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Import from CVS: tag r21-2-46
author cvs
date Mon, 13 Aug 2007 11:44:37 +0200
parents 3ecd8885ac67
children 47c30044fc4e
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1 @comment node-name, next, previous, up 1 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
2 @node Customization Basics, Help, Edit, Top 2 @node Customization Basics, Help, Edit, Top
3 @chapter Customize key bindings and menus 3 @chapter Customize key bindings and menus
4 @cindex .emacs 4 @cindex init.el
5 @cindex customize 5 @cindex customize
6 @findex eval-region 6 @findex eval-region
7 7
8 When you start Emacs, it reads the file @file{~/.emacs} in your home 8 When you start Emacs, it reads the file @file{~/.xemacs/init.el} in the
9 directory. You can use this file to initialize and customize Emacs to 9 @file{.xemacs/} subdirectory of your home directory. You can use this
10 your liking. This file should contain lisp-code. You can customize your 10 file to initialize and customize Emacs to your liking. This file should
11 @file{.emacs} file to create new 11 contain lisp-code. You can customize your @file{init.el} file to create
12 menus, disable menus, change key bindings, enable a minor mode, etc. Any 12 new menus, disable menus, change key bindings, enable a minor mode,
13 kind of customization affects 13 etc. Any kind of customization affects only a particular Emacs job that
14 only a particular Emacs job that you do them in. If you want to save 14 you do them in. If you want to save your customizations `permanently'
15 your customizations `permanently' i.e. for future use also, you have to 15 i.e. for future use also, you have to put it in your @samp{init.el}
16 put it in your @samp{.emacs} file. After you make changes to your 16 file. After you make changes to your @file{init.el} file and save it, the
17 @file{.emacs} file and save it, the changes will be effective only after 17 changes will be effective only after you start Emacs again i.e. for a
18 you start Emacs again i.e. for a new Emacs process. To try out some of 18 new Emacs process. To try out some of the examples in this section,
19 the examples in this section, highlight that region and evaluate the 19 highlight that region and evaluate the region by giving the command
20 region by giving the command @kbd{M-x eval-region}. You will be able to 20 @kbd{M-x eval-region}. You will be able to see the results of your
21 see the results of your customizations in that Emacs session only 21 customizations in that Emacs session only (@pxref{Lisp
22 (@pxref{Lisp Eval,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}). 22 Eval,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}).
23 23
24 @comment node-name, next, previous, up 24 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
25 @menu 25 @menu
26 * Customizing key Bindings:: Changing Key Bindings 26 * Customizing key Bindings:: Changing Key Bindings
27 * Customizing Menus:: Adding, Deleting, Enabling and Disabling Menus 27 * Customizing Menus:: Adding, Deleting, Enabling and Disabling Menus
41 its bound to the function @b{previous-line}. The functions themselves 41 its bound to the function @b{previous-line}. The functions themselves
42 define a particular behavior. You can customize the key @kbd{C-n} to 42 define a particular behavior. You can customize the key @kbd{C-n} to
43 move to the previous line by binding it to @b{previous-line} and 43 move to the previous line by binding it to @b{previous-line} and
44 @kbd{C-p} to move to the next line by binding it to @b{next-line}. To 44 @kbd{C-p} to move to the next line by binding it to @b{next-line}. To
45 bind keys to globally run commands you need to use the following syntax 45 bind keys to globally run commands you need to use the following syntax
46 in your @b{.emacs} file: 46 in your @b{init.el} file:
47 47
48 @cindex binding keys 48 @cindex binding keys
49 @example 49 @example
50 @code{(global-set-key @var{keys} @var{cmd})} 50 @code{(global-set-key @var{keys} @var{cmd})}
51 @end example 51 @end example
52 @noindent 52 @noindent
53 Here, @code{global-set-key} is a function which will bind the 53 Here, @code{global-set-key} is a function which will bind the
54 @dfn{keys} to the specified @dfn{cmd}. For example, if you type the 54 @dfn{keys} to the specified @dfn{cmd}. For example, if you type the
55 following in your @b{.emacs} file: 55 following in your @b{init.el} file:
56 56
57 @example 57 @example
58 (global-set-key "\C-p" 'next-line) 58 (global-set-key "\C-p" 'next-line)
59 (global-set-key "\C-n" 'previous-line) 59 (global-set-key "\C-n" 'previous-line)
60 @end example 60 @end example
67 in the syntax stated above. Here, @samp{nil} stands for @samp{false} 67 in the syntax stated above. Here, @samp{nil} stands for @samp{false}
68 which means disable a command or turn off a feature. If you want to 68 which means disable a command or turn off a feature. If you want to
69 enable a command or turn on a particular feature use @samp{t} 69 enable a command or turn on a particular feature use @samp{t}
70 which stands for @samp{true}. For example, if you do not wish @kbd{C-x 70 which stands for @samp{true}. For example, if you do not wish @kbd{C-x
71 C-c} to @samp{Exit Emacs} you can type the following expression in your 71 C-c} to @samp{Exit Emacs} you can type the following expression in your
72 @file{.emacs} file: 72 @file{init.el} file:
73 73
74 @example 74 @example
75 (global-set-key "\C-x\C-c" nil) 75 (global-set-key "\C-x\C-c" nil)
76 @end example 76 @end example
77 77
78 @noindent 78 @noindent
79 You might want to have this statement in your @file{.emacs} file because 79 You might want to have this statement in your @file{init.el} file because
80 its easy to hit this command by mistake and it could be annoying to exit 80 its easy to hit this command by mistake and it could be annoying to exit
81 Emacs unintentionally. There is a @b{Exit Emacs} option in the @b{File 81 Emacs unintentionally. There is a @b{Exit Emacs} option in the @b{File
82 menu} which you might want to use instead. To make a particular key 82 menu} which you might want to use instead. To make a particular key
83 undefined you can also use: 83 undefined you can also use:
84 84
172 &optional @var{before}) 172 &optional @var{before})
173 173
174 This function will add a menu item to a menu, creating the menu first if 174 This function will add a menu item to a menu, creating the menu first if
175 necessary. If the named item already exists, the menu will remain 175 necessary. If the named item already exists, the menu will remain
176 unchanged. For example, if you add the following example to your 176 unchanged. For example, if you add the following example to your
177 @file{.emacs} file or evaluate it (@pxref{Customization Basics}), 177 @file{init.el} file or evaluate it (@pxref{Customization Basics}),
178 178
179 @example 179 @example
180 (add-menu-item '("Edit") "Replace String" replace-string t "Clear") 180 (add-menu-item '("Edit") "Replace String" replace-string t "Clear")
181 @end example 181 @end example
182 182