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Merge, restoring Ben's GPLv3 manual changes.
author Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net>
date Mon, 09 May 2011 20:47:31 +0100
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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
2 @c The GNU Free Documentation License.
3 @center Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
4 @c Synced up with: FSF 23.1.92.
5 @c Synced by: Ben Wing, 2-17-10.
6
7 @c This file is intended to be included within another document,
8 @c hence no sectioning command or @node.
9
10 @display
11 Copyright @copyright{} 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
12 @uref{http://fsf.org/}
13
14 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
15 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
16 @end display
17
18 @enumerate 0
19 @item
20 PREAMBLE
21
22 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
23 functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to
24 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
25 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
26 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
27 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
28 for modifications made by others.
29
30 This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative
31 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
32 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
33 license designed for free software.
34
35 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
36 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
37 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
38 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
39 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
40 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
41 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
42
43 @item
44 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
45
46 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
47 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
48 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
49 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
50 work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below,
51 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
52 licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you
53 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
54 under copyright law.
55
56 A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the
57 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
58 modifications and/or translated into another language.
59
60 A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section
61 of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
62 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
63 subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
64 directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
65 part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
66 any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
67 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
68 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
69 them.
70
71 The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
72 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
73 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
74 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
75 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
76 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
77 Sections then there are none.
78
79 The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed,
80 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
81 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
82 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
83
84 A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
85 represented in a format whose specification is available to the
86 general public, that is suitable for revising the document
87 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
88 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
89 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
90 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
91 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
92 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
93 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
94 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
95 of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''.
96
97 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
98 @sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, La@TeX{} input
99 format, @acronym{SGML} or @acronym{XML} using a publicly available
100 @acronym{DTD}, and standard-conforming simple @acronym{HTML},
101 PostScript or @acronym{PDF} designed for human modification. Examples
102 of transparent image formats include @acronym{PNG}, @acronym{XCF} and
103 @acronym{JPG}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be
104 read and edited only by proprietary word processors, @acronym{SGML} or
105 @acronym{XML} for which the @acronym{DTD} and/or processing tools are
106 not generally available, and the machine-generated @acronym{HTML},
107 PostScript or @acronym{PDF} produced by some word processors for
108 output purposes only.
109
110 The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
111 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
112 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
113 formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means
114 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
115 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
116
117 The ``publisher'' means any person or entity that distributes copies
118 of the Document to the public.
119
120 A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose
121 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
122 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
123 specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'',
124 ``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title''
125 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
126 section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition.
127
128 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
129 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
130 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
131 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
132 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
133 no effect on the meaning of this License.
134
135 @item
136 VERBATIM COPYING
137
138 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
139 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
140 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
141 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
142 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
143 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
144 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
145 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
146 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
147
148 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
149 you may publicly display copies.
150
151 @item
152 COPYING IN QUANTITY
153
154 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
155 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
156 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
157 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
158 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
159 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
160 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
161 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
162 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
163 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
164 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
165 as verbatim copying in other respects.
166
167 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
168 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
169 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
170 pages.
171
172 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
173 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
174 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
175 a computer-network location from which the general network-using
176 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
177 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
178 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
179 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
180 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
181 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
182 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
183 edition to the public.
184
185 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
186 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
187 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
188
189 @item
190 MODIFICATIONS
191
192 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
193 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
194 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
195 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
196 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
197 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
198
199 @enumerate A
200 @item
201 Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
202 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
203 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
204 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
205 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
206
207 @item
208 List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
209 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
210 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
211 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
212 unless they release you from this requirement.
213
214 @item
215 State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
216 Modified Version, as the publisher.
217
218 @item
219 Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
220
221 @item
222 Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
223 adjacent to the other copyright notices.
224
225 @item
226 Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
227 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
228 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
229
230 @item
231 Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
232 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
233
234 @item
235 Include an unaltered copy of this License.
236
237 @item
238 Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add
239 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
240 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
241 there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one
242 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
243 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
244 Version as stated in the previous sentence.
245
246 @item
247 Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
248 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
249 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
250 it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section.
251 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
252 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
253 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
254
255 @item
256 For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve
257 the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the
258 substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
259 dedications given therein.
260
261 @item
262 Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
263 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
264 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
265
266 @item
267 Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section
268 may not be included in the Modified Version.
269
270 @item
271 Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or
272 to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
273
274 @item
275 Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
276 @end enumerate
277
278 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
279 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
280 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
281 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
282 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
283 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
284
285 You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains
286 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
287 parties---for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
288 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
289 standard.
290
291 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
292 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
293 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
294 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
295 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
296 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
297 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
298 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
299 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
300
301 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
302 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
303 imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
304
305 @item
306 COMBINING DOCUMENTS
307
308 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
309 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
310 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
311 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
312 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
313 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
314
315 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
316 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
317 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
318 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
319 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
320 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
321 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
322 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
323
324 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History''
325 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
326 ``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
327 and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all
328 sections Entitled ``Endorsements.''
329
330 @item
331 COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
332
333 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
334 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
335 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
336 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
337 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
338
339 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
340 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
341 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
342 other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
343
344 @item
345 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
346
347 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
348 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
349 distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright
350 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
351 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
352 When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
353 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
354 derivative works of the Document.
355
356 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
357 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
358 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
359 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
360 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
361 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
362 aggregate.
363
364 @item
365 TRANSLATION
366
367 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
368 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
369 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
370 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
371 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
372 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
373 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
374 Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
375 the original English version of this License and the original versions
376 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
377 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
378 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
379
380 If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
381 ``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
382 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
383 title.
384
385 @item
386 TERMINATION
387
388 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
389 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
390 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
391 will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
392
393 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
394 from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
395 unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
396 terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
397 fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
398 60 days after the cessation.
399
400 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
401 reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
402 violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
403 received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
404 copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
405 your receipt of the notice.
406
407 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
408 licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
409 this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
410 reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
411 not give you any rights to use it.
412
413 @item
414 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
415
416 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
417 of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
418 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
419 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
420 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/}.
421
422 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
423 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
424 License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of
425 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
426 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
427 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
428 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
429 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
430 specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
431 License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
432 version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
433 Document.
434
435 @item
436 RELICENSING
437
438 ``Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site'' (or ``MMC Site'') means any
439 World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
440 provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A
441 public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
442 ``Massive Multiauthor Collaboration'' (or ``MMC'') contained in the
443 site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC
444 site.
445
446 ``CC-BY-SA'' means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
447 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
448 corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
449 California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
450 published by that same organization.
451
452 ``Incorporate'' means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or
453 in part, as part of another Document.
454
455 An MMC is ``eligible for relicensing'' if it is licensed under this
456 License, and if all works that were first published under this License
457 somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole
458 or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections,
459 and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
460
461 The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
462 under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
463 provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
464
465 @end enumerate
466
467 @page
468 @heading ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
469
470 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
471 the License in the document and put the following copyright and
472 license notices just after the title page:
473
474 @smallexample
475 @group
476 Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}.
477 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
478 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
479 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
480 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
481 Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
482 Free Documentation License''.
483 @end group
484 @end smallexample
485
486 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
487 replace the ``with@dots{}Texts.'' line with this:
488
489 @smallexample
490 @group
491 with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with
492 the Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts
493 being @var{list}.
494 @end group
495 @end smallexample
496
497 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
498 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
499 situation.
500
501 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
502 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
503 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
504 to permit their use in free software.
505
506
507 @c Local Variables:
508 @c ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict"
509 @c End:
510
511 @ignore
512 arch-tag: c1679162-1d8a-4f02-bc52-2e71765f0165
513 @end ignore