annotate man/xemacs/indent.texi @ 2367:ecf1ebac70d8
[xemacs-hg @ 2004-11-04 23:05:23 by ben]
commit mega-patch
configure.in: Turn off -Winline and -Wchar-subscripts.
Use the right set of cflags when compiling modules.
Rewrite ldap configuration to separate the inclusion of lber
(needed in recent Cygwin) from the basic checks for the
needed libraries.
add a function for MAKE_JUNK_C; initially code was added to
generate xemacs.def using this, but it will need to be rewritten.
add an rm -f for junk.c to avoid weird Cygwin bug with cp -f onto
an existing file.
Sort list of auto-detected functions and eliminate unused checks for
stpcpy, setlocale and getwd.
Add autodetection of Cygwin scanf problems
BETA: Rewrite section on configure to indicate what flags are important
and what not.
digest-doc.c, make-dump-id.c, profile.c, sorted-doc.c: Add proper decls for main().
make-msgfile.c: Document that this is old junk.
Move proposal to text.c.
make-msgfile.lex: Move proposal to text.c.
make-mswin-unicode.pl: Convert error-generating code so that the entire message will
be seen as a single unrecognized token.
mule/mule-ccl.el: Update docs.
lispref/mule.texi: Update CCL docs.
ldap/eldap.c: Mule-ize.
Use EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP_2 instead of deleted EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP.
* XEmacs 21.5.18 "chestnut" is released.
---------------------------------------------------------------
MULE-RELATED WORK:
---------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------
byte-char conversion
---------------------------
buffer.c, buffer.h, insdel.c, text.c: Port FSF algorithm for byte-char conversion, replacing broken
previous version. Track the char position of the gap. Add
functions to do char-byte conversion downwards as well as upwards.
Move comments about algorithm workings to internals manual.
---------------------------
work on types
---------------------------
alloc.c, console-x-impl.h, dump-data.c, dump-data.h, dumper.c, dialog-msw.c, dired-msw.c, doc.c, editfns.c, esd.c, event-gtk.h, event-msw.c, events.c, file-coding.c, file-coding.h, fns.c, glyphs-eimage.c, glyphs-gtk.c, glyphs-msw.c, glyphs-shared.c, glyphs-x.c, glyphs.c, glyphs.h, gui.c, hpplay.c, imgproc.c, intl-win32.c, lrecord.h, lstream.c, keymap.c, lisp.h, libsst.c, linuxplay.c, miscplay.c, miscplay.h, mule-coding.c, nas.c, nt.c, ntheap.c, ntplay.c, objects-msw.c, objects-tty.c, objects-x.c, print.c, process-nt.c, process.c, redisplay.h, select-common.h, select-gtk.c, select-x.c, sgiplay.c, sound.c, sound.h, sunplay.c, sysfile.h, sysdep.c, syswindows.h, text.c, unexnt.c, win32.c, xgccache.c: Further work on types. This creates a full set of types for all
the basic semantics of `char' that I have so far identified, so that
its semantics can always be identified for the purposes of proper
Mule-safe code, and the raw use of `char' always avoided.
(1) More type renaming, for consistency of naming.
Char_ASCII -> Ascbyte
UChar_ASCII -> UAscbyte
Char_Binary -> CBinbyte
UChar_Binary -> Binbyte
SChar_Binary -> SBinbyte
(2) Introduce Rawbyte, CRawbyte, Boolbyte, Chbyte, UChbyte, and
Bitbyte and use them.
(3) New types Itext, Wexttext and Textcount for separating out
the concepts of bytes and textual units (different under UTF-16
and UTF-32, which are potential internal encodings).
(4) qxestr*_c -> qxestr*_ascii.
lisp.h: New; goes with other qxe() functions. #### Maybe goes in a
different section.
lisp.h: Group generic int-type defs together with EMACS_INT defs.
lisp.h: * lisp.h (WEXTTEXT_IS_WIDE)
New defns.
lisp.h: New type to replace places where int occurs as a boolean.
It's signed because occasionally people may want to use -1 as
an error value, and because unsigned ints are viral -- see comments
in the internals manual against using them.
dynarr.c: int -> Bytecount.
---------------------------
Mule-izing
---------------------------
device-x.c: Partially Mule-ize.
dumper.c, dumper.h: Mule-ize. Use Rawbyte. Use stderr_out not printf. Use wext_*().
sysdep.c, syswindows.h, text.c: New Wexttext API for manipulation of external text that may be
Unicode (e.g. startup code under Windows).
emacs.c: Mule-ize. Properly deal with argv in external encoding.
Use wext_*() and Wexttext. Use Rawbyte.
#if 0 some old junk on SCO that is unlikely to be correct.
Rewrite allocation code in run-temacs.
emacs.c, symsinit.h, win32.c: Rename win32 init function and call it even earlier, to
initialize mswindows_9x_p even earlier, for use in startup code
(XEUNICODE_P).
process.c: Use _wenviron not environ under Windows, to get Unicode environment
variables.
event-Xt.c: Mule-ize drag-n-drop related stuff.
dragdrop.c, dragdrop.h, frame-x.c: Mule-ize.
text.h: Add some more stand-in defines for particular kinds of conversion;
use in Mule-ization work in frame-x.c etc.
---------------------------
Freshening
---------------------------
intl-auto-encap-win32.c, intl-auto-encap-win32.h: Regenerate.
---------------------------
Unicode-work
---------------------------
intl-win32.c, syswindows.h: Factor out common options to MultiByteToWideChar and
WideCharToMultiByte. Add convert_unicode_to_multibyte_malloc()
and convert_unicode_to_multibyte_dynarr() and use. Add stuff for
alloca() conversion of multibyte/unicode.
alloc.c: Use dfc_external_data_len() in case of unicode coding system.
alloc.c, mule-charset.c: Don't zero out and reinit charset Unicode tables. This fucks up
dump-time loading. Anyway, either we load them at dump time or
run time, never both.
unicode.c: Dump the blank tables as well.
---------------------------------------------------------------
DOCUMENTATION, MOSTLY MULE-RELATED:
---------------------------------------------------------------
EmacsFrame.c, emodules.c, event-Xt.c, fileio.c, input-method-xlib.c, mule-wnnfns.c, redisplay-gtk.c, redisplay-tty.c, redisplay-x.c, regex.c, sysdep.c: Add comment about Mule work needed.
text.h: Add more documentation describing why DFC routines were not written
to return their value. Add some other DFC documentation.
console-msw.c, console-msw.h: Add pointer to docs in win32.c.
emacs.c: Add comments on sources of doc info.
text.c, charset.h, unicode.c, intl-win32.c, intl-encap-win32.c, text.h, file-coding.c, mule-coding.c: Collect background comments and related to text matters and
internationalization, and proposals for work to be done, in text.c
or Internals manual, stuff related to specific textual API's in
text.h, and stuff related to internal implementation of Unicode
conversion in unicode.c. Put lots of pointers to the comments to
make them easier to find.
s/mingw32.h, s/win32-common.h, s/win32-native.h, s/windowsnt.h, win32.c: Add bunches of new documentation on the different kinds of
builds and environments under Windows and how they work.
Collect this info in win32.c. Add pointers to these docs in
the relevant s/* files.
emacs.c: Document places with long comments.
Remove comment about exiting, move to internals manual, put
in pointer.
event-stream.c: Move docs about event queues and focus to internals manual, put
in pointer.
events.h: Move docs about event stream callbacks to internals manual, put
in pointer.
profile.c, redisplay.c, signal.c: Move documentation to the Internals manual.
process-nt.c: Add pointer to comment in win32-native.el.
lisp.h: Add comments about some comment conventions.
lisp.h: Add comment about the second argument.
device-msw.c, redisplay-msw.c: @@#### comments are out-of-date.
---------------------------------------------------------------
PDUMP WORK (MOTIVATED BY UNICODE CHANGES)
---------------------------------------------------------------
alloc.c, buffer.c, bytecode.c, console-impl.h, console.c, device.c, dumper.c, lrecord.h, elhash.c, emodules.h, events.c, extents.c, frame.c, glyphs.c, glyphs.h, mule-charset.c, mule-coding.c, objects.c, profile.c, rangetab.c, redisplay.c, specifier.c, specifier.h, window.c, lstream.c, file-coding.h, file-coding.c: PDUMP:
Properly implement dump_add_root_block(), which never worked before,
and is necessary for dumping Unicode tables.
Pdump name changes for accuracy:
XD_STRUCT_PTR -> XD_BLOCK_PTR.
XD_STRUCT_ARRAY -> XD_BLOCK_ARRAY.
XD_C_STRING -> XD_ASCII_STRING.
*_structure_* -> *_block_*.
lrecord.h: some comments added about
dump_add_root_block() vs dump_add_root_block_ptr().
extents.c: remove incorrect comment about pdump problems with gap array.
---------------------------------------------------------------
ALLOCATION
---------------------------------------------------------------
abbrev.c, alloc.c, bytecode.c, casefiddle.c, device-msw.c, device-x.c, dired-msw.c, doc.c, doprnt.c, dragdrop.c, editfns.c, emodules.c, file-coding.c, fileio.c, filelock.c, fns.c, glyphs-eimage.c, glyphs-gtk.c, glyphs-msw.c, glyphs-x.c, gui-msw.c, gui-x.c, imgproc.c, intl-win32.c, lread.c, menubar-gtk.c, menubar.c, nt.c, objects-msw.c, objects-x.c, print.c, process-nt.c, process-unix.c, process.c, realpath.c, redisplay.c, search.c, select-common.c, symbols.c, sysdep.c, syswindows.h, text.c, text.h, ui-byhand.c: New macros {alloca,xnew}_{itext,{i,ext,raw,bin,asc}bytes} for
more convenient allocation of these commonly requested items.
Modify functions to use alloca_ibytes, alloca_array, alloca_extbytes,
xnew_ibytes, etc. also XREALLOC_ARRAY, xnew.
alloc.c: Rewrite the allocation functions to factor out repeated code.
Add assertions for freeing dumped data.
lisp.h: Moved down and consolidated with other allocation stuff.
lisp.h, dynarr.c: New functions for allocation that's very efficient when mostly in
LIFO order.
lisp.h, text.c, text.h: Factor out some stuff for general use by alloca()-conversion funs.
text.h, lisp.h: Fill out convenience routines for allocating various kinds of
bytes and put them in lisp.h. Use them in place of xmalloc(),
ALLOCA().
text.h: Fill out the convenience functions so the _MALLOC() kinds match
the alloca() kinds.
---------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR-CHECKING
---------------------------------------------------------------
text.h: Create ASSERT_ASCTEXT_ASCII() and ASSERT_ASCTEXT_ASCII_LEN()
from similar Eistring checkers and change the Eistring checkers to
use them instead.
---------------------------------------------------------------
MACROS IN LISP.H
---------------------------------------------------------------
lisp.h: Redo GCPRO declarations. Create a "base" set of functions that can
be used to generate any kind of gcpro sets -- regular, ngcpro,
nngcpro, private ones used in GC_EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP_2.
buffer.c, callint.c, chartab.c, console-msw.c, device-x.c, dialog-msw.c, dired.c, extents.c, ui-gtk.c, rangetab.c, nt.c, mule-coding.c, minibuf.c, menubar-msw.c, menubar.c, menubar-gtk.c, lread.c, lisp.h, gutter.c, glyphs.c, glyphs-widget.c, fns.c, fileio.c, file-coding.c, specifier.c: Eliminate EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP, which does not check for circularities.
Use EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP_2 instead or EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP_3
or EXTERNAL_PROPERTY_LIST_LOOP_3 or GC_EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP_2
(new macro). Removed/redid comments on EXTERNAL_LIST_LOOP.
---------------------------------------------------------------
SPACING FIXES
---------------------------------------------------------------
callint.c, hftctl.c, number-gmp.c, process-unix.c: Spacing fixes.
---------------------------------------------------------------
FIX FOR GEOMETRY PROBLEM IN FIRST FRAME
---------------------------------------------------------------
unicode.c: Add workaround for newlib bug in sscanf() [should be fixed by
release 1.5.12 of Cygwin].
toolbar.c: bug fix for problem of initial frame being 77 chars wide on Windows.
will be overridden by my other ws.
---------------------------------------------------------------
FIX FOR LEAKING PROCESS HANDLES:
---------------------------------------------------------------
process-nt.c: Fixes for leaking handles. Inspired by work done by Adrian Aichner
<adrian@xemacs.org>.
---------------------------------------------------------------
FIX FOR CYGWIN BUG (Unicode-related):
---------------------------------------------------------------
unicode.c: Add workaround for newlib bug in sscanf() [should be fixed by
release 1.5.12 of Cygwin].
---------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING FIXES:
---------------------------------------------------------------
console-stream.c: `reinit' is unused.
compiler.h, event-msw.c, frame-msw.c, intl-encap-win32.c, text.h: Add stuff to deal with ANSI-aliasing warnings I got.
regex.c: Gather includes together to avoid warning.
---------------------------------------------------------------
CHANGES TO INITIALIZATION ROUTINES:
---------------------------------------------------------------
buffer.c, emacs.c, console.c, debug.c, device-x.c, device.c, dragdrop.c, emodules.c, eval.c, event-Xt.c, event-gtk.c, event-msw.c, event-stream.c, event-tty.c, events.c, extents.c, faces.c, file-coding.c, fileio.c, font-lock.c, frame-msw.c, glyphs-widget.c, glyphs.c, gui-x.c, insdel.c, lread.c, lstream.c, menubar-gtk.c, menubar-x.c, minibuf.c, mule-wnnfns.c, objects-msw.c, objects.c, print.c, scrollbar-x.c, search.c, select-x.c, text.c, undo.c, unicode.c, window.c, symsinit.h: Call reinit_*() functions directly from emacs.c, for clarity.
Factor out some redundant init code. Move disallowed stuff
that had crept into vars_of_glyphs() into complex_vars_of_glyphs().
Call init_eval_semi_early() from eval.c not in the middle of
vars_of_() in emacs.c since there should be no order dependency
in the latter calls.
---------------------------------------------------------------
ARMAGEDDON:
---------------------------------------------------------------
alloc.c, emacs.c, lisp.h, print.c: Rename inhibit_non_essential_printing_operations to
inhibit_non_essential_conversion_operations.
text.c: Assert on !inhibit_non_essential_conversion_operations.
console-msw.c, print.c: Don't do conversion in SetConsoleTitle or FindWindow to avoid
problems during armageddon. Put #errors for NON_ASCII_INTERNAL_FORMAT
in places where problems would arise.
---------------------------------------------------------------
CHANGES TO THE BUILD PROCEDURE:
---------------------------------------------------------------
config.h.in, s/cxux.h, s/usg5-4-2.h, m/powerpc.h: Add comment about correct ordering of this file.
Rearrange everything to follow this -- put all #undefs together
and before the s&m files. Add undefs for HAVE_ALLOCA, C_ALLOCA,
BROKEN_ALLOCA_IN_FUNCTION_CALLS, STACK_DIRECTION. Remove unused
HAVE_STPCPY, HAVE_GETWD, HAVE_SETLOCALE.
m/gec63.h: Deleted; totally broken, not used at all, not in FSF.
m/7300.h, m/acorn.h, m/alliant-2800.h, m/alliant.h, m/altos.h, m/amdahl.h, m/apollo.h, m/att3b.h, m/aviion.h, m/celerity.h, m/clipper.h, m/cnvrgnt.h, m/convex.h, m/cydra5.h, m/delta.h, m/delta88k.h, m/dpx2.h, m/elxsi.h, m/ews4800r.h, m/gould.h, m/hp300bsd.h, m/hp800.h, m/hp9000s300.h, m/i860.h, m/ibmps2-aix.h, m/ibmrs6000.h, m/ibmrt-aix.h, m/ibmrt.h, m/intel386.h, m/iris4d.h, m/iris5d.h, m/iris6d.h, m/irist.h, m/isi-ov.h, m/luna88k.h, m/m68k.h, m/masscomp.h, m/mg1.h, m/mips-nec.h, m/mips-siemens.h, m/mips.h, m/news.h, m/nh3000.h, m/nh4000.h, m/ns32000.h, m/orion105.h, m/pfa50.h, m/plexus.h, m/pmax.h, m/powerpc.h, m/pyrmips.h, m/sequent-ptx.h, m/sequent.h, m/sgi-challenge.h, m/symmetry.h, m/tad68k.h, m/tahoe.h, m/targon31.h, m/tekxd88.h, m/template.h, m/tower32.h, m/tower32v3.h, m/ustation.h, m/vax.h, m/wicat.h, m/xps100.h: Delete C_ALLOCA, HAVE_ALLOCA, STACK_DIRECTION,
BROKEN_ALLOCA_IN_FUNCTION_CALLS. All of this is auto-detected.
When in doubt, I followed recent FSF sources, which also have
these things deleted.
| author |
ben |
| date |
Thu, 04 Nov 2004 23:08:28 +0000 |
| parents |
376386a54a3c |
| children |
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1
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2 @node Indentation, Text, Major Modes, Top
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3 @chapter Indentation
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4 @cindex indentation
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5
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6 @c WideCommands
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7 @table @kbd
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8 @item @key{TAB}
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9 Indent current line ``appropriately'' in a mode-dependent fashion.
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10 @item @key{LFD}
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11 Perform @key{RET} followed by @key{TAB} (@code{newline-and-indent}).
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12 @item M-^
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13 Merge two lines (@code{delete-indentation}). This would cancel out
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14 the effect of @key{LFD}.
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15 @item C-M-o
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16 Split line at point; text on the line after point becomes a new line
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17 indented to the same column that it now starts in (@code{split-line}).
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18 @item M-m
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19 Move (forward or back) to the first non-blank character on the current
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20 line (@code{back-to-indentation}).
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21 @item C-M-\
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22 Indent several lines to same column (@code{indent-region}).
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23 @item C-x @key{TAB}
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24 Shift block of lines rigidly right or left (@code{indent-rigidly}).
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25 @item M-i
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26 Indent from point to the next prespecified tab stop column
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27 (@code{tab-to-tab-stop}).
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28 @item M-x indent-relative
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29 Indent from point to under an indentation point in the previous line.
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30 @end table
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31
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32 @kindex TAB
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33 @cindex indentation
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34 Most programming languages have some indentation convention. For Lisp
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35 code, lines are indented according to their nesting in parentheses. The
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36 same general idea is used for C code, though details differ.
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37
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38 Use the @key{TAB} command to indent a line whatever the language.
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39 Each major mode defines this command to perform indentation appropriate
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40 for the particular language. In Lisp mode, @key{TAB} aligns a line
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41 according to its depth in parentheses. No matter where in the line you
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42 are when you type @key{TAB}, it aligns the line as a whole. In C mode,
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43 @key{TAB} implements a subtle and sophisticated indentation style that
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44 knows about many aspects of C syntax.
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45
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46 @kindex TAB
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47 In Text mode, @key{TAB} runs the command @code{tab-to-tab-stop}, which
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48 indents to the next tab stop column. You can set the tab stops with
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49 @kbd{M-x edit-tab-stops}.
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50
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51 @menu
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52 * Indentation Commands:: Various commands and techniques for indentation.
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53 * Tab Stops:: You can set arbitrary "tab stops" and then
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54 indent to the next tab stop when you want to.
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55 * Just Spaces:: You can request indentation using just spaces.
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56 @end menu
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57
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58 @node Indentation Commands, Tab Stops, Indentation, Indentation
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59 @section Indentation Commands and Techniques
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60 @c ??? Explain what Emacs has instead of space-indent-flag.
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61
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62 If you just want to insert a tab character in the buffer, you can type
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63 @kbd{C-q @key{TAB}}.
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64
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65 @kindex M-m
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66 @findex back-to-indentation
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67 To move over the indentation on a line, type @kbd{Meta-m}
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68 (@code{back-to-indentation}). This command, given anywhere on a line,
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69 positions point at the first non-blank character on the line.
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70
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71 To insert an indented line before the current line, type @kbd{C-a C-o
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72 @key{TAB}}. To make an indented line after the current line, use
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73 @kbd{C-e @key{LFD}}.
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74
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75 @kindex C-M-o
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76 @findex split-line
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77 @kbd{C-M-o} (@code{split-line}) moves the text from point to the end of
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78 the line vertically down, so that the current line becomes two lines.
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79 @kbd{C-M-o} first moves point forward over any spaces and tabs. Then it
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80 inserts after point a newline and enough indentation to reach the same
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81 column point is on. Point remains before the inserted newline; in this
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82 regard, @kbd{C-M-o} resembles @kbd{C-o}.
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83
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84 @kindex M-\
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85 @kindex M-^
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86 @findex delete-horizontal-space
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87 @findex delete-indentation
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88 To join two lines cleanly, use the @kbd{Meta-^}
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89 (@code{delete-indentation}) command to delete the indentation at the
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90 front of the current line, and the line boundary as well. Empty spaces
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91 are replaced by a single space, or by no space if at the beginning of a
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92 line, before a close parenthesis, or after an open parenthesis.
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93 To delete just the indentation of a line, go to the beginning of the
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94 line and use @kbd{Meta-\} (@code{delete-horizontal-space}), which
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95 deletes all spaces and tabs around the cursor.
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96
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97 @kindex C-M-\
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98 @kindex C-x TAB
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99 @findex indent-region
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100 @findex indent-rigidly
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101 There are also commands for changing the indentation of several lines at
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102 once. @kbd{Control-Meta-\} (@code{indent-region}) gives each line which
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103 begins in the region the ``usual'' indentation by invoking @key{TAB} at the
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104 beginning of the line. A numeric argument specifies the column to indent
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105 to. Each line is shifted left or right so that its first non-blank
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106 character appears in that column. @kbd{C-x @key{TAB}}
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107 (@code{indent-rigidly}) moves all the lines in the region right by its
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108 argument (left, for negative arguments). The whole group of lines moves
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109 rigidly sideways, which is how the command gets its name.@refill
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110
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111 @findex indent-relative
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112 @kbd{M-x indent-relative} indents at point based on the previous line
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113 (actually, the last non-empty line.) It inserts whitespace at point, moving
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114 point, until it is underneath an indentation point in the previous line.
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115 An indentation point is the end of a sequence of whitespace or the end of
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116 the line. If point is farther right than any indentation point in the
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117 previous line, the whitespace before point is deleted and the first
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118 indentation point then applicable is used. If no indentation point is
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119 applicable even then, @code{tab-to-tab-stop} is run (see next section).
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120
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121 @code{indent-relative} is the definition of @key{TAB} in Indented Text
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122 mode. @xref{Text}.
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123
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124 @node Tab Stops, Just Spaces, Indentation Commands, Indentation
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125 @section Tab Stops
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126
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127 @kindex M-i
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128 @findex tab-to-tab-stop
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129 For typing in tables, you can use Text mode's definition of @key{TAB},
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130 @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. This command inserts indentation before point,
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131 enough to reach the next tab stop column. Even if you are not in Text mode,
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132 this function is associated with @kbd{M-i} anyway.
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133
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134 @findex edit-tab-stops
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135 @findex edit-tab-stops-note-changes
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136 @kindex C-c C-c (Edit Tab Stops)
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137 @vindex tab-stop-list
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138 You can arbitrarily set the tab stops used by @kbd{M-i}. They are
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139 stored as a list of column-numbers in increasing order in the variable
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140 @code{tab-stop-list}.
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141
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142 The convenient way to set the tab stops is using @kbd{M-x edit-tab-stops},
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143 which creates and selects a buffer containing a description of the tab stop
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144 settings. You can edit this buffer to specify different tab stops, and
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145 then type @kbd{C-c C-c} to make those new tab stops take effect. In the
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146 tab stop buffer, @kbd{C-c C-c} runs the function
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147 @code{edit-tab-stops-note-changes} rather than the default
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148 @code{save-buffer}. @code{edit-tab-stops} records which buffer was current
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149 when you invoked it, and stores the tab stops in that buffer. Normally
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150 all buffers share the same tab stops and changing them in one buffer
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151 affects all. If you make @code{tab-stop-list} local in one
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152 buffer @code{edit-tab-stops} in that buffer edits only the local
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153 settings.
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154
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155 Below is the text representing ordinary tab stops every eight columns:
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156
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157 @example
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158 : : : : : :
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159 0 1 2 3 4
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160 0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678
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161 To install changes, type C-c C-c
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162 @end example
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163
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164 The first line contains a colon at each tab stop. The remaining lines
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165 help you see where the colons are and tell you what to do.
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166
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167 Note that the tab stops that control @code{tab-to-tab-stop} have nothing
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168 to do with displaying tab characters in the buffer. @xref{Display Vars},
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169 for more information on that.
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170
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171 @node Just Spaces,, Tab Stops, Indentation
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172 @section Tabs vs. Spaces
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173
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174 @vindex indent-tabs-mode
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175 Emacs normally uses both tabs and spaces to indent lines. If you prefer,
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176 all indentation can be made from spaces only. To request this, set
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177 @code{indent-tabs-mode} to @code{nil}. This is a per-buffer variable;
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178 altering the variable affects only the current buffer, but there is a
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179 default value which you can change as well. @xref{Locals}.
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180
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181 @findex tabify
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182 @findex untabify
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183 There are also commands to convert tabs to spaces or vice versa, always
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184 preserving the columns of all non-blank text. @kbd{M-x tabify} scans the
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185 region for sequences of spaces, and converts sequences of at least three
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186 spaces to tabs if that is possible without changing indentation. @kbd{M-x
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187 untabify} changes all tabs in the region to corresponding numbers of spaces.
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