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1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c This is part of the XEmacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4 @c Copyright (C) 1995 Sun Microsystems.
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5 @c See the file lispref.texi for copying conditions.
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6 @setfilename ../../info/menu.info
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7 @node Menus, Dialog Boxes, Keymaps, Top
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8 @chapter Menus
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9 @cindex menu
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10
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11 @menu
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12 * Menu Format:: Format of a menu description.
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13 * Menubar Format:: How to specify a menubar.
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14 * Menubar:: Functions for controlling the menubar.
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15 * Modifying Menus:: Modifying a menu description.
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16 * Pop-Up Menus:: Functions for specifying pop-up menus.
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17 * Menu Filters:: Filter functions for the default menubar.
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18 * Buffers Menu:: The menu that displays the list of buffers.
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19 @end menu
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20
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21 @node Menu Format
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22 @section Format of Menus
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23 @cindex menu format
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24 @cindex format of menus
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25
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26 A menu is described using a @dfn{menu description}, which is a list of
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27 menu items, keyword-value pairs, strings, and submenus. The menu
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28 description specifies which items are present in the menu, what function
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29 each item invokes, and whether the item is selectable or not. Pop-up
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30 menus are directly described with a menu description, while menubars are
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31 described slightly differently (see below).
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32
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33 The first element of a menu must be a string, which is the name of the
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34 menu. This is the string that will be displayed in the parent menu or
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35 menubar, if any. This string is not displayed in the menu itself,
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36 except in the case of the top level pop-up menu, where there is no
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37 parent. In this case, the string will be displayed at the top of the
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38 menu if @code{popup-menu-titles} is non-@code{nil}.
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39
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40 Immediately following the first element there may optionally be up
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41 to three keyword-value pairs, as follows:
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42
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43 @table @code
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44 @item :included @var{form}
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45 This can be used to control the visibility of a menu. The form is
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46 evaluated and the menu will be omitted if the result is @code{nil}.
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47
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48 @item :config @var{symbol}
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49 This is an efficient shorthand for @code{:included (memq @var{symbol}
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50 menubar-configuration)}. See the variable @code{menubar-configuration}.
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51
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52 @item :filter @var{function}
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53 A menu filter is used to sensitize or incrementally create a submenu
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54 only when it is selected by the user and not every time the menubar is
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55 activated. The filter function is passed the list of menu items in the
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56 submenu and must return a list of menu items to be used for the menu.
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57 It is called only when the menu is about to be displayed, so other menus
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58 may already be displayed. Vile and terrible things will happen if a
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59 menu filter function changes the current buffer, window, or frame. It
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60 also should not raise, lower, or iconify any frames. Basically, the
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61 filter function should have no side-effects.
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62 @end table
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63
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64 The rest of the menu consists of elements as follows:
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65
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66 @itemize @bullet
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67 @item
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68 A @dfn{menu item}, which is a vector in the following form:
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69
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70 @example
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71 @code{[ @var{name} @var{callback} @var{:keyword} @var{value} @var{:keyword} @var{value} ... ]}
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72 @end example
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73
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74 @var{name} is a string, the name of the menu item; it is the string to
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75 display on the menu. It is filtered through the resource database, so
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76 it is possible for resources to override what string is actually
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77 displayed.
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78
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79 @var{callback} is a form that will be invoked when the menu item is
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80 selected. If the callback of a menu item is a symbol, then it must name
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81 a command. It will be invoked with @code{call-interactively}. If it is
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82 a list, then it is evaluated with @code{eval}.
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83
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84 The valid keywords and their meanings are described below.
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85
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86 Note that for compatibility purposes, the form
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87
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88 @example
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89 @code{[ @var{name} @var{callback} @var{active-p} ]}
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90 @end example
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91
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92 is also accepted and is equivalent to
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93
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94 @example
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95 @code{[ @var{name} @var{callback} :active @var{active-p} ]}
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96 @end example
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97
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98 and the form
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99
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100 @example
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101 @code{[ @var{name} @var{callback} @var{active-p} @var{suffix}]}
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102 @end example
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103
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104 is accepted and is equivalent to
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105
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106 @example
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107 @code{[ @var{name} @var{callback} :active @var{active-p} :suffix @var{suffix}]}
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108 @end example
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109
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110 However, these older forms are deprecated and should generally not be used.
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111
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112 @item
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113 If an element of a menu is a string, then that string will be presented
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114 in the menu as unselectable text.
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115
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116 @item
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117 If an element of a menu is a string consisting solely of hyphens, then
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118 that item will be presented as a solid horizontal line.
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119
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120 @item
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121 If an element of a menu is a string beginning with @samp{--:}, then
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122 a particular sort of horizontal line will be displayed, as follows:
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123
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124 @table @samp
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125 @item "--:singleLine"
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126 A solid horizontal line. This is equivalent to a string consisting
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127 solely of hyphens.
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128 @item "--:doubleLine"
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129 A solid double horizontal line.
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130 @item "--:singleDashedLine"
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131 A dashed horizontal line.
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132 @item "--:doubleDashedLine"
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133 A dashed double horizontal line.
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134 @item "--:noLine"
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135 No line (but a small space is left).
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136 @item "--:shadowEtchedIn"
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137 A solid horizontal line with a 3-d recessed appearance.
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138 @item "--:shadowEtchedOut"
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139 A solid horizontal line with a 3-d pushed-out appearance.
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140 @item "--:shadowDoubleEtchedIn"
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141 A solid double horizontal line with a 3-d recessed appearance.
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142 @item "--:shadowDoubleEtchedOut"
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143 A solid double horizontal line with a 3-d pushed-out appearance.
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144 @item "--:shadowEtchedInDash"
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145 A dashed horizontal line with a 3-d recessed appearance.
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146 @item "--:shadowEtchedOutDash"
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147 A dashed horizontal line with a 3-d pushed-out appearance.
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148 @item "--:shadowDoubleEtchedInDash"
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149 A dashed double horizontal line with a 3-d recessed appearance.
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150 @item "--:shadowDoubleEtchedOutDash"
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151 A dashed double horizontal line with a 3-d pushed-out appearance.
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152 @end table
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153
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154 @item
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155 If an element of a menu is a list, it is treated as a submenu. The name
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156 of that submenu (the first element in the list) will be used as the name
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157 of the item representing this menu on the parent.
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158 @end itemize
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159
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160 The possible keywords are as follows:
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161
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162 @table @asis
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163 @item :active @var{form}
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164 @var{form} will be evaluated when the menu that this item is a part of
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165 is about to be displayed, and the item will be selectable only if the
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166 result is non-@code{nil}. If the item is unselectable, it will
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167 usually be displayed grayed-out to indicate this.
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168
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169 @item :suffix @var{string}
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170 The string is appended to the displayed name. This provides a
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171 convenient way of adding the name of a command's ``argument'' to the
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172 menu, like @samp{Kill Buffer NAME}.
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173
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174 @item :keys @var{string}
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175 Normally, the keyboard equivalents of commands in menus are displayed
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176 when the ``callback'' is a symbol. This can be used to specify keys for
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177 more complex menu items. It is passed through
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178 @code{substitute-command-keys} first.
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179
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180 @item :style @var{style}
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181 Specifies what kind of object this menu item is. @var{style} be one
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182 of the symbols
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183
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184 @table @code
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185 @item nil
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186 A normal menu item.
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187 @item toggle
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188 A toggle button.
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189 @item radio
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190 A radio button.
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191 @item button
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192 A menubar button.
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193 @end table
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194
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195 The only difference between toggle and radio buttons is how they are
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196 displayed. But for consistency, a toggle button should be used when
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197 there is one option whose value can be turned on or off, and radio
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198 buttons should be used when there is a set of mutually exclusive options.
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199 When using a group of radio buttons, you should arrange for no more than
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200 one to be marked as selected at a time.
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201
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202 @item :selected @var{form}
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203 Meaningful only when @var{style} is @code{toggle}, @code{radio} or
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204 @code{button}. This specifies whether the button will be in the
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205 selected or unselected state. @var{form} is evaluated, as for
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206 @code{:active}.
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207
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208 @item :included @var{form}
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209 This can be used to control the visibility of a menu item. The form is
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210 evaluated and the menu item is only displayed if the result is
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211 non-@code{nil}. Note that this is different from @code{:active}: If
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212 @code{:active} evaluates to @code{nil}, the item will be displayed
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213 grayed out, while if @code{:included} evaluates to @code{nil}, the item
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214 will be omitted entirely.
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215
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216 @item :config @var{symbol}
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217 This is an efficient shorthand for @code{:included (memq @var{symbol}
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218 menubar-configuration)}. See the variable @code{menubar-configuration}.
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219 @end table
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220
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221 @defvar menubar-configuration
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222 This variable holds a list of symbols, against which the value of the
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223 @code{:config} tag for each menubar item will be compared. If a menubar
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224 item has a @code{:config} tag, then it is omitted from the menubar if
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225 that tag is not a member of the @code{menubar-configuration} list.
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226 @end defvar
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227
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228 For example:
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229
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230 @example
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231 ("File"
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232 :filter file-menu-filter ; file-menu-filter is a function that takes
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233 ; one argument (a list of menu items) and
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234 ; returns a list of menu items
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235 [ "Save As..." write-file t ]
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236 [ "Revert Buffer" revert-buffer (buffer-modified-p) ]
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237 [ "Read Only" toggle-read-only :style toggle :selected buffer-read-only ]
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238 )
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239 @end example
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240
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241 @node Menubar Format
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242 @section Format of the Menubar
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243 @cindex menubar format
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244 @cindex format of the menubar
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245
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246 A menubar is a list of menus, menu items, and strings. The format is
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247 similar to that of a menu, except:
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248
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249 @itemize @bullet
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250 @item
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251 The first item need not be a string, and is not treated specially.
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252
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253 @item
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254 A string consisting solely of hyphens is not treated specially.
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255
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256 @item
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257 If an element of a menubar is @code{nil}, then it is used to represent
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258 the division between the set of menubar items which are flush-left and
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259 those which are flush-right. (Note: this isn't completely implemented
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260 yet.)
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261 @end itemize
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262
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263 @node Menubar
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264 @section Menubar
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265 @cindex menubar
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266
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267 @defvar current-menubar
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268 This variable holds the description of the current menubar. This may be
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269 buffer-local. When the menubar is changed, the function
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270 @code{set-menubar-dirty-flag} has to be called in order for the menubar
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271 to be updated on the screen.
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272 @end defvar
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273
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274 @defvr Constant default-menubar
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275 This variable holds the menubar description of the menubar that is
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276 visible at startup. This is the value that @code{current-menubar}
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277 has at startup.
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278 @end defvr
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279
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280 @defun set-menubar-dirty-flag
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281 This function tells XEmacs that the menubar widget has to be updated.
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282 Changes to the menubar will generally not be visible until this function
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283 is called.
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284 @end defun
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285
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286 The following convenience functions are provided for setting the
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287 menubar. They are equivalent to doing the appropriate action to change
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288 @code{current-menubar}, and then calling @code{set-menubar-dirty-flag}.
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289 Note that these functions copy their argument using
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290 @code{copy-sequence}.
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291
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292 @defun set-menubar menubar
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293 This function sets the default menubar to be @var{menubar} (@pxref{Menu
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294 Format}). This is the menubar that will be visible in buffers that
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295 have not defined their own, buffer-local menubar.
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296 @end defun
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297
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298 @defun set-buffer-menubar menubar
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299 This function sets the buffer-local menubar to be @var{menubar}. This
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300 does not change the menubar in any buffers other than the current one.
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301 @end defun
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302
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303 Miscellaneous:
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304
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305 @defvar menubar-show-keybindings
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306 If true, the menubar will display keyboard equivalents. If false, only
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307 the command names will be displayed.
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308 @end defvar
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309
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310 @defvar activate-menubar-hook
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311 Function or functions called before a menubar menu is pulled down.
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312 These functions are called with no arguments, and should interrogate and
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313 modify the value of @code{current-menubar} as desired.
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314
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315 The functions on this hook are invoked after the mouse goes down, but
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316 before the menu is mapped, and may be used to activate, deactivate, add,
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317 or delete items from the menus. However, using a filter (with the
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318 @code{:filter} keyword in a menu description) is generally a more
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319 efficient way of accomplishing the same thing, because the filter is
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320 invoked only when the actual menu goes down. With a complex menu,
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321 there can be a quite noticeable and sometimes aggravating delay if
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322 all menu modification is implemented using the @code{activate-menubar-hook}.
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323 See above.
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324
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325 These functions may return the symbol @code{t} to assert that they have
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326 made no changes to the menubar. If any other value is returned, the
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327 menubar is recomputed. If @code{t} is returned but the menubar has been
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328 changed, then the changes may not show up right away. Returning
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329 @code{nil} when the menubar has not changed is not so bad; more
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330 computation will be done, but redisplay of the menubar will still be
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331 performed optimally.
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332 @end defvar
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333
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334 @defvar menu-no-selection-hook
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335 Function or functions to call when a menu or dialog box is dismissed
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336 without a selection having been made.
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337 @end defvar
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338
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339 @node Modifying Menus
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340 @section Modifying Menus
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341
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342 The following functions are provided to modify the menubar of one of its
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343 submenus. Note that these functions modify the menu in-place, rather
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344 than copying it and making a new menu.
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345
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346 Some of these functions take a @dfn{menu path}, which is a list of
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347 strings identifying the menu to be modified. For example,
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348 @code{("File")} names the top-level ``File'' menu. @code{("File"
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349 "Foo")} names a hypothetical submenu of ``File''.
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350
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351 Others take a @dfn{menu item path}, which is similar to a menu path but
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352 also specifies a particular item to be modified. For example,
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353 @code{("File" "Save")} means the menu item called ``Save'' under the
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354 top-level ``File'' menu. @code{("Menu" "Foo" "Item")} means the menu
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355 item called ``Item'' under the ``Foo'' submenu of ``Menu''.
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356
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357 @defun add-submenu menu-path submenu &optional before
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358 This function adds a menu to the menubar or one of its submenus. If the
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359 named menu exists already, it is changed.
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360
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361 @var{menu-path} identifies the menu under which the new menu should be
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362 inserted. If @var{menu-path} is @code{nil}, then the menu will be added
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363 to the menubar itself.
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364
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365 @var{submenu} is the new menu to add (@pxref{Menu Format}).
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366
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367 @var{before}, if provided, is the name of a menu before which this menu
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368 should be added, if this menu is not on its parent already. If the menu
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369 is already present, it will not be moved.
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370 @end defun
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371
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372 @defun add-menu-button menu-path menu-leaf &optional before
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373 This function adds a menu item to some menu, creating the menu first if
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374 necessary. If the named item exists already, it is changed.
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375
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376 @var{menu-path} identifies the menu under which the new menu item should
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377 be inserted.
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378
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379 @var{menu-leaf} is a menubar leaf node (@pxref{Menu Format}).
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380
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381 @var{before}, if provided, is the name of a menu before which this item
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382 should be added, if this item is not on the menu already. If the item
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383 is already present, it will not be moved.
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384 @end defun
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385
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386 @defun delete-menu-item menu-item-path
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387 This function removes the menu item specified by @var{menu-item-path}
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388 from the menu hierarchy.
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389 @end defun
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390
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391 @defun enable-menu-item menu-item-path
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392 This function makes the menu item specified by @var{menu-item-path} be
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393 selectable.
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394 @end defun
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395
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396 @defun disable-menu-item menu-item-path
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397 This function makes the menu item specified by @var{menu-item-path} be
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398 unselectable.
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399 @end defun
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400
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401 @defun relabel-menu-item menu-item-path new-name
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402 This function changes the string of the menu item specified by
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403 @var{menu-item-path}. @var{new-name} is the string that the menu item
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404 will be printed as from now on.
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405 @end defun
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406
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407 The following function can be used to search for a particular item in
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408 a menubar specification, given a path to the item.
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409
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410 @defun find-menu-item menubar menu-item-path &optional parent
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411 This function searches @var{menubar} for the item given by
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412 @var{menu-item-path} starting from @var{parent} (@code{nil} means start
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413 at the top of @var{menubar}). This function returns @code{(@var{item}
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414 . @var{parent})}, where @var{parent} is the immediate parent of the item
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415 found (a menu description), and @var{item} is either a vector, list, or
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416 string, depending on the nature of the menu item.
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417
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418 This function signals an error if the item is not found.
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419 @end defun
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420
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421 The following deprecated functions are also documented, so that
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422 existing code can be understood. You should not use these functions
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423 in new code.
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424
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425 @defun add-menu menu-path menu-name menu-items &optional before
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426 This function adds a menu to the menubar or one of its submenus. If the
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427 named menu exists already, it is changed. This is obsolete; use
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428 @code{add-submenu} instead.
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429
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430 @var{menu-path} identifies the menu under which the new menu should be
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431 inserted. If @var{menu-path} is @code{nil}, then the menu will be added
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432 to the menubar itself.
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433
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434 @var{menu-name} is the string naming the menu to be added;
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435 @var{menu-items} is a list of menu items, strings, and submenus. These
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436 two arguments are the same as the first and following elements of a menu
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437 description (@pxref{Menu Format}).
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438
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439 @var{before}, if provided, is the name of a menu before which this
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440 menu should be added, if this menu is not on its parent already. If the
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441 menu is already present, it will not be moved.
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442 @end defun
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443
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444 @defun add-menu-item menu-path item-name function enabled-p &optional before
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445 This function adds a menu item to some menu, creating the menu first if
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446 necessary. If the named item exists already, it is changed. This is
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447 obsolete; use @code{add-menu-button} instead.
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448
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449 @var{menu-path} identifies the menu under which the new menu item should
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450 be inserted. @var{item-name}, @var{function}, and @var{enabled-p} are
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451 the first, second, and third elements of a menu item vector (@pxref{Menu
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452 Format}).
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453
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454 @var{before}, if provided, is the name of a menu item before which this
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455 item should be added, if this item is not on the menu already. If the
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456 item is already present, it will not be moved.
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457 @end defun
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458
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459 @node Menu Filters
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460 @section Menu Filters
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461 @cindex menu filters
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462
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463 The following filter functions are provided for use in
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464 @code{default-menubar}. You may want to use them in your own menubar
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465 description.
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466
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467 @defun file-menu-filter menu-items
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468 This function changes the arguments and sensitivity of these File menu items:
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469
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470 @table @samp
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471 @item Delete Buffer
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472 Has the name of the current buffer appended to it.
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473 @item Print Buffer
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474 Has the name of the current buffer appended to it.
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475 @item Pretty-Print Buffer
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476 Has the name of the current buffer appended to it.
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477 @item Save Buffer
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478 Has the name of the current buffer appended to it, and is sensitive only
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479 when the current buffer is modified.
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480 @item Revert Buffer
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481 Has the name of the current buffer appended to it, and is sensitive only
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482 when the current buffer has a file.
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483 @item Delete Frame
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484 Sensitive only when there is more than one visible frame.
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485 @end table
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486 @end defun
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487
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488 @defun edit-menu-filter menu-items
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489 This function changes the arguments and sensitivity of these Edit menu items:
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490
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491 @table @samp
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492 @item Cut
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493 Sensitive only when XEmacs owns the primary X Selection (if
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494 @code{zmacs-regions} is @code{t}, this is equivalent to saying that
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495 there is a region selected).
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496 @item Copy
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497 Sensitive only when XEmacs owns the primary X Selection.
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498 @item Clear
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499 Sensitive only when XEmacs owns the primary X Selection.
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500 @item Paste
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501 Sensitive only when there is an owner for the X Clipboard Selection.
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|
502 @item Undo
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503 Sensitive only when there is undo information. While in the midst of an
|
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|
504 undo, this is changed to @samp{Undo More}.
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505 @end table
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506 @end defun
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507
|
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508 @defun buffers-menu-filter menu-items
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509 This function sets up the Buffers menu. @xref{Buffers Menu} for
|
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510 more information.
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|
|
511 @end defun
|
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512
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513 @node Pop-Up Menus
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|
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514 @section Pop-Up Menus
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515 @cindex pop-up menu
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516
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517 @defun popup-menu menu-desc
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518 This function pops up a menu specified by @var{menu-desc}, which is a
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519 menu description (@pxref{Menu Format}). The menu is displayed at the
|
|
|
520 current mouse position.
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|
|
521 @end defun
|
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|
522
|
|
|
523 @defun popup-menu-up-p
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|
|
524 This function returns @code{t} if a pop-up menu is up, @code{nil}
|
|
|
525 otherwise.
|
|
|
526 @end defun
|
|
|
527
|
|
|
528 @defvar popup-menu-titles
|
|
|
529 If true (the default), pop-up menus will have title bars at the top.
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|
|
530 @end defvar
|
|
|
531
|
|
|
532 Some machinery is provided that attempts to provide a higher-level
|
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|
533 mechanism onto pop-up menus. This only works if you do not redefine
|
|
|
534 the binding for button3.
|
|
|
535
|
|
|
536 @deffn Command popup-mode-menu
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|
|
537 This function pops up a menu of global and mode-specific commands. The
|
|
|
538 menu is computed by combining @code{global-popup-menu} and
|
|
|
539 @code{mode-popup-menu}. This is the default binding for button3.
|
|
|
540 You should generally not change this binding.
|
|
|
541 @end deffn
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
543 @defvar global-popup-menu
|
|
|
544 This holds the global popup menu. This is present in all modes.
|
|
|
545 (This is @code{nil} by default.)
|
|
|
546 @end defvar
|
|
|
547
|
|
|
548 @defvar mode-popup-menu
|
|
|
549 The mode-specific popup menu. Automatically buffer local.
|
|
|
550 This is appended to the default items in @code{global-popup-menu}.
|
|
|
551 @end defvar
|
|
|
552
|
|
|
553 @defvr Constant default-popup-menu
|
|
|
554 This holds the default value of @code{mode-popup-menu}.
|
|
|
555 @end defvr
|
|
|
556
|
|
|
557 @defvar activate-popup-menu-hook
|
|
|
558 Function or functions run before a mode-specific popup menu is made
|
|
|
559 visible. These functions are called with no arguments, and should
|
|
|
560 interrogate and modify the value of @code{global-popup-menu} or
|
|
|
561 @code{mode-popup-menu} as desired. Note: this hook is only run if you
|
|
|
562 use @code{popup-mode-menu} for activating the global and mode-specific
|
|
|
563 commands; if you have your own binding for button3, this hook won't be
|
|
|
564 run.
|
|
|
565 @end defvar
|
|
|
566
|
|
|
567 The following convenience functions are provided for displaying
|
|
|
568 pop-up menus.
|
|
|
569
|
|
|
570 @defun popup-buffer-menu event
|
|
|
571 This function pops up a copy of the @samp{Buffers} menu (from the menubar)
|
|
|
572 where the mouse is clicked.
|
|
|
573 @end defun
|
|
|
574
|
|
|
575 @defun popup-menubar-menu event
|
|
|
576 This function pops up a copy of menu that also appears in the menubar.
|
|
|
577 @end defun
|
|
|
578
|
|
|
579 @node Buffers Menu
|
|
|
580 @section Buffers Menu
|
|
|
581 @cindex buffers menu
|
|
|
582
|
|
|
583 The following options control how the @samp{Buffers} menu is displayed.
|
|
|
584 This is a list of all (or a subset of) the buffers currently in existence,
|
|
|
585 and is updated dynamically.
|
|
|
586
|
|
|
587 @defopt buffers-menu-max-size
|
|
|
588 This user option holds the maximum number of entries which may appear on
|
|
|
589 the @samp{Buffers} menu. If this is 10, then only the ten
|
|
|
590 most-recently-selected buffers will be shown. If this is @code{nil},
|
|
|
591 then all buffers will be shown. Setting this to a large number or
|
|
|
592 @code{nil} will slow down menu responsiveness.
|
|
|
593 @end defopt
|
|
|
594
|
|
|
595 @defun format-buffers-menu-line buffer
|
|
|
596 This function returns a string to represent @var{buffer} in the
|
|
|
597 @samp{Buffers} menu. @code{nil} means the buffer shouldn't be listed.
|
|
|
598 You can redefine this.
|
|
|
599 @end defun
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
601 @defopt complex-buffers-menu-p
|
|
|
602 If true, the @samp{Buffers} menu will contain several commands, as submenus
|
|
|
603 of each buffer line. If this is false, then there will be only one command:
|
|
|
604 select that buffer.
|
|
|
605 @end defopt
|
|
|
606
|
|
|
607 @defopt buffers-menu-switch-to-buffer-function
|
|
|
608 This user option holds the function to call to select a buffer from the
|
|
|
609 @samp{Buffers} menu. @code{switch-to-buffer} is a good choice, as is
|
|
|
610 @code{pop-to-buffer}.
|
|
|
611 @end defopt
|
|
|
612
|
