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+ − 161 <span id="intelliTxt">
+ − 162 <p> <font size="4"><b>O'Reilly Policy on Re-Use
+ − 163 of Code Examples from Books</b></font> </p>
+ − 164 <p> Bruce Epstein, author of <i>Director in a Nutshell</i>
+ − 165 (out of print) and <a href="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lingonut/">Lingo
+ − 166 in a Nutshell</a>, who is now working as a part-time
+ − 167 editor for O'Reilly (he is editor of Colin Moock's
+ − 168 recently published <a href="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/actscript/">ActionScript:
+ − 169 The Definitive Guide</a>) sent in the following
+ − 170 question: </p>
+ − 171 <p> "What is our policy with regard to programmers
+ − 172 incorporating code examples from books into
+ − 173 their work? I get asked this all the time."
+ − 174 </p>
+ − 175 <p> The short answer is this: </p>
+ − 176 <p> You can use and redistribute example code from
+ − 177 our books for any non-commercial purpose (and
+ − 178 most commercial purposes) as long as you acknowledge
+ − 179 their source and authorship. The source of the
+ − 180 code should be noted in any documentation as
+ − 181 well as in the program code itself (as a comment).
+ − 182 The attribution should include author, title,
+ − 183 publisher, and ISBN. </p>
+ − 184 <p> As is often the case, there's a longer answer
+ − 185 as well. Bruce made it really easy for me to
+ − 186 put this response together, since he forwarded
+ − 187 an unofficial reply on this subject that he'd
+ − 188 sent to the FlashCoders mailing list. What appears
+ − 189 below is based on his message. (Hey, anyone
+ − 190 else who wants to send the answer as well as
+ − 191 the question to Ask Tim can make my job a lot
+ − 192 easier :-) Thanks, Bruce.) </p>
+ − 193 <p> As per the copyright notice in our books, O'Reilly
+ − 194 reserves all rights to the material in the book,
+ − 195 including the code examples. This literally
+ − 196 means that you can use the example code all
+ − 197 you like, but you can't publish or redistribute
+ − 198 it without our permission. In reality, we are
+ − 199 comfortable with any reasonable "fair use" of
+ − 200 the code, and you can assume permission is granted
+ − 201 without contacting us. The threshold of what
+ − 202 is reasonable (fair use) depends on a number
+ − 203 of factors. First, if the book is published
+ − 204 under an open source or open publication license,
+ − 205 you can use the code examples without any obligation
+ − 206 to us. Otherwise, use the following sanity tests:
+ − 207 </p>
+ − 208 <ol>
+ − 209 <li>
+ − 210 <p>If the code is incorporated into a software
+ − 211 product, Web site, or Web service, is
+ − 212 the product, site, or service a commercial
+ − 213 venture? We don't object to commercial
+ − 214 ventures, but if someone is looking
+ − 215 to profit from our work (or that of
+ − 216 our authors'), and the use is substantial,
+ − 217 we may want to consider a license fee.
+ − 218 (Send licensing queries to <a href="mailto:permissions@oreilly.com">permissions@oreilly.com</a>.)
+ − 219 </p>
+ − 220 </li>
+ − 221 <li>
+ − 222 <p>Is the O'Reilly material incidental to
+ − 223 the entire product? Are you using only
+ − 224 a small excerpt? For example, you can't
+ − 225 publish a CD-ROM of code examples from
+ − 226 O'Reilly books without our explicit
+ − 227 permission. But we aren't going to worry
+ − 228 if you use a routine taken from our
+ − 229 books as part of a huge software project,
+ − 230 in which the borrowed code is incidental.
+ − 231 </p>
+ − 232 </li>
+ − 233 <li>
+ − 234 <p>Does the work compete with O'Reilly?
+ − 235 For example, if you are a book publisher,
+ − 236 you can't use anything from our books
+ − 237 without our permission. </p>
+ − 238 </li>
+ − 239 <li>
+ − 240 <p>Is proper credit given? Such credit would
+ − 241 include a statement specifying the source
+ − 242 of the material, such as "Derived from
+ − 243 Example 10-2, <i>ActionScript: The Definitive
+ − 244 Guide</i> by Colin Moock. Copyright
+ − 245 2001 O'Reilly & Associates." Note
+ − 246 that giving credit does not insulate
+ − 247 you from prosecution if you improperly
+ − 248 use copyrighted material! </p>
+ − 249 </li>
+ − 250 <li>
+ − 251 <p>Does your use fall within fair use provisions
+ − 252 of copyright law? (Academic research,
+ − 253 commentary, etc.) For example, you don't
+ − 254 need O'Reilly's explicit permission
+ − 255 to post a snippet of code on a mailing
+ − 256 list if you are pointing out a bug,
+ − 257 asking a question, or answering one.
+ − 258 We especially like it when people answer
+ − 259 questions by pointing to our books,
+ − 260 quoting from them, and citing their
+ − 261 examples, as long as they acknowledge
+ − 262 the source! </p>
+ − 263 <p> Acknowledging the source is particularly
+ − 264 important. Bruce didn't mention this
+ − 265 in his posting to FlashCoders, but I
+ − 266 know that he personally was bit by this
+ − 267 one. Someone was routinely answering
+ − 268 Lingo questions on a mailing list by
+ − 269 supplying examples from Bruce's book,
+ − 270 without acknowledging the source (and
+ − 271 leading people to believe that the poster
+ − 272 had written them). </p>
+ − 273 </li>
+ − 274 </ol>
+ − 275 <p> We put the code from our books online because
+ − 276 we want it to be used. (Who wants to type it
+ − 277 in?) That's why we make it available in lots
+ − 278 of ways: for download from the Web (all examples
+ − 279 are linked from the book's catalog page on <i>oreilly.com</i>),
+ − 280 in our CD Bookshelf products, and in our new
+ − 281 Safari online service. </p>
+ − 282 <p> If you are interested in licensing O'Reilly
+ − 283 book content as a third party, send your request
+ − 284 to <a href="mailto:corporate@oreilly.com">corporate@oreilly.com</a>.
+ − 285 </p>
+ − 286 <p> --Tim </p>
+ − 287 <!-- End main text here -->
+ − 288 <p align="center"> <a href="http://www.oreilly.com/ask_tim/asktim_form.html"><b>Got
+ − 289 a question? Just ask!</b></a> </p>
+ − 290 <b>Return to: <a href="http://www.oreilly.com/ask_tim/">Ask Tim Archive</a></b>
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