diff lisp/frame.el @ 428:3ecd8885ac67 r21-2-22

Import from CVS: tag r21-2-22
author cvs
date Mon, 13 Aug 2007 11:28:15 +0200
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children 8de8e3f6228a
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--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/lisp/frame.el	Mon Aug 13 11:28:15 2007 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,1290 @@
+;;; frame.el --- multi-frame management independent of window systems.
+
+;; Copyright (C) 1993-4, 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+;; Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 Ben Wing.
+
+;; Maintainer: XEmacs Development Team
+;; Keywords: internal, dumped
+
+;; This file is part of XEmacs.
+
+;; XEmacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; XEmacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with XEmacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
+;; Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+
+;;; Synched up with: FSF 19.30.
+
+;;; Commentary:
+
+;; This file is dumped with XEmacs.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(defgroup frames nil
+  "Support for Emacs frames and window systems."
+  :group 'environment)
+
+; No need for `frame-creation-function'.
+
+;;; The initial value given here for this must ask for a minibuffer.
+;;; There must always exist a frame with a minibuffer, and after we
+;;; delete the terminal frame, this will be the only frame.
+(defcustom initial-frame-plist '(minibuffer t)
+  "Plist of frame properties for creating the initial X window frame.
+You can set this in your `.emacs' file; for example,
+  (setq initial-frame-plist '(top 1 left 1 width 80 height 55))
+Properties specified here supersede the values given in `default-frame-plist'.
+The format of this can also be an alist for backward compatibility.
+
+If the value calls for a frame without a minibuffer, and you have not created
+a minibuffer frame on your own, one is created according to
+`minibuffer-frame-plist'.
+
+You can specify geometry-related options for just the initial frame
+by setting this variable in your `.emacs' file; however, they won't
+take effect until Emacs reads `.emacs', which happens after first creating
+the frame.  If you want the frame to have the proper geometry as soon
+as it appears, you need to use this three-step process:
+* Specify X resources to give the geometry you want.
+* Set `default-frame-plist' to override these options so that they
+  don't affect subsequent frames.
+* Set `initial-frame-plist' in a way that matches the X resources,
+  to override what you put in `default-frame-plist'."
+  :type 'plist
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defcustom minibuffer-frame-plist '(width 80 height 2 menubar-visible-p nil
+				       default-toolbar-visible-p nil)
+  "Plist of frame properties for initially creating a minibuffer frame.
+You can set this in your `.emacs' file; for example,
+  (setq minibuffer-frame-plist '(top 1 left 1 width 80 height 2))
+Properties specified here supersede the values given in
+`default-frame-plist'.
+The format of this can also be an alist for backward compatibility."
+  :type 'plist
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defcustom pop-up-frame-plist nil
+  "Plist of frame properties used when creating pop-up frames.
+Pop-up frames are used for completions, help, and the like.
+This variable can be set in your init file, like this:
+  (setq pop-up-frame-plist '(width 80 height 20))
+These supersede the values given in `default-frame-plist'.
+The format of this can also be an alist for backward compatibility."
+  :type 'plist
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(setq pop-up-frame-function
+      (function (lambda ()
+		  (make-frame pop-up-frame-plist))))
+
+(defcustom special-display-frame-plist '(height 14 width 80 unsplittable t)
+  "*Plist of frame properties used when creating special frames.
+Special frames are used for buffers whose names are in
+`special-display-buffer-names' and for buffers whose names match
+one of the regular expressions in `special-display-regexps'.
+This variable can be set in your init file, like this:
+  (setq special-display-frame-plist '(width 80 height 20))
+These supersede the values given in `default-frame-plist'.
+The format of this can also be an alist for backward compatibility."
+  :type 'plist
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defun safe-alist-to-plist (cruftiness)
+  (if (consp (car cruftiness))
+      (alist-to-plist cruftiness)
+    cruftiness))
+
+;; Display BUFFER in its own frame, reusing an existing window if any.
+;; Return the window chosen.
+;; Currently we do not insist on selecting the window within its frame.
+;; If ARGS is a plist, use it as a list of frame property specs.
+;; #### Change, not compatible with FSF: This stuff is all so incredibly
+;; junky anyway that I doubt it makes any difference.
+;; If ARGS is a list whose car is t,
+;; use (cadr ARGS) as a function to do the work.
+;; Pass it BUFFER as first arg, and (cddr ARGS) gives the rest of the args.
+(defun special-display-popup-frame (buffer &optional args)
+  ;; if we can't display simultaneous multiple frames, just return
+  ;; nil and let the normal behavior take over.
+  (and (device-on-window-system-p)
+       (if (and args (eq t (car args)))
+	   (apply (cadr args) buffer (cddr args))
+	 (let ((window (get-buffer-window buffer t)))
+	   (if window
+	       ;; If we have a window already, make it visible.
+	       (let ((frame (window-frame window)))
+		 (make-frame-visible frame)
+		 (raise-frame frame)
+		 window)
+	     ;; If no window yet, make one in a new frame.
+	     (let ((frame
+		    (make-frame (append (safe-alist-to-plist args)
+					(safe-alist-to-plist
+					 special-display-frame-plist)))))
+	       (set-window-buffer (frame-selected-window frame) buffer)
+	       (set-window-dedicated-p (frame-selected-window frame) t)
+	       (frame-selected-window frame)))))))
+
+(setq special-display-function 'special-display-popup-frame)
+
+;;; Handle delete-frame events from the X server.
+;(defun handle-delete-frame (event)
+;  (interactive "e")
+;  (let ((frame (posn-window (event-start event)))
+;	(i 0)
+;	(tail (frame-list)))
+;    (while tail
+;      (and (frame-visible-p (car tail))
+;	   (not (eq (car tail) frame))
+;	  (setq i (1+ i)))
+;      (setq tail (cdr tail)))
+;    (if (> i 0)
+;	(delete-frame frame t)
+;      (kill-emacs))))
+
+
+;;;; Arrangement of frames at startup
+
+;;; 1) Load the window system startup file from the lisp library and read the
+;;; high-priority arguments (-q and the like).  The window system startup
+;;; file should create any frames specified in the window system defaults.
+;;;
+;;; 2) If no frames have been opened, we open an initial text frame.
+;;;
+;;; 3) Once the init file is done, we apply any newly set properties
+;;; in initial-frame-plist to the frame.
+
+;; These are now called explicitly at the proper times,
+;; since that is easier to understand.
+;; Actually using hooks within Emacs is bad for future maintenance. --rms.
+;; (add-hook 'before-init-hook 'frame-initialize)
+;; (add-hook 'window-setup-hook 'frame-notice-user-settings)
+
+;;; If we create the initial frame, this is it.
+(defvar frame-initial-frame nil)
+
+;; Record the properties used in frame-initialize to make the initial frame.
+(defvar frame-initial-frame-plist)
+
+(defvar frame-initial-geometry-arguments nil)
+
+(defun canonicalize-frame-plists ()
+  (setq initial-frame-plist (safe-alist-to-plist initial-frame-plist))
+  (setq default-frame-plist (safe-alist-to-plist default-frame-plist)))
+
+;;; startup.el calls this function before loading the user's init
+;;; file - if there is no frame with a minibuffer open now, create
+;;; one to display messages while loading the init file.
+(defun frame-initialize ()
+  ;; In batch mode, we actually use the initial terminal device for output.
+  (canonicalize-frame-plists)
+  (if (not (noninteractive))
+      (progn
+	;; Don't call select-frame here - focus is a matter of WM policy.
+
+	;; If there is no frame with a minibuffer besides the terminal
+	;; frame, then we need to create the opening frame.  Make sure
+	;; it has a minibuffer, but let initial-frame-plist omit the
+	;; minibuffer spec.
+	(or (delq terminal-frame (minibuffer-frame-list))
+	    (progn
+	      (setq frame-initial-frame-plist
+		    (append initial-frame-plist default-frame-plist))
+	      ;; FSFmacs has scroll-bar junk here that we don't need.
+	      (setq default-minibuffer-frame
+		    (setq frame-initial-frame
+			  (make-frame initial-frame-plist
+				      (car (delq terminal-device
+						 (device-list))))))
+	      ;; Delete any specifications for window geometry properties
+	      ;; so that we won't reapply them in frame-notice-user-settings.
+	      ;; It would be wrong to reapply them then,
+	      ;; because that would override explicit user resizing.
+	      (setq initial-frame-plist
+		    (frame-remove-geometry-props initial-frame-plist))))
+	;; At this point, we know that we have a frame open, so we
+	;; can delete the terminal device.
+	;; (delete-device terminal-device)
+	;; Do it the same way Fkill_emacs does it. -slb
+	(delete-console terminal-console)
+	(setq terminal-frame nil)
+
+	;; FSFmacs sets frame-creation-function here, but no need.
+	)))
+
+;;; startup.el calls this function after loading the user's init
+;;; file.  Now default-frame-plist and initial-frame-plist contain
+;;; information to which we must react; do what needs to be done.
+(defun frame-notice-user-settings ()
+
+  ;; FSFmacs has menu-bar junk here that we don't need.
+
+  (canonicalize-frame-plists)
+
+  ;; Creating and deleting frames may shift the selected frame around,
+  ;; and thus the current buffer.  Protect against that.  We don't
+  ;; want to use save-excursion here, because that may also try to set
+  ;; the buffer of the selected window, which fails when the selected
+  ;; window is the minibuffer.
+  (let ((old-buffer (current-buffer)))
+
+    ;; If the initial frame is still around, apply initial-frame-plist
+    ;; and default-frame-plist to it.
+    (if (frame-live-p frame-initial-frame)
+
+	;; The initial frame we create above always has a minibuffer.
+	;; If the user wants to remove it, or make it a minibuffer-only
+	;; frame, then we'll have to delete the selected frame and make a
+	;; new one; you can't remove or add a root window to/from an
+	;; existing frame.
+	;;
+	;; NOTE: default-frame-plist was nil when we created the
+	;; existing frame.  We need to explicitly include
+	;; default-frame-plist in the properties of the screen we
+	;; create here, so that its new value, gleaned from the user's
+	;; .emacs file, will be applied to the existing screen.
+	(if (not (eq (car
+		      (or (and (lax-plist-member
+				initial-frame-plist 'minibuffer)
+			       (list (lax-plist-get initial-frame-plist
+						    'minibuffer)))
+			  (and (lax-plist-member default-frame-plist
+						 'minibuffer)
+			       (list (lax-plist-get default-frame-plist
+						    'minibuffer)))
+			 '(t)))
+		     t))
+	    ;; Create the new frame.
+	    (let (props
+		  )
+	      ;; If the frame isn't visible yet, wait till it is.
+	      ;; If the user has to position the window,
+	      ;; Emacs doesn't know its real position until
+	      ;; the frame is seen to be visible.
+
+	      (if (frame-property frame-initial-frame 'initially-unmapped)
+		  nil
+		(while (not (frame-visible-p frame-initial-frame))
+		  (sleep-for 1)))
+	      (setq props (frame-properties frame-initial-frame))
+	      ;; Get rid of `name' unless it was specified explicitly before.
+	      (or (lax-plist-member frame-initial-frame-plist 'name)
+		  (setq props (lax-plist-remprop props 'name)))
+	      (setq props (append initial-frame-plist default-frame-plist
+				  props
+				  nil))
+	      ;; Get rid of `reverse', because that was handled
+	      ;; when we first made the frame.
+	      (laxputf props 'reverse nil)
+	      ;; Get rid of `window-id', otherwise make-frame will
+	      ;; think we're trying to setup an external widget.
+	      (laxremf props 'window-id)
+	      (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'height)
+		  (laxremf props 'height))
+	      (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'width)
+		  (laxremf props 'width))
+	      (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'left)
+		  (laxremf props 'left))
+	      (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'top)
+		  (laxremf props 'top))
+
+	      ;; Now create the replacement initial frame.
+	      (make-frame
+	       ;; Use the geometry args that created the existing
+	       ;; frame, rather than the props we get for it.
+	       (append '(user-size t user-position t)
+		       frame-initial-geometry-arguments
+		       props))
+	      ;; The initial frame, which we are about to delete, may be
+	      ;; the only frame with a minibuffer.  If it is, create a
+	      ;; new one.
+	      (or (delq frame-initial-frame (minibuffer-frame-list))
+		  (make-initial-minibuffer-frame nil))
+
+	      ;; If the initial frame is serving as a surrogate
+	      ;; minibuffer frame for any frames, we need to wean them
+	      ;; onto a new frame.  The default-minibuffer-frame
+	      ;; variable must be handled similarly.
+	      (let ((users-of-initial
+		     (filtered-frame-list
+		      #'(lambda (frame)
+				  (and (not (eq frame frame-initial-frame))
+				       (eq (window-frame
+					    (minibuffer-window frame))
+					   frame-initial-frame))))))
+		(if (or users-of-initial
+			(eq default-minibuffer-frame frame-initial-frame))
+
+		    ;; Choose an appropriate frame.  Prefer frames which
+		    ;; are only minibuffers.
+		    (let* ((new-surrogate
+			    (car
+			     (or (filtered-frame-list
+				  #'(lambda (frame)
+				      (eq 'only
+					  (frame-property frame 'minibuffer))))
+				 (minibuffer-frame-list))))
+			   (new-minibuffer (minibuffer-window new-surrogate)))
+
+		      (if (eq default-minibuffer-frame frame-initial-frame)
+			  (setq default-minibuffer-frame new-surrogate))
+
+		      ;; Wean the frames using frame-initial-frame as
+		      ;; their minibuffer frame.
+		      (mapcar
+		       #'
+			(lambda (frame)
+			  (set-frame-property frame 'minibuffer
+					      new-minibuffer))
+			users-of-initial))))
+
+	      ;; Redirect events enqueued at this frame to the new frame.
+	      ;; Is this a good idea?
+	      ;; Probably not, since this whole redirect-frame-focus
+	      ;; stuff is a load of trash, and so is this function we're in.
+	      ;; --ben
+	      ;(redirect-frame-focus frame-initial-frame new)
+
+	      ;; Finally, get rid of the old frame.
+	      (delete-frame frame-initial-frame t))
+
+	  ;; Otherwise, we don't need all that rigamarole; just apply
+	  ;; the new properties.
+	  (let (newprops allprops tail)
+	    (setq allprops (append initial-frame-plist
+				   default-frame-plist))
+	    (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'height)
+		(laxremf allprops 'height))
+	    (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'width)
+		(remf allprops 'width))
+	    (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'left)
+		(laxremf allprops 'left))
+	    (if (lax-plist-member frame-initial-geometry-arguments 'top)
+		(laxremf allprops 'top))
+	    (setq tail allprops)
+	    ;; Find just the props that have changed since we first
+	    ;; made this frame.  Those are the ones actually set by
+	    ;; the init file.  For those props whose values we already knew
+	    ;; (such as those spec'd by command line options)
+	    ;; it is undesirable to specify the parm again
+	    ;; once the user has seen the frame and been able to alter it
+	    ;; manually.
+	    (while tail
+	      (let (newval oldval)
+		(setq oldval (lax-plist-get frame-initial-frame-plist
+					    (car tail)))
+		(setq newval (lax-plist-get allprops (car tail)))
+		(or (eq oldval newval)
+		    (laxputf newprops (car tail) newval)))
+	      (setq tail (cddr tail)))
+	    (set-frame-properties frame-initial-frame newprops)
+	    ;silly FSFmacs junk
+	    ;if (lax-plist-member newprops 'font)
+	    ;   (frame-update-faces frame-initial-frame))
+
+	    )))
+
+    ;; Restore the original buffer.
+    (set-buffer old-buffer)
+
+    ;; Make sure the initial frame can be GC'd if it is ever deleted.
+    ;; Make sure frame-notice-user-settings does nothing if called twice.
+    (setq frame-initial-frame nil)))
+
+(defun make-initial-minibuffer-frame (device)
+  (let ((props (append '(minibuffer only)
+		       (safe-alist-to-plist minibuffer-frame-plist))))
+    (make-frame props device)))
+
+
+;;;; Creation of additional frames, and other frame miscellanea
+
+(defun get-other-frame ()
+ "Return some frame other than the selected frame, creating one if necessary."
+  (let* ((this (selected-frame))
+	 ;; search visible frames first
+	 (next (next-frame this 'visible-nomini)))
+    ;; then search iconified frames
+    (if (eq this next)
+	(setq next (next-frame 'visible-iconic-nomini)))
+    (if (eq this next)
+	;; otherwise, make a new frame
+	(make-frame)
+      next)))
+
+(defun next-multiframe-window ()
+  "Select the next window, regardless of which frame it is on."
+  (interactive)
+  (select-window (next-window (selected-window)
+			      (> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
+			      t)))
+
+(defun previous-multiframe-window ()
+  "Select the previous window, regardless of which frame it is on."
+  (interactive)
+  (select-window (previous-window (selected-window)
+				  (> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
+				  t)))
+
+(defun make-frame-on-device (type connection &optional props)
+  "Create a frame of type TYPE on CONNECTION.
+TYPE should be a symbol naming the device type, i.e. one of
+
+x	    An X display.  CONNECTION should be a standard display string
+	    such as \"unix:0\", or nil for the display specified on the
+	    command line or in the DISPLAY environment variable.  Only if
+	    support for X was compiled into XEmacs.
+tty	    A standard TTY connection or terminal.  CONNECTION should be
+	    a TTY device name such as \"/dev/ttyp2\" (as determined by
+	    the Unix command `tty') or nil for XEmacs' standard input
+	    and output (usually the TTY in which XEmacs started).  Only
+	    if support for TTY's was compiled into XEmacs.
+ns	    A connection to a machine running the NeXTstep windowing
+	    system.  Not currently implemented.
+mswindows   A connection to a machine running Microsoft Windows NT or
+	    Windows 95/97.
+pc	    A direct-write MS-DOS frame.  Not currently implemented.
+
+PROPS should be a plist of properties, as in the call to `make-frame'.
+
+If a connection to CONNECTION already exists, it is reused; otherwise,
+a new connection is opened."
+  (make-frame props (make-device type connection props)))
+
+;; Alias, kept temporarily.
+(defalias 'new-frame 'make-frame)
+
+; FSFmacs has make-frame here.  We have it in C, so no need for
+; frame-creation-function.
+
+(defun filtered-frame-list (predicate &optional device)
+  "Return a list of all live frames which satisfy PREDICATE.
+If optional second arg DEVICE is non-nil, restrict the frames
+ returned to that device."
+  (let ((frames (if device (device-frame-list device)
+		  (frame-list)))
+	good-frames)
+    (while (consp frames)
+      (if (funcall predicate (car frames))
+	  (setq good-frames (cons (car frames) good-frames)))
+      (setq frames (cdr frames)))
+    good-frames))
+
+(defun minibuffer-frame-list (&optional device)
+  "Return a list of all frames with their own minibuffers.
+If optional second arg DEVICE is non-nil, restrict the frames
+ returned to that device."
+  (filtered-frame-list
+   #'(lambda (frame)
+	       (eq frame (window-frame (minibuffer-window frame))))
+   device))
+
+(defun frame-minibuffer-only-p (frame)
+  "Return non-nil if FRAME is a minibuffer-only frame."
+  (eq (frame-root-window frame) (minibuffer-window frame)))
+
+(defun frame-remove-geometry-props (plist)
+  "Return the property list PLIST, but with geometry specs removed.
+This deletes all bindings in PLIST for `top', `left', `width',
+`height', `user-size' and `user-position' properties.
+Emacs uses this to avoid overriding explicit moves and resizings from
+the user during startup."
+  (setq plist (canonicalize-lax-plist (copy-sequence plist)))
+  (mapcar #'(lambda (propname)
+	      (if (lax-plist-member plist propname)
+		  (progn
+		    (setq frame-initial-geometry-arguments
+			  (cons propname
+				(cons (lax-plist-get plist propname)
+				      frame-initial-geometry-arguments)))
+		    (setq plist (lax-plist-remprop plist propname)))))
+	  '(height width top left user-size user-position))
+  plist)
+
+(defun other-frame (arg)
+  "Select the ARG'th different visible frame, and raise it.
+All frames are arranged in a cyclic order.
+This command selects the frame ARG steps away in that order.
+A negative ARG moves in the opposite order.
+
+This sets the window system focus, regardless of the value
+of `focus-follows-mouse'."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let ((frame (selected-frame)))
+    (while (> arg 0)
+      (setq frame (next-frame frame 'visible-nomini))
+      (setq arg (1- arg)))
+    (while (< arg 0)
+      (setq frame (previous-frame frame 'visible-nomini))
+      (setq arg (1+ arg)))
+    (raise-frame frame)
+    (focus-frame frame)
+    ;this is a bad idea; you should in general never warp the
+    ;pointer unless the user asks for this.  Furthermore,
+    ;our version of `set-mouse-position' takes a window,
+    ;not a frame.
+    ;(set-mouse-position (selected-frame) (1- (frame-width)) 0)
+    ;some weird FSFmacs randomness
+    ;(if (fboundp 'unfocus-frame)
+    ;	(unfocus-frame))))
+    ))
+
+;; XEmacs-added utility functions
+
+(defmacro save-selected-frame (&rest body)
+  "Execute forms in BODY, then restore the selected frame.
+The value returned is the value of the last form in BODY."
+  (let ((old-frame (gensym "ssf")))
+    `(let ((,old-frame (selected-frame)))
+       (unwind-protect
+           (progn ,@body)
+         (select-frame ,old-frame)))))
+
+(defmacro with-selected-frame (frame &rest body)
+  "Execute forms in BODY with FRAME as the selected frame.
+The value returned is the value of the last form in BODY."
+  `(save-selected-frame
+     (select-frame ,frame)
+     ,@body))
+
+; this is in C in FSFmacs
+(defun frame-list ()
+  "Return a list of all frames on all devices/consoles."
+  ;; Lists are copies, so nconc is safe here.
+  (apply 'nconc (mapcar 'device-frame-list (device-list))))
+
+(defun frame-type (&optional frame)
+  "Return the type of the specified frame (e.g. `x' or `tty').
+This is equivalent to the type of the frame's device.
+Value is `tty' for a tty frame (a character-only terminal),
+`x' for a frame that is an X window,
+`ns' for a frame that is a NeXTstep window (not yet implemented),
+`mswindows' for a frame that is a Windows NT or Windows 95/97 window,
+`pc' for a frame that is a direct-write MS-DOS frame (not yet implemented),
+`stream' for a stream frame (which acts like a stdio stream), and
+`dead' for a deleted frame."
+  (or frame (setq frame (selected-frame)))
+  (if (not (frame-live-p frame)) 'dead
+    (device-type (frame-device frame))))
+
+(defun device-or-frame-p (object)
+  "Return non-nil if OBJECT is a device or frame."
+  (or (devicep object)
+      (framep object)))
+
+(defun device-or-frame-type (device-or-frame)
+  "Return the type (e.g. `x' or `tty') of DEVICE-OR-FRAME.
+DEVICE-OR-FRAME should be a device or a frame object.  See `device-type'
+for a description of the possible types."
+  (if (devicep device-or-frame)
+      (device-type device-or-frame)
+    (frame-type device-or-frame)))
+
+(defun fw-frame (obj)
+  "Given a frame or window, return the associated frame.
+Return nil otherwise."
+  (cond ((windowp obj) (window-frame obj))
+	((framep obj) obj)
+	(t nil)))
+
+
+;;;; Frame configurations
+
+(defun current-frame-configuration ()
+  "Return a list describing the positions and states of all frames.
+Its car is `frame-configuration'.
+Each element of the cdr is a list of the form (FRAME PLIST WINDOW-CONFIG),
+where
+  FRAME is a frame object,
+  PLIST is a property list specifying some of FRAME's properties, and
+  WINDOW-CONFIG is a window configuration object for FRAME."
+  (cons 'frame-configuration
+	(mapcar (function
+		 (lambda (frame)
+		   (list frame
+			 (frame-properties frame)
+			 (current-window-configuration frame))))
+		(frame-list))))
+
+(defun set-frame-configuration (configuration &optional nodelete)
+  "Restore the frames to the state described by CONFIGURATION.
+Each frame listed in CONFIGURATION has its position, size, window
+configuration, and other properties set as specified in CONFIGURATION.
+Ordinarily, this function deletes all existing frames not
+listed in CONFIGURATION.  But if optional second argument NODELETE
+is given and non-nil, the unwanted frames are iconified instead."
+  (or (frame-configuration-p configuration)
+      (signal 'wrong-type-argument
+	      (list 'frame-configuration-p configuration)))
+  (let ((config-plist (cdr configuration))
+	frames-to-delete)
+    (mapc (lambda (frame)
+	    (let ((properties (assq frame config-plist)))
+	      (if properties
+		  (progn
+		    (set-frame-properties
+		     frame
+		     ;; Since we can't set a frame's minibuffer status,
+		     ;; we might as well omit the parameter altogether.
+		     (lax-plist-remprop (nth 1 properties) 'minibuffer))
+		    (set-window-configuration (nth 2 properties)))
+		(setq frames-to-delete (cons frame frames-to-delete)))))
+	  (frame-list))
+    (if nodelete
+	;; Note: making frames invisible here was tried
+	;; but led to some strange behavior--each time the frame
+	;; was made visible again, the window manager asked afresh
+	;; for where to put it.
+	(mapc 'iconify-frame frames-to-delete)
+      (mapc 'delete-frame frames-to-delete))))
+
+; this function is in subr.el in FSFmacs.
+; that's because they don't always include frame.el, while we do.
+
+(defun frame-configuration-p (object)
+  "Return non-nil if OBJECT seems to be a frame configuration.
+Any list whose car is `frame-configuration' is assumed to be a frame
+configuration."
+  (and (consp object)
+       (eq (car object) 'frame-configuration)))
+
+
+;; FSFmacs has functions `frame-width', `frame-height' here.
+;; We have them in C.
+
+;; FSFmacs has weird functions `set-default-font', `set-background-color',
+;; `set-foreground-color' here.  They don't do sensible things like
+;; set faces; instead they set frame properties (??!!) and call
+;; useless functions such as `frame-update-faces' and
+;; `frame-update-face-colors'.
+
+;; FSFmacs has functions `set-cursor-color', `set-mouse-color', and
+;; `set-border-color', which refer to frame properties.
+;; #### We need to use specifiers here.
+
+;(defun auto-raise-mode (arg)
+;  "Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-raise.
+;With arg, turn auto-raise mode on if and only if arg is positive.
+;Note that this controls Emacs's own auto-raise feature.
+;Some window managers allow you to enable auto-raise for certain windows.
+;You can use that for Emacs windows if you wish, but if you do,
+;that is beyond the control of Emacs and this command has no effect on it."
+;  (interactive "P")
+;  (if (null arg)
+;      (setq arg
+;	    (if (frame-property (selected-frame) 'auto-raise)
+;		-1 1)))
+;  (set-frame-property (selected-frame) 'auto-raise (> arg 0)))
+
+;(defun auto-lower-mode (arg)
+;  "Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-lower.
+;With arg, turn auto-lower mode on if and only if arg is positive.
+;Note that this controls Emacs's own auto-lower feature.
+;Some window managers allow you to enable auto-lower for certain windows.
+;You can use that for Emacs windows if you wish, but if you do,
+;that is beyond the control of Emacs and this command has no effect on it."
+;  (interactive "P")
+;  (if (null arg)
+;      (setq arg
+;	    (if (frame-property (selected-frame) 'auto-lower)
+;		-1 1)))
+;  (set-frame-property (selected-frame) 'auto-lower (> arg 0)))
+
+;; FSFmacs has silly functions `toggle-scroll-bar',
+;; `toggle-horizontal-scrollbar'
+
+;;; Iconifying emacs.
+;;;
+;;; The function iconify-emacs replaces every non-iconified emacs window
+;;; with a *single* icon.  Iconified emacs windows are left alone.  When
+;;; emacs is in this globally-iconified state, de-iconifying any emacs icon
+;;; will uniconify all frames that were visible, and iconify all frames
+;;; that were not.  This is done by temporarily changing the value of
+;;; `map-frame-hook' to `deiconify-emacs' (which should never be called
+;;; except from the map-frame-hook while emacs is iconified).
+;;;
+;;; The title of the icon representing all emacs frames is controlled by
+;;; the variable `icon-name'.  This is done by temporarily changing the
+;;; value of `frame-icon-title-format'.  Unfortunately, this changes the
+;;; titles of all emacs icons, not just the "big" icon.
+;;;
+;;; It would be nice if existing icons were removed and restored by
+;;; iconifying the emacs process, but I couldn't make that work yet.
+
+(defvar icon-name nil) ; set this at run time, not load time.
+
+(defvar iconification-data nil)
+
+(defun iconify-emacs ()
+  "Replace every non-iconified FRAME with a *single* icon.
+Iconified frames are left alone.  When XEmacs is in this
+globally-iconified state, de-iconifying any emacs icon will uniconify
+all frames that were visible, and iconify all frames that were not."
+  (interactive)
+  (if iconification-data (error "already iconified?"))
+  (let* ((frames (frame-list))
+	 (rest frames)
+	 (me (selected-frame))
+	 frame)
+    (while rest
+      (setq frame (car rest))
+      (setcar rest (cons frame (frame-visible-p frame)))
+;      (if (memq (cdr (car rest)) '(icon nil))
+;	  (progn
+;	    (make-frame-visible frame) ; deiconify, and process the X event
+;	    (sleep-for 500 t) ; process X events; I really want to XSync() here
+;	    ))
+      (or (eq frame me) (make-frame-invisible frame))
+      (setq rest (cdr rest)))
+    (or (boundp 'map-frame-hook) (setq map-frame-hook nil))
+    (or icon-name
+	(setq icon-name (concat invocation-name " @ " (system-name))))
+    (setq iconification-data
+	    (list frame-icon-title-format map-frame-hook frames)
+	  frame-icon-title-format icon-name
+	  map-frame-hook 'deiconify-emacs)
+    (iconify-frame me)))
+
+
+(defun deiconify-emacs (&optional ignore)
+  (or iconification-data (error "not iconified?"))
+  (setq frame-icon-title-format (car iconification-data)
+	map-frame-hook (car (cdr iconification-data))
+	iconification-data (car (cdr (cdr iconification-data))))
+  (while iconification-data
+    (let ((visibility (cdr (car iconification-data))))
+      (cond (visibility  ;; JV  (Note non-nil means visible in XEmacs)
+	     (make-frame-visible (car (car iconification-data))))
+;	    (t ;; (eq visibility 'icon) ;; JV Not in XEmacs!!!
+;	     (make-frame-visible (car (car iconification-data)))
+;	     (sleep-for 500 t) ; process X events; I really want to XSync() here
+;	     (iconify-frame (car (car iconification-data))))
+	    ;; (t nil)
+	    ))
+    (setq iconification-data (cdr iconification-data))))
+
+(defun suspend-or-iconify-emacs ()
+  "Call iconify-emacs if using a window system, otherwise call suspend-emacs."
+  (interactive)
+  (cond ((device-on-window-system-p)
+	 (iconify-emacs))
+	((and (eq (device-type) 'tty)
+	      (console-tty-controlling-process (selected-console)))
+	 (suspend-console (selected-console)))
+	(t
+	 (suspend-emacs))))
+
+;; This is quite a mouthful, but it should be descriptive, as it's
+;; bound to C-z.  FSF takes the easy way out by binding C-z to
+;; different things depending on window-system.  We can't do the same,
+;; because we allow simultaneous X and TTY consoles.
+(defun suspend-emacs-or-iconify-frame ()
+  "Iconify the selected frame if using a window system, otherwise suspend Emacs."
+  (interactive)
+  (cond ((device-on-window-system-p)
+	 (iconify-frame))
+	((and (eq (frame-type) 'tty)
+	      (console-tty-controlling-process (selected-console)))
+	 (suspend-console (selected-console)))
+	(t
+	 (suspend-emacs))))
+
+
+;;; auto-raise and auto-lower
+
+(defcustom auto-raise-frame nil
+  "*If true, frames will be raised to the top when selected.
+Under X, most ICCCM-compliant window managers will have an option to do this
+for you, but this variable is provided in case you're using a broken WM."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defcustom auto-lower-frame nil
+  "*If true, frames will be lowered to the bottom when no longer selected.
+Under X, most ICCCM-compliant window managers will have an option to do this
+for you, but this variable is provided in case you're using a broken WM."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defun default-select-frame-hook ()
+  "Implement the `auto-raise-frame' variable.
+For use as the value of `select-frame-hook'."
+  (if auto-raise-frame (raise-frame (selected-frame))))
+
+(defun default-deselect-frame-hook ()
+  "Implement the `auto-lower-frame' variable.
+For use as the value of `deselect-frame-hook'."
+  (if auto-lower-frame (lower-frame (selected-frame)))
+  (highlight-extent nil nil))
+
+(or select-frame-hook
+    (add-hook 'select-frame-hook 'default-select-frame-hook))
+
+(or deselect-frame-hook
+    (add-hook 'deselect-frame-hook 'default-deselect-frame-hook))
+
+
+;;; Application-specific frame-management
+
+(defcustom get-frame-for-buffer-default-frame-name nil
+  "*The default frame to select; see doc of `get-frame-for-buffer'."
+  :type 'string
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defcustom get-frame-for-buffer-default-instance-limit nil
+  "*The default instance limit for creating new frames; 
+see doc of `get-frame-for-buffer'."
+  :type 'integer
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defun get-frame-name-for-buffer (buffer)
+  (let ((mode (and (get-buffer buffer)
+		   (save-excursion (set-buffer buffer)
+				   major-mode))))
+    (or (get mode 'frame-name)
+	get-frame-for-buffer-default-frame-name)))
+
+(defun get-frame-for-buffer-make-new-frame (buffer &optional frame-name plist)
+  (let* ((fr (make-frame plist))
+	 (w (frame-root-window fr)))
+    ;;
+    ;; Make the one buffer being displayed in this newly created
+    ;; frame be the buffer of interest, instead of something
+    ;; random, so that it won't be shown in two-window mode.
+    ;; Avoid calling switch-to-buffer here, since that's something
+    ;; people might want to call this routine from.
+    ;;
+    ;; (If the root window doesn't have a buffer, then that means
+    ;; there is more than one window on the frame, which can only
+    ;; happen if the user has done something funny on the frame-
+    ;; creation-hook.  If that's the case, leave it alone.)
+    ;;
+    (if (window-buffer w)
+	(set-window-buffer w buffer))
+    fr))
+
+(defcustom get-frame-for-buffer-default-to-current nil
+  "*When non-nil, `get-frame-for-buffer' will default to the selected frame."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defun get-frame-for-buffer-noselect (buffer
+				      &optional not-this-window-p on-frame)
+  "Return a frame in which to display BUFFER.
+This is a subroutine of `get-frame-for-buffer' (which see)."
+  (let (name limit)
+    (cond
+     ((or on-frame (eq (selected-window) (minibuffer-window)))
+      ;; don't switch frames if a frame was specified, or to list
+      ;; completions from the minibuffer, etc.
+      nil)
+
+     ((setq name (get-frame-name-for-buffer buffer))
+      ;;
+      ;; This buffer's mode expressed a preference for a frame of a particular
+      ;; name.  That always takes priority.
+      ;;
+      (let ((limit (get name 'instance-limit))
+	    (defaults (get name 'frame-defaults))
+	    (matching-frames '())
+	    frames frame already-visible)
+	;; Sort the list so that iconic frames will be found last.  They
+	;; will be used too, but mapped frames take precedence.  And
+	;; fully visible frames come before occluded frames.
+        ;; Hidden frames come after really visible ones
+	(setq frames
+	      (sort (frame-list)
+		    #'(lambda (s1 s2)
+			(cond ((frame-totally-visible-p s2)
+			       nil)
+			      ((not (frame-visible-p s2))
+			       (frame-visible-p s1))
+			      ((eq (frame-visible-p s2) 'hidden)
+			       (eq (frame-visible-p s1) t ))
+			      ((not (frame-totally-visible-p s2))
+			       (and (frame-visible-p s1)
+				    (frame-totally-visible-p s1)))))))
+	;; but the selected frame should come first, even if it's occluded,
+	;; to minimize thrashing.
+	(setq frames (cons (selected-frame)
+			   (delq (selected-frame) frames)))
+
+	(setq name (symbol-name name))
+	(while frames
+	  (setq frame (car frames))
+	  (if (equal name (frame-name frame))
+	      (if (get-buffer-window buffer frame)
+		  (setq already-visible frame
+			frames nil)
+		(setq matching-frames (cons frame matching-frames))))
+	  (setq frames (cdr frames)))
+	(cond (already-visible
+	       already-visible)
+	      ((or (null matching-frames)
+		   (eq limit 0) ; means create with reckless abandon
+		   (and limit (< (length matching-frames) limit)))
+	       (get-frame-for-buffer-make-new-frame
+		buffer
+		name
+		(alist-to-plist (acons 'name name
+				       (plist-to-alist defaults)))))
+	      (t
+	       ;; do not switch any of the window/buffer associations in an
+	       ;; existing frame; this function only picks a frame; the
+	       ;; determination of which windows on it get reused is up to
+	       ;; display-buffer itself.
+;;	       (or (window-dedicated-p (selected-window))
+;;		   (switch-to-buffer buffer))
+	       (car matching-frames)))))
+
+     ((setq limit get-frame-for-buffer-default-instance-limit)
+      ;;
+      ;; This buffer's mode did not express a preference for a frame of a
+      ;; particular name, but the user wants a new frame rather than
+      ;; reusing the existing one.
+      (let* ((defname
+	       (or (plist-get default-frame-plist 'name)
+		   default-frame-name))
+	     (frames
+	      (sort (filtered-frame-list #'(lambda (x)
+					     (or (frame-visible-p x)
+						 (frame-iconified-p x))))
+		    #'(lambda (s1 s2)
+			(cond ((and (frame-visible-p s1)
+				    (not (frame-visible-p s2))))
+			      ((and (eq (frame-visible-p s1) t)
+				    (eq (frame-visible-p s2) 'hidden)))
+			      ((and (frame-visible-p s2)
+				    (not (frame-visible-p s1)))
+			       nil)
+			      ((and (equal (frame-name s1) defname)
+				    (not (equal (frame-name s2) defname))))
+			      ((and (equal (frame-name s2) defname)
+				    (not (equal (frame-name s1) defname)))
+			       nil)
+			      ((frame-totally-visible-p s2)
+			       nil)
+			      (t))))))
+	;; put the selected frame last.  The user wants a new frame,
+	;; so don't reuse the existing one unless forced to.
+	(setq frames (append (delq (selected-frame) frames) (list frames)))
+	(if (or (eq limit 0) ; means create with reckless abandon
+		(< (length frames) limit))
+	    (get-frame-for-buffer-make-new-frame buffer)
+	  (car frames))))
+
+     (not-this-window-p
+      (let ((w-list (windows-of-buffer buffer))
+	    f w
+	    (first-choice nil)
+	    (second-choice (if get-frame-for-buffer-default-to-current
+			       (selected-frame)
+			     nil))
+	    (last-resort nil))
+	(while (and w-list (null first-choice))
+	  (setq w (car w-list)
+		f (window-frame w))
+	  (cond ((eq w (selected-window)) nil)
+		((not (frame-visible-p f))
+		 (if (null last-resort)
+		     (setq last-resort f)))
+		((eq f (selected-frame))
+		 (setq first-choice f))
+		((null second-choice)
+		 (setq second-choice f)))
+	  (setq w-list (cdr w-list)))
+	(or first-choice second-choice last-resort)))
+
+     (get-frame-for-buffer-default-to-current (selected-frame))
+
+     (t
+      ;;
+      ;; This buffer's mode did not express a preference for a frame of a
+      ;; particular name.  So try to find a frame already displaying this
+      ;; buffer.
+      ;;
+      (let ((w (or (get-buffer-window buffer nil)	; check current first
+		   (get-buffer-window buffer 'visible)	; then visible
+		   (get-buffer-window buffer 0))))	; then iconic
+	(cond ((null w)
+	       ;; It's not in any window - return nil, meaning no frame has
+	       ;; preference.
+	       nil)
+	      (t
+	       ;; Otherwise, return the frame of the buffer's window.
+	       (window-frame w))))))))
+
+
+;; The pre-display-buffer-function is called for effect, so this needs to
+;; actually select the frame it wants.  Fdisplay_buffer() takes notice of
+;; changes to the selected frame.
+(defun get-frame-for-buffer (buffer &optional not-this-window-p on-frame)
+  "Select and return a frame in which to display BUFFER.
+Normally, the buffer will simply be displayed in the selected frame.
+But if the symbol naming the major-mode of the buffer has a 'frame-name
+property (which should be a symbol), then the buffer will be displayed in
+a frame of that name.  If there is no frame of that name, then one is
+created.
+
+If the major-mode doesn't have a 'frame-name property, then the frame
+named by `get-frame-for-buffer-default-frame-name' will be used.  If
+that is nil (the default) then the currently selected frame will used.
+
+If the frame-name symbol has an 'instance-limit property (an integer)
+then each time a buffer of the mode in question is displayed, a new frame
+with that name will be created, until there are `instance-limit' of them.
+If instance-limit is 0, then a new frame will be created each time.
+
+If a buffer is already displayed in a frame, then `instance-limit' is
+ignored, and that frame is used.
+
+If the frame-name symbol has a 'frame-defaults property, then that is
+prepended to the `default-frame-plist' when creating a frame for the
+first time.
+
+This function may be used as the value of `pre-display-buffer-function',
+to cause the display-buffer function and its callers to exhibit the above
+behavior."
+  (let ((frame (get-frame-for-buffer-noselect
+		buffer not-this-window-p on-frame)))
+    (if (not (eq frame (selected-frame)))
+	frame
+      (select-frame frame)
+      (or (frame-visible-p frame)
+	  ;; If the frame was already visible, just focus on it.
+	  ;; If it wasn't visible (it was just created, or it used
+	  ;; to be iconified) then uniconify, raise, etc.
+	  (make-frame-visible frame))
+      frame)))
+
+(defun frames-of-buffer (&optional buffer visible-only)
+  "Return list of frames that BUFFER is currently being displayed on.
+If the buffer is being displayed on the currently selected frame, that frame
+is first in the list.  VISIBLE-ONLY will only list non-iconified frames."
+  (let ((list (windows-of-buffer buffer))
+	(cur-frame (selected-frame))
+	next-frame frames save-frame)
+
+    (while list
+      (if (memq (setq next-frame (window-frame (car list)))
+		frames)
+	  nil
+	(if (eq cur-frame next-frame)
+	    (setq save-frame next-frame)
+	  (and
+	   (or (not visible-only)
+	       (frame-visible-p next-frame))
+	   (setq frames (append frames (list next-frame))))))
+	(setq list (cdr list)))
+
+    (if save-frame
+	(append (list save-frame) frames)
+      frames)))
+
+(defcustom temp-buffer-shrink-to-fit nil
+  "*When non-nil resize temporary output buffers to minimize blank lines."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defcustom temp-buffer-max-height .5
+  "*Proportion of frame to use for temp windows."
+  :type 'number
+  :group 'frames)
+
+(defun show-temp-buffer-in-current-frame (buffer)
+  "For use as the value of temp-buffer-show-function:
+always displays the buffer in the selected frame, regardless of the behavior
+that would otherwise be introduced by the `pre-display-buffer-function', which
+is normally set to `get-frame-for-buffer' (which see)."
+  (let ((pre-display-buffer-function nil)) ; turn it off, whatever it is
+    (let ((window (display-buffer buffer)))
+      (if (not (eq (last-nonminibuf-frame) (window-frame window)))
+	  ;; only the pre-display-buffer-function should ever do this.
+	  (error "display-buffer switched frames on its own!!"))
+      (setq minibuffer-scroll-window window)
+      (set-window-start window 1) ; obeys narrowing
+      (set-window-point window 1)
+      (when temp-buffer-shrink-to-fit
+        (let* ((temp-window-size (round (* temp-buffer-max-height
+                                           (frame-height (window-frame window)))))
+               (size (window-displayed-height window)))
+          (when (< size temp-window-size)
+            (enlarge-window (- temp-window-size size) nil window)))
+        (shrink-window-if-larger-than-buffer window))
+      nil)))
+
+(setq pre-display-buffer-function 'get-frame-for-buffer)
+(setq temp-buffer-show-function 'show-temp-buffer-in-current-frame)
+
+
+;; from Bob Weiner <bweiner@pts.mot.com>, modified by Ben Wing
+(defun delete-other-frames (&optional frame)
+  "Delete all but FRAME (or the selected frame)."
+  (interactive)
+  (mapc 'delete-frame (delq (or frame (selected-frame)) (frame-list))))
+
+;; By adding primitives to directly access the window hierarchy,
+;; we can move many functions into Lisp.  We do it this way
+;; because the implementations are simpler in Lisp, and because
+;; new functions like this can be added without requiring C
+;; additions.
+
+(defun frame-utmost-window-2 (window position left-right-p major-end-p
+				     minor-end-p)
+  ;; LEFT-RIGHT-P means we're looking for the leftmost or rightmost
+  ;; window, instead of the highest or lowest.  In this case, we
+  ;; say that the "major axis" goes left-to-right instead of top-to-
+  ;; bottom.  The "minor axis" always goes perpendicularly.
+  ;;
+  ;; If MAJOR-END-P is t, we're looking for a windows that abut the
+  ;; end (i.e. right or bottom) of the major axis, instead of the
+  ;; start.
+  ;;
+  ;; If MINOR-END-P is t, then we want to start counting from the
+  ;; end of the minor axis instead of the beginning.
+  ;;
+  ;; Here's the general idea: Imagine we're trying to count the number
+  ;; of windows that abut the top; call this function foo().  So, we
+  ;; start with the root window.  If this is a vertical combination
+  ;; window, then foo() applied to the root window is the same as
+  ;; foo() applied to the first child.  If the root is a horizontal
+  ;; combination window, then foo() applied to the root is the
+  ;; same as the sum of foo() applied to each of the children.
+  ;; Otherwise, the root window is a leaf window, and foo() is 1.
+  ;; Now it's clear that, each time foo() encounters a leaf window,
+  ;; it's encountering a different window that abuts the top.
+  ;; With a little examining, you can see that foo encounters the
+  ;; top-abutting windows in order from left to right.  We can
+  ;; modify foo() to return the nth top-abutting window by simply
+  ;; keeping a global variable that is decremented each time
+  ;; foo() encounters a leaf window and would return 1.  If the
+  ;; global counter gets to zero, we've encountered the window
+  ;; we were looking for, so we exit right away using a `throw'.
+  ;; Otherwise, we make sure that all normal paths return nil.
+
+  (let (child)
+    (cond ((setq child (if left-right-p
+			   (window-first-hchild window)
+			 (window-first-vchild window)))
+	   (if major-end-p
+	       (while (window-next-child child)
+		 (setq child (window-next-child child))))
+	   (frame-utmost-window-2 child position left-right-p major-end-p
+				  minor-end-p))
+	  ((setq child (if left-right-p
+			   (window-first-vchild window)
+			 (window-first-hchild window)))
+	   (if minor-end-p
+	       (while (window-next-child child)
+		 (setq child (window-next-child child))))
+	   (while child
+	     (frame-utmost-window-2 child position left-right-p major-end-p
+				    minor-end-p)
+	     (setq child (if minor-end-p
+			     (window-previous-child child)
+			   (window-next-child child))))
+	   nil)
+	  (t
+	   (setcar position (1- (car position)))
+	   (if (= (car position) 0)
+	       (throw 'fhw-exit window)
+	     nil)))))
+
+(defun frame-utmost-window-1 (frame position left-right-p major-end-p)
+  (let (minor-end-p)
+    (or frame (setq frame (selected-frame)))
+    (or position (setq position 0))
+    (if (>= position 0)
+	(setq position (1+ position))
+      (setq minor-end-p t)
+      (setq position (- position)))
+    (catch 'fhw-exit
+      ;; we use a cons here as a simple form of call-by-reference.
+      ;; scheme has "boxes" for the same purpose.
+      (frame-utmost-window-2 (frame-root-window frame) (list position)
+			     left-right-p major-end-p minor-end-p))))
+
+
+(defun frame-highest-window (&optional frame position)
+  "Return the highest window on FRAME which is at POSITION.
+If omitted, FRAME defaults to the currently selected frame.
+POSITION is used to distinguish between multiple windows that abut
+ the top of the frame: 0 means the leftmost window abutting the
+ top of the frame, 1 the next-leftmost, etc.  POSITION can also
+ be less than zero: -1 means the rightmost window abutting the
+ top of the frame, -2 the next-rightmost, etc.
+If omitted, POSITION defaults to 0, i.e. the leftmost highest window.
+If there is no window at the given POSITION, return nil."
+  (frame-utmost-window-1 frame position nil nil))
+
+(defun frame-lowest-window (&optional frame position)
+  "Return the lowest window on FRAME which is at POSITION.
+If omitted, FRAME defaults to the currently selected frame.
+POSITION is used to distinguish between multiple windows that abut
+ the bottom of the frame: 0 means the leftmost window abutting the
+ bottom of the frame, 1 the next-leftmost, etc.  POSITION can also
+ be less than zero: -1 means the rightmost window abutting the
+ bottom of the frame, -2 the next-rightmost, etc.
+If omitted, POSITION defaults to 0, i.e. the leftmost lowest window.
+If there is no window at the given POSITION, return nil."
+  (frame-utmost-window-1 frame position nil t))
+
+(defun frame-leftmost-window (&optional frame position)
+  "Return the leftmost window on FRAME which is at POSITION.
+If omitted, FRAME defaults to the currently selected frame.
+POSITION is used to distinguish between multiple windows that abut
+ the left edge of the frame: 0 means the highest window abutting the
+ left edge of the frame, 1 the next-highest, etc.  POSITION can also
+ be less than zero: -1 means the lowest window abutting the
+ left edge of the frame, -2 the next-lowest, etc.
+If omitted, POSITION defaults to 0, i.e. the highest leftmost window.
+If there is no window at the given POSITION, return nil."
+  (frame-utmost-window-1 frame position t nil))
+
+(defun frame-rightmost-window (&optional frame position)
+  "Return the rightmost window on FRAME which is at POSITION.
+If omitted, FRAME defaults to the currently selected frame.
+POSITION is used to distinguish between multiple windows that abut
+ the right edge of the frame: 0 means the highest window abutting the
+ right edge of the frame, 1 the next-highest, etc.  POSITION can also
+ be less than zero: -1 means the lowest window abutting the
+ right edge of the frame, -2 the next-lowest, etc.
+If omitted, POSITION defaults to 0, i.e. the highest rightmost window.
+If there is no window at the given POSITION, return nil."
+  (frame-utmost-window-1 frame position t t))
+
+
+
+;; frame properties.
+
+(defun set-frame-property (frame prop val)
+  "Set property PROP of FRAME to VAL.  See `set-frame-properties'."
+  (set-frame-properties frame (list prop val)))
+
+(defun frame-height (&optional frame)
+  "Return number of lines available for display on FRAME."
+  (frame-property frame 'height))
+
+(defun frame-width (&optional frame)
+  "Return number of columns available for display on FRAME."
+  (frame-property frame 'width))
+
+(put 'cursor-color 'frame-property-alias [text-cursor background])
+(put 'modeline 'frame-property-alias 'has-modeline-p)
+
+
+(provide 'frame)
+
+;;; frame.el ends here