--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/lisp/efs/dired.el	Mon Aug 13 08:50:29 2007 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,6439 @@
+ ; -*- Emacs-Lisp -*-
+;; DIRED commands for Emacs.
+;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;
+;; File:          dired.el
+;; RCS:           
+;; Dired Version: $Revision: 1.1 $
+;; Description:   The DIRectory EDitor is for manipulating, and running
+;;                commands on files in a directory.
+;; Authors:       FSF,
+;;                Sebastian Kremer <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de>,
+;;                Sandy Rutherford <sandy@ibm550.sissa.it>
+;;                Cast of thousands...
+;;
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;; GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
+;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+;; Rewritten in 1990/1991 to add tree features, file marking and
+;; sorting by Sebastian Kremer <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de>.
+;; 7-1993: Added special features for efs interaction and upgraded to Emacs 19.
+;;         Sandy Rutherford <sandy@ibm550.sissa.it>
+
+;;; Dired Version
+
+(defconst dired-version (substring "$Revision: 1.1 $" 11 -2)
+  "The revision number of Tree Dired (as a string).
+
+Don't forget to mention this when reporting bugs to:
+   
+   efs-bugs@cuckoo.hpl.hp.com")
+
+;; Global key bindings:
+;; --------------------
+;;
+;; By convention, dired uses the following global key-bindings.
+;; These may or may not already be set up in your local emacs. If not
+;; then you will need to add them to your .emacs file, or the system
+;; default.el file. We don't set them automatically here, as users may
+;; have individual preferences.
+;;
+;; (define-key ctl-x-map "d" 'dired)
+;; (define-key ctl-x-4-map "d" 'dired-other-window)
+;; (define-key ctl-x-map "\C-j" 'dired-jump-back)
+;; (define-key ctl-x-4-map "\C-j" 'dired-jump-back-other-window)
+;; 
+;; For V19 emacs only. (Make sure that the ctl-x-5-map exists.)
+;; (define-key ctl-x-5-map "d" 'dired-other-frame)
+;; (define-key Ctl-x-5-map "\C-j" 'dired-jump-back-other-frame)
+
+
+;;; Grok the current emacs version
+;;
+;; Hopefully these two variables provide us with enough version sensitivity.
+
+;; Make sure that we have a frame-width function
+(or (fboundp 'frame-width) (fset 'frame-width 'screen-width))
+
+;;; Requirements and provisions
+
+(provide 'dired)
+(require 'backquote) ; For macros.
+
+;; Compatibility requirements for the file-name-handler-alist.
+(let ((lucid-p (string-match "Lucid" emacs-version))
+      ver subver)
+  (or (string-match "^\\([0-9]+\\)\\.\\([0-9]+\\)" emacs-version)
+      (error "dired does not work with emacs version %s" emacs-version))
+  (setq ver (string-to-int (substring emacs-version (match-beginning 1)
+				      (match-end 1)))
+	subver (string-to-int (substring emacs-version (match-beginning 2)
+					 (match-end 2))))
+  (cond
+   ((= ver 18)
+    (require 'emacs-19)
+    (require 'fn-handler))
+   ((and (= ver 19) (if lucid-p (< subver 10) (< subver 23)))
+    (require 'fn-handler))
+   ((< ver 18)
+    (error "dired does not work with emacs version %s" emacs-version))))
+
+;; Load default-dir last, because we want its interactive specs.
+(require 'default-dir)
+
+
+;;;;----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Customizable variables
+;;;;----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;
+;; The funny comments are for autoload.el, to automagically update
+;; loaddefs.
+
+;;; Variables for compressing files.
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-compression-method 'compress
+  "*Type of compression program to use.
+Give as a symbol.
+Currently-recognized methods are: gzip pack compact compress.
+To change this variable use \\[dired-do-compress] with a zero prefix.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-compression-method-alist
+  '((gzip     ".gz" ("gzip")          ("gzip" "-d") "-f")
+    ;; Put compress before pack, so that it wins out if we are using
+    ;; efs to work on a case insensitive OS. The -f flag does
+    ;; two things in compress. No harm in giving it twice.
+    (compress ".Z"  ("compress" "-f") ("compress" "-d") "-f")
+    ;; pack support may not work well.  pack is too chatty and there is no way
+    ;; to force overwrites.
+    (pack     ".z"  ("pack" "-f")     ("unpack"))
+    (compact  ".C"  ("compact")       ("uncompact")))
+  
+  "*Association list of compression method descriptions.
+ Each element of the table should be a list of the form
+ 
+     \(compress-type extension (compress-args) (decompress-args) force-flag\)
+ 
+ where 
+   `compress-type' is a unique symbol in the alist to which
+      `dired-compression-method' can be set;
+   `extension' is the file extension (as a string) used by files compressed
+      by this method;
+   `compress-args' is a list of the path of the compression program and
+      flags to pass as separate arguments;
+   `decompress-args' is a list of the path of the decompression
+      program and flags to pass as separate arguments.
+   `force-flag' is the switch to pass to the command to force overwriting
+      of existing files.
+ 
+ For example:
+ 
+   \(setq dired-compresssion-method-alist
+         \(cons '\(frobnicate \".frob\" \(\"frob\"\) \(\"frob\" \"-d\"\) \"-f\"\)
+               dired-compression-method-alist\)\)
+   => \(\(frobnicate \".frob\" \(\"frob\"\) \(\"frob\" \"-d\"\)\) 
+       \(gzip \".gz\" \(\"gzip\"\) \(\"gunzip\"\)\)
+       ...\)
+ 
+ See also: dired-compression-method <V>")
+
+;;; Variables for the ls program.
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-ls-program "ls"
+  "*Absolute or relative name of the ls program used by dired.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-listing-switches "-al"
+  "*Switches passed to ls for dired. MUST contain the `l' option.
+Can contain even `F', `b', `i' and `s'.")
+
+(defvar dired-ls-F-marks-symlinks
+  (memq system-type '(aix-v3 hpux silicon-graphics-unix))
+  ;; Both SunOS and Ultrix have system-type berkeley-unix. But
+  ;; SunOS doesn't mark symlinks, but Ultrix does. Therefore,
+  ;; can't grok this case.
+  "*Informs dired about how ls -lF marks symbolic links.
+Set this to t if `dired-ls-program' with -lF marks the name of the symbolic
+link itself with a trailing @.
+
+For example: If foo is a link pointing to bar, and \"ls -F bar\" gives 
+
+     ...   bar -> foo
+
+set this variable to nil. If it gives
+    
+      ...   bar@ -> foo
+
+set this variable to t.
+
+Dired checks if there is really a @ appended.  Thus, if you have a
+marking ls program on one host and a non-marking on another host, and
+don't care about symbolic links which really end in a @, you can
+always set this variable to t.
+
+If you use efs, it will make this variable buffer-local, and control
+it according to its assessment of how the remote host marks symbolic
+links.")
+
+(defvar dired-show-ls-switches nil
+  "*If non-nil dired will show the dired ls switches on the modeline.
+If nil, it will indicate how the files are sorted by either \"by name\" or
+\"by date\". If it is unable to recognize the sorting defined by the switches,
+then the switches will be shown explicitly on the modeline, regardless of the
+setting of this variable.")
+
+;;; Variables for other unix utility programs.
+
+;; For most program names, don't use absolute paths so that dired
+;; uses the user's value of the environment variable PATH. chown is
+;; an exception as it is not always in the PATH.
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-chown-program
+  (if (memq system-type '(hpux dgux usg-unix-v)) "chown" "/etc/chown")
+  "*Name of chown command (usully `chown' or `/etc/chown').")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-gnutar-program nil
+  "*If non-nil, name of the GNU tar executable (e.g. \"tar\" or \"gnutar\").
+GNU tar's `z' switch is used for compressed tar files.
+If you don't have GNU tar, set this to nil: a pipe using `zcat' is then used.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-unshar-program nil
+  "*Set to the name of the unshar program, if you have it.")
+
+;;; Markers
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-rename t
+  ;; Use t as default so that moved files `take their markers with them'
+    "*Controls marking of renamed files.
+If t, files keep their previous marks when they are renamed.
+If a character, renamed files (whether previously marked or not)
+are afterward marked with that character.")
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-compress t
+  "*Controls marking of compressed or uncompressed files.
+If t, files keep their previous marks when they are compressed.
+If a character, compressed or uncompressed files (whether previously
+marked or not) are afterward marked with that character.")
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-uucode ?U
+  "*Controls marking of uuencoded or uudecoded files.
+If t, files keep their previous marks when they are uuencoded.
+If a character, uuencoded or uudecoded files (whether previously
+marked or not) are afterward marked with that character.")
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-copy ?C
+  "*Controls marking of copied files.
+If t, copied files are marked if and as the corresponding original files were.
+If a character, copied files are unconditionally marked with that character.")
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-hardlink ?H
+  "*Controls marking of newly made hard links.
+If t, they are marked if and as the files linked to were marked.
+If a character, new links are unconditionally marked with that character.")
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-symlink ?S
+  "*Controls marking of newly made symbolic links.
+If t, they are marked if and as the files linked to were marked.
+If a character, new links are unconditionally marked with that character.")
+
+(defvar dired-keep-marker-kill ?K
+  "*When killed file lines are redisplayed, they will have this marker.
+Setting this to nil means that they will not have any marker.")
+
+(defvar dired-failed-marker-shell ?!
+  "*If non-nil, a character with which to mark files of failed shell commands.
+Applies to the command `dired-do-shell-command'.  Files for which the shell
+command has a nonzero exit status will be marked with this character")
+
+;;; Behavioral Variables
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-local-variables-file ".dired"
+  "*If non-nil, filename for local variables for Dired.
+If Dired finds a file with that name in the current directory, it will
+temporarily insert it into the dired buffer and run `hack-local-variables'.
+
+Type \\[info] and `g' `(emacs)File Variables' `RET' for more info on
+local variables.")
+
+;; Usually defined in files.el. Define here anyway, to be safe.
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-kept-versions 2
+  "*When cleaning directory, number of versions to keep.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-find-subdir nil
+  "*Determines whether dired tries to lookup a subdir in existing buffers.
+If non-nil, dired does not make a new buffer for a directory if it can be
+found (perhaps as subdir) in some existing dired buffer. If there are several
+dired buffers for a directory, then the most recently used one is chosen.
+
+Dired avoids switching to the current buffer, so that if you have
+a normal and a wildcard buffer for the same directory, C-x d RET will
+toggle between those two.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-use-file-transformers t
+  "*Determines whether dired uses file transformers.
+If non-nil `dired-do-shell-command' will apply file transformers to file names.
+See \\[describe-function] for dired-do-shell-command for more information.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-dwim-target nil
+  "*If non-nil, dired tries to guess a default target directory.
+This means that if there is a dired buffer displayed in the next window,
+use its current subdir, instead of the current subdir of this dired buffer.
+The target is put in the prompt for file copy, rename, etc.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-copy-preserve-time nil
+  "*If non-nil, Dired preserves the last-modified time in a file copy.
+\(This works on only some systems.)\\<dired-mode-map>
+Use `\\[dired-do-copy]' with a zero prefix argument to toggle its value.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-no-confirm nil
+  "*If non-nil, a list of symbols for commands dired should not confirm.
+It can be a sublist of
+
+  '(byte-compile chgrp chmod chown compress copy delete hardlink load
+    move print shell symlink uncompress recursive-delete kill-file-buffer
+    kill-dired-buffer patch create-top-dir revert-subdirs)
+
+The meanings of most of the symbols are obvious.  A few exceptions:
+
+    'compress applies to compression or decompression by any of the 
+     compression program in `dired-compression-method-alist'.
+
+    'kill-dired-buffer applies to offering to kill dired buffers for
+     directories which have been deleted.
+
+    'kill-file-buffer applies to offering to kill buffers visiting files
+     which have been deleted.
+
+    'recursive-delete applies to recursively deleting non-empty
+     directories, and all of their contents.
+
+    'create-top-dir applies to `dired-up-directory' creating a new top level
+     directory for the dired buffer.
+
+    'revert-subdirs applies to re-reading subdirectories which have 
+     been modified on disk.
+
+Note that this list also applies to remote files accessed with efs
+or ange-ftp.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-backup-if-overwrite nil
+  "*Non-nil if Dired should ask about making backups before overwriting files.
+Special value 'always suppresses confirmation.")
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-omit-files nil
+  "*If non-nil un-interesting files will be omitted from this dired buffer.
+Use \\[dired-omit-toggle] to see these files. (buffer local)")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-omit-files)
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar dired-mail-reader 'rmail
+  "*Mail reader used by dired for dired-read-mail \(\\[dired-read-mail]\).
+The symbols 'rmail and 'vm are the only two allowed values.")
+
+(defvar dired-verify-modtimes t
+  "*If non-nil dired will revert dired buffers for modified subdirectories.
+See also dired-no-confirm <V>.")
+
+;;; File name regular expressions and extensions.
+
+(defvar dired-trivial-filenames "^\\.\\.?$\\|^#"
+  "*Regexp of files to skip when finding first file of a directory listing.
+A value of nil means move to the subdir line.
+A value of t means move to first file.")
+
+(defvar dired-cleanup-alist
+  (list
+   '("tex" ".toc" ".log" ".aux" ".dvi")
+   '("latex" ".toc" ".log" ".aux" ".idx" ".lof" ".lot" ".glo" ".dvi")
+   '("bibtex" ".blg" ".bbl")
+   '("texinfo" ".cp" ".cps" ".fn" ".fns" ".ky" ".kys" ".pg" ".pgs"
+     ".tp" ".tps" ".vr" ".vrs")
+   '("patch" ".rej" ".orig")
+   '("backups" "~")
+   (cons "completion-ignored-extensions" completion-ignored-extensions))
+  "*Alist of extensions for temporary files created by various programs.
+Used by `dired-cleanup'.")
+
+(defvar dired-omit-extensions
+  (let ((alist dired-cleanup-alist)
+	x result)
+    (while alist
+      (setq x (cdr (car alist))
+	    alist (cdr alist))
+      (while x
+	(or (member (car x) result)
+	    (setq result (cons (car x) result)))
+	(setq x (cdr x))))
+    result)
+  "*List of extensions for file names that will be omitted (buffer-local).
+This only has effect when the subdirectory is in omission mode.
+To make omission mode the default, set `dired-omit-files' to t.
+See also `dired-omit-extensions'.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-omit-extensions)
+
+(defvar dired-omit-regexps '("^#" "^\\.")
+  "*File names matching these regexp may be omitted (buffer-local).
+This only has effect when the subdirectory is in omission mode.
+To make omission mode the default, set `dired-omit-files' to t.
+This only has effect when `dired-omit-files-p' is t.
+See also `dired-omit-extensions'.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-omit-files-regexp)
+
+(defvar dired-filename-re-ext "\\..+$"   ; start from the first dot. last dot?
+  "*Defines what is the extension of a file name.
+\(match-beginning 0\) for this regexp in the file name without directory will
+be taken to be the start of the extension.")
+
+;;; Hook variables
+
+(defvar dired-load-hook nil
+  "Run after loading dired.
+You can customize key bindings or load extensions with this.")
+
+(defvar dired-grep-load-hook nil
+  "Run after loading dired-grep.")
+
+(defvar dired-mode-hook nil
+  "Run at the very end of dired-mode.")
+
+(defvar dired-before-readin-hook nil
+  "Hook run before a dired buffer is newly read in, created,or reverted.")
+
+(defvar dired-after-readin-hook nil
+  "Hook run after each listing of a file or directory.
+The buffer is narrowed to the new listing.")
+
+(defvar dired-setup-keys-hook nil
+  "Hook run when dired sets up its keymap.
+This happens the first time that `dired-mode' is called, and runs after
+`dired-mode-hook'.  This hook can be used to make alterations to the
+dired keymap.")
+
+;;; Internal variables
+;;
+;;  If you set these, know what you are doing.
+
+;;; Marker chars.
+
+(defvar dired-marker-char ?*            ; the answer is 42
+					; life the universe and everything
+  ;; so that you can write things like
+  ;; (let ((dired-marker-char ?X))
+  ;;    ;; great code using X markers ...
+  ;;    )
+  ;; For example, commands operating on two sets of files, A and B.
+  ;; Or marking files with digits 0-9.  This could implicate
+  ;; concentric sets or an order for the marked files.
+  ;; The code depends on dynamic scoping on the marker char.
+  "In dired, character used to mark files for later commands.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-marker-char)
+
+(defconst dired-default-marker dired-marker-char)
+;; Stores the default value of dired-marker-char when dynamic markers
+;; are being used.
+
+(defvar dired-del-marker ?D
+  "Character used to flag files for deletion.")
+
+;; \017=^O for Omit - other packages can chose other control characters.
+(defvar dired-omit-marker-char ?\017)
+;; Marker used for omitted files.  Shouldn't be used by anything else.
+
+(defvar dired-kill-marker-char ?\C-k)
+;; Marker used by dired-do-kill.  Shouldn't be used by anything else.
+
+;;; State variables
+
+(defvar dired-mode-line-modified "-%s%s%s-"
+  "*Format string to show the modification status of the buffer.")
+
+(defvar dired-del-flags-number 0)
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-del-flags-number)
+(defvar dired-marks-number 0)
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-marks-number)
+(defvar dired-other-marks-number 0)
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-other-marks-number)
+
+(defvar dired-marked-files nil
+  "List of filenames from last `dired-copy-filename-as-kill' call.")
+
+(defvar dired-directory nil
+  "The directory name or shell wildcard that was used as argument to `ls'.
+Local to each dired buffer.  May be a list, in which case the car is the
+directory name and the cdr is the actual files to list.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-directory)
+
+(defvar dired-internal-switches nil
+  "The actual (buffer-local) value of `dired-listing-switches'.
+The switches are represented as a list of characters.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-internal-switches)
+
+(defvar dired-subdir-alist nil
+  "Association list of subdirectories and their buffer positions.
+Each subdirectory has an element: (DIRNAME . STARTMARKER).
+The order of elements is the reverse of the order in the buffer.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-subdir-alist)
+
+(defvar dired-curr-subdir-min 0)
+;; Cache for modeline tracking of the cursor
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-curr-subdir-min)
+
+(defvar dired-curr-subdir-max 0)
+;; Cache for modeline tracking of the cursor
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-curr-subdir-max)
+
+(defvar dired-subdir-omit nil)
+;; Controls whether the modeline shows Omit.
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-subdir-omit)
+
+(defvar dired-in-query nil)
+;; let-bound to t when dired is in the process of querying the user.
+;; This is to keep asynch messaging from clobbering the query prompt.
+
+(defvar dired-overwrite-confirmed nil)
+;; Fluid variable used to remember if a bunch of overwrites have been
+;; confirmed.
+
+(defvar dired-overwrite-backup-query nil)
+;; Fluid var used to remember if backups have been requested for overwrites.
+
+(defvar dired-file-creator-query nil)
+;; Fluid var to remember responses to file-creator queries.
+
+(defvar dired-omit-silent nil)
+;; This is sometimes let-bound to t if messages would be annoying,
+;; e.g., in dired-awrh.el. Binding to 0, only suppresses
+;; \"(Nothing to omit)\" message.
+
+(defvar dired-buffers nil
+  ;; Enlarged by dired-advertise
+  ;; Queried by function dired-buffers-for-dir. When this detects a
+  ;; killed buffer, it is removed from this list.
+  "Alist of directories and their associated dired buffers.")
+
+(defvar dired-sort-mode nil
+  "Whether Dired sorts by name, date, etc. 
+\(buffer-local\)")
+;; This is nil outside dired buffers so it can be used in the modeline
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-sort-mode)
+
+(defvar dired-marker-stack nil
+  "List of previously used dired marker characters.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-marker-stack)
+
+(defvar dired-marker-stack-pointer 0)
+;; Points to the current marker in the stack
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-marker-stack-pointer)
+
+(defvar dired-marker-stack-cursor ?\  ; space
+  "Character to use as a cursor in the dired marker stack.")
+
+(defconst dired-marker-string ""
+  "String version of `dired-marker-stack'.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'dired-marker-string)
+
+(defvar dired-modeline-tracking-cmds nil)
+;; List of commands after which the modeline gets updated.
+
+;;; Config. variables not usually considered fair game for the user.
+
+(defvar dired-deletion-confirmer 'yes-or-no-p) ; or y-or-n-p?
+
+(defvar dired-log-buffer "*Dired log*")
+;; Name of buffer used to log dired messages and errors.
+
+;;; Assoc. lists
+
+;; For pop ups and user input for file marking
+(defvar dired-query-alist
+  '((?\y . y) (?\040 . y)		; `y' or SPC means accept once
+    (?n . n) (?\177 . n)		; `n' or DEL skips once
+    (?! . yes)				; `!' accepts rest
+    (?q. no) (?\e . no)			; `q' or ESC skips rest
+    ;; None of these keys quit - use C-g for that.
+    ))
+
+(defvar dired-sort-type-alist
+  ;; alist of sort flags, and the sort type, as a symbol.
+  ;; Don't put ?r in here.  It's handled separately.
+  '((?t . date) (?S . size) (?U . unsort) (?X . ext)))
+
+;;; Internal regexps for examining ls listings.
+;;
+;; Many of these regexps must be tested at beginning-of-line, but are also
+;; used to search for next matches, so neither omitting "^" nor
+;; replacing "^" by "\n" (to make it slightly faster) will work.
+
+(defvar dired-re-inode-size "[ \t0-9]*")
+;; Regexp for optional initial inode and file size.
+;; Must match output produced by ls' -i and -s flags.
+
+(defvar dired-re-mark "^[^ \n\r]")
+;; Regexp matching a marked line.
+;; Important: the match ends just after the marker.
+
+(defvar dired-re-maybe-mark "^. ")
+
+(defvar dired-re-dir (concat dired-re-maybe-mark dired-re-inode-size "d"))
+;; Matches directory lines
+
+(defvar dired-re-sym (concat dired-re-maybe-mark dired-re-inode-size "l"))
+;; Matches symlink lines
+
+(defvar dired-re-exe;; match ls permission string of an executable file
+  (mapconcat (function
+	      (lambda (x)
+		(concat dired-re-maybe-mark dired-re-inode-size x)))
+	     '("-[-r][-w][xs][-r][-w].[-r][-w]."
+	       "-[-r][-w].[-r][-w][xs][-r][-w]."
+	       "-[-r][-w].[-r][-w].[-r][-w][xst]")
+	     "\\|"))
+
+(defvar dired-re-dot "^.* \\.\\.?/?$")	; with -F, might end in `/'
+;; . and .. files
+
+(defvar dired-re-month-and-time
+  (concat
+   " \\(Jan\\|Feb\\|Mar\\|Apr\\|May\\|June?\\|July?\\|Aug\\|Sep\\|Oct\\|Nov\\|"
+					; June and July are for HP-UX 9.0
+   "Dec\\) [ 0-3][0-9]\\("
+   " [012][0-9]:[0-6][0-9] \\|" ; time
+   "  [12][90][0-9][0-9] \\|"   ; year on IRIX, NeXT, SunOS, ULTRIX, Apollo,
+			        ; HP-UX, A/UX
+   " [12][90][0-9][0-9]  \\)"   ; year on AIX
+   ))
+;; This regexp MUST match all the way to first character of the filename.
+;; You can loosen it to taste, but then you might bomb on filenames starting
+;; with a space. This will have to be modified for non-english month names.
+
+(defvar dired-subdir-regexp
+  "\\([\n\r]\n\\|\\`\\). \\([^\n\r]+\\)\\(:\\)\\(\\.\\.\\.\r\\|[\n\r]\\)")
+  ;; Regexp matching a maybe hidden subdirectory line in ls -lR output.
+  ;; Subexpression 2 is the subdirectory proper, no trailing colon.
+  ;; Subexpression 3 must end right before the \n or \r at the end of
+  ;; the subdir heading.  Matches headings after indentation has been done.
+
+(defvar dired-unhandle-add-files nil)
+;; List of files that the dired handler function need not add to dired buffers.
+;; This is because they have already been added, most likely in
+;; dired-create-files.  This is because dired-create-files add files with
+;; special markers.
+
+;;; history variables
+
+(defvar dired-regexp-history nil
+  "History list of regular expressions used in Dired commands.")
+
+(defvar dired-chmod-history nil
+  "History of arguments to chmod in dired.")
+
+(defvar dired-chown-history nil
+  "History of arguments to chown in dired.")
+
+(defvar dired-chgrp-history nil
+  "History of arguments to chgrp in dired.")
+
+(defvar dired-cleanup-history nil
+  "History of arguments to dired-cleanup.")
+
+(defvar dired-goto-file-history nil)
+;; History for dired-goto-file and dired-goto-subdir
+(put 'dired-goto-file-history 'cursor-end t) ; for gmhist
+
+(defvar dired-history nil)
+;; Catch-all history variable for dired file ops without
+;; their own history.
+
+(defvar dired-op-history-alist
+  ;; alist of dired file operations and history symbols
+  '((chgrp . dired-chgrp-history) (chown . dired-chown-history)
+    (chmod . dired-chmod-history) ))
+
+;;; Tell the byte-compiler that we know what we're doing.
+;;; Do we?
+
+(defvar file-name-handler-alist)
+(defvar inhibit-file-name-operation)
+(defvar inhibit-file-name-handlers)
+(defvar efs-dired-host-type)
+
+
+;;;;------------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Utilities
+;;;;------------------------------------------------------------------ 
+
+;;; Macros
+;;
+;;  Macros must be defined before they are used - for the byte compiler.
+
+(defmacro dired-get-subdir-min (elt)
+  ;; Returns the value of the subdir minumum for subdir with entry ELT in
+  ;; dired-subdir-alist.
+  (list 'nth 1 elt))
+
+(defmacro dired-save-excursion (&rest body)
+  ;; Saves excursions of the point (not buffer) in dired buffers.
+  ;; It tries to be robust against deletion of the region about the point.
+  ;; Note that this assumes only dired-style deletions.
+  (let ((temp-bolm (make-symbol "bolm"))
+	(temp-fnlp (make-symbol "fnlp"))
+	(temp-offset-bol (make-symbol "offset-bol")))
+    (` (let (((, temp-bolm) (make-marker))
+	     (, temp-fnlp) (, temp-offset-bol))
+	 (let ((bol (save-excursion (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r") (point))))
+	   (set-marker (, temp-bolm) bol)
+	   (setq (, temp-offset-bol) (- (point) bol)
+		 (, temp-fnlp) (memq (char-after bol) '(?\n\ ?\r))))
+	 (unwind-protect
+	     (progn
+	       (,@ body))
+	   ;; Use the marker to try to find the right line, then move to
+	   ;; the proper column.
+	   (goto-char (, temp-bolm))
+	   (and (not (, temp-fnlp))
+		(not (eq (following-char) 0)) (memq (following-char) '(?\n ?\r))
+		;; The line containing the point got deleted. Note that this
+		;; logic only works if we don't delete null lines, but we never
+		;; do.
+		(forward-line 1)) ; don't move into a hidden line.
+	   (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r" (+ (point) (, temp-offset-bol))))))))
+
+(put 'dired-save-excursion 'lisp-indent-hook 0)
+
+(defun dired-substitute-marker (pos old new)
+  ;; Change marker, re-fontify
+  (subst-char-in-region pos (1+ pos) old new)
+  (dired-move-to-filename))
+
+(defmacro dired-mark-if (predicate msg)
+  ;; Mark all files for which CONDITION evals to non-nil.
+  ;; CONDITION is evaluated on each line, with point at beginning of line.
+  ;; MSG is a noun phrase for the type of files being marked.
+  ;; It should end with a noun that can be pluralized by adding `s'.
+  ;; Return value is the number of files marked, or nil if none were marked.
+  (let ((temp-pt (make-symbol "pt"))
+	(temp-count (make-symbol "count"))
+	(temp-msg (make-symbol "msg")))
+    (` (let (((, temp-msg) (, msg))
+	     ((, temp-count) 0)
+	     (, temp-pt) buffer-read-only)
+	 (save-excursion
+	   (if (, temp-msg) (message "Marking %ss..." (, temp-msg)))
+	   (goto-char (point-min))
+	   (while (not (eobp))
+	     (if (and (, predicate)
+		      (not (char-equal (following-char) dired-marker-char)))
+		 (progn
+		   ;; Doing this rather than delete-char, insert
+		   ;; avoids re-computing markers
+		   (setq (, temp-pt) (point))
+		   (dired-substitute-marker
+		    (, temp-pt)
+		    (following-char) dired-marker-char)
+		   (setq (, temp-count) (1+ (, temp-count)))))
+	     (forward-line 1))
+	   (if (, temp-msg)
+	       (message "%s %s%s %s%s."
+			(, temp-count)
+			(, temp-msg)
+			(dired-plural-s (, temp-count))
+			(if (eq dired-marker-char ?\040) "un" "")
+			(if (eq dired-marker-char dired-del-marker)
+			    "flagged" "marked"))))
+	 (and (> (, temp-count) 0) (, temp-count))))))
+
+(defmacro dired-map-over-marks (body arg &optional show-progress)
+;;  Perform BODY with point somewhere on each marked line
+;;  and return a list of BODY's results.
+;;  If no marked file could be found, execute BODY on the current line.
+;;  If ARG is an integer, use the next ARG (or previous -ARG, if ARG<0)
+;;  files instead of the marked files.
+;;  If ARG is t, only apply to marked files.  If there are no marked files,
+;;  the result is a noop.
+;;  If ARG is otherwise non-nil, use current file instead.
+;;  If optional third arg SHOW-PROGRESS evaluates to non-nil,
+;;  redisplay the dired buffer after each file is processed.
+;;  No guarantee is made about the position on the marked line.
+;;  BODY must ensure this itself if it depends on this.
+;;  Search starts at the beginning of the buffer, thus the car of the list
+;;  corresponds to the line nearest to the buffer's bottom.  This
+;;  is also true for (positive and negative) integer values of ARG.
+;;  To avoid code explosion, BODY should not be too long as it is
+;;  expanded four times.
+;;
+;;  Warning: BODY must not add new lines before point - this may cause an
+;;  endless loop.
+;;  This warning should not apply any longer, sk  2-Sep-1991 14:10.
+  (let ((temp-found (make-symbol "found"))
+	(temp-results (make-symbol "results"))
+	(temp-regexp (make-symbol "regexp"))
+	(temp-curr-pt (make-symbol "curr-pt"))
+	(temp-next-position (make-symbol "next-position")))
+    (` (let (buffer-read-only case-fold-search (, temp-found) (, temp-results))
+	 (dired-save-excursion
+	   (if (and (, arg) (not (eq (, arg) t)))
+	       (if (integerp (, arg))
+		   (and (not (zerop (, arg)))
+			(progn;; no save-excursion, want to move point.
+			  (dired-repeat-over-lines
+			   arg
+			   (function (lambda ()
+				       (if (, show-progress) (sit-for 0))
+				       (setq (, temp-results)
+					     (cons (, body)
+						   (, temp-results))))))
+			  (if (<  (, arg) 0)
+			      (nreverse (, temp-results))
+			    (, temp-results))))
+		 ;; non-nil, non-integer ARG means use current file:
+		 (list (, body)))
+	     (let (((, temp-regexp)
+		    (concat "^" (regexp-quote (char-to-string
+					       dired-marker-char))))
+		   (, temp-curr-pt) (, temp-next-position))
+	       (save-excursion
+		 (goto-char (point-min))
+		 ;; remember position of next marked file before BODY
+		 ;; can insert lines before the just found file,
+		 ;; confusing us by finding the same marked file again
+		 ;; and again and...
+		 (setq (, temp-next-position)
+		       (and (re-search-forward (, temp-regexp) nil t)
+			    (point-marker))
+		       (, temp-found) (not (null (, temp-next-position))))
+		 (while (, temp-next-position)
+		   (setq (, temp-curr-pt) (goto-char (, temp-next-position))
+			 ;; need to get next position BEFORE body
+			 (, temp-next-position)
+			 (and (re-search-forward (, temp-regexp) nil t)
+			      (point-marker)))
+		   (goto-char (, temp-curr-pt))
+		   (if (, show-progress) (sit-for 0))
+		   (setq (, temp-results) (cons (, body) (, temp-results)))))
+	       (if (, temp-found)
+		   (, temp-results)
+		 ;; Do current file, unless arg is t
+		 (and (not (eq (, arg) t))
+		      (list (, body)))))))))))
+
+;;; General utility functions
+
+(defun dired-buffer-more-recently-used-p (buffer1 buffer2)
+  "Return t if BUFFER1 is more recently used than BUFFER2."
+  (if (equal buffer1 buffer2)
+      nil
+    (let ((more-recent nil)
+	  (list (buffer-list)))
+      (while (and list
+		  (not (setq more-recent (equal buffer1 (car list))))
+		  (not (equal buffer2 (car list))))
+	(setq list (cdr list)))
+      more-recent)))
+
+(defun dired-file-modtime (file)
+  ;; Return the modtime of FILE, which is assumed to be already expanded
+  ;; by expand-file-name.
+  (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler file 'dired-file-modtime)))
+    (if handler
+	(funcall handler 'dired-file-modtime file)
+      (nth 5 (file-attributes file)))))
+
+(defun dired-set-file-modtime (file alist)
+  ;; Set the modtime for FILE in the subdir alist ALIST.
+  (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler file 'dired-set-file-modtime)))
+    (if handler
+	(funcall handler 'dired-set-file-modtime file alist)
+      (let ((elt (assoc file alist)))
+	(if elt
+	    (setcar (nthcdr 4 elt) (nth 5 (file-attributes file))))))))
+
+(defun dired-map-over-marks-check (fun arg op-symbol operation
+				       &optional show-progress no-confirm)
+  ;; Map FUN over marked files (with second ARG like in dired-map-over-marks)
+  ;; and display failures.
+
+  ;; FUN takes zero args.  It returns non-nil (the offending object, e.g.
+  ;; the short form of the filename) for a failure and probably logs a
+  ;; detailed error explanation using function `dired-log'.
+
+  ;; OP-SYMBOL is s symbol representing the operation.
+  ;; eg. 'compress
+
+  ;; OPERATION is a string describing the operation performed (e.g.
+  ;; "Compress").  It is used with `dired-mark-pop-up' to prompt the user
+  ;; (e.g. with `Compress * [2 files]? ') and to display errors (e.g.
+  ;; `Failed to compress 1 of 2 files - type y to see why ("foo")')
+
+  ;; SHOW-PROGRESS if non-nil means redisplay dired after each file.
+
+  (if (or no-confirm (dired-mark-confirm op-symbol operation arg))
+      (let* ((total-list;; all of FUN's return values
+	      (dired-map-over-marks (funcall fun) arg show-progress))
+	     (total (length total-list))
+	     (failures (delq nil total-list))
+	     (count (length failures)))
+	(if (not failures)
+	    (message "%s: %d file%s." operation total (dired-plural-s total))
+	  (message "Failed to %s %d of %d file%s - type y to see why %s"
+		   operation count total (dired-plural-s total)
+		   ;; this gives a short list of failed files in parens
+		   ;; which may be sufficient for the user even
+		   ;; without typing `W' for the process' diagnostics
+		   failures)
+	  ;; end this bunch of errors:
+	  (dired-log-summary
+	   (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+	   (format
+	    "Failed to %s %d of %d file%s"
+	    operation count total (dired-plural-s total))
+	   failures)))))
+
+(defun dired-make-switches-string (list)
+;; Converts a list of cracters to a string suitable for passing to ls.
+  (concat "-" (mapconcat 'char-to-string list "")))
+
+(defun dired-make-switches-list (string)
+;; Converts a string of ls switches to a list of characters.
+  (delq ?- (mapcar 'identity string)))
+
+;; Cloning replace-match to work on strings instead of in buffer:
+;; The FIXEDCASE parameter of replace-match is not implemented.
+(defun dired-string-replace-match (regexp string newtext
+					  &optional literal global)
+  ;; Replace first match of REGEXP in STRING with NEWTEXT.
+  ;; If it does not match, nil is returned instead of the new string.
+  ;; Optional arg LITERAL means to take NEWTEXT literally.
+  ;; Optional arg GLOBAL means to replace all matches.
+  (if global
+        (let ((result "") (start 0) mb me)
+	  (while (string-match regexp string start)
+	    (setq mb (match-beginning 0)
+		  me (match-end 0)
+		  result (concat result
+				 (substring string start mb)
+				 (if literal
+				     newtext
+				   (dired-expand-newtext string newtext)))
+		  start me))
+	  (if mb			; matched at least once
+	      (concat result (substring string start))
+	    nil))
+    ;; not GLOBAL
+    (if (not (string-match regexp string 0))
+	nil
+      (concat (substring string 0 (match-beginning 0))
+	      (if literal newtext (dired-expand-newtext string newtext))
+	      (substring string (match-end 0))))))
+
+(defun dired-expand-newtext (string newtext)
+  ;; Expand \& and \1..\9 (referring to STRING) in NEWTEXT, using match data.
+  ;; Note that in Emacs 18 match data are clipped to current buffer
+  ;; size...so the buffer should better not be smaller than STRING.
+  (let ((pos 0)
+	(len (length newtext))
+	(expanded-newtext ""))
+    (while (< pos len)
+      (setq expanded-newtext
+	    (concat expanded-newtext
+		    (let ((c (aref newtext pos)))
+		      (if (= ?\\ c)
+			  (cond ((= ?\& (setq c
+					      (aref newtext
+						    (setq pos (1+ pos)))))
+				 (substring string
+					    (match-beginning 0)
+					    (match-end 0)))
+				((and (>= c ?1) (<= c ?9))
+				 ;; return empty string if N'th
+				 ;; sub-regexp did not match:
+				 (let ((n (- c ?0)))
+				   (if (match-beginning n)
+				       (substring string
+						  (match-beginning n)
+						  (match-end n))
+				     "")))
+				(t
+				 (char-to-string c)))
+			(char-to-string c)))))
+      (setq pos (1+ pos)))
+    expanded-newtext))
+
+(defun dired-in-this-tree (file dir)
+  ;;Is FILE part of the directory tree starting at DIR?
+  (let ((len (length dir)))
+    (and (>= (length file) len)
+	 (string-equal (substring file 0 len) dir))))
+
+(defun dired-tree-lessp (dir1 dir2)
+  ;; Lexicographic order on pathname components, like `ls -lR':
+  ;; DIR1 < DIR2 iff DIR1 comes *before* DIR2 in an `ls -lR' listing,
+  ;;   i.e., iff DIR1 is a (grand)parent dir of DIR2,
+  ;;   or DIR1 and DIR2 are in the same parentdir and their last
+  ;;   components are string-lessp.
+  ;; Thus ("/usr/" "/usr/bin") and ("/usr/a/" "/usr/b/") are tree-lessp.
+  ;; string-lessp could arguably be replaced by file-newer-than-file-p
+  ;;   if dired-internal-switches contained `t'.
+  (let ((dir1 (file-name-as-directory dir1))
+	(dir2 (file-name-as-directory dir2))
+	(start1 1)
+	(start2 1)
+	comp1 comp2 end1 end2)
+    (while (progn
+	     (setq end1 (string-match "/" dir1 start1)
+		   comp1 (substring dir1 start1 end1)
+		   end2 (string-match "/" dir2 start2)
+		   comp2 (substring dir2 start2 end2))
+		   (and end1 end2 (string-equal comp1 comp2)))
+      (setq start1 (1+ end1)
+	    start2 (1+ end2)))
+    (if (eq (null end1) (null end2))
+	(string-lessp comp1 comp2)
+      (null end1))))
+
+;; So that we can support case-insensitive systems.
+(fset 'dired-file-name-lessp 'string-lessp)
+
+
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Initializing Dired
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+;;; Set the minor mode alist
+
+(or (equal (assq 'dired-sort-mode minor-mode-alist)
+	   '(dired-sort-mode dired-sort-mode))
+    ;; Test whether this has already been done in case dired is reloaded
+    ;; There may be several elements with dired-sort-mode as car.
+    (setq minor-mode-alist
+	  ;; cons " Omit" in first, so that it doesn't
+	  ;; get stuck between the directory and sort mode on the
+	  ;; mode line.
+	  (cons '(dired-sort-mode dired-sort-mode)
+		(cons '(dired-subdir-omit " Omit")
+		      (cons '(dired-marker-stack dired-marker-string)
+			    minor-mode-alist)))))
+
+;;; Keymaps
+
+(defvar dired-mode-map nil
+  "Local keymap for dired-mode buffers.")
+(defvar dired-regexp-map nil
+  "Dired keymap for commands that use regular expressions.")
+(defvar dired-diff-map nil
+  "Dired keymap for diff and related commands.")
+(defvar dired-subdir-map nil
+  "Dired keymap for commands that act on subdirs, or the files within them.")
+
+(defvar dired-keymap-grokked nil
+  "Set to t after dired has grokked the global keymap.")
+
+(defun dired-key-description (cmd &rest prefixes)
+  ;; Return a key description string for a menu.  If prefixes are given,
+  ;; they should be either strings, integers, or 'universal-argument.
+  (let ((key (where-is-internal cmd dired-mode-map t)))
+    (if key
+	(key-description
+	 (apply 'vconcat
+		(append
+		 (mapcar
+		  (function
+		   (lambda (x)
+		     (cond ((eq x 'universal-argument)
+			    (where-is-internal 'universal-argument
+					       dired-mode-map t))
+			   ((integerp x) (int-to-string x))
+			   (t x))))
+		  prefixes)
+		 (list key))))
+      "")))
+
+(defun dired-grok-keys (to-command from-command)
+  ;; Assigns to TO-COMMAND the keys for the global binding of FROM-COMMAND.
+  ;; Does not clobber anything in the local keymap.  In emacs 19 should
+  ;; use substitute-key-definition, but I believe that this will
+  ;; clobber things in the local map.
+  (let ((keys (where-is-internal from-command)))
+    (while keys
+      (condition-case nil
+	  (if (eq (global-key-binding (car keys)) (key-binding (car keys)))
+	      (local-set-key (car keys) to-command))
+	(error nil))
+      (setq keys (cdr keys)))))
+
+(defun dired-grok-keymap ()
+  ;; Initialize the dired keymaps.
+  ;; This is actually done the first time that dired-mode runs.
+  ;; We do it this late, to be sure that the user's global-keymap has
+  ;; stabilized.
+  (if dired-keymap-grokked
+      () ; we've done it
+    ;; Watch out for dired being invoked from the command line.
+    ;; This is a bit kludgy, but so is the emacs startup sequence IMHO.
+    (if (and term-setup-hook (boundp 'command-line-args-left))
+	(progn
+	  (if (string-equal "18." (substring emacs-version 0 3))
+	      (funcall term-setup-hook)
+	    (run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
+	  (setq term-setup-hook nil)))
+    (setq dired-keymap-grokked t)
+    (run-hooks 'dired-setup-keys-hook)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-next-line 'next-line)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-previous-line 'previous-line)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-undo 'undo)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-undo 'advertised-undo)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-scroll-up 'scroll-up)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-scroll-down 'scroll-down)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-beginning-of-buffer 'beginning-of-buffer)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-end-of-buffer 'end-of-buffer)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-next-subdir 'forward-paragraph)
+    (dired-grok-keys 'dired-prev-subdir 'backward-paragraph)))
+
+;; The regexp-map is used for commands using regexp's.
+(if dired-regexp-map
+    ()
+  (setq dired-regexp-map (make-sparse-keymap))
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "C" 'dired-do-copy-regexp)
+  ;; Not really a regexp, but does transform file names.
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "D" 'dired-downcase)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "H" 'dired-do-hardlink-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "R" 'dired-do-rename-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "S" 'dired-do-symlink-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "U" 'dired-upcase)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "Y" 'dired-do-relsymlink-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "c" 'dired-cleanup)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "d" 'dired-flag-files-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "e" 'dired-mark-extension)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "m" 'dired-mark-files-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "o" 'dired-add-omit-regexp)
+  (define-key dired-regexp-map "x" 'dired-flag-extension)) ; a string, rather
+					; than a regexp.
+
+(if dired-diff-map
+    ()
+  (setq dired-diff-map (make-sparse-keymap))
+  (define-key dired-diff-map "d" 'dired-diff)
+  (define-key dired-diff-map "b" 'dired-backup-diff)
+  (define-key dired-diff-map "m" 'dired-emerge)
+  (define-key dired-diff-map "a" 'dired-emerge-with-ancestor)
+  (define-key dired-diff-map "e" 'dired-ediff)
+  (define-key dired-diff-map "p" 'dired-epatch))
+
+(if dired-subdir-map
+    ()
+  (setq dired-subdir-map (make-sparse-keymap))
+  (define-key dired-subdir-map "n" 'dired-redisplay-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-subdir-map "m" 'dired-mark-subdir-files)
+  (define-key dired-subdir-map "d" 'dired-flag-subdir-files)
+  (define-key dired-subdir-map "z" 'dired-compress-subdir-files))
+
+(fset 'dired-regexp-prefix dired-regexp-map)
+(fset 'dired-diff-prefix dired-diff-map)
+(fset 'dired-subdir-prefix dired-subdir-map)
+(fset 'efs-dired-prefix (function (lambda ()
+				    (interactive)
+				    (error "efs-dired not loaded yet"))))
+
+;; the main map
+(if dired-mode-map
+    nil
+  ;; Force `f' rather than `e' in the mode doc:
+  (fset 'dired-advertised-find-file 'dired-find-file)
+  (fset 'dired-advertised-next-subdir 'dired-next-subdir)
+  (fset 'dired-advertised-prev-subdir 'dired-prev-subdir)
+  (setq dired-mode-map (make-keymap))
+  (suppress-keymap dired-mode-map)
+  ;; Commands to mark certain categories of files
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "~" 'dired-flag-backup-files)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "#" 'dired-flag-auto-save-files)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "*" 'dired-mark-executables)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "." 'dired-clean-directory)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "/" 'dired-mark-directories)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "@" 'dired-mark-symlinks)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "," 'dired-mark-rcs-files)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-(" 'dired-mark-sexp)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-d" 'dired-mark-files-from-other-dired-buffer)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-c" 'dired-mark-files-compilation-buffer)
+  ;; Upper case keys (except ! and &) for operating on the marked files
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "A" 'dired-do-tags-search)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "B" 'dired-do-byte-compile)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "C" 'dired-do-copy)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "E" 'dired-do-grep)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "F" 'dired-do-find-file)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "G" 'dired-do-chgrp)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "H" 'dired-do-hardlink)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "I" 'dired-do-insert-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "K" 'dired-do-kill-file-lines)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "L" 'dired-do-load)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "M" 'dired-do-chmod)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "N" 'dired-do-redisplay)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "O" 'dired-do-chown)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "P" 'dired-do-print)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "Q" 'dired-do-tags-query-replace)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "R" 'dired-do-rename)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "S" 'dired-do-symlink)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "T" 'dired-do-total-size)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "U" 'dired-do-uucode)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "W" 'dired-copy-filenames-as-kill)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "X" 'dired-do-delete)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "Y" 'dired-do-relsymlink)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "Z" 'dired-do-compress)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "!" 'dired-do-shell-command)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "&" 'dired-do-background-shell-command)
+  ;; Make all regexp commands share a `%' prefix:
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "%" 'dired-regexp-prefix)
+  ;; Lower keys for commands not operating on all the marked files
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "a" 'dired-apropos)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "c" 'dired-change-marks)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "d" 'dired-flag-file-deletion)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-d" 'dired-flag-file-deletion-backup)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "e" 'dired-find-file)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "f" 'dired-advertised-find-file)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "g" 'revert-buffer)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "h" 'dired-describe-mode)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "i" 'dired-maybe-insert-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "k" 'dired-kill-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "m" 'dired-mark)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "o" 'dired-find-file-other-window)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "q" 'dired-quit)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "r" 'dired-read-mail)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "s" 'dired-sort-toggle-or-edit)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "t" 'dired-get-target-directory)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "u" 'dired-unmark)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "v" 'dired-view-file)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "w" (if (fboundp 'find-file-other-frame)
+				     'dired-find-file-other-frame
+				   'dired-find-file-other-window))
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "x" 'dired-expunge-deletions)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "y" 'dired-why)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "+" 'dired-create-directory)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "`" 'dired-recover-file)
+  ;; dired-jump-back Should be in the global map, but put them here
+  ;; too anyway.
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-x\C-j" 'dired-jump-back)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-x4\C-j" 'dired-jump-back-other-window)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-x5\C-j" 'dired-jump-back-other-frame)
+  ;; Comparison commands
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "=" 'dired-diff-prefix)
+  ;; moving
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "<" 'dired-prev-dirline)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map ">" 'dired-next-dirline)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map " "  'dired-next-line)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "n" 'dired-next-line)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-n" 'dired-next-line)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "p" 'dired-previous-line)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-p" 'dired-previous-line)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-v" 'dired-scroll-up)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-v" 'dired-scroll-down)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-<" 'dired-beginning-of-buffer)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M->" 'dired-end-of-buffer)
+  ;; This is silly, I'm changing it. -sb
+  ;; (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-m" 'dired-goto-file)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-m" 'dired-advertised-find-file)
+  ;; motion by subdirectories
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "^" 'dired-up-directory)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-\C-u" 'dired-up-directory)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-\C-d" 'dired-down-directory)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-\C-n" 'dired-advertised-next-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-\C-p" 'dired-advertised-prev-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-j" 'dired-goto-subdir)
+  ;; move to marked files
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-p" 'dired-prev-marked-file)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-n" 'dired-next-marked-file)
+  ;; hiding
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "$" 'dired-hide-subdir)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-$" 'dired-hide-all)
+  ;; omitting
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-o" 'dired-omit-toggle)
+  ;; markers
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\(" 'dired-set-marker-char)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\)" 'dired-restore-marker-char)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "'" 'dired-marker-stack-left)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\\" 'dired-marker-stack-right)
+  ;; misc
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-i" 'dired-mark-prefix)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "?" 'dired-summary)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\177" 'dired-backup-unflag)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-_" 'dired-undo)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\C-xu" 'dired-undo)
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-\C-?" 'dired-unmark-all-files)
+  ;; The subdir map
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "|" 'dired-subdir-prefix)
+  ;; efs submap
+  (define-key dired-mode-map "\M-e" 'efs-dired-prefix))
+
+
+
+;;;;------------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; The dired command
+;;;;------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+;;; User commands:
+;;; All of these commands should have a binding in the global keymap.
+
+;;;###autoload (define-key ctl-x-map "d" 'dired)
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired (dirname &optional switches)
+  "\"Edit\" directory DIRNAME--delete, rename, print, etc. some files in it.
+Optional second argument SWITCHES specifies the `ls' options used.
+\(Interactively, use a prefix argument to be able to specify SWITCHES.)
+Dired displays a list of files in DIRNAME (which may also have
+shell wildcards appended to select certain files).  If DIRNAME is a cons,
+its first element is taken as the directory name and the resr as an explicit
+list of files to make directory entries for.
+\\<dired-mode-map>\
+You can move around in it with the usual commands.
+You can flag files for deletion with \\[dired-flag-file-deletion] and then
+delete them by typing \\[dired-expunge-deletions].
+Type \\[dired-describe-mode] after entering dired for more info.
+
+If DIRNAME is already in a dired buffer, that buffer is used without refresh."
+  ;; Cannot use (interactive "D") because of wildcards.
+  (interactive (dired-read-dir-and-switches ""))
+  (switch-to-buffer (dired-noselect dirname switches)))
+
+;;;###autoload (define-key ctl-x-4-map "d" 'dired-other-window)
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired-other-window (dirname &optional switches)
+  "\"Edit\" directory DIRNAME.  Like `dired' but selects in another window."
+  (interactive (dired-read-dir-and-switches "in other window "))
+  (switch-to-buffer-other-window (dired-noselect dirname switches)))
+
+;;;###autoload (define-key ctl-x-5-map "d" 'dired-other-frame)
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired-other-frame (dirname &optional switches)
+  "\"Edit\" directory DIRNAME.  Like `dired' but makes a new frame."
+  (interactive (dired-read-dir-and-switches "in other frame "))
+  (switch-to-buffer-other-frame (dired-noselect dirname switches)))
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired-noselect (dir-or-list &optional switches)
+  "Like `dired' but returns the dired buffer as value, does not select it."
+  (or dir-or-list (setq dir-or-list (expand-file-name default-directory)))
+  ;; This loses the distinction between "/foo/*/" and "/foo/*" that
+  ;; some shells make:
+  (let (dirname)
+    (if (consp dir-or-list)
+	(setq dirname (car dir-or-list))
+      (setq dirname dir-or-list))
+    (setq dirname (expand-file-name (directory-file-name dirname)))
+    (if (file-directory-p dirname)
+	(setq dirname (file-name-as-directory dirname)))
+    (if (consp dir-or-list)
+	(setq dir-or-list (cons dirname (cdr dir-or-list)))
+      (setq dir-or-list dirname))
+    (dired-internal-noselect dir-or-list switches)))
+
+;; Adapted from code by wurgler@zippysun.math.uakron.edu (Tom Wurgler).
+;;;###autoload (define-key ctl-x-map "\C-j" 'dired-jump-back)
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired-jump-back ()
+  "Jump back to dired.
+If in a file, dired the current directory and move to file's line.
+If in dired already, pop up a level and goto old directory's line.
+In case the proper dired file line cannot be found, refresh the dired
+  buffer and try again."
+  (interactive)
+  (let* ((file (if (eq major-mode 'dired-mode)
+		   (directory-file-name (dired-current-directory))
+		 buffer-file-name))
+	 (dir (if file
+		  (file-name-directory file)
+		default-directory)))
+    (dired dir)
+    (if file (dired-really-goto-file file))))
+
+;;;###autoload (define-key ctl-x-4-map "\C-j" 'dired-jump-back-other-window)
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired-jump-back-other-window ()
+  "Like \\[dired-jump-back], but to other window."
+  (interactive)
+  (let* ((file (if (eq major-mode 'dired-mode)
+		   (directory-file-name (dired-current-directory))
+		 buffer-file-name))
+	 (dir (if file
+		  (file-name-directory file)
+		default-directory)))
+    (dired-other-window dir)
+    (if file (dired-really-goto-file file))))
+
+;;;###autoload (define-key ctl-x-5-map "\C-j" 'dired-jump-back-other-frame)
+;;;###autoload
+(defun dired-jump-back-other-frame ()
+  "Like \\[dired-jump-back], but in another frame."
+  (interactive)
+  (let* ((file (if (eq major-mode 'dired-mode)
+		   (directory-file-name (dired-current-directory))
+		 buffer-file-name))
+	 (dir (if file
+		  (file-name-directory file)
+		default-directory)))
+    (dired-other-frame dir)
+    (if file (dired-really-goto-file file))))
+
+;;; Dired mode
+
+;; Dired mode is suitable only for specially formatted data.
+(put 'dired-mode 'mode-class 'special)
+
+(defun dired-mode (&optional dirname switches)
+  "\\<dired-mode-map>Dired mode is for \"editing\" directory trees.
+
+For a simple one-line help message, type \\[dired-summary]
+For a moderately detailed description of dired mode, type \\[dired-describe-mode]
+For the full dired info tree, type \\[universal-argument] \\[dired-describe-mode]"
+  ;; Not to be called interactively (e.g. dired-directory will be set
+  ;; to default-directory, which is wrong with wildcards).
+  (kill-all-local-variables)
+  (use-local-map dired-mode-map)
+  (setq major-mode 'dired-mode
+	mode-name "Dired"
+	case-fold-search nil
+	buffer-read-only t
+	selective-display t		; for subdirectory hiding
+	selective-display-ellipses nil  ; for omit toggling
+	mode-line-buffer-identification '("Dired: %12b")
+	mode-line-modified (format dired-mode-line-modified "--" "--" "-")
+	dired-directory (expand-file-name (or dirname default-directory))
+	dired-internal-switches (dired-make-switches-list
+			       (or switches dired-listing-switches)))
+  (dired-advertise)			; default-directory is already set
+  (set (make-local-variable 'revert-buffer-function)
+       (function dired-revert))
+  (set (make-local-variable 'default-directory-function)
+       'dired-current-directory)
+  (set (make-local-variable 'page-delimiter)
+       "\n\n")
+  (set (make-local-variable 'list-buffers-directory)
+       dired-directory)
+  ;; Will only do something in Emacs 19.
+  (add-hook (make-local-variable 'kill-buffer-hook)
+	    'dired-unadvertise-current-buffer)
+  ;; Same here
+  (if window-system
+      (add-hook (make-local-variable 'post-command-hook)
+		(function
+		 (lambda ()
+		   (if (memq this-command dired-modeline-tracking-cmds)
+		       (dired-update-mode-line t))))))
+  (dired-sort-other dired-internal-switches t)
+  (dired-hack-local-variables)
+  (run-hooks 'dired-mode-hook)
+  ;; Run this after dired-mode-hook, in case that hook makes changes to
+  ;; the keymap.
+  (dired-grok-keymap))
+
+;;; Internal functions for starting dired
+
+(defun dired-read-dir-and-switches (str)
+  ;; For use in interactive.
+  (reverse (list
+	    (if current-prefix-arg
+		(read-string "Dired listing switches: "
+			     dired-listing-switches))
+	    (let ((default-directory (default-directory)))
+	      (read-file-name (format "Dired %s(directory): " str)
+			      nil default-directory nil)))))
+
+(defun dired-hack-local-variables ()
+  "Parse, bind or evaluate any local variables for current dired buffer.
+See variable `dired-local-variables-file'."
+  (if (and dired-local-variables-file
+	   (file-exists-p dired-local-variables-file))
+      (let (buffer-read-only opoint )
+	(save-excursion
+	  (goto-char (point-max))
+	  (setq opoint (point-marker))
+	  (insert "\^L\n")
+	  (insert-file-contents dired-local-variables-file))
+	(let ((buffer-file-name dired-local-variables-file))
+	  (condition-case err
+	      (hack-local-variables)
+	    (error (message "Error in dired-local-variables-file: %s" err)
+		   (sit-for 1))))
+	;; Must delete it as (eobp) is often used as test for last
+	;; subdir in dired.el.
+	(delete-region opoint (point-max))
+	(set-marker opoint nil))))
+
+;; Separate function from dired-noselect for the sake of dired-vms.el.
+(defun dired-internal-noselect (dir-or-list &optional switches mode)
+  ;; If there is an existing dired buffer for DIRNAME, just leave
+  ;; buffer as it is (don't even call dired-revert).
+  ;; This saves time especially for deep trees or with efs.
+  ;; The user can type `g'easily, and it is more consistent with find-file.
+  ;; But if SWITCHES are given they are probably different from the
+  ;; buffer's old value, so call dired-sort-other, which does
+  ;; revert the buffer.
+  ;; If the user specifies a directory with emacs startup, eg.
+  ;; emacs ~, dir-or-list may be unexpanded at this point.
+
+  (let* ((dirname (expand-file-name (if (consp dir-or-list)
+					(car dir-or-list)
+				      dir-or-list)))
+	 (buffer (dired-find-buffer-nocreate dir-or-list mode))
+	 ;; note that buffer already is in dired-mode, if found
+	 (new-buffer-p (not buffer))
+	 (old-buf (current-buffer))
+	 wildcard)
+    (or buffer
+	(let ((default-major-mode 'fundamental-mode))
+	  ;; We don't want default-major-mode to run hooks and set auto-fill
+	  ;; or whatever, now that dired-mode does not
+	  ;; kill-all-local-variables any longer.
+	  (setq buffer (create-file-buffer (directory-file-name dirname)))))
+    (set-buffer buffer)
+    (if (not new-buffer-p)		; existing buffer ...
+	(progn
+	  (if switches
+	      (dired-sort-other
+	       (if (stringp switches)
+		   (dired-make-switches-list switches)
+		 switches)))
+	  (if dired-verify-modtimes (dired-verify-modtimes))
+	  (if (and dired-find-subdir
+		   (not (string-equal (dired-current-directory)
+				      (file-name-as-directory dirname))))
+	      (dired-initial-position dirname)))
+      ;; Else a new buffer
+      (if (file-directory-p dirname)
+	  (setq default-directory dirname
+		wildcard (consp dir-or-list))
+	(setq default-directory (file-name-directory dirname)
+	      wildcard t))
+      (or switches (setq switches dired-listing-switches))
+      (dired-mode dirname switches)
+      ;; default-directory and dired-internal-switches are set now
+      ;; (buffer-local), so we can call dired-readin:
+      (let ((failed t))
+	(unwind-protect
+	    (progn (dired-readin dir-or-list buffer wildcard)
+		   (setq failed nil))
+	  ;; dired-readin can fail if parent directories are inaccessible.
+	  ;; Don't leave an empty buffer around in that case.
+	  (if failed (kill-buffer buffer))))
+      ;; No need to narrow since the whole buffer contains just
+      ;; dired-readin's output, nothing else.  The hook can
+      ;; successfully use dired functions (e.g. dired-get-filename)
+      ;; as the subdir-alist has been built in dired-readin.
+      (run-hooks 'dired-after-readin-hook)
+      ;; I put omit-expunge after the dired-after-readin-hook
+      ;; in case that hook marks files. Does this make sense? Also, users
+      ;; might want to set dired-omit-files-p in some incredibly clever
+      ;; way depending on the contents of the directory... I don't know...
+      (if dired-omit-files
+	  (dired-omit-expunge nil t))
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (dired-initial-position dirname))
+    (set-buffer old-buf)
+    buffer))
+
+(defun dired-find-buffer-nocreate (dir-or-list &optional mode)
+  ;; Returns a dired buffer for DIR-OR-LIST. DIR-OR-LIST may be wildcard,
+  ;; or a directory and alist of files.
+  ;; If dired-find-subdir is non-nil, is satisfied with a dired
+  ;; buffer containing DIR-OR-LIST as a subdirectory. If there is more
+  ;; than one candidate, returns the most recently used.
+  (if dired-find-subdir
+      (let ((buffers (sort (delq (current-buffer)
+				 (dired-buffers-for-dir dir-or-list t))
+			   (function dired-buffer-more-recently-used-p))))
+	(or (car buffers)
+	    ;; Couldn't find another buffer. Will the current one do?
+	    ;; It is up dired-initial-position to actually go to the subdir.
+	    (and (or (equal dir-or-list dired-directory) ; covers wildcards
+		     (and (stringp dir-or-list)
+			  (not (string-equal
+				dir-or-list
+				(expand-file-name default-directory)))
+			  (assoc (file-name-as-directory dir-or-list)
+				 dired-subdir-alist)))
+		 (current-buffer))))
+    ;; Else just look through the buffer list.
+    (let (found (blist (buffer-list)))
+      (or mode (setq mode 'dired-mode))
+      (save-excursion
+	(while blist
+	  (set-buffer (car blist))
+	  (if (and (eq major-mode mode)
+		   (equal dired-directory dir-or-list))
+	      (setq found (car blist)
+		    blist nil)
+	    (setq blist (cdr blist)))))
+      found)))
+
+(defun dired-initial-position (dirname)
+  ;; Where point should go in a new listing of DIRNAME.
+  ;; Point assumed at beginning of new subdir line.
+  (end-of-line)
+  (if dired-find-subdir (dired-goto-subdir dirname))
+  (if dired-trivial-filenames (dired-goto-next-nontrivial-file))
+  (dired-update-mode-line t))
+
+(defun dired-readin (dir-or-list buffer &optional wildcard)
+  ;; Read in a new dired buffer
+  ;; dired-readin differs from dired-insert-subdir in that it accepts
+  ;; wildcards, erases the buffer, and builds the subdir-alist anew
+  ;; (including making it buffer-local and clearing it first).
+  ;; default-directory and dired-internal-switches must be buffer-local
+  ;; and initialized by now.
+  ;; Thus we can test (equal default-directory dirname) instead of
+  ;; (file-directory-p dirname) and save a filesystem transaction.
+  ;; This is wrong, if dired-before-readin-hook changes default-directory
+  ;; Also, we can run this hook which may want to modify the switches
+  ;; based on default-directory, e.g. with efs to a SysV host
+  ;; where ls won't understand -Al switches.
+  (let (dirname other-dirs)
+    (if (consp dir-or-list)
+	(setq dir-or-list (dired-frob-dir-list dir-or-list)
+	      other-dirs (cdr dir-or-list)
+	      dir-or-list (car dir-or-list)
+	      dirname (car dir-or-list))
+      (setq dirname dir-or-list))
+    (setq dirname (expand-file-name dirname))
+    (if (consp dir-or-list)
+	(setq dir-or-list (cons dirname (cdr dir-or-list))))
+    (save-excursion
+      (set-buffer buffer)
+      (run-hooks 'dired-before-readin-hook)
+      (message "Reading directory %s..." dirname)
+      (let (buffer-read-only)
+	(widen)
+	(erase-buffer)
+	(dired-readin-insert dir-or-list wildcard)
+	(dired-indent-listing (point-min) (point-max))
+	;; We need this to make the root dir have a header line as all
+	;; other subdirs have:
+	(goto-char (point-min))
+	(dired-insert-headerline (expand-file-name default-directory)))
+      (message "Reading directory %s...done" dirname)
+      (set-buffer-modified-p nil)
+      ;; Must first make alist buffer local and set it to nil because
+      ;; dired-build-subdir-alist will call dired-clear-alist first
+      (setq dired-subdir-alist nil)
+      (if (memq ?R dired-internal-switches)
+	  (dired-build-subdir-alist)
+	;; no need to parse the buffer if listing is not recursive
+	(dired-simple-subdir-alist))
+      (if other-dirs
+	  (mapcar
+	   (function
+	    (lambda (x)
+	      (if (dired-in-this-tree (car x) dirname)
+		  (dired-insert-subdir x))))
+	   other-dirs)))))
+  
+;;; Subroutines of dired-readin
+
+(defun dired-readin-insert (dir-or-list &optional wildcard)
+  ;; Just insert listing for the passed-in directory or
+  ;; directory-and-file list, assuming a clean buffer.
+  (let* ((switches (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches))
+	 (dir-is-list (consp dir-or-list))
+	 (dirname (if dir-is-list (car dir-or-list) dir-or-list)))
+    (if wildcard
+	(progn
+	  (or (file-readable-p
+	       (if dir-is-list
+		   dirname
+		 (directory-file-name (file-name-directory dirname))))
+	      (error "Directory %s inaccessible or nonexistent" dirname))
+	  ;; else assume it contains wildcards
+	  (dired-insert-directory dir-or-list switches t)
+	  (save-excursion
+	    ;; insert wildcard instead of total line:
+	    (goto-char (point-min))
+	    (if dir-is-list
+		(insert "list wildcard\n")
+	      (insert "wildcard " (file-name-nondirectory dirname) "\n"))))
+      (dired-insert-directory dir-or-list switches nil t))))
+
+(defun dired-insert-directory (dir-or-list switches &optional wildcard full-p)
+  ;; Do the right thing whether dir-or-list is atomic or not.  If it is,
+  ;; insert all files listed in the cdr -- the car is the passed-in directory
+  ;; list.
+  (let ((opoint (point))
+	(insert-directory-program dired-ls-program))
+    (if (consp dir-or-list)
+	(mapcar
+	 (function
+	  (lambda (x)
+	    (insert-directory x switches wildcard)))
+	 (cdr dir-or-list))
+      (insert-directory dir-or-list switches wildcard full-p))
+    (dired-insert-set-properties opoint (point)))
+  (setq dired-directory dir-or-list))
+
+(defun dired-frob-dir-list (dir-list)
+  (let* ((top (file-name-as-directory (expand-file-name (car dir-list))))
+	 (tail (cdr dir-list))
+	 (result (list (list top)))
+	 elt dir)
+    (setq tail
+	  (mapcar
+	   (function
+	    (lambda (x)
+	      (directory-file-name (expand-file-name x top))))
+	   tail))
+    (while tail
+      (setq dir (file-name-directory (car tail)))
+      (if (setq elt (assoc dir result))
+	  (nconc elt (list (car tail)))
+	(nconc result (list (list dir (car tail)))))
+      (setq tail (cdr tail)))
+    result))
+
+(defun dired-insert-headerline (dir);; also used by dired-insert-subdir
+  ;; Insert DIR's headerline with no trailing slash, exactly like ls
+  ;; would, and put cursor where dired-build-subdir-alist puts subdir
+  ;; boundaries.
+  (save-excursion (insert "  " (directory-file-name dir) ":\n")))
+
+(defun dired-verify-modtimes ()
+  ;; Check the modtimes of all subdirs.
+  (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist)
+	on-disk in-mem badies)
+    (while alist
+      (and (setq in-mem (nth 4 (car alist)))
+	   (setq on-disk (dired-file-modtime (car (car alist))))
+	   (not (equal in-mem on-disk))
+	   (setq badies (cons (cons (car (car alist))
+				    (nth 3 (car alist)))
+			      badies)))
+      (setq alist (cdr alist)))
+    (and badies
+	 (let* ((ofile (dired-get-filename nil t))
+		(osub (and (null ofile) (dired-get-subdir)))
+		(opoint (point))
+		(ocol (current-column)))
+	   (unwind-protect
+	       (and
+		(or (memq 'revert-subdirs dired-no-confirm)
+		    (save-window-excursion
+		      (let ((flist (mapcar
+				    (function
+				     (lambda (f)
+				       (dired-abbreviate-file-name (car f))))
+				    badies)))
+			(switch-to-buffer (current-buffer))
+		       (dired-mark-pop-up
+			"*Stale Subdirectories*" 'revert-subdirs
+			flist 'y-or-n-p
+			(if (= (length flist) 1)
+			    (concat "Subdirectory " (car flist)
+				    " has changed on disk.  Re-list? ")
+			  "Subdirectories have changed on disk.  Re-list? "))
+		       )))
+		(while badies
+		  (dired-insert-subdir (car (car badies))
+				       (cdr (car badies)) nil t)
+		  (setq badies (cdr badies))))
+	     ;; We can't use dired-save-excursion here, because we are
+	     ;; rewriting the entire listing, and not just changing a single
+	     ;; file line.
+	     (or (if ofile
+		     (dired-goto-file ofile)
+		   (if osub
+		       (dired-goto-subdir osub)))
+		 (progn
+		   (goto-char opoint)
+		   (beginning-of-line)
+		   (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r" (+ (point) ocol))))
+	     (dired-update-mode-line t)
+	     (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))))))
+
+(defun dired-indent-listing (start end)
+  ;; Indent a dired listing.
+  (let (indent-tabs-mode)
+    (indent-rigidly start end 2)
+    ;; Quote any null lines that shouldn't be.
+    (save-excursion
+      (goto-char start)
+      (while (search-forward "\n\n" end t)
+	(forward-char -2)
+	(if (looking-at dired-subdir-regexp)
+	    (goto-char (match-end 3))
+	  (progn
+	    (forward-char 1)
+	    (insert " ")))))))
+
+
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Reverting a dired buffer, or specific file lines within it.
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-revert (&optional arg noconfirm)
+  ;; Reread the dired buffer.  Must also be called after
+  ;; dired-internal-switches have changed.
+  ;; Should not fail even on completely garbaged buffers.
+  ;; Preserves old cursor, marks/flags, hidden-p.
+  (widen)				; just in case user narrowed
+  (let ((opoint (point))
+	(ofile (dired-get-filename nil t))
+	(hidden-subdirs (dired-remember-hidden))
+	;; switches for top-level dir
+	(oswitches (or (nth 3 (nth (1- (length dired-subdir-alist))
+				   dired-subdir-alist))
+		       (delq ?R (copy-sequence dired-internal-switches))))
+	;; all other subdirs
+	(old-subdir-alist (cdr (reverse dired-subdir-alist)))
+	(omitted-subdirs (dired-remember-omitted))
+	;; do this after dired-remember-hidden, since this unhides
+	(mark-alist (dired-remember-marks (point-min) (point-max)))
+	(kill-files-p (save-excursion
+			(goto-char (point))
+			(search-forward
+			 (concat (char-to-string ?\r)
+				 (regexp-quote
+				  (char-to-string
+				   dired-kill-marker-char)))
+			 nil t)))
+	buffer-read-only)
+    ;; This is bogus, as it will not handle all the ways that efs uses cache.
+    ;; Better to just use the fact that revert-buffer-function is a
+    ;; buffer-local variable, and reset it to something that knows about
+    ;; cache.
+    ;; (dired-uncache
+    ;;   (if (consp dired-directory) (car dired-directory) dired-directory))
+    ;; treat top level dir extra (it may contain wildcards)
+    (let ((dired-after-readin-hook nil)
+	  ;; don't run that hook for each subdir...
+	  (dired-omit-files nil)
+	  (dired-internal-switches oswitches))
+      (dired-readin dired-directory (current-buffer)
+		    ;; Don't test for wildcards by checking string=
+		    ;; default-directory and dired-directory
+		    ;; in case default-directory got munged.
+		    (or (consp dired-directory)
+			(null (file-directory-p dired-directory))))
+      ;; The R-switch will clobber sorting of subdirs.
+      ;; What is the right thing to do here?
+      (dired-insert-old-subdirs old-subdir-alist))
+    (dired-mark-remembered mark-alist)	; mark files that were marked
+    (if kill-files-p (dired-do-hide dired-kill-marker-char))
+    (run-hooks 'dired-after-readin-hook)	; no need to narrow
+    ;; omit-expunge after the readin hook
+    (save-excursion
+      (mapcar (function (lambda (dir)
+			  (if (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+			      (dired-omit-expunge))))
+	      omitted-subdirs))
+    ;; hide subdirs that were hidden
+    (save-excursion
+      (mapcar (function (lambda (dir)
+			  (if (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+			      (dired-hide-subdir 1))))
+	      hidden-subdirs))
+    ;; Try to get back to where we were
+    (or (and ofile (dired-goto-file ofile))
+	(goto-char opoint))
+    (dired-move-to-filename)
+    (dired-update-mode-line t)
+    (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)))
+
+(defun dired-do-redisplay (&optional arg)
+  "Redisplay all marked (or next ARG) files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  ;; message instead of making dired-map-over-marks show-progress is
+  ;; much faster
+  (dired-map-over-marks (let ((fname (dired-get-filename)))
+			  (dired-uncache fname nil)
+			  (message "Redisplaying %s..." fname)
+			  (dired-update-file-line fname))
+			arg)
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+  (message "Redisplaying...done"))
+
+(defun dired-redisplay-subdir (&optional arg)
+  "Redisplay the current subdirectory.
+With a prefix prompts for listing switches."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let ((switches (and arg (dired-make-switches-list
+			    (read-string "Switches for listing: "
+					 (dired-make-switches-string
+					  dired-internal-switches)))))
+	(dir (dired-current-directory))
+	(opoint (point))
+	(ofile (dired-get-filename nil t)))
+    (or switches
+	(setq switches (nth 3 (assoc dir dired-subdir-alist))))
+    (or switches
+	(setq switches (delq ?R (copy-sequence dired-internal-switches))))
+    (message "Redisplaying %s..." dir)
+    (dired-uncache dir t)
+    (dired-insert-subdir dir switches)
+    (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+    (or (and ofile (dired-goto-file ofile)) (goto-char opoint))
+    (message "Redisplaying %s... done" dir)))
+
+(defun dired-update-file-line (file)
+  ;; Delete the current line, and insert an entry for FILE.
+  ;; Does not update other dired buffers.  Use dired-relist-file for that.
+  (let* ((start (save-excursion (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r") (point)))
+	 (char (char-after start)))
+    (dired-save-excursion
+     ;; don't remember omit marks
+     (if (memq char (list ?\040 dired-omit-marker-char))
+	 (setq char nil))
+     ;; Delete the current-line. Even though dired-add-entry will not
+     ;; insert duplicates, the file for the current line may not be the same as
+     ;; FILE. eg. dired-do-compress
+     (delete-region (save-excursion (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r") (1- (point)))
+		    (progn (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r") (point)))
+     ;; dired-add-entry inserts at the end of the previous line.
+     (forward-char 1)
+     (dired-add-entry file char t))))
+
+;;; Subroutines of dired-revert
+;;; Some of these are also used when inserting subdirs.
+
+;; Don't want to remember omit marks, in case omission regexps
+;; were changed, before the dired-revert. If we don't unhide
+;; omitted files, we won't see their marks. Therefore we use
+;; dired-omit-unhide-region.
+
+(defun dired-remember-marks (beg end)
+  ;; Return alist of files and their marks, from BEG to END.
+  (if selective-display			; must unhide to make this work.
+      (let (buffer-read-only)
+	(subst-char-in-region (point-min) (point-max) ?\r ?\n)
+	(dired-do-hide dired-omit-marker-char)))
+  (let (fil chr alist)
+    (save-excursion
+      (goto-char beg)
+      (while (re-search-forward dired-re-mark end t)
+	(if (setq fil (dired-get-filename nil t))
+	    (setq chr (preceding-char)
+		  alist (cons (cons fil chr) alist)))))
+    alist))
+
+(defun dired-mark-remembered (alist)
+  ;; Mark all files remembered in ALIST.
+  (let (elt fil chr)
+    (while alist
+      (setq elt (car alist)
+	    alist (cdr alist)
+	    fil (car elt)
+	    chr (cdr elt))
+      (if (dired-goto-file fil)
+	  (save-excursion
+	    (beginning-of-line)
+	    (dired-substitute-marker (point) (following-char) chr))))))
+
+(defun dired-remember-hidden ()
+  ;; Return a list of all hidden subdirs.
+  (let ((l dired-subdir-alist) dir result min)
+    (while l
+      (setq dir (car (car l))
+	    min (dired-get-subdir-min (car l))
+	    l (cdr l))
+      (if (and (>= min (point-min)) (<= min (point-max))
+	       (dired-subdir-hidden-p dir))
+	  (setq result (cons dir result))))
+    result))
+
+(defun dired-insert-old-subdirs (old-subdir-alist)
+  ;; Try to insert all subdirs that were displayed before
+  (let (elt dir switches)
+    (while old-subdir-alist
+      (setq elt (car old-subdir-alist)
+	    old-subdir-alist (cdr old-subdir-alist)
+	    dir (car elt)
+	    switches (or (nth 3 elt) dired-internal-switches))
+      (condition-case ()
+	  (dired-insert-subdir dir switches)
+	(error nil)))))
+
+(defun dired-uncache (file dir-p)
+  ;; Remove directory DIR from any directory cache.
+  ;; If DIR-P is non-nil, then FILE is a directory
+  (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler file 'dired-uncache)))
+    (if handler
+	(funcall handler 'dired-uncache file dir-p))))
+
+
+;;;; -------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Inserting subdirectories
+;;;; -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-maybe-insert-subdir (dirname &optional
+					  switches no-error-if-not-dir-p)
+  "Insert this subdirectory into the same dired buffer.
+If it is already present, just move to it (type \\[dired-do-redisplay] to 
+  refresh), else inserts it at its natural place (as ls -lR would have done).
+With a prefix arg, you may edit the ls switches used for this listing.
+  You can add `R' to the switches to expand the whole tree starting at
+  this subdirectory.
+This function takes some pains to conform to ls -lR output."
+  (interactive
+   (list (dired-get-filename)
+	 (if current-prefix-arg
+	     (dired-make-switches-list
+	      (read-string "Switches for listing: "
+			   (dired-make-switches-string
+			    dired-internal-switches))))))
+  (let ((opoint (point)))
+    ;; We don't need a marker for opoint as the subdir is always
+    ;; inserted *after* opoint.
+    (setq dirname (file-name-as-directory dirname))
+    (or (and (not switches)
+	     (dired-goto-subdir dirname))
+	(dired-insert-subdir dirname switches no-error-if-not-dir-p))
+    ;; Push mark so that it's easy to find back.  Do this after the
+    ;; insert message so that the user sees the `Mark set' message.
+    (push-mark opoint)))
+
+(defun dired-insert-subdir (dir-or-list &optional
+					switches no-error-if-not-dir-p no-posn)
+  "Insert this subdirectory into the same dired buffer.
+If it is already present, overwrites previous entry,
+  else inserts it at its natural place (as ls -lR would have done).
+With a prefix arg, you may edit the ls switches used for this listing.
+  You can add `R' to the switches to expand the whole tree starting at
+  this subdirectory.
+This function takes some pains to conform to ls -lR output."
+  ;; NO-ERROR-IF-NOT-DIR-P needed for special filesystems like
+  ;; Prospero where dired-ls does the right thing, but
+  ;; file-directory-p has not been redefined.
+  ;; SWITCHES should be a list.
+  ;; If NO-POSN is non-nil, doesn't bother position the point at
+  ;; the first nontrivial file line.  This can be used as an efficiency
+  ;; hack when calling this from a program.
+  (interactive
+   (list (dired-get-filename)
+	 (if current-prefix-arg
+	     (dired-make-switches-list
+	      (read-string "Switches for listing: "
+			   (dired-make-switches-string
+			    dired-internal-switches))))))
+  (let ((dirname (if (consp dir-or-list) (car dir-or-list) dir-or-list)))
+    (setq dirname (file-name-as-directory (expand-file-name dirname)))
+    (or (dired-in-this-tree dirname (expand-file-name default-directory))
+	(error  "%s: not in this directory tree" dirname))
+    (or no-error-if-not-dir-p
+	(file-directory-p dirname)
+	(error  "Attempt to insert a non-directory: %s" dirname))
+    (if switches
+	(or (dired-compatible-switches-p dired-internal-switches switches)
+	    (error "Cannot have subdirs with %s and %s switches together."
+		   (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches)
+		   (dired-make-switches-string switches)))
+      (setq switches dired-internal-switches))
+    (let ((elt (assoc dirname dired-subdir-alist))
+	  mark-alist opoint-max buffer-read-only)
+      (if (memq ?R switches)
+	  ;; avoid duplicated subdirs
+	  (progn
+	    (setq mark-alist (dired-kill-tree dirname t))
+	    (dired-insert-subdir-newpos dirname))
+	(if elt
+	    ;; If subdir is already present, remove it and remember its marks
+	    (setq mark-alist (dired-insert-subdir-del elt))
+	  ;; else move to new position
+	  (dired-insert-subdir-newpos dirname)))
+      (setq opoint-max (point-max))
+      (condition-case nil
+	  (dired-insert-subdir-doupdate
+	   dirname (dired-insert-subdir-doinsert dir-or-list switches)
+	   switches elt mark-alist)
+	(quit ; watch out for aborted inserts
+	 (and (= opoint-max (point-max))
+	      (null elt)
+	      (= (preceding-char) ?\n)
+	      (delete-char -1))
+	 (signal 'quit nil))))
+    (or no-posn (dired-initial-position dirname))))
+
+(defun dired-do-insert-subdir ()
+  "Insert all marked subdirectories in situ that are not yet inserted.
+Non-directories are silently ignored."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((files (or (dired-get-marked-files)
+		   (error "No files marked."))))
+    (while files
+      (if (file-directory-p (car files))
+	  (save-excursion (dired-maybe-insert-subdir (car files))))
+      (setq files (cdr files)))))
+
+;;; Utilities for inserting subdirectories
+
+(defun dired-insert-subdir-newpos (new-dir)
+  ;; Find pos for new subdir, according to tree order.
+  (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist) elt dir new-pos)
+    (while alist
+      (setq elt (car alist)
+	    alist (cdr alist)
+	    dir (car elt))
+      (if (dired-tree-lessp dir new-dir)
+	  ;; Insert NEW-DIR after DIR
+	  (setq new-pos (dired-get-subdir-max elt)
+		alist nil)))
+    (goto-char new-pos))
+  (insert "\n")
+  (point))
+
+(defun dired-insert-subdir-del (element)
+  ;; Erase an already present subdir (given by ELEMENT) from buffer.
+  ;; Move to that buffer position.  Return a mark-alist.
+  (let ((begin-marker (dired-get-subdir-min element)))
+    (goto-char begin-marker)
+    ;; Are at beginning of subdir (and inside it!).  Now determine its end:
+    (goto-char (dired-subdir-max))
+    (prog1
+	(dired-remember-marks begin-marker (point))
+      (delete-region begin-marker (point)))))
+
+(defun dired-insert-subdir-doinsert (dir-or-list switches)
+  ;; Insert ls output after point and put point on the correct
+  ;; position for the subdir alist.
+  ;; Return the boundary of the inserted text (as list of BEG and END).
+  ;; SWITCHES should be a non-nil list.
+  (let ((begin (point))
+	(dirname (if (consp dir-or-list) (car dir-or-list) dir-or-list))
+	end)
+    (message "Reading directory %s..." dirname)
+    (if (string-equal dirname (car (car (reverse dired-subdir-alist))))
+	;; top level directory may contain wildcards:
+	(let ((dired-internal-switches switches))
+	  (dired-readin-insert dired-directory
+			       (null (file-directory-p dired-directory))))
+      (let ((switches (dired-make-switches-string switches))
+	    (insert-directory-program dired-ls-program))
+	(if (consp dir-or-list)
+	    (progn
+	      (insert "list wildcard\n")
+	      (mapcar
+	       (function
+		(lambda (x)
+		  (insert-directory x switches t)))
+	       (cdr dir-or-list)))
+	  (insert-directory dirname switches nil t))))
+    (message "Reading directory %s...done" dirname)
+    (setq end (point-marker))
+    (dired-indent-listing begin end)
+    (dired-insert-set-properties begin end)
+    ;;  call dired-insert-headerline afterwards, as under VMS dired-ls
+    ;;  does insert the headerline itself and the insert function just
+    ;;  moves point.
+    ;;  Need a marker for END as this inserts text.
+    (goto-char begin)
+    (dired-insert-headerline dirname)
+    ;; point is now like in dired-build-subdir-alist
+    (prog1
+	(list begin (marker-position end))
+      (set-marker end nil))))
+
+(defun dired-insert-subdir-doupdate (dirname beg-end switches elt mark-alist)
+  ;; Point is at the correct subdir alist position for ELT,
+  ;; BEG-END is the subdir-region (as list of begin and end).
+  ;; SWITCHES must be a non-nil list.
+  (if (memq ?R switches)
+      ;; This will remove ?R from switches on purpose.
+      (let ((dired-internal-switches (delq ?R switches)))
+	(dired-build-subdir-alist))
+    (if elt
+	(progn
+	  (set-marker (dired-get-subdir-min elt) (point-marker))
+	  (setcar (nthcdr 3 elt) switches)
+	  (if dired-verify-modtimes
+	      (dired-set-file-modtime dirname dired-subdir-alist)))
+      (dired-alist-add dirname (point-marker) dired-omit-files switches)))
+  (save-excursion
+    (let ((begin (nth 0 beg-end))
+	  (end (nth 1 beg-end)))
+      (goto-char begin)
+      (save-restriction
+	(narrow-to-region begin end)
+	;; hook may add or delete lines, but the subdir boundary
+	;; marker floats
+	(run-hooks 'dired-after-readin-hook)
+	(if mark-alist (dired-mark-remembered mark-alist))
+	(dired-do-hide dired-kill-marker-char)
+	(if (if elt (nth 2 elt) dired-omit-files)
+	    (dired-omit-expunge nil t))))))
+
+
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Dired motion commands -- moving around in the dired buffer.
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------
+	
+(defun dired-next-line (arg)
+  "Move down lines then position at filename.
+Optional prefix ARG says how many lines to move; default is one line."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (condition-case err
+      (next-line arg)
+    (error
+     (if (eobp)
+	 (error "End of buffer")
+       (error "%s" err))))
+  (dired-move-to-filename)
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-previous-line (arg)
+  "Move up lines then position at filename.
+Optional prefix ARG says how many lines to move; default is one line."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (previous-line arg)
+  (dired-move-to-filename)
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-scroll-up (arg)
+  "Dired version of scroll up.
+Scroll text of current window upward ARG lines; or near full screen if no ARG.
+When calling from a program, supply a number as argument or nil."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (scroll-up arg)
+  (dired-move-to-filename)
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-scroll-down (arg)
+  "Dired version of scroll-down.
+Scroll text of current window down ARG lines; or near full screen if no ARG.
+When calling from a program, supply a number as argument or nil."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (scroll-down arg)
+  (dired-move-to-filename)
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-beginning-of-buffer (arg)
+  "Dired version of `beginning of buffer'."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (beginning-of-buffer arg)
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-end-of-buffer (arg)
+  "Dired version of `end-of-buffer'."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (end-of-buffer arg)
+  (while (not (or (dired-move-to-filename) (dired-get-subdir) (bobp)))
+    (forward-line -1))
+  (dired-update-mode-line t))
+
+(defun dired-next-dirline (arg &optional opoint)
+  "Goto ARG'th next directory file line."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if dired-re-dir
+      (progn
+	(dired-check-ls-l)
+	(or opoint (setq opoint (point)))
+	(if (if (> arg 0)
+		(re-search-forward dired-re-dir nil t arg)
+	      (beginning-of-line)
+	      (re-search-backward dired-re-dir nil t (- arg)))
+	    (progn
+	      (dired-move-to-filename)		; user may type `i' or `f'
+	      (dired-update-mode-line))
+	  (goto-char opoint)
+	  (error "No more subdirectories")))))
+
+(defun dired-prev-dirline (arg)
+  "Goto ARG'th previous directory file line."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (dired-next-dirline (- arg)))
+
+(defun dired-next-marked-file (arg &optional wrap opoint)
+  "Move to the next marked file, wrapping around the end of the buffer."
+  (interactive "p\np")
+  (or opoint (setq opoint (point))) ; return to where interactively started
+  (if (if (> arg 0)
+	  (re-search-forward dired-re-mark nil t arg)
+	(beginning-of-line)
+	(re-search-backward dired-re-mark nil t (- arg)))
+      (dired-move-to-filename)
+    (if (null wrap)
+	(progn
+	  (goto-char opoint)
+	  (error "No next marked file"))
+      (message "(Wraparound for next marked file)")
+      (goto-char (if (> arg 0) (point-min) (point-max)))
+      (dired-next-marked-file arg nil opoint)))
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-prev-marked-file (arg &optional wrap)
+  "Move to the previous marked file, wrapping around the end of the buffer."
+  (interactive "p\np")
+  (dired-next-marked-file (- arg) wrap)
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+(defun dired-goto-file (file)
+  "Goto file line of FILE in this dired buffer."
+  ;; Return value of point on success, else nil.
+  ;; FILE must be an absolute pathname.
+  ;; Loses if FILE contains control chars like "\007" for which ls
+  ;; either inserts "?" or "\\007" into the buffer, so we won't find
+  ;; it in the buffer.
+  (interactive
+   (prog1				; let push-mark display its message
+       (list
+	(let* ((dired-completer-buffer (current-buffer))
+	       (dired-completer-switches dired-internal-switches)
+	       (stack (reverse
+		       (mapcar (function
+				(lambda (x)
+				  (dired-abbreviate-file-name (car x))))
+			       dired-subdir-alist)))
+	       (initial (car stack))
+	       (dired-goto-file-history (cdr stack))
+	       dired-completer-cache)
+	  (expand-file-name
+	   (dired-completing-read "Goto file: "
+				  'dired-goto-file-completer
+				  nil t initial 'dired-goto-file-history))))
+     (push-mark)))
+  (setq file (directory-file-name file)) ; does no harm if no directory
+  (let (found case-fold-search)
+    (save-excursion
+      (if (dired-goto-subdir (or (file-name-directory file)
+				 (error "Need absolute pathname for %s"
+					file)))
+	  (let* ((base (file-name-nondirectory file))
+		 ;; filenames are preceded by SPC, this makes
+		 ;; the search faster (e.g. for the filename "-"!).
+		 (search (concat " " (dired-make-filename-string base t)))
+		 (boundary (dired-subdir-max))
+		 fn)
+	    (while (and (not found) (search-forward search boundary 'move))
+	      ;; Match could have BASE just as initial substring or
+	      ;; or in permission bits or date or
+	      ;; not be a proper filename at all:
+	      (if (and (setq fn (dired-get-filename 'no-dir t))
+		       (string-equal fn base))
+		  ;; Must move to filename since an (actually
+		  ;; correct) match could have been elsewhere on the
+		  ;; line (e.g. "-" would match somewhere in the
+		  ;; permission bits).
+		  (setq found (dired-move-to-filename)))))))
+    (and found
+	 ;; return value of point (i.e., FOUND):
+	 (prog1
+	     (goto-char found)
+	   (dired-update-mode-line)))))
+
+;;; Moving by subdirectories
+
+(defun dired-up-directory (arg)
+  "Move to the ARG'th (prefix arg) parent directory of current directory.
+Always stays within the current tree dired buffer.  Will insert new
+subdirectories if necessary."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if (< arg 0) (error "Can't go up a negative number of directories!"))
+  (or (zerop arg)
+      (let* ((dir (dired-current-directory))
+	     (n arg)
+	     (up dir))
+	(while (> n 0)
+	  (setq up (file-name-directory (directory-file-name up))
+		n (1- n)))
+	(if (and (< (length up) (length dired-directory))
+		 (dired-in-this-tree dired-directory up))
+	    (if (or (memq 'create-top-dir dired-no-confirm)
+		    (y-or-n-p
+		     (format "Insert new top dir %s and rename buffer? "
+			     (dired-abbreviate-file-name up))))
+		(let ((newname (let (buff)
+				  (unwind-protect
+				      (buffer-name
+				       (setq buff
+					     (create-file-buffer
+					      (directory-file-name up))))
+				    (kill-buffer buff))))
+		      (buffer-read-only nil))
+		  (push-mark)
+		  (widen)
+		  (goto-char (point-min))
+		  (insert-before-markers "\n")
+		  (forward-char -1)
+		  (dired-insert-subdir-doupdate
+		   up (dired-insert-subdir-doinsert up dired-internal-switches)
+		   dired-internal-switches nil nil)
+		  (dired-initial-position up)
+		  (rename-buffer newname)
+		  (dired-unadvertise default-directory)
+		  (setq default-directory up
+			dired-directory up)
+		  (dired-advertise)))
+	  (dired-maybe-insert-subdir up)))))
+
+(defun dired-down-directory ()
+  "Go down in the dired tree.
+Moves to the first subdirectory of the current directory, which exists in
+the dired buffer.  Does not take a prefix argument."
+  ;; What would a prefix mean here?
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((dir (dired-current-directory)) ; has slash
+	(rest (reverse dired-subdir-alist))
+	pos elt)
+    (while rest
+      (setq elt (car rest))
+      (if (dired-in-this-tree (directory-file-name (car elt)) dir)
+	  (setq rest nil
+		pos (dired-goto-subdir (car elt)))
+	(setq rest (cdr rest))))
+    (prog1
+	(if pos
+	    (progn
+	      (push-mark)
+	      (goto-char pos))
+	  (error "At the bottom"))
+      (dired-update-mode-line t))))
+
+(defun dired-next-subdir (arg &optional no-error-if-not-found no-skip)
+  "Go to next subdirectory, regardless of level."
+  ;; Use 0 arg to go to this directory's header line.
+  ;; NO-SKIP prevents moving to end of header line, returning whatever
+  ;; position was found in dired-subdir-alist.
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let ((this-dir (dired-current-directory))
+	pos index)
+    ;; nth with negative arg does not return nil but the first element
+    (setq index (- (length dired-subdir-alist)
+		   (length (memq (assoc this-dir dired-subdir-alist)
+				 dired-subdir-alist))
+		   arg))
+    (setq pos (if (>= index 0)
+		  (dired-get-subdir-min (nth index dired-subdir-alist))))
+    (if pos
+	(if no-skip
+	    (goto-char pos)
+	  (goto-char pos)
+	  (skip-chars-forward "^\r\n")
+	  (if (= (following-char) ?\r)
+	      (skip-chars-backward "." (- (point) 3)))
+	  (dired-update-mode-line t)
+	  (point))
+      (if no-error-if-not-found
+	  nil				; return nil if not found
+	(error "%s directory" (if (> arg 0) "Last" "First"))))))
+
+(defun dired-prev-subdir (arg &optional no-error-if-not-found no-skip)
+  "Go to previous subdirectory, regardless of level.
+When called interactively and not on a subdir line, go to this subdir's line."
+  (interactive
+   (list (if current-prefix-arg
+	     (prefix-numeric-value current-prefix-arg)
+	   ;; if on subdir start already, don't stay there!
+	   (if (dired-get-subdir) 1 0))))
+  (dired-next-subdir (- arg) no-error-if-not-found no-skip))
+
+(defun dired-goto-subdir (dir)
+  "Goto end of header line of DIR in this dired buffer.
+Return value of point on success, otherwise return nil.
+The next char is either \\n, or \\r if DIR is hidden."
+  (interactive
+   (prog1				; let push-mark display its message
+       (list
+	(let* ((table (mapcar
+		       (function
+			(lambda (x)
+			  (list (dired-abbreviate-file-name
+				 (car x)))))
+		       dired-subdir-alist))
+	       (stack (reverse (mapcar 'car table)))
+	       (initial (car stack))
+	       (dired-goto-file-history (cdr stack)))
+	  (expand-file-name
+	   (dired-completing-read "Goto subdirectory " table nil t
+				  initial 'dired-goto-file-history))))
+     (push-mark)))
+  (setq dir (file-name-as-directory dir))
+  (let ((elt (assoc dir dired-subdir-alist)))
+    (and elt
+	 ;; need to make sure that we get where we're going.
+	 ;; beware: narrowing might be in effect
+	 (eq (goto-char (dired-get-subdir-min elt)) (point))
+	 (progn
+	   ;; dired-subdir-hidden-p and dired-add-entry depend on point being
+	   ;; at either \n or looking-at ...\r after this function succeeds.
+	   (skip-chars-forward "^\r\n")
+	   (if (= (preceding-char) ?.)
+	       (skip-chars-backward "." (- (point) 3)))
+	   (if (interactive-p) (dired-update-mode-line))
+	   (point)))))
+
+;;; Internals for motion commands
+
+(defun dired-update-mode-line (&optional force)
+  "Updates the mode line in dired according to the position of the point.
+Normally this uses a cache of the boundaries of the current subdirectory,
+but if the optional argument FORCE is non-nil, then modeline is always
+updated and the cache is recomputed."
+  (if (or force
+	  (>= (point) dired-curr-subdir-max)
+	  (< (point) dired-curr-subdir-min))
+      (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist)
+	    min max)
+	(while (and alist (< (point)
+			     (setq min (dired-get-subdir-min (car alist)))))
+	  (setq alist (cdr alist)
+		max min))
+	(setq dired-curr-subdir-max (or max (point-max-marker))
+	      dired-curr-subdir-min (or min (point-min-marker))
+	      dired-subdir-omit (nth 2 (car alist)))
+	(dired-sort-set-modeline (nth 3 (car alist))))))
+
+(defun dired-manual-move-to-filename (&optional raise-error bol eol)
+  "In dired, move to first char of filename on this line.
+Returns position (point) or nil if no filename on this line."
+  ;; This is the UNIX version.
+  ;; have to be careful that we don't move to omitted files
+  (let (case-fold-search)
+    
+    (or eol (setq eol (save-excursion (skip-chars-forward "^\r\n") (point))))
+    (or bol (setq bol (progn (skip-chars-backward "^\r\n") (point))))
+    
+    (if (or (memq ?l dired-internal-switches)
+	    (memq ?g dired-internal-switches))
+	(if (and
+	     (> (- eol bol) 17)         ; a valid file line must have at least
+					; 17 chars. 2 leading, 10 perms,
+					; separator, node #, separator, owner,
+					; separator
+	     (goto-char (+ bol 17))
+	     (re-search-forward dired-re-month-and-time eol t))
+	    (point)
+	  (goto-char bol)
+	  (if raise-error
+	      (error "No file on this line")
+	    nil))
+      ;; else ls switches don't contain -l.
+      ;; Note that even if we make dired-move-to-filename and
+      ;; dired-move-to-end-of-filename (and thus dired-get-filename)
+      ;; work, all commands that gleaned information from the permission
+      ;; bits (like dired-mark-directories) will cease to work properly.
+      (if (= bol eol)
+	  (if raise-error
+	      (error "No file on this line")
+	    nil)
+	;; skip marker, if any
+	(goto-char bol)
+	(forward-char))
+      ;; If we not going to use the l switch, and use nstd listings,
+      ;; then we must bomb on files starting with spaces.
+      (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+      (point))))
+
+(defun dired-manual-move-to-end-of-filename (&optional no-error bol eol)
+  ;; Assumes point is at beginning of filename,
+  ;; thus the rwx bit re-search-backward below will succeed in *this*
+  ;; line if at all.  So, it should be called only after
+  ;; (dired-move-to-filename t).
+  ;; On failure, signals an error (with non-nil NO-ERROR just returns nil).
+  ;; This is the UNIX version.
+  (let ((bof (point))
+	file-type modes-start case-fold-search)
+    (or eol (setq eol (save-excursion (skip-chars-forward "^\r\n") (point))))
+    (or bol (setq bol (save-excursion (skip-chars-backward "^\r\n") (point))))
+    (and
+     (null no-error)
+     selective-display
+     (eq (char-after (1- bol)) ?\r)
+     (cond
+      ((dired-subdir-hidden-p (dired-current-directory))
+       (error
+	(substitute-command-keys
+	 "File line is hidden. Type \\[dired-hide-subdir] to unhide.")))
+      ((error
+	(substitute-command-keys
+	 "File line is omitted. Type \\[dired-omit-toggle] to un-omit.")))))
+    (if (or (memq ?l dired-internal-switches)
+	    (memq ?g dired-internal-switches))
+	(if (save-excursion
+	      (goto-char bol)
+	      (re-search-forward
+	       "[^ ][-r][-w][^ ][-r][-w][^ ][-r][-w][^ ][-+ 0-9+]"
+	       bof t))
+	    (progn
+	      (setq modes-start (match-beginning 0)
+		    file-type (char-after modes-start))
+	      ;; Move point to end of name:
+	      (if (eq file-type ?l) ; symlink
+		  (progn
+		    (if (search-forward " -> " eol t)
+			(goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+		      (goto-char eol))
+		    (and dired-ls-F-marks-symlinks
+			 (eq (preceding-char) ?@) ; link really marked?
+			 (memq ?F dired-internal-switches)
+			 (forward-char -1))
+		    (point))
+		;; else not a symbolic link
+		(goto-char eol)
+		;; ls -lF marks dirs, sockets and executables with exactly
+		;; one trailing character. -F may not actually be honored, 
+		;; e.g. by an FTP ls in efs
+		(and
+		 (memq ?F dired-internal-switches)
+		 (let ((char (preceding-char)))
+		   (or (and (eq char ?*) (or
+					  (memq
+					   (char-after (+ modes-start 3))
+					   '(?x ?s ?t))
+					  (memq
+					   (char-after (+ modes-start 6))
+					   '(?x ?s ?t))
+					  (memq
+					   (char-after (+ modes-start 9))
+					   '(?x ?s ?t))))
+		       (and (eq char ?=) (eq file-type ?s))))
+		 (forward-char -1))
+		;; Skip back over /'s unconditionally.  It's not a valid
+		;; file name character.
+		(skip-chars-backward "/")
+		(point)))
+	  (and (null no-error)
+	       (error "No file on this line")))
+      
+      ;; A brief listing
+      (if (eq (point) eol)
+	  (and (null no-error)
+	       (error "No file on this line"))
+	(goto-char eol)
+	(if (and (memq (preceding-char) '(?@ ?* ?=))
+		 (memq ?F dired-internal-switches))
+	    ;; A guess, since without a long listing, we can't be sure.
+	    (forward-char -1))
+	(skip-chars-backward "/")
+	(point)))))
+
+(defun dired-goto-next-nontrivial-file ()
+  ;; Position point on first nontrivial file after point.
+  ;; Does not move into the next sudir.
+  ;; If point is on a file line, moves to that file.
+  ;; This does not move to omitted files.
+  (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+  (if (= (preceding-char) ?\r)
+      (forward-line 1))
+  (let ((max (dired-subdir-max))
+	file)
+    (while (and (or (not (setq file (dired-get-filename 'no-dir t)))
+		    (string-match dired-trivial-filenames file))
+		(< (point) max))
+      (forward-line 1)))
+  (dired-move-to-filename))
+
+(defun dired-goto-next-file ()
+  ;; Doesn't move out of current subdir. Does go to omitted files.
+  ;; Returns the starting position of the file, or nil if none found.
+  (let ((max (dired-subdir-max))
+	found)
+    (while (and (null (setq found (dired-move-to-filename))) (< (point) max))
+      (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+      (forward-char 1))
+    found))
+
+;; fluid vars used by dired-goto-file-completer
+(defvar dired-completer-buffer nil)
+(defvar dired-completer-switches nil)
+(defvar dired-completer-cache nil)
+
+(defun dired-goto-file-completer (string pred action)
+  (save-excursion
+    (set-buffer dired-completer-buffer)
+    (let* ((saved-md (match-data))
+	   (file (file-name-nondirectory string))
+	   (dir (file-name-directory string))
+	   (xstring (expand-file-name string))
+	   (xdir (file-name-directory xstring))
+	   (exact (dired-goto-file xstring)))
+      (unwind-protect
+	  (if (dired-goto-subdir xdir)
+	      (let ((table (cdr (assoc xdir dired-completer-cache)))
+		    fn result max)
+		(or table
+		    (progn
+		      (setq table (make-vector 37 0))
+		      (mapcar (function
+			       (lambda (ent)
+				 (setq ent (directory-file-name
+					    (car ent)))
+				 (if (string-equal
+				      (file-name-directory ent) xdir)
+				     (intern
+				      (concat
+				       (file-name-nondirectory ent) "/")
+				      table))))
+			      dired-subdir-alist)
+		      (or (looking-at "\\.\\.\\.\n\r")
+			  (progn
+			    (setq max (dired-subdir-max))
+			    (while (and
+				    (< (point) max)
+				    (not
+				     (setq fn
+					   (dired-get-filename 'no-dir t))))
+			      (forward-line 1))
+			    (if fn
+				(progn
+				  (or (intern-soft (concat fn "/") table)
+				      (intern fn table))
+				  (forward-line 1)
+				  (while (setq fn
+					       (dired-get-filename 'no-dir t))
+				    (or (intern-soft (concat fn "/") table)
+					(intern fn table))
+				    (forward-line 1))))))
+		      (setq dired-completer-cache (cons
+						   (cons xdir table)
+						   dired-completer-cache))))
+		(cond
+		 ((null action)
+		  (setq result (try-completion file table))
+		  (if exact
+		      (if (stringp result)
+			  string
+			t)
+		    (if (stringp result)
+			(concat dir result)
+		      result)))
+		 ((eq action t)
+		  (setq result (all-completions file table))
+		  (if exact (cons "." result) result))
+		 ((eq 'lambda action)
+		  (and (or exact (intern-soft file table)))))))
+	(store-match-data saved-md)))))
+
+(defun dired-really-goto-file (file)
+  ;; Goes to a file, even if it needs to insert it parent directory.
+  (or (dired-goto-file file)
+      (progn				; refresh and try again
+	(dired-insert-subdir (file-name-directory file))
+	(dired-goto-file file))))
+
+(defun dired-between-files ()
+  ;; Point must be at beginning of line
+  (save-excursion (not (dired-move-to-filename nil (point)))))
+
+(defun dired-repeat-over-lines (arg function)
+  ;; This version skips non-file lines.
+  ;; Skips file lines hidden with selective display.
+  ;; BACKWARDS means move backwards after each action.  This is not the same
+  ;; as a negative arg, as that skips the current line.
+  (beginning-of-line)
+  (let* ((advance (cond ((> arg 0) 1) ((< arg 0) -1) (t nil)))
+	 (check-fun (if (eq advance 1) 'eobp 'bobp))
+	 (n (if (< arg 0) (- arg) arg))
+	 (wall (funcall check-fun))
+	 (done wall))
+    (while (not done)
+      (if advance
+	  (progn
+	    (while  (not (or (save-excursion (dired-move-to-filename))
+			     (setq wall (funcall check-fun))))
+	      (forward-line advance))
+	    (or wall
+		(progn
+		  (save-excursion (funcall function))
+		  (forward-line advance)
+		  (while (not (or (save-excursion (dired-move-to-filename))
+				  (setq wall (funcall check-fun))))
+		    (forward-line advance))
+		  (setq done (or (zerop (setq n (1- n))) wall)))))
+	(if (save-excursion (dired-move-to-filename))
+	    (save-excursion (funcall function)))
+	(setq done t))))
+  (dired-move-to-filename)
+  ;; Note that if possible the point has now been moved to the beginning of
+  ;; the file name.
+  (dired-update-mode-line))
+
+
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Miscellaneous dired commands
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-quit ()
+  "Bury the current dired buffer."
+  (interactive)
+  (bury-buffer))
+
+(defun dired-undo ()
+  "Undo in a dired buffer.
+This doesn't recover lost files, it is just normal undo with temporarily
+writeable buffer.  You can use it to recover marks, killed lines or subdirs."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((lines (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)))
+	buffer-read-only)
+    (undo)
+    ;; reset dired-subdir-alist, if a dir may have been affected
+    ;; Is there a better way to guess this?
+    (setq lines (- (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) lines))
+    (if (or (>= lines 2) (<= lines -2))
+	(dired-build-subdir-alist)))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+  (dired-update-mode-line t))
+
+
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Immediate actions on files: visiting, viewing, etc.
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-find-file ()
+  "In dired, visit the file or directory named on this line."
+  (interactive)
+  (find-file (dired-get-filename)))
+
+(defun dired-view-file ()
+  "In dired, examine a file in view mode, returning to dired when done.
+When file is a directory, show it in this buffer if it is inserted;
+otherwise, display it in another buffer."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((file (dired-get-filename)))
+    (if (file-directory-p file)
+	(or (dired-goto-subdir file)
+	    (dired file))
+      (view-file file))))
+
+(defun dired-find-file-other-window (&optional display)
+  "In dired, visit this file or directory in another window.
+With a prefix, the file is displayed, but the window is not selected."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if display
+      (dired-display-file)
+    (find-file-other-window (dired-get-filename))))
+
+;; Only for Emacs 19
+(defun dired-find-file-other-frame ()
+  "In dired, visit this file or directory in another frame."
+  (interactive)
+  (find-file-other-frame (dired-get-filename)))
+
+(defun dired-display-file ()
+  "In dired, displays this file or directory in the other window."
+  (interactive)
+  (display-buffer (find-file-noselect (dired-get-filename))))
+
+;; After an idea by wurgler@zippysun.math.uakron.edu (Tom Wurgler).
+(defun dired-do-find-file (&optional arg)
+  "Visit all marked files at once, and display them simultaneously.
+See also function `simultaneous-find-file'.
+If you want to keep the dired buffer displayed, type \\[split-window-vertically] first.
+If you want just the marked files displayed and nothing else, type \\[delete-other-windows] first."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-simultaneous-find-file (dired-get-marked-files nil arg)))
+
+(defun dired-simultaneous-find-file (file-list)
+  "Visit all files in FILE-LIST and display them simultaneously.
+
+The current window is split across all files in FILE-LIST, as evenly
+as possible.  Remaining lines go to the bottommost window.
+
+The number of files that can be displayed this way is restricted by
+the height of the current window and the variable `window-min-height'."
+  ;; It is usually too clumsy to specify FILE-LIST interactively
+  ;; unless via dired (dired-do-find-file).
+  (let ((size (/ (window-height) (length file-list))))
+    (or (<= window-min-height size)
+	(error "Too many files to visit simultaneously"))
+    (find-file (car file-list))
+    (setq file-list (cdr file-list))
+    (while file-list
+      ;; Split off vertically a window of the desired size
+      ;; The upper window will have SIZE lines.  We select the lower
+      ;; (larger) window because we want to split that again.
+      (select-window (split-window nil size))
+      (find-file (car file-list))
+      (setq file-list (cdr file-list)))))
+
+(defun dired-create-directory (directory)
+  "Create a directory called DIRECTORY."
+  (interactive
+   (list (read-file-name "Create directory: "
+			 (dired-abbreviate-file-name
+			  (dired-current-directory)))))
+  (let ((expanded (expand-file-name directory)))
+    (make-directory expanded)
+    ;; Because this function is meant to be called interactively, it moves
+    ;; the point.
+    (dired-goto-file expanded)))
+
+(defun dired-recover-file ()
+  "Recovers file from its autosave file.
+If the file is an autosave file, then recovers its associated file instead."
+  (interactive)
+  (let* ((file (dired-get-filename))
+	 (name (file-name-nondirectory file))
+	 (asp (auto-save-file-name-p name))
+	 (orig (and
+		asp
+		(if (fboundp 'auto-save-original-name)
+		    (auto-save-original-name file)
+		  (error
+		   "Need auto-save package to compute original file name."))))
+	 (buff (if asp
+		   (and orig (get-file-buffer orig))
+		 (get-file-buffer file))))
+    (and
+     buff
+     (buffer-modified-p buff)
+     (or
+      (yes-or-no-p
+       (format
+	"Recover file will erase the modified buffer %s.  Do it? "
+	(buffer-name buff)))
+      (error "Recover file aborted.")))
+    (if asp
+	(if orig
+	    (recover-file orig)
+	  (find-file file))
+      (recover-file file))))
+
+
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Functions for extracting and manipulating file names
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-make-filename-string (filename &optional reverse)
+  ;; Translates the way that a file name appears in a buffer, to
+  ;; how it is used in a path name.  This is useful for non-unix
+  ;; support in efs.
+  filename)
+
+(defun dired-get-filename (&optional localp no-error-if-not-filep)
+  "In dired, return name of file mentioned on this line.
+Value returned normally includes the directory name.
+Optional arg LOCALP with value `no-dir' means don't include directory
+  name in result.  A value of t means use path name relative to
+  `default-directory', which still may contain slashes if in a subdirectory.
+Optional arg NO-ERROR-IF-NOT-FILEP means return nil if no filename on
+  this line, otherwise an error occurs."
+
+  ;; Compute bol & eol once, rather than twice inside move-to-filename
+  ;; and move-to-end-of-filename
+  (let ((eol (save-excursion (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r") (point)))
+	(bol (save-excursion (skip-chars-backward "^\r\n") (point)))
+	case-fold-search file p1 p2)
+    (save-excursion
+      (and
+       (setq p1 (dired-move-to-filename (not no-error-if-not-filep) bol eol))
+       (setq p2 (dired-move-to-end-of-filename no-error-if-not-filep bol eol))
+       (setq file (buffer-substring p1 p2))
+       ;; Check if ls quoted the names, and unquote them.
+       ;; Using read to unquote is much faster than substituting
+       ;; \007 (4 chars) -> ^G  (1 char) etc. in a lisp loop.
+       (cond ((memq ?b dired-internal-switches) ; System V ls
+	      ;; This case is about 20% slower than without -b.
+	      (setq file
+		    (read
+		     (concat "\""
+			       ;; some ls -b don't escape quotes, argh!
+			     ;; This is not needed for GNU ls, though.
+			     (or (dired-string-replace-match
+				    "\\([^\\]\\)\"" file "\\1\\\\\"")
+				 file)
+			     "\""))))
+	       ;; If you do this, update dired-compatible-switches-p
+	     ;; ((memq ?Q dired-internal-switches) ; GNU ls
+	     ;;  (setq file (read file)))
+	       )))
+    (and file
+	 (if (eq localp 'no-dir)
+	     (dired-make-filename-string file)
+	   (concat (dired-current-directory localp)
+		   (dired-make-filename-string file))))))
+
+(defun dired-make-relative (file &optional dir no-error)
+  ;; Convert FILE (an *absolute* pathname) to a pathname relative to DIR.
+  ;; FILE must be absolute, or this function will return nonsense.
+  ;; If FILE is not in a subdir of DIR, an error is signalled,
+  ;; unless NO-ERROR is t. Then, ".."'s are inserted to give
+  ;; a relative representation of FILE wrto DIR
+  ;; eg.     FILE = /vol/tex/bin/foo DIR = /vol/local/bin/
+  ;;         results in  ../../tex/bin/foo
+  ;; DIR must be expanded.
+  ;; DIR defaults to default-directory.
+  ;; DIR must be file-name-as-directory, as with all directory args in
+  ;; elisp code.
+  (or dir (setq dir (expand-file-name default-directory)))
+  (let ((flen (length file))
+	(dlen (length dir)))
+    (if (and (> flen dlen)
+	     (string-equal (substring file 0 dlen) dir))
+	(substring file dlen)
+      ;; Need to insert ..'s
+      (or no-error (error  "%s: not in directory tree growing at %s" file dir))
+      (if (string-equal file dir)
+	  "./"
+	(let ((index 1)
+	      (count 0))
+	  (while (and (string-match "/" dir index)
+		      (<= (match-end 0) flen)
+		      (string-equal (substring file index (match-end 0))
+				    (substring dir index (match-end 0))))
+	    (setq index (match-end 0)))
+	  (setq file (substring file index))
+	  (if (and (/= flen index)
+		   (not (string-match "/" file))
+		   (< flen dlen)
+		   (string-equal file (substring dir index flen))
+		   (= (aref dir flen) ?/))
+	      (setq file "."
+		    count -1))
+	  ;; count how many slashes remain in dir.
+	  (while (string-match "/" dir index)
+	    (setq index (match-end 0)
+		  count (1+ count)))
+	  (apply 'concat (nconc (make-list count "../") (list file))))))))
+
+;;; Functions for manipulating file names.
+;;
+;;  Used by file tranformers.
+;;  Define here rather than in dired-shell.el, as it wouldn't be
+;;  unreasonable to use these elsewhere.
+
+(defun dired-file-name-base (fn)
+  "Returns the base name of FN.
+This is the file without directory part, and extension. See the variable
+`dired-filename-re-ext'."
+  (setq fn (file-name-nondirectory fn))
+  (if (string-match dired-filename-re-ext fn 1)
+      (substring fn 0 (match-beginning 0))
+    fn))
+
+(defun dired-file-name-extension (fn)
+  "Returns the extension for file name FN.
+See the variable dired-filename-re-ext'."
+  (setq fn (file-name-nondirectory fn))
+  (if (string-match dired-filename-re-ext fn 1)
+      (substring fn (match-beginning 0))
+    ""))
+
+(defun dired-file-name-sans-rcs-extension (fn)
+  "Returns the file name FN without its RCS extension \",v\"."
+  (setq fn (file-name-nondirectory fn))
+  (if (string-match ",v$" fn 1)
+      (substring fn 0 (match-beginning 0))
+    fn))
+
+(defun dired-file-name-sans-compress-extension (fn)
+  "Returns the file name FN without the extension from compress or gzip."
+  (setq fn (file-name-nondirectory fn))
+  (if (string-match "\\.\\([zZ]\\|gz\\)$" fn 1)
+      (substring fn (match-beginning 0))
+    fn))
+
+
+;;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Working with directory trees.
+;;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  This where code for the dired-subdir-alist is.
+
+;;; Utility functions for dired-subdir-alist
+
+(defun dired-normalize-subdir (dir)
+  ;; Prepend default-directory to DIR if relative path name.
+  ;; dired-get-filename must be able to make a valid filename from a
+  ;; file and its directory DIR.
+  ;; Fully expand everything.
+  (file-name-as-directory
+   (if (file-name-absolute-p dir)
+       (expand-file-name dir)
+     (expand-file-name dir (expand-file-name default-directory)))))
+
+(defun dired-get-subdir ()
+  ;;"Return the subdir name on this line, or nil if not on a headerline."
+  ;; Look up in the alist whether this is a headerline.
+  (save-excursion
+    (let ((cur-dir (dired-current-directory)))
+      (beginning-of-line)		; alist stores b-o-l positions
+      (and (zerop (- (point)
+		     (dired-get-subdir-min (assoc cur-dir
+						  dired-subdir-alist))))
+	   cur-dir))))
+
+(defun dired-get-subdir-max (elt)
+  ;; returns subdir max.
+  (let ((pos (- (length dired-subdir-alist)
+		(length (member elt dired-subdir-alist)))))
+    (if (zerop pos)
+	(point-max)
+      (1- (dired-get-subdir-min (nth (1- pos) dired-subdir-alist))))))
+
+(defun dired-clear-alist ()
+  ;; Set all markers in dired-subdir-alist to nil.  Set the alist to nil too.
+  (while dired-subdir-alist
+    (set-marker (dired-get-subdir-min (car dired-subdir-alist)) nil)
+    (setq dired-subdir-alist (cdr dired-subdir-alist))))
+
+(defun dired-unsubdir (dir)
+  ;; Remove DIR from the alist
+  (setq dired-subdir-alist
+	(delq (assoc dir dired-subdir-alist) dired-subdir-alist)))
+
+(defun dired-simple-subdir-alist ()
+  ;; Build and return `dired-subdir-alist' assuming just the top level
+  ;; directory to be inserted.  Don't parse the buffer.
+  (setq dired-subdir-alist
+	(list (list (expand-file-name default-directory)
+		    (point-min-marker) dired-omit-files
+		    dired-internal-switches nil)))
+  (if dired-verify-modtimes
+      (dired-set-file-modtime (expand-file-name default-directory)
+			      dired-subdir-alist)))
+
+(defun dired-build-subdir-alist ()
+  "Build `dired-subdir-alist' by parsing the buffer and return its new value."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((o-alist dired-subdir-alist)
+	(count 0)
+	subdir)
+    (dired-clear-alist)
+    (save-excursion
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward dired-subdir-regexp nil t)
+	(setq count (1+ count))
+	(apply 'dired-alist-add-1
+	       (setq subdir (buffer-substring (match-beginning 2)
+					      (match-end 2)))
+	       ;; Put subdir boundary between lines.
+	       (set-marker (make-marker) (match-end 1))
+	       (let ((elt (assoc subdir o-alist)))
+		 (if elt
+		     (list (nth 2 elt) (nth 3 elt))
+		   (list dired-omit-files dired-internal-switches)))))
+      (if (interactive-p)
+	  (message "%d director%s." count (if (= 1 count) "y" "ies")))
+      ;; We don't need to sort it because it is in buffer order per
+      ;; constructionem.  Return new alist:
+      ;; pointers for current-subdir may be stale
+      dired-subdir-alist)))
+
+(defun dired-alist-add (dir new-marker &optional omit switches)
+  ;; Add new DIR at NEW-MARKER.  Sort alist.
+  (dired-alist-add-1 dir new-marker omit switches)
+  (dired-alist-sort))
+
+(defun dired-alist-add-1 (dir new-marker &optional omit switches)
+  ;; Add new DIR at NEW-MARKER.  Don't sort.
+  (let ((dir (dired-normalize-subdir dir)))
+    (setq dired-subdir-alist
+	  (cons (list dir new-marker omit switches nil) dired-subdir-alist))
+    (if dired-verify-modtimes
+	(dired-set-file-modtime dir dired-subdir-alist))))
+
+(defun dired-alist-sort ()
+  ;; Keep the alist sorted on buffer position.
+  (setq dired-subdir-alist
+	(sort dired-subdir-alist
+	      (function (lambda (elt1 elt2)
+			  (> (dired-get-subdir-min elt1)
+			     (dired-get-subdir-min elt2)))))))
+
+;;; Utilities for working with subdirs in the dired buffer
+
+;; This function is the heart of tree dired.
+;; It is called for each retrieved filename.
+;; It could stand to be faster, though it's mostly function call
+;; overhead.  Avoiding to funcall seems to save about 10% in
+;; dired-get-filename.  Make it a defsubst?
+(defun dired-current-directory (&optional localp)
+  "Return the name of the subdirectory to which this line belongs.
+This returns a string with trailing slash, like `default-directory'.
+Optional argument means return a file name relative to `default-directory'.
+In this it returns \"\" for the top directory."
+  (let* ((here (point))
+	 (dir (catch 'done
+		(mapcar (function
+			 (lambda (x)
+			   (if (<= (dired-get-subdir-min x) here)
+			       (throw 'done (car x)))))
+			dired-subdir-alist))))
+    (if (listp dir) (error "dired-subdir-alist seems to be mangled"))
+    (if localp
+	(let ((def-dir (expand-file-name default-directory)))
+	  (if (string-equal dir def-dir)
+	      ""
+	    (dired-make-relative dir def-dir)))
+      dir)))
+
+;; Subdirs start at the beginning of their header lines and end just
+;; before the beginning of the next header line (or end of buffer).
+
+(defun dired-subdir-min ()
+  ;; Returns the minimum position of the current subdir
+  (save-excursion
+    (if (not (dired-prev-subdir 0 t t))
+	(error "Not in a subdir!")
+      (point))))
+
+(defun dired-subdir-max ()
+  ;; Returns the maximum position of the current subdir
+  (save-excursion
+    (if (dired-next-subdir 1 t t)
+	(1- (point)) ; Do not include separating empty line.
+      (point-max))))
+
+
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Deleting files
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-flag-file-deletion (arg)
+  "In dired, flag the current line's file for deletion.
+With prefix arg, repeat over several lines.
+
+If on a subdir headerline, mark all its files except `.' and `..'."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (dired-mark arg dired-del-marker))
+
+(defun dired-flag-file-deletion-backup (arg)
+  "Flag current file for deletion, and move to previous line.
+With a prefix ARG, repeats this ARG times."
+  (interactive "p")
+  ;; Use dired-mark-file and not dired-mark, as this function
+  ;; should do nothing special on subdir headers.
+  (dired-mark-file (- arg) dired-del-marker))
+
+(defun dired-flag-subdir-files ()
+  "Flag all the files in the current subdirectory for deletion."
+  (interactive)
+  (dired-mark-subdir-files dired-del-marker))
+
+(defun dired-unflag (arg)
+  "In dired, remove a deletion flag from the current line's file.
+Optional prefix ARG says how many lines to unflag."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let (buffer-read-only)
+    (dired-repeat-over-lines
+     arg
+     (function
+      (lambda ()
+	(if (char-equal (following-char) dired-del-marker)
+	    (progn
+	      (setq dired-del-flags-number (max (1- dired-del-flags-number) 0))
+	      (dired-substitute-marker (point) dired-del-marker ?\ )))))))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified))
+
+(defun dired-backup-unflag (arg)
+  "In dired, move up lines and remove deletion flag there.
+Optional prefix ARG says how many lines to unflag; default is one line."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (dired-unflag (- arg)))
+
+(defun dired-update-marker-counters (char &optional remove)
+  (or (memq char '(?\  ?\n ?\r))
+      (let ((counter (cond
+		      ((char-equal char dired-del-marker)
+		       'dired-del-flags-number)
+		      ((char-equal char dired-marker-char)
+		       'dired-marks-number)
+		  ('dired-other-marks-number))))
+	(if remove
+	    (set counter (max (1- (symbol-value counter)) 0))
+	  (set counter (1+ (symbol-value counter)))))))
+
+(defun dired-update-mode-line-modified (&optional check)
+  ;; Updates the value of mode-line-modified in dired.
+  ;; Currently assumes that it's of the form "-%%-", where % sometimes
+  ;; gets replaced by %.  Should allow some sort of config flag.
+  ;; SET is t to set to -DD-, nil to set to -%%-, and 'check means
+  ;; examine the buffer to find out.
+  (if check
+      (save-excursion
+	(let (char)
+	  (goto-char (point-min))
+	  (setq dired-del-flags-number 0
+		dired-marks-number 0
+		dired-other-marks-number 0)
+	  (while (not (eobp))
+	    (setq char (following-char))
+	    (cond
+	     ((char-equal char dired-del-marker)
+	      (setq dired-del-flags-number (1+ dired-del-flags-number)))
+	     ((char-equal char dired-marker-char)
+	      (setq dired-marks-number (1+ dired-marks-number)))
+	     ((memq char '(?\  ?\n ?\r))
+	      nil)
+	     ((setq dired-other-marks-number (1+ dired-other-marks-number))))
+	    (forward-line 1)))))
+  (setq mode-line-modified
+	(format dired-mode-line-modified
+		(if (zerop dired-del-flags-number)
+		    "--"
+		  (format "%d%c" dired-del-flags-number dired-del-marker))
+		(if (zerop dired-marks-number)
+		    "--"
+		  (format "%d%c" dired-marks-number dired-marker-char))
+		(if (zerop dired-other-marks-number)
+		    "-"
+		  (int-to-string dired-other-marks-number))))
+  (set-buffer-modified-p (buffer-modified-p)))
+
+(defun dired-do-deletions (&optional nomessage)
+  (dired-expunge-deletions))
+
+(defun dired-expunge-deletions ()
+  "In dired, delete the files flagged for deletion."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((files (let ((dired-marker-char dired-del-marker))
+		 (dired-map-over-marks (cons (dired-get-filename) (point))
+				       t))))
+    (if files
+	(progn
+	  (dired-internal-do-deletions files nil dired-del-marker)
+	  ;; In case the point gets left somewhere strange -- hope that
+	  ;; this doesn't cause asynch troubles later.
+	  (beginning-of-line)
+	  (dired-goto-next-nontrivial-file)
+	  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)) ; play safe, it's cheap
+      (message "(No deletions requested)"))))
+
+(defun dired-do-delete (&optional arg)
+  "Delete all marked (or next ARG) files."
+  ;; This is more consistent with the file marking feature than
+  ;; dired-expunge-deletions.
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-internal-do-deletions
+   ;; this may move point if ARG is an integer
+   (dired-map-over-marks (cons (dired-get-filename) (point))
+		   arg)
+   arg)
+  (beginning-of-line)
+  (dired-goto-next-nontrivial-file))
+
+(defun dired-internal-do-deletions (l arg &optional marker-char)
+  ;; L is an alist of files to delete, with their buffer positions.
+  ;; ARG is the prefix arg.
+  ;; Filenames are absolute (VMS needs this for logical search paths).
+  ;; (car L) *must* be the *last* (bottommost) file in the dired buffer.
+  ;; That way as changes are made in the buffer they do not shift the
+  ;; lines still to be changed, so the (point) values in L stay valid.
+  ;; Also, for subdirs in natural order, a subdir's files are deleted
+  ;; before the subdir itself - the other way around would not work.
+  (save-excursion
+    (let ((files (mapcar (function car) l))
+	  (count (length l))
+	  (succ 0)
+	  (cdir (dired-current-directory))
+	  failures)
+      ;; canonicalize file list for pop up
+      (setq files (nreverse (mapcar (function
+				     (lambda (fn)
+				       (dired-make-relative fn cdir t)))
+				    files)))
+      (if (or (memq 'delete dired-no-confirm)
+	      (dired-mark-pop-up
+	       " *Files Flagged for Deletion*" 'delete files
+	       dired-deletion-confirmer
+	       (format "Delete %s "
+		       (dired-mark-prompt arg files marker-char))))
+	  (save-excursion
+	    ;; files better be in reverse order for this loop!
+	    (while l
+	      (goto-char (cdr (car l)))
+	      (condition-case err
+		  (let ((fn (car (car l))))
+		    ;; This test is equivalent to
+		    ;; (and (file-directory-p fn)
+		    ;;      (not (file-symlink-p fn)))
+		    ;; but more efficient
+		    (if (if (eq t (car (file-attributes fn)))
+			    (if (<= (length (directory-files fn)) 2)
+				(progn (delete-directory fn) t)
+			      (and (or
+				    (memq 'recursive-delete dired-no-confirm)
+				    (funcall
+				     dired-deletion-confirmer
+				     (format "\
+Recursively delete directory and files within %s? "
+					     (dired-make-relative fn))))
+				   (progn
+				     (dired-recursive-delete-directory fn)
+				     t)))
+			  (progn (delete-file fn) t))
+			(progn
+			  (setq succ (1+ succ))
+			  (message "%s of %s deletions" succ count)
+			  (dired-clean-up-after-deletion fn))))
+		(error;; catch errors from failed deletions
+		 (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer)) "%s\n" err)
+		 (setq failures (cons (car (car l)) failures))))
+	      (setq l (cdr l)))))
+      (if failures
+	  (dired-log-summary
+	   (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+	   (format "%d of %d deletion%s failed:" (length failures) count
+		   (dired-plural-s count))
+	   failures)
+	(if (zerop succ)
+	    (message "(No deletions performed)")
+	  (message "%d deletion%s done" succ (dired-plural-s succ)))))))
+
+(defun dired-recursive-delete-directory (fn)
+  ;; Recursively deletes directory FN, and all of its contents.
+       (let* ((fn (expand-file-name fn))
+	      (handler (find-file-name-handler
+			fn 'dired-recursive-delete-directory)))
+	 (if handler
+	     (funcall handler 'dired-recursive-delete-directory fn)
+	   (progn
+	     (or (file-exists-p fn)
+		 (signal
+		  'file-error
+		  (list "Removing old file name" "no such directory" fn)))
+	     ;; Which is better, -r or -R?
+	     (call-process "rm" nil nil nil "-r" (directory-file-name fn))
+	     (and (file-exists-p fn)
+		  (error "Failed to recusively delete %s" fn))))))
+
+(defun dired-clean-up-after-deletion (fn)
+  ;; Offer to kill buffer of deleted file FN.
+  (let ((buf (get-file-buffer fn)))
+    (and buf
+	 (or (memq 'kill-file-buffer dired-no-confirm)
+	     (funcall (function yes-or-no-p)
+		      (format "Kill buffer of %s, too? "
+			      (file-name-nondirectory fn))))
+	 (save-excursion ; you never know where kill-buffer leaves you
+	   (kill-buffer buf)))))
+
+;;; Cleaning a directory -- flagging backups for deletion
+
+(defun dired-clean-directory (keep &optional marker msg)
+  "Flag numerical backups for deletion.
+Spares `dired-kept-versions' latest versions, and `kept-old-versions' oldest.
+Positive prefix arg KEEP overrides `dired-kept-versions';
+Negative prefix arg KEEP overrides `kept-old-versions' with KEEP made positive.
+
+To clear the flags on these files, you can use \\[dired-flag-backup-files]
+with a prefix argument."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (setq keep (if keep (prefix-numeric-value keep) dired-kept-versions))
+  (let* ((early-retention (if (< keep 0) (- keep) kept-old-versions))
+	 (late-retention (if (<= keep 0) dired-kept-versions keep))
+	 (msg (or msg
+		  (format
+		   "Cleaning numerical backups (keeping %d late, %d old)"
+		   late-retention early-retention)))
+	 (trample-marker (or marker dired-del-marker))
+	 (file-version-assoc-list))
+    (message "%s..." msg)
+    ;; Do this after messaging, as it may take a while.
+    (setq file-version-assoc-list (dired-collect-file-versions))
+    ;; Sort each VERSION-NUMBER-LIST,
+    ;; and remove the versions to be deleted.
+    (let ((fval file-version-assoc-list))
+      (while fval
+	(let* ((sorted-v-list (cons 'q (sort (cdr (car fval)) '<)))
+	       (v-count (length sorted-v-list)))
+	  (if (> v-count (+ early-retention late-retention))
+	      (rplacd (nthcdr early-retention sorted-v-list)
+		      (nthcdr (- v-count late-retention)
+			      sorted-v-list)))
+	  (rplacd (car fval)
+		  (cdr sorted-v-list)))
+	(setq fval (cdr fval))))
+    ;; Look at each file.  If it is a numeric backup file,
+    ;; find it in a VERSION-NUMBER-LIST and maybe flag it for deletion.
+    (dired-map-dired-file-lines (function
+				 (lambda (fn)
+				   (dired-trample-file-versions
+				    fn file-version-assoc-list
+				    trample-marker))))
+    (message "%s...done" msg)))
+
+(defun dired-collect-file-versions ()
+  ;; If it looks like a file has versions, return a list of the versions.
+  ;; The return value is ((FILENAME . (VERSION1 VERSION2 ...)) ...)
+  (let (result)
+    (dired-map-dired-file-lines
+     (function
+      (lambda (fn)
+	(let* ((base-versions
+		(concat (file-name-nondirectory fn) ".~"))
+	       (bv-length (length base-versions))
+	       (possibilities (file-name-all-completions
+			       base-versions
+			       (file-name-directory fn))))
+	  (if possibilities
+	      (setq result (cons (cons fn
+				       (mapcar 'backup-extract-version
+					       possibilities)) result)))))))
+    result))
+
+(defun dired-trample-file-versions (fn alist marker)
+  ;; ALIST is an alist of filenames and versions used to determine
+  ;; if each file should be flagged for deletion.
+  ;; This version using file-name-sans-versions is probably a lot slower
+  ;; than Sebastian's original, but it is more easily adaptable to non-unix.
+  (let ((base (file-name-sans-versions fn))
+	base-version-list bv-length)
+    (and (not (string-equal base fn))
+	 (setq base-version-list (assoc base alist))
+	 (setq bv-length (string-match "[0-9]" fn (length base)))
+	 (not (memq (backup-extract-version fn) base-version-list))
+	 (progn (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+		(bolp)) ; make sure the preceding char isn't \r.
+	 (dired-substitute-marker (point) (following-char) marker))))
+
+(defun dired-map-dired-file-lines (fun)
+  ;; Perform FUN with point at the end of each non-directory line.
+  ;; FUN takes one argument, the filename (complete pathname).
+  (dired-check-ls-l)
+  (save-excursion
+    (let (file buffer-read-only)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (not (eobp))
+	(save-excursion
+	  (and (not (and dired-re-dir (looking-at dired-re-dir)))
+	       (not (memq (following-char) '(?\n ?\n)))
+	       (setq file (dired-get-filename nil t)) ; nil on non-file
+	       (progn (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+		      (funcall fun file))))
+	(forward-line 1)))))            ; this guarantees that we don't
+					; operate on omitted files.
+
+
+;;;; -----------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Confirmations and prompting the user.
+;;;; -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-plural-s (count)
+  (if (= 1 count) "" "s"))
+
+(defun dired-mark-prompt (arg files &optional marker-char)
+  ;; Return a string for use in a prompt, either the current file
+  ;; name, or the marker and a count of marked files.
+  (let ((count (length files)))
+    (if (= count 1)
+	(car files)
+      ;; more than 1 file:
+      (if (integerp arg)
+	  (cond ((zerop arg) "[no files]")
+		((> arg 0) "[following]")
+		((< arg 0) "[preceding]"))
+	(char-to-string (or marker-char dired-marker-char))))))
+
+(defun dired-pop-to-buffer (buf)
+  ;; Pop up buffer BUF.
+  ;; Make its window fit its contents.
+  (let ((window (selected-window))
+	target-lines w2)
+    (cond ;; if split-window-threshold is enabled, use the largest window
+     ((and (> (window-height (setq w2 (get-largest-window)))
+	      split-height-threshold)
+	   (= (frame-width) (window-width w2)))
+      (setq window w2))
+     ;; if the least-recently-used window is big enough, use it
+     ((and (> (window-height (setq w2 (get-lru-window)))
+	      (* 2 window-min-height))
+	   (= (frame-width) (window-width w2)))
+      (setq window w2)))
+    (save-excursion
+      (set-buffer buf)
+      (goto-char (point-max))
+      (skip-chars-backward "\n\r\t ")
+      (setq target-lines (count-lines (point-min) (point)))
+      ;; Don't forget to count the last line.
+      (if (not (bolp))
+	  (setq target-lines (1+ target-lines))))
+    (if (<= (window-height window) (* 2 window-min-height))
+	;; At this point, every window on the frame is too small to split.
+	(setq w2 (display-buffer buf))
+      (setq w2 (split-window
+		window
+		(max window-min-height
+		     (- (window-height window)
+			(1+ (max window-min-height target-lines)))))))
+    (set-window-buffer w2 buf)
+    (if (< (1- (window-height w2)) target-lines)
+	(progn
+	  (select-window w2)
+	  (enlarge-window (- target-lines (1- (window-height w2))))))
+    (set-window-start w2 1)))
+
+(defun dired-mark-pop-up (bufname op-symbol files function &rest args)
+  ;; Args BUFNAME OP-SYMBOL FILES FUNCTION &rest ARGS.
+  ;; Return FUNCTION's result on ARGS after popping up a window (in a buffer
+  ;; named BUFNAME, nil gives \" *Marked Files*\") showing the marked
+  ;; files.  Uses function `dired-pop-to-buffer' to do that.
+  ;; FUNCTION should not manipulate files.
+  ;; It should only read input (an argument or confirmation).
+  ;; The window is not shown if there is just one file or
+  ;; OP-SYMBOL is a member of the list in `dired-no-confirm'.
+  ;; FILES is the list of marked files.
+  (if (memq op-symbol dired-no-confirm)
+      (apply function args)
+    (or bufname (setq bufname  " *Marked Files*"))
+    (if (<= (length files) 1)
+	(apply function args)
+      (save-excursion
+	(let ((standard-output (set-buffer (get-buffer-create bufname))))
+	  (erase-buffer)
+	  (dired-format-columns-of-files files)
+	  (dired-remove-text-properties (point-min) (point-max))
+	  (setq mode-line-format (format "       %s  [%d files]"
+					 bufname (length files)))))
+      (save-window-excursion
+	(dired-pop-to-buffer bufname)
+	(apply function args)))))
+
+(defun dired-column-widths (columns list &optional across)
+  ;; Returns the column widths for breaking LIST into
+  ;; COLUMNS number of columns.
+  (cond
+   ((null list)
+    nil)
+   ((= columns 1)
+    (list (apply 'max (mapcar 'length list))))
+   ((let* ((len (length list))
+	   (col-length (/ len columns))
+	   (remainder (% len columns))
+	   (i 0)
+	   (j 0)
+	   (max-width 0)
+	   widths padding)
+      (if (zerop remainder)
+	  (setq padding 0)
+	(setq col-length (1+ col-length)
+	      padding (- columns remainder)))
+      (setq list (nconc (copy-sequence list) (make-list padding nil)))
+      (setcdr (nthcdr (1- (+ len padding)) list) list)
+      (while (< i columns)
+	(while (< j col-length)
+	  (setq max-width (max max-width (length (car list)))
+		list (if across (nthcdr columns list) (cdr list))
+		j (1+ j)))
+	(setq widths (cons (+ max-width 2) widths)
+	      max-width 0
+	      j 0
+	      i (1+ i))
+	(if across (setq list (cdr list))))
+      (setcar widths (- (car widths) 2))
+      (nreverse widths)))))
+  
+(defun dired-calculate-columns (list &optional across)
+  ;; Returns a list of integers which are the column widths that best pack
+  ;; LIST, a list of strings, onto the screen.
+  (and list
+       (let* ((width (1- (window-width)))
+	      (columns (max 1 (/ width
+				 (+ 2 (apply 'max (mapcar 'length list))))))
+	      col-list last-col-list)
+	 (while (<= (apply '+ (setq col-list
+				    (dired-column-widths columns list across)))
+		    width)
+	   (setq columns (1+ columns)
+		 last-col-list col-list))
+	 (or last-col-list col-list))))
+
+(defun dired-format-columns-of-files (files &optional across)
+  ;; Returns the number of lines used.
+  ;; If ACROSS is non-nil, sorts across rather than down the buffer, like
+  ;; ls -x
+  (and files
+       (let* ((columns (dired-calculate-columns files across))
+	      (ncols (length columns))
+	      (ncols1 (1- ncols))
+	      (nfiles (length files))
+	      (nrows (+ (/ nfiles ncols)
+			(if (zerop (% nfiles ncols)) 0 1)))
+	      (space-left (- (window-width) (apply '+ columns) 1))
+	      (i 0)
+	      (j 0)
+	      file padding stretch float-stretch)
+	 (if (zerop ncols1)
+	     (setq stretch 0
+		   float-stretch 0)
+	   (setq stretch (/ space-left ncols1)
+		 float-stretch (% space-left ncols1)))
+	 (setq files (nconc (copy-sequence files) ; fill up with empty fns
+			    (make-list (- (* ncols nrows) nfiles) "")))
+	 (setcdr (nthcdr (1- (length files)) files) files) ; make circular
+	 (while (< j nrows)
+	   (while (< i ncols)
+	     (princ (setq file (car files)))
+	     (setq padding (- (nth i columns) (length file)))
+	     (or (= i ncols1)
+		 (progn
+		   (setq padding (+ padding stretch))
+		   (if (< i float-stretch) (setq padding (1+ padding)))))
+	     (princ (make-string padding ?\ ))
+	     (setq files (if across (cdr files) (nthcdr nrows files))
+		   i (1+ i)))
+	   (princ "\n")
+	   (setq i 0
+		 j (1+ j))
+	   (or across (setq files (cdr files))))
+	 nrows)))
+
+(defun dired-query (qs-var qs-prompt &rest qs-args)
+  ;; Query user and return nil or t.
+  ;; Store answer in symbol VAR (which must initially be bound to nil).
+  ;; Format PROMPT with ARGS.
+  ;; Binding variable help-form will help the user who types C-h.
+  (let* ((char (symbol-value qs-var))
+	 (action (cdr (assoc char dired-query-alist))))
+    (cond ((eq 'yes action)
+	   t)				; accept, and don't ask again
+	  ((eq 'no action)
+	   nil)				; skip, and don't ask again
+	  (t;; no lasting effects from last time we asked - ask now
+	   (let ((qprompt (concat qs-prompt
+				  (if help-form
+				      (format " [yn!q or %s] "
+					      (key-description
+					       (char-to-string help-char)))
+				    " [ynq or !] ")))
+		 (dired-in-query t)
+		 elt)
+	     ;; Actually it looks nicer without cursor-in-echo-area - you can
+	     ;; look at the dired buffer instead of at the prompt to decide.
+	     (apply 'message qprompt qs-args)
+	     (setq char (set qs-var (read-char)))
+	     (while (not (setq elt (assoc char dired-query-alist)))
+	       (message "Invalid char - type %c for help." help-char)
+	       (ding)
+	       (sit-for 1)
+	       (apply 'message qprompt qs-args)
+	       (setq char (set qs-var (read-char))))
+	     (memq (cdr elt) '(t y yes)))))))
+
+(defun dired-mark-confirm (op-symbol operation arg)
+  ;; Request confirmation from the user that the operation described
+  ;; by OP-SYMBOL is to be performed on the marked files.
+  ;; Confirmation consists in a y-or-n question with a file list
+  ;; pop-up unless OP-SYMBOL is a member of `dired-no-confirm'.
+  ;; OPERATION is a string describing the operation. Used for prompting
+  ;; the user.
+  ;; The files used are determined by ARG (like in dired-get-marked-files).
+  (or (memq op-symbol dired-no-confirm)
+      (let ((files (dired-get-marked-files t arg)))
+	(dired-mark-pop-up nil op-symbol files (function y-or-n-p)
+			   (concat  operation " "
+				    (dired-mark-prompt arg files) "? ")))))
+
+(defun dired-mark-read-file-name (prompt dir op-symbol arg files)
+  (dired-mark-pop-up
+   nil op-symbol files
+   (function read-file-name)
+   (format prompt (dired-mark-prompt arg files)) dir))
+
+(defun dired-mark-read-string (prompt initial op-symbol arg files
+				      &optional history-sym)
+  ;; Reading arguments with history.
+  ;; Read arguments for a mark command of type OP-SYMBOL,
+  ;; perhaps popping up the list of marked files.
+  ;; ARG is the prefix arg and indicates whether the files came from
+  ;; marks (ARG=nil) or a repeat factor (integerp ARG).
+  ;; If the current file was used, the list has but one element and ARG
+  ;; does not matter. (It is non-nil, non-integer in that case, namely '(4)).
+  ;; PROMPT for a string, with INITIAL input.
+  (dired-mark-pop-up
+   nil op-symbol files
+   (function
+    (lambda (prompt initial)
+      (let ((hist (or history-sym
+		      (cdr (assq op-symbol dired-op-history-alist))
+		      'dired-history)))
+	(dired-read-with-history prompt initial hist))))
+   (format prompt (dired-mark-prompt arg files)) initial))
+
+
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Marking files.
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-mark (arg &optional char)
+  "Mark the current (or next ARG) files.
+If on a subdir headerline, mark all its files except `.' and `..'.
+
+Use \\[dired-unmark-all-files] to remove all marks,
+and \\[dired-unmark] to remove the mark of the current file."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if (dired-get-subdir)
+      (dired-mark-subdir-files char)
+    (dired-mark-file arg char)))
+
+(defun dired-mark-file (arg &optional char)
+  "Mark ARG files starting from the current file line.
+Optional CHAR indicates a marker character to use."
+  (let (buffer-read-only)
+    (if (memq (or char dired-marker-char) '(?\  ?\n ?\r))
+	(error "Invalid marker charcter %c" dired-marker-char))
+    (or char (setq char dired-marker-char))
+    (dired-repeat-over-lines
+     arg
+     (function
+      (lambda ()
+	(dired-update-marker-counters (following-char) t)
+	(dired-substitute-marker (point) (following-char) char)
+	(dired-update-marker-counters char))))
+    (dired-update-mode-line-modified)))
+
+(defun dired-mark-subdir-files (&optional char)
+  "Mark all files except `.' and `..'."
+  (interactive)
+  (save-excursion
+    (dired-mark-files-in-region (dired-subdir-min) (dired-subdir-max) char)))
+
+(defun dired-unmark (arg)
+  "Unmark the current (or next ARG) files.
+If looking at a subdir, unmark all its files except `.' and `..'."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let (buffer-read-only)
+    (dired-repeat-over-lines
+     arg
+     (function
+      (lambda ()
+	(let ((char (following-char)))
+	  (or (memq char '(?\  ?\n ?\r))
+	      (progn
+		(cond
+		 ((char-equal char dired-marker-char)
+		  (setq dired-marks-number (max (1- dired-marks-number) 0)))
+		 ((char-equal char dired-del-marker)
+		  (setq dired-del-flags-number
+			(max (1- dired-del-flags-number) 0)))
+		 ((setq dired-other-marks-number
+			(max (1- dired-other-marks-number) 0))))
+		(dired-substitute-marker (point) char ?\ )))))))
+    (dired-update-mode-line-modified)))
+
+(defun dired-mark-prefix (&optional arg)
+  "Mark the next ARG files with the next character typed.
+If ARG is negative, marks the previous files."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if (sit-for echo-keystrokes)
+      (cond
+       ((or (= arg 1) (zerop arg))
+	(message "Mark with character?"))
+       ((< arg 0)
+	(message "Mark %d file%s moving backwards?"
+		 (- arg) (dired-plural-s (- arg))))
+       ((> arg 1)
+	(message "Mark %d following files with character?" arg))))
+  (dired-mark arg (read-char)))
+
+(defun dired-change-marks (old new)
+  "Change all OLD marks to NEW marks.
+OLD and NEW are both characters used to mark files.
+With a prefix, prompts for a mark to toggle. In other words, all unmarked
+files receive that mark, and all files currently marked with that mark become
+unmarked."
+  ;; When used in a lisp program, setting NEW to nil means toggle the mark OLD.
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((cursor-in-echo-area t)
+	  (old nil)
+	  (new nil)
+	  (markers (dired-mark-list))
+	  (default (cond ((null markers)
+			  (error "No markers in buffer"))
+			 ((= (length markers) 1)
+			  (setq old (car markers)))
+			 ((memq dired-marker-char markers)
+			  dired-marker-char)
+			 ;; picks the last one in the buffer. reasonable?
+			 ((car markers)))))
+     (or old (setq old
+		   (progn
+		     (if current-prefix-arg
+			 (message "Toggle mark (default %c): " default)
+		       (message "Change old mark (default %c): " default))
+		     (read-char))))
+     (if (memq old '(?\  ?\n ?\r)) (setq old default))
+     (or current-prefix-arg
+	 (setq new (progn
+		     (message
+		      "Change %c marks to new mark (RET means abort): " old)
+		     (read-char))))
+     (list old new)))
+  (let ((old-count  (cond
+		     ((char-equal old dired-marker-char)
+		      'dired-marks-number)
+		     ((char-equal old dired-del-marker)
+		      'dired-del-flags-number)
+		     ('dired-other-marks-number))))
+    (if new
+	(or (memq new '(?\  ?\n ?\r))
+	    ;; \n and \r aren't valid marker chars. Assume that if the
+	    ;; user hits return, he meant to abort the command.
+	    (let ((string (format "\n%c" old))
+		  (new-count  (cond
+			       ((char-equal new dired-marker-char)
+				'dired-marks-number)
+			       ((char-equal new dired-del-marker)
+				'dired-del-flags-number)
+			       ('dired-other-marks-number)))
+		  (buffer-read-only nil))
+	      (save-excursion
+		(goto-char (point-min))
+		(while (search-forward string nil t)
+		  (if (char-equal (preceding-char) old)
+		      (progn
+			(dired-substitute-marker (1- (point)) old new)
+			(set new-count (1+ (symbol-value new-count)))
+			(set old-count (max (1- (symbol-value old-count)) 0))))
+		  ))))
+      (save-excursion
+	(let ((ucount 0)
+	      (mcount 0)
+	      (buffer-read-only nil))
+	  (goto-char (point-min))
+	  (while (not (eobp))
+	    (or (dired-between-files)
+		(looking-at dired-re-dot)
+		(cond
+		 ((= (following-char) ?\ )
+		  (setq mcount (1+ mcount))
+		  (set old-count (1+ (symbol-value old-count)))
+		  (dired-substitute-marker (point) ?\  old))
+		 ((= (following-char) old)
+		  (setq ucount (1+ ucount))
+		  (set old-count (max (1- (symbol-value old-count)) 0))
+		  (dired-substitute-marker (point) old ?\ ))))
+	    (forward-line 1))
+	  (message "Unmarked %d file%s; marked %d file%s with %c."
+		   ucount (dired-plural-s ucount) mcount
+		   (dired-plural-s mcount) old)))))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified))
+
+(defun dired-unmark-all-files (flag &optional arg)
+  "Remove a specific mark or any mark from every file.
+With prefix arg, query for each marked file.
+Type \\[help-command] at that time for help.
+With a zero prefix, only counts the number of marks."
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((cursor-in-echo-area t)
+	  executing-kbd-macro) ; for XEmacs
+     (list (and (not (eq current-prefix-arg 0))
+		(progn (message "Remove marks (RET means all): ") (read-char)))
+	   current-prefix-arg)))
+  (save-excursion
+    (let* ((help-form "\
+Type SPC or `y' to unflag one file, DEL or `n' to skip to next,
+`!' to unflag all remaining files with no more questions.")
+	   (allp (memq flag '(?\n ?\r)))
+	   (count-p (eq arg 0))
+	   (count (if (or allp count-p)
+		      (mapcar
+		       (function
+			(lambda (elt)
+			(cons elt 0)))
+		       (nreverse (dired-mark-list)))
+		    0))
+	   (msg "")
+	   (no-query (or (not arg) count-p))
+	   buffer-read-only case-fold-search query)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (if (or allp count-p)
+	  (while (re-search-forward dired-re-mark nil t)
+	    (if (or no-query
+		    (dired-query 'query "Unmark file `%s'? "
+				 (dired-get-filename t)))
+		(let ((ent (assq (preceding-char) count)))
+		  (if ent (setcdr ent (1+ (cdr ent))))
+		  (or count-p (dired-substitute-marker
+			       (- (point) 1) (preceding-char) ?\ ))))
+	    (forward-line 1))
+	(while (search-forward (format "\n%c" flag) nil t)
+	  (if (or no-query
+		  (dired-query 'query "Unmark file `%s'? "
+			       (dired-get-filename t)))
+	      (progn
+		(dired-substitute-marker (match-beginning 0) flag ?\ )
+		(setq count (1+ count))))))
+      (if (or allp count-p)
+	  (mapcar
+	   (function
+	    (lambda (elt)
+	      (or (zerop (cdr elt))
+		  (setq msg (format "%s%s%d %c%s"
+				    msg
+				    (if (zerop (length msg))
+					" "
+				      ", ")
+				    (cdr elt)
+				    (car elt)
+				    (if (= 1 (cdr elt)) "" "'s"))))))
+	   count)
+	(or (zerop count)
+	    (setq msg (format " %d %c%s"
+			      count flag (if (= 1 count) "" "'s")))))
+      (if (zerop (length msg))
+	  (setq msg " none")
+	(or count-p (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)))
+      (message "%s:%s" (if count-p "Number of marks" "Marks removed") msg))))
+
+(defun dired-get-marked-files (&optional localp arg)
+  "Return the marked files' names as list of strings.
+The list is in the same order as the buffer, that is, the car is the
+  first marked file.
+Values returned are normally absolute pathnames.
+Optional arg LOCALP as in `dired-get-filename'.
+Optional second argument ARG forces to use other files.  If ARG is an
+  integer, use the next ARG files.  If ARG is otherwise non-nil, use
+  current file.  Usually ARG comes from the current prefix arg."
+  (save-excursion
+    (nreverse (dired-map-over-marks (dired-get-filename localp) arg))))
+
+;;; Utility functions for marking files
+
+(defun dired-mark-files-in-region (start end &optional char)
+  (let (buffer-read-only)
+    (if (> start end)
+	(error "start > end"))
+    (goto-char start)			; assumed at beginning of line
+    (or char (setq char dired-marker-char))
+    (while (< (point) end)
+      ;; Skip subdir line and following garbage like the `total' line:
+      (while (and (< (point) end) (dired-between-files))
+	(forward-line 1))
+      (if (and (/= (following-char) char)
+	       (not (looking-at dired-re-dot))
+	       (save-excursion
+		 (dired-move-to-filename nil (point))))
+	  (progn
+	    (dired-update-marker-counters (following-char) t)
+	    (dired-substitute-marker (point) (following-char) char)
+	    (dired-update-marker-counters char)))
+      (forward-line 1)))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified))
+
+(defun dired-mark-list ()
+  ;; Returns a list of all marks currently used in the buffer.
+  (let ((result nil)
+	char)
+    (save-excursion
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (not (eobp))
+	(and (not (memq (setq char (following-char)) '(?\  ?\n ?\r)))
+	     (not (memq char result))
+	     (setq result (cons char result)))
+	(forward-line 1)))
+    result))
+
+;;; Dynamic markers
+
+(defun dired-set-current-marker-string ()
+  "Computes and returns `dired-marker-string'."
+  (prog1
+      (setq dired-marker-string
+	    (if dired-marker-stack
+		(let* ((n (+ (length dired-marker-stack) 5))
+		       (str (make-string n ?\ ))
+		       (list dired-marker-stack)
+		       (pointer dired-marker-stack-pointer))
+		  (setq n (1- n))
+		  (aset str n ?\])
+		  (setq n (1- n))
+		  (while list
+		    (aset str n (car list))
+		    (if (zerop pointer)
+			(progn
+			  (setq n (1- n))
+			  (aset str n dired-marker-stack-cursor)))
+		    (setq n (1- n)
+			  pointer (1- pointer)
+			  list (cdr list)))
+		  (aset str n dired-default-marker)
+		  (if (zerop pointer)
+		      (aset str 2 dired-marker-stack-cursor))
+		  (aset str 1 ?\[)
+		  str)
+	      ""))
+    (set-buffer-modified-p (buffer-modified-p))))
+
+(defun dired-set-marker-char (c)
+  "Set the marker character to something else.
+Use \\[dired-restore-marker-char] to restore the previous value."
+  (interactive "cNew marker character: ")
+  (and (memq c '(?\  ?\n ?\r)) (error "invalid marker char %c" c))
+  (setq dired-marker-stack (cons c dired-marker-stack)
+	dired-marker-stack-pointer 0
+	dired-marker-char c)
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+  (dired-set-current-marker-string))
+
+(defun dired-restore-marker-char ()
+  "Restore the marker character to its previous value.
+Uses `dired-default-marker' if the marker stack is empty."
+  (interactive)
+  (setq dired-marker-stack (cdr dired-marker-stack)
+	dired-marker-char (car dired-marker-stack)
+	dired-marker-stack-pointer (min dired-marker-stack-pointer
+					(length dired-marker-stack)))
+  (or dired-marker-char
+      (setq dired-marker-char dired-default-marker))
+  (dired-set-current-marker-string)
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+  (or dired-marker-stack (message "Marker is %c" dired-marker-char)))
+
+(defun dired-marker-stack-left (n)
+  "Moves the marker stack cursor to the left."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let ((len (1+ (length dired-marker-stack))))
+    (or dired-marker-stack (error "Dired marker stack is empty."))
+    (setq dired-marker-stack-pointer
+	  (% (+ dired-marker-stack-pointer n) len))
+    (if (< dired-marker-stack-pointer 0)
+	(setq dired-marker-stack-pointer (+ dired-marker-stack-pointer
+					    len)))
+    (dired-set-current-marker-string)
+    (setq dired-marker-char
+	  (if (= dired-marker-stack-pointer (1- len))
+	      dired-default-marker
+	    (nth dired-marker-stack-pointer dired-marker-stack))))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+
+(defun dired-marker-stack-right (n)
+  "Moves the marker stack cursor to the right."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (dired-marker-stack-left (- n)))
+
+;;; Commands to mark or flag files based on their characteristics or names.
+
+(defun dired-mark-symlinks (&optional unflag-p)
+  "Mark all symbolic links.
+With prefix argument, unflag all those files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-check-ls-l)
+  (let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\040 dired-marker-char)))
+    (dired-mark-if (looking-at dired-re-sym) "symbolic link"))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+
+(defun dired-mark-directories (&optional unflag-p)
+  "Mark all directory file lines except `.' and `..'.
+With prefix argument, unflag all those files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if dired-re-dir
+      (progn
+	(dired-check-ls-l)
+	(let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\040 dired-marker-char)))
+	  (dired-mark-if (and (looking-at dired-re-dir)
+			      (not (looking-at dired-re-dot)))
+			 "directory file"))))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+
+(defun dired-mark-executables (&optional unflag-p)
+  "Mark all executable files.
+With prefix argument, unflag all those files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if dired-re-exe
+      (progn
+	(dired-check-ls-l)
+	(let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\040 dired-marker-char)))
+	  (dired-mark-if (looking-at dired-re-exe) "executable file"))))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+    
+(defun dired-flag-backup-files (&optional unflag-p)
+  "Flag all backup files (names ending with `~') for deletion.
+With prefix argument, unflag these files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-check-ls-l)
+  (let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\040 dired-del-marker)))
+    (dired-mark-if
+     (and (not (and dired-re-dir (looking-at dired-re-dir)))
+	  (let ((fn (dired-get-filename t t)))
+	    (if fn (backup-file-name-p fn))))
+     "backup file"))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+
+(defun dired-flag-auto-save-files (&optional unflag-p)
+  "Flag for deletion files whose names suggest they are auto save files.
+A prefix argument says to unflag those files instead."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\040 dired-del-marker)))
+    (dired-mark-if
+     ;; It is less than general to check for ~ here,
+     ;; but it's the only way this runs fast enough.
+     (and (save-excursion (end-of-line)
+			  (eq (preceding-char) ?#))
+	  (not (and dired-re-dir (looking-at dired-re-dir)))
+	  (let ((fn (dired-get-filename t t)))
+	    (if fn (auto-save-file-name-p
+		    (file-name-nondirectory fn)))))
+     "auto save file"))
+  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+
+(defun dired-mark-rcs-files (&optional unflag-p)
+  "Mark all files that are under RCS control.
+With prefix argument, unflag all those files.
+Mentions RCS files for which a working file was not found in this buffer.
+Type \\[dired-why] to see them again."
+  ;; Returns failures, or nil on success.
+  ;; Finding those with locks would require to peek into the ,v file,
+  ;; depends slightly on the RCS version used and should be done
+  ;; together with the Emacs RCS interface.
+  ;; Unfortunately, there is no definitive RCS interface yet.
+  (interactive "P")
+  (message "%sarking RCS controlled files..." (if unflag-p "Unm" "M"))
+  (let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\  dired-marker-char))
+	rcs-files wf failures count total)
+    (mapcar				; loop over subdirs
+     (function
+      (lambda (dir)
+	(or (equal (file-name-nondirectory (directory-file-name dir))
+		   "RCS")
+	    ;; skip inserted RCS subdirs
+	    (setq rcs-files
+		  (append (directory-files dir t ",v$") ; *,v and RCS/*,v
+			  (let ((rcs-dir (expand-file-name "RCS" dir)))
+			    (if (file-directory-p rcs-dir)
+				(mapcar	; working files from ./RCS are in ./
+				 (function
+				  (lambda (x)
+				    (expand-file-name x dir)))
+				 (directory-files
+				  (file-name-as-directory rcs-dir)
+				  nil ",v$"))))
+			  rcs-files)))))
+     (mapcar (function car) dired-subdir-alist))
+    (setq total (length rcs-files))
+    (while rcs-files
+      (setq wf (substring (car rcs-files) 0 -2)
+	    rcs-files (cdr rcs-files))
+      (save-excursion (if (dired-goto-file wf)
+			  (dired-mark 1) ; giving a prefix avoids checking
+					 ; for subdir line.
+			(setq failures (cons wf failures)))))
+    (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+    (if (null failures)
+	(message "%d RCS file%s %smarked."
+		 total (dired-plural-s total) (if unflag-p "un" ""))
+      (setq count (length failures))
+      (dired-log-summary (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+			 "RCS working file not found %s" failures)
+      (message "%d RCS file%s: %d %smarked - %d not found %s."
+	       total (dired-plural-s total) (- total count)
+	       (if unflag-p "un" "") count failures))
+    failures))
+
+
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Logging failures
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-why ()
+  "Pop up a buffer with error log output from Dired.
+A group of errors from a single command ends with a formfeed.
+Thus, use \\[backward-page] to find the beginning of a group of errors."
+  (interactive)
+  (if (get-buffer dired-log-buffer)
+      (let ((owindow (selected-window))
+	    (window (display-buffer (get-buffer dired-log-buffer))))
+	(unwind-protect
+	    (progn
+	      (select-window window)
+	      (goto-char (point-max))
+	      (recenter -1))
+	  (select-window owindow)))))
+
+(defun dired-log (buffer-name log &rest args)
+  ;; Log a message or the contents of a buffer.
+  ;; BUFFER-NAME is the name of the dired buffer to which the message applies.
+  ;; If LOG is a string and there are more args, it is formatted with
+  ;; those ARGS.  Usually the LOG string ends with a \n.
+  ;; End each bunch of errors with (dired-log t): this inserts
+  ;; current time and buffer, and a \f (formfeed).
+  (or (stringp buffer-name) (setq buffer-name (buffer-name buffer-name)))
+  (let ((obuf (current-buffer)))
+    (unwind-protect			; want to move point
+	(progn
+	  (set-buffer (get-buffer-create dired-log-buffer))
+	  (goto-char (point-max))
+	  (let (buffer-read-only)
+	    (cond ((stringp log)
+		   (insert (if args
+			       (apply (function format) log args)
+			     log)))
+		  ((bufferp log)
+		   (insert-buffer log))
+		  ((eq t log)
+		   (insert "\n\t" (current-time-string)
+			   "\tBuffer `" buffer-name "'\n\f\n")))))
+      (set-buffer obuf))))
+
+(defun dired-log-summary (buffer-name string failures)
+  (message (if failures "%s--type y for details %s"
+	     "%s--type y for details")
+	   string failures)
+  ;; Log a summary describing a bunch of errors.
+  (dired-log buffer-name (concat "\n" string))
+  (if failures (dired-log buffer-name "\n%s" failures))
+  (dired-log buffer-name t))
+
+
+;;;; -------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Sort mode of dired buffers.
+;;;; -------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-sort-type (list)
+  ;; Returns the sort type of LIST, as a symbol.
+  (let* ((list (reverse list))
+	 (alist (sort
+		 (mapcar (function
+			  (lambda (x)
+			    (cons (length (memq (car x) list)) (cdr x))))
+			 dired-sort-type-alist)
+		 (function
+		  (lambda (x y)
+		    (> (car x) (car y))))))
+	 (winner (car alist)))
+    (if (zerop (car winner))
+	'name
+      (cdr winner))))
+
+(defun dired-sort-set-modeline (&optional switches)
+  ;; Set modeline display according to dired-internal-switches.
+  ;; Modeline display of "by name" or "by date" guarantees the user a
+  ;; match with the corresponding regexps.  Non-matching switches are
+  ;; shown literally.
+  (or switches (setq switches dired-internal-switches))
+  (setq dired-sort-mode
+	(if dired-show-ls-switches
+	    (concat " " (dired-make-switches-string
+			 (or switches dired-internal-switches)))
+	  (concat " by " (and (memq ?r switches) "rev-")
+		  (symbol-name (dired-sort-type switches)))))
+  ;; update mode line
+  (set-buffer-modified-p (buffer-modified-p)))
+
+(defun dired-sort-toggle-or-edit (&optional arg)
+  "Toggle between sort by date/name for the current subdirectory.
+
+With a 0 prefix argument, simply reports on the current switches.
+
+With a prefix 1 allows the ls switches for the current subdirectory to be 
+edited.
+
+With a prefix 2 allows the default ls switches for newly inserted
+subdirectories to be edited. 
+
+With a prefix \\[universal-argument] allows you to sort the entire
+buffer by either name or date.
+
+With a prefix \\[universal-argument] \\[universal-argument] allows the default switches
+for the entire buffer to be edited, and then reverts the buffer so that all
+subdirectories are sorted according to these switches.
+
+Note that although dired allows different ls switches to be used for 
+different subdirectories, certain combinations of ls switches are incompatible.
+If incompatible switches are detected, dired will offer to revert the buffer
+to force the ls switches for all subdirectories to a single value.  If you
+refuse to revert the buffer, any change of ls switches will be aborted."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (cond
+   ((eq arg 0)
+    ;; Report on switches
+    (message "Switches for current subdir: %s.  Default for buffer: %s."
+	     (dired-make-switches-string
+	      (nth 3 (assoc (dired-current-directory) dired-subdir-alist)))
+	      (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches)))
+   ((null arg)
+    ;; Toggle between sort by date/name.
+    (let* ((dir (dired-current-directory))
+	   (curr (nth 3 (assoc dir dired-subdir-alist))))
+      (dired-sort-other
+       (if (eq (dired-sort-type curr) 'name)
+	   (cons ?t curr)
+	 (mapcar (function
+		  (lambda (x)
+		    (setq curr
+			  (delq (car x) curr))))
+		 dired-sort-type-alist)
+	 curr)
+       nil dir)))
+   ((eq arg 1)
+    ;; Edit switches for current subdir.
+    (let* ((dir (dired-current-directory))
+	   (switch-string
+	    (read-string
+	     "New ls switches for current subdir (must contain -l): "
+	     (dired-make-switches-string
+	      (nth 3 (assoc dir dired-subdir-alist)))))
+	   (switches (dired-make-switches-list switch-string)))
+      (if (dired-compatible-switches-p switches dired-internal-switches)
+	  (dired-sort-other switches nil dir)
+	(if (or
+	     (memq 'sort-revert dired-no-confirm)
+	     (y-or-n-p
+	      (format
+	       "Switches %s incompatible with default %s.  Revert buffer? "
+	         switch-string
+		 (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches))))
+	    (dired-sort-other switches nil nil)
+	  (error "Switches unchanged.  Remain as %s." switch-string)))))
+   ((eq arg 2)
+    ;; Set new defaults for subdirs inserted in the future.
+    (let* ((switch-string
+	    (read-string
+	     "Default ls switches for new subdirs (must contain -l): "
+	     (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches)))
+	   (switches (dired-make-switches-list switch-string))
+	   (alist dired-subdir-alist)
+	   x bad-switches)
+      (while alist
+	(setq x (nth 3 (car alist))
+	      alist (cdr alist))
+	(or (dired-compatible-switches-p x switches)
+	    (member x bad-switches)
+	    (setq bad-switches (cons x bad-switches))))
+      (if bad-switches
+	  (if (or (memq 'sort-revert dired-no-confirm)
+		  (y-or-n-p
+		   (format
+		    "Switches %s incompatible with %s.  Revert buffer? "
+		    switch-string (mapconcat 'dired-make-switches-string
+					      bad-switches ", "))))
+	      (dired-sort-other switches nil nil)
+	    (error "Default switches unchanged.  Remain as %s."
+		   (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches)))
+	(dired-sort-other switches t nil))))
+   ((or (equal arg '(4)) (eq arg 'date) (eq arg 'name))
+    ;; Toggle the entire buffer name/data.
+    (let ((cursor-in-echo-area t)
+	  (switches (copy-sequence dired-internal-switches))
+	  (type (and (symbolp arg) arg))
+	  char)
+      (while (null type)
+	(message "Sort entire buffer according to (n)ame or (d)ate? ")
+	(setq char (read-char)
+	      type (cond
+		    ((char-equal char ?d) 'date)
+		    ((char-equal char ?n) 'name)
+		    (t (message "Type one of n or d.") (sit-for 1) nil))))
+      (mapcar (function
+	       (lambda (x)
+		 (setq switches
+		       (delq (car x) switches))))
+	      dired-sort-type-alist)
+      (dired-sort-other
+       (if (eq type 'date) (cons ?t switches) switches) nil nil)))
+   ((equal arg '(16))
+    ;; Edit the switches for the entire buffer.
+    (dired-sort-other
+     (dired-make-switches-list
+      (read-string
+       "Change ls switches for entire buffer to (must contain -l): "
+       (dired-make-switches-string dired-internal-switches)))
+     nil nil))
+   (t
+    ;; No idea what's going on.
+    (error
+     "Invalid prefix.  See %s dired-sort-toggle-or-edit."
+     (substitute-command-keys
+      (if (featurep 'ehelp)
+	  "\\[electric-describe-function]"
+	"\\[describe-function]"))))))
+
+(defun dired-sort-other (switches &optional no-revert subdir)
+  ;; Specify new ls SWITCHES for current dired buffer.
+  ;; With optional second arg NO-REVERT, don't refresh the listing afterwards.
+  ;; If subdir is non-nil, only changes the switches for the
+  ;; sudirectory.
+  (if subdir
+      (let ((elt (assoc subdir dired-subdir-alist)))
+	(if elt (setcar (nthcdr 3 elt) switches)))
+    (setq dired-internal-switches switches))
+  (or no-revert
+      (cond
+       
+       (subdir
+	(let ((ofile (dired-get-filename nil t))
+	      (opoint (point)))
+	  (message "Relisting %s..." subdir)
+	  (dired-insert-subdir subdir switches)
+	  (message "Relisting %s... done" subdir)
+	  (or (and ofile (dired-goto-file ofile)) (goto-char opoint))))
+       
+       ((memq ?R switches)
+	;; We are replacing a buffer with a giant recursive listing.
+	(let ((opoint (point))
+	      (ofile (dired-get-filename nil t))
+	      (hidden-subdirs (dired-remember-hidden))
+	      (mark-alist (dired-remember-marks (point-min) (point-max)))
+	      (kill-files-p (save-excursion
+			      (goto-char (point))
+			      (search-forward
+			       (concat (char-to-string ?\r)
+				       (regexp-quote
+					(char-to-string
+					 dired-kill-marker-char)))
+			       nil t)))
+	      (omit-files (nth 2 (nth (1- (length dired-subdir-alist))
+				      dired-subdir-alist)))
+	      buffer-read-only)
+	  (dired-readin dired-directory (current-buffer)
+			(or (consp dired-directory)
+			    (null (file-directory-p dired-directory))))
+	  (dired-mark-remembered mark-alist)	; mark files that were marked
+	  (if kill-files-p (dired-do-hide dired-kill-marker-char))
+	  (if omit-files
+	      (dired-omit-expunge nil t))
+	  ;; hide subdirs that were hidden
+	  (save-excursion
+	    (mapcar (function (lambda (dir)
+				(if (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+				    (dired-hide-subdir 1))))
+		    hidden-subdirs))
+	  ;; Try to get back to where we were
+	  (or (and ofile (dired-goto-file ofile))
+	      (goto-char opoint))
+	  (dired-move-to-filename)))
+       
+       (t
+	;; Clear all switches in the subdir alist
+	(setq dired-subdir-alist
+	      (mapcar (function
+		       (lambda (x)
+			 (setcar (nthcdr 3 x) nil)
+			 x))
+		      dired-subdir-alist))
+	(revert-buffer nil t))))
+  (dired-update-mode-line t))
+
+(defun dired-compatible-switches-p (list1 list2)
+  ;; Returns t if list1 and list2 are allowed as switches in the same
+  ;; dired buffer.
+  (and (eq (null (or (memq ?l list1) (memq ?o list1) (memq ?g list1)))
+	   (null (or (memq ?l list2) (memq ?o list2) (memq ?g list2))))
+       (eq (null (memq ?F list1)) (null (memq ?F list2)))
+       (eq (null (memq ?p list1)) (null (memq ?p list2)))
+       (eq (null (memq ?b list1)) (null (memq ?b list2)))))
+
+(defun dired-check-ls-l (&optional switches)
+  ;; Check for long-style listings
+  (let ((switches (or switches dired-internal-switches)))
+    (or (memq ?l switches) (memq ?o switches) (memq ?g switches)
+	(error "Dired needs -l, -o, or -g in ls switches"))))
+
+
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Creating new files.
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  The dired-create-files paradigm is used for copying, renaming,
+;;;  compressing, and making hard and soft links.
+
+(defun dired-file-marker (file)
+  ;; Return FILE's marker, or nil if unmarked.
+  (save-excursion
+    (and (dired-goto-file file)
+	 (progn
+	   (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+	   (and (not (= ?\040 (following-char)))
+		(following-char))))))
+
+;; The basic function for half a dozen variations on cp/mv/ln/ln -s.
+(defun dired-create-files (file-creator operation fn-list name-constructor
+					&optional marker-char query
+					implicit-to)
+  ;; Create a new file for each from a list of existing files.  The user
+  ;; is queried, dired buffers are updated, and at the end a success or
+  ;; failure message is displayed
+  
+  ;; FILE-CREATOR must accept three args: oldfile newfile ok-if-already-exists
+  ;; It is called for each file and must create newfile, the entry of
+  ;; which will be added.  The user will be queried if the file already
+  ;; exists.  If oldfile is removed by FILE-CREATOR (i.e, it is a
+  ;; rename), it is FILE-CREATOR's responsibility to update dired
+  ;; buffers.  FILE-CREATOR must abort by signalling a file-error if it
+  ;; could not create newfile.  The error is caught and logged.
+  
+  ;; OPERATION (a capitalized string, e.g. `Copy') describes the
+  ;; operation performed.  It is used for error logging.
+  
+  ;; FN-LIST is the list of files to copy (full absolute pathnames).
+  
+  ;; NAME-CONSTRUCTOR returns a newfile for every oldfile, or nil to
+  ;; skip.  If it skips files, it is supposed to tell why (using dired-log).
+
+  ;; Optional MARKER-CHAR is a character with which to mark every
+  ;; newfile's entry, or t to use the current marker character if the
+  ;; oldfile was marked.
+
+  ;; QUERY is a function to use to prompt the user about creating a file.
+  ;; It accepts two  args, the from and to files,
+  ;; and must return nil or t. If QUERY is nil, then no user
+  ;; confirmation will be requested.
+
+  ;; If IMPLICIT-TO is non-nil, then the file constructor does not take
+  ;; a to-file arg. e.g. compress.
+
+  (let ((success-count 0)
+	(total (length fn-list))
+	failures skipped overwrite-query)
+    ;; Fluid vars used for storing responses of previous queries must be
+    ;; initialized.
+    (dired-save-excursion
+      (setq dired-overwrite-backup-query nil
+	    dired-file-creator-query nil)
+      (mapcar
+       (function
+	(lambda (from)
+	  (let ((to (funcall name-constructor from)))
+	    (if to
+		(if (equal to from)
+		    (progn
+		      (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+				 "Cannot %s to same file: %s\n"
+				 (downcase operation) from)
+		      (setq skipped (cons (dired-make-relative from) skipped)))
+		  (if (or (null query)
+			  (funcall query from to))
+		      (let* ((overwrite (let (jka-compr-enabled)
+					  ;; Don't let jka-compr fool us.
+					  (file-exists-p to)))
+			     ;; for dired-handle-overwrite
+			     (dired-overwrite-confirmed 
+			      (and overwrite
+				   (let ((help-form '(format "\
+Type SPC or `y' to overwrite file `%s',
+DEL or `n' to skip to next,
+ESC or `q' to not overwrite any of the remaining files,
+`!' to overwrite all remaining files with no more questions." to)))
+				     (dired-query 'overwrite-query
+						  "Overwrite %s?" to))))
+			     ;; must determine if FROM is marked before
+			     ;; file-creator gets a chance to delete it
+			     ;; (in case of a move).
+			     (actual-marker-char
+			      (cond  ((integerp marker-char) marker-char)
+				     (marker-char (dired-file-marker from))
+				     (t nil))))
+			(if (and overwrite (null dired-overwrite-confirmed))
+			    (setq skipped (cons (dired-make-relative from)
+						skipped))
+			  (condition-case err
+			      (let ((dired-unhandle-add-files
+				     (cons to dired-unhandle-add-files)))
+				(if implicit-to
+				    (funcall file-creator from
+					     dired-overwrite-confirmed)
+				  (funcall file-creator from to
+					   dired-overwrite-confirmed))
+				(setq success-count (1+ success-count))
+				(message "%s: %d of %d"
+					 operation success-count total)
+				(dired-add-file to actual-marker-char))
+			    (file-error		; FILE-CREATOR aborted
+			     (progn
+			       (setq failures (cons (dired-make-relative from)
+						    failures))
+			       (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+					  "%s `%s' to `%s' failed:\n%s\n"
+					  operation from to err))))))
+		    (setq skipped (cons (dired-make-relative from) skipped))))
+	      (setq skipped (cons (dired-make-relative from) skipped))))))
+       fn-list)
+      (cond
+       (failures
+	(dired-log-summary
+	 (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+	 (format "%s failed for %d of %d file%s"
+		 operation (length failures) total
+		 (dired-plural-s total)) failures))
+       (skipped
+	(dired-log-summary
+	 (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+	 (format "%s: %d of %d file%s skipped"
+		 operation (length skipped) total
+		 (dired-plural-s total)) skipped))
+       (t
+	(message "%s: %s file%s."
+		 operation success-count (dired-plural-s success-count)))))))
+  
+(defun dired-do-create-files (op-symbol file-creator operation arg
+					     &optional marker-char
+					     prompter how-to)
+  ;; Create a new file for each marked file.
+  ;; Prompts user for target, which is a directory in which to create
+  ;;   the new files.  Target may be a plain file if only one marked
+  ;;   file exists.
+  ;; OP-SYMBOL is the symbol for the operation.  Function `dired-mark-pop-up'
+  ;;   will determine wether pop-ups are appropriate for this OP-SYMBOL.
+  ;; FILE-CREATOR and OPERATION as in dired-create-files.
+  ;; ARG as in dired-get-marked-files.
+  ;; PROMPTER is a function of one-arg, the list of files, to return a prompt
+  ;;     to use for dired-read-file-name. If it is nil, then a default prompt
+  ;;     will be used.
+  ;; Optional arg MARKER-CHAR as in dired-create-files.
+  ;; Optional arg HOW-TO determines how to treat target:
+  ;;   If HOW-TO is not given (or nil), and target is a directory, the
+  ;;     file(s) are created inside the target directory.  If target
+  ;;     is not a directory, there must be exactly one marked file,
+  ;;     else error.
+  ;;   If HOW-TO is t, then target is not modified.  There must be
+  ;;     exactly one marked file, else error.
+  ;; Else HOW-TO is assumed to be a function of one argument, target,
+  ;;     that looks at target and returns a value for the into-dir
+  ;;     variable.  The function dired-into-dir-with-symlinks is provided
+  ;;     for the case (common when creating symlinks) that symbolic
+  ;;     links to directories are not to be considered as directories
+  ;;     (as file-directory-p would if HOW-TO had been nil).
+
+  (let* ((fn-list (dired-get-marked-files nil arg))
+	 (fn-count (length fn-list))
+	 (cdir (dired-current-directory))
+	 (target (expand-file-name
+		   (dired-mark-read-file-name
+		    (if prompter
+			(funcall prompter fn-list)
+		      (concat operation " %s to: "))
+		    (dired-dwim-target-directory)
+		    op-symbol arg (mapcar (function
+					   (lambda (fn)
+					     (dired-make-relative fn cdir t)))
+					  fn-list))))
+	 (into-dir (cond ((null how-to) (file-directory-p target))
+			 ((eq how-to t) nil)
+			 (t (funcall how-to target)))))
+    (if (and (> fn-count 1)
+	     (not into-dir))
+	(error "Marked %s: target must be a directory: %s" operation target))
+    ;; rename-file bombs when moving directories unless we do this:
+    (or into-dir (setq target (directory-file-name target)))
+    (dired-create-files
+     file-creator operation fn-list
+     (if into-dir			; target is a directory
+	 (list 'lambda '(from)
+	       (list 'expand-file-name '(file-name-nondirectory from) target))
+       (list 'lambda '(from) target))
+     marker-char)))
+
+(defun dired-into-dir-with-symlinks (target)
+  (and (file-directory-p target)
+       (not (file-symlink-p target))))
+;; This may not always be what you want, especially if target is your
+;; home directory and it happens to be a symbolic link, as is often the
+;; case with NFS and automounters.  Or if you want to make symlinks
+;; into directories that themselves are only symlinks, also quite
+;; common.
+;; So we don't use this function as value for HOW-TO in
+;; dired-do-symlink, which has the minor disadvantage of
+;; making links *into* a symlinked-dir, when you really wanted to
+;; *overwrite* that symlink.  In that (rare, I guess) case, you'll
+;; just have to remove that symlink by hand before making your marked
+;; symlinks.
+
+(defun dired-handle-overwrite (to)
+  ;; Save old version of a to be overwritten file TO.
+  ;; `dired-overwrite-confirmed' and `dired-overwrite-backup-query'
+  ;; are fluid vars from dired-create-files.
+  (if (and dired-backup-if-overwrite
+	   dired-overwrite-confirmed
+	   (or (eq 'always dired-backup-if-overwrite)
+	       (dired-query 'dired-overwrite-backup-query
+			(format "Make backup for existing file `%s'? " to))))
+      (let ((backup (car (find-backup-file-name to))))
+	(rename-file to backup 0))))	; confirm overwrite of old backup
+
+(defun dired-dwim-target-directory ()
+  ;; Try to guess which target directory the user may want.
+  ;; If there is a dired buffer displayed in the next window, use
+  ;; its current subdir, else use current subdir of this dired buffer.
+  ;; non-dired buffer may want to profit from this function, e.g. vm-uudecode
+  (let* ((this-dir (and (eq major-mode 'dired-mode)
+			(dired-current-directory)))
+	 (dwimmed
+	  (if dired-dwim-target
+	      (let* ((other-buf (window-buffer (next-window)))
+		     (other-dir (save-excursion
+				  (set-buffer other-buf)
+				  (and (eq major-mode 'dired-mode)
+				       (dired-current-directory)))))
+		(or other-dir this-dir))
+	    this-dir)))
+    (and dwimmed (dired-abbreviate-file-name dwimmed))))
+
+(defun dired-get-target-directory ()
+  "Writes a copy of the current subdirectory into an active minibuffer."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((mb (dired-get-active-minibuffer-window)))
+    (if mb
+	(let ((dir (dired-current-directory)))
+	  (select-window mb)
+	  (set-buffer (window-buffer mb))
+	  (erase-buffer)
+	  (insert dir))
+      (error "No active minibuffer"))))
+
+;;; Copying files
+
+(defun dired-do-copy (&optional arg)
+  "Copy all marked (or next ARG) files, or copy the current file.
+When operating on just the current file, you specify the new name.
+When operating on multiple or marked files, you specify a directory
+and the files are copied into that directory, retaining the same file names.
+
+A zero prefix argument copies nothing.  But it toggles the
+variable `dired-copy-preserve-time' (which see)."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (not (zerop (prefix-numeric-value arg)))
+      (dired-do-create-files 'copy (function dired-copy-file)
+			       (if dired-copy-preserve-time "Copy [-p]" "Copy")
+			       arg dired-keep-marker-copy)
+    (setq dired-copy-preserve-time (not dired-copy-preserve-time))
+    (if dired-copy-preserve-time
+	(message "Copy will preserve time.")
+      (message "Copied files will get current date."))))
+
+(defun dired-copy-file (from to ok-flag)
+  (dired-handle-overwrite to)
+  (copy-file from to ok-flag dired-copy-preserve-time))
+
+;;; Renaming/moving files
+
+(defun dired-do-rename (&optional arg)
+  "Rename current file or all marked (or next ARG) files.
+When renaming just the current file, you specify the new name.
+When renaming multiple or marked files, you specify a directory.
+
+A zero ARG moves no files but toggles `dired-dwim-target' (which see)."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (not (zerop (prefix-numeric-value arg)))
+      (dired-do-create-files 'move (function dired-rename-file)
+			       "Move" arg dired-keep-marker-rename
+			       (function
+				(lambda (list)
+				  (if (= (length list) 1)
+				      "Rename %s to: "
+				    "Move %s to: "))))
+    (setq dired-dwim-target (not dired-dwim-target))
+    (message "dired-dwim-target is %s." (if dired-dwim-target "ON" "OFF"))))
+
+(defun dired-rename-file (from to ok-flag)
+  (dired-handle-overwrite to)
+  (let ((insert (assoc (file-name-as-directory from) dired-subdir-alist)))
+    (rename-file from to ok-flag) ; error is caught in -create-files
+    ;; Silently rename the visited file of any buffer visiting this file.
+    (dired-rename-update-buffers from to insert)))
+
+(defun dired-rename-update-buffers (from to &optional insert)
+  (if (get-file-buffer from)
+      (save-excursion
+	(set-buffer (get-file-buffer from))
+	(let ((modflag (buffer-modified-p)))
+	  (set-visited-file-name to)	; kills write-file-hooks
+	  (set-buffer-modified-p modflag)))
+    ;; It's a directory.  More work to do.
+    (let ((blist (buffer-list))
+	  (from-dir (file-name-as-directory from))
+	  (to-dir (file-name-as-directory to)))
+      (save-excursion
+	(while blist
+	  (set-buffer (car blist))
+	  (setq blist (cdr blist))
+	  (cond
+	   (buffer-file-name
+	    (if (dired-in-this-tree buffer-file-name from-dir)
+		(let ((modflag (buffer-modified-p)))
+		  (unwind-protect
+		      (set-visited-file-name
+		       (concat to-dir (substring buffer-file-name
+						 (length from-dir))))
+		    (set-buffer-modified-p modflag)))))
+	   (dired-directory
+	    (if (string-equal from-dir (expand-file-name default-directory))
+		;; If top level directory was renamed, lots of things
+		;; have to be updated.
+		(progn
+		  (dired-unadvertise from-dir)
+		  (setq default-directory to-dir
+			dired-directory
+			;; Need to beware of wildcards.
+			(expand-file-name 
+			 (file-name-nondirectory dired-directory)
+			 to-dir))
+		  (let ((new-name (file-name-nondirectory
+				   (directory-file-name dired-directory))))
+		    ;; Try to rename buffer, but just leave old name if new
+		    ;; name would already exist (don't try appending "<%d>")
+		    ;; Why?  --sandy 19-8-94
+		    (or (get-buffer new-name)
+			(rename-buffer new-name)))
+		  (dired-advertise))
+	      (and insert
+		   (assoc (file-name-directory (directory-file-name to))
+			  dired-subdir-alist)
+		   (dired-insert-subdir to))))))))))
+
+;;; Making symbolic links
+
+(defun dired-do-symlink (&optional arg)
+  "Make symbolic links to current file or all marked (or next ARG) files.
+When operating on just the current file, you specify the new name.
+When operating on multiple or marked files, you specify a directory
+and new symbolic links are made in that directory
+with the same names that the files currently have."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-do-create-files 'symlink (function make-symbolic-link)
+			   "SymLink" arg dired-keep-marker-symlink))
+
+;; Relative symlinks:
+;; make-symbolic no longer expands targets (as of at least 18.57),
+;; so the code to call ln has been removed.
+
+(defun dired-do-relsymlink (&optional arg)
+  "Symlink all marked (or next ARG) files into a directory,
+or make a symbolic link to the current file.
+This creates relative symbolic links like
+
+    foo -> ../bar/foo
+
+not absolute ones like
+
+    foo -> /ugly/path/that/may/change/any/day/bar/foo"
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-do-create-files 'relsymlink (function dired-make-relative-symlink)
+			 "RelSymLink" arg dired-keep-marker-symlink))
+
+(defun dired-make-relative-symlink (target linkname
+					   &optional ok-if-already-exists)
+  "Make a relative symbolic link pointing to TARGET with name LINKNAME.
+Three arguments: FILE1 FILE2 &optional OK-IF-ALREADY-EXISTS
+The link is relative (if possible), for example
+
+    \"/vol/tex/bin/foo\" \"/vol/local/bin/foo\"
+
+results in
+
+    \"../../tex/bin/foo\" \"/vol/local/bin/foo\""
+  (interactive
+   (let ((target (read-string "Make relative symbolic link to file: ")))
+     (list
+      target
+      (read-file-name (format "Make relsymlink to file %s: " target))
+      0)))
+  (let* ((target (expand-file-name target))
+	 (linkname (expand-file-name linkname))
+	 (handler (or (find-file-name-handler
+		       linkname 'dired-make-relative-symlink)
+		      (find-file-name-handler
+		       target 'dired-make-relative-symlink))))
+    (if handler
+	(funcall handler 'dired-make-relative-symlink target linkname
+		 ok-if-already-exists)
+      (setq target (directory-file-name target)
+	    linkname (directory-file-name linkname))
+      (make-symbolic-link
+       (dired-make-relative target (file-name-directory linkname) t)
+       linkname ok-if-already-exists))))
+
+;;; Hard links -- adding names to files
+
+(defun dired-do-hardlink (&optional arg)
+  "Add names (hard links) current file or all marked (or next ARG) files.
+When operating on just the current file, you specify the new name.
+When operating on multiple or marked files, you specify a directory
+and new hard links are made in that directory
+with the same names that the files currently have."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-do-create-files 'hardlink (function add-name-to-file)
+			   "HardLink" arg dired-keep-marker-hardlink))
+
+
+;;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Running process on marked files
+;;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  Commands for shell processes are in dired-shell.el.
+
+;;; Internal functions for running subprocesses,
+;;; checking and logging of their errors.
+
+(defun dired-call-process (program discard &rest arguments)
+  ;; Run PROGRAM with output to current buffer unless DISCARD is t.
+  ;; Remaining arguments are strings passed as command arguments to PROGRAM.
+  ;; Returns program's exit status, as an integer.
+  ;; This is a separate function so that efs can redefine it.
+  (let ((return
+	 (apply 'call-process program nil (not discard) nil arguments)))
+    (if (and (not (equal shell-file-name program))
+	     (integerp return))
+	return
+      ;; Fudge return code by looking for errors in current buffer.
+      (if (zerop (buffer-size)) 0 1))))
+	  
+(defun dired-check-process (msg program &rest arguments)
+  ;; Display MSG while running PROGRAM, and check for output.
+  ;; Remaining arguments are strings passed as command arguments to PROGRAM.
+  ;; On error, insert output in a log buffer and return the
+  ;; offending ARGUMENTS or PROGRAM.
+  ;; Caller can cons up a list of failed args.
+  ;; Else returns nil for success.
+  (let ((err-buffer (get-buffer-create " *dired-check-process output*"))
+	(dir default-directory))
+    (message "%s..." msg)
+    (save-excursion
+      ;; Get a clean buffer for error output:
+      (set-buffer err-buffer)
+      (erase-buffer)
+      (setq default-directory dir)	; caller's default-directory
+      (if (not
+	   (eq 0 (apply (function dired-call-process) program nil arguments)))
+	  (progn
+	    (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+		       (concat program " " (prin1-to-string arguments) "\n"))
+	    (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer)) err-buffer)
+	    (or arguments program t))
+	(kill-buffer err-buffer)
+	(message "%s...done" msg)
+	nil))))
+
+;;; Changing file attributes
+
+(defun dired-do-chxxx (attribute-name program op-symbol arg)
+  ;; Change file attributes (mode, group, owner) of marked files and
+  ;; refresh their file lines.
+  ;; ATTRIBUTE-NAME is a string describing the attribute to the user.
+  ;; PROGRAM is the program used to change the attribute.
+  ;; OP-SYMBOL is the type of operation (for use in dired-mark-pop-up).
+  ;; ARG describes which files to use, like in dired-get-marked-files.
+  (let* ((files (dired-get-marked-files t arg))
+	 (new-attribute
+	  (dired-mark-read-string
+	   (concat "Change " attribute-name " of %s to: ")
+	   nil op-symbol arg files))
+	 (operation (concat program " " new-attribute))
+	 (failures
+	  (dired-bunch-files 10000 (function dired-check-process)
+			     (list operation program new-attribute)
+			     files)))
+    (dired-do-redisplay arg);; moves point if ARG is an integer
+    (if failures
+	(dired-log-summary (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+			   (format "%s: error" operation) nil))))
+
+(defun dired-do-chmod (&optional arg)
+  "Change the mode of the marked (or next ARG) files.
+This calls chmod, thus symbolic modes like `g+w' are allowed."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-do-chxxx "Mode" "chmod" 'chmod arg))
+
+(defun dired-do-chgrp (&optional arg)
+  "Change the group of the marked (or next ARG) files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-do-chxxx "Group" "chgrp" 'chgrp arg))
+
+(defun dired-do-chown (&optional arg)
+  "Change the owner of the marked (or next ARG) files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-do-chxxx "Owner" dired-chown-program 'chown arg))
+
+;;; Utilities for running processes on marked files.
+
+;; Process all the files in FILES in batches of a convenient size,
+;; by means of (FUNCALL FUNCTION ARGS... SOME-FILES...).
+;; Batches are chosen to need less than MAX chars for the file names,
+;; allowing 3 extra characters of separator per file name.
+(defun dired-bunch-files (max function args files)
+  (let (pending
+	(pending-length 0)
+	failures)
+    ;; Accumulate files as long as they fit in MAX chars,
+    ;; then process the ones accumulated so far.
+    (while files
+      (let* ((thisfile (car files))
+	     (thislength (+ (length thisfile) 3))
+	     (rest (cdr files)))
+	;; If we have at least 1 pending file
+	;; and this file won't fit in the length limit, process now.
+	(if (and pending (> (+ thislength pending-length) max))
+	    (setq failures
+		  (nconc (apply function (append args pending))
+			 failures)
+		  pending nil
+		  pending-length 0))
+	;; Do (setq pending (cons thisfile pending))
+	;; but reuse the cons that was in `files'.
+	(setcdr files pending)
+	(setq pending files)
+	(setq pending-length (+ thislength pending-length))
+	(setq files rest)))
+    (nconc (apply function (append args pending))
+	   failures)))
+
+
+;;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Calculating data or properties for marked files.
+;;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(defun dired-do-total-size (&optional arg)
+  "Show total size of all marked (or next ARG) files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let* ((result (dired-map-over-marks (dired-get-file-size) arg))
+	 (total (apply (function +) result))
+	 (num (length result)))
+    (message "%d bytes (%d kB) in %s file%s"
+	     total (/ total 1024) num (dired-plural-s num))
+    total))
+
+(defun dired-get-file-size ()
+  ;; Returns the file size in bytes of the current file, as an integer.
+  ;; Assumes that it is on a valid file line. It's the caller's responsibility
+  ;; to ensure this. Assumes that match 0 for dired-re-month-and-time is
+  ;; at the end of the file size.
+  (dired-move-to-filename t)
+  ;; dired-move-to-filename must leave match-beginning 0 at the start of
+  ;; the date.
+  (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+  (skip-chars-backward " ")
+  (string-to-int (buffer-substring (point)
+				   (progn (skip-chars-backward "0-9")
+					  (point)))))
+
+(defun dired-copy-filenames-as-kill (&optional arg)
+  "Copy names of marked (or next ARG) files into the kill ring.
+The names are separated by a space, and may be copied into other buffers
+with \\[yank].  The list of names is also stored in the variable 
+`dired-marked-files' for possible manipulation in the *scratch* buffer.
+
+With a 0 prefix argument, use the pathname relative to the top-level dired
+directory for each marked file.
+
+With a prefix \\[universal-argument], use the complete pathname of each 
+marked file.
+
+With a prefix \\[universal-argument] \\[universal-argument], copy the complete
+file line.  In this case, the lines are separated by newlines.
+
+If on a subdirectory headerline and no prefix argument given, use the
+subdirectory name instead."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let (res)
+    (cond
+     ((and (null arg) (setq res (dired-get-subdir)))
+      (kill-new res)
+      (message "Copied %s into kill ring." res))
+     ((equal arg '(16))
+      (setq dired-marked-files
+	    (dired-map-over-marks
+	     (concat " " ; Don't copy the mark.
+		     (buffer-substring
+		      (progn (beginning-of-line) (1+ (point)))
+		      (progn (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r") (point))))
+		     nil))
+      (let ((len (length dired-marked-files)))
+	(kill-new (concat
+		   (mapconcat 'identity dired-marked-files "\n")
+		   "\n"))
+	(message "Copied %d file line%s into kill ring."
+		 len (dired-plural-s len))))
+     (t
+      (setq dired-marked-files
+	    (cond
+	     ((null arg)
+	      (dired-get-marked-files 'no-dir))
+	     ((eq arg 0)
+	      (dired-get-marked-files t))
+	     ((integerp arg)
+	      (dired-get-marked-files 'no-dir arg))
+	     ((equal arg '(4))
+	      (dired-get-marked-files))
+	     (t (error "Invalid prefix %s" arg))))
+      (let ((len (length dired-marked-files)))
+	(kill-new (mapconcat 'identity dired-marked-files " "))
+	(message "Copied %d file name%s into kill ring."
+		 len (dired-plural-s len)))))))
+
+
+;;;; -----------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Killing subdirectories
+;;;; -----------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  These commands actually remove text from the dired buffer.
+
+(defun dired-kill-subdir (&optional remember-marks tree)
+  "Remove all lines of current subdirectory.
+Lower levels are unaffected.  If given a prefix when called interactively,
+kills the entire directory tree below the current subdirectory."
+  ;; With optional REMEMBER-MARKS, return a mark-alist.
+  (interactive (list nil current-prefix-arg))
+  (let ((cur-dir (dired-current-directory)))
+    (if (string-equal cur-dir (expand-file-name default-directory))
+	(error "Attempt to kill top level directory"))
+    (if tree
+	(dired-kill-tree cur-dir remember-marks)
+      (let ((beg (dired-subdir-min))
+	    (end (dired-subdir-max))
+	    buffer-read-only)
+	(prog1
+	    (if remember-marks (dired-remember-marks beg end))
+	  (goto-char beg)
+	  (or (bobp) (forward-char -1)) ; gobble separator
+	  (delete-region (point) end)
+	  (dired-unsubdir cur-dir)
+	  (dired-update-mode-line)
+	  (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))))))
+
+(defun dired-kill-tree (dirname &optional remember-marks)
+  "Kill all proper subdirs of DIRNAME, excluding DIRNAME itself.
+With optional arg REMEMBER-MARKS, return an alist of marked files."
+  (interactive "DKill tree below directory: ")
+  (let ((s-alist dired-subdir-alist) dir m-alist)
+    (while s-alist
+      (setq dir (car (car s-alist))
+	    s-alist (cdr s-alist))
+      (if (and (not (string-equal dir dirname))
+	       (dired-in-this-tree dir dirname)
+	       (dired-goto-subdir dir))
+	  (setq m-alist (nconc (dired-kill-subdir remember-marks) m-alist))))
+    (dired-update-mode-line)
+    (dired-update-mode-line-modified t)
+    m-alist))
+
+
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Killing file lines
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  Uses selective diplay, rather than removing lines from the buffer.
+
+(defun dired-do-kill-file-lines (&optional arg)
+  "Kill all marked file lines, or those indicated by the prefix argument.
+Killing file lines means hiding them with selective display.  Giving
+a zero prefix redisplays all killed file lines."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (or selective-display
+      (error "selective-display must be t for file line killing to work!"))
+  (if (eq arg 0)
+      (dired-do-unhide dired-kill-marker-char
+		       "Successfully resuscitated %d file line%s."
+		       dired-keep-marker-kill)
+    (let ((files
+	   (length
+	    (dired-map-over-marks
+	     (progn
+	       (beginning-of-line)
+	       (subst-char-in-region (1- (point)) (point) ?\n ?\r)
+	       (dired-substitute-marker (point) (following-char)
+					dired-kill-marker-char)
+	       (dired-update-marker-counters dired-marker-char t)
+	       t)
+	     arg))))
+      ;; Beware of extreme apparent save-excursion lossage here.
+      (let ((opoint (point)))
+	(skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+	(if (= (preceding-char) ?\n)
+	    (goto-char opoint)
+	  (setq opoint (- opoint (point)))
+	  (beginning-of-line)
+	  (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r" (+ (point) opoint))))
+      (dired-update-mode-line-modified)
+      (message "Killed %d file line%s." files (dired-plural-s files)))))
+
+
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Omitting files.
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+;; Marked files are never omitted.
+;; Adapted from code submitted by:
+;; Michael D. Ernst, mernst@theory.lcs.mit.edu, 1/11/91
+;; Changed to work with selective display by Sandy Rutherford, 13/12/92.
+;; For historical reasons, we still use the term expunge, although nothing
+;; is expunged from the buffer.
+
+(defun dired-omit-toggle (&optional arg)
+  "Toggle between displaying and omitting files matching
+`dired-omit-files-regexp' in the current subdirectory.
+With a positive prefix, omits files in the entire tree dired buffer.
+With a negative prefix, forces all files in the tree dired buffer to be
+displayed."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if arg
+      (let ((arg (prefix-numeric-value arg)))
+	(if (>= arg 0)
+	    (dired-omit-expunge nil t)
+	  (dired-do-unhide dired-omit-marker-char "")
+	  (mapcar
+	   (function
+	    (lambda (elt)
+	      (setcar (nthcdr 2 elt) nil)))
+	   dired-subdir-alist)))
+    (if (dired-current-subdir-omitted-p)
+	(save-restriction
+	  (narrow-to-region (dired-subdir-min) (dired-subdir-max))
+	  (dired-do-unhide dired-omit-marker-char "")
+	  (setcar (nthcdr 2 (assoc
+			     (dired-current-directory) dired-subdir-alist))
+		  nil)
+	  (setq dired-subdir-omit nil))
+      (dired-omit-expunge)
+      (setq dired-subdir-omit t)))
+  (dired-update-mode-line t))
+
+(defun dired-current-subdir-omitted-p ()
+  ;; Returns t if the current subdirectory is omited.
+  (nth 2 (assoc (dired-current-directory) dired-subdir-alist)))
+
+(defun dired-remember-omitted ()
+  ;; Returns a list of omitted subdirs.
+  (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist)
+	result elt)
+    (while alist
+      (setq elt (car alist)
+	    alist (cdr alist))
+      (if (nth 2 elt)
+	  (setq result (cons (car elt) result))))
+    result))
+
+(defun dired-omit-expunge (&optional regexp full-buffer)
+  ;; Hides all unmarked files matching REGEXP.
+  ;; If REGEXP is nil or not specified, uses `dired-omit-files-regexp',
+  ;; and also omits filenames ending in `dired-omit-extensions'.
+  ;; If REGEXP is the empty string, this function is a no-op.
+  (let ((omit-re (or regexp (dired-omit-regexp)))
+	(alist dired-subdir-alist)
+	elt min)
+    (if (null omit-re)
+	0
+      (if full-buffer
+	  (prog1
+	      (dired-omit-region (point-min) (point-max) omit-re)
+	    ;; Set omit property in dired-subdir-alist
+	    (while alist
+	      (setq elt (car alist)
+		    min (dired-get-subdir-min elt)
+		    alist (cdr alist))
+	      (if (and (<= (point-min) min) (>= (point-max) min))
+		  (setcar (nthcdr 2 elt) t))))
+	(prog1
+	    (dired-omit-region (dired-subdir-min) (dired-subdir-max) omit-re)
+	  (setcar
+	   (nthcdr 2 (assoc (dired-current-directory)
+			    dired-subdir-alist))
+	   t))))))
+
+(defun dired-omit-region (start end regexp)
+  ;; Omits files matching regexp in region. Returns count.
+  (save-restriction
+    (narrow-to-region start end)
+    (let ((hidden-subdirs (dired-remember-hidden))
+	  buffer-read-only count)
+      (or selective-display
+	  (error "selective-display must be t for file omission to work!"))
+      (dired-omit-unhide-region start end)
+      (let ((dired-marker-char dired-omit-marker-char)
+	    ;; since all subdirs are now unhidden, this fakes
+	    ;; dired-move-to-end-of-filename into working faster
+	    (selective-display nil))
+	(or dired-omit-silent
+	    dired-in-query (message "Omitting..."))
+	(if (dired-mark-unmarked-files regexp nil nil 'no-dir)
+	    (setq count (dired-do-hide
+			 dired-marker-char
+			 (and (memq dired-omit-silent '(nil 0))
+			      (not dired-in-query)
+			      "Omitted %d line%s.")))
+	  (or dired-omit-silent dired-in-query
+	      (message "(Nothing to omit)"))))
+      (save-excursion		;hide subdirs that were hidden
+	(mapcar (function (lambda (dir)
+			    (if (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+				(dired-hide-subdir 1))))
+		hidden-subdirs))
+      count)))
+
+(defun dired-omit-unhide-region (beg end)
+  ;; Unhides hidden, but not marked files in the region.
+  (save-excursion
+    (save-restriction
+      (narrow-to-region beg end)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (search-forward "\r" nil t)
+	(and (char-equal (following-char) ?\ )
+	     (subst-char-in-region (1- (point)) (point) ?\r ?\n))))))
+
+(defun dired-do-unhide (char &optional fmt marker)
+  ;; Unhides files marked with CHAR. Optional FMT is a message
+  ;; to be displayed. Note that after unhiding, we will need to re-hide
+  ;; files belonging to hidden subdirs.
+  (save-excursion
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (let ((count 0)
+	  (string (concat "\r" (char-to-string char)))
+	  (hidden-subdirs (dired-remember-hidden))
+	  (new (if marker (concat "\n" (char-to-string marker)) "\n "))
+	  buffer-read-only)
+      (while (search-forward string nil t)
+	(replace-match new)
+	(setq count (1+ count)))
+      (or (equal "" fmt)
+	  (message (or fmt "Unhid %d line%s.") count (dired-plural-s count)))
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (mapcar (function (lambda (dir)
+			  (if (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+			      (dired-hide-subdir 1 t))))
+	      hidden-subdirs)
+      (if marker (dired-update-mode-line-modified t))
+      count)))
+
+(defun dired-do-hide (char &optional fmt)
+  ;; Hides files marked with CHAR. Otional FMT is a message
+  ;; to be displayed. FMT is a format string taking args the number
+  ;; of hidden file lines, and dired-plural-s.
+  (save-excursion
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (let ((count 0)
+	  (string (concat "\n" (char-to-string char)))
+	  buffer-read-only)
+      (while (search-forward string nil t)
+	(subst-char-in-region (match-beginning 0)
+			      (1+ (match-beginning 0)) ?\n ?\r t)
+	(setq count (1+ count)))
+      (if fmt
+	  (message fmt count (dired-plural-s count)))
+      count)))
+
+(defun dired-omit-regexp ()
+  (let (rgxp)
+    (if dired-omit-extensions
+	(setq rgxp (concat
+		    ".\\("
+		    (mapconcat 'regexp-quote dired-omit-extensions "\\|")
+		    "\\)$")))
+    (if dired-omit-regexps
+	(setq rgxp
+	      (concat
+	       rgxp
+	       (and rgxp "\\|")
+	       (mapconcat 'identity dired-omit-regexps "\\|"))))
+    rgxp))
+
+(defun dired-mark-unmarked-files (regexp msg &optional unflag-p localp)
+  ;; Marks unmarked files matching REGEXP, displaying MSG.
+  ;; REGEXP is matched against the complete pathname, unless localp is
+  ;; specified.
+  ;; Does not re-mark files which already have a mark.
+  ;; Returns t if any work was done, nil otherwise.
+  (let ((dired-marker-char (if unflag-p ?\  dired-marker-char))
+	fn)
+    (dired-mark-if
+     (and
+      ;; not already marked
+      (eq (following-char) ?\ )
+      ;; uninteresting
+      (setq fn (dired-get-filename localp t))
+      (string-match regexp fn))
+     msg)))
+
+(defun dired-add-omit-regexp (rgxp &optional how)
+  "Adds a new regular expression to the list of omit regular expresions.
+With a non-zero numeric prefix argument, deletes a regular expresion from 
+the list.
+
+With a prefix argument \\[universal-argument], adds a new extension to
+the list of file name extensions omitted.
+With a prefix argument \\[universal-argument] \\[universal-argument], deletes
+a file name extension from the list.
+
+With a prefix 0, reports on the current omit regular expressions and 
+extensions."
+  (interactive
+   (list
+    (cond
+     ((null current-prefix-arg)
+      (read-string "New omit regular expression: "))
+     ((equal '(4) current-prefix-arg)
+      (read-string "New omit extension (\".\" is not implicit): "))
+     ((equal '(16) current-prefix-arg)
+      (completing-read
+       "Remove from omit extensions (type SPACE for options): "
+       (mapcar 'list dired-omit-extensions) nil t))
+     ((eq 0 current-prefix-arg)
+      nil)
+     (t
+      (completing-read
+       "Remove from omit regexps (type SPACE for options): "
+       (mapcar 'list dired-omit-regexps) nil t)))
+    current-prefix-arg))
+  (let (remove)
+    (cond
+     ((null how)
+      (if (member rgxp dired-omit-regexps)
+	  (progn
+	    (describe-variable 'dired-omit-regexps)
+	    (error "%s is already included in the list." rgxp))
+	(setq dired-omit-regexps (cons rgxp dired-omit-regexps))))
+     ((equal how '(4))
+      (if (member rgxp dired-omit-extensions)
+	  (progn
+	    (describe-variable 'dired-omit-extensions)
+	    (error "%s is already included in list." rgxp))
+	(setq dired-omit-extensions (cons rgxp dired-omit-extensions))))
+     ((equal how '(16))
+      (let ((tail (member rgxp dired-omit-extensions)))
+	(if tail
+	    (setq dired-omit-extensions
+		  (delq (car tail) dired-omit-extensions)
+		  remove t)
+	  (setq remove 'ignore))))
+     ((eq 0 how)
+      (setq remove 'ignore)
+      (if (featurep 'ehelp)
+	  (with-electric-help
+	   (function
+	    (lambda ()
+	      (princ "Omit extensions (dired-omit-extensions <V>):\n")
+	      (dired-format-columns-of-files dired-omit-extensions)
+	      (princ "\n")
+	      (princ "Omit regular expressions (dired-omit-regexps <V>):\n")
+	      (dired-format-columns-of-files dired-omit-regexps)
+	      nil)))
+	(with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*"
+	  (princ "Omit extensions (dired-omit-extensions <V>):\n")
+	  (dired-format-columns-of-files dired-omit-extensions)
+	  (princ "\n")
+	  (princ "Omit regular expressions (dired-omit-regexps <V>):\n")
+	  (dired-format-columns-of-files dired-omit-regexps)
+	  (print-help-return-message))))
+     (t
+      (let ((tail (member rgxp dired-omit-regexps)))
+	(if tail
+	    (setq dired-omit-regexps (delq (car tail) dired-omit-regexps)
+		  remove t)
+	  (setq remove 'ignore)))))
+    (or (eq remove 'ignore)
+	(save-excursion
+	  (mapcar
+	   (function
+	    (lambda (dir)
+	      (if (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+		  (progn
+		    (if remove
+			(save-restriction
+			  (narrow-to-region
+			   (dired-subdir-min) (dired-subdir-max))
+			  (dired-do-unhide dired-omit-marker-char "")))
+		    (dired-omit-expunge)))))
+	   (dired-remember-omitted))))))
+
+
+
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Directory hiding.
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;; To indicate a hidden subdir, we actually insert "..." in the buffer.
+;;; Aside from giving the look of ellipses (even though
+;;; selective-display-ellipses is nil), it allows us to tell the difference
+;;; between a dir with a single omitted file, and a hidden subdir with one
+;;; file.
+
+(defun dired-subdir-hidden-p (dir)
+  (save-excursion
+    (and selective-display
+	 (dired-goto-subdir dir)
+	 (looking-at "\\.\\.\\.\r"))))
+
+(defun dired-unhide-subdir ()
+  (let (buffer-read-only)
+    (goto-char (dired-subdir-min))
+    (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+    (skip-chars-backward "." (- (point) 3))
+    (if (looking-at "\\.\\.\\.\r") (delete-char 4))
+    (dired-omit-unhide-region (point) (dired-subdir-max))))
+
+(defun dired-hide-check ()
+  (or selective-display
+      (error "selective-display must be t for subdir hiding to work!")))
+
+(defun dired-hide-subdir (arg &optional really)
+  "Hide or unhide the current subdirectory and move to next directory.
+Optional prefix arg is a repeat factor.
+Use \\[dired-hide-all] to (un)hide all directories.
+With the optional argument REALLY, we always hide 
+the subdir, regardless of dired-subdir-hidden-p."
+  ;; The arg REALLY is needed because when we unhide
+  ;; omitted files in a hidden subdir, we want to
+  ;; re-hide the subdir, regardless of whether dired
+  ;; thinks it's already hidden.
+  (interactive "p")
+  (dired-hide-check)
+  (dired-save-excursion
+    (while (>=  (setq arg (1- arg)) 0)
+      (let* ((cur-dir (dired-current-directory))
+	     (hidden-p (and (null really)
+			    (dired-subdir-hidden-p cur-dir)))
+	   (elt (assoc cur-dir dired-subdir-alist))
+	   (end-pos (1- (dired-get-subdir-max elt)))
+	   buffer-read-only)
+	;; keep header line visible, hide rest
+	(goto-char (dired-get-subdir-min elt))
+	(skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+	(skip-chars-backward "." (- (point) 3))
+      (if hidden-p
+	  (progn
+	    (if (looking-at "\\.\\.\\.\r")
+		(progn
+		  (delete-char 3)
+		  (setq end-pos (- end-pos 3))))
+	    (dired-omit-unhide-region (point) end-pos))
+	(if (looking-at "\\.\\.\\.\r")
+	    (goto-char (match-end 0))
+	  (insert "...")
+	  (setq end-pos (+ end-pos 3)))
+	(subst-char-in-region (point) end-pos ?\n ?\r)))
+      (dired-next-subdir 1 t))))
+  
+(defun dired-hide-all (arg)
+  "Hide all subdirectories, leaving only their header lines.
+If there is already something hidden, make everything visible again.
+Use \\[dired-hide-subdir] to (un)hide a particular subdirectory."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-hide-check)
+  (let (buffer-read-only)
+    (dired-save-excursion
+      (if (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist)
+		(hidden nil))
+	    (while (and alist (null hidden))
+	      (setq hidden (dired-subdir-hidden-p (car (car alist)))
+		    alist (cdr alist)))
+	    hidden)
+	  ;; unhide
+	  (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist))
+	    (while alist
+	      (goto-char (dired-get-subdir-min (car alist)))
+	      (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+	      (delete-region (point) (progn (skip-chars-backward ".") (point)))
+	      (setq alist (cdr alist)))
+	    (dired-omit-unhide-region (point-min) (point-max)))
+	;; hide
+	(let ((alist dired-subdir-alist))
+	  (while alist
+	    (dired-goto-subdir (car (car alist)))
+	    (dired-hide-subdir 1 t)
+	    (setq alist (cdr alist))))))))
+
+
+;;;; -----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Automatic dired buffer maintenance.
+;;;; -----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  Keeping Dired buffers in sync with the filesystem and with each
+;;;  other.
+;;;  When used with efs on remote directories, buffer maintainence is
+;;;  done asynch.
+
+(defun dired-buffers-for-dir (dir-or-list &optional check-wildcard)
+;; Return a list of buffers that dired DIR-OR-LIST
+;; (top level or in-situ subdir).
+;; The list is in reverse order of buffer creation, most recent last.
+;; As a side effect, killed dired buffers for DIR are removed from
+;; dired-buffers. If DIR-OR-LIST is a wildcard or list, returns any
+;; dired buffers for which DIR-OR-LIST is equal to `dired-directory'.
+;; If check-wildcard is non-nil, only returns buffers which contain dir-or-list
+;; exactly, including the wildcard part.
+  (let ((alist dired-buffers)
+	(as-dir (and (stringp dir-or-list)
+		     (file-name-as-directory dir-or-list)))
+	result buff elt)
+    (while alist
+      (setq buff (cdr (setq elt (car alist)))
+	    alist (cdr alist))
+      ;; dired-in-this-tree is not fast. It doesn't pay to use this to check
+      ;; whether the buffer is a good candidate.
+      (if (buffer-name buff)
+	  (save-excursion
+	    (set-buffer buff)
+	    (if (or (equal dir-or-list dired-directory) ; the wildcard case.
+		    (and as-dir
+			 (not (and check-wildcard
+				   (string-equal
+				    as-dir
+				    (expand-file-name default-directory))))
+			 (assoc as-dir dired-subdir-alist)))
+		(setq result (cons buff result))))
+	;; else buffer is killed - clean up:
+	(setq dired-buffers (delq elt dired-buffers))))
+    (or dired-buffers (dired-remove-from-file-name-handler-alist))
+    result))
+
+(defun dired-advertise ()
+  ;; Advertise in variable `dired-buffers' that we dired `default-directory'.
+  ;; With wildcards we actually advertise too much.
+  ;; Also makes sure that we are installed in the file-name-handler-alist
+  (prog1
+      (let ((ddir (expand-file-name default-directory)))
+	(if (memq (current-buffer) (dired-buffers-for-dir ddir))
+	    t			    ; we have already advertised ourselves
+	  (setq dired-buffers
+		(cons (cons ddir (current-buffer))
+		      dired-buffers))))
+    ;; Do this last, otherwise the call to dired-buffers-for-dir will
+    ;; remove dired-handler-fn from the file-name-handler-alist.
+    ;; Strictly speaking, we only need to do this in th else branch of
+    ;; the if statement.  We do it unconditionally as a sanity check.
+    (dired-check-file-name-handler-alist)))
+
+(defun dired-unadvertise (dir)
+  ;; Remove DIR from the buffer alist in variable dired-buffers.
+  ;; This has the effect of removing any buffer whose main directory is DIR.
+  ;; It does not affect buffers in which DIR is a subdir.
+  ;; Removing is also done as a side-effect in dired-buffer-for-dir.
+  (setq dired-buffers
+      (delq (assoc dir dired-buffers) dired-buffers))
+  ;; If there are no more dired buffers, we are no longer needed in the
+  ;; file-name-handler-alist.
+  (or dired-buffers (dired-remove-from-file-name-handler-alist)))
+
+(defun dired-unadvertise-current-buffer ()
+  ;; Remove all references to the current buffer in dired-buffers.
+  (setq dired-buffers
+	(delq nil
+	      (mapcar
+	       (function
+		(lambda (x)
+		  (and (not (eq (current-buffer) (cdr x))) x)))
+	       dired-buffers))))
+
+(defun dired-fun-in-all-buffers (directory fun &rest args)
+  ;; In all buffers dired'ing DIRECTORY, run FUN with ARGS.
+  ;; Return list of buffers where FUN succeeded (i.e., returned non-nil).
+  (let* ((buf-list (dired-buffers-for-dir directory))
+	 (obuf (current-buffer))
+	 (owin (selected-window))
+	 (win owin)
+	 buf windows success-list)
+    (if buf-list
+	(unwind-protect
+	    (progn
+	      (while (not (eq (setq win (next-window win)) owin))
+		(and (memq (setq buf (window-buffer win)) buf-list)
+		     (progn
+		       (set-buffer buf)
+		       (= (point) (window-point win)))
+		     (setq windows (cons win windows))))
+	      (while buf-list
+		(setq buf (car buf-list)
+		      buf-list (cdr buf-list))
+		(set-buffer buf)
+		(if (apply fun args)
+		    (setq success-list (cons (buffer-name buf) success-list))))
+	      ;; dired-save-excursion prevents lossage of save-excursion
+	      ;; for point.  However, if dired buffers are displayed in
+	      ;; other windows, the setting of window-point loses, and
+	      ;; drags the point with it.  This should fix this.
+	      (while windows
+		(condition-case nil
+		    (progn
+		      (set-buffer (window-buffer (setq win (car windows))))
+		      (set-window-point win (point)))
+		  (error nil))
+		(setq windows (cdr windows))))
+	  (set-buffer obuf)))
+    success-list))
+
+(defun dired-find-file-place (subdir file)
+  ;; Finds a position to insert in SUBDIR FILE. If it can't find SUBDIR,
+  ;; returns nil.
+  (let ((sort (dired-sort-type dired-internal-switches))
+	(rev (memq ?r (nth 3 (assoc subdir dired-subdir-alist)))))
+    (cond
+     ((eq sort 'name)
+      (if (dired-goto-subdir subdir)
+	  (let ((max (dired-subdir-max))
+		start end found)
+	    (if (dired-goto-next-file)
+		(progn
+		  (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+		  (setq start (point))
+		  (goto-char (setq end max))
+		  (forward-char -1)
+		  (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+		  ;; This loop must find a file.  At the very least, it will
+		  ;; find the one found previously.
+		  (while (not found)
+		    (if (save-excursion (dired-move-to-filename nil (point)))
+			(setq found t)
+		      (setq end (point))
+		      (forward-char -1)
+		      (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")))
+		  (if rev
+		      (while (< start end)
+			(goto-char (/ (+ start end) 2))
+			(if (dired-file-name-lessp
+			     (or (dired-get-filename 'no-dir t)
+				 (error
+				  "Error in dired-find-file-place"))
+			     file)
+			    (setq end (progn
+					(skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+					(point)))
+			  (setq start (progn
+					(skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+					(forward-char 1)
+					(skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+					(point)))))
+		    (while (< start end)
+		      (goto-char (/ (+ start end) 2))
+		      (if (dired-file-name-lessp
+			   file
+			   (or (dired-get-filename 'no-dir t)
+			       (error
+				"Error in dired-find-file-place")))
+			  (setq end (progn
+					(skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+					(point)))
+			(setq start (progn
+				      (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+				      (forward-char 1)
+				      (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r")
+				      (point))))))
+		  (goto-char end))
+	      (goto-char max))
+	    t)))
+     ((eq sort 'date)
+      (if (dired-goto-subdir subdir)
+	  (if rev
+	      (goto-char (dired-subdir-max))
+	    (dired-goto-next-file)
+	    t)))
+     ;; Put in support for other sorting types.
+     (t
+      (if (string-equal (dired-current-directory) subdir)
+	  (progn
+	    ;; We are already where we should be, except when
+	    ;; point is before the subdir line or its total line.
+	    (or (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (dired-move-to-filename))
+		(dired-goto-next-nontrivial-file)) ; in the header somewhere
+	    t) ; return t, for found.
+	(if (dired-goto-subdir subdir)
+	    (progn
+	      (dired-goto-next-nontrivial-file)
+	      t)))))))
+
+(defun dired-add-entry (filename &optional marker-char inplace)
+  ;; Add a new entry for FILENAME, optionally marking it
+  ;; with MARKER-CHAR (a character, else dired-marker-char is used).
+  ;; Hidden subdirs are exposed if a file is added there.
+  ;; 
+  ;; This function now adds the new entry at the END of the previous line,
+  ;; not the beginning of the current line.
+  ;; Logically, we now think of the `newline' associated
+  ;; with a fileline, as the one at the beginning of the line, not the end.
+  ;; This makes it easier to keep track of omitted files.
+  ;; 
+  ;; Uses dired-save-excursion, so that it doesn't move the
+  ;; point around. Especially important when it runs asynch.
+  ;; 
+  ;; If there is already an entry, delete the existing one before adding a
+  ;; new one.  In this case, doesn't remember its mark.  Use
+  ;; dired-update-file-line for that.
+  ;; 
+  ;; If INPLACE eq 'relist, then the new entry is put in the
+  ;; same place as the old, if there was an old entry.
+  ;; If INPLACE is t, then the file entry is put on the line
+  ;; currently containing the point.  Otherwise, dired-find-file-place
+  ;; attempts to determine where to put the file.
+
+  (setq filename (directory-file-name filename))
+  (dired-save-excursion
+    (let ((oentry (save-excursion (dired-goto-file filename)))
+	  (directory (file-name-directory filename))
+	  (file-nodir (file-name-nondirectory filename))
+	  buffer-read-only)
+      (if oentry
+	  ;; Remove old entry
+	  (let ((opoint (point)))
+	    (goto-char oentry)
+	    (delete-region (save-excursion
+			     (skip-chars-backward "^\r\n")
+			     (dired-update-marker-counters (following-char) t)
+			     (1- (point)))
+			   (progn
+			     (skip-chars-forward "^\r\n")
+			     (point)))
+	    ;; Move to right place to replace deleted line.
+	    (cond ((eq inplace 'relist) (forward-char 1))
+		  ((eq inplace t) (goto-char opoint)))
+	    (dired-update-mode-line-modified)))
+      (if (or (eq inplace t)
+	      (and oentry (eq inplace 'relist))
+	      ;; Tries to move the point to the right place.
+	      ;; Returns t on success.
+	      (dired-find-file-place directory file-nodir))
+	  (let ((switches (dired-make-switches-string
+			   (cons ?d dired-internal-switches)))
+		b-of-l)
+	    ;; Bind marker-char now, in case we are working asynch and
+	    ;; dired-marker-char changes in the meantime.
+	    (if (and marker-char (not (integerp marker-char)))
+		(setq marker-char dired-marker-char))
+	    ;; since we insert at the end of a line,
+	    ;; backup to the end of the previous line.
+	    (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+	    (forward-char -1)
+	    (setq b-of-l (point))
+	    (if (and (featurep 'efs-dired) efs-dired-host-type)
+		;; insert asynch
+		;; we call the efs version explicitly here,
+		;; rather than let the handler-alist work for us
+		;; because we want to pass extra args.
+		;; Is there a cleaner way to do this?
+		(efs-insert-directory filename ; don't expand `.' !
+				      switches nil nil
+				      t ; nowait
+				      marker-char)
+	      (let ((insert-directory-program dired-ls-program))
+		(insert-directory filename switches nil nil))
+	      (dired-after-add-entry b-of-l marker-char))
+	    (if dired-verify-modtimes
+		(dired-set-file-modtime directory dired-subdir-alist))
+	    t))))) ; return t on success, else nil.
+
+(defun dired-after-add-entry (start marker-char)
+  ;; Does the cleanup of a dired entry after listing it.
+  ;; START is the start of the new listing-line.
+  ;; This is a separate function for the sake of efs.
+  (save-excursion
+    (goto-char start)
+    ;; we make sure that the new line is bracketted by new-lines
+    ;; so the user doesn't need to use voodoo in the
+    ;; after-readin-hook.
+    (insert ?\n)
+    (dired-add-entry-do-indentation marker-char)
+    (let* ((beg (dired-manual-move-to-filename t))
+	   ;; error for strange output
+	   (end (dired-manual-move-to-end-of-filename))
+	   (filename (buffer-substring beg end)))
+      ;; We want to have the non-directory part only.
+      (delete-region beg end)
+      ;; Any markers pointing to the beginning of the filename, will
+      ;; still point there after this insertion. Should keep
+      ;; save-excursion from losing.
+      (setq beg (point))
+      (insert (file-name-nondirectory filename))
+      (dired-insert-set-properties beg (point))
+      (dired-move-to-filename))
+    ;; The subdir-alist is not affected so we can run it right now.
+    (let ((omit (dired-current-subdir-omitted-p))
+	  (hide (dired-subdir-hidden-p (dired-current-directory))))
+      (if (or dired-after-readin-hook omit hide)
+	  (save-excursion
+	    (save-restriction
+	      ;; Use start so that we get the new-line at
+	      ;; the beginning of the line in case we want
+	      ;; to hide the file. Don't need to test (bobp)
+	      ;; here, since we never add a file at
+	      ;; the beginning of the buffer.
+	      (narrow-to-region start
+				(save-excursion (forward-line 1) (point)))
+	      (run-hooks 'dired-after-readin-hook)
+	      (if omit
+		  (let ((dired-omit-silent (or dired-omit-silent 0)))
+		    (dired-omit-region (point-min) (point-max)
+				       (dired-omit-regexp))))
+	      (if hide
+		  (subst-char-in-region (point-min) (1- (point-max))
+					?\n ?\r))))))
+    ;; clobber the extra newline at the end of the line
+    (end-of-line)
+    (delete-char 1)))
+
+;; This is a separate function for the sake of nested dired format.
+(defun dired-add-entry-do-indentation (marker-char)
+  ;; two spaces or a marker plus a space:
+  (insert (if marker-char
+	      (let ((char (if (integerp marker-char)
+			      marker-char
+			    dired-marker-char)))
+		(dired-update-marker-counters char)
+		(dired-update-mode-line-modified)
+		char)
+	    ?\040)
+	  ?\040))
+
+(defun dired-remove-file (file)
+  (let ((alist dired-buffers)
+	buff)
+    (save-excursion
+      (while alist
+	(setq buff (cdr (car alist)))
+	(if (buffer-name buff)
+	    (progn
+	      (set-buffer buff)
+	      (dired-remove-entry file))
+	  (setq dired-buffers (delq (car alist) dired-buffers)))
+	(setq alist (cdr alist))))
+    (or dired-buffers (dired-remove-from-file-name-handler-alist))))
+
+(defun dired-remove-entry (file)
+  (let ((ddir (expand-file-name default-directory))
+	(dirname (file-name-as-directory file)))
+    (if (dired-in-this-tree ddir dirname)
+	(if (or (memq 'kill-dired-buffer dired-no-confirm)
+		(y-or-n-p (format "Kill dired buffer %s for %s, too? "
+				  (buffer-name) dired-directory)))
+	    (kill-buffer (current-buffer)))
+      (if (dired-in-this-tree file ddir)
+	  (let ((alist dired-subdir-alist))
+	    (while alist
+	      (if (dired-in-this-tree (car (car alist)) dirname)
+		  (save-excursion
+		    (goto-char (dired-get-subdir-min (car alist)))
+		    (dired-kill-subdir)))
+	      (setq alist (cdr alist)))
+	    (dired-save-excursion
+	      (and (dired-goto-file file)
+		   (let (buffer-read-only)
+		     (delete-region
+		      (progn (skip-chars-backward "^\n\r")
+			     (or (memq (following-char) '(\n \r ?\ ))
+				 (progn
+				   (dired-update-marker-counters
+				    (following-char) t)
+				   (dired-update-mode-line-modified)))
+			     (1- (point)))
+		      (progn (skip-chars-forward "^\n\r") (point)))
+		     (if dired-verify-modtimes
+			 (dired-set-file-modtime
+			  (file-name-directory (directory-file-name file))
+			  dired-subdir-alist))))))))))
+
+(defun dired-add-file (filename &optional marker-char)
+  (dired-fun-in-all-buffers
+   (file-name-directory filename)
+   (function dired-add-entry) filename marker-char))
+
+(defun dired-relist-file (file)
+  (dired-uncache file nil)
+  (dired-fun-in-all-buffers (file-name-directory file)
+			    (function dired-relist-entry) file))
+
+(defun dired-relist-entry (file)
+  ;; Relist the line for FILE, or just add it if it did not exist.
+  ;; FILE must be an absolute pathname.
+  (let* ((file (directory-file-name file))
+	 (directory (file-name-directory file))
+	 (dd (expand-file-name default-directory)))
+    (if (assoc directory dired-subdir-alist)
+	(if (or
+	     ;; Not a wildcard
+	     (equal dd dired-directory)
+	     ;; Not top-level
+	     (not (string-equal directory dd))
+	     (and (string-equal directory
+				(if (consp dired-directory)
+				    (file-name-as-directory
+				     (car dired-directory))
+				  (file-name-directory dired-directory)))
+		  (dired-file-in-wildcard-p dired-directory file)))
+	    (let ((marker (save-excursion
+			    (and (dired-goto-file file)
+				 (dired-file-marker file)))))
+	      ;; recompute omission
+	      (if (eq marker dired-omit-marker-char)
+		  (setq marker nil))
+	      (dired-add-entry file marker 'relist))
+	  ;; At least tell dired that we considered updating the buffer.
+	  (if dired-verify-modtimes
+	      (dired-set-file-modtime directory dired-subdir-alist))))))
+
+(defun dired-file-in-wildcard-p (wildcard file)
+  ;; Return t if a file is part of the listing for wildcard.
+  ;; File should be the non-directory part only.
+  ;; This version is slow, but meticulously correct.  Is it worth it?
+  (if (consp wildcard)
+      (let ((files (cdr wildcard))
+	    (dir (car wildcard))
+	    yep)
+	(while (and files (not yep))
+	  (setq yep (string-equal file (expand-file-name (car files) dir))
+		files (cdr files)))
+	yep)
+    (let ((err-buff
+	   (let ((default-major-mode 'fundamental-mode))
+	     (get-buffer-create " *dired-check-process output*")))
+	  (dir default-directory)
+	  (process-connection-type nil))
+      (save-excursion
+	(set-buffer err-buff)
+	(erase-buffer)
+	(setq default-directory dir)
+	(call-process shell-file-name nil t nil "-c"
+		    (concat dired-ls-program " -d " wildcard " | "
+			    "egrep '(^|/)" file "$'"))
+	(/= (buffer-size) 0)))))
+
+;; The difference between dired-add-file and dired-relist-file is that
+;; the former creates the entry with a specific marker.  The later preserves
+;; existing markers on a per buffer basis.  This is not the same as
+;; giving dired-create-files a marker of t, which uses a marker in a specific
+;; buffer to determine the marker for file line creation in all buffers.
+
+
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Applying Lisp functions to marked files.
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+;;; Running tags commands on marked files.
+;;
+;; Written 8/30/93 by Roland McGrath <roland@gnu.ai.mit.edu>.
+;; Requires tags.el as distributed with GNU Emacs 19.23, or later.
+
+(defun dired-do-tags-search (regexp)
+  "Search through all marked files for a match for REGEXP.
+Stops when a match is found.
+To continue searching for next match, use command \\[tags-loop-continue]."
+  (interactive "sSearch marked files (regexp): ")
+  (tags-search regexp '(dired-get-marked-files)))
+
+(defun dired-do-tags-query-replace (from to &optional delimited)
+  "Query-replace-regexp FROM with TO through all marked files.
+Third arg DELIMITED (prefix arg) means replace only word-delimited matches.
+If you exit (\\[keyboard-quit] or ESC), you can resume the query-replace
+with the command \\[tags-loop-continue]."
+  (interactive
+   "sQuery replace in marked files (regexp): \nsQuery replace %s by: \nP")
+  (tags-query-replace from to delimited '(dired-get-marked-files)))
+
+;;; byte compiling
+
+(defun dired-byte-compile ()
+  ;; Return nil for success, offending file name else.
+  (let* ((filename (dired-get-filename))
+	 buffer-read-only failure)
+    (condition-case err
+	(save-excursion (byte-compile-file filename))
+      (error
+       (setq failure err)))
+    ;; We should not need to update any file lines, as this will have
+    ;; already been done by after-write-region-hook.
+    (and failure
+	 (progn
+	   (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+		      "Byte compile error for %s:\n%s\n" filename failure)
+	   (dired-make-relative filename)))))
+
+(defun dired-do-byte-compile (&optional arg)
+  "Byte compile marked (or next ARG) Emacs lisp files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-map-over-marks-check (function dired-byte-compile) arg
+			      'byte-compile "byte-compile" t))
+
+;;; loading
+
+(defun dired-load ()
+  ;; Return nil for success, offending file name else.
+  (let ((file (dired-get-filename)) failure)
+    (condition-case err
+      (load file nil nil t)
+      (error (setq failure err)))
+    (if (not failure)
+	nil
+      (dired-log (buffer-name (current-buffer))
+		 "Load error for %s:\n%s\n" file failure)
+      (dired-make-relative file))))
+
+(defun dired-do-load (&optional arg)
+  "Load the marked (or next ARG) Emacs lisp files."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (dired-map-over-marks-check (function dired-load) arg 'load "load" t))
+
+
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; File Name Handler Alist
+;;;; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;
+;;;  Make sure that I/O functions maintain dired buffers.
+
+(defun dired-remove-from-file-name-handler-alist ()
+  ;; Remove dired from the file-name-handler-alist
+  (setq file-name-handler-alist
+	(delq nil
+	      (mapcar
+	       (function
+		(lambda (x)
+		  (and (not (eq (cdr x) 'dired-handler-fn))
+		       x)))
+	       file-name-handler-alist))))
+
+(defun dired-check-file-name-handler-alist ()
+  ;; Verify that dired is installed as the first item in the alist
+  (or (eq (cdr (car file-name-handler-alist)) 'dired-handler-fn)
+      (setq file-name-handler-alist
+	    (cons
+	     '("." . dired-handler-fn)
+	     (dired-remove-from-file-name-handler-alist)))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn (op &rest args)
+  ;; Function to update dired buffers after I/O.
+  (prog1
+      (let ((inhibit-file-name-handlers
+	     (cons 'dired-handler-fn
+		   (and (eq inhibit-file-name-operation op)
+			inhibit-file-name-handlers)))
+	    (inhibit-file-name-operation op))
+	(apply op args))
+    (let ((dired-omit-silent t)
+	  (hf (get op 'dired)))
+      (and hf (funcall hf args)))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn-1 (args)
+  (let ((to (expand-file-name (nth 1 args))))
+    (or (member to dired-unhandle-add-files)
+	(dired-relist-file to))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn-2 (args)
+  (let ((from (expand-file-name (car args)))
+	(to (expand-file-name (nth 1 args))))
+    ;; Don't remove the original entry if making backups.
+    ;; Otherwise we lose marks.  I'm not completely happy with the
+    ;; logic here.
+    (or (and
+	 (eq (nth 2 args) t) ; backups always have OK-IF-OVERWRITE t
+	 (string-equal (car (find-backup-file-name from)) to))
+	(dired-remove-file from))
+    (or (member to dired-unhandle-add-files)
+	(dired-relist-file to))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn-3 (args)
+  (let ((to (expand-file-name (nth 2 args))))
+    (or (member to dired-unhandle-add-files)
+	(dired-relist-file to))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn-4 (args)
+  (dired-remove-file (expand-file-name (car args))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn-5 (args)
+  (let ((to (expand-file-name (car args))))
+    (or (member to dired-unhandle-add-files)
+	(dired-relist-file to))))
+
+(defun dired-handler-fn-6 (args)
+  (let ((to (expand-file-name (nth 1 args)))
+	(old (expand-file-name (car args))))
+    (or (member to dired-unhandle-add-files)
+	(dired-relist-file to))
+    (dired-relist-file old)))
+
+(put 'copy-file 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-1)
+(put 'dired-make-relative-symlink 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-1)
+(put 'make-symbolic-link 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-1)
+(put 'add-name-to-file 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-6)
+(put 'rename-file 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-2)
+(put 'write-region 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-3)
+(put 'delete-file 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-4)
+(put 'delete-directory 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-4)
+(put 'dired-recursive-delete-directory 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-4)
+(put 'make-directory-internal 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-5)
+(put 'set-file-modes 'dired 'dired-handler-fn-5)
+  
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Autoload land.
+;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+;;; Reading mail (dired-xy)
+
+(autoload 'dired-read-mail "dired-xy"
+	  "Reads the current file as a mail folder." t)
+(autoload 'dired-vm "dired-xy" "Run VM on this file." t)
+(autoload 'dired-rmail "dired-xy" "Run RMAIL on this file." t)
+
+;;; Virtual dired (dired-vir)
+
+(autoload 'dired-virtual "dired-vir"
+	  "Put this buffer into virtual dired mode." t)
+
+;;; Grep (dired-grep)
+
+(autoload 'dired-do-grep "dired-grep" "Grep marked files for a pattern." t)
+
+;;; Doing diffs (dired-diff)
+
+(autoload 'dired-diff "dired-diff"
+	  "Compare file at point with FILE using `diff'." t)
+(autoload 'dired-backup-diff "dired-diff"
+	  "Diff this file with its backup file or vice versa." t)
+(autoload 'dired-emerge "dired-diff"
+	  "Merge file at point with FILE using `emerge'." t)
+(autoload 'dired-emerge-with-ancestor "dired-diff"
+	  "Merge file at point with FILE, using a common ANCESTOR file." t)
+(autoload 'dired-ediff "dired-diff" "Ediff file at point with FILE." t)
+(autoload 'dired-epatch "dired-diff" "Patch file at point using `epatch'." t)
+
+;;; Shell commands (dired-shell)
+
+(autoload 'dired-do-print "dired-shell" "Print the marked (next ARG) files." t)
+(autoload 'dired-run-shell-command "dired-shell" nil)
+(autoload 'dired-do-shell-command "dired-shell"
+	  "Run a shell command on the marked (or next ARG) files." t)
+(autoload 'dired-do-background-shell-command "dired-shell"
+	  "Run a background shell command on marked (or next ARG) files." t)
+
+;;; Commands using regular expressions (dired-rgxp)
+
+(autoload 'dired-mark-files-regexp "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Mark all files whose names match REGEXP." t)
+(autoload 'dired-flag-files-regexp "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Flag for deletion all files whose names match REGEXP." t)
+(autoload 'dired-mark-extension "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Mark all files whose names have a given extension." t)
+(autoload 'dired-flag-extension "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Flag for deletion all files whose names have a given extension." t)
+(autoload 'dired-cleanup "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Flag for deletion dispensable files files created by PROGRAM." t)
+(autoload 'dired-do-rename-regexp "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Rename marked files whose names match a given regexp." t)
+(autoload 'dired-do-copy-regexp "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Copy marked files whose names match a given regexp." t)
+(autoload 'dired-do-hardlink-regexp "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Hardlink all marked files whose names match a regexp." t)
+(autoload 'dired-do-symlink "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Make a symbolic link to all files whose names match a regexp." t)
+(autoload
+ 'dired-do-relsymlink-regexp "dired-rgxp"
+ "Make a relative symbolic link to all files whose names match a regexp." t)
+(autoload 'dired-upcase "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Rename all marked (or next ARG) files to upper case." t)
+(autoload 'dired-downcase "dired-rgxp"
+	  "Rename all marked (or next ARG) files to lower case." t)
+
+;;; Marking files from other buffers (dired-mob)
+
+(autoload 'dired-mark-files-from-other-dired-buffer "dired-mob"
+	  "Mark files which are marked in another dired buffer." t)
+(autoload 'dired-mark-files-compilation-buffer "dired-mob"
+	  "Mark the files mentioned in the compilation buffer." t)
+
+;;; uuencoding (dired-uu)
+
+(autoload 'dired-do-uucode "dired-uu" "Uuencode or uudecode marked files." t)
+
+;;; Compressing (dired-cmpr)
+
+(autoload 'dired-do-compress "dired-cmpr"
+	  "Compress or uncompress marked files." t)
+(autoload 'dired-compress-subdir-files "dired-cmpr"
+	  "Compress uncompressed files in the current subdirectory." t)
+
+
+;;; Marking files according to sexps
+
+(autoload 'dired-mark-sexp "dired-sex"
+	  "Mark files according to an sexpression." t)
+
+;;; Help!
+
+(autoload 'dired-summary "dired-help"
+	  "Display summary of basic dired commands in the minibuffer." t)
+(autoload 'dired-describe-mode "dired-help"
+	  "Detailed description of dired mode.
+With a prefix, runs the info documentation browser for dired." t)
+(autoload 'dired-apropos "dired-help"
+	  "Do command apropos help for dired commands.
+With prefix does apropos help for dired variables." t)
+(autoload 'dired-report-bug "dired-help" "Report a bug for dired." t)
+
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------
+;;;; Multi-flavour Emacs support
+;;;; --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+(let ((lucid-p (string-match "Lucid" emacs-version))
+      ver)
+  (or (string-match "^\\([0-9]+\\)\\." emacs-version)
+      (error "Weird emacs version %s" emacs-version))
+  (setq ver (string-to-int (substring emacs-version (match-beginning 1)
+				      (match-end 1))))
+
+  ;; Reading with history.
+  (if (>= ver 19)
+
+      (defun dired-read-with-history (prompt initial history)
+	(read-from-minibuffer prompt initial nil nil history))
+    
+    (defun dired-read-with-history (prompt initial history)
+      (let ((minibuffer-history-symbol history)) ; for gmhist
+	(read-string prompt initial))))
+  
+  ;; Completing read with history.
+  (if (>= ver 19)
+
+      (fset 'dired-completing-read 'completing-read)
+
+    (defun dired-completing-read (prompt table &optional predicate
+					 require-match initial-input history)
+      (let ((minibuffer-history-symbol history)) ; for gmhist
+	(completing-read prompt table predicate require-match
+			 initial-input))))
+  
+  ;; Abbreviating file names.
+  (if lucid-p
+      (fset 'dired-abbreviate-file-name
+	    ;; Lemacs has this extra hack-homedir arg
+	    (function
+	     (lambda (fn)
+	       (abbreviate-file-name fn t))))
+    (fset 'dired-abbreviate-file-name 'abbreviate-file-name))
+
+  ;; Deleting directories
+  ;; Check for pre 19.8 versions of lucid emacs.
+  (if lucid-p
+      (or (fboundp 'delete-directory)
+	  (fset 'delete-directory 'remove-directory)))
+  
+  ;; Minibuffers
+  (if (= ver 18)
+    
+      (defun dired-get-active-minibuffer-window ()
+	(and (> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
+	     (minibuffer-window)))
+    
+    (defun dired-get-active-minibuffer-window ()
+      (let ((frames (frame-list))
+	    win found)
+	(while frames
+	  (if (and (setq win (minibuffer-window (car frames)))
+		   (minibuffer-window-active-p win))
+	      (setq found win
+		    frames nil)
+	    (setq frames (cdr frames))))
+	found)))
+
+  ;; Text properties and menus.
+
+  (cond
+   (lucid-p
+    (require 'dired-xemacs))
+   ((>= ver 19)
+    (require 'dired-fsf))
+   (t
+    ;; text property stuff doesn't work in V18
+    (fset 'dired-insert-set-properties 'ignore)
+    (fset 'dired-remove-text-properties 'ignore)
+    (fset 'dired-set-text-properties 'ignore)
+    (fset 'dired-move-to-filename 'dired-manual-move-to-filename)
+    (fset 'dired-move-to-end-of-filename
+	  'dired-manual-move-to-end-of-filename))))
+
+;;; MULE
+
+(if (or (boundp 'MULE) (featurep 'mule)) (load "dired-mule"))
+
+
+;; Run load hook for user customization.
+(run-hooks 'dired-load-hook)
+
+;;; end of dired.el