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1 \input texinfo.tex @c -*-texinfo-*- | |
2 @c %**start of header | |
3 @setfilename ../info/xemacs-faq.info | |
4 @settitle Frequently asked questions about XEmacs | |
5 @setchapternewpage off | |
6 @c %**end of header | |
7 | |
8 @titlepage | |
9 @title XEmacs FAQ | |
10 @subtitle Frequently asked questions about XEmacs | |
11 @subtitle Last Modified: 1995/08/29 | |
12 @sp 1 | |
13 @author Anthony Rossini <arossini@@biostats.hmc.psu.edu> | |
14 @author Ben Wing <wing@@netcom.com> | |
15 @author Chuck Thompson <cthomp@@cs.uiuc.edu> | |
16 @page | |
17 @end titlepage | |
18 | |
19 @c Some of this stuff needs to go in the HTML version which means it | |
20 @c needs to be put outside of the ifinfo statement. | |
21 | |
22 @ifinfo | |
23 @node top, 1. Introductory Questions, (dir), (dir) | |
24 @unnumbered XEmacs FAQ | |
25 | |
26 Version: OUT OF DATE | |
27 | |
28 Current-Editor: Steven L Baur <steve@@miranova.com> | |
29 | |
30 Copying Status: Freely Redistributable. I take no liability for the | |
31 correctness and safety of any procedures or advice given | |
32 here. This FAQ is distributed in the hope that it will | |
33 be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the | |
34 implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A | |
35 PARTICULAR PURPOSE. | |
36 | |
37 WARNING! WARNING! Danger Will Robinson! | |
38 | |
39 This file was not updated for the 19.14 release and is very out-of-date. | |
40 Our apologies. This situation will be corrected for 19.15. Steven Baur | |
41 has taken over as the FAQ maintainer and is keeping a very up-to-date | |
42 copy on the Web at <http://www.miranova.com/~steve/xemacs-faq.html>. Of | |
43 course, it is also available at <http://www.xemacs.org/faq/xemacs-faq.html>. | |
44 | |
45 Out of date FAQ starts here: | |
46 | |
47 This is a list of frequently asked questions for XEmacs users and | |
48 maintainers. | |
49 | |
50 You can obtain the latest version of this file by anonymous FTP from | |
51 site @file{ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs/faq/xemacs-faq.FORMAT} where FORMAT | |
52 is text, texinfo (the master copy), postscript, dvi, html, info. Note that | |
53 the html version has 2 files. | |
54 | |
55 Thanks to the many who contributed, especially to JWZ <jwz@@netscape.com> for | |
56 starting this whole wonderful mess... Special thanks to Tim Geisler | |
57 <tmgeisle@@faui80.informatik.uni-erlangen.de> for the initial texinfo | |
58 version and to Giacomo Boffi <sboff@@hp735.stru.polimi.it> for the initial | |
59 HTML version. Other contributors (many left out, unfortunately, due to an | |
60 old mail-purge) include: | |
61 @itemize @bullet | |
62 @item | |
63 Juergen Nickelsen <nickel@@prz.tu-berlin.de> | |
64 @item | |
65 Evelyn Ginsparg <ginsparg@@adra.com> | |
66 @item | |
67 d3h554@@foghorn.pnl.gov | |
68 @item | |
69 Marty Hall <hall@@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu> | |
70 @item | |
71 Richard Caley <rjc@@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> | |
72 @item | |
73 fcg@@philabs.Philips.COM | |
74 @item | |
75 Stig <stig@@hackvan.com> | |
76 @item | |
77 Arup Mukherjee <arup+@@cmu.edu> | |
78 @item | |
79 Kevin R. Powell <powell@@csl.ncsa.uiuc.edu> | |
80 @item | |
81 Eric Eide <eeide@@cs.utah.edu> | |
82 @item | |
83 William G. Dubuque <wgd@@martigny.ai.mit.edu> | |
84 @item | |
85 Chris Flatters <cflatter@@nrao.edu> | |
86 @item | |
87 John A. Turner <turner@@lanl.gov> | |
88 @end itemize | |
89 | |
90 @end ifinfo | |
91 | |
92 @menu | |
93 * top:: XEmacs FAQ | |
94 * 1. Introductory Questions::. | |
95 * 2. Compiling XEmacs::. | |
96 * 3. Problems running XEmacs / weird messages::. | |
97 * 4. Customization -- Emacs Lisp and the .emacs file::. | |
98 * 5. Customization -- X resources::. | |
99 * 6. Changing textual fonts and colors::. | |
100 * 7. The modeline::. | |
101 * 8. The keyboard::. | |
102 * 9. The cursor::. | |
103 * 10. The mouse; cutting and pasting::. | |
104 * 11. Highlighting::. | |
105 * 12. The menubar and toolbar::. | |
106 * 13. Scrollbars::. | |
107 * 14. Frame Geometry::. | |
108 * 15. Window/icon title; window manager problems::. | |
109 * 16. Editing source code (C mode; Lisp mode; etc.)::. | |
110 * 17. Text mode::. | |
111 * 18. Shell mode::. | |
112 * 19. Mail; VM; GNUS; BBDB; and related::. | |
113 * 20. Printing::. | |
114 * 21. Gnuserv::. | |
115 * 22. Miscellaneous::. | |
116 @end menu | |
117 | |
118 | |
119 | |
120 @node 1. Introductory Questions, 2. Compiling XEmacs, top, top | |
121 @chapter 1. Introductory Questions | |
122 | |
123 @menu | |
124 * 1.1.:: 1.1. Preface | |
125 * 1.2.:: 1.2. What is XEmacs? | |
126 * 1.3.:: 1.3. What is the current version of XEmacs? | |
127 * 1.4.:: 1.4. Where can I find it? | |
128 * 1.5.:: 1.5. Why another version of Emacs? | |
129 * 1.6.:: 1.6. What do @kbd{M-x}, GNU, etc. mean? | |
130 * 1.7.:: 1.7. Where can I get help for using XEmacs? | |
131 * 1.8.:: 1.8. Where is the mailing list archived? | |
132 * 1.9.:: 1.9. What is InfoDock, how does it relate to XEmacs, and how can I obtain it? | |
133 @end menu | |
134 | |
135 | |
136 @node 1.1. | |
137 @section 1.1. Preface | |
138 | |
139 This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ's) | |
140 about XEmacs with answers. This article contains a listing of the | |
141 questions; subsequent articles contain the questions and answers. | |
142 | |
143 This is not a substitute for general Emacs questions, and actually | |
144 includes nothing that might help a novice learn to use Emacs or XEmacs. | |
145 For that, check out the regular Emacs lists, the tutorial inside of | |
146 XEmacs (look on the Help menu), or the O'Reilly book @cite{Learning GNU | |
147 Emacs}. This FAQ focuses on specific issues regarding XEmacs. If you | |
148 don't find the answer here, perhaps it really is a more general | |
149 question, and check the GNU Emacs FAQ for more information, as well. | |
150 | |
151 The FAQ list is posted to reduce the noise level in the | |
152 @samp{comp.emacs.xemacs} newsgroup which results from the repetition of | |
153 frequently asked questions, wrong answers to these questions, | |
154 corrections to the wrong answers, corrections to the corrections, | |
155 debate, name calling, etc. Also, it serves as a repository of the | |
156 canonical ``best'' answers to these questions. However, if you know a | |
157 better answer or even a slight change that improves an answer, please | |
158 tell me! | |
159 | |
160 If you know the answer of a question is in the FAQ list, please reply to | |
161 the question by e-mail instead of posting. Help reduce noise! | |
162 | |
163 Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, deletions, etc. | |
164 The most helpful form for suggestions is a context diff (i.e. the output | |
165 of @samp{diff -c}). Include @samp{FAQ} in the subject of messages sent | |
166 to us about the FAQ list. | |
167 | |
168 Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to | |
169 disturb a lot of people and you think we would know the answer. We do | |
170 not have time to answer questions individually and keep up with | |
171 everything else we have to get done. | |
172 | |
173 Many thanks need to go to all contributors on the old alt.lucid-emacs.* | |
174 and current comp.emacs.xemacs groups. This would never have been | |
175 collected without you. | |
176 | |
177 Any directories given are usually in reference to the base directory | |
178 formed by unpacking XEmacs. | |
179 | |
180 | |
181 @node 1.2. | |
182 @section 1.2. What is XEmacs? | |
183 | |
184 An alternative to GNU Emacs, originally based on an early alpha version | |
185 of FSF's version 19. XEmacs was known as Lucid Emacs through version | |
186 19.10. Almost all features of GNU Emacs are supported in XEmacs (the | |
187 ones that aren't supported are generally implemented in a better way in | |
188 XEmacs). The maintainers of XEmacs actively track changes to GNU Emacs | |
189 while also working to add new features never before seen in Emacs. | |
190 | |
191 | |
192 @node 1.3. | |
193 @section 1.3. What is the current version of XEmacs? | |
194 | |
195 The current version is 19.13, released on September 1, 1995. | |
196 | |
197 | |
198 @node 1.4. | |
199 @section 1.4. Where can I find it? | |
200 | |
201 The canonical source and binaries is found via anonymous FTP at | |
202 @ifinfo | |
203 @file{ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs}. | |
204 @end ifinfo | |
205 @ifhtml | |
206 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.cs.uiuc.edu/pub/xemacs/">ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs/</A> | |
207 @end ifhtml | |
208 | |
209 @node 1.5. | |
210 @section 1.5. Why Another Version of Emacs? | |
211 | |
212 @ifinfo | |
213 For a detailed description of the differences between GNU Emacs and | |
214 XEmacs, and a detailed history of XEmacs, see the file @file{etc/NEWS} | |
215 in the source distribution. However, here is a list of some of the | |
216 reasons why we think you might consider using it: | |
217 @end ifinfo | |
218 @ifhtml | |
219 For a detailed description of the differences between GNU Emacs and | |
220 XEmacs and a detailed history of XEmacs, check out the | |
221 <A HREF="http://xemacs.cs.uiuc.edu/NEWS.html/">NEWS</A> file. However, | |
222 here is a list of some of the reasons why we think you might consider | |
223 using it: | |
224 @end ifhtml | |
225 | |
226 @itemize @bullet | |
227 @item | |
228 It looks nicer | |
229 @item | |
230 The XEmacs maintainers are generally more receptive to suggestions than | |
231 the GNU Emacs maintainers | |
232 @item | |
233 Many more bundled packages than GNU Emacs, all properly integrated with | |
234 XEmacs | |
235 @item | |
236 Binaries are available for many common operating systems | |
237 @item | |
238 Face support on TTY's | |
239 @item | |
240 A built-in toolbar | |
241 @item | |
242 Better Motif compliance | |
243 @item | |
244 Some internationalization support for European languages. Full MULE | |
245 (Multi-Lingual EMacs) support is being actively worked on. | |
246 @item | |
247 Variable-width fonts | |
248 @item | |
249 Variable-height lines | |
250 @item | |
251 Marginal annotations | |
252 @item | |
253 ToolTalk support | |
254 @item | |
255 XEmacs can be used as an Xt widget, and can be embedded within another | |
256 application | |
257 @item | |
258 Horizontal and vertical scrollbars (using real toolkit scrollbars) | |
259 @item | |
260 Better APIs (and performance) for attaching fonts, colors, and other | |
261 properties to text | |
262 @item | |
263 The ability to embed arbitrary graphics in a buffer | |
264 @item | |
265 Completely compatible (at the C level) with the Xt-based toolkits | |
266 @end itemize | |
267 | |
268 | |
269 @node 1.6. | |
270 @section 1.6. What do @kbd{M-x}, GNU, etc. mean? | |
271 | |
272 This is really a general Emacs question, but a table of some common | |
273 terms/acronyms is provided here for your convenience. | |
274 @ifinfo | |
275 See the @cite{GNU Emacs FAQ} for a more complete list. | |
276 @end ifinfo | |
277 @ifhtml | |
278 See the <A HREF="http://www.eecs.nwu.edu/emacs/faq">GNU Emacs FAQ</A> | |
279 for a more complete list. | |
280 @end ifhtml | |
281 | |
282 @table @samp | |
283 @item BLAT FOOP | |
284 Historical XEmacs error message | |
285 @item C-x | |
286 @dfn{C-x} means that the @key{Control} key and the @key{X} key should be | |
287 pressed together, like when you use the @key{Shift} key. | |
288 @item E-Lisp | |
289 Same as @dfn{Emacs-Lisp}. | |
290 @item Emacs-Lisp | |
291 The dialect of Lisp supported by Emacs and XEmacs. You use this to | |
292 customize XEmacs. | |
293 @item FAQ | |
294 Frequently asked question(s). | |
295 @item FSF | |
296 The Free Software Foundation. | |
297 @item GNU | |
298 @dfn{GNU} refers to products written by the Free Software Foundation. | |
299 @item JWZ | |
300 Jamie Zawinski <jwz@@netscape.com>, the former maintainer of Lucid Emacs | |
301 (which XEmacs evolved from). | |
302 @item M-x | |
303 @dfn{M-x} means that the @key{Meta} key and the @key{X} key should be | |
304 pressed together, like when you use the @key{Shift} key. Sometimes | |
305 the @key{Meta} key is labelled @samp{Alt} or with a diamond. Some | |
306 keyboards don't have a @key{Meta} key at all; then you can get the | |
307 equivalent by typing the @key{Esc} key followed by the @key{X} key. | |
308 @item RMS | |
309 Richard Stallman <rms@@gnu.ai.mit.edu>, the author of GNU Emacs. | |
310 @item VI | |
311 An editor used by those heretics that don't subscribe to the Emacs religion. | |
312 @end table | |
313 | |
314 | |
315 @node 1.7. | |
316 @section 1.7. Where can I get help for using XEmacs? | |
317 | |
318 Probably the easiest way, if everything is installed, is to use info, by | |
319 pressing @kbd{C-h i}, or selecting @samp{Emacs Info} from the Help Menu. | |
320 Also, @kbd{M-x apropos} will look for commands for you. | |
321 | |
322 Try reading this FAQ, examining the regular GNU Emacs FAQ (which can be | |
323 found with the Emacs 19 distribution) as well as at | |
324 @ifinfo | |
325 @file{http://www.eecs.nwu.edu/emacs/faq/} and reading the Usenet group | |
326 @end ifinfo | |
327 @ifhtml | |
328 <A HREF="http://www.eecs.nwu.edu/emacs/faq/">http://www.eecs.nwu.edu/emacs/faq/</A> | |
329 and reading the Usenet group | |
330 @end ifhtml | |
331 @samp{comp.emacs.xemacs}. If that does not help, try posting your | |
332 question to @samp{comp.emacs.xemacs}. If you cannot post or read | |
333 Usenet news, there is a corresponding mailing list which is available. | |
334 It can be subscribed to by sending mail to | |
335 | |
336 @example | |
337 xemacs-request@@cs.uiuc.edu | |
338 @end example | |
339 | |
340 for subscription information and | |
341 | |
342 @example | |
343 xemacs@@cs.uiuc.edu | |
344 @end example | |
345 | |
346 to send messages to the list. | |
347 | |
348 To cancel a subscription, YOU MUST use the xemacs-request address. | |
349 | |
350 Bug reports should be sent to the same locations. | |
351 | |
352 | |
353 @node 1.8. | |
354 @section 1.8. Where is the mailing list archived? | |
355 | |
356 The mailing list is archived in the directory | |
357 @ifinfo | |
358 @file{ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs/mlists/}. | |
359 @end ifinfo | |
360 @ifhtml | |
361 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.cs.uiuc.edu/pub/xemacs/mlists/">ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs/mlists/</A> | |
362 @end ifhtml | |
363 | |
364 | |
365 @node 1.9. | |
366 @section 1.9. What is InfoDock, how does it relate to XEmacs, and how can I obtain it? | |
367 | |
368 InfoDock is an integrated productivity toolset, mainly aimed at | |
369 technical people. It is built atop the XEmacs variant of GNU Emacs and | |
370 so has all of the power of Emacs, but with an easier to use and more | |
371 comprehensive menu-based user interface. The next section describes how | |
372 it differs from XEmacs and GNU Emacs from the Free Software Foundation. | |
373 | |
374 The quickest way to get a feel for InfoDock is to browse the InfoDock | |
375 Manual, especially the section on tools. This will help you decide | |
376 whether or not to download InfoDock for local use. This manual is | |
377 available in gzipped Postscript form, alongside the InfoDock | |
378 distribution. (See below for FTP retrieval instructions.) | |
379 | |
380 InfoDock is aimed at people who want a free, turn-key productivity | |
381 environment. Although InfoDock is customizable, it is not intended for | |
382 people who like basic versions of Emacs which need to be customized | |
383 extensively for local use; standard Emacs distributions are better for | |
384 such uses. InfoDock is for those people who want a complete, | |
385 pre-customized environment in one package, which they need not touch | |
386 more than once or twice a year to update to new revisions. | |
387 | |
388 InfoDock is pre-built for SPARCstations running SunOS V4 or V5 | |
389 (Solaris). It is intended for use on a color display, although most | |
390 features will work on monochrome monitors. Simply unpack InfoDock | |
391 according to the instructions in the ID-INSTALL file and you are ready | |
392 to run. | |
393 | |
394 The InfoDock Manual is concise, yet sufficient as a user guide for users | |
395 who have never used an Emacs-type editor before. For users who are | |
396 already familiar with Emacs, it supplements the information in the GNU | |
397 Emacs Manual. | |
398 | |
399 InfoDock menus are much more extensive and more mature than standard | |
400 Emacs menus. Each menu offers a @samp{Manual} item which displays | |
401 documentation associated with the menu's functions. | |
402 | |
403 Three types of menubars are provided: | |
404 @enumerate | |
405 @item | |
406 An extensive menubar providing access to global InfoDock commands. | |
407 @item | |
408 Mode-specific menubars tailored to the current major mode. | |
409 @item | |
410 A simple menubar for basic editing to help novices get started with InfoDock. | |
411 @end enumerate | |
412 | |
413 Most modes also include mode-specific popup menus. Additionally, region and | |
414 rectangle popup menus are included. | |
415 @itemize @bullet | |
416 @item | |
417 @samp{Hyperbole}, the everyday information manager, is a core part of | |
418 InfoDock. This provides context-sensitive mouse keys, a rolodex-type | |
419 contact manager, programmable hypertext buttons, and an autonumbered | |
420 outliner with embedded hyperlink anchors. | |
421 @item | |
422 @samp{PIEmail}, the prototype Personalized Information Environment Mail | |
423 Tool, is included. | |
424 @item | |
425 The @samp{OO-Browser}, a multi-language object-oriented code browser, is a | |
426 standard part of InfoDock. | |
427 @end itemize | |
428 | |
429 InfoDock saves a more extensive set of user options than other Emacs | |
430 versions. | |
431 | |
432 InfoDock inserts a useful file header in many file types, showing the | |
433 author, summary, and last modification time of each file. A summary | |
434 program can then be used to summarize all of the files in a directory, | |
435 for easy MANIFEST file creation. | |
436 | |
437 Your working set of buffers is automatically saved and restored (if you | |
438 answer yes to a prompt) between InfoDock sessions. | |
439 | |
440 Refined color choices for code highlighting are provided for both dark and | |
441 light background display frames. | |
442 | |
443 The @kbd{C-z} key prefix performs frame-based commands which parallel the | |
444 @kbd{C-x} key prefix for window-based commands. | |
445 | |
446 The Smart Menu system is included for producing command menus on dumb | |
447 terminals. (InfoDock does not yet run on dumb terminals but will in 1995.) | |
448 | |
449 Lisp libraries are better categorized according to function. | |
450 | |
451 Extensions and improvements to many areas of Emacs are included, such as: | |
452 paragraph filling, mail reading with Rmail, shell handling, outlining, code | |
453 highlighting and browsing, and man page browsing. | |
454 | |
455 InfoDock questions, answers and discussion should go to the mail list | |
456 @samp{infodock@@hub.ucsb.edu}. Use | |
457 @samp{infodock-request@@hub.ucsb.edu} to be added or removed from the | |
458 list. Always include your InfoDock version number when sending help | |
459 requests. | |
460 | |
461 InfoDock is available across the Internet via anonymous FTP. To get | |
462 it, first move to a directory into which you want the InfoDock archive | |
463 files placed. We will call this <DIST-DIR>. | |
464 | |
465 @example | |
466 cd <DIST-DIR> | |
467 @end example | |
468 | |
469 FTP to ftp.cs.uiuc.edu (Internet Host ID = 128.174.252.1): | |
470 | |
471 @example | |
472 prompt> ftp ftp.cs.uiuc.edu | |
473 @end example | |
474 | |
475 Login as @samp{anonymous} with your own <user-id>@@<site-name> as a password. | |
476 | |
477 @example | |
478 Name (ftp.cs.uiuc.edu): anonymous | |
479 331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password. | |
480 Password: -<your-user-id@@your-domain> | |
481 230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply. | |
482 @end example | |
483 | |
484 Move to the location of the InfoDock archives: | |
485 | |
486 @example | |
487 ftp> cd pub/xemacs/infodock | |
488 @end example | |
489 | |
490 Set your transfer mode to binary: | |
491 | |
492 @example | |
493 ftp> bin | |
494 200 Type set to I. | |
495 @end example | |
496 | |
497 Turn off prompting: | |
498 | |
499 @example | |
500 ftp> prompt | |
501 Interactive mode off. | |
502 @end example | |
503 | |
504 Retrieve the InfoDock archives that you want, either by using a | |
505 @samp{get <file>} for each file you want or by using the following to | |
506 get a complete distribution, including all binaries: | |
507 | |
508 @example | |
509 ftp> mget ID-INSTALL | |
510 ftp> mget id-* | |
511 @end example | |
512 | |
513 Close the FTP connection: | |
514 | |
515 @example | |
516 ftp> quit | |
517 221 Goodbye. | |
518 @end example | |
519 | |
520 Read the @file{ID-INSTALL} file which you just retrieved for | |
521 step-by-step installation instructions. | |
522 | |
523 | |
524 | |
525 @node 2. Compiling XEmacs, 3. Problems running XEmacs / weird messages, 1. Introductory Questions, top | |
526 @chapter 2. Compiling XEmacs | |
527 | |
528 @menu | |
529 * 2.1.:: 2.1. What is the best way to compile XEmacs with the netaudio system, since I have got the netaudio system compiled but installed at a weird place, I am not root. Also in the READMEs it does not say anything about compiling with the audioserver? | |
530 @end menu | |
531 | |
532 | |
533 @node 2.1. | |
534 @section 2.1. What is the best way to compile XEmacs with the netaudio system, since I have got the netaudio system compiled but installed at a weird place, I am not root. Also in the READMEs it does not say anything about compiling with the audioserver? | |
535 | |
536 You should only need to add some stuff to the configure command line. To tell | |
537 it to compile in netaudio support: | |
538 | |
539 @example | |
540 --with-sound=both | |
541 @end example | |
542 | |
543 (Or @samp{--with-sound=nas} if you don't want native sound support for | |
544 some reason.) To tell it where to find the netaudio includes and | |
545 libraries: | |
546 | |
547 @example | |
548 --site-libraries=WHATEVER | |
549 --site-includes=WHATEVER | |
550 @end example | |
551 | |
552 Then (fingers crossed) it should compile and it will use netaudio if you | |
553 have a server running corresponding to the X server. The netaudio server | |
554 has to be there when XEmacs starts. If the netaudio server goes away and | |
555 another is run, XEmacs should cope (fingers crossed, error handling in | |
556 netaudio isn't perfect). | |
557 | |
558 BTW, netaudio has been renamed as it has a name clash with something | |
559 else, so if you see references to NAS or Network Audio System, it's the | |
560 @ifinfo | |
561 same thing. It also might be found at | |
562 | |
563 @example | |
564 ftp.x.org:/contrib/audio/nas/ | |
565 ftp.ncd.com:/pub/ncd/technology/src/nas/ | |
566 @end example | |
567 @end ifinfo | |
568 @ifhtml | |
569 same thing. It also might be found at | |
570 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/audio/nas/">ftp.x.org:/contrib/audio/nas/</A> | |
571 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.ncd.com:/pub/ncd/technology/src/nas/">ftp.ncd.com:/pub/ncd/technology/src/nas/</A> | |
572 @end ifhtml | |
573 | |
574 @node 3. Problems running XEmacs / weird messages, 4. Customization -- Emacs Lisp and the .emacs file, 2. Compiling XEmacs, top | |
575 @chapter 3. Problems running XEmacs / weird messages | |
576 | |
577 @menu | |
578 * 3.1.:: 3.1. Help! XEmacs just crashed on me! | |
579 * 3.2.:: 3.2. When I try to use some particular option of some particular package, I get a cryptic error in the minibuffer. | |
580 * 3.3.:: 3.3. I get tons of translation table syntax error messages during startup. How do I get rid of them? | |
581 * 3.4.:: 3.4. How can I avoid the startup warnings about deducing proper fonts? | |
582 * 3.5.:: 3.5. Help! I can not get XEmacs to display on my Envizex X-terminal! | |
583 * 3.6.:: 3.6. Why do I get weird messages about giftoppm and ppmdither not being found? | |
584 * 3.7.:: 3.7. How can I avoid those messages about deleting excess backup files? | |
585 * 3.8.:: 3.8. Help! XEmacs just locked up my X server on my Linux box! | |
586 @end menu | |
587 | |
588 | |
589 @node 3.1. | |
590 @section 3.1. Help! XEmacs just crashed on me! | |
591 | |
592 First of all, don't panic. Whenever XEmacs crashes, it tries extremely | |
593 hard to auto-save all of your files before dying. (The main time that | |
594 this will not happen is if the machine physically lost power or if you | |
595 killed the XEmacs process using @samp{kill -9}.) The next time you | |
596 try to edit those files, you will be informed that a more recent | |
597 auto-save file exists. You can use @kbd{M-x recover-file} to retrieve | |
598 the auto-saved version of the file. | |
599 | |
600 Now, XEmacs is not perfect, and there may occasionally be times, or | |
601 particular sequences of actions, that cause it to crash. If you can | |
602 come up with a reproducible way of doing this (or even if you have a | |
603 pretty good memory of exactly what you were doing at the time), the | |
604 maintainers would be very interested in knowing about it. Post a | |
605 message to @samp{comp.emacs.xemacs} or send mail to | |
606 @samp{xemacs@@cs.uiuc.edu}. | |
607 | |
608 If at all possible, include a stack backtrace of the core dump that was | |
609 produced. This shows where exactly things went wrong, and makes it much | |
610 easier to diagnose problems. To do this, you need to locate the core | |
611 file (it's called @samp{core}, and is usually sitting in the directory | |
612 that you started XEmacs from, or your home directory if that other | |
613 directory was not writable). Then, go to that directory and execute a | |
614 command like | |
615 | |
616 @example | |
617 gdb `which xemacs` core | |
618 @end example | |
619 | |
620 and then issue the command @samp{where} to get the stack backtrace. | |
621 (You might have to use @samp{dbx} or some similar debugger in place | |
622 of @samp{gdb}. If you don't have any such debugger available, | |
623 complain to your system administrator.) | |
624 | |
625 It's possible that a core file didn't get produced, in which case | |
626 you're out of luck. Go complain to your system administrator and | |
627 tell him not to disable core files by default. (If you explicitly | |
628 disabled core files, then double shame on you!) | |
629 | |
630 | |
631 @node 3.2. | |
632 @section 3.2. When I try to use some particular option of some particular package, I get a cryptic error in the minibuffer. | |
633 | |
634 If you can't figure out what's going on, try typing @kbd{ESC ESC} and | |
635 issuing the command | |
636 | |
637 @example | |
638 (setq debug-on-error t) | |
639 @end example | |
640 | |
641 and then try and make the error happen again. This will give you a | |
642 backtrace that may be enlightening. If not, try reading farther down in | |
643 this FAQ; if that fails, you could try posting to | |
644 @samp{comp.emacs.xemacs} (making sure to include the backtrace) and | |
645 someone may be able to help. | |
646 | |
647 | |
648 @node 3.3. | |
649 @section 3.3. I get tons of translation table syntax error messages during startup. How do I get rid of them? | |
650 | |
651 There are two causes of this problem. The first usually only strikes | |
652 people using the prebuilt binaries. The culprit in both cases is the | |
653 file @file{XKeysymDB}. | |
654 @itemize @bullet | |
655 @item | |
656 The binary cannot find the XKeysymDB file. The location is hardcoded at | |
657 compile time so if the system the binary was built on puts it a | |
658 different place than your system does, you have problems. To fix, set | |
659 the environment variable @samp{XKEYSYMDB} to the location of the | |
660 XKeysymDB file on your system or to the location of the one included | |
661 with XEmacs which should be at: | |
662 | |
663 @example | |
664 <xemacs_root_directory>/lib/xemacs-19.13/etc/XKeysymDB | |
665 @end example | |
666 | |
667 @item | |
668 The binary is finding the XKeysymDB but it is out-of-date on your system | |
669 and does not contain the necessary lines. Either ask your system | |
670 administrator to replace it with the one which comes with XEmacs (which | |
671 is the stock R6 version and is backwards compatible) or set your | |
672 @samp{XKEYSYMDB} variable to the location of XEmacs's described above. | |
673 @end itemize | |
674 | |
675 | |
676 @node 3.4. | |
677 @section 3.4. How can I avoid the startup warnings about deducing proper fonts? | |
678 | |
679 This is highly dependent on your installation, but try with the | |
680 following font as your base font for XEmacs and see what it does: | |
681 | |
682 @example | |
683 -adobe-courier-medium-r-*-*-*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1 | |
684 @end example | |
685 | |
686 More precisely, do the following in your resource file: | |
687 | |
688 @example | |
689 Emacs.default.attributeFont: -adobe-courier-medium-r-*-*-*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1 | |
690 @end example | |
691 | |
692 | |
693 @node 3.5. | |
694 @section 3.5. Help! I can not get XEmacs to display on my Envizex X-terminal! | |
695 | |
696 Try setting the DISPLAY variable using the numeric IP address of the | |
697 host you are running XEmacs from. | |
698 | |
699 | |
700 @node 3.6. | |
701 @section 3.6. Why do I get weird messages about giftoppm and ppmdither not being found? | |
702 | |
703 Because they are not. You are probably trying to read some HTML files, | |
704 or using W3-mode as your Web client. To display inline pictures, this | |
705 requires the above programs (which can be found in the netpbm package or | |
706 its older version, pbmplus). The netpbm package can be found at | |
707 @ifinfo | |
708 @samp{ftp.x.org}, or any of its mirror sites. It can also be found at | |
709 @samp{ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs/aux}. | |
710 @end ifinfo | |
711 @ifhtml | |
712 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/utilities/">ftp.x.org:/contrib/utilities/</A> | |
713 . It can also be found at | |
714 <A HREF="ftp://ftp.cs.uiuc.edu/pub/xemacs/aux/">ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/xemacs/aux/</A> | |
715 @end ifhtml | |
716 | |
717 | |
718 @node 3.7. | |
719 @section 3.7. How can I avoid those messages about deleting excess backup files? | |
720 | |
721 | |
722 Try the following Emacs-Lisp: | |
723 | |
724 @example | |
725 (setq version-control t) | |
726 (setq kept-old-versions 0) | |
727 (setq kept-new-versions 8) | |
728 (if (string-match "XEmacs\\|Lucid" emacs-version) | |
729 (setq trim-versions-without-asking t) | |
730 (setq delete-old-versions t)) | |
731 @end example | |
732 | |
733 @node 3.8. | |
734 @section 3.8. Help! XEmacs just locked up my X server on my Linux box! | |
735 | |
736 There have been several reports of the X server locking up under Linux. | |
737 In all reported cases removing speedo and scaled fonts from the font | |
738 path corrected the problem. This can be done with the command 'xset'. | |
739 | |
740 It is possible that using a font server may also solve the problem. | |
741 | |
742 | |
743 | |
744 @node 4. Customization -- Emacs Lisp and the .emacs file, 5. Customization -- X resources, 3. Problems running XEmacs / weird messages, top | |
745 @chapter 4. Customization -- Emacs Lisp and the .emacs file | |
746 | |
747 @menu | |
748 * 4.1.:: 4.1. How can @file{.emacs} determine which of the family of emacsen I am using? | |
749 * 4.2.:: 4.2. How can I detect a color display? | |
750 * 4.3.:: 4.3. How can I evaluate emacs-lisp expressions without switching to the *scratch* buffer? | |
751 * 4.4.:: 4.4. If you put (setq tab-width 6) in your @file{.emacs} file it does not work! Is there a reason for this. If you do it at the EVAL prompt it works fine!! How strange. | |
752 * 4.5.:: 4.5. How can I add directories to the load-path? | |
753 * 4.6.:: 4.6. How to check if a lisp function is defined or not? | |
754 * 4.7.:: 4.7. Can I force the output of (list-faces) to a buffer other than the minibuffer since it is too wide to fit? | |
755 @end menu | |
756 | |
757 | |
758 @node 4.1. | |
759 @section 4.1. How can @file{.emacs} determine which of the family of Emacsen I am using? | |
760 | |
761 To determine if you are currently running GNU Emacs 18, GNU Emacs 19, | |
762 XEmacs 19, or Epoch, and use appropriate code, check out the example | |
763 given in @file{etc/sample.emacs}. There are other nifty things in there | |
764 as well! Alternatively, there is a package, @file{emacs-vers.el}, | |
765 available at an Emacs-Lisp archive near you; try searching | |
766 | |
767 @example | |
768 archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/ | |
769 @end example | |
770 | |
771 | |
772 @node 4.2. | |
773 @section 4.2. How can I detect a color display? | |
774 | |
775 You can test the return value of the function | |
776 @code{(device-class)}, as in: | |
777 | |
778 @example | |
779 (if (eq (device-class) 'color) | |
780 (progn | |
781 (set-face-foreground 'font-lock-comment-face "Grey") | |
782 (set-face-foreground 'font-lock-string-face "Red") | |
783 .... | |
784 )) | |
785 @end example | |
786 | |
787 | |
788 @node 4.3. | |
789 @section 4.3. How can I evaluate Emacs-Lisp expressions without switching to the *scratch* buffer? | |
790 | |
791 @example | |
792 (put 'eval-expression 'disabled nil) | |
793 @end example | |
794 | |
795 This sets it so that hitting @kbd{ESC ESC} lets you type a single | |
796 expression to be evaluated. This line can also be put into your | |
797 @file{.emacs}. | |
798 | |
799 | |
800 @node 4.4. | |
801 @section 4.4. If you put (setq tab-width 6) in your @file{.emacs} file it does not work! Is there a reason for this. If you do it at the EVAL prompt it works fine!! How strange. | |
802 | |
803 Use setq-default, since tab-width is all-buffer-local. | |
804 | |
805 | |
806 @node 4.5. | |
807 @section 4.5. How can I add directories to the load-path? | |
808 | |
809 Here are two ways to do that, one that puts your directories at the front of | |
810 the load-path, the other at the end: | |
811 | |
812 @example | |
813 ;;; Add things at the beginning of the load-path | |
814 (setq load-path (cons "bar" load-path)) | |
815 (setq load-path (cons "foo" load-path)) | |
816 | |
817 ;;; Add things at the end | |
818 (setq load-path (append load-path '("foo" "bar"))) | |
819 @end example | |
820 | |
821 | |
822 @node 4.6. | |
823 @section 4.6. How to check if a lisp function is defined or not? | |
824 | |
825 Use the following elisp: | |
826 | |
827 @example | |
828 (fboundp 'foo) | |
829 @end example | |
830 | |
831 It's always a mistake, under all circumstances, to test `emacs-version' or | |
832 any similar variables, in case they are not bound, unless you do the above. | |
833 | |
834 Instead, use feature-tests, such as featurep or boundp or fboundp, or | |
835 even simple behavioural tests, eg | |
836 (defvar foo-old-losing-code? (condition-case nil (progn (losing-code t) nil) | |
837 (wrong-number-of-arguments t))) | |
838 | |
839 There is an incredible amount of broken code out there which could | |
840 work much better more often in more places if it did the above instead | |
841 of trying to divine its environment from the value of one variable. | |
842 | |
843 | |
844 @node 4.7. | |
845 @section 4.7. Can I force the output of (face-list) to a buffer other than the minibuffer since it is too wide to fit? | |
846 | |
847 Evaluate the expression in the "*scratch*" buffer with point on the rightmost | |
848 paren and typing @kbd{C-j}. | |
849 | |
850 | |
851 | |
852 @node 5. Customization -- X resources, 6. Changing textual fonts and colors, 4. Customization -- Emacs Lisp and the .emacs file, top | |
853 @chapter 5. Customization -- X resources | |
854 | |
855 @menu | |
856 * 5.1.:: 5.1. Where is a list of X resources? | |
857 @end menu | |
858 | |
859 | |
860 @node 5.1. | |
861 @section 5.1. Where is a list of X resources? | |
862 | |
863 Search through the NEWS file for ``X Resources''. A fairly comprehensive list | |
864 is given after it. | |
865 | |
866 In addition, an app-defaults file is supplied, @file{etc/Emacs.ad}, | |
867 listing the defaults. The file @file{etc/sample.Xdefaults} gives a set | |
868 of defaults that you might consider. It is essentially the same as | |
869 @file{etc/Emacs.ad} but some entries are slightly altered. Be careful | |
870 about installing the contents of this file into your @file{.Xdefaults} | |
871 (.Xresources) file if you use FSF GNU Emacs under X11 as well. | |
872 | |
873 | |
874 | |
875 @node 6. Changing textual fonts and colors, 7. The modeline, 5. Customization -- X resources, top | |
876 @chapter 6. Changing textual fonts and colors | |
877 | |
878 @menu | |
879 * 6.1.:: 6.1. How do I set the text, menu and modeline fonts? | |
880 * 6.2.:: 6.2. How can I set the background/foreground colors when highlighting a region? | |
881 * 6.3.:: 6.3. How can I set the most commonly used color options from my @file{.emacs} instead of from my @file{.Xdefaults}? | |
882 @end menu | |
883 | |
884 | |
885 @node 6.1. | |
886 @section 6.1. How do I set the text, menu and modeline fonts? | |
887 | |
888 Note that you should use @samp{Emacs.} and not @samp{Emacs*} when | |
889 setting face values. | |
890 | |
891 In @file{.Xdefaults}: | |
892 | |
893 @example | |
894 Emacs.default.attributeFont: -*-*-medium-r-*-*-*-120-*-*-m-*-*-* | |
895 Emacs*menubar*font: fixed | |
896 Emacs.modeline.attributeFont: fixed | |
897 @end example | |
898 | |
899 This is confusing because modeline is a face, and can be found listed | |
900 with all faces in the current mode by using M-x set-face-font (enter) ?. | |
901 It uses the face specification of "attributeFont", while menubar is a | |
902 normal X thing that uses the specification "font". With Motif it may be | |
903 necessary to use "fontList" instead of "font". (Please rewrite this if | |
904 you understand this better than me ... A general description of faces | |
905 would be very useful. I am just saying that menubar is a FAQ because | |
906 it's not a face and not listed.) | |
907 | |
908 | |
909 @node 6.2. | |
910 @section 6.2. How can I set the background/foreground colors when highlighting a region? | |
911 | |
912 You can change the face `zmacs-region' either in your @file{.Xdefaults}: | |
913 | |
914 @example | |
915 Emacs.zmacs-region.attributeForeground: firebrick | |
916 Emacs.zmacs-region.attributeBackground: lightseagreen | |
917 @end example | |
918 | |
919 or in your @file{.emacs}: | |
920 | |
921 @example | |
922 (set-face-background 'zmacs-region "red") | |
923 (set-face-foreground 'zmacs-region "yellow") | |
924 @end example | |
925 | |
926 | |
927 @node 6.3. | |
928 @section 6.3. How can I set the most commonly used color options from my @file{.emacs} instead of from my @file{.Xdefaults}? | |
929 | |
930 @example | |
931 (set-face-background 'default "bisque") ; frame background | |
932 (set-face-foreground 'default "black") ; normal text | |
933 (set-face-background 'zmacs-region "red") ; When selecting w/ | |
934 ; mouse | |
935 (set-face-foreground 'zmacs-region "yellow") | |
936 (set-face-font 'default "*courier-bold-r*120-100-100*") | |
937 (set-face-background 'highlight "blue") ; Ie when selecting buffers | |
938 (set-face-foreground 'highlight "yellow") | |
939 (set-face-background 'modeline "blue") ; Line at bottom of buffer | |
940 (set-face-foreground 'modeline "white") | |
941 (set-face-font 'modeline "*bold-r-normal*140-100-100*") | |
942 (set-face-background 'isearch "yellow") ; When highlighting while | |
943 ; searching | |
944 (set-face-foreground 'isearch "red") | |
945 (setq x-pointer-foreground-color "black") ; Adds to bg color, | |
946 ; so keep black | |
947 (setq x-pointer-background-color "blue") ; This is color you really | |
948 @end example | |
949 ; want ptr/crsr | |
950 | |
951 | |
952 @node 7. The modeline, 8. The keyboard, 6. Changing textual fonts and colors, top | |
953 @chapter 7. The modeline | |
954 | |
955 @menu | |
956 * 7.1.:: 7.1. How can I make the modeline go away? | |
957 * 7.2.:: 7.2. How do you have XEmacs display the line number in the modeline? | |
958 * 7.3.:: 7.3. How do I get XEmacs to put the time of day on the modeline? | |
959 * 7.4.:: 7.4. How can one change the color of the modeline based on the mode used? i.e. red for C mode, green for TeX mode etc.? | |
960 @end menu | |
961 | |
962 | |
963 @node 7.1. | |
964 @section 7.1. How can I make the modeline go away? | |
965 | |
966 (set-specifier has-modeline-p nil) | |
967 | |
968 | |
969 @node 7.2. | |
970 @section 7.2. How do you have XEmacs display the line number in the modeline? | |
971 | |
972 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
973 | |
974 @example | |
975 (setq line-number-mode t) | |
976 @end example | |
977 | |
978 | |
979 @node 7.3. | |
980 @section 7.3. How do I get XEmacs to put the time of day on the modeline? | |
981 | |
982 @example | |
983 (display-time) | |
984 @end example | |
985 | |
986 | |
987 @node 7.4. | |
988 @section 7.4. How can one change the color of the modeline based on the mode used? i.e. red for C mode, green for TeX mode etc.? | |
989 | |
990 You can use something like the following: | |
991 | |
992 @example | |
993 (add-hook 'lisp-mode-hook | |
994 '(lambda () (set-face-background 'modeline "red" (current-buffer)) | |
995 (set-face-foreground 'modeline "yellow" (current-buffer)))) | |
996 @end example | |
997 | |
998 Then, when editing a Lisp file (ie went into Lisp mode), the modeline | |
999 colors change from the default set in your @file{.emacs}. The change | |
1000 will only be made in the buffer you just entered (which contains the | |
1001 Lisp file you are editing) and will not affect the modeline colors | |
1002 anywhere else. | |
1003 | |
1004 Notes: | |
1005 | |
1006 @itemize @bullet | |
1007 @item | |
1008 The hook is the mode name plus "-hook". Ie c-mode-hook, c++-mode-hook, | |
1009 emacs-lisp-mode-hook (ie your @file{.emacs} or a xx.el file), | |
1010 lisp-interaction-mode-hook (the *scratch* buffer), text-mode-hook, etc. | |
1011 @item | |
1012 Be sure to use add-hook, not (setq c-mode-hook xxxx), otherwise you will | |
1013 erase anything that anybody has already put on the hook. | |
1014 @item | |
1015 You can also do (set-face-font 'modeline @code{font}), eg (set-face-font | |
1016 'modeline "*bold-r-normal*140-100-100*" (current-buffer)) if you wish | |
1017 the modeline font to vary based on the current mode. | |
1018 @end itemize | |
1019 | |
1020 | |
1021 @node 8. The keyboard, 9. The cursor, 7. The modeline, top | |
1022 @chapter 8. The keyboard | |
1023 | |
1024 @menu | |
1025 * 8.1.:: 8.1. What is the difference in in key sequences between XEmacs and GNU Emacs? | |
1026 * 8.2.:: 8.2. How can I make XEmacs recognize the Alt key of my HP workstation as a Meta key? | |
1027 * 8.3.:: 8.3. How can I stop the down-arrow-key from adding empty lines at the bottom of my buffers? | |
1028 * 8.4.:: 8.4. I wonder if there is an interactive function that can generate "fake" keyboard events. This way, I could simply map them inside XEmacs. | |
1029 * 8.5.:: 8.5. I am trying to bind C-. to scroll up by one line and C-; to scroll down by one line... | |
1030 * 8.6.:: 8.6. I cannot manage to globally bind my @key{Delete} key to something other than the default. How does one do this? | |
1031 * 8.7.:: 8.7. How can I bind complex functions (or macros) to keys? | |
1032 * 8.8.:: 8.8. Can the cursor keys scroll the screen a line at a time, rather than the default half page jump? I tend it to find it disorienting. | |
1033 * 8.9.:: 8.9. How to map "Help" key alone on Sun type4 keyboard? | |
1034 * 8.10.:: 8.10. How can you type in special characters in XEmacs? | |
1035 @end menu | |
1036 | |
1037 | |
1038 @node 8.1. | |
1039 @section 8.1. What is the difference in in key sequences between XEmacs and GNU Emacs? | |
1040 | |
1041 The real question might be rephrased as "When should one use the quoted list, | |
1042 vector, or escaped string representations of key sequences?" Is there any | |
1043 particular advantage to one representation over another? | |
1044 | |
1045 From Richard Mlynarik <mly@@adoc.xerox.com>: | |
1046 | |
1047 @table @asis | |
1048 @item (meta a) | |
1049 is a convenience shorthand for the sequence @code{[(meta a)]}. | |
1050 @code{(global-set-key 'a 'foo)} means the same thing as | |
1051 @code{(global-set-key '[a] 'foo)}. It could be argued that allowing | |
1052 such a shorthand just leads to sloppiness and bugs, but it's there, and | |
1053 it isn't likely to go away. | |
1054 | |
1055 @item [(meta a)] | |
1056 is The Right Thing. It corresponds in a one-to-one way with the | |
1057 internal representation of key-sequences in keymaps. | |
1058 | |
1059 @item [Meta-a] | |
1060 is typical FSF Emacs 19 brain damage. As is usual, an existing, | |
1061 functional design is ignored (XEmacs) and an incompatible and | |
1062 technically worse kludge is used. | |
1063 | |
1064 @item "\ea" | |
1065 is compatible with Emacs 18, but suffers from ASCII Seven-Bit Brain | |
1066 Damage. I also find it harder to read. Use this if you're trying to | |
1067 write code which works in every Emacs, but be aware that you can not | |
1068 express all Possible key-sequences (@kbd{control-9}, @kbd{f1}, etc.) | |
1069 using this. | |
1070 | |
1071 @end table | |
1072 | |
1073 | |
1074 @node 8.2. | |
1075 @section 8.2. How can I make XEmacs recognize the Alt key of my HP workstation as a Meta key? | |
1076 | |
1077 Put the following line into a file and load it with xmodmap(1) before | |
1078 starting XEmacs: | |
1079 | |
1080 @example | |
1081 remove Mod1 = Mode_switch | |
1082 @end example | |
1083 | |
1084 | |
1085 @node 8.3. | |
1086 @section 8.3. How can I stop the down-arrow-key from adding empty lines at the bottom of my buffers? | |
1087 | |
1088 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1089 | |
1090 @example | |
1091 (setq next-line-add-newlines nil) | |
1092 @end example | |
1093 | |
1094 | |
1095 @node 8.4. | |
1096 @section 8.4. I wonder if there is an interactive function that can generate "fake" keyboard events. This way, I could simply map them inside XEmacs. | |
1097 | |
1098 This seems to work: | |
1099 @example | |
1100 (defun cg--generate-char-event (ch) | |
1101 "Generate an event, as if ch has been typed" | |
1102 (dispatch-event (character-to-event ch))) | |
1103 | |
1104 ;; Backspace and Delete stuff | |
1105 (global-set-key '(backspace) | |
1106 '(lambda () (interactive) (cg--generate-char-event 127))) | |
1107 (global-set-key '(unknown_keysym_0x4) | |
1108 '(lambda () (interactive) (cg--generate-char-event 4))) | |
1109 @end example | |
1110 | |
1111 | |
1112 @node 8.5. | |
1113 @section 8.5. I am trying to bind C-. to scroll up by one line and C-; to scroll down by one line... | |
1114 | |
1115 Add the following (Thanks to Richard Mlynarik <mly@@adoc.xerox.com> and | |
1116 Wayne Newberry <wayne@@zen.cac.stratus.com>) to @file{.emacs}: | |
1117 | |
1118 @example | |
1119 (defun scroll-up-one-line () | |
1120 (interactive) | |
1121 (scroll-up 1)) | |
1122 | |
1123 (defun scroll-down-one-line () | |
1124 (interactive) | |
1125 (scroll-down 1)) | |
1126 | |
1127 (global-set-key [(control ?.)] 'scroll-up-one-line) ; C-. | |
1128 (global-set-key [(control ?;)] 'scroll-down-one-line) ; C-; | |
1129 @end example | |
1130 | |
1131 The key point is that you can only bind simple functions to keys; you can not | |
1132 bind a key to a function that you're also passing arguments to. (See <A | |
1133 HREF="#ss8.7">8.7 How can I bind complex functions</A> for a better answer.) | |
1134 | |
1135 @c Fix the above HTML specifier reference | |
1136 | |
1137 @node 8.6. | |
1138 @section 8.6. I cannot manage to globally bind my @key{Delete} key to something other than the default. How does one do this? | |
1139 | |
1140 @example | |
1141 (defun Foo () | |
1142 (interactive) | |
1143 (message "You hit DELETE")) | |
1144 | |
1145 (global-set-key "\C-?" 'Foo) | |
1146 @end example | |
1147 | |
1148 However, some modes explicitly bind @key{Delete}, so you would need to | |
1149 add a hook that does @code{local-set-key} for them. | |
1150 | |
1151 | |
1152 @node 8.7. | |
1153 @section 8.7. How can I bind complex functions (or macros) to keys? | |
1154 | |
1155 As an example, say you want the PASTE key on a Sun keyboard to insert the | |
1156 current Primary X selection at point. You can accomplish this with: | |
1157 | |
1158 @example | |
1159 (define-key global-map 'f18 'x-insert-selection) | |
1160 @end example | |
1161 | |
1162 However, this only works if there is a current X selection (the | |
1163 selection will be highlighted). The functionality I like is for the | |
1164 PASTE key to insert the current X selection if there is one, otherwise | |
1165 insert the contents of the clipboard. To do this you need to pass | |
1166 arguments to x-insert-selection. This is done by wrapping the call in a | |
1167 'lambda form: | |
1168 | |
1169 @example | |
1170 (define-key global-map 'f18 | |
1171 (function (lambda () (interactive) (x-insert-selection t nil)))) | |
1172 @end example | |
1173 | |
1174 This binds the 'f18 key to a "generic" functional object. The interactive | |
1175 spec is required because only interactive functions can be bound to keys. | |
1176 Also take a look at the doc for "function". | |
1177 | |
1178 For the FAQ example you could use: | |
1179 | |
1180 @example | |
1181 (global-set-key [(control ?.)] | |
1182 (function (lambda () (interactive) (scroll-up 1)))) | |
1183 (global-set-key [(control ?;)] | |
1184 (function (lambda () (interactive) (scroll-up -1)))) | |
1185 @end example | |
1186 | |
1187 This is fine if you only need a few functions within the lambda body. If | |
1188 you're doing more it's cleaner to define a separate function as in the | |
1189 original FAQ example (<A HREF="#ss11.3">question 11.3</A>). | |
1190 | |
1191 @c Fix the above HTML specifier reference | |
1192 | |
1193 @node 8.8. | |
1194 @section 8.8. Can the cursor keys scroll the screen a line at a time, rather than the default half page jump? I tend it to find it disorienting. | |
1195 | |
1196 Try this: | |
1197 | |
1198 @example | |
1199 (defun scroll-one-line-up (&optional arg) | |
1200 "Scroll the selected window up (forward in the text) one line (or N lines)." | |
1201 (interactive "p") | |
1202 (scroll-up (or arg 1))) | |
1203 | |
1204 (defun scroll-one-line-down (&optional arg) | |
1205 "Scroll the selected window down (backward in the text) one line (or N)." | |
1206 (interactive "p") | |
1207 (scroll-down (or arg 1))) | |
1208 | |
1209 (global-set-key 'up 'scroll-one-line-up) | |
1210 (global-set-key 'down 'scroll-one-line-down) | |
1211 @end example | |
1212 | |
1213 The following will also work but will affect more than just the cursor | |
1214 keys (i.e. C-n and C-p): | |
1215 | |
1216 @example | |
1217 (setq scroll-step 1) | |
1218 @end example | |
1219 | |
1220 @node 8.9. | |
1221 @section 8.9. How to map "Help" key alone on Sun type4 keyboard? | |
1222 | |
1223 The following works in GNU Emacs 19: | |
1224 | |
1225 @example | |
1226 (global-set-key [help] 'help-command) ;; Help | |
1227 @end example | |
1228 | |
1229 The following works in XEmacs 19.13 with the addition of shift: | |
1230 | |
1231 @example | |
1232 (global-set-key [(shift help)] 'help-command) ;; Help | |
1233 @end example | |
1234 | |
1235 But it doesn't work alone. This is in the file @file{PROBLEMS} which | |
1236 should have come with your XEmacs installation: | |
1237 | |
1238 @emph{Emacs ignores the @key{help} key when running OLWM}. | |
1239 | |
1240 OLWM grabs the @key{help} key, and retransmits it to the appropriate | |
1241 client using XSendEvent. Allowing Emacs to react to synthetic events is | |
1242 a security hole, so this is turned off by default. You can enable it by | |
1243 setting the variable x-allow-sendevents to t. You can also cause fix | |
1244 this by telling OLWM to not grab the help key, with the null binding | |
1245 @samp{OpenWindows.KeyboardCommand.Help:}. | |
1246 | |
1247 | |
1248 @node 8.10. | |
1249 @section 8.10. How can you type in special characters in XEmacs? | |
1250 | |
1251 One way is to use the package @file{x-compose}. Then you can use sequences | |
1252 like @kbd{Compose " a} to get d (a-umlaut), etc. | |
1253 | |
1254 | |
1255 | |
1256 @node 9. The cursor, 10. The mouse; cutting and pasting, 8. The keyboard, top | |
1257 @chapter 9. The cursor | |
1258 | |
1259 @menu | |
1260 * 9.1.:: 9.1. Is there a way to make the bar cursor a little thicker than one-pixel thick since I lose it? | |
1261 * 9.2.:: 9.2. On the same subject -- is there a way to get back the old "block" cursor where the cursor covers the character in front of the point? | |
1262 @end menu | |
1263 | |
1264 | |
1265 @node 9.1. | |
1266 @section 9.1. Is there a way to make the bar cursor a little thicker than one-pixel thick since I lose it? | |
1267 | |
1268 For a 1 pixel bar cursor, use: | |
1269 | |
1270 @example | |
1271 (setq bar-cursor t) | |
1272 @end example | |
1273 | |
1274 For a 2 pixel bar cursor, use: | |
1275 | |
1276 @example | |
1277 (setq bar-cursor 'anything-else) | |
1278 @end example | |
1279 | |
1280 You can use a color to make it stand out better: | |
1281 | |
1282 @example | |
1283 Emacs*cursorColor: Red | |
1284 @end example | |
1285 | |
1286 | |
1287 @node 9.2. | |
1288 @section 9.2. On the same subject -- is there a way to get back the old "block" cursor where the cursor covers the character in front of the point? | |
1289 | |
1290 @example | |
1291 (setq bar-cursor nil) | |
1292 @end example | |
1293 | |
1294 | |
1295 | |
1296 @node 10. The mouse; cutting and pasting, 11. Highlighting, 9. The cursor, top | |
1297 @chapter 10. The mouse; cutting and pasting | |
1298 | |
1299 @menu | |
1300 * 10.1.:: 10.1. I keep hitting the middle mouse button by accident and getting stuff pasted into my buffer so how can I turn this off? | |
1301 * 10.2.:: 10.2. How do I set control/meta/etc modifiers on mouse buttons? | |
1302 * 10.3.:: 10.3. I do "^x ^b" to get a list of buffers and the entries get highlighted when I move the mouse over them but clicking the left mouse does not do anything. | |
1303 * 10.4.:: 10.4. How can I get a list of buffers to popup when I hit button 3 on the mouse? | |
1304 * 10.5.:: 10.5. Why does cut-and-paste not work between XEmacs and a cmdtool? | |
1305 * 10.6.:: 10.6. How I can set XEmacs up so that it pastes where the cursor is _not_ where the pointer lies? | |
1306 * 10.7.:: 10.7. How do I select a rectangular region? | |
1307 * 10.8.:: 10.8. Why does M-w take so long? | |
1308 @end menu | |
1309 | |
1310 | |
1311 @node 10.1. | |
1312 @section 10.1. I keep hitting the middle mouse button by accident and getting stuff pasted into my buffer so how can I turn this off? | |
1313 | |
1314 Here is an alternative binding, whereby the middle mouse button selects (but | |
1315 does not cut) the expression under the mouse. Clicking middle on a left or | |
1316 right paren will select to the matching one. Note that you can use | |
1317 @code{define-key} or @code{global-set-key}. | |
1318 | |
1319 @example | |
1320 (defun Mouse-Set-Point-and-Select (event) | |
1321 "Sets the point at the mouse location, then marks following form" | |
1322 (interactive "@@e") | |
1323 (mouse-set-point event) | |
1324 (mark-sexp 1) | |
1325 ) | |
1326 (define-key global-map 'button2 'Mouse-Set-Point-and-Select) | |
1327 @end example | |
1328 | |
1329 @c Get this fixed | |
1330 (Editor's Note -- there is a problem with texinfo/text/html conversion, so | |
1331 the double at-sign should only be a single, above. I'll fix it one of these | |
1332 days -- AJR) | |
1333 | |
1334 | |
1335 @node 10.2. | |
1336 @section 10.2. How do I set control/meta/etc modifiers on mouse buttons? | |
1337 | |
1338 Use, for instance, @code{[(meta button1)]}. For example, here is a | |
1339 common setting for Common Lisp programmers who use the bundled ilisp | |
1340 package, whereby meta-button1 on a function name will find the file | |
1341 where the function name was defined, and put you at that location in | |
1342 the source file. | |
1343 | |
1344 [Inside a function that gets called by the lisp-mode-hook and ilisp-mode-hook] | |
1345 @example | |
1346 (local-set-key [(meta button1)] 'edit-definitions-lisp) | |
1347 @end example | |
1348 | |
1349 | |
1350 @node 10.3. | |
1351 @section 10.3. I do "^x ^b" to get a list of buffers and the entries get highlighted when I move the mouse over them but clicking the left mouse does not do anything. | |
1352 | |
1353 Use the middle mouse button. | |
1354 | |
1355 | |
1356 @node 10.4. | |
1357 @section 10.4. How can I get a list of buffers to popup when I hit button 3 on the mouse? | |
1358 | |
1359 The following code will actually replace the default popup on button3: | |
1360 | |
1361 @example | |
1362 (defun cw-build-buffers () | |
1363 "Popup buffer menu." | |
1364 (interactive "@@") | |
1365 (run-hooks 'activate-menubar-hook) | |
1366 (popup-menu (car (find-menu-item current-menubar '("Buffers"))))) | |
1367 | |
1368 (define-key global-map [(button3)] 'cw-build-buffers) | |
1369 @end example | |
1370 | |
1371 @c Get this fixed | |
1372 | |
1373 (Editor's Note -- there is a problem with texinfo/text/html conversion, so | |
1374 the double at-sign should only be a single, above. I'll fix it one of these | |
1375 days -- AJR) | |
1376 | |
1377 | |
1378 @node 10.5. | |
1379 @section 10.5. Why does cut-and-paste not work between XEmacs and a cmdtool? | |
1380 | |
1381 We don't know. It's a bug. There does seem to be a work-around, | |
1382 however. Try running xclipboard first. It appears to fix the problem | |
1383 even if you exit it. (This should be mostly fixed in 19.13, but we | |
1384 haven't yet verified that). | |
1385 | |
1386 | |
1387 @node 10.6. | |
1388 @section 10.6. How I can set XEmacs up so that it pastes where the cursor is _not_ where the pointer lies? | |
1389 | |
1390 | |
1391 Try adding the following to your @file{.emacs}: | |
1392 | |
1393 @example | |
1394 (define-key global-map 'button2 'x-insert-selection) | |
1395 @end example | |
1396 | |
1397 This comes from the @file{sample.emacs} file in @file{etc/}, which has | |
1398 lots of goodies. | |
1399 | |
1400 | |
1401 @node 10.7. | |
1402 @section 10.7. How do I select a rectangular region? | |
1403 | |
1404 | |
1405 Just select the region normally, then use the rectangle commands (e.g. | |
1406 @code{kill-rectangle}) on it. The region does not highlight as a | |
1407 rectangle, but the commands work just fine. | |
1408 | |
1409 To actually sweep out rectangular regions with the mouse do the | |
1410 following: | |
1411 | |
1412 @example | |
1413 (setq mouse-track-rectangle-p t) | |
1414 @end example | |
1415 | |
1416 | |
1417 @node 10.8. | |
1418 @section 10.8. Why does M-w take so long? | |
1419 | |
1420 It actually doesn't. It leaves the region visible for a second so that | |
1421 you can see what area is being yanked. If you start working, though, it | |
1422 will immediately complete its operation. In other words, it will only | |
1423 delay for a second if you let it. | |
1424 | |
1425 | |
1426 @node 11. Highlighting, 12. The menubar and toolbar, 10. The mouse; cutting and pasting, top | |
1427 @chapter 11. Highlighting | |
1428 | |
1429 @menu | |
1430 * 11.1.:: 11.1. How can I highlight selections? | |
1431 * 11.2.:: 11.2. How do I get a pending-delete type of behavior? | |
1432 * 11.3.:: 11.3. I do not like my text highlighted while I am doing isearch as I am not able to see whats underneath. How do I turn it off? | |
1433 * 11.4.:: 11.4. The text gets highlighted when I do C-x C-p (mark-page). Is there a way to turn this feature off? | |
1434 @end menu | |
1435 | |
1436 | |
1437 @node 11.1. | |
1438 @section 11.1. How can I highlight selections? | |
1439 | |
1440 Use zmacs mode. This mode allows for what some might call gratuitous | |
1441 highlighting for selected regions (either by setting mark or by using the | |
1442 mouse). To use, add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1443 | |
1444 @example | |
1445 (setq zmacs-regions t) | |
1446 @end example | |
1447 | |
1448 This is the default behavior. | |
1449 | |
1450 | |
1451 @node 11.2. | |
1452 @section 11.2. How do I get a pending-delete type of behavior? | |
1453 | |
1454 @dfn{Pending delete} is what happens when you select a region (with the | |
1455 mouse or keyboard) and you press a key to replace the selected region by | |
1456 the key you typed. Usually backspace kills the selected region. | |
1457 | |
1458 To get this behavior, add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1459 | |
1460 @example | |
1461 (require 'pending-del) | |
1462 @end example | |
1463 | |
1464 | |
1465 @node 11.3. | |
1466 @section 11.3. I do not like my text highlighted while I am doing isearch as I am not able to see whats underneath. How do I turn it off? | |
1467 | |
1468 @example | |
1469 (setq isearch-highlight nil) | |
1470 @end example | |
1471 | |
1472 Note also that isearch-highlight affects query-replace and ispell. Instead | |
1473 of disabling isearch-highlight you may find that a better solution consists | |
1474 of customizing the 'isearch' face. | |
1475 | |
1476 | |
1477 @node 11.4. | |
1478 @section 11.4. The text gets highlighted when I do C-x C-p (mark-page). Is there a way to turn this feature off? | |
1479 | |
1480 @example | |
1481 (setq zmacs-regions nil) | |
1482 @end example | |
1483 | |
1484 | |
1485 | |
1486 @node 12. The menubar and toolbar, 13. Scrollbars, 11. Highlighting, top | |
1487 @chapter 12. The menubar and toolbar | |
1488 | |
1489 @menu | |
1490 * 12.1.:: 12.1. How do I get rid of the menu (or menubar) ? | |
1491 * 12.2.:: 12.2. Can I customize the basic menubar? | |
1492 * 12.3.:: 12.3. What controls how many buffers are listed in the menu "Buffers" list? | |
1493 * 12.4.:: 12.4. I am trying to use a resource like @code{Emacs*menubar*font} to set the font of the menubar but it's not working. | |
1494 | |
1495 @end menu | |
1496 | |
1497 | |
1498 @node 12.1. | |
1499 @section 12.1. How do I get rid of the menu (or menubar) ? | |
1500 | |
1501 Answer: To get rid of the menubar, add to @file{.emacs}: | |
1502 | |
1503 @example | |
1504 (set-menubar nil) | |
1505 @end example | |
1506 | |
1507 | |
1508 @node 12.2. | |
1509 @section 12.2. Can I customize the basic menubar? | |
1510 | |
1511 For an extensive menubar, add the line | |
1512 | |
1513 @example | |
1514 (load "big-menubar") | |
1515 @end example | |
1516 | |
1517 to your @file{.emacs} file. If you'd like to write your own, this file | |
1518 provides a good set of examples to start from: | |
1519 | |
1520 @example | |
1521 lisp/packages/big-menubar.el | |
1522 @end example | |
1523 | |
1524 (starting from your system XEmacs installation directory). | |
1525 | |
1526 | |
1527 @node 12.3. | |
1528 @section 12.3. What controls how many buffers are listed in the menu "Buffers" list? | |
1529 | |
1530 Add the following to your @file{.emacs}, modified as needed: | |
1531 | |
1532 @example | |
1533 (setq buffers-menu-max-size 20) | |
1534 @end example | |
1535 | |
1536 If you do not want a limit, try | |
1537 | |
1538 @example | |
1539 (setq buffers-menu-max-size nil) | |
1540 @end example | |
1541 | |
1542 | |
1543 @node 12.4. | |
1544 @section 12.4. I am trying to use a resource like @code{Emacs*menubar*font} to set the font of the menubar but it's not working. | |
1545 | |
1546 If you are using the real Motif menubar, this resource is not recognized; | |
1547 you have to say | |
1548 | |
1549 @example | |
1550 Emacs*menubar*fontList: FONT | |
1551 @end example | |
1552 | |
1553 If you are using the Lucid menubar, the former resource will be recognized | |
1554 only if the latter resource is unset. This means that the resource | |
1555 | |
1556 @example | |
1557 *fontList: FONT | |
1558 @end example | |
1559 | |
1560 will override | |
1561 | |
1562 @example | |
1563 Emacs*menubar*font: FONT | |
1564 @end example | |
1565 | |
1566 even though the latter is more specific. | |
1567 | |
1568 | |
1569 @node 13. Scrollbars, 14. Frame Geometry, 12. The menubar and toolbar, top | |
1570 @chapter 13. Scrollbars | |
1571 | |
1572 @menu | |
1573 * 13.1.:: 13.1. How can I disable the scrollbar? | |
1574 * 13.2.:: 13.2. How can one use resources to change scrollbar colors? | |
1575 * 13.3.:: 13.3. When I move the scrollbar in an XEmacs window, it moves the point as well, which should not be the default behavior. Is this a bug or a feature? Can I disable it? | |
1576 @end menu | |
1577 | |
1578 | |
1579 @node 13.1. | |
1580 @section 13.1. How can I disable the scrollbar? | |
1581 | |
1582 To turn disable them for all frames, add the following line to | |
1583 your @file{.Xdefaults}: | |
1584 | |
1585 @example | |
1586 Emacs.scrollBarWidth: 0 | |
1587 @end example | |
1588 | |
1589 To turn the scrollbar off on a per-frame basis, use the following function: | |
1590 | |
1591 @example | |
1592 (set-specifier scrollbar-width (cons (selected-frame) 0)) | |
1593 @end example | |
1594 | |
1595 You can actually turn the scrollbars on at any level you want by | |
1596 substituting for (selected-frame) in the above command. For example, to | |
1597 turn the scrollbars off only in a single buffer: | |
1598 | |
1599 @example | |
1600 (set-specifier scrollbar-width (cons (current-buffer) 0)) | |
1601 @end example | |
1602 | |
1603 | |
1604 @node 13.2. | |
1605 @section 13.2. How can one use resources to change scrollbar colors? | |
1606 | |
1607 Here's a recap of how to use resources to change your scrollbar colors: | |
1608 | |
1609 @example | |
1610 ! Motif scrollbars | |
1611 | |
1612 Emacs*XmScrollBar.Background: skyblue | |
1613 Emacs*XmScrollBar.troughColor: lightgray | |
1614 | |
1615 ! Athena scrollbars | |
1616 | |
1617 Emacs*Scrollbar.Foreground: skyblue | |
1618 Emacs*Scrollbar.Background: lightgray | |
1619 @end example | |
1620 | |
1621 Note the capitalization of @samp{Scrollbar} for the Athena widget. | |
1622 | |
1623 | |
1624 @node 13.3. | |
1625 @section 13.3. When I move the scrollbar in an XEmacs window, it moves the point as well, which should not be the default behavior. Is this a bug or a feature? Can I disable it? | |
1626 | |
1627 The current behavior is a feature, not a bug. Point remains at the same | |
1628 buffer position as long as that position does not scroll off the screen. In | |
1629 that event, point will end up in either the upper-left or lower-left hand | |
1630 corner. | |
1631 | |
1632 | |
1633 | |
1634 @node 14. Frame Geometry, 15. Window/icon title; window manager problems, 13. Scrollbars, top | |
1635 @chapter 14. Frame Geometry | |
1636 | |
1637 @menu | |
1638 * 14.1.:: 14.1. In Lucid Emacs 19.6 I did @code{(set-screen-width @var{characters})} and @code{(set-screen-height @var{lines})} in my @file{.emacs} instead of specifying @samp{Emacs*EmacsScreen.geometry} in my @file{.Xdefaults} but this does not work in XEmacs 19.13. | |
1639 * 14.2.:: 14.2. In XEmacs 19.11 I specified @samp{Emacs*EmacsScreen.geometry} in my @file{.emacs} but this does not work in XEmacs 19.13. | |
1640 @end menu | |
1641 | |
1642 | |
1643 @node 14.1. | |
1644 @section 14.1. In Lucid Emacs 19.6 I did @code{(set-screen-width @var{characters})} and @code{(set-screen-height @var{lines})} in my @file{.emacs} instead of specifying @samp{Emacs*EmacsScreen.geometry} in my @file{.Xdefaults} but this does not work in XEmacs 19.13. | |
1645 | |
1646 These two functions now take frame arguments: | |
1647 | |
1648 @example | |
1649 (set-frame-width (selected-frame) @var{characters}) | |
1650 (set-frame-height (selected-frame) @var{lines}) | |
1651 @end example | |
1652 | |
1653 @node 14.2. | |
1654 @section 14.2. In XEmacs 19.11 I specified @samp{Emacs*EmacsScreen.geometry} in my @file{.emacs} but this does not work in XEmacs 19.13. | |
1655 | |
1656 We have switched from using the term 'screen' to using the term 'frame'. | |
1657 The correct entry for your @file{.Xdefaults} is now: | |
1658 | |
1659 @example | |
1660 Emacs*EmacsFrame.geometry | |
1661 @end example | |
1662 | |
1663 | |
1664 @node 15. Window/icon title; window manager problems, 16. Editing source code (C mode; Lisp mode; etc.), 14. Frame Geometry, top | |
1665 @chapter 15. Window/icon title; window manager problems | |
1666 | |
1667 @menu | |
1668 * 15.1.:: 15.1. How can I get the icon to just say @samp{XEmacs} and not include the name of the current file in it? | |
1669 * 15.2.:: 15.2. How can I have the window title area display the full directory/name of the current buffer file and not just the name? | |
1670 * 15.3.:: 15.3. When I run @samp{xterm -name junk} I get an xterm whose class name according to xprop, is @samp{junk}. This is the way it's supposed to work, I think. When I run @samp{xemacs -name junk} the class name is not set to @samp{junk}. It's still @samp{emacs}. What does @samp{xemacs -name} really do? The reason I ask is that my window manager (fvwm) will make a window sticky and I use XEmacs to read my mail. I want that XEmacs window to be sticky, without having to use the window manager's function to set the window sticky. What gives? | |
1671 @end menu | |
1672 | |
1673 | |
1674 @node 15.1. | |
1675 @section 15.1. How can I get the icon to just say @samp{XEmacs} and not include the name of the current file in it? | |
1676 | |
1677 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1678 | |
1679 @example | |
1680 (setq frame-icon-title-format "XEmacs") | |
1681 @end example | |
1682 | |
1683 | |
1684 @node 15.2. | |
1685 @section 15.2. How can I have the window title area display the full directory/name of the current buffer file and not just the name? | |
1686 | |
1687 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1688 | |
1689 @example | |
1690 (setq frame-title-format "%S: %f") | |
1691 @end example | |
1692 A more sophisticated title might be: | |
1693 | |
1694 @example | |
1695 (setq frame-title-format | |
1696 '("%S: " (buffer-file-name "%f" (dired-directory dired-directory "%b")))) | |
1697 @end example | |
1698 | |
1699 That is, use the file name, or the dired-directory, or the buffer name. | |
1700 | |
1701 | |
1702 @node 15.3. | |
1703 @section 15.3. When I run @samp{xterm -name junk} I get an xterm whose class name according to xprop, is @samp{junk}. This is the way it's supposed to work, I think. When I run @samp{xemacs -name junk} the class name is not set to @samp{junk}. It's still @samp{emacs}. What does @samp{xemacs -name} really do? The reason I ask is that my window manager (fvwm) will make a window sticky and I use XEmacs to read my mail. I want that XEmacs window to be sticky, without having to use the window manager's function to set the window sticky. What gives? | |
1704 | |
1705 @samp{xemacs -name} sets the application-name for the program (that is, | |
1706 the thing which normally comes from @code{argv[0]}.) Using @samp{-name} | |
1707 is the same as making a copy of the executable with that new name. The | |
1708 WM_CLASS property on each frame is set to the frame-name, and the | |
1709 application-class. So, if you did @samp{xemacs -name FOO} and then | |
1710 created a frame named @samp{BAR}, you'd get an X window with WM_CLASS = | |
1711 @samp{( "BAR", "Emacs")}. However, the resource hierarchy for this | |
1712 widget would be | |
1713 | |
1714 @example | |
1715 Name: FOO .shell. .pane .BAR | |
1716 Class: Emacs.TopLevelShell.XmMainWindow.EmacsFrame | |
1717 @end example | |
1718 | |
1719 instead of the default | |
1720 | |
1721 @example | |
1722 Name: xemacs.shell. .pane .emacs | |
1723 Class: Emacs .TopLevelShell.XmMainWindow.EmacsFrame | |
1724 @end example | |
1725 | |
1726 It is arguable that the first element of WM_CLASS should be set to the | |
1727 application-name instead of the frame-name, but I think that's less | |
1728 flexible, since it does not give you the ability to have multiple | |
1729 frames with different WM_CLASS properties. Another possibility would | |
1730 be for the default frame name to come from the application name instead | |
1731 of simply being @samp{emacs}. However, at this point, making that | |
1732 change would be troublesome: it would mean that many users would have to | |
1733 make yet another change to their resource files (since the default | |
1734 frame name would suddenly change from @samp{emacs} to @samp{xemacs}, or | |
1735 whatever the executable happened to be named), so we'd rather avoid it. | |
1736 | |
1737 To make a frame with a particular name use: | |
1738 | |
1739 @example | |
1740 (make-frame '((name . "the-name"))) | |
1741 @end example | |
1742 | |
1743 | |
1744 | |
1745 @node 16. Editing source code (C mode; Lisp mode; etc.), 17. Text mode, 15. Window/icon title; window manager problems, top | |
1746 @chapter 16. Editing source code (C mode; Lisp mode; etc.) | |
1747 | |
1748 @menu | |
1749 * 16.1.:: 16.1. How can I do source code highlighting using font-lock? | |
1750 * 16.2.:: 16.2. How do you arrange it so that XEmacs indents all the clauses of a Common Lisp @code{if} the same amount instead of indenting the 3rd clause differently from the first two? | |
1751 * 16.3.:: 16.3. I do not like cc-mode. How do I use the old c-mode? | |
1752 * 16.4.:: 16.4. When I try to edit a postscript file it gets stuck saying: fontifying 'filename' (regexps....) and it just sits there. If I press ctrl-c in the window where XEmacs was started, it suddenly becomes alive again. | |
1753 * 16.5.:: 16.5. Does anyone know how to get the "More" Syntax Highlighting on by default? | |
1754 @end menu | |
1755 | |
1756 | |
1757 @node 16.1. | |
1758 @section 16.1. How can I do source code highlighting using font-lock? | |
1759 | |
1760 For most modes, font-lock is already set up and just needs to be turned | |
1761 on. This can be done by | |
1762 | |
1763 @example | |
1764 M-x font-lock-mode | |
1765 @end example | |
1766 | |
1767 or by having XEmacs automatically start it by adding lines like | |
1768 | |
1769 @example | |
1770 (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) | |
1771 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) | |
1772 @end example | |
1773 | |
1774 to your @file{.emacs}. See the file @code{etc/sample.emacs} for more | |
1775 examples. | |
1776 | |
1777 | |
1778 @node 16.2. | |
1779 @section 16.2. How do you arrange it so that XEmacs indents all the clauses of a Common Lisp @code{if} the same amount instead of indenting the 3rd clause differently from the first two? | |
1780 | |
1781 One way is to add, to @file{.emacs}: | |
1782 | |
1783 @example | |
1784 (put 'if 'lisp-indent-function nil) | |
1785 @end example | |
1786 | |
1787 However, note that the package @file{cl-indent.el} that comes with | |
1788 XEmacs sets up this kind of indentation by default. @file{cl-indent} also | |
1789 knows about many other CL-specific forms. To use @file{cl-indent}, one can | |
1790 do this: | |
1791 | |
1792 @example | |
1793 (load "cl-indent") | |
1794 (setq lisp-indent-function (function common-lisp-indent-function)) | |
1795 @end example | |
1796 | |
1797 One can also customize @file{cl-indent.el} so it mimics the default @samp{if} | |
1798 indentation (@samp{then} indented more than the @samp{else}). Here's | |
1799 how: | |
1800 | |
1801 @example | |
1802 (put 'if 'common-lisp-indent-function '(nil nil &body)) | |
1803 @end example | |
1804 | |
1805 Also, a new version (1.2) of @file{cl-indent.el} was posted to | |
1806 @samp{comp.emacs.xemacs} on 12/9/94. This version includes more | |
1807 documentation than previous versions. This may prove useful if you | |
1808 need to customize any indent-functions. The post can be retrieved by | |
1809 searching the XEmacs mail archives. | |
1810 | |
1811 | |
1812 @node 16.3. | |
1813 @section 16.3. I do not like cc-mode. How do I use the old c-mode? | |
1814 | |
1815 Well, first off, consider if you really want to do this. cc-mode is | |
1816 much more powerful than the old c-mode. But if you still insist, add | |
1817 the following lines to your @file{.emacs}: | |
1818 | |
1819 @example | |
1820 (fmakunbound 'c-mode) | |
1821 (makunbound 'c-mode-map) | |
1822 (fmakunbound 'c++-mode) | |
1823 (makunbound 'c++-mode-map) | |
1824 (makunbound 'c-style-alist) | |
1825 (load-library "old-c-mode") | |
1826 (load-library "old-c++-mode") | |
1827 @end example | |
1828 | |
1829 This must be done before any other reference is made to either c-mode | |
1830 or c++-mode. | |
1831 | |
1832 | |
1833 @node 16.4. | |
1834 @section 16.4. When I try to edit a postscript file it gets stuck saying: fontifying 'filename' (regexps....) and it just sits there. If I press ctrl-c in the window where XEmacs was started, it suddenly becomes alive again. | |
1835 | |
1836 This was caused by a bug in the Postscript font-lock regular | |
1837 expressions. It should be fixed in 19.13. For earlier versions of | |
1838 XEmacs, have a look at your @file{.emacs} file. You will probably have | |
1839 a line like: | |
1840 | |
1841 @example | |
1842 (add-hook 'postscript-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) | |
1843 @end example | |
1844 | |
1845 Take it out, restart XEmacs, and it won't try to fontify your | |
1846 postscript files anymore. | |
1847 | |
1848 | |
1849 @node 16.5. | |
1850 @section 16.5. Does anyone know how to get the "More" Syntax Highlighting on by default? | |
1851 | |
1852 For C, C++, and Lisp, you can try adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1853 | |
1854 @example | |
1855 (setq c-font-lock-keywords c-font-lock-keywords-2) | |
1856 (setq c++-font-lock-keywords c++-font-lock-keywords-2) | |
1857 (setq lisp-font-lock-keywords lisp-font-lock-keywords-2) | |
1858 @end example | |
1859 | |
1860 | |
1861 | |
1862 @node 17. Text mode, 18. Shell mode, 16. Editing source code (C mode; Lisp mode; etc.), top | |
1863 @chapter 17. Text mode | |
1864 | |
1865 @menu | |
1866 * 17.1.:: 17.1. How can I enable auto-indent? | |
1867 * 17.2.:: 17.2. How can I get XEmacs to come up in text mode (auto-fill) by default? | |
1868 @end menu | |
1869 | |
1870 | |
1871 @node 17.1. | |
1872 @section 17.1. How can I enable auto-indent? | |
1873 | |
1874 Put the following line in your @file{.emacs}. | |
1875 | |
1876 @example | |
1877 (setq indent-line-function 'indent-relative-maybe) | |
1878 @end example | |
1879 | |
1880 If you want to get fancy, try @file{filladapt} and @file{fa-extras}, | |
1881 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive at Ohio State University. | |
1882 @ifinfo | |
1883 Get them at URL: | |
1884 | |
1885 @example | |
1886 ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages | |
1887 @end example | |
1888 @end ifinfo | |
1889 @ifhtml | |
1890 Get them at | |
1891 <A HREF="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/">ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/</A> | |
1892 @end ifhtml | |
1893 | |
1894 | |
1895 @node 17.2. | |
1896 @section 17.2. How can I get XEmacs to come up in text mode (auto-fill) by default? | |
1897 | |
1898 Try the following lisp in your @file{.emacs} file | |
1899 | |
1900 @example | |
1901 (setq default-major-mode 'text-mode) | |
1902 (setq text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) | |
1903 @end example | |
1904 | |
1905 WARNING: note that changing default-major-mode from fundamental-mode can | |
1906 break a large amount of built-in code that expects newly created buffers to | |
1907 be in fundamental-mode. (Changing from fundamental-mode to auto-fill | |
1908 text-mode might not wreak too much havoc, but changing to something more | |
1909 exotic like a lisp-mode would break many Emacs packages. | |
1910 | |
1911 Note that Emacs defaultly starts up in buffer *scratch* in | |
1912 initial-major-mode, which defaults to lisp-interaction-mode. Thus | |
1913 adding the following form to your Emacs init file will cause the | |
1914 initial *scratch* buffer to be put into auto-fill'ed text-mode. | |
1915 | |
1916 @example | |
1917 (setq initial-major-mode | |
1918 (function (lambda () | |
1919 (text-mode) | |
1920 (turn-on-auto-fill)))) | |
1921 @end example | |
1922 | |
1923 Note that after your init file is loaded, if inhibit-startup-message | |
1924 is null (the default) and the startup buffer is *scratch* then the | |
1925 startup message will be inserted into *scratch*; it will be removed | |
1926 after a timeout by erasing the entire *scratch* buffer. Keep in mind | |
1927 this default usage of *scratch* if you desire any prior manipulation | |
1928 of *scratch* from within your Emacs init file. In particular, anything | |
1929 you insert into *scratch* from your init file will be later erased. | |
1930 Also, if you change the mode of *scratch* be sure that this will | |
1931 not interfere with possible later insertion of the startup message | |
1932 (e.g. if you put *scratch* into a nonstandard mode that has automatic | |
1933 font lock rules, then the startup message might get fontified in | |
1934 a strange foreign manner, e.g. as code in some programming language). | |
1935 | |
1936 | |
1937 | |
1938 @node 18. Shell mode, 19. Mail; VM; GNUS; BBDB; and related, 17. Text mode, top | |
1939 @chapter 18. Shell mode | |
1940 | |
1941 @menu | |
1942 * 18.1.:: 18.1. How do I start up a second shell buffer? | |
1943 * 18.2.:: 18.2. I'm using the Emacs @kbd{M-x shell} function, and I would like to invoke and use a telnet session within it. Everything works fine except that now all ^M's are filtered out by Emacs. Fixes? | |
1944 * 18.3.:: 18.3. If I type a very long command line (like a compile command) into a shell buffer, the output seems to be messed up. | |
1945 @end menu | |
1946 | |
1947 | |
1948 @node 18.1. | |
1949 @section 18.1. How do I start up a second shell buffer? | |
1950 | |
1951 In the *shell* buffer: | |
1952 | |
1953 @example | |
1954 M-x rename-buffer RET *shell-1* RET | |
1955 M-x shell RET | |
1956 @end example | |
1957 | |
1958 This will then start a second shell. The key is that no buffer named | |
1959 *shell* can exist. It might be preferable to use @kbd{M-x | |
1960 rename-uniquely} to rename the *shell* buffer instead of @kbd{M-x | |
1961 rename-buffer}. | |
1962 | |
1963 | |
1964 @node 18.2. | |
1965 @section 18.2. I'm using the Emacs @kbd{M-x shell} function, and I would like to invoke and use a telnet session within it. Everything works fine except that now all ^M's are filtered out by Emacs. Fixes? | |
1966 | |
1967 Use @kbd{M-x rsh} or @kbd{M-x telnet} to open remote sessions rather | |
1968 than doing rsh or telnet within the local shell buffer. | |
1969 | |
1970 | |
1971 @node 18.3. | |
1972 @section 18.3. If I type a very long command line (like a compile command) into a shell buffer, the output seems to be messed up. | |
1973 | |
1974 If you see lots of ^G's in the buffer, you're using an old version of | |
1975 XEmacs. If the command line seems to be delayed or split into pieces, | |
1976 you are probably using csh with the @samp{filec} variable set. To fix | |
1977 this, add the following line to your @file{.cshrc}, after @samp{filec} is set: | |
1978 | |
1979 @example | |
1980 if ( "$TERM" == emacs || "$TERM" == unknown ) unset filec | |
1981 @end example | |
1982 | |
1983 @node 19. Mail; VM; GNUS; BBDB; and related, 20. Printing, 18. Shell mode, top | |
1984 @chapter 19. Mail; VM; GNUS; BBDB; and related | |
1985 | |
1986 @menu | |
1987 * 19.1.:: 19.1. How and where I am suppose to set the face attributes for customizing the appearance of messages (i.e. for VM)? | |
1988 * 19.2.:: 19.2. I seem to have heard that there's a package distributed with XEmacs which will use the echo area to notify you of incoming mail in a rather configurable way (multiple spool files, different actions for different files). What and where is it? | |
1989 * 19.3.:: 19.3. Is there any way to add more faces and regexps to GNUS without hacking gnus.el? | |
1990 * 19.4.:: 19.4. What is BBDB? | |
1991 * 19.5.:: 19.5. I noticed that BBDB evokes an XEmacs bug; is there a fix? | |
1992 * 19.6.:: 19.6. I'm getting the error 'Wrong type argument: listp :-pos' when I try to start BBDB. What do I do? | |
1993 * 19.7.:: 19.7. I'm getting the error 'movemail: Permission denied' when I try and start VM. What do I do? | |
1994 @end menu | |
1995 | |
1996 | |
1997 @node 19.1. | |
1998 @section 19.1. How and where I am suppose to set the face attributes for customizing the appearance of messages (i.e. for VM)? | |
1999 | |
2000 Suppose you want to use: | |
2001 | |
2002 @example | |
2003 (set-face-font 'message-highlighted-header-contents | |
2004 "-adobe-courier-bold-r-normal--12*") | |
2005 (set-face-foreground 'message-headers "darkslateblue") | |
2006 (set-face-foreground 'message-header-contents "brown") | |
2007 (set-face-foreground 'message-highlighted-header-contents "black") | |
2008 (set-face-foreground 'message-cited-text "darkgreen") | |
2009 @end example | |
2010 | |
2011 Well, this should work, provided that @code{(require | |
2012 'highlight-headers)} is executed first. Also, highlight-headers is | |
2013 self-contained and you don't need to turn on font-lock mode. | |
2014 | |
2015 | |
2016 @node 19.2. | |
2017 @section 19.2. I seem to have heard that there's a package distributed with XEmacs which will use the echo area to notify you of incoming mail in a rather configurable way (multiple spool files, different actions for different files). What and where is it? | |
2018 | |
2019 It's called reportmail. Add the following to your @file{.emacs}: | |
2020 | |
2021 @example | |
2022 (load-library "reportmail") | |
2023 @end example | |
2024 | |
2025 | |
2026 @node 19.3. | |
2027 @section 19.3. Is there any way to add more faces and regexps to GNUS without hacking gnus.el? | |
2028 | |
2029 You can try the folowing elisp: | |
2030 | |
2031 @example | |
2032 (add-hook 'gnus-startup-hook | |
2033 '(lambda () | |
2034 (font-lock-mode) | |
2035 (set-face-foreground 'message-headers "red") | |
2036 (set-face-foreground 'message-header-contents "orange") | |
2037 (set-face-foreground 'message-cited-text "blue"))) | |
2038 @end example | |
2039 | |
2040 | |
2041 @node 19.4. | |
2042 @section 19.4. What is BBDB? | |
2043 | |
2044 BBDB is the Big Brother Database, written by Jamie Zawinski | |
2045 <jwz@@netscape.com>. It interfaces to VM, mh-e, and GNUS and | |
2046 conveniently snarfs information about people and other things from | |
2047 articles and messages that go by. | |
2048 | |
2049 BBDB is available from the elisp archive | |
2050 | |
2051 @ifinfo | |
2052 @example | |
2053 archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive | |
2054 @end example | |
2055 @end ifinfo | |
2056 @ifhtml | |
2057 <A HREF="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/">ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/</A> | |
2058 @end ifhtml | |
2059 | |
2060 BBDB has a mailing list devoted to it: | |
2061 | |
2062 @example | |
2063 info-bbdb@@cs.uiuc.edu | |
2064 @end example | |
2065 | |
2066 This mailing list is archived at | |
2067 | |
2068 @ifinfo | |
2069 @example | |
2070 ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/bbdb | |
2071 @end example | |
2072 @end ifinfo | |
2073 @ifhtml | |
2074 <A | |
2075 HREF="ftp://ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/bbdb/">ftp.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/bbdb/</A> | |
2076 @end ifhtml | |
2077 | |
2078 | |
2079 @node 19.5. | |
2080 @section 19.5. I noticed that BBDB evokes an XEmacs bug; is there a fix? | |
2081 | |
2082 This worked for me: | |
2083 | |
2084 @example | |
2085 (setq bbdb-electric-p nil) | |
2086 @end example | |
2087 | |
2088 @node 19.6. | |
2089 @section 19.6. I'm getting the error 'Wrong type argument: listp :-pos' when I try to start BBDB. What do I do? | |
2090 | |
2091 Discard the copy of mail-extr.el that came with bbdb. | |
2092 | |
2093 XEmacs 19.12 made the change that you cannot change the value of | |
2094 interned symbols whose names begin with a colon. The mail-extr.el | |
2095 that's distributed with 19.12+ is fixed to live with this restriction, | |
2096 but old copies of mail-extr.el will bomb. | |
2097 | |
2098 | |
2099 @node 19.7. | |
2100 @section 19.7. I'm getting the error 'movemail: Permission denied' when I try and start VM. What do I do? | |
2101 | |
2102 Execute the following two commands. movemail is normally located in the | |
2103 XEmacs install tree at @file{.../lib/xemacs-19.13/$@{arch@}/movemail}. | |
2104 | |
2105 @example | |
2106 chgrp mail movemail | |
2107 chmod 2555 movemail | |
2108 @end example | |
2109 | |
2110 | |
2111 @node 20. Printing, 21. Gnuserv, 19. Mail; VM; GNUS; BBDB; and related, top | |
2112 @chapter 20. Printing | |
2113 | |
2114 @menu | |
2115 * 20.1.:: 20.1. Font-lock looks nice. How can I print (WYSIWYG) the highlighted document? | |
2116 * 20.2.:: 20.2. My printer is a Postscript printer and @code{lpr} only works for Postscript files, so how do I get @kbd{M-x lpr-region} and @kbd{M-x lpr-buffer} to work? | |
2117 @end menu | |
2118 | |
2119 | |
2120 @node 20.1. | |
2121 @section 20.1. Font-lock looks nice. How can I print (WYSIWYG) the highlighted document? | |
2122 | |
2123 The package ps-print.el, which is now included with XEmacs, provides the | |
2124 ability to do this. It contains complete instructions on its use: | |
2125 | |
2126 @example | |
2127 <xemacs_src_root>/lisp/packages/ps-print.el | |
2128 @end example | |
2129 | |
2130 | |
2131 @node 20.2. | |
2132 @section 20.2. My printer is a Postscript printer and @code{lpr} only works for Postscript files, so how do I get @kbd{M-x lpr-region} and @kbd{M-x lpr-buffer} to work? | |
2133 | |
2134 @example | |
2135 (setq lpr-command "@var{Command to print text files}") | |
2136 @end example | |
2137 | |
2138 Please don't forget to replace @var{Command to print text files} with the | |
2139 actual command (@samp{enscript}, @samp{nenscript}, etc.)! | |
2140 | |
2141 | |
2142 | |
2143 @node 21. Gnuserv, 22. Miscellaneous, 20. Printing, top | |
2144 @chapter 21. Gnuserv | |
2145 | |
2146 @menu | |
2147 * 21.1.:: 21.1. How do I disable gnuserv from opening a new frame? | |
2148 * 21.2.:: 21.2. What do I do to start the gnuserv server so that each subseqeuent XEmacs is a client? | |
2149 @end menu | |
2150 | |
2151 | |
2152 @node 21.1. | |
2153 @section 21.1. How do I disable gnuserv from opening a new frame? | |
2154 | |
2155 If you set the gnuserv-screen variable to the frame that should be | |
2156 used to display buffers that are pulled up, a new frame will not be | |
2157 created. For example, you could put | |
2158 | |
2159 @example | |
2160 (setq gnuserv-screen (selected-frame)) | |
2161 @end example | |
2162 | |
2163 early on in your @file{.emacs}, to ensure that the first frame created is | |
2164 the one used for your gnuserv buffers. | |
2165 | |
2166 | |
2167 @node 21.2. | |
2168 @section 21.2. What do I do to start the gnuserv server so that each subseqeuent XEmacs is a client? | |
2169 | |
2170 Put the following in your @file{.emacs} file to start the server: | |
2171 | |
2172 @example | |
2173 (gnuserv-start) | |
2174 @end example | |
2175 | |
2176 Start your first XEmacs as usual. After that, you can do | |
2177 | |
2178 @example | |
2179 gnuclient randomfilename | |
2180 @end example | |
2181 | |
2182 from the command line to get your existing XEmacs process to open a new | |
2183 frame and visit randomfilename in that window. When you're done editing | |
2184 randomfilename, hit @kbd{C-x #} to kill the buffer and get rid of the | |
2185 frame. | |
2186 | |
2187 | |
2188 | |
2189 @node 22. Miscellaneous,, 21. Gnuserv, top | |
2190 @chapter 22. Miscellaneous | |
2191 | |
2192 @menu | |
2193 * 22.1.:: 22.1. How do I specify the paths that XEmacs uses for finding files? | |
2194 * 22.2.:: 22.2. Why does edt emulation not work? | |
2195 * 22.3.:: 22.3. How can I emulate VI and use it as my default mode? | |
2196 * 22.4.:: 22.4. Is there some way to get the behavior so that if the current buffer has a file associated with it, the current buffer will use that files name else use the buffer name? | |
2197 * 22.5.:: 22.5. I have no idea where this is coming from, but ever since I moved from 19.9 to 19.13 I have started seeing that all of my buffers will get a minor mode called @samp{Omit}. I have no idea how it got there nor do I know what it does. What is it? | |
2198 * 22.6.:: 22.6. How do I turn off the sound? | |
2199 * 22.7.:: 22.7. Can I have the end of the buffer delimited in some way? Say, with: [END] ? | |
2200 * 22.8.:: 22.8. Can I insert today's date into buffer? | |
2201 * 22.9.:: 22.9. Are only certain syntactic character classes available for abbrevs? I didn't see any restrictions in the info. | |
2202 * 22.10.:: 22.10. Filladapt used to work after I loaded it. Now in 19.13 it doesn't. What gives? | |
2203 @end menu | |
2204 | |
2205 | |
2206 @node 22.1. | |
2207 @section 22.1. How do I specify the paths that XEmacs uses for finding files? | |
2208 | |
2209 You can specify what paths to use by using a number of different flags | |
2210 when running configure. See the section MAKE VARIABLES in the top-level | |
2211 file INSTALL in the XEmacs distribution for a listing of those flags. | |
2212 | |
2213 Most of the time, however, the simplest fix is: DO NOT specify paths as | |
2214 you might for FSF GNU Emacs. XEmacs can generally determine the | |
2215 necessary paths dynamically at run time. The only path that generally | |
2216 needs to be specified is the root directory to install into. That can | |
2217 be specified by passing the @code{--prefix} flag to configure. For a | |
2218 description of the XEmacs install tree, please consult the NEWS file. | |
2219 | |
2220 | |
2221 @node 22.2. | |
2222 @section 22.2. Why does edt emulation not work? | |
2223 | |
2224 We don't know, but you can use tpu-edt emulation instead, which works fine | |
2225 and is a little fancier than the standard edt emulation. To do this, add | |
2226 the following line to your @file{.emacs}: | |
2227 | |
2228 @example | |
2229 (load "tpu-edt") | |
2230 @end example | |
2231 | |
2232 If you don't want it to replace Ctrl-h with edt-style help menu add this as | |
2233 well: | |
2234 | |
2235 @example | |
2236 (global-set-key '(control h) 'help-for-help) | |
2237 @end example | |
2238 | |
2239 | |
2240 @node 22.3. | |
2241 @section 22.3. How can I emulate VI and use it as my default mode? | |
2242 | |
2243 Our recommended VI emulator is viper. To put the current buffer into | |
2244 viper-mode, use the command: | |
2245 | |
2246 @example | |
2247 M-x viper | |
2248 @end example | |
2249 | |
2250 To make viper-mode the default, add the following lines to your @file{.emacs}: | |
2251 | |
2252 @example | |
2253 (load-library "viper") | |
2254 (setq term-setup-hook 'viper) | |
2255 (setq find-file-hooks 'viper) | |
2256 (setq find-file-not-found-hooks 'viper) | |
2257 @end example | |
2258 | |
2259 | |
2260 @node 22.4. | |
2261 @section 22.4. Is there some way to get the behavior so that if the current buffer has a file associated with it, the current buffer will use that files name else use the buffer name? | |
2262 | |
2263 Just set frame-title-format from find-file-hooks. Alternatively, look at | |
2264 the answer to question 15.2. | |
2265 | |
2266 In addition, one could set modeline-format. | |
2267 | |
2268 | |
2269 @node 22.5. | |
2270 @section 22.5. I have no idea where this is coming from, but ever since I moved from 19.9 to 19.13 I have started seeing that all of my buffers will get a minor mode called @samp{Omit}. I have no idea how it got there nor do I know what it does. What is it? | |
2271 | |
2272 It's part of dired. In dired, you can type M-o to get Omit mode and that will | |
2273 ignore uninteresting files (checkpoint files and backups, for example). You | |
2274 get Omit in the modeline everywhere because the variable `dired-omit-files-p' | |
2275 is globally set to some non-nil value. If you want this functionality, it's | |
2276 probably best to use a hook: | |
2277 | |
2278 @example | |
2279 (add-hook 'dired-after-readin-hook '(lambda () (dired-omit-toggle))) | |
2280 @end example | |
2281 | |
2282 Alternatively, since it seems odd to toggle the omit | |
2283 state with every readin, since readin can happen many times in a Dired | |
2284 buffer, you can try this hook to correct the "Omit" problem: | |
2285 | |
2286 @example | |
2287 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook | |
2288 (function (lambda () | |
2289 ;; `dired-omit-files-p' is made buffer-local by "dired-x.el", but | |
2290 ;; maybe not soon enough. | |
2291 (make-local-variable 'dired-omit-files-p) | |
2292 (setq dired-omit-files-p t)))) | |
2293 @end example | |
2294 | |
2295 This is only run once, when the Dired buffer is created. | |
2296 | |
2297 | |
2298 @node 22.6. | |
2299 @section 22.6. How do I turn off the sound? | |
2300 | |
2301 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: | |
2302 | |
2303 @example | |
2304 (setq bell-volume 0) | |
2305 (setq sound-alist nil) | |
2306 @end example | |
2307 | |
2308 | |
2309 @node 22.7. | |
2310 @section 22.7. Can I have the end of the buffer delimited in some way? Say, with: [END] ? | |
2311 | |
2312 @example | |
2313 (make-annotation "[END]" (point-max) 'text (current-buffer)) | |
2314 @end example | |
2315 | |
2316 Note that you might want to put this in a hook. | |
2317 | |
2318 You might also need: | |
2319 | |
2320 @example | |
2321 (require 'annotations) | |
2322 @end example | |
2323 | |
2324 since @code{make-annotation} is not defined by default. | |
2325 | |
2326 | |
2327 @node 22.8. | |
2328 @section 22.8. Can I insert today's date into buffer? | |
2329 | |
2330 Use this lisp in a function: | |
2331 | |
2332 @example | |
2333 (insert (current-time-string)) | |
2334 @end example | |
2335 | |
2336 | |
2337 @node 22.9. | |
2338 @section 22.9. Are only certain syntactic character classes available for abbrevs? I didn't see any restrictions in the info. | |
2339 | |
2340 Yes, abbrevs only expand word-syntax strings. So, in c-mode if you | |
2341 wanted to expand something to @samp{define }, you would be able to | |
2342 expand @samp{xd} but not @samp{#d}. | |
2343 | |
2344 | |
2345 @node 22.10. | |
2346 @section 22.10. Filladapt used to work after I loaded it. Now in 19.13 it doesn't. What gives? | |
2347 | |
2348 Filladapt 2.x is included in 19.13+. In it filladapt is now a minor | |
2349 mode and minor modes are traditionally off by default. The following | |
2350 added to your .emacs will turn it on for all buffers: | |
2351 | |
2352 @example | |
2353 (setq-default filladapt-mode t) | |
2354 @end example | |
2355 | |
2356 Use @code{turn-on-filladapt-mode} to turn Filladapt on in particular | |
2357 major modes, like this: | |
2358 | |
2359 @example | |
2360 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-filladapt-mode) | |
2361 @end example | |
2362 | |
2363 | |
2364 @page | |
2365 @contents | |
2366 @bye |