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comparison man/lispref/lispref.texi @ 444:576fb035e263 r21-2-37

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Import from CVS: tag r21-2-37
author cvs
date Mon, 13 Aug 2007 11:36:19 +0200
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443:a8296e22da4e 444:576fb035e263
245 * Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples. 245 * Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples.
246 * Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc. 246 * Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc.
247 247
248 Format of Descriptions 248 Format of Descriptions
249 249
250 * A Sample Function Description:: 250 * A Sample Function Description::
251 * A Sample Variable Description:: 251 * A Sample Variable Description::
252 252
253 Lisp Data Types 253 Lisp Data Types
254 254
255 * Printed Representation:: How Lisp objects are represented as text. 255 * Printed Representation:: How Lisp objects are represented as text.
256 * Comments:: Comments and their formatting conventions. 256 * Comments:: Comments and their formatting conventions.
363 Evaluation 363 Evaluation
364 364
365 * Intro Eval:: Evaluation in the scheme of things. 365 * Intro Eval:: Evaluation in the scheme of things.
366 * Eval:: How to invoke the Lisp interpreter explicitly. 366 * Eval:: How to invoke the Lisp interpreter explicitly.
367 * Forms:: How various sorts of objects are evaluated. 367 * Forms:: How various sorts of objects are evaluated.
368 * Quoting:: Avoiding evaluation (to put constants in 368 * Quoting:: Avoiding evaluation (to put constants in
369 the program). 369 the program).
370 370
371 Kinds of Forms 371 Kinds of Forms
372 372
373 * Self-Evaluating Forms:: Forms that evaluate to themselves. 373 * Self-Evaluating Forms:: Forms that evaluate to themselves.
416 * Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values. 416 * Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values.
417 * Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer. 417 * Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer.
418 418
419 Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings 419 Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings
420 420
421 * Scope:: Scope means where in the program a value 421 * Scope:: Scope means where in the program a value
422 is visible. Comparison with other languages. 422 is visible. Comparison with other languages.
423 * Extent:: Extent means how long in time a value exists. 423 * Extent:: Extent means how long in time a value exists.
424 * Impl of Scope:: Two ways to implement dynamic scoping. 424 * Impl of Scope:: Two ways to implement dynamic scoping.
425 * Using Scoping:: How to use dynamic scoping carefully and 425 * Using Scoping:: How to use dynamic scoping carefully and
426 avoid problems. 426 avoid problems.
427 427
428 Buffer-Local Variables 428 Buffer-Local Variables
429 429
430 * Intro to Buffer-Local:: Introduction and concepts. 430 * Intro to Buffer-Local:: Introduction and concepts.
438 * Lambda Expressions:: How functions are expressed as Lisp objects. 438 * Lambda Expressions:: How functions are expressed as Lisp objects.
439 * Function Names:: A symbol can serve as the name of a function. 439 * Function Names:: A symbol can serve as the name of a function.
440 * Defining Functions:: Lisp expressions for defining functions. 440 * Defining Functions:: Lisp expressions for defining functions.
441 * Calling Functions:: How to use an existing function. 441 * Calling Functions:: How to use an existing function.
442 * Mapping Functions:: Applying a function to each element of a list, etc. 442 * Mapping Functions:: Applying a function to each element of a list, etc.
443 * Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names. 443 * Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names.
444 * Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition 444 * Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition
445 of a symbol. 445 of a symbol.
446 * Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives 446 * Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives
447 that have a special bearing on how 447 that have a special bearing on how
448 functions work. 448 functions work.
449 449
450 Lambda Expressions 450 Lambda Expressions
451 451
452 * Lambda Components:: The parts of a lambda expression. 452 * Lambda Components:: The parts of a lambda expression.
478 478
479 Debugging Lisp Programs 479 Debugging Lisp Programs
480 480
481 * Debugger:: How the XEmacs Lisp debugger is implemented. 481 * Debugger:: How the XEmacs Lisp debugger is implemented.
482 * Syntax Errors:: How to find syntax errors. 482 * Syntax Errors:: How to find syntax errors.
483 * Compilation Errors:: How to find errors that show up in 483 * Compilation Errors:: How to find errors that show up in
484 byte compilation. 484 byte compilation.
485 * Edebug:: A source-level XEmacs Lisp debugger. 485 * Edebug:: A source-level XEmacs Lisp debugger.
486 486
487 The Lisp Debugger 487 The Lisp Debugger
488 488
489 * Error Debugging:: Entering the debugger when an error happens. 489 * Error Debugging:: Entering the debugger when an error happens.
490 * Function Debugging:: Entering it when a certain function is called. 490 * Function Debugging:: Entering it when a certain function is called.
491 * Explicit Debug:: Entering it at a certain point in the program. 491 * Explicit Debug:: Entering it at a certain point in the program.
500 * Excess Close:: How to find a spurious close paren or missing open. 500 * Excess Close:: How to find a spurious close paren or missing open.
501 501
502 Reading and Printing Lisp Objects 502 Reading and Printing Lisp Objects
503 503
504 * Streams Intro:: Overview of streams, reading and printing. 504 * Streams Intro:: Overview of streams, reading and printing.
505 * Input Streams:: Various data types that can be used as 505 * Input Streams:: Various data types that can be used as
506 input streams. 506 input streams.
507 * Input Functions:: Functions to read Lisp objects from text. 507 * Input Functions:: Functions to read Lisp objects from text.
508 * Output Streams:: Various data types that can be used as 508 * Output Streams:: Various data types that can be used as
509 output streams. 509 output streams.
510 * Output Functions:: Functions to print Lisp objects as text. 510 * Output Functions:: Functions to print Lisp objects as text.
511 511
512 Minibuffers 512 Minibuffers
513 513
632 Major and Minor Modes 632 Major and Minor Modes
633 633
634 * Major Modes:: Defining major modes. 634 * Major Modes:: Defining major modes.
635 * Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes. 635 * Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes.
636 * Modeline Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the modeline. 636 * Modeline Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the modeline.
637 * Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that 637 * Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that
638 provides hooks. 638 provides hooks.
639 639
640 Major Modes 640 Major Modes
641 641
642 * Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc. 642 * Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc.
692 File Names 692 File Names
693 693
694 * File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest. 694 * File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest.
695 * Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory 695 * Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory
696 is different from its name as a file. 696 is different from its name as a file.
697 * Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a 697 * Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a
698 current directory. 698 current directory.
699 * File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones. 699 * File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones.
700 * Unique File Names:: Generating names for temporary files. 700 * Unique File Names:: Generating names for temporary files.
701 * File Name Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name. 701 * File Name Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name.
702 702
703 Backups and Auto-Saving 703 Backups and Auto-Saving
704 704
705 * Backup Files:: How backup files are made; how their names 705 * Backup Files:: How backup files are made; how their names
706 are chosen. 706 are chosen.
707 * Auto-Saving:: How auto-save files are made; how their 707 * Auto-Saving:: How auto-save files are made; how their
708 names are chosen. 708 names are chosen.
709 * Reverting:: @code{revert-buffer}, and how to customize 709 * Reverting:: @code{revert-buffer}, and how to customize
710 what it does. 710 what it does.
711 711
712 Backup Files 712 Backup Files
713 713
714 * Making Backups:: How XEmacs makes backup files, and when. 714 * Making Backups:: How XEmacs makes backup files, and when.
715 * Rename or Copy:: Two alternatives: renaming the old file 715 * Rename or Copy:: Two alternatives: renaming the old file
716 or copying it. 716 or copying it.
717 * Numbered Backups:: Keeping multiple backups for each source file. 717 * Numbered Backups:: Keeping multiple backups for each source file.
718 * Backup Names:: How backup file names are computed; customization. 718 * Backup Names:: How backup file names are computed; customization.
719 719
720 Buffers 720 Buffers
744 * Buffers and Windows:: Each window displays the contents of a buffer. 744 * Buffers and Windows:: Each window displays the contents of a buffer.
745 * Displaying Buffers:: Higher-lever functions for displaying a buffer 745 * Displaying Buffers:: Higher-lever functions for displaying a buffer
746 and choosing a window for it. 746 and choosing a window for it.
747 * Window Point:: Each window has its own location of point. 747 * Window Point:: Each window has its own location of point.
748 * Window Start:: The display-start position controls which text 748 * Window Start:: The display-start position controls which text
749 is on-screen in the window. 749 is on-screen in the window.
750 * Vertical Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in the window. 750 * Vertical Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in the window.
751 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text sideways on the window. 751 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text sideways on the window.
752 * Size of Window:: Accessing the size of a window. 752 * Size of Window:: Accessing the size of a window.
753 * Resizing Windows:: Changing the size of a window. 753 * Resizing Windows:: Changing the size of a window.
754 * Window Configurations:: Saving and restoring the state of the screen. 754 * Window Configurations:: Saving and restoring the state of the screen.
790 790
791 * Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates. 791 * Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates.
792 * Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker. 792 * Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker.
793 * Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places. 793 * Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places.
794 * Information from Markers:: Finding the marker's buffer or character 794 * Information from Markers:: Finding the marker's buffer or character
795 position. 795 position.
796 * Changing Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position. 796 * Changing Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position.
797 * The Mark:: How ``the mark'' is implemented with a marker. 797 * The Mark:: How ``the mark'' is implemented with a marker.
798 * The Region:: How to access ``the region''. 798 * The Region:: How to access ``the region''.
799 799
800 Text 800 Text
821 * Substitution:: Replacing a given character wherever it appears. 821 * Substitution:: Replacing a given character wherever it appears.
822 * Registers:: How registers are implemented. Accessing the text or 822 * Registers:: How registers are implemented. Accessing the text or
823 position stored in a register. 823 position stored in a register.
824 * Transposition:: Swapping two portions of a buffer. 824 * Transposition:: Swapping two portions of a buffer.
825 * Change Hooks:: Supplying functions to be run when text is changed. 825 * Change Hooks:: Supplying functions to be run when text is changed.
826 826
827 The Kill Ring 827 The Kill Ring
828 828
829 * Kill Ring Concepts:: What text looks like in the kill ring. 829 * Kill Ring Concepts:: What text looks like in the kill ring.
830 * Kill Functions:: Functions that kill text. 830 * Kill Functions:: Functions that kill text.
831 * Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring. 831 * Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring.
1095 * Syntax of Search Filters:: A brief summary of RFC 1558 1095 * Syntax of Search Filters:: A brief summary of RFC 1558
1096 1096
1097 XEmacs LDAP API 1097 XEmacs LDAP API
1098 1098
1099 * LDAP Variables:: Lisp variables related to LDAP 1099 * LDAP Variables:: Lisp variables related to LDAP
1100 * The High-Level LDAP API:: High-level LDAP lisp functions 1100 * The High-Level LDAP API:: High-level LDAP lisp functions
1101 * The Low-Level LDAP API:: Low-level LDAP lisp primitives 1101 * The Low-Level LDAP API:: Low-level LDAP lisp primitives
1102 * LDAP Internationalization:: I18n variables and functions 1102 * LDAP Internationalization:: I18n variables and functions
1103 1103
1104 The Low-Level LDAP API 1104 The Low-Level LDAP API
1105 1105
1106 * The LDAP Lisp Object:: 1106 * The LDAP Lisp Object::
1107 * Opening and Closing a LDAP Connection:: 1107 * Opening and Closing a LDAP Connection::
1108 * Low-level Operations on a LDAP Server:: 1108 * Low-level Operations on a LDAP Server::
1109 1109
1110 LDAP Internationalization 1110 LDAP Internationalization
1111 1111
1112 * LDAP Internationalization Variables:: 1112 * LDAP Internationalization Variables::
1113 * Encoder/Decoder Functions:: 1113 * Encoder/Decoder Functions::
1114 1114
1115 Internationalization 1115 Internationalization
1116 1116
1117 * I18N Levels 1 and 2:: Support for different time, date, and currency formats. 1117 * I18N Levels 1 and 2:: Support for different time, date, and currency formats.
1118 * I18N Level 3:: Support for localized messages. 1118 * I18N Level 3:: Support for localized messages.