.</p>
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diff changeset
2308 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 s. c."><a name="50056"><span class=
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diff changeset
2309 "ref">[50056] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
2310 quod dicitur Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex aqua et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2311 spiritu sancto, non potest introire in regnum Dei</i>. Et in libro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2312 de ecclesiasticis dogmatibus dicitur, <i>baptizatis tantum iter
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diff changeset
2313 salutis esse credimus</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
2314 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 co."><a name="50057"><span class=
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diff changeset
2315 "ref">[50057] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
2316 dicendum quod ad illud homines tenentur sine quo salutem consequi
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diff changeset
2317 non possunt. Manifestum est autem quod nullus salutem potest
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diff changeset
2318 consequi nisi per Christum, unde et apostolus dicit, Rom. V,
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diff changeset
2319 <i>sicut per unius delictum in omnes homines in condemnationem, sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2320 et per unius iustitiam in omnes homines in iustificationem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2321 vitae</i>. Ad hoc autem datur Baptismus ut aliquis, per ipsum
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diff changeset
2322 regeneratus, incorporetur Christo, factus membrum ipsius, unde
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diff changeset
2323 dicitur Gal. III, <i>quicumque in Christo baptizati estis, Christum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2324 induistis</i>. Unde manifestum est quod omnes ad Baptismum
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diff changeset
2325 tenentur; et sine eo non potest esse salus hominibus.</p>
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diff changeset
2326 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="50058"><span class=
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diff changeset
2327 "ref">[50058] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
2328 dicendum quod nunquam homines potuerunt salvari, etiam ante Christi
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diff changeset
2329 adventum, nisi fierent membra Christi, quia, ut dicitur Act. IV,
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diff changeset
2330 <i>non est aliud nomen datum hominibus in quo oporteat nos salvos
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diff changeset
2331 fieri</i>. Sed ante adventum Christi, homines Christo
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diff changeset
2332 incorporabantur per fidem futuri adventus, cuius fidei signaculum
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diff changeset
2333 erat circumcisio, ut apostolus dicit, Rom. IV. Ante vero quam
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diff changeset
2334 circumcisio institueretur, sola fide, ut Gregorius dicit, cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2335 sacrificiorum oblatione, quibus suam fidem antiqui patres
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diff changeset
2336 profitebantur, homines Christo incorporabantur. Post adventum etiam
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diff changeset
2337 Christi, homines per fidem Christo incorporantur, secundum illud
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diff changeset
2338 Ephes. III <i>habitare Christum per fidem in cordibus vestris</i>.
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diff changeset
2339 Sed alio signo manifestatur fides rei iam praesentis quam
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diff changeset
2340 demonstrabatur quando erat futura, sicut aliis verbis significatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2341 praesens, praeteritum et futurum. Et ideo, licet ipsum sacramentum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2342 Baptismi non semper fuerit necessarium ad salutem, fides tamen,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2343 cuius Baptismus sacramentum est, semper necessaria fuit.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2344 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="50059"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2345 "ref">[50059] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2346 dicendum quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, illi qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2347 baptizantur, renovantur per Baptismum secundum spiritum, corpus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2348 tamen remanet subiectum vetustati peccati, secundum illud Rom.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2349 VIII, <i>corpus quidem mortuum est propter peccatum, spiritus vero
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2350 vivit propter iustificationem</i>. Unde Augustinus probat, in libro
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2351 contra Iulianum, quod <i>non baptizatur in homine quidquid in eo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2352 est</i>. Manifestum est autem quod homo non generat generatione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2353 carnali secundum spiritum, sed secundum carnem. Et ideo filii
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2354 baptizatorum cum peccato originali nascuntur. Unde indigent
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2355 baptizari.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2356 <p title="III q. 68 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="50060"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2357 "ref">[50060] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2358 dicendum quod illi qui sunt sanctificati in utero, consequuntur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2359 quidem gratiam emundantem a peccato originali, non tamen ex hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2360 ipso consequuntur characterem, quo Christo configurentur. Et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2361 propter hoc, si aliqui nunc sanctificarentur in utero, necesse
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2362 esset eos baptizari, ut per susceptionem characteris aliis membris
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2363 Christi conformarentur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2364 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2365 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2366 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="50061"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2367 "ref">[50061] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2368 sic proceditur. Videtur quod sine Baptismo nullus possit salvari.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2369 Dicit enim dominus, Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex aqua
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2370 et spiritu sancto, non potest introire in regnum Dei</i>. Sed illi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2371 soli salvantur qui regnum Dei intrant. Ergo nullus potest salvari
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2372 sine Baptismo, quo aliquis regeneratur ex aqua et spiritu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2373 sancto.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2374 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="50062"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2375 "ref">[50062] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2376 libro de ecclesiasticis dogmatibus dicitur, <i>nullum catechumenum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2377 quamvis in bonis operibus defunctum, aeternam vitam habere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2378 credimus, excepto martyrio, ubi tota sacramenta Baptismi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2379 complentur</i>. Sed si aliquis sine Baptismo possit salvari, maxime
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2380 hoc haberet locum in catechumenis bona opera habentibus, qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2381 videntur habere fidem per dilectionem operantem. Videtur ergo quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2382 sine Baptismo nullus possit salvari.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2383 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="50063"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2384 "ref">[50063] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2385 sicut supra dictum est, Baptismi sacramentum est de necessitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2386 salutis. Necessarium autem est sine quo non potest aliquid esse, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2387 dicitur in V Metaphys. Ergo videtur quod sine Baptismo nullus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2388 possit consequi salutem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2389 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 s. c."><a name="50064"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2390 "ref">[50064] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2391 quod Augustinus dicit, super Levit., <i>invisibilem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2392 sanctificationem quibusdam affuisse et profuisse sine visibilibus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2393 sacramentis, visibilem vero sanctificationem, quae fit sacramento
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2394 visibili, sine invisibili posse adesse, sed non prodesse</i>. Cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2395 ergo sacramentum Baptismi ad visibilem sanctificationem pertineat,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2396 videtur quod sine sacramento Baptismi aliquis possit salutem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2397 consequi per invisibilem sanctificationem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2398 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 co."><a name="50065"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2399 "ref">[50065] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2400 dicendum quod sacramentum Baptismi dupliciter potest alicui deesse.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2401 Uno modo, et re et voto, quod contingit in illis qui nec
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2402 baptizantur nec baptizari volunt. Quod manifeste ad contemptum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2403 sacramenti pertinet, quantum ad illos qui habent usum liberi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2404 arbitrii. Et ideo hi quibus hoc modo deest Baptismus, salutem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2405 consequi non possunt, quia nec sacramentaliter nec mentaliter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2406 Christo incorporantur, per quem solum est salus. Alio modo potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2407 sacramentum Baptismi alicui deesse re, sed non voto, sicut cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2408 aliquis baptizari desiderat, sed aliquo casu praevenitur morte
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2409 antequam Baptismum suscipiat. Talis autem sine Baptismo actuali
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2410 salutem consequi potest, propter desiderium Baptismi, quod procedit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2411 ex fide per dilectionem operante, per quam Deus interius hominem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2412 sanctificat, cuius potentia sacramentis visibilibus non alligatur.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2413 Unde Ambrosius dicit de Valentiniano, qui catechumenus mortuus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2414 fuit, <i>quem regeneraturus eram, amisi, veruntamen ille gratiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2415 quam poposcit, non amisit</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2416 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="50066"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2417 "ref">[50066] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2418 dicendum quod, sicut dicitur I Reg. XVI, <i>homines vident ea quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2419 parent, dominus autem intuetur cor</i>. Ille autem qui desiderat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2420 per Baptismum regenerari ex aqua et spiritu sancto, corde quidem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2421 regeneratus est, licet non corpore, sicut et apostolus dicit, Rom.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2422 II, quod <i>circumcisio cordis est in spiritu, non in littera;
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diff changeset
2423 cuius laus non ex hominibus, sed ex Deo est</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2424 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="50067"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2425 "ref">[50067] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2426 dicendum quod nullus pervenit ad vitam aeternam nisi absolutus ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2427 omni culpa et reatu poenae. Quae quidem universalis absolutio fit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2428 in perceptione Baptismi, et in martyrio, propter quod dicitur quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2429 in martyrio omnia sacramenta Baptismi complentur, scilicet quantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2430 ad plenam liberationem a culpa et poena. Si quis ergo catechumenus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2431 sit habens desiderium Baptismi (quia aliter in bonis operibus non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2432 moreretur, quae non possunt esse sine fide per dilectionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2433 operante), talis decedens non statim pervenit ad vitam aeternam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2434 sed patietur poenam pro peccatis praeteritis, <i>ipse tamen salvus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2435 erit sic quasi per ignem</i>, ut dicitur I Cor. III.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2436 <p title="III q. 68 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="50068"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2437 "ref">[50068] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2438 dicendum quod pro tanto dicitur sacramentum Baptismi esse de
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2439 necessitate salutis, quia non potest esse hominis salus nisi saltem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2440 in voluntate habeatur, quae apud Deum reputatur pro facto.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2441 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2442 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2443 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="50069"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2444 "ref">[50069] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2445 proceditur. Videtur quod Baptismus sit differendus. Dicit enim Leo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2446 Papa, <i>duo tempora, idest Pascha et Pentecoste, ad baptizandum a
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diff changeset
2447 Romano pontifice legitima praefixa sunt. Unde dilectionem vestram
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2448 monemus ut nullos alios dies huic observationi misceatis</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2449 Videtur ergo quod oporteat non statim aliquos baptizari, sed usque
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2450 ad praedicta tempora Baptismum differri.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2451 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="50070"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2452 "ref">[50070] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2453 Concilio Agathensi legitur, <i>Iudaei, quorum perfidia frequenter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2454 ad vomitum redit, si ad leges Catholicas venire voluerint, octo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2455 menses inter catechumenos Ecclesiae limen introeant, et, si pura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2456 fide venire noscantur, tunc demum Baptismi gratiam mereantur</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2457 Non ergo statim sunt homines baptizandi, sed usque ad certum tempus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2458 est differendum Baptisma.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2459 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="50071"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2460 "ref">[50071] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2461 sicut dicitur Isaiae XXVII, <i>iste est omnis fructus, ut auferatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2462 peccatum</i>. Sed magis videtur auferri peccatum, vel etiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2463 diminui, si Baptismus differatur. Primo quidem, quia peccantes post
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2464 Baptismum gravius peccant, secundum illud Heb. X, <i>quanto magis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2465 putatis deteriora mereri supplicia qui sanguinem testamenti
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2466 pollutum duxerit, in quo sanctificatus est</i>, scilicet per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2467 Baptismum? Secundo, quia Baptismus tollit peccata praeterita, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2468 autem futura, unde, quanto Baptismus magis differtur, tanto plura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2469 peccata tollet. Videtur ergo quod Baptismus debeat diu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2470 differri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2471 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 s. c."><a name="50072"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2472 "ref">[50072] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2473 quod dicitur Eccli. V, <i>ne tardes converti ad dominum, et ne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2474 differas de die in diem</i>. Sed perfecta conversio ad Deum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2475 eorum qui regenerantur in Christo per Baptismum. Non ergo Baptismus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2476 debet differri de die in diem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2477 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 co."><a name="50073"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2478 "ref">[50073] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2479 dicendum quod circa hoc distinguendum est utrum sint baptizandi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2480 pueri vel adulti. Si enim pueri sint baptizandi, non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2481 differendum Baptisma. Primo quidem, quia non expectatur in eis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2482 maior instructio, aut etiam plenior conversio. Secundo, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2483 periculum mortis, quia non potest alio remedio subveniri nisi per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2484 sacramentum Baptismi. Adultis vero subveniri potest per solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2485 Baptismi desiderium, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo adultis non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2486 statim cum convertuntur, est sacramentum Baptismi conferendum, sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2487 oportet differre usque ad aliquod certum tempus. Primo quidem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2488 propter cautelam Ecclesiae, ne decipiatur, ficte accedentibus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2489 conferens, secundum illud I Ioan. IV, <i>nolite omni spiritui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2490 credere, sed probate spiritus si ex Deo sunt</i>. Quae quidem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2491 probatio sumitur de accedentibus ad Baptismum, quando per aliquod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2492 spatium eorum fides et mores examinantur. Secundo, hoc est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2493 necessarium ad utilitatem eorum qui baptizantur, quia aliquo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2494 temporis spatio indigent ad hoc quod plene instruantur de fide, et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2495 exercitentur in his quae pertinent ad vitam Christianam. Tertio,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2496 hoc est necessarium ad quandam reverentiam sacramenti, dum in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2497 solemnitatibus praecipuis, scilicet Paschae et Pentecostes, homines
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2498 ad Baptismum admittuntur, et ita devotius sacramentum suscipiunt.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2499 Haec tamen dilatio est praetermittenda duplici ratione. Primo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2500 quidem, quando illi qui sunt baptizandi, apparent perfecte
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2501 instructi in fide et ad Baptismum idonei, sicut Philippus statim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2502 baptizavit eunuchum, ut habetur Act. VIII; et Petrus Cornelium et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2503 eos qui cum ipso erant, ut habetur Act. X. Secundo, propter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2504 infirmitatem, aut aliquod periculum mortis. Unde Leo Papa dicit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2505 <i>hi qui necessitate mortis, aegritudinis, obsidionis et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2506 persecutionis et naufragii, urgentur, omni tempore debent
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2507 baptizari</i>. Si tamen aliquis praeveniatur morte, articulo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2508 necessitatis sacramentum excludente, dum expectat tempus ab
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2509 Ecclesia institutum, salvatur, licet per ignem, ut supra dictum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2510 est. Peccat autem si ultra tempus ab Ecclesia statutum differret
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2511 accipere Baptismum, nisi ex causa necessaria et licentia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2512 praelatorum Ecclesiae. Sed tamen et hoc peccatum cum aliis deleri
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2513 potest per succedentem contritionem, quae supplet vicem Baptismi,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2514 ut supra dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2515 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="50074"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2516 "ref">[50074] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2517 dicendum quod illud mandatum Leonis Papae de observandis duobus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2518 temporibus in Baptismo, intelligendum est, excepto tamen periculo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2519 mortis (quod semper in pueris est timendum), ut dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2520 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="50075"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2521 "ref">[50075] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2522 dicendum quod illud de Iudaeis est statutum ad Ecclesiae cautelam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2523 ne simplicium fidem corrumpant, si non fuerint plene conversi. Et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2524 tamen, ut ibidem subditur, <i>si infra tempus praescriptum aliquod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2525 periculum infirmitatis incurrerint, debent baptizari</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2526 <p title="III q. 68 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="50076"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2527 "ref">[50076] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2528 dicendum quod Baptismus per gratiam quam confert non solum removet
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2529 peccata praeterita, sed etiam impedit peccata futura ne fiant. Hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2530 autem considerandum est, ut homines non peccent, secundarium est ut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2531 levius peccent, vel etiam ut eorum peccata mundentur; secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2532 illud I Ioan. II, <i>filioli mei, haec scribo vobis ut non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2533 peccetis. Sed et si quis peccaverit, advocatum habemus apud patrem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2534 Iesum Christum iustum, et ipse est propitiatio pro peccatis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2535 nostris</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2536 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2537 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2538 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="50077"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2539 "ref">[50077] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2540 proceditur. Videtur quod peccatores sint baptizandi. Dicitur enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2541 Zach. XIII, <i>in die illa erit fons patens domui David et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2542 habitantibus Ierusalem in ablutionem peccatoris et menstruatae</i>,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2543 quod quidem intelligitur de fonte baptismali. Ergo videtur quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2544 sacramentum Baptismi sit etiam peccatoribus exhibendum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2545 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="50078"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2546 "ref">[50078] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2547 dominus dicit, Matth. IX, <i>non est opus valentibus medicus, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2548 male habentibus</i>. Male autem habentes sunt peccatores. Cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2549 igitur spiritualis medici, scilicet Christi, medicina sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2550 Baptismus, videtur quod peccatoribus sacramentum Baptismi sit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2551 exhibendum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2552 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="50079"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2553 "ref">[50079] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2554 nullum subsidium peccatoribus debet subtrahi. Sed peccatores
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2555 baptizati ex ipso charactere baptismali spiritualiter adiuvantur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2556 cum sit quaedam dispositio ad gratiam. Ergo videtur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2557 sacramentum Baptismi sit peccatoribus exhibendum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2558 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 s. c."><a name="50080"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2559 "ref">[50080] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2560 quod Augustinus dicit, <i>qui creavit te sine te, non iustificabit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2561 te sine te</i>. Sed peccator, cum habeat voluntatem non dispositam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2562 non cooperatur Deo. Ergo frustra adhibetur sibi Baptismus ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2563 iustificationem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2564 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 co."><a name="50081"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2565 "ref">[50081] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2566 dicendum quod aliquis potest dici peccator dupliciter. Uno modo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2567 propter maculam et reatum praeteritum. Et sic peccatoribus est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2568 sacramentum Baptismi conferendum, quia est ad hoc specialiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2569 institutum ut per ipsum peccatorum sordes mundentur, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2570 Ephes. V, <i>mundans eam, scilicet Ecclesiam, lavacro aquae in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2571 verbo vitae</i>. Alio modo potest dici aliquis peccator ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2572 voluntate peccandi et proposito persistendi in peccato. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2573 peccatoribus non est sacramentum Baptismi conferendum. Primo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2574 quidem, quia per Baptismum homines Christo incorporantur, secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2575 illud Galat. III, <i>quicumque in Christo baptizati estis, Christum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2576 induistis</i>. Quandiu autem aliquis habet voluntatem peccandi, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2577 potest esse Christo coniunctus, secundum illud II Cor. VI, <i>quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2578 participatio iustitiae cum iniquitate?</i> Unde et Augustinus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2579 dicit, in libro de poenitentia, quod <i>nullus suae voluntatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2580 arbiter constitutus potest novam vitam inchoare, nisi eum veteris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2581 vitae poeniteat</i>. Secundo, quia in operibus Christi et Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2582 nihil debet fieri frustra. Frustra autem est quod non pertingit ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2583 finem ad quem est ordinatum. Nullus autem habens voluntatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2584 peccandi simul potest a peccato mundari, ad quod ordinatur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2585 Baptismus, quia hoc esset ponere contradictoria esse simul. Tertio,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2586 quia in sacramentalibus signis non debet esse aliqua falsitas. Est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2587 autem signum falsum cui res significata non respondet. Ex hoc autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2588 quod aliquis lavandum se praebet per Baptismum, significatur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2589 se disponat ad interiorem ablutionem. Quod non contingit de eo qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2590 habet propositum persistendi in peccato. Unde manifestum est quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2591 talibus sacramentum Baptismi non est conferendum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2592 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="50082"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2593 "ref">[50082] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2594 dicendum quod illud verbum est intelligendum de peccatoribus qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2595 habent voluntatem recedendi a peccato.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2596 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="50083"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2597 "ref">[50083] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2598 dicendum quod spiritualis medicus, scilicet Christus, dupliciter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2599 operatur. Uno modo, interius per seipsum, et sic praeparat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2600 voluntatem hominis ut bonum velit et malum odiat. Alio modo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2601 operatur per ministros, exterius adhibendo sacramenta, et sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2602 operatur perficiendo id quod est exterius inchoatum. Et ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2603 sacramentum Baptismi non est exhibendum nisi ei in quo interioris
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2604 conversionis aliquod signum apparet, sicut nec medicina corporalis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2605 adhibetur infirmo nisi in eo aliquis motus vitalis appareat.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2606 <p title="III q. 68 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="50084"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2607 "ref">[50084] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2608 dicendum quod Baptismus est fidei sacramentum. Fides autem informis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2609 non sufficit ad salutem, nec ipsa est fundamentum, sed sola fides
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2610 formata, quae per dilectionem operatur, ut Augustinus dicit, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2611 libro de fide et operibus. Unde nec sacramentum Baptismi salutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2612 conferre potest cum voluntate peccandi, quae fidei formam excludit.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2613 Non autem est per impressionem characteris baptismalis aliquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2614 disponendus ad gratiam, quandiu apparet in eo voluntas peccandi,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2615 quia, Deus neminem ad virtutem compellit, sicut Damascenus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2616 dicit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2617 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2618 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2619 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="50085"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2620 "ref">[50085] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2621 proceditur. Videtur quod peccatoribus baptizatis sint opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2622 satisfactoria imponenda. Hoc enim ad iustitiam Dei pertinere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2623 videtur, ut pro quolibet peccato aliquis puniatur, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2624 Eccle. ult., <i>cuncta quae fiunt adducet Deus in iudicium</i>. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2625 opera satisfactoria imponuntur peccatoribus in poenam praeteritorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2626 peccatorum. Ergo videtur quod peccatoribus baptizatis sint opera
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2627 satisfactoria imponenda.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2628 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="50086"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2629 "ref">[50086] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2630 opera satisfactoria exercitantur peccatores de novo conversi ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2631 iustitiam, et subtrahuntur occasiones peccandi, nam <i>satisfacere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2632 est peccatorum causas excidere et peccatis aditum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2633 indulgere</i>. Sed hoc maxime necessarium est nuper baptizatis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2634 Ergo videtur quod opera satisfactoria sint baptizatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2635 iniungenda.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2636 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="50087"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2637 "ref">[50087] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2638 minus debitum est ut homo Deo satisfaciat quam proximo. Sed nuper
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2639 baptizatis iniungendum est quod satisfaciant proximis, si eos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2640 laeserunt. Ergo etiam est eis iniungendum ut Deo satisfaciant per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2641 opera poenitentiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2642 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 s. c."><a name="50088"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2643 "ref">[50088] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2644 quod Ambrosius, super Rom. XI, <i>sine poenitentia sunt dona Dei et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2645 vocatio</i>, dicit, <i>gratia Dei in Baptismo non requirit gemitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2646 neque planctum, vel etiam opus aliquod, sed solam fidem, et omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2647 gratis condonat</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2648 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 co."><a name="50089"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2649 "ref">[50089] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2650 dicendum quod, sicut apostolus dicit, Rom. VI, <i>quicumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2651 baptizati sumus in Christo Iesu, in morte ipsius baptizati sumus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2652 consepulti enim sumus ei per Baptismum in mortem</i>, ita scilicet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2653 quod homo per Baptismum incorporatur ipsi morti Christi. Manifestum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2654 est autem ex supra dictis quod mors Christi satisfactoria fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2655 sufficienter pro peccatis, <i>non solum nostris, sed etiam totius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2656 mundi</i>, ut dicitur I Ioan. II. Et ideo ei qui baptizatur pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2657 quibuscumque peccatis non est aliqua satisfactio iniungenda, hoc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2658 autem esset iniuriam facere passioni et morti Christi, quasi ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2659 non esset sufficiens ad plenariam satisfactionem pro peccatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2660 baptizandorum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2661 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="50090"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2662 "ref">[50090] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2663 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Baptismo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2664 parvulorum, <i>ad hoc Baptismus valet ut baptizati Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2665 incorporentur ut membra eius</i>. Unde ipsa poena Christi fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2666 satisfactoria pro peccatis baptizandorum, sicut et poena unius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2667 membri potest esse satisfactoria pro peccato alterius membri. Unde
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2668 Isaiae LIII dicitur, <i>vere languores nostros ipse tulit, et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2669 dolores nostros ipse portavit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2670 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="50091"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2671 "ref">[50091] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2672 dicendum quod nuper baptizati exercitandi sunt ad iustitiam, non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2673 per opera poenalia, sed per opera facilia, <i>ut quasi quodam lacte
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2674 facilis exercitii promoveantur ad perfectiora</i>, ut Glossa dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2675 super illud Psalmi, <i>sicut ablactatus super matre sua</i>. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2676 et dominus discipulos suos de novo conversos a ieiunio excusavit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2677 ut patet Matth. IX. Et hoc est quod dicitur I Pet. II, <i>sicut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2678 modo geniti infantes lac concupiscite, ut in eo crescatis in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2679 salutem</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2680 <p title="III q. 68 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="50092"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2681 "ref">[50092] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2682 dicendum quod restituere male ablata proximis, et satisfacere de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2683 iniuriis illatis, est cessare a peccando, quia hoc ipsum quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2684 detinere aliena et proximum non placare, est peccatum. Et ideo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2685 peccatoribus baptizatis iniungendum est quod satisfaciant proximis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2686 sicut et quod desistant a peccato. Non est autem eis iniungendum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2687 quod pro peccatis praeteritis aliquam poenam patiantur.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2688 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2689 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2690 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="50093"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2691 "ref">[50093] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2692 proceditur. Videtur quod peccatores ad Baptismum accedentes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2693 teneantur sua peccata confiteri. Dicitur enim Matth. III quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2694 <i>baptizabantur multi a Ioanne in Iordane, confitentes peccata
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2695 sua</i>. Sed Baptismus Christi est perfectior quam Baptismus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2696 Ioannis. Ergo videtur quod multo magis illi qui sunt baptizandi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2697 Baptismo Christo, debeant sua peccata confiteri.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2698 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="50094"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2699 "ref">[50094] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2700 Prov. XXVIII dicitur, <i>qui abscondit scelera sua, non dirigetur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2701 qui autem confessus fuerit et reliquerit ea, misericordiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2702 consequetur</i>. Sed ad hoc aliqui baptizantur ut de peccatis suis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2703 misericordiam consequantur. Ergo baptizandi debent sua peccata
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2704 confiteri.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2705 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="50095"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2706 "ref">[50095] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2707 poenitentia requiritur ante Baptismum, secundum illud Act. II,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2708 <i>agite poenitentiam, et baptizetur unusquisque vestrum</i>. Sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2709 confessio est pars poenitentiae. Ergo videtur quod confessio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2710 peccatorum requiratur ante Baptismum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2711 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 s. c."><a name="50096"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2712 "ref">[50096] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2713 quod confessio peccatorum debet esse cum fletu, ut dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2714 Augustinus, in libro de poenitentia, <i>omnis ista varietas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2715 consideranda est et deflenda</i>. Sed, sicut Ambrosius dicit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2716 <i>gratia Dei in Baptismo non requirit gemitum neque planctum</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2717 Ergo a baptizandis non est requirenda confessio peccatorum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2718 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 co."><a name="50097"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2719 "ref">[50097] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2720 dicendum quod duplex est peccatorum confessio. Una quidem interior,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2721 quae fit Deo. Et talis confessio peccatorum requiritur ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2722 Baptismum, ut scilicet homo, peccata sua recogitans, de eis doleat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2723 <i>non enim potest inchoare novam vitam, nisi poeniteat eum veteris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2724 vitae</i>, ut Augustinus dicit, in libro de poenitentia. Alia vero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2725 est confessio peccatorum exterior, quae fit sacerdoti. Et talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2726 confessio non requiritur ante Baptismum. Primo quidem, quia talis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2727 confessio, cum respiciat personam ministri, pertinet ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2728 poenitentiae sacramentum, quod non requiritur ante Baptismum, qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2729 est ianua omnium sacramentorum. Secundo, quia confessio exterior,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2730 quae fit sacerdoti, ordinatur ad hoc quod sacerdos confitentem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2731 absolvat a peccatis, et liget ad opera satisfactoria, quae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2732 baptizatis non sunt imponenda, ut supra dictum est. Nec etiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2733 baptizati indigent remissione peccatorum per claves Ecclesiae,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2734 quibus omnia remittuntur per Baptismum. Tertio, quia ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2735 particularis confessio homini facta est poenosa, propter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2736 verecundiam confitentis. Baptizato autem nulla exterior poena
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2737 imponitur. Et ideo a baptizatis non requiritur specialis confessio
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2738 peccatorum, sed sufficit generalis, quam faciunt cum, secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2739 ritum Ecclesiae, abrenuntiant Satanae et omnibus operibus eius. Et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2740 hoc modo dicit quaedam Glossa Matth. III, quod <i>in Baptismo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2741 Ioannis exemplum datur baptizandis confitendi peccata et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2742 promittendi meliora</i>. Si qui tamen baptizandi ex devotione sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2743 peccata confiteri vellent, esset eorum confessio audienda, non ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2744 hoc quod satisfactio eis imponeretur; sed ad hoc quod contra
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2745 peccata consueta eis spiritualis vitae informatio tradatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2746 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="50098"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2747 "ref">[50098] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2748 dicendum quod in Baptismo Ioannis non remittebantur peccata, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2749 erat Baptismus poenitentiae. Et ideo accedentes ad illud Baptisma
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2750 convenienter confitebantur peccata, ut secundum qualitatem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2751 peccatorum eis poenitentia determinaretur. Sed Baptismus Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2752 est sine exteriori poenitentia, ut Ambrosius dicit. Unde non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2753 similis ratio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2754 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="50099"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2755 "ref">[50099] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2756 dicendum quod baptizatis sufficit confessio interior Deo facta, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2757 etiam exterior generalis, ad hoc quod dirigantur et misericordiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2758 consequantur, nec requiritur confessio specialis exterior, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2759 dictum est.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2760 <p title="III q. 68 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="50100"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2761 "ref">[50100] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2762 dicendum quod confessio est pars poenitentiae sacramentalis, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2763 non requiritur ante Baptismum, ut dictum est, sed requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2764 interioris poenitentiae virtus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2765 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2766 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2767 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="50101"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2768 "ref">[50101] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2769 sic proceditur. Videtur quod ex parte baptizati non requiratur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2770 intentio suscipiendi sacramentum Baptismi. Baptizatus enim se habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2771 sicut patiens in sacramento. Intentio autem non requiritur ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2772 patientis, sed ex parte agentis. Ergo videtur quod ex parte
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2773 baptizati non requiratur intentio suscipiendi Baptismum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2774 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="50102"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2775 "ref">[50102] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2776 praetermittatur id quod requiritur ad Baptismum, homo est denuo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2777 baptizandus, sicut cum praetermittitur invocatio Trinitatis, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2778 supra dictum est. Sed ex hoc non videtur aliquis denuo baptizandus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2779 quod intentionem non habebat suscipiendi Baptismum, alioquin, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2780 de intentione baptizati non constet, quilibet posset petere se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2781 denuo baptizari propter intentionis defectum. Non videtur ergo quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2782 intentio requiratur ex parte baptizati ut suscipiat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2783 sacramentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2784 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="50103"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2785 "ref">[50103] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2786 Baptismus contra peccatum originale datur. Sed originale peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2787 contrahitur sine intentione nascentis. Ergo Baptismus, ut videtur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2788 intentionem non requirit ex parte baptizati.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2789 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 s. c."><a name="50104"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2790 "ref">[50104] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2791 quod, secundum ritum Ecclesiae, baptizandi profitentur se petere ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2792 Ecclesia Baptismum. Per quod profitentur suam intentionem de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2793 susceptione sacramenti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2794 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 co."><a name="50105"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2795 "ref">[50105] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2796 dicendum quod per Baptismum aliquis moritur veteri vitae peccati,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2797 et incipit quandam vitae novitatem, secundum illud Rom. VI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2798 <i>consepulti sumus Christo per Baptismum in mortem, ut, quomodo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2799 Christus resurrexit a mortuis, ita et nos in novitate vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2800 ambulemus</i>. Et ideo, sicut ad hoc quod homo moriatur veteri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2801 vitae, requiritur, secundum Augustinum, in habente usum liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2802 arbitrii, voluntas qua eum veteris vitae poeniteat; ita requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2803 voluntas qua intendat vitae novitatem, cuius principium est ipsa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2804 susceptio sacramenti. Et ideo ex parte baptizati requiritur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2805 voluntas, sive intentio, suscipiendi sacramentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2806 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="50106"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2807 "ref">[50106] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2808 dicendum quod in iustificatione, quae fit per Baptismum, non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2809 passio coacta, sed voluntaria. Et ideo requiritur intentio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2810 recipiendi id quod ei datur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2811 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="50107"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2812 "ref">[50107] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2813 dicendum quod, si in adulto deesset intentio suscipiendi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2814 sacramentum, esset rebaptizandus. Si tamen hoc non constaret, esset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
2815 dicendum, si non es baptizatus, ego te baptizo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2816 <p title="III q. 68 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="50108"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2817 "ref">[50108] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2818 dicendum quod Baptismus ordinatur non solum contra originale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2819 peccatum, sed etiam contra actualia, quae per voluntatem et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2820 intentionem causantur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2821 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2822 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2823 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="50109"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2824 "ref">[50109] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2825 proceditur. Videtur quod fides requiratur ex parte baptizati.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2826 Sacramentum enim Baptismi a Christo est institutum. Sed Christus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2827 formam Baptismi tradens, fidem Baptismo praemittit, dicens, Marc.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2828 ult., <i>qui crediderit et baptizatus fuerit, salvus erit</i>. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2829 videtur quod, nisi sit fides, non possit esse sacramentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2830 Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2831 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="50110"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2832 "ref">[50110] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2833 nihil frustra in sacramentis Ecclesiae agitur. Sed secundum ritum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2834 Ecclesiae, qui accedit ad Baptismum de fide interrogatur, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2835 dicitur, <i>credis in Deum patrem omnipotentem?</i> Ergo videtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2836 quod fides ad Baptismum requiratur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2837 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="50111"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2838 "ref">[50111] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2839 Baptismum requiritur intentio suscipiendi sacramentum. Sed hoc non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2840 potest esse sine recta fide, cum Baptismus sit rectae fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2841 sacramentum, per eum enim incorporantur homines Christo, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2842 Augustinus dicit, in libro de Baptismo parvulorum; hoc autem esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2843 non potest sine recta fide, secundum illud Ephes. III, <i>habitare
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2844 Christum per fidem in cordibus vestris</i>. Ergo videtur quod ille
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2845 qui non habet rectam fidem, non possit suscipere sacramentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2846 Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2847 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 arg. 4"><a name="50112"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2848 "ref">[50112] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2849 infidelitas est gravissimum peccatum, ut in secunda parte habitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2850 est. Sed permanentes in peccato non sunt baptizandi. Ergo nec etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2851 permanentes in infidelitate.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2852 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 s. c."><a name="50113"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2853 "ref">[50113] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2854 quod Gregorius, scribens Quirico episcopo, dicit, <i>ab antiqua
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2855 patrum institutione didicimus ut qui apud haeresim in Trinitatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2856 nomine baptizantur, cum ad sanctam Ecclesiam redeunt, aut unctione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2857 chrismatis, aut impositione manus, aut sola professione fidei, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2858 sinum matris Ecclesiae revocentur</i>. Hoc autem non esset, si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2859 fides ex necessitate requireretur ad susceptionem Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2860 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 co."><a name="50114"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2861 "ref">[50114] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2862 dicendum quod, sicut ex dictis patet, duo efficiuntur in anima per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2863 Baptismum, scilicet character et gratia. Dupliciter ergo aliquid ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2864 necessitate requiritur ad Baptismum. Uno modo, sine quo gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2865 haberi non potest, quae est ultimus effectus sacramenti. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2866 modo recta fides ex necessitate requiritur ad Baptismum, quia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2867 sicut dicitur Rom. III, <i>iustitia Dei est per fidem Iesu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2868 Christi</i>. Alio modo requiritur aliquid ex necessitate ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2869 Baptismum, sine quo character Baptismi imprimi non potest. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2870 recta fides baptizati non requiritur ex necessitate ad Baptismum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2871 sicut nec recta fides baptizantis, dummodo adsint cetera quae sunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2872 de necessitate sacramenti. Non enim sacramentum perficitur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2873 iustitiam hominis dantis vel suscipientis Baptismum, sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2874 virtutem Dei.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2875 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="50115"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2876 "ref">[50115] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2877 dicendum quod dominus loquitur ibi de Baptismo secundum quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2878 perducit homines ad salutem secundum gratiam iustificantem, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2879 quidem sine recta fide esse non potest. Et ideo signanter dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2880 <i>qui crediderit et baptizatus fuerit, salvus erit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2881 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="50116"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2882 "ref">[50116] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2883 dicendum quod Ecclesia intendit homines baptizare ut emundentur a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2884 peccato, secundum illud Isaiae XXVII, <i>hic est omnis fructus, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2885 auferatur peccatum</i>. Et ideo, quantum est de se, non intendit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2886 dare Baptismum nisi habentibus rectam fidem, sine qua non est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2887 remissio peccatorum. Et propter hoc interrogat ad Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2888 accedentes, an credant. Si tamen sine recta fide aliquis Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2889 suscipiat extra Ecclesiam, non percipit illud ad suam salutem. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2890 Augustinus dicit, <i>Ecclesia Paradiso comparata indicat nobis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2891 posse quidem Baptismum eius homines etiam foris accipere, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2892 salutem beatitudinis extra eam neminem percipere vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2893 tenere</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2894 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="50117"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2895 "ref">[50117] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2896 dicendum quod etiam non habens rectam fidem circa alios articulos,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2897 potest habere rectam fidem circa sacramentum Baptismi, et ita non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2898 impeditur quin possit habere intentionem suscipiendi sacramentum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2899 Baptismi. Si tamen etiam circa hoc sacramentum non recte sentiat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2900 sufficit ad perceptionem sacramenti generalis intentio qua intendit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2901 suscipere Baptismum sicut Christus instituit, et sicut Ecclesia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2902 tradit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2903 <p title="III q. 68 a. 8 ad 4"><a name="50118"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2904 "ref">[50118] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 8 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2905 dicendum quod, sicut sacramentum Baptismi non est conferendum ei
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2906 qui non vult ab aliis peccatis recedere, ita nec etiam ei qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2907 vult infidelitatem deserere. Uterque tamen suscipit sacramentum si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2908 ei conferatur, licet non ad salutem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2909 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2910 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2911 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="50119"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2912 "ref">[50119] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2913 proceditur. Videtur quod pueri non sint baptizandi. In eo enim qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2914 baptizatur requiritur intentio suscipiendi sacramentum, ut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2915 dictum est. Huiusmodi autem intentionem non possunt pueri habere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2916 cum non habeant usum liberi arbitrii. Ergo videtur quod non possint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2917 suscipere sacramentum Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2918 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="50120"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2919 "ref">[50120] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2920 Baptismus est fidei sacramentum, ut supra dictum est. Sed pueri non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2921 habent fidem, quae consistit in credentium voluntate, ut Augustinus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2922 dicit, super Ioan. Nec etiam potest dici quod salventur in fide
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2923 parentum, quia quandoque parentes sunt infideles, et sic magis per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2924 eorum infidelitatem damnarentur. Ergo videtur quod pueri non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2925 possint baptizari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2926 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="50121"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2927 "ref">[50121] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, I
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2928 Pet. III dicitur quod <i>homines salvos facit Baptisma, non carnis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2929 depositio sordium, sed conscientiae bonae interrogatio in Deum</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2930 Sed pueri neque conscientiam habent bonam vel malam, cum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2931 habeant usum rationis, neque etiam convenienter ipsi interrogantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2932 cum non intelligant. Ergo non debent pueri baptizari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2933 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 s. c."><a name="50122"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2934 "ref">[50122] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2935 quod Dionysius dicit, ult. cap. Eccl. Hier., <i>divini nostri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2936 duces, scilicet apostoli, probaverunt infantes recipi ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2937 Baptismum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2938 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 co."><a name="50123"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2939 "ref">[50123] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2940 dicendum quod, sicut apostolus dicit, Rom. V, <i>si unius delicto
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2941 mors regnavit per unum, scilicet per Adam, multo magis abundantiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2942 gratiae et donationis et iustitiae accipientes in vita regnabunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2943 per unum, Iesum Christum</i>. Pueri autem ex peccato Adae peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2944 originale contrahunt, quod patet ex hoc quod sunt mortalitati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2945 subiecti, quae per peccatum primi hominis in omnes pertransiit, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2946 ibidem apostolus dicit. Unde multo magis pueri possunt per Christum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2947 gratiam suscipere, ut regnent in vita aeterna. Ipse autem dominus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2948 dicit, Ioan. III, <i>nisi quis renatus fuerit ex aqua et spiritu
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2949 sancto, non potest introire in regnum Dei</i>. Unde necessarium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2950 fuit pueros baptizare, ut, sicut per Adam damnationem incurrerunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2951 nascendo, ita per Christum salutem consequantur renascendo. Fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2952 etiam conveniens pueros baptizari ut a pueritia nutriti in his quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2953 sunt Christianae vitae, firmius in ea perseverent, iuxta illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2954 Prov. XXII, <i>adolescens iuxta viam suam, etiam cum senuerit, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2955 recedet ab ea</i>. Et hanc rationem assignat Dionysius, ult. cap.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2956 Eccl. Hier.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2957 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="50124"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2958 "ref">[50124] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2959 dicendum quod regeneratio spiritualis, quae fit per Baptismum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2960 quodammodo similis est nativitati carnali, quantum ad hoc quod,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2961 sicut pueri in maternis uteris constituti non per seipsos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2962 nutrimentum accipiunt, sed ex nutrimento matris sustentantur, ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2963 etiam pueri non habentes usum rationis, quasi in utero matris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2964 Ecclesiae constituti, non per seipsos, sed per actum Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2965 salutem suscipiunt. Unde Augustinus dicit, in libro de peccatorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2966 meritis et Remiss., <i>mater Ecclesia os maternum parvulis praebet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2967 ut sacris mysteriis imbuantur, quia nondum possunt corde proprio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2968 credere ad iustitiam, nec ore proprio confiteri ad salutem. Si
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2969 autem propterea recte fideles vocantur quoniam fidem per verba
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2970 gestantium quodammodo profitentur, cur etiam non poenitentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2971 habeantur, cum per eorundem verba gestantium Diabolo et huic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2972 saeculo abrenuntiare monstrentur?</i> Et eadem ratione possunt dici
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2973 intendentes, non per actum propriae intentionis, cum ipsi quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2974 contranitantur et plorent, sed per actum eorum a quibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2975 offeruntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2976 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="50125"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2977 "ref">[50125] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2978 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus, scribens Bonifacio, dicit, <i>in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2979 Ecclesia salvatoris parvuli per alios credunt, sicut ex aliis quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2980 in Baptismo remittuntur peccata traxerunt</i>. Nec impeditur eorum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2981 salus si parentes sint infideles, quia, sicut Augustinus dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2982 eidem Bonifacio scribens, <i>offeruntur parvuli ad percipiendam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2983 spiritualem gratiam, non tam ab eis quorum gestantur manibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2984 (quamvis et ab ipsis, si et ipsi boni fideles sunt), quam ab
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2985 universa societate sanctorum atque fidelium. Ab omnibus namque
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2986 offerri recte intelliguntur, quibus placet quod offeruntur, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2987 quorum caritate ad communionem sancti spiritus adiunguntur</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2988 Infidelitas autem propriorum parentum, etiam si eos post Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2989 Daemoniorum sacrificiis imbuere conentur, pueris non nocet. Quia,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2990 ut ibidem Augustinus dicit, <i>puer semel generatus per aliorum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2991 voluntatem, deinceps non potest vinculo alienae iniquitatis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2992 obstringi, ubi nulla sua voluntate consentit, secundum illud,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2993 Ezech. XVIII, sicut anima patris mea est, et anima filii, anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2994 quae peccaverit, ipsa morietur. Sed ideo ex Adam traxit quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2995 sacramenti illius gratia solveretur, quia nondum erat anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2996 separata vivens</i>. Fides autem unius, immo totius Ecclesiae,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2997 parvulo prodest per operationem spiritus sancti, qui unit Ecclesiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2998 et bona unius alteri communicat.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
2999 <p title="III q. 68 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="50126"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3000 "ref">[50126] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3001 dicendum quod, sicut puer, cum baptizatur, non per seipsum, sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3002 alios credit; ita non per seipsum, sed per alios interrogatur, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3003 interrogati confitentur fidem Ecclesiae in persona pueri, qui huic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3004 fidei aggregatur per fidei sacramentum. Conscientiam autem bonam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3005 consequitur puer etiam in seipso, non quidem actu, sed habitu, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3006 gratiam iustificantem.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3007 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3008 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3009 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="50127"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3010 "ref">[50127] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3011 sic proceditur. Videtur quod pueri Iudaeorum vel aliorum infidelium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3012 sint baptizandi, etiam invitis parentibus. Magis enim debet homini
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3013 subveniri contra periculum mortis aeternae quam contra periculum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3014 mortis temporalis. Sed puero in periculo mortis temporalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3015 existenti est subveniendum, etiam si parentes per malitiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3016 contraniterentur. Ergo multo magis est subveniendum pueris
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3017 infidelium filiis contra periculum mortis aeternae, etiam invitis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3018 parentibus.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3019 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="50128"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3020 "ref">[50128] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3021 filii servorum sunt servi, et in potestate dominorum. Sed Iudaei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3022 sunt servi regum et principum, et quicumque etiam alii infideles.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3023 Ergo absque omni iniuria possunt principes Iudaeorum filios, vel
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3024 aliorum servorum infidelium, facere baptizari.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3025 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="50129"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3026 "ref">[50129] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3027 quilibet homo est magis Dei, a quo habet animam, quam patris
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3028 carnalis, a quo habet corpus. Non est ergo iniustum si pueri
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3029 infidelium filii parentibus carnalibus auferantur, et Deo per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3030 Baptismum consecrentur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3031 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 s. c."><a name="50130"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3032 "ref">[50130] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3033 quod in decretis, dist. XLV, ex Concilio Toletano, sic dicitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3034 <i>de Iudaeis praecepit sancta synodus nemini deinceps ad credendum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3035 vim inferre, non enim tales inviti salvandi sunt, sed volentes, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3036 integra sit forma iustitiae</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3037 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 co."><a name="50131"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3038 "ref">[50131] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3039 dicendum quod pueri infidelium filii aut habent usum rationis, aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3040 non habent. Si autem habent, iam, quantum ad ea quae sunt iuris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3041 divini vel naturalis, incipiunt suae potestatis esse. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3042 propria voluntate, invitis parentibus, possunt Baptismum suscipere,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3043 sicut et matrimonium contrahere. Et ideo tales licite moneri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3044 possunt et induci ad suscipiendum Baptismum. Si vero nondum habent
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3045 usum liberi arbitrii, secundum ius naturale sunt sub cura parentum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3046 quandiu ipsi sibi providere non possunt. Unde etiam et de pueris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3047 antiquorum dicitur quod salvabantur in fide parentum. Et ideo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3048 contra iustitiam naturalem esset si tales pueri, invitis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3049 parentibus, baptizarentur, sicut etiam si aliquis habens usum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3050 rationis baptizaretur invitus. Esset etiam periculosum taliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3051 filios infidelium baptizare, quia de facili ad infidelitatem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3052 redirent, propter naturalem affectum ad parentes. Et ideo non habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3053 hoc Ecclesiae consuetudo, quod filii infidelium, invitis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3054 parentibus, baptizentur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3055 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="50132"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3056 "ref">[50132] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3057 dicendum quod a morte corporali non est aliquis eripiendus contra
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3058 ordinem iuris civilis, puta, si aliquis a suo iudice condemnetur ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3059 mortem, nullus debet eum violenter a morte eripere. Unde nec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3060 aliquis debet irrumpere ordinem iuris naturae, quo filius est sub
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3061 cura patris, ut eum liberet a periculo mortis aeternae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3062 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="50133"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3063 "ref">[50133] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3064 dicendum quod Iudaei sunt servi principum servitute civili, quae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3065 non excludit ordinem iuris naturalis vel divini.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3066 <p title="III q. 68 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="50134"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3067 "ref">[50134] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3068 dicendum quod homo ordinatur ad Deum per rationem, per quam Deum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3069 cognoscere potest. Unde puer, antequam usum rationis habeat,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3070 naturali ordine ordinatur in Deum per rationem parentum, quorum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3071 curae naturaliter subiacet, et secundum eorum dispositionem sunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3072 circa ipsum divina agenda.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3073 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3074 <div class="E">Articulus 11</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3075 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 arg. 1"><a name="50135"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3076 "ref">[50135] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 1</span></a> Ad undecimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3077 sic proceditur. Videtur quod in maternis uteris existentes possint
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3078 baptizari. Efficacius est enim donum Christi ad salutem quam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3079 peccatum Adae ad damnationem, ut apostolus dicit, Rom. V. Sed pueri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3080 in maternis uteris existentes damnantur propter peccatum Adae. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3081 multo magis salvari possunt per donum Christi. Quod quidem fit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3082 Baptismum. Ergo pueri in maternis uteris existentes possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3083 baptizari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3084 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 arg. 2"><a name="50136"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3085 "ref">[50136] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3086 puer in utero matris existens aliquid matris esse videtur. Sed,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3087 baptizata matre, baptizatur quidquid est eius intra ipsam existens.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3088 Ergo videtur quod, baptizata matre, baptizetur puer in utero eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3089 existens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3090 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 arg. 3"><a name="50137"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3091 "ref">[50137] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3092 mors aeterna peior est quam mors corporalis. Sed de duobus malis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3093 minus malum eligendum est. Si ergo puer in utero matris existens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3094 baptizari non potest, melius esset quod mater aperiretur et puer vi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3095 eductus baptizaretur, quam quod puer aeternaliter damnaretur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3096 absque Baptismo decedens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3097 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 arg. 4"><a name="50138"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3098 "ref">[50138] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3099 contingit quandoque quod aliqua pars pueri prius egreditur, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3100 legitur Gen. XXXVIII quod, pariente Thamar, <i>in ipsa effusione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3101 infantium, unus protulit manum, in qua obstetrix ligavit coccinum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3102 dicens, iste egredietur prior. Illo vero manum retrahente, egressus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3103 est alter</i>. Quandoque autem in tali casu imminet periculum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3104 mortis. Ergo videtur quod illa pars debeat baptizari, puero adhuc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3105 in materno utero existente.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3106 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 s. c."><a name="50139"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3107 "ref">[50139] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3108 quod Augustinus, in epistola ad Dardanum, dicit, <i>nemo renascitur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3109 nisi primo nascatur</i>. Sed Baptismus est quaedam spiritualis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3110 regeneratio. Non ergo debet aliquis baptizari priusquam ex utero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3111 nascatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3112 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 co."><a name="50140"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3113 "ref">[50140] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3114 dicendum quod de necessitate Baptismi est quod corpus baptizandi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3115 aliquo modo aqua abluatur, cum Baptismus sit quaedam ablutio, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3116 supra dictum est. Corpus autem infantis, antequam nascatur ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3117 utero, non potest aliquo modo ablui aqua, nisi forte dicatur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3118 ablutio baptismalis qua corpus matris lavatur, ad filium in ventre
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3119 existentem perveniat. Sed hoc non potest esse, tum quia anima
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3120 pueri, ad cuius sanctificationem ordinatur Baptismus, distincta est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3121 ab anima matris; tum quia corpus puerperii animati iam est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3122 formatum, et per consequens a corpore matris distinctum. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3123 Baptismus quo mater baptizatur, non redundat in prolem in utero
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3124 existentem. Unde Augustinus dicit, contra Iulianum, <i>si ad matris
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3125 corpus id quod in ea concipitur pertinet, ita ut eius pars
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3126 imputetur, non baptizaretur infans cuius mater baptizata est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3127 aliquo mortis urgente periculo, cum gestaret in utero. Nunc vero,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3128 cum etiam ipse, scilicet infans, baptizetur, non utique ad maternum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3129 corpus, cum esset in utero, pertinebat</i>. Et ita relinquitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3130 nullo modo existentes in maternis uteris baptizari possunt.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3131 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 ad 1"><a name="50141"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3132 "ref">[50141] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3133 dicendum quod pueri in maternis uteris existentes nondum prodierunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3134 in lucem, ut cum aliis hominibus vitam ducant. Unde non possunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3135 subiici actioni humanae, ut per eorum ministerium sacramenta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3136 recipiant ad salutem. Possunt tamen subiici operationi Dei, apud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3137 quem vivunt, ut quodam privilegio gratiae sanctificationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3138 consequantur, sicut patet de sanctificatis in utero.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3139 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 ad 2"><a name="50142"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3140 "ref">[50142] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3141 dicendum quod membrum interius matris est aliquid eius per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3142 continuationem et unionem materialis partis ad totum. Puer autem in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3143 utero matris existens est aliquid eius per quandam colligationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3144 corporum distinctorum. Unde non est similis ratio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3145 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 ad 3"><a name="50143"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3146 "ref">[50143] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3147 dicendum quod <i>non sunt facienda mala ut veniant bona</i>, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3148 dicitur Rom. III. Et ideo non debet homo occidere matrem ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3149 baptizet puerum. Si tamen mater mortua fuerit vivente puero in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3150 utero, aperiri debet, ut puer baptizetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3151 <p title="III q. 68 a. 11 ad 4"><a name="50144"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3152 "ref">[50144] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 11 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3153 dicendum quod expectanda est totalis egressio pueri ex utero ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3154 Baptismum, nisi mors immineat. Si tamen primo caput egrediatur, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3155 quo fundatur sensus, debet baptizari, periculo imminente, et non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3156 est postea rebaptizandus, si eum perfecte nasci contigerit. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3157 videtur idem faciendum quaecumque alia pars egrediatur, periculo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3158 imminente. Quia tamen in nulla partium exteriorum integritas ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3159 consistit sicut in capite, videtur quibusdam quod, propter dubium,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3160 quacumque alia parte corporis abluta, puer post perfectam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3161 nativitatem sit baptizandus sub hac forma, si non es baptizatus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3162 ego te baptizo, et cetera.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3163 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3164 <div class="E">Articulus 12</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3165 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 arg. 1"><a name="50145"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3166 "ref">[50145] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 arg. 1</span></a> Ad duodecimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3167 sic proceditur. Videtur quod furiosi et amentes non debeant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3168 baptizari. Ad susceptionem enim Baptismi requiritur intentio in eo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3169 qui baptizatur, ut supra dictum est. Sed furiosi et amentes, cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3170 careant usu rationis, non possunt habere nisi inordinatam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3171 intentionem. Ergo non debent baptizari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3172 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 arg. 2"><a name="50146"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3173 "ref">[50146] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3174 homo bruta animalia superexcedit in hoc quod habet rationem. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3175 furiosi et amentes non habent usum rationis, et quandoque etiam in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3176 eis non expectatur, sicut expectatur in pueris. Ergo videtur quod,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3177 sicut bruta animalia non baptizantur, ita etiam nec tales furiosi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3178 et amentes debeant baptizari.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3179 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 arg. 3"><a name="50147"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3180 "ref">[50147] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3181 magis ligatus est usus rationis in furiosis vel amentibus quam in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3182 dormientibus. Sed Baptismus non consuevit dari dormientibus. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3183 non debet dari amentibus et furiosis.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3184 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 s. c."><a name="50148"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3185 "ref">[50148] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3186 quod Augustinus dicit, IV Confess., de amico suo, qui, cum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3187 desperaretur, baptizatus est. Et tamen in ipso Baptismus efficaciam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3188 habuit. Unde et carentibus usu rationis aliquando Baptismus dari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3189 debet.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3190 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 co."><a name="50149"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3191 "ref">[50149] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3192 dicendum quod circa amentes et furiosos est distinguendum. Quidam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3193 enim sunt a nativitate tales, nulla habentes lucida intervalla, in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3194 quibus etiam nullus usus rationis apparet. Et de talibus, quantum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3195 ad Baptismi susceptionem, videtur esse idem iudicium et de pueris,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3196 qui baptizantur in fide Ecclesiae, ut supra dictum est. Alii vero
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3197 sunt amentes qui ex sana mente quam habuerunt prius, in amentiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3198 inciderunt. Et tales sunt iudicandi secundum voluntatem quam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3199 habuerunt dum sanae mentis existerent. Et ideo, si tunc apparuit in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3200 eis voluntas suscipiendi Baptismum, debet exhiberi eis in furia vel
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3201 amentia constitutis, etiam si tunc contradicant. Alioquin, si nulla
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3202 voluntas suscipiendi Baptismum in eis apparuit dum sanae mentis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3203 essent, non sunt baptizandi. Quidam vero sunt qui, etsi a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3204 nativitate fuerint furiosi et amentes, habent tamen aliqua lucida
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3205 intervalla, in quibus recta ratione uti possunt. Unde, si tunc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3206 baptizari voluerint, baptizari possunt etiam in amentia constituti.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3207 Et debet eis sacramentum tunc conferri si periculum timeatur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3208 alioquin melius est ut tempus expectetur in quo sint sanae mentis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3209 ad hoc quod devotius suscipiant sacramentum. Si autem tempore
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3210 lucidi intervalli non appareat in eis voluntas Baptismum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3211 suscipiendi, baptizari non debent in amentia constituti. Quidam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3212 vero sunt qui, etsi non omnino sanae mentis existant, in tantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3213 tamen ratione utuntur quod possunt de sua salute cogitare, et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3214 intelligere sacramenti virtutem. Et de talibus idem est iudicium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3215 sicut de his qui sanae mentis existunt, qui baptizantur volentes,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3216 non inviti.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3217 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 ad 1"><a name="50150"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3218 "ref">[50150] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3219 dicendum quod amentes qui nunquam habuerunt nec habent usum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3220 rationis, baptizantur ex intentione Ecclesiae, sicut ex ritu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3221 Ecclesiae credunt et poenitent, sicut supra de pueris dictum est.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3222 Illi vero qui aliquo tempore habuerunt vel habent usum rationis,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3223 secundum propriam intentionem baptizantur, quam habent vel
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3224 habuerunt tempore sanae mentis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3225 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 ad 2"><a name="50151"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3226 "ref">[50151] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3227 dicendum quod furiosi vel amentes carent usu rationis per accidens,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3228 scilicet propter aliquod impedimentum organi corporalis, non autem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3229 propter defectum animae rationalis, sicut bruta animalia. Unde non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3230 est de eis similis ratio.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3231 <p title="III q. 68 a. 12 ad 3"><a name="50152"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3232 "ref">[50152] III&ordf; q. 68 a. 12 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3233 dicendum quod dormientes non sunt baptizandi nisi periculum mortis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3234 immineat. In quo casu baptizari debent si prius voluntas apparuit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3235 in eis suscipiendi Baptismum, sicut et de amentibus dictum est,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3236 sicut Augustinus narrat, in IV libro Confess., de amico suo, qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3237 baptizatus est nesciens, propter periculum mortis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3238 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3239 <div class="D">Quaestio 69</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3240 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3241 <p title="III q. 69 pr."><a name="50153"><span class="ref">[50153]
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3242 III&ordf; q. 69 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3243 effectibus Baptismi. Et circa hoc quaeruntur decem. Primo, utrum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3244 per Baptismum auferantur omnia peccata. Secundo, utrum per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3245 Baptismum liberetur homo ab omni poena. Tertio, utrum Baptismus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3246 auferat poenalitatem huius vitae. Quarto, utrum per Baptismum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3247 conferantur homini gratiae et virtutes quinto, de effectibus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3248 virtutum qui per Baptismum conferuntur. Sexto, utrum etiam parvuli
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3249 in Baptismo gratias et virtutes accipiant. Septimo, utrum per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3250 Baptismum aperiatur baptizatis ianua regni caelestis. Octavo, utrum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3251 Baptismus aequalem effectum habeat in omnibus baptizatis. Nono,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3252 utrum fictio impediat effectum Baptismi. Decimo, utrum, recedente
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3253 fictione, Baptismus obtineat suum effectum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3254 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3255 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3256 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="50154"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3257 "ref">[50154] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3258 proceditur. Videtur quod per Baptismum non tollantur omnia peccata.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3259 Baptismus enim est quaedam spiritualis regeneratio, quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3260 contraponitur generationi carnali. Sed per generationem carnalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3261 homo contrahit solum originale peccatum. Ergo per Baptismum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3262 solvitur solum originale peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3263 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="50155"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3264 "ref">[50155] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3265 poenitentia est sufficiens causa remissionis actualium peccatorum.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3266 Sed ante Baptismum in adultis requiritur poenitentia, secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3267 illud Act. II, <i>poenitentiam agite, et baptizetur unusquisque
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3268 vestrum</i>. Ergo Baptismus nihil operatur circa remissionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3269 peccatorum actualium.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3270 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="50156"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3271 "ref">[50156] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3272 diversorum morborum diversae sunt medicinae, quia, sicut Hieronymus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3273 dicit, <i>non sanat oculum quod sanat calcaneum</i>. Sed peccatum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3274 originale, quod per Baptismum tollitur, est aliud genus peccati a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3275 peccato actuali. Ergo non omnia peccata remittuntur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3276 Baptismum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3277 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 s. c."><a name="50157"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3278 "ref">[50157] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3279 quod dicitur Ezech. XXXVI, <i>effundam super vos aquam mundam, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3280 mundabimini ab omnibus inquinamentis vestris</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3281 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 co."><a name="50158"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3282 "ref">[50158] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3283 dicendum quod, sicut apostolus dicit, Rom. VI, <i>quicumque
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3284 baptizati sumus in Christo Iesu, in morte ipsius baptizati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3285 sumus</i>. Et postea concludit, <i>ita et vos existimate mortuos
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3286 quidem esse peccato, viventes autem Deo in Christo Iesu domino
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3287 nostro</i>. Ex quo patet quod per Baptismum homo moritur vetustati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3288 peccati, et incipit vivere novitati gratiae. Omne autem peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3289 pertinet ad pristinam vetustatem. Unde consequens est quod omne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3290 peccatum per Baptismum tollatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3291 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="50159"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3292 "ref">[50159] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3293 dicendum quod, sicut apostolus dicit, Rom. V, peccatum Adae non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3294 tantum potest quantum donum Christi, quod in Baptismo percipitur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3295 <i>nam iudicium ex uno in condemnationem, gratia autem ex multis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3296 delictis in iustificationem</i>. Unde et Augustinus dicit, in libro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3297 de Baptismo parvulorum, quod, <i>generante carne, tantummodo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3298 trahitur peccatum originale, regenerante autem spiritu, non solum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3299 originalis, sed etiam voluntariorum fit remissio
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3300 peccatorum</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3301 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="50160"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3302 "ref">[50160] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3303 dicendum quod nullius peccati remissio fieri potest nisi per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3304 virtutem passionis Christi, unde et apostolus dicit, Heb. IX, quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3305 <i>sine sanguinis effusione non fit remissio</i>. Unde motus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3306 voluntatis humanae non sufficeret ad remissionem culpae, nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3307 adesset fides passionis Christi et propositum participandi ipsam,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3308 vel suscipiendo Baptismum, vel subiiciendo se clavibus Ecclesiae.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3309 Et ideo, quando aliquis adultus poenitens ad Baptismum accedit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3310 consequitur quidem remissionem omnium peccatorum ex proposito
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3311 Baptismi, perfectius autem ex reali susceptione Baptismi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3312 <p title="III q. 69 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="50161"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3313 "ref">[50161] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3314 dicendum quod ratio illa procedit de particularibus medicinis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3315 Baptismus autem operatur in virtute passionis Christi, quae est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3316 universalis medicina omnium peccatorum, et per Baptismum omnia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3317 peccata solvuntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3318 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3319 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3320 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="50162"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3321 "ref">[50162] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3322 sic proceditur. Videtur quod per Baptismum non liberetur homo ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3323 omni reatu peccati. Dicit enim apostolus, Rom. XIII, <i>quae a Deo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3324 sunt, ordinata sunt</i>. Sed culpa non ordinatur nisi per poenam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3325 ut Augustinus dicit. Ergo per Baptismum non tollitur reatus poenae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3326 praecedentium peccatorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3327 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="50163"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3328 "ref">[50163] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3329 effectus sacramenti aliquam similitudinem habet cum ipso
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3330 sacramento, quia sacramenta novae legis efficiunt quod figurant, ut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3331 supra dictum est. Sed ablutio baptismalis habet quidem aliquam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3332 similitudinem cum ablutione maculae, nullam autem similitudinem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3333 habere videtur cum subtractione reatus poenae. Non ergo per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3334 Baptismum tollitur reatus poenae.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3335 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="50164"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3336 "ref">[50164] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3337 sublato reatu poenae, aliquis non remanet dignus poena, et ita
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3338 iniustum esset eum puniri. Si igitur per Baptismum tollitur reatus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3339 poenae, iniustum esset post Baptismum suspendere latronem, qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3340 antea homicidium commisit. Et ita per Baptismum tolleretur rigor
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3341 humanae disciplinae, quod est inconveniens. Non ergo per Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3342 tollitur reatus poenae.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3343 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 s. c."><a name="50165"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3344 "ref">[50165] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3345 quod Ambrosius dicit, super illud Rom. XI, <i>sine poenitentia sunt
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3346 dona Dei et vocatio</i>, gratia, inquit, Dei in Baptismo omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3347 gratis condonat.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3348 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 co."><a name="50166"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3349 "ref">[50166] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3350 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, per Baptismum aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3351 incorporatur passioni et morti Christi, secundum illud Rom. VI,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3352 <i>si mortui sumus cum Christo, credimus quia etiam simul vivemus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3353 cum Christo</i>. Ex quo patet quod omni baptizato communicatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3354 passio Christi ad remedium ac si ipse passus et mortuus esset.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3355 Passio autem Christi, sicut supra dictum est, est sufficiens
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3356 satisfactio pro omnibus peccatis omnium hominum. Et ideo ille qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3357 baptizatur liberatur a reatu omnis poenae sibi debitae pro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3358 peccatis, ac si ipse sufficienter satisfecisset pro omnibus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3359 peccatis suis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3360 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="50167"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3361 "ref">[50167] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3362 dicendum quod, quia poena passionis Christi communicatur baptizato,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3363 inquantum fit membrum Christi, ac si ipse poenam illam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3364 sustinuisset, eius peccata remanent ordinata per poenam passionis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3365 Christi.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3366 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="50168"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3367 "ref">[50168] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3368 dicendum quod aqua non solum abluit, sed etiam refrigerat. Et ita
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3369 suo refrigerio significat subtractionem reatus poenae, sicut sua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3370 ablutione significat emundationem a culpa.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3371 <p title="III q. 69 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="50169"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3372 "ref">[50169] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3373 dicendum quod in poenis quae iudicio humano inferuntur, non solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3374 attenditur qua poena sit homo dignus quoad Deum, sed etiam in quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3375 sit obligatus quoad homines, qui sunt laesi et scandalizati per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3376 peccatum alicuius. Et ideo, licet homicida per Baptismum liberetur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3377 a reatu poenae quoad Deum, remanet tamen adhuc obligatus quoad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3378 homines, quos iustum est aedificari de poena, sicut sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3379 scandalizati de culpa. Pie tamen talibus princeps posset poenam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3380 indulgere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3381 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3382 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3383 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="50170"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3384 "ref">[50170] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3385 proceditur. Videtur quod per Baptismum debeant auferri poenalitates
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3386 praesentis vitae. Ut enim apostolus dicit, Rom. V, donum Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3387 potentius est quam peccatum Adae. Sed per peccatum Adae, ut ibidem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3388 apostolus dicit, <i>mors in hunc mundum intravit</i>, et per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3389 consequens omnes aliae poenalitates praesentis vitae. Ergo multo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3390 magis per donum Christi, quod in Baptismo percipitur, homo a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3391 poenalitatibus praesentis vitae debet liberari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3392 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="50171"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3393 "ref">[50171] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3394 Baptismus aufert et culpam originalem et actualem, sicut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3395 dictum est. Sic autem aufert actualem culpam quod liberat ab omni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3396 reatu poenae consequentis actualem culpam. Ergo etiam liberat a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3397 poenalitatibus praesentis vitae, quae sunt poena originalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3398 peccati.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3399 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="50172"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3400 "ref">[50172] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3401 remota causa, removetur effectus. Sed causa harum poenalitatum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3402 peccatum originale, quod tollitur per Baptismum. Ergo non debent
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3403 huiusmodi poenalitates remanere.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3404 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 s. c."><a name="50173"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3405 "ref">[50173] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3406 quod, super illud Rom. VI, <i>destruatur corpus peccati</i>, dicit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3407 Glossa, <i>per Baptismum id agitur ut vetus homo crucifigatur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3408 corpus peccati destruatur, non ita ut in ipsa vivente carne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3409 concupiscentia respersa et innata repente absumatur et non sit, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3410 ne obsit mortuo quae inerat nato</i>. Ergo pari ratione nec aliae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3411 poenalitates per Baptismum tolluntur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3412 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 co."><a name="50174"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3413 "ref">[50174] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3414 dicendum quod Baptismus habet virtutem auferendi poenalitates
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3415 praesentis vitae, non tamen eas aufert in praesenti vita, sed eius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3416 virtute auferentur a iustis in resurrectione, <i>quando mortale hoc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3417 induet immortalitatem</i>, ut dicitur I Cor. XV. Et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3418 rationabiliter. Primo quidem, quia per Baptismum homo incorporatur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3419 Christo et efficitur membrum eius, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3420 conveniens est ut id agatur in membro incorporato quod est actum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3421 capite. Christus autem a principio suae conceptionis fuit plenus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3422 gratia et veritate, habuit tamen corpus passibile, quod per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3423 passionem et mortem est ad vitam gloriosam resuscitatum. Unde et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3424 Christianus in Baptismo gratiam consequitur quantum ad animam,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3425 habet tamen corpus passibile, in quo pro Christo possit pati; sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3426 tandem resuscitabitur ad impassibilem vitam. Unde apostolus dicit,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3427 Rom. VIII, <i>qui suscitavit Iesum Christum a mortuis, vivificabit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3428 et mortalia corpora nostra, propter inhabitantem spiritum eius in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3429 nobis</i>. Et infra eodem, <i>heredes quidem Dei, coheredes autem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3430 Christi, si tamen compatimur, ut et simul glorificemur</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3431 Secundo, hoc est conveniens propter spirituale exercitium, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3432 videlicet contra concupiscentiam et alias passibilitates pugnans
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3433 homo victoriae coronam acciperet. Unde super illud Rom. VI, <i>ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3434 destruatur corpus peccati</i>, dicit Glossa, <i>si post Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3435 vixerit homo in carne, habet concupiscentiam cum qua pugnet,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3436 eamque, adiuvante Deo, superet</i>. In cuius figura dicitur Iudic.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3437 III, <i>hae sunt gentes quas dominus dereliquit ut erudiret in eis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3438 Israelem, et postea discerent filii eorum certare cum hostibus, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3439 habere consuetudinem praeliandi</i>. Tertio, hoc fuit conveniens ne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3440 homines ad Baptismum accederent propter impassibilitatem praesentis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3441 vitae, et non propter gloriam vitae aeternae. Unde et apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3442 dicit, I Cor. XV, <i>si in hac vita tantum sperantes sumus in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3443 Christo, miserabiliores sumus omnibus hominibus</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3444 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="50175"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3445 "ref">[50175] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3446 dicendum quod, sicut Glossa dicit, Rom. VI, super illud, <i>ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3447 ultra non serviamus peccato, sicut aliquis capiens hostem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3448 atrocissimum non statim interficit eum, sed patitur eum cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3449 dedecore et dolore aliquantulum vivere; ita et Christus prius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3450 poenam alligavit, in futuro autem perimet</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3451 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="50176"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3452 "ref">[50176] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3453 dicendum quod, sicut ibidem dicit Glossa, <i>duplex est poena
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3454 peccati, gehennalis et temporalis. Gehennalem prorsus delevit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3455 Christus, ut eam non sentiant baptizati et vere poenitentes.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3456 Temporalem vero nondum penitus tulit, manet enim fames sitis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3457 mors. Sed regnum et dominium eius deiecit</i>, ut scilicet haec
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3458 homo non timeat, et tandem in novissimo eam penitus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3459 exterminabit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3460 <p title="III q. 69 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="50177"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3461 "ref">[50177] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3462 dicendum quod, sicut in secunda parte dictum est, peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3463 originale hoc modo processit quod primo persona infecit naturam,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3464 postmodum vero natura infecit personam. Christus vero converso
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3465 ordine prius reparat id quod personae est, postmodum simul in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3466 omnibus reparabit id quod naturae est. Et ideo culpam originalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3467 peccati, et etiam poenam carentiae visionis divinae, quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3468 respiciunt personam, statim per Baptismum tollit ab homine. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3469 poenalitates praesentis vitae, sicut mors, fames, sitis et alia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3470 huiusmodi, respiciunt naturam, ex cuius principiis causantur, prout
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3471 est destituta originali iustitia. Et ideo isti defectus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3472 tollentur nisi in ultima reparatione naturae per resurrectionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3473 gloriosam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3474 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3475 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3476 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="50178"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3477 "ref">[50178] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3478 proceditur. Videtur quod per Baptismum non conferantur homini
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3479 gratia et virtutes. Quia, sicut supra dictum est, sacramenta novae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3480 legis efficiunt quod figurant. Sed per ablutionem Baptismi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3481 significatur emundatio animae a culpa, non autem informatio animae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3482 per gratiam et virtutes. Videtur igitur quod per Baptismum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3483 conferantur homini gratia et virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3484 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="50179"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3485 "ref">[50179] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3486 illud quod iam aliquis adeptus est, non indiget iterum suscipere.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3487 Sed aliqui accedunt ad Baptismum iam habentes gratiam et virtutes;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3488 sicut Act. X legitur, <i>vir quidam erat in Caesarea, nomine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3489 Cornelius, centurio cohortis</i> quae dicitur Italica, religiosus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3490 et timens Deum; qui tamen postea a Petro baptizatus est. Non ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3491 per Baptismum conferuntur gratia et virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3492 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="50180"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3493 "ref">[50180] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3494 virtus est habitus, ad cuius rationem pertinet quod sit qualitas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3495 difficile mobilis, per quam aliquis faciliter et delectabiliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3496 operetur. Sed post Baptismum remanet in hominibus pronitas ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3497 malum, per quod tollitur virtus; et consequitur difficultatem quis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3498 ad bonum, quod est actus virtutis. Ergo per Baptismum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3499 consequitur homo gratiam et virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3500 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 s. c."><a name="50181"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3501 "ref">[50181] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3502 quod, ad Tit. III, dicit apostolus, <i>salvos nos fecit per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3503 lavacrum regenerationis, idest per Baptismum, et renovationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3504 spiritus sancti, quem effudit in nos abunde, idest ad remissionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3505 peccatorum et copiam virtutum</i>, ut Glossa ibidem exponit. Sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3506 ergo in Baptismo datur gratia spiritus sancti et copia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3507 virtutum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3508 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 co."><a name="50182"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3509 "ref">[50182] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3510 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Baptismo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3511 parvulorum, <i>ad hoc Baptismus valet, ut baptizati Christo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3512 incorporentur ut membra eius</i>. A capite autem Christo in omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3513 membra eius gratiae et virtutis plenitudo derivatur, secundum illud
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3514 Ioan. I, <i>de plenitudine eius nos omnes accepimus</i>. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3515 manifestum est quod per Baptismum aliquis consequitur gratiam et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3516 virtutes.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3517 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="50183"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3518 "ref">[50183] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3519 dicendum quod, sicut aqua Baptismi per suam ablutionem significat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3520 emundationem culpae, et per suum refrigerium significat
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3521 liberationem a poena, ita per naturalem claritatem significat
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3522 splendorem gratiae et virtutum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3523 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="50184"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3524 "ref">[50184] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3525 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, remissionem peccatorum aliquis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3526 consequitur ante Baptismum secundum quod habet Baptismum in voto,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3527 vel explicite vel implicite et tamen, cum realiter suscipit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3528 Baptismum, fit plenior remissio, quantum ad liberationem a tota
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3529 poena. Ita etiam ante Baptismum Cornelius et alii similes
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3530 consequuntur gratiam et virtutes per fidem Christi et desiderium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3531 Baptismi, implicite vel explicite, postmodum tamen in Baptismo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3532 maiorem copiam gratiae et virtutum consequuntur. Unde super illud
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3533 Psalmi, <i>super aquam refectionis educavit me</i>, dicit Glossa,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3534 <i>per augmentum virtutis et bonae operationis educavit in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3535 Baptismo</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3536 <p title="III q. 69 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="50185"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3537 "ref">[50185] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3538 dicendum quod difficultas ad bonum et pronitas ad malum inveniuntur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3539 in baptizatis, non propter defectum habitus virtutum, sed propter
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3540 concupiscentiam, quae non tollitur in Baptismo. Sicut tamen per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3541 Baptismum diminuitur concupiscentia, ut non dominetur, ita etiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3542 diminuitur utrumque istorum, ne homo ab his superetur.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3543 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3544 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3545 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="50186"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3546 "ref">[50186] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3547 proceditur. Videtur quod inconvenienter attribuantur Baptismo pro
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3548 effectibus quidam actus virtutum, scilicet, incorporatio ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3549 Christum, illuminatio, fecundatio. Non enim Baptismus datur adulto
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3550 nisi fideli, secundum illud Marc. ult., <i>qui crediderit et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3551 baptizatus fuerit, salvus erit</i>. Sed per fidem aliquis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3552 incorporatur Christo, secundum illud Ephes. III, <i>habitare
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3553 Christum per fidem in cordibus vestris</i>. Ergo nullus baptizatur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3554 nisi iam Christo incorporatus. Non ergo est effectus Baptismi
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3555 incorporari Christo.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3556 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="50187"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3557 "ref">[50187] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3558 illuminatio fit per doctrinam, secundum illud Ephes. III <i>mihi
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3559 omnium minimo data est gratia haec, illuminare omnes</i>, et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3560 cetera. Sed doctrina praecedit Baptismum in catechismo. Non ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3561 est effectus Baptismi.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3562 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="50188"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3563 "ref">[50188] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3564 fecunditas pertinet ad generationem activam. Sed per Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3565 aliquis regeneratur spiritualiter. Ergo fecunditas non est effectus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3566 Baptismi.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3567 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 s. c."><a name="50189"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3568 "ref">[50189] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3569 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Baptismo parvulorum, quod <i>ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3570 hoc valet Baptismus ut baptizati Christo incorporentur</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3571 Dionysius etiam, II cap. Eccl. Hier., illuminationem attribuit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3572 Baptismo. Et super illud Psalmi, <i>super aquam refectionis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3573 educavit</i>, dicit Glossa quod <i>anima peccatorum, ariditate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3574 sterilis, fecundatur per Baptismum</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3575 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 co."><a name="50190"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3576 "ref">[50190] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3577 dicendum quod per Baptismum aliquis regeneratur in spiritualem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3578 vitam, quae est propria fidelium Christi, sicut apostolus dicit,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3579 Galat. II, <i>quod autem nunc vivo in carne, in fide vivo filii
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3580 Dei</i>. Vita autem non est nisi membrorum capiti unitorum, a quo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3581 sensum et motum suscipiunt. Et ideo necesse est quod per Baptismum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3582 aliquis incorporetur Christo quasi membrum ipsius. Sicut autem a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3583 capite naturali derivatur ad membra sensus et motus, ita a capite
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3584 spirituali, quod est Christus, derivatur ad membra eius sensus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3585 spiritualis, qui consistit in cognitione veritatis, et motus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3586 spiritualis, qui est per gratiae instinctum. Unde Ioan. I dicitur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3587 <i>vidimus eum plenum gratiae et veritatis, et de plenitudine eius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3588 omnes accepimus</i>. Et ideo consequens est quod baptizati
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3589 illuminentur a Christo circa cognitionem veritatis, et fecundentur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3590 ab eo fecunditate bonorum operum per gratiae infusionem.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3591 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="50191"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3592 "ref">[50191] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3593 dicendum quod adulti prius credentes in Christum sunt ei
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3594 incorporati mentaliter. Sed postmodum, cum baptizantur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3595 incorporantur ei quodammodo corporaliter, scilicet per visibile
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3596 sacramentum, sine cuius proposito nec mentaliter incorporari
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3597 potuissent.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3598 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="50192"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3599 "ref">[50192] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3600 dicendum quod doctor illuminat exterius per ministerium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3601 catechizando, sed Deus illuminat interius baptizatos, praeparans
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3602 corda eorum ad recipiendam doctrinam veritatis, secundum illud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3603 Ioan. VI, <i>scriptum est in prophetis, erunt omnes docibiles
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3604 Dei</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3605 <p title="III q. 69 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="50193"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3606 "ref">[50193] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3607 dicendum quod effectus Baptismi ponitur fecunditas qua aliquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3608 producit bona opera, non autem fecunditas qua aliquis generat alios
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3609 in Christo, sicut apostolus dicit, I Cor. IV, <i>in Christo Iesu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3610 per Evangelium ego vos genui</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3611 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3612 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3613 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="50194"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3614 "ref">[50194] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3615 proceditur. Videtur quod pueri in Baptismo non consequantur gratiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3616 et virtutes. Gratia enim et virtutes non habentur sine fide et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3617 caritate. Sed <i>fides</i>, ut Augustinus dicit, <i>consistit in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3618 credentium voluntate</i>, et similiter etiam caritas consistit in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3619 diligentium voluntate, cuius usum pueri non habent, et sic non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3620 habent fidem et caritatem. Ergo pueri in Baptismo non recipiunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3621 gratiam et virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3622 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="50195"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3623 "ref">[50195] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3624 super illud Ioan. XIV, <i>maiora horum faciet</i>, dicit Augustinus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3625 quod ut ex impio iustus fiat, <i>in illo, sed non sine illo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3626 Christus operatur</i>. Sed puer, cum non habeat usum liberi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3627 arbitrii, non cooperatur Christo ad suam iustificationem, immo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3628 quandoque pro posse renititur. Ergo non iustificatur per gratiam et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3629 virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3630 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="50196"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3631 "ref">[50196] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3632 Rom. IV dicitur, <i>ei qui non operatur, credenti autem in eum qui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3633 iustificat impium, reputabitur fides eius ad iustitiam, secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3634 propositum gratiae Dei</i>. Sed puer non est credens in eum qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3635 iustificat impium. Ergo non consequitur gratiam iustificantem neque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3636 virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3637 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 arg. 4"><a name="50197"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3638 "ref">[50197] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3639 quod ex carnali intentione agitur, non videtur habere spiritualem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3640 effectum. Sed quandoque pueri ad Baptismum deferuntur carnali
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3641 intentione, ut scilicet corporaliter sanentur. Non ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3642 consequuntur spiritualem effectum gratiae et virtutum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3643 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 s. c."><a name="50198"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3644 "ref">[50198] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3645 quod Augustinus dicit, in Enchirid., <i>parvuli renascendo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3646 moriuntur illi peccato quod nascendo contraxerunt, et per hoc ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3647 illos etiam pertinet quod dicitur, consepulti sumus cum illo per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3648 Baptismum in mortem, (subditur autem) ut, quomodo resurrexit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3649 Christus a mortuis per gloriam patris ita et nos in novitate vitae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3650 ambulemus</i>. Sed novitas vitae est per gratiam et virtutes. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3651 pueri consequuntur in Baptismo gratiam et virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3652 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 co."><a name="50199"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3653 "ref">[50199] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3654 dicendum quod quidam antiqui posuerunt quod pueris in Baptismo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3655 dantur gratia et virtutes, sed imprimitur eis character Christi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3656 cuius virtute, cum ad perfectam aetatem venerint, consequuntur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3657 gratiam et virtutes. Sed hoc patet esse falsum dupliciter. Primo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3658 quidem, quia pueri, sicut et adulti, in Baptismo efficiuntur membra
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3659 Christi. Unde necesse est quod a capite recipiant influxum gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3660 et virtutis. Secundo, quia secundum hoc pueri decedentes post
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3661 Baptismum non pervenirent ad vitam aeternam, quia, ut dicitur Rom.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3662 VI, <i>gratia Dei est vita aeterna</i>. Et ita nihil profuisset eis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3663 ad salutem baptizatos fuisse. Causa autem erroris fuit quia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3664 nescierunt distinguere inter habitum et actum. Et sic, videntes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3665 pueros inhabiles ad actus virtutum, crediderunt eos post Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3666 nullatenus virtutem habere. Sed ista impotentia operandi non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3667 accidit pueris ex defectu habituum, sed ex impedimento corporali,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3668 sicut etiam dormientes, quamvis habeant habitus virtutum,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3669 impediuntur tamen ab actibus propter somnum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3670 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="50200"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3671 "ref">[50200] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3672 dicendum quod fides et caritas consistunt in voluntate hominum, ita
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3673 tamen quod habitus harum et aliarum virtutum requirunt potentiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3674 voluntatis, quae est in pueris; sed actus virtutum requirunt actum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3675 voluntatis, qui non est in pueris. Et hoc modo Augustinus dicit, in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3676 libro de Baptismo parvulorum, quod <i>parvulum, etsi nondum illa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3677 fides quae in credentium voluntate consistit, iam tamen ipsius
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3678 fidei sacramentum</i>, quod scilicet causat habitum fidei, fidelem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3679 facit.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3680 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="50201"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3681 "ref">[50201] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3682 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de caritate,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3683 <i>nemo ex aqua et spiritu sancto renascitur nisi volens</i>. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3684 non de parvulis, sed de adultis intelligendum est. Et similiter de
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3685 adultis intelligendum est quod homo a Christo sine ipso non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3686 iustificatur. Quod autem parvuli baptizandi, prout viribus possunt,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3687 reluctantur, non eis imputatur, <i>quia in tantum nesciunt quid
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3688 faciunt, ut nec facere videantur</i>, ut Augustinus dicit, in libro
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3689 de praesentia Dei ad Dardanum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3690 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="50202"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3691 "ref">[50202] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3692 dicendum quod, sicut Augustinus dicit, <i>parvulis mater Ecclesia
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3693 aliorum pedes accommodat ut veniant, aliorum cor ut credant,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3694 aliorum linguam ut fateantur</i>. Et ita pueri credunt, non per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3695 actum proprium, sed per fidem Ecclesiae, quae eis communicatur. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3696 huius fidei virtute conferuntur eis gratia et virtutes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3697 <p title="III q. 69 a. 6 ad 4"><a name="50203"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3698 "ref">[50203] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 6 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3699 dicendum quod carnalis intentio deferentium pueros ad Baptismum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3700 nihil eis nocet, sicut nec culpa unius nocet alteri, nisi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3701 consentiat. Unde Augustinus dicit, in epistola ad Bonifacium,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3702 <i>non illud te moveat quod quidam non ea fide ad Baptismum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3703 percipiendum parvulos ferunt ut gratia spirituali ad vitam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3704 regenerentur aeternam, sed hoc eos putant remedio corporalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3705 retinere vel recipere sanitatem. Non enim propterea illi non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3706 regenerantur, quia non ab istis hac intentione offeruntur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3707 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3708 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3709 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="50204"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3710 "ref">[50204] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3711 sic proceditur. Videtur quod effectus Baptismi non sit apertio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3712 ianuae regni caelestis. Illud enim quod est apertum, non indiget
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3713 apertione. Sed ianua regni caelestis est aperta per passionem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3714 Christi, unde Apoc. IV dicitur, <i>post haec vidi ostium magnum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3715 apertum in caelo</i>. Non est ergo effectus Baptismi apertio ianuae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3716 regni caelestis.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3717 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="50205"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3718 "ref">[50205] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3719 Baptismus omni tempore ex quo institutus fuit, habet suum effectum.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3720 Sed quidam baptizati sunt Baptismo Christi ante eius passionem, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3721 habetur Ioan. III, quibus, si tunc decessissent, introitus regni
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3722 caelestis non patebat, in quod nullus ante Christum introivit,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3723 secundum illud Mich. II, <i>ascendit pandens iter ante eos</i>. Non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3724 est ergo effectus Baptismi apertio ianuae regni caelestis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3725 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="50206"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3726 "ref">[50206] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3727 baptizati adhuc sunt obnoxii morti et aliis poenalitatibus vitae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
3728 praesentis, ut supra dictum est. Sed nulli est apertus aditus regni
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3729 caelestis quandiu est obnoxius poenae, sicut patet de illis qui
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3730 sunt in Purgatorio. Non ergo est effectus Baptismi apertio ianuae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3731 regni caelestis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3732 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 s. c."><a name="50207"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3733 "ref">[50207] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3734 quod super illud Luc. III, <i>apertum est caelum</i>, dicit Glossa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3735 Bedae, <i>virtus hic Baptismatis ostenditur, de quo quisque cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3736 egreditur, ei regni caelestis ianua aperitur</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3737 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 co."><a name="50208"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3738 "ref">[50208] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3739 dicendum quod aperire ianuam regni caelestis est amovere
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3740 impedimentum quo aliquis impeditur regnum caeleste intrare. Hoc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3741 autem impedimentum est culpa et reatus poenae. Ostensum est autem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3742 supra quod per Baptismum totaliter omnis culpa et etiam omnis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3743 reatus poenae tollitur. Unde consequens est quod effectus Baptismi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3744 sit apertio regni caelestis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3745 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="50209"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3746 "ref">[50209] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3747 dicendum quod Baptismus intantum aperit baptizato ianuam regni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3748 caelestis, inquantum incorporat eum passioni Christi, virtutem eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3749 homini applicando.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3750 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="50210"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3751 "ref">[50210] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3752 dicendum quod, quando passio Christi nondum erat realiter perfecta
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3753 sed solum in fide credentium, Baptismus proportionaliter causabat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3754 ianuae apertionem, non quidem in re, sed in spe. Baptizati enim
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3755 tunc decedentes ex certa spe introitum regni caelestis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3756 expectabant.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3757 <p title="III q. 69 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="50211"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3758 "ref">[50211] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3759 dicendum quod baptizatus non est obnoxius morti et poenalitatibus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3760 vitae praesentis propter reatum personae, sed propter statum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3761 naturae. Et ideo propter hoc non impeditur ab introitu regni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3762 caelestis, quando anima separatur a corpore per mortem, quasi iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3763 persoluto eo quod naturae debebatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3764 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3765 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3766 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="50212"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3767 "ref">[50212] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3768 proceditur. Videtur quod Baptismus non habeat in omnibus aequalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3769 effectum. Effectus enim Baptismi est remotio culpae. Sed in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3770 quibusdam plura peccata tollit quam in aliis, nam in pueris tollit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3771 solum peccatum originale; in adultis autem etiam actualia, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3772 quibusdam plura, in quibusdam vero pauciora. Non ergo aequalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3773 effectum habet Baptismus in omnibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3774 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="50213"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3775 "ref">[50213] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3776 Baptismum conferuntur homini gratia et virtutes. Sed quidam post
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3777 Baptismum videntur habere maiorem gratiam et perfectiorem virtutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3778 quam alii baptizati. Non ergo Baptismus habet aequalem effectum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3779 omnibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3780 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="50214"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3781 "ref">[50214] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3782 natura perficitur per gratiam sicut materia per formam. Sed forma
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3783 recipitur in materia secundum eius capacitatem. Cum ergo in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3784 quibusdam baptizatis, etiam pueris, sit maior capacitas naturalium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3785 quam in aliis, videtur quod quidam maiorem gratiam consequantur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3786 quam alii.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3787 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 arg. 4"><a name="50215"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3788 "ref">[50215] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3789 quidam in Baptismo consequuntur non solum spiritualem salutem, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3790 etiam corporalem, sicut patet de Constantino, qui in Baptismo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3791 mundatus est a lepra. Non autem omnes infirmi corporalem salutem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3792 consequuntur in Baptismo. Ergo non habet aequalem effectum in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3793 omnibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3794 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 s. c."><a name="50216"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3795 "ref">[50216] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3796 quod dicitur Ephes. IV, <i>una fides, unum Baptisma</i>. Uniformis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3797 autem causae est uniformis effectus. Ergo Baptismus habet aequalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3798 effectum in omnibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3799 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 co."><a name="50217"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3800 "ref">[50217] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3801 dicendum quod duplex est effectus Baptismi, unus per se, et alius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3802 per accidens. Per se quidem effectus Baptismi est id ad quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3803 Baptismus est institutus, scilicet ad generandum homines in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3804 spiritualem vitam. Unde, quia omnes pueri aequaliter se habent ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3805 Baptismum, quia non in fide propria, sed in fide Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3806 baptizantur, omnes aequalem effectum percipiunt in Baptismo. Adulti
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3807 vero, qui per propriam fidem ad Baptismum accedunt, non aequaliter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3808 se habent ad Baptismum, quidam enim cum maiori, quidam cum minori
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3809 devotione ad Baptismum accedunt. Et ideo quidam plus, quidam minus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3810 de gratia novitatis accipiunt, sicut etiam ab eodem igne accipit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3811 plus caloris qui plus ei appropinquat, licet ignis, quantum est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3812 se, aequaliter ad omnes suum calorem effundat. Effectus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3813 Baptismi per accidens est ad quem Baptismus non est ordinatus, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3814 divina virtus hoc in Baptismo miraculose operatur, sicut super
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3815 illud Rom. VI, <i>ut ultra non serviamus peccato</i>, dicit Glossa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3816 <i>non hoc praestatur in Baptismo, nisi forte miraculo ineffabili
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3817 creatoris, ut lex peccati, quae est in membris, prorsus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3818 extinguatur</i>. Et tales effectus non aequaliter suscipiuntur ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3819 omnibus baptizatis, etiam si cum aequali devotione accedant, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3820 dispensantur huiusmodi effectus secundum ordinem providentiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3821 divinae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3822 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="50218"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3823 "ref">[50218] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3824 dicendum quod minima gratia baptismalis sufficiens est ad delendum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3825 cuncta peccata. Unde hoc non est propter maiorem efficaciam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3826 Baptismi quod in quibusdam plura, in quibusdam pauciora peccata
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3827 solvit, sed propter conditionem subiecti, quia in quolibet solvit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3828 quodcumque invenerit.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3829 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="50219"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3830 "ref">[50219] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3831 dicendum quod hoc quod in baptizatis maior vel minor gratia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3832 apparet, potest dupliciter contingere. Uno modo, quia unus in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3833 Baptismo percipit maiorem gratiam quam alius propter maiorem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3834 devotionem, ut dictum est. Alio modo quia, etiam si aequalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3835 gratiam percipiant, non aequaliter ea utuntur, sed unus studiosius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3836 in ea proficit, alius per negligentiam gratiae Dei deest.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3837 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="50220"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3838 "ref">[50220] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3839 dicendum quod diversa capacitas in hominibus non est ex diversitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3840 mentis, quae per Baptismum renovatur, cum omnes homines, eiusdem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3841 speciei existentes, in forma conveniant, sed ex diversa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3842 dispositione corporum. Secus autem est in Angelis, qui differunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3843 specie. Et ideo Angelis dantur dona gratuita secundum diversam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3844 capacitatem naturalium, non autem hominibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3845 <p title="III q. 69 a. 8 ad 4"><a name="50221"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3846 "ref">[50221] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 8 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3847 dicendum quod sanitas corporalis non est per se effectus Baptismi,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3848 sed est quoddam miraculosum opus providentiae divinae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3849 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3850 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3851 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="50222"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3852 "ref">[50222] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3853 proceditur. Videtur quod fictio non impediat effectum Baptismi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3854 Dicit enim apostolus, Galat. III, <i>quicumque in Christo baptizati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3855 estis, Christum induistis</i>. Sed omnes qui Baptismum Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3856 suscipiunt, baptizantur in Christo. Ergo omnes induunt Christum.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3857 Quod est percipere Baptismi effectum. Et ita fictio non impedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3858 Baptismi effectum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3859 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="50223"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3860 "ref">[50223] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3861 Baptismo operatur virtus divina, quae potest voluntatem hominis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3862 mutare in bonum. Sed effectus causae agentis non potest impediri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3863 per id quod ab illa causa potest auferri. Ergo fictio non potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3864 impedire Baptismi effectum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3865 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="50224"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3866 "ref">[50224] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3867 Baptismi effectus est gratia, cui peccatum opponitur. Sed multa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3868 sunt alia peccata graviora quam fictio, de quibus non dicitur quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3869 effectum Baptismi impediant. Ergo neque fictio impedit effectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3870 Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3871 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 s. c."><a name="50225"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3872 "ref">[50225] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3873 quod dicitur Sap. I, <i>spiritus sanctus disciplinae effugiet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3874 fictum</i>. Sed effectus Baptismi est a spiritu sancto. Ergo fictio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3875 impedit effectum Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3876 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 co."><a name="50226"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3877 "ref">[50226] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3878 dicendum quod, sicut Damascenus dicit, <i>Deus non cogit hominem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3879 iustitiam</i>. Et ideo ad hoc quod aliquis iustificetur per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3880 Baptismum, requiritur quod voluntas hominis amplectatur et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3881 Baptismum et Baptismi effectum. Dicitur autem aliquis fictus per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3882 hoc quod voluntas eius contradicit vel Baptismo, vel eius effectui.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3883 Nam secundum Augustinum, quatuor modis dicitur aliquis fictus, uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3884 modo, ille qui non credit, cum tamen Baptismus sit fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3885 sacramentum; alio modo, per hoc quod contemnit ipsum sacramentum;
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3886 tertio modo, per hoc quod aliter celebrat sacramentum, non servans
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3887 ritum Ecclesiae; quarto, per hoc quod aliquis indevote accedit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3888 Unde manifestum est quod fictio impedit effectum Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3889 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="50227"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3890 "ref">[50227] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3891 dicendum quod baptizari in Christo potest intelligi dupliciter. Uno
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3892 modo, in Christo, idest, in Christi conformitate. Et sic quicumque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3893 baptizantur in Christo conformati ei per fidem et caritatem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3894 induunt Christum per gratiam. Alio modo dicuntur aliqui baptizari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3895 in Christo, inquantum accipiunt Christi sacramentum. Et sic omnes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3896 induunt Christum per configurationem characteris, non autem per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3897 conformitatem gratiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3898 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="50228"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3899 "ref">[50228] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3900 dicendum quod, quando Deus voluntatem hominis de malo in bonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3901 mutat, tunc homo non accedit fictus. Sed non semper hoc Deus facit.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3902 Nec ad hoc sacramentum ordinatur, ut de ficto fiat aliquis non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3903 fictus, sed ut non fictus aliquis accedens iustificetur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3904 <p title="III q. 69 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="50229"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3905 "ref">[50229] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3906 dicendum quod fictus dicitur aliquis ex eo quod demonstrat se
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3907 aliquid velle quod non vult. Quicumque autem accedit ad Baptismum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3908 ex hoc ipso ostendit se rectam fidem Christi habere, et hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3909 sacramentum venerari, et velle se Ecclesiae conformare, et velle a
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3910 peccato recedere. Unde cuicumque peccato vult homo inhaerere, si ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3911 Baptismum accedit, fictus accedit, quod est indevote accedere. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3912 hoc intelligendum est de peccato mortali, quod gratiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3913 contrariatur, non autem de peccato veniali. Unde fictio hic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3914 quodammodo includit omne peccatum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3915 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3916 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3917 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="50230"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3918 "ref">[50230] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3919 sic proceditur. Videtur quod, fictione recedente, Baptismus suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3920 effectum non consequatur. Opus enim mortuum, quod est sine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3921 caritate, non potest unquam vivificari. Sed ille qui fictus accedit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3922 ad Baptismum, recipit sacramentum sine caritate. Ergo nunquam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3923 potest vivificari hoc modo ut gratiam conferat.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3924 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="50231"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3925 "ref">[50231] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3926 fictio videtur esse fortior quam Baptismus, cum impediat eius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3927 effectum. Sed fortius non tollitur a debiliori. Ergo peccatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3928 fictionis non potest tolli per Baptismum fictione impeditum. Et sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3929 Baptismus non consequetur suum effectum, qui est remissio omnium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3930 peccatorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3931 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="50232"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3932 "ref">[50232] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3933 contingit quod aliquis ficte accedit ad Baptismum, et post
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3934 Baptismum multa peccata committit. Quae tamen per Baptismum non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3935 tollentur, quia Baptismus tollit peccata praeterita, non futura.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3936 Ergo Baptismus talis nunquam consequetur suum effectum, qui est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3937 remissio omnium peccatorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3938 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 s. c."><a name="50233"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3939 "ref">[50233] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3940 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de Baptismo, <i>tunc valere incipit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3941 ad salutem Baptismus, cum illa fictio veraci confessione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3942 recesserit, quae, corde in malitia vel sacrilegio perseverante,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3943 peccatorum ablutionem non sinebat fieri</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3944 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 co."><a name="50234"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3945 "ref">[50234] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3946 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, Baptismus est quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3947 spiritualis regeneratio. Cum autem aliquid generatur, simul cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3948 forma recipit effectum formae, nisi sit aliquid impediens; quo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3949 remoto, forma rei generatae perficit suum effectum, sicut simul cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3950 corpus grave generatur, movetur deorsum, nisi sit aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3951 prohibens; quo remoto, statim incipit moveri deorsum. Et similiter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3952 quando aliquis baptizatur, accipit characterem, quasi formam, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3953 consequitur proprium effectum, qui est gratia remittens omnia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3954 peccata. Impeditur autem quandoque per fictionem. Unde oportet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3955 quod, ea remota per poenitentiam, Baptismus statim consequatur suum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3956 effectum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3957 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="50235"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3958 "ref">[50235] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3959 dicendum quod sacramentum Baptismi est opus Dei, et non hominis. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3960 ideo non est mortuum in ficto, qui sine caritate baptizatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3961 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="50236"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3962 "ref">[50236] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3963 dicendum quod fictio non removetur per Baptismum, sed per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3964 poenitentiam, qua remota, Baptismus aufert omnem culpam et reatum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3965 omnium peccatorum praecedentium Baptismum, et etiam simul
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3966 existentium cum Baptismo. Unde Augustinus dicit, in libro de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3967 Baptismo, <i>solvitur hesternus dies, et quidquid superest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3968 solvitur, et ipsa hora momentumque ante Baptismum et in Baptismo.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3969 Deinceps autem continuo reus esse incipit</i>. Et sic ad effectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3970 Baptismi consequendum concurrit Baptismus et poenitentia, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3971 Baptismus sicut causa per se agens; poenitentia sicut causa per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3972 accidens, idest removens prohibens.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3973 <p title="III q. 69 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="50237"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3974 "ref">[50237] III&ordf; q. 69 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3975 dicendum quod effectus Baptismi non est tollere peccata futura, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3976 praesentia vel praeterita. Et ideo, recedente fictione, peccata
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3977 sequentia remittuntur quidem, sed per poenitentiam, non per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3978 Baptismum. Unde non remittuntur quantum ad totum reatum, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3979 peccata praecedentia Baptismum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3980 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3981 <div class="D">Quaestio 70</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3982 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3983 <p title="III q. 70 pr."><a name="50238"><span class="ref">[50238]
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3984 III&ordf; q. 70 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3985 praeparatoriis ab Baptismum. Et primo quidem, de praeparatorio quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3986 praecessit Baptismum, scilicet de circumcisione; secundo, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3987 praeparatoriis quae currunt simul cum Baptismo, scilicet de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3988 catechismo et exorcismo. Circa primum quaeruntur quatuor. Primo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3989 utrum circumcisio fuerit praeparatoria et figurativa Baptismi.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3990 Secundo, de institutione ipsius. Tertio, de ritu eius. Quarto, de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3991 effectu ipsius.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3992 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3993 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3994 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="50239"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3995 "ref">[50239] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3996 proceditur. Videtur quod circumcisio non fuerit praeparatoria et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3997 figurativa Baptismi. Omnis enim figura habet aliquam similitudinem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3998 cum suo figurato. Sed circumcisio nullam habet similitudinem cum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
3999 Baptismo. Ergo videtur quod non fuerit praeparativa et figurativa
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4000 Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4001 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="50240"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4002 "ref">[50240] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4003 apostolus dicit, I Cor. X, de antiquis patribus loquens, <i>quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4004 omnes in nube et in mari baptizati sunt</i>, non autem dicit quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4005 in circumcisione baptizati sint. Ergo protectio columnae nubis, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4006 transitus maris rubri, magis fuerunt praeparatoria ad Baptismum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4007 figurativa ipsius quam circumcisio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4008 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="50241"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4009 "ref">[50241] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4010 supra dictum est quod Baptismus Ioannis fuit praeparatorius ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4011 Baptismum Christi. Si ergo circumcisio fuit praeparatoria et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4012 figurativa Baptismi Christi, videtur quod Baptismus Ioannis fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4013 superfluus. Quod est inconveniens. Non ergo circumcisio fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4014 praeparatoria et figurativa Baptismi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4015 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 s. c."><a name="50242"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4016 "ref">[50242] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4017 quod apostolus dicit, Coloss. II, <i>circumcisi estis circumcisione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4018 non manu facta in exspoliatione corporis carnis, sed circumcisione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4019 Iesu Christi, consepulti ei in Baptismo</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4020 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 co."><a name="50243"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4021 "ref">[50243] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4022 dicendum quod Baptismus dicitur sacramentum fidei, inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4023 scilicet in Baptismo fit quaedam fidei professio, et per Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4024 aggregatur homo congregationi fidelium. Eadem autem est fides
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4025 nostra et antiquorum patrum, secundum illud apostoli, II Cor. IV,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4026 <i>habentes eundem spiritum fidei credimus</i>. Circumcisio autem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4027 erat quaedam protestatio fidei, unde et per circumcisionem antiqui
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4028 congregabantur collegio fidelium. Unde manifestum est quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4029 circumcisio fuerit praeparatoria ad Baptismum et praefigurativa
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4030 ipsius, secundum quod antiquis patribus omnia in figura futuri
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4031 contingebant, ut dicitur I Cor. X, sicut et fides eorum erat de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4032 futuro.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4033 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="50244"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4034 "ref">[50244] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4035 dicendum quod circumcisio habebat similitudinem cum Baptismo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4036 quantum ad spiritualem effectum Baptismi. Nam sicut per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4037 circumcisionem auferebatur quaedam carnalis pellicula, ita per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4038 Baptismum homo exspoliatur a carnali conversatione.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4039 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="50245"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4040 "ref">[50245] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4041 dicendum quod protectio columnae nubis, et transitus maris rubri,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4042 fuerunt quidem figurae nostri Baptismi, quo renascimur ex aqua,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4043 significata per mare rubrum, et spiritu sancto, significato per
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4044 columnam nubis, non tamen per haec fiebat aliqua professio fidei,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4045 sicut per circumcisionem. Et ideo praedicta duo erant tantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4046 figurae, et non sacramenta. Circumcisio autem erat sacramentum, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4047 praeparatorium ad Baptismum, minus tamen expresse figurans
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4048 Baptismum, quantum ad exteriora, quam praedicta. Et ideo apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4049 potius fecit mentionem de praedictis quam de circumcisione.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4050 <p title="III q. 70 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="50246"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4051 "ref">[50246] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4052 dicendum quod Baptismus Ioannis fuit praeparatorius ad Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4053 Christi quantum ad exercitium actus. Sed circumcisio quantum ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4054 professionem fidei, quae requiritur in Baptismo, sicut dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4055 est.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4056 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4057 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4058 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="50247"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4059 "ref">[50247] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4060 sic proceditur. Videtur quod circumcisio fuerit inconvenienter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4061 instituta. Sicut enim dictum est, in circumcisione fiebat quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4062 professio fidei. Sed a peccato primi hominis nullus unquam salvari
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4063 potuit nisi per fidem passionis Christi, secundum illud Rom. III,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4064 <i>quem proposuit Deus propitiatorem per fidem in sanguine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4065 ipsius</i>. Ergo statim post peccatum primi hominis circumcisio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4066 institui debuit, et non tempore Abrahae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4067 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="50248"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4068 "ref">[50248] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4069 circumcisione profitebatur homo observantiam veteris legis, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4070 in Baptismo profitetur observantiam novae legis, unde apostolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4071 dicit, Galat. V, <i>testificor omni homini circumcidenti se quoniam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4072 debitor est universae legis faciendae</i>. Sed legalis observantia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4073 non est tradita tempore Abrahae, sed magis tempore Moysi. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4074 inconvenienter instituta est circumcisio tempore Abrahae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4075 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="50249"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4076 "ref">[50249] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4077 circumcisio fuit figurativa et praeparativa Baptismi. Sed Baptismus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4078 exhibetur omnibus populis, secundum illud Matth. ult., <i>euntes,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4079 docete omnes gentes, baptizantes eos</i>. Ergo circumcisio non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4080 debuit institui ut observanda tantum ab uno populo Iudaeorum, sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4081 ab omnibus populis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4082 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 arg. 4"><a name="50250"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4083 "ref">[50250] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4084 carnalis circumcisio debet respondere spirituali sicut figura
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4085 figurato. Sed spiritualis circumcisio, quae fit per Christum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4086 indifferenter convenit utrique sexui, quia <i>in Christo Iesu non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4087 est masculus neque femina</i>, ut dicitur Coloss. III. Ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4088 inconvenienter est circumcisio instituta, quae competit solum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4089 maribus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4090 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 s. c."><a name="50251"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4091 "ref">[50251] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4092 quod, sicut legitur Gen. XVII, circumcisio est instituta a Deo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4093 cuius perfecta sunt opera.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4094 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 co."><a name="50252"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4095 "ref">[50252] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4096 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, circumcisio erat praeparatoria ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4097 Baptismum inquantum erat quaedam professio fidei Christi, quam et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4098 nos in Baptismo profitemur. Inter antiquos autem patres, primus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4099 Abraham promissionem accepit de Christo nascituro, cum dictum est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4100 ei, Gen. XXII, <i>in semine tuo benedicentur omnes gentes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4101 terrae</i>. Et ipse etiam primus se a societate infidelium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4102 segregavit, secundum mandatum domini dicentis sibi, <i>egredere de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4103 terra tua et de cognatione tua</i>. Et ideo convenienter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4104 circumcisio fuit instituta in Abraham.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4105 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="50253"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4106 "ref">[50253] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4107 dicendum quod immediate post peccatum primi parentis, propter
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4108 doctrinam ipsius Adae, qui plene instructus fuerat de divinis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4109 adhuc fides et ratio naturalis vigebat in homine in tantum quod non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4110 oportebat determinari hominibus aliqua signa fidei et salutis, sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4111 unusquisque pro suo libitu fidem suam profitentibus signis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4112 protestabatur. Sed circa tempus Abrahae diminuta erat fides,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4113 plurimis ad idololatriam declinantibus. Obscurata etiam erat ratio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4114 naturalis per augmentum carnalis concupiscentiae usque ad peccata
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4115 contra naturam. Et ideo convenienter tunc, et non ante, fuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4116 instituta circumcisio, ad profitendum fidem et minuendum carnalem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4117 concupiscentiam.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4118 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="50254"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4119 "ref">[50254] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4120 dicendum quod legalis observantia tradi non debuit nisi populo iam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4121 congregato, quia lex ordinatur ad bonum publicum, ut in secunda
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4122 parte dictum est. Populus autem fidelium congregandus erat aliquo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4123 signo sensibili, quod est necessarium ad hoc quod homines in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4124 quacumque religione adunentur, sicut Augustinus dicit, contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4125 Faustum. Et ideo oportuit prius institui circumcisionem quam lex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4126 daretur. Illi autem patres qui fuerunt ante legem, familias suas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4127 instruxerunt de rebus divinis per modum paternae admonitionis. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4128 et dominus dicit de Abraham, <i>scio quod praecepturus sit filiis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4129 suis et domui suae post se ut custodiant viam domini</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4130 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="50255"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4131 "ref">[50255] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4132 dicendum quod Baptismus in se continet perfectionem salutis, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4133 quam Deus omnes homines vocat, secundum illud I Tim. II <i>qui vult
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4134 omnes homines salvos fieri</i>. Et ideo Baptismus omnibus populis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4135 proponitur. Circumcisio autem non continebat perfectionem salutis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4136 sed significabat ipsam ut fiendam per Christum, qui erat ex
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4137 Iudaeorum populo nasciturus. Et ideo illi soli populo data est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4138 circumcisio.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4139 <p title="III q. 70 a. 2 ad 4"><a name="50256"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4140 "ref">[50256] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 2 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4141 dicendum quod circumcisionis institutio est ut signum fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4142 Abrahae, qui credidit se patrem futurum Christi sibi repromissi, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4143 ideo convenienter solis maribus competebat. Peccatum etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4144 originale, contra quod specialiter circumcisio ordinabatur, a patre
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4145 trahitur, non a matre, ut in secunda parte dictum est. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4146 Baptismus continet virtutem Christi, qui est universalis salutis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4147 causa omnium, et remissio omnium peccatorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4148 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4149 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4150 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="50257"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4151 "ref">[50257] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4152 proceditur. Videtur quod ritus circumcisionis non fuerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4153 conveniens. Circumcisio enim, ut dictum est, fidei quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4154 professio est. Sed fides in vi apprehensiva existit, cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4155 operationes maxime apparent in capite. Ergo magis debuit signum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4156 circumcisionis dari in capite quam in membro generationis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4157 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="50258"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4158 "ref">[50258] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4159 usum sacramentorum sumimus ea quorum est communior usus, sicut aqua
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4160 ad abluendum, et panem ad reficiendum. Sed ad incidendum communius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4161 utimur cultello ferreo quam petrino. Ergo circumcisio non debuit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4162 fieri cultello petrino.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4163 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="50259"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4164 "ref">[50259] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4165 sicut Baptismus instituitur in remedium originalis peccati, ita et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4166 circumcisio, sicut Beda dicit. Sed nunc Baptismus non differtur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4167 usque ad octavum diem, ne pueris periculum damnationis immineat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4168 propter originale peccatum, si non baptizati decedant. Quandoque
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4169 etiam tardatur Baptismus post octavum diem. Ergo etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4170 circumcisioni non debuit determinari octavus dies, sed debebat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4171 quandoque praeveniri, sicut etiam quandoque tardabatur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4172 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 s. c."><a name="50260"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4173 "ref">[50260] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4174 quod Rom. IV, super illud, <i>et signum accepit circumcisionis</i>,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4175 determinatur in Glossa praedictus circumcisionis ritus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4176 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 co."><a name="50261"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4177 "ref">[50261] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4178 dicendum quod, sicut dictum est, circumcisio quoddam signum fidei
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4179 est institutum a Deo, <i>cuius sapientiae non est numerus</i>.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4180 Determinare autem convenientia signa est sapientiae opus. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4181 concedendum est quod ritus circumcisionis fuit conveniens.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4182 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="50262"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4183 "ref">[50262] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4184 dicendum quod circumcisio convenienter fiebat in membro
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4185 generationis. Primo quidem, quia erat signum fidei qua Abraham
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4186 credidit Christum ex suo semine nasciturum. Secundo, quia erat in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4187 remedium peccati originalis, quod per actum generationis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4188 traducitur. Tertio, quia ordinabatur ad diminutionem carnalis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4189 concupiscentiae, quae praecipue in membris illis viget, propter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4190 abundantiam delectationis venereorum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4191 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="50263"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4192 "ref">[50263] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4193 dicendum quod cultellus lapideus non erat de necessitate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4194 circumcisionis. Unde non invenitur tale instrumentum praecepto
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4195 divino determinatum; neque communiter tali instrumento Iudaei
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4196 utebantur ad circumcidendum; sed neque modo utuntur. Leguntur tamen
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4197 aliquae circumcisiones famosae cultello lapideo factae, sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4198 legitur Exod. IV, quod <i>tulit Sephora acutissimam petram et
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diff changeset
4199 circumcidit praeputium filii sui</i>; et Iosue V dicitur, <i>fac
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4200 tibi cultros lapideos, et circumcide secundo filios Israel</i>. Per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4201 quod figurabatur circumcisionem spiritualem esse faciendam per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4202 Christum, de quo dicitur, I Cor. X, <i>petra autem erat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4203 Christus</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4204 <p title="III q. 70 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="50264"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4205 "ref">[50264] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4206 dicendum quod octavus dies determinatus erat circumcisioni, tum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4207 propter mysterium, quia in octava aetate, quae est aetas
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4208 resurgentium, quasi in octavo die, perficietur per Christum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4209 spiritualis circumcisio, quando auferet ab electis non solum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4210 culpam, sed etiam omnem poenalitatem. Tum etiam propter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4211 teneritudinem infantis ante octavum diem. Unde etiam de aliis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4212 animalibus Levit. XXII praecipitur, <i>bos, ovis et capra, cum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4213 generata fuerint, septem diebus erunt sub ubere matris suae, die
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4214 autem octavo et deinceps offerri poterunt domino</i>. Erat autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4215 octavus dies de necessitate praecepti, ita scilicet quod octavum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4216 diem praetermittentes peccabant, etiam si esset sabbatum; secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4217 illud Ioan. VII, <i>circumcisionem accipit homo in sabbato, ut non
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diff changeset
4218 solvatur lex Moysi</i>. Non tamen erat de necessitate sacramenti,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4219 quia, si aliqui essent omittentes octavum diem, postea poterant
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4220 circumcidi. Quidam etiam dicunt quod, propter periculum imminentis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4221 mortis, poterat octavus dies praeveniri. Sed hoc nec ex auctoritate
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4222 Scripturae, nec ex consuetudine Iudaeorum haberi potest. Unde
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4223 melius est dicendum, sicut etiam Hugo de sancto Victore dicit, quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4224 octavus dies nulla necessitate praeveniebatur. Unde super illud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4225 Prov. IV, <i>unigenitus eram coram matre mea</i>, dicit Glossa quod
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diff changeset
4226 alius Bersabee parvulus non computabatur, quia, ante octavum diem
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diff changeset
4227 mortuus, nominatus non fuit; et per consequens nec circumcisus.</p>
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diff changeset
4228 <br />
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diff changeset
4229 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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diff changeset
4230 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="50265"><span class=
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diff changeset
4231 "ref">[50265] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
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diff changeset
4232 proceditur. Videtur quod circumcisio non conferebat gratiam
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diff changeset
4233 iustificantem. Dicit enim apostolus, Galat. II, <i>si ex lege est
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diff changeset
4234 iustitia, Christus gratis mortuus est</i>, idest sine causa. Sed
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diff changeset
4235 circumcisio erat quaedam obligatio legis implendae, secundum illud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4236 Galat. V, <i>testificor omni homini circumcidenti se quoniam
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diff changeset
4237 debitor est universae legis faciendae</i>. Ergo, si ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4238 circumcisione est iustitia, Christus gratis, idest sine causa,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4239 mortuus est. Sed hoc est inconveniens. Non ergo ex circumcisione
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diff changeset
4240 erat gratia iustificans a peccato.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4241 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="50266"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4242 "ref">[50266] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
4243 ante institutionem circumcisionis sola fides ad iustificationem
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diff changeset
4244 sufficiebat, dicit enim Gregorius, in Moral., <i>quod apud nos
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diff changeset
4245 valet aqua Baptismatis, hoc egit apud veteres pro parvulis sola
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4246 fides</i>. Sed virtus fidei non est imminuta propter mandatum
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diff changeset
4247 circumcisionis. Ergo sola fides parvulos iustificabat, et non
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diff changeset
4248 circumcisio.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4249 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="50267"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4250 "ref">[50267] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
4251 Iosue V legitur quod <i>populus qui natus est in deserto per
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diff changeset
4252 quadraginta annos, incircumcisus fuit</i>. Si ergo per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4253 circumcisionem auferebatur peccatum originale, videtur quod omnes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4254 qui in deserto mortui sunt, tam parvuli quam adulti, fuerint
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diff changeset
4255 damnati. Et eadem obiectio est de pueris qui moriebantur ante
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4256 octavum diem circumcisionis, qui praeveniri non debebat, sicut
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diff changeset
4257 dictum est.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4258 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 arg. 4"><a name="50268"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4259 "ref">[50268] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
4260 nihil impedit introitum regni caelestis nisi peccatum. Sed
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4261 circumcisi ante passionem impediebantur ab introitu regni
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diff changeset
4262 caelestis. Non ergo per circumcisionem homines iustificabantur a
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diff changeset
4263 peccato.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4264 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 arg. 5"><a name="50269"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4265 "ref">[50269] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 arg. 5</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4266 peccatum originale non dimittitur sine actuali, quia <i>impium est
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diff changeset
4267 a Deo dimidiam sperare veniam</i>, ut Augustinus dicit. Sed nunquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4268 legitur quod per circumcisionem remitteretur actuale peccatum. Ergo
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diff changeset
4269 neque etiam originale per eam dimittebatur.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4270 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 s. c."><a name="50270"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4271 "ref">[50270] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4272 quod Augustinus dicit, ad Valerium contra Iulianum, <i>ex quo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4273 instituta est circumcisio in populo Dei, quod erat signaculum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4274 iustitiae fidei, ad sanctificationem purgationis valebat parvulis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4275 originalis veterisque peccati, sicut etiam Baptismus ex illo coepit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4276 valere tempore ad innovationem hominis, ex quo institutus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4277 est</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
4278 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 co."><a name="50271"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4279 "ref">[50271] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4280 dicendum quod ab omnibus communiter ponitur quod in circumcisione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4281 originale peccatum remittebatur. Quidam tamen dicebant quod non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4282 conferebatur gratia, sed solum remittebatur peccatum. Quod Magister
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4283 ponit in I dist. IV Sent., et Rom. IV in Glossa. Sed hoc non potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4284 esse, quia culpa non remittitur nisi per gratiam, secundum illud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4285 Rom. III, <i>iustificati gratis per gratiam ipsius,</i> et cetera.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4286 Et ideo alii dixerunt quod per circumcisionem conferebatur gratia
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4287 quantum ad effectus remissionis culpae, sed non quantum ad effectus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4288 positivos, ne dicere cogerentur quod gratia in circumcisione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4289 collata sufficiebat ad implendum mandata legis, et ita superfluus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4290 fuit adventus Christi. Sed etiam haec positio stare non potest.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4291 Primo quidem, quia per circumcisionem dabatur pueris facultas suo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4292 tempore perveniendi ad gloriam, quae est ultimus effectus positivus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4293 gratiae. Secundo, quia priores sunt naturaliter, secundum ordinem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4294 causae formalis, effectus positivi quam privativi, licet secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4295 ordinem causae materialis sit e converso, forma enim non excludit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4296 privationem nisi informando subiectum. Et ideo alii dixerunt quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4297 in circumcisione conferebatur gratia etiam quantum ad aliquem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4298 effectum positivum, qui est facere dignum vita aeterna, sed non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4299 quantum ad omnes effectus, quia non sufficiebat reprimere
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4300 concupiscentiam fomitis, nec etiam ad implendum mandata legis. Quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4301 etiam aliquando mihi visum est. Sed diligenter consideranti apparet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4302 quod non est verum. Quia minima gratia potest resistere cuilibet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4303 concupiscentiae, et vitare omne peccatum mortale, quod committitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4304 in transgressione mandatorum legis, minima enim caritas plus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4305 diligit Deum quam cupiditas millia auri et argenti. Et ideo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4306 dicendum quod in circumcisione conferebatur gratia quantum ad omnes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4307 gratiae effectus, aliter tamen quam in Baptismo. Nam in Baptismo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4308 confertur gratia ex virtute ipsius Baptismi, quam habet inquantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4309 est instrumentum passionis Christi iam perfectae. Circumcisio autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4310 conferebat gratiam inquantum erat signum fidei passionis Christi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4311 futurae, ita scilicet quod homo qui accipiebat circumcisionem,
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diff changeset
4312 profitebatur se suscipere talem fidem; vel adultus pro se, vel
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diff changeset
4313 alius pro parvulis. Unde et apostolus dicit, Rom. IV, quod
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diff changeset
4314 <i>Abraham accepit signum circumcisionis, signaculum iustitiae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4315 fidei</i>, quia scilicet iustitia ex fide erat significata, non ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4316 circumcisione significante. Et quia Baptismus operatur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4317 instrumentaliter in virtute passionis Christi, non autem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4318 circumcisio, ideo Baptismus imprimit characterem incorporantem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4319 hominem Christo, et copiosiorem gratiam confert quam circumcisio,
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diff changeset
4320 maior enim est effectus rei iam praesentis quam spei.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4321 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="50272"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4322 "ref">[50272] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4323 dicendum quod ratio illa procederet si ex circumcisione esset
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diff changeset
4324 iustitia aliter quam per fidem passionis Christi.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4325 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="50273"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4326 "ref">[50273] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4327 dicendum quod, sicut ante institutionem circumcisionis fides
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4328 Christi futuri iustificabat tam pueros quam adultos, ita et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4329 circumcisione data. Sed antea non requirebatur aliquod signum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4330 protestativum huius fidei, quia nondum homines fideles seorsum ab
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4331 infidelibus coeperant adunari ad cultum unius Dei. Probabile tamen
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diff changeset
4332 est quod parentes fideles pro parvulis natis, et maxime in periculo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4333 existentibus, aliquas preces Deo funderent, vel aliquam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4334 benedictionem eis adhiberent, quod erat quoddam signaculum fidei,
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diff changeset
4335 sicut adulti pro seipsis preces et sacrificia offerebant.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4336 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="50274"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4337 "ref">[50274] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4338 dicendum quod populus in deserto praetermittens mandatum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4339 circumcisionis excusabatur, tum quia nesciebant quando castra
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4340 movebantur; tum quia, ut Damascenus dicit, non necesse erat eos
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4341 aliquod signum distinctionis habere quando seorsum ab aliis populis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4342 habitabant. Et tamen, ut Augustinus dicit, inobedientiam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4343 incurrebant qui ex contemptu praetermittebant. Videtur tamen quod
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diff changeset
4344 nulli incircumcisi mortui fuerint in deserto, quia in Psalmo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4345 dicitur, <i>non erat in tribubus eorum infirmus</i>, sed illi soli
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diff changeset
4346 videntur mortui in deserto qui fuerant in Aegypto circumcisi. Si
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4347 tamen aliqui ibi incircumcisi mortui sunt, eadem ratio est de his
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diff changeset
4348 et de his qui moriebantur ante circumcisionis institutionem. Quod
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diff changeset
4349 etiam intelligendum est de pueris qui moriebantur ante octavum diem
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diff changeset
4350 tempore legis.</p>
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diff changeset
4351 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 ad 4"><a name="50275"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4352 "ref">[50275] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4353 dicendum quod in circumcisione auferebatur originale peccatum ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4354 parte personae, remanebat tamen impedimentum intrandi in regnum
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diff changeset
4355 caelorum ex parte totius naturae, quod fuit sublatum per passionem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4356 Christi. Et ideo etiam Baptismus ante passionem Christi non
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4357 introducebat in regnum. Sed circumcisio, si haberet locum post
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4358 passionem Christi, introduceret in regnum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4359 <p title="III q. 70 a. 4 ad 5"><a name="50276"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4360 "ref">[50276] III&ordf; q. 70 a. 4 ad 5</span></a> Ad quintum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4361 dicendum quod adulti, quando circumcidebantur, consequebantur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4362 remissionem non solum originalis, sed etiam actualium peccatorum,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4363 non tamen ita quod liberarentur ab omni reatu poenae, sicut in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4364 Baptismo, in quo confertur copiosior gratia.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4365 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4366 <div class="D">Quaestio 71</div>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4367 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4368 <p title="III q. 71 pr."><a name="50277"><span class="ref">[50277]
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4369 III&ordf; q. 71 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4370 praeparatoriis quae simul currunt cum Baptismo. Et circa hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4371 quaeruntur quatuor. Primo, utrum catechismus debeat praecedere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4372 Baptismum. Secundo, utrum Baptismum debeat praecedere exorcismus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4373 Tertio, utrum ea quae aguntur in catechismo et exorcismo aliquid
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4374 efficiant, vel solum significent. Quarto, utrum baptizandi debeant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4375 catechizari vel exorcizari per sacerdotes.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4376 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4377 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4378 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="50278"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4379 "ref">[50278] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4380 proceditur. Videtur quod catechismus non debeat praecedere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4381 Baptismum. Per Baptismum enim regenerantur homines ad vitam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4382 spiritualem. Sed prius accipit homo vitam quam doctrinam. Non ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4383 prius debet homo catechizari, idest doceri, quam baptizari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4384 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="50279"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4385 "ref">[50279] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4386 Baptismus exhibetur non solum adultis, sed etiam pueris, qui non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4387 sunt doctrinae perceptibiles, eo quod non habent usum rationis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4388 Ergo ridiculum est eos catechizari.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4389 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="50280"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4390 "ref">[50280] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4391 catechismo confitetur catechizatus suam fidem. Confiteri autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4392 fidem suam non potest puer, neque per seipsum, neque etiam aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4393 alius pro eo, tum quia nullus potest alium ad aliquid obligare; tum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4394 quia non potest aliquis scire utrum puer, cum ad legitimam aetatem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4395 pervenerit, assentiat fidei. Non ergo debet catechismus praecedere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4396 Baptismum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4397 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 s. c."><a name="50281"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4398 "ref">[50281] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4399 quod Rabanus, de institutione clericorum, dicit, <i>ante Baptismum,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4400 catechizandi debet hominem praevenire officium, ut fidei primum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4401 catechumenus accipiat rudimentum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4402 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 co."><a name="50282"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4403 "ref">[50282] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4404 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, Baptismus est fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4405 sacramentum, cum sit quaedam professio fidei Christianae. Ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4406 autem quod aliquis fidem accipiat, requiritur quod de fide
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4407 instruatur, secundum illud Rom. X, <i>quomodo credent quem non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4408 audierunt? Quomodo autem audient sine praedicante?</i> Et ideo ante
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4409 Baptismum convenienter praecedit catechismus. Unde et dominus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4410 praeceptum baptizandi discipulis tradens, praemittit doctrinam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4411 Baptismo, dicens, <i>euntes, docete omnes gentes, baptizantes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4412 eos,</i> et cetera.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4413 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="50283"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4414 "ref">[50283] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4415 dicendum quod vita gratiae, in qua regeneratur aliquis,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4416 praesupponit vitam naturae rationalis, in qua potest homo particeps
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4417 esse doctrinae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4418 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="50284"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4419 "ref">[50284] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4420 dicendum quod, sicut mater Ecclesia, ut supra dictum est,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4421 accommodat pueris baptizandis <i>aliorum pedes ut veniant, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4422 aliorum cor ut credant</i>, ita etiam accommodat eis aliorum aures
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4423 ut audiant, et intellectum ut per alios instruantur. Et ideo eadem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4424 ratione sunt catechizandi qua sunt baptizandi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4425 <p title="III q. 71 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="50285"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4426 "ref">[50285] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4427 dicendum quod ille qui pro puero baptizato respondet, credo, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4428 praedicit puerum crediturum cum ad legitimos annos pervenerit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4429 alioquin diceret, credet, sed profitetur fidem Ecclesiae in persona
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4430 pueri, cui communicatur, cuius sacramentum ei attribuitur, et ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4431 quam obligatur per alium. Non est enim inconveniens quod aliquis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4432 obligetur per alium in his quae sunt de necessitate salutis.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4433 Similiter etiam patrinus pro puero respondens promittit se operam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4434 daturum ad hoc quod puer credat. Quod tamen non sufficeret in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4435 adultis usum rationis habentibus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4436 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4437 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4438 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="50286"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4439 "ref">[50286] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4440 sic proceditur. Videtur quod exorcismus non debeat praecedere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4441 Baptismum. Exorcismus enim est contra energumenos, idest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4442 arreptitios, ordinatus. Sed non omnes sunt tales. Ergo exorcismus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4443 non debet praecedere Baptismum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4444 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="50287"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4445 "ref">[50287] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4446 quandiu homo subiacet peccato, Diabolus in eo potestatem habet, ut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4447 dicitur Ioan. VIII, <i>qui facit peccatum, servus est peccati</i>.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4448 Sed peccatum tollitur per Baptismum. Non ergo ante Baptismum sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4449 homines exorcizandi.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4450 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="50288"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4451 "ref">[50288] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4452 arcendum Daemonum potestatem est introducta aqua benedicta. Non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4453 ergo ad hoc oportebat aliud remedium adhiberi per exorcismos.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4454 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 s. c."><a name="50289"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4455 "ref">[50289] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4456 quod Caelestinus Papa dicit, <i>sive parvuli sive iuvenes ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4457 regenerationis veniant sacramentum, non prius fontem vitae adeant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4458 quam exorcismis et exsufflationibus clericorum spiritus immundus ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4459 eis abiiciatur</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4460 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 co."><a name="50290"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4461 "ref">[50290] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4462 dicendum quod quicumque opus aliquod sapienter facere proponit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4463 prius removet impedimenta sui operis, unde dicitur Ierem. IV,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4464 <i>novate vobis novale, et nolite serere super spinas</i>. Diabolus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4465 autem hostis est humanae salutis, quae homini per Baptismum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4466 acquiritur; et habet potestatem aliquam in homine ex hoc ipso quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4467 subditur originali peccato, vel etiam actuali. Unde etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4468 convenienter ante Baptismum expelluntur Daemones per exorcismos, ne
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4469 salutem hominis impediant. Quam quidem expulsionem significat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4470 exsufflatio. Benedictio autem, cum manus impositione, praecludit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4471 expulso viam ne redire possit. Sal autem in os missum, et narium et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4472 aurium sputo linitio, significat receptionem doctrinae fidei
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4473 quantum ad aures, et approbationem quantum ad nares, et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4474 confessionem quantum ad os. Olei vero inunctio significat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4475 aptitudinem hominis ad pugnandum contra Daemones.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4476 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="50291"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4477 "ref">[50291] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4478 dicendum quod energumeni dicuntur quasi interius laborantes
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4479 extrinseca operatione Diaboli. Et quamvis non omnes accedentes ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4480 Baptismum corporaliter ab eo vexentur, omnes tamen non baptizati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4481 potestati Daemonum subiiciuntur, saltem propter reatum originalis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4482 peccati.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4483 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="50292"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4484 "ref">[50292] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4485 dicendum quod in Baptismo per ablutionem excluditur potestas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4486 Daemonis ab homine quantum ad hoc quod impedit eum a perceptione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4487 gloriae. Sed exorcismi excludunt potestatem Daemonis inquantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4488 impedit hominem a perceptione sacramenti.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4489 <p title="III q. 71 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="50293"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4490 "ref">[50293] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4491 dicendum quod aqua benedicta datur contra impugnationes Daemonum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4492 quae sunt ab exteriori. Sed exorcismus ordinatur contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4493 impugnationes Daemonum quae sunt ab interiori, unde, energumeni
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4494 dicuntur, quasi interius laborantes, illi qui exorcizantur. Vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4495 dicendum quod, sicut remedium contra peccatum secundo datur
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4496 poenitentia, quia Baptismus non iteratur; ita in remedium contra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4497 impugnationes Daemonum secundo datur aqua benedicta, quia exorcismi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4498 baptismales non iterantur.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4499 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4500 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4501 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="50294"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4502 "ref">[50294] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4503 proceditur. Videtur quod ea quae aguntur in exorcismo non efficiant
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4504 aliquid, sed solum significent. Si enim puer post exorcismos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4505 moriatur ante Baptismum, salutem non consequitur. Sed ad hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4506 ordinatur effectus eorum quae in sacramentis aguntur, ut homo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4507 consequatur salutem, unde et Marc. ult. dicitur, <i>qui crediderit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4508 et baptizatus fuerit, salvus erit</i>. Ergo ea quae aguntur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4509 exorcismo nihil efficiunt, sed solum significant.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4510 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="50295"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4511 "ref">[50295] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4512 solum requiritur ad sacramentum novae legis ut sit signum et causa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4513 sicut supra dictum est. Si ergo ea quae aguntur in exorcismo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4514 aliquid efficiant, videtur quod singula sint quaedam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4515 sacramenta.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4516 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="50296"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4517 "ref">[50296] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4518 sicut exorcismus ordinatur ad Baptismum, ita, si aliquid in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4519 exorcismo efficitur, ordinatur ad effectum Baptismi. Sed dispositio
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4520 ex necessitate praecedit formam perfectam, quia forma non recipitur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4521 nisi in materia disposita. Sequeretur ergo quod nullus posset
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4522 consequi effectum Baptismi nisi prius exorcizatus, quod patet esse
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4523 falsum. Non ergo ea quae aguntur in exorcismis aliquem effectum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4524 habent.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4525 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 arg. 4"><a name="50297"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4526 "ref">[50297] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4527 sicut quaedam aguntur in exorcismo ante Baptismum, ita etiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4528 quaedam aguntur post Baptismum, sicut quod sacerdos baptizatum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4529 ungit in vertice. Sed ea quae post Baptismum aguntur non videntur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4530 aliquid efficere, quia secundum hoc, effectus Baptismi esset
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4531 imperfectus. Ergo nec ea quae ante Baptismum aguntur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4532 exorcismo.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4533 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 s. c."><a name="50298"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4534 "ref">[50298] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4535 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de symbolo, <i>parvuli exsufflantur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4536 et exorcizantur, ut pellatur ab eis Diaboli potestas inimica, quae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4537 decepit hominem</i>. Nihil autem agitur frustra per Ecclesiam. Ergo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4538 per huiusmodi exsufflationes hoc agitur ut Daemonum potestas
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4539 expellatur.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4540 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 co."><a name="50299"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4541 "ref">[50299] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4542 dicendum quod quidam dicunt ea quae in exorcismo aguntur nihil
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4543 efficere, sed solum significare. Sed hoc patet esse falsum, per hoc
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4544 quod Ecclesia in exorcismis imperativis verbis utitur ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4545 expellendum Daemonis potestatem, puta cum dicit, <i>ergo, maledicte
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4546 Diabole, exi ab eo,</i> et cetera. Et ideo dicendum est quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4547 aliquem effectum habent, differenter tamen ab ipso Baptismo. Nam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4548 per Baptismum datur homini gratia ad plenam remissionem culparum.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4549 Per ea vero quae in exorcismo aguntur, excluditur duplex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4550 impedimentum gratiae salutaris percipiendae. Quorum unum est
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4551 impedimentum extrinsecum, prout Daemones salutem hominis impedire
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4552 conantur. Et hoc impedimentum excluditur per exsufflationes, quibus
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4553 potestas Daemonis repellitur, ut patet ex inducta auctoritate
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4554 Augustini, quantum scilicet ad hoc quod non praestet impedimentum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4555 sacramento suscipiendo. Manet tamen potestas Daemonis in homine
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4556 quantum ad maculam peccati et reatum poenae, quousque peccatum per
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4557 Baptismum tollatur. Et secundum hoc Cyprianus dicit, <i>scias
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4558 Diaboli nequitiam posse remanere usque ad aquam salutarem, in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4559 Baptismo autem omnem nequitiam amittere</i>. Aliud autem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4560 impedimentum est intrinsecum, prout scilicet homo ex infectione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4561 originalis peccati habet sensus praeclusos ad percipienda salutis
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4562 mysteria. Unde Rabanus, de institutione clericorum, dicit quod
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4563 <i>per salivam typicam et sacerdotis tactum sapientia et virtus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4564 divina salutem catechumenis operatur, ut aperiantur eis nares ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4565 recipiendum odorem notitiae Dei, ut aperiantur aures ad audiendum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4566 mandata Dei, ut aperiantur illis sensus in intimo corde ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4567 respondendum</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4568 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="50300"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4569 "ref">[50300] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4570 dicendum quod per ea quae aguntur in exorcismo non tollitur culpa,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4571 propter quam homo punitur post mortem, sed solum tolluntur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4572 impedimenta recipiendi remissionem culpae per sacramentum. Unde
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4573 post mortem exorcismus non valet sine Baptismo. Praepositinus autem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4574 dicit quod pueri exorcizati, si moriantur ante Baptismum, minores
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4575 tenebras patientur. Sed hoc non videtur verum, quia tenebrae illae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4576 sunt carentia divinae visionis, quae non recipit magis et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4577 minus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4578 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="50301"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4579 "ref">[50301] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4580 dicendum quod de ratione sacramenti est quod perficiat principalem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4581 effectum, qui est gratia remittens culpam, vel supplens aliquem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4582 hominis defectum. Quod quidem non fit per ea quae aguntur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4583 exorcismo, sed solum huiusmodi impedimenta tolluntur. Et ideo non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4584 sunt sacramenta, sed sacramentalia quaedam.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4585 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="50302"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4586 "ref">[50302] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4587 dicendum quod dispositio sufficiens ad suscipiendam gratiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4588 baptismalem est fides et intentio, vel propria eius qui baptizatur,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4589 si sit adultus, vel Ecclesiae, si sit parvulus. Ea vero quae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4590 aguntur in exorcismo, ordinantur ad removendum impedimenta. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4591 sine eis potest aliquis consequi effectum Baptismi. Non tamen sunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4592 huiusmodi praetermittenda, nisi in necessitatis articulo. Et tunc,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4593 cessante periculo, debent suppleri, ut servetur uniformitas in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4594 Baptismo. Nec frustra supplentur post Baptismum, quia, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4595 impeditur effectus Baptismi antequam percipiatur, ita potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4596 impediri postquam fuerit perceptus.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4597 <p title="III q. 71 a. 3 ad 4"><a name="50303"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4598 "ref">[50303] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 3 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4599 dicendum quod eorum quae aguntur post Baptismum circa baptizatum,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4600 aliquid est quod non solum significat, sed efficit, puta inunctio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4601 quae fit in vertice, quae operatur conservationem gratiae
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4602 baptismalis. Aliquid autem est quod nihil efficit, sed solum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4603 significat, sicut quod datur eis vestis candida, ad significandam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4604 novitatem vitae.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4605 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4606 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4607 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="50304"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4608 "ref">[50304] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4609 proceditur. Videtur quod non sit sacerdotis catechizare et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4610 exorcizare baptizandum. Ad officium enim ministrorum pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4611 habere operationem super immundos, ut Dionysius, V cap. Eccl.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4612 Hier., dicit. Sed catechumeni, qui instruuntur in catechismo, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4613 energumeni, qui purgantur in exorcismo, computantur inter immundos,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4614 ut Dionysius ibidem dicit. Ergo catechizare et exorcizare non
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4615 pertinet ad officium sacerdotis, sed potius ministrorum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4616 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="50305"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4617 "ref">[50305] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4618 catechumeni instruuntur de fide per sacram Scripturam, quae in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4619 Ecclesia per ministros recitatur, sicut enim per lectores in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4620 Ecclesia legitur vetus testamentum, ita etiam per diacones et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4621 subdiacones legitur novum. Et sic ad ministros pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4622 catechizare. Similiter etiam et exorcizare, ut videtur, ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4623 ministros pertinet. Dicit enim Isidorus, in quadam epistola, <i>ad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4624 exorcistam pertinet exorcismos memoriter retinere, manusque super
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4625 energumenos et catechumenos in exorcismo imponere</i>. Non ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4626 pertinet ad officium sacerdotis catechizare et exorcizare.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4627 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="50306"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4628 "ref">[50306] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4629 catechizare idem est quod docere, et hoc idem est quod perficere.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4630 Quod ad officium episcoporum pertinet, ut dicit Dionysius, V cap.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4631 Eccl. Hier. Non ergo pertinet ad officium sacerdotis.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4632 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 s. c."><a name="50307"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4633 "ref">[50307] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4634 quod Nicolaus Papa dicit, <i>catechismi baptizandorum a
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4635 sacerdotibus uniuscuiusque Ecclesiae fieri possunt</i>. Gregorius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4636 etiam, super Ezech., dicit, <i>sacerdotes, cum per exorcismi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4637 gratiam manum credentibus imponunt, quid aliud faciunt nisi quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4638 Daemonia eiiciuntur</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4639 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 co."><a name="50308"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4640 "ref">[50308] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4641 dicendum quod minister comparatur ad sacerdotem sicut secundarium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4642 et instrumentale agens ad principale, ut indicat ipsum nomen
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4643 ministri. Agens autem secundarium non agit sine principali agente
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4644 in operando. Quanto autem operatio est potior, tanto principale
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4645 agens indiget potioribus instrumentis. Potior autem est operatio
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4646 sacerdotis inquantum confert ipsum sacramentum, quam in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4647 praeparatoriis ad sacramentum. Et ideo supremi ministri, qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4648 dicuntur diacones, cooperantur sacerdoti in ipsa collatione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4649 sacramentorum, dicit enim Isidorus quod <i>ad diaconum pertinet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4650 assistere sacerdotibus et ministrare in omnibus quae aguntur in
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4651 sacramentis Christi, in Baptismo scilicet, in chrismate, patena et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4652 calice</i>. Inferiores autem ministri cooperantur sacerdoti in his
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4653 quae sunt praeparatoria ad sacramenta, sicut lectores in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4654 catechismo, exorcistae in exorcismo.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4655 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="50309"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4656 "ref">[50309] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4657 dicendum quod super immundos ministri habent operationem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4658 ministerialem et quasi instrumentalem, sed sacerdos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4659 principalem.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4660 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="50310"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4661 "ref">[50310] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4662 dicendum quod lectores et exorcistae habent officium catechizandi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4663 et exorcizandi, non quidem principaliter, sed sicut in his
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4664 sacerdoti ministrantes.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4665 <p title="III q. 71 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="50311"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4666 "ref">[50311] III&ordf; q. 71 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4667 dicendum quod multiplex est instructio. Una conversiva ad fidem.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4668 Quam Dionysius attribuit episcopo, in II cap. Eccl. Hier., et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4669 potest competere cuilibet praedicatori, vel etiam cuilibet fideli.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4670 Secunda est instructio qua quis eruditur de fidei rudimentis, et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4671 qualiter se debeat habere in susceptione sacramentorum. Et haec
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4672 pertinet secundario quidem ad ministros, principaliter autem ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4673 sacerdotes. Tertia est instructio de conversatione Christianae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4674 vitae. Et haec pertinet ad patrinos. Quarta est instructio de
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4675 profundis mysteriis fidei, et perfectione Christianae vitae. Et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4676 haec ex officio pertinet ad episcopos.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4677 <div class="centro"><br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4678 <p><a href="sth4060.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
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diff changeset
4679 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a> &nbsp;
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4680 <a href="sth4072.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4681 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4682 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4683 <hr />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4684 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4685 <address>&copy; 2006 Fundaci&oacute;n Tom&aacute;s de Aquino quoad
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4686 hanc editionem<br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4687 Iura omnia asservantur<br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
4688 OCLC nr. <a href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264"
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4689 style="text-decoration=none">49644264</a></address>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4690 </div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
4691 </body>
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diff changeset
4692 </html>