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1 /*
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2 * Copyright 1989 O'Reilly and Associates, Inc.
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3 * See ../Copyright for complete rights and liability information.
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4 */
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5 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
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6 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
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7 #include <X11/Xos.h>
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8 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
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9
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10 #include <stdio.h>
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11
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12 #define BITMAPDEPTH 1
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13 #define TOO_SMALL 0
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14 #define BIG_ENOUGH 1
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15
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16 /* These are used as arguments to nearly every Xlib routine, so it saves
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17 * routine arguments to declare them global. If there were
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18 * additional source files, they would be declared extern there. */
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19 Display *display;
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20 int screen_num;
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21
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22 static char *progname; /* name this program was invoked by */
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23
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24 void main(argc, argv)
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25 int argc;
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26 char **argv;
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27 {
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28 Window topwin, win, win2;
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29 unsigned int width, height; /* window size */
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30 int x, y; /* window position */
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31 unsigned int border_width = 4; /* four pixels */
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32 unsigned int display_width, display_height;
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33 char *window_name = "Basic Window Program";
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34 char *icon_name = "basicwin";
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35 XSizeHints size_hints;
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36 int count;
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37 XEvent report;
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38 GC gc;
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39 XFontStruct *font_info;
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40 char *display_name = NULL;
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41 int window_size = BIG_ENOUGH; /* or TOO_SMALL to display contents */
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42
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43 progname = argv[0];
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44
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45 /* connect to X server */
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46 if ( (display=XOpenDisplay(display_name)) == NULL )
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47 {
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48 (void) fprintf( stderr, "%s: cannot connect to X server %s\n",
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49 progname, XDisplayName(display_name));
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50 exit( -1 );
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51 }
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52
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53 /* get screen size from display structure macro */
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54 screen_num = DefaultScreen(display);
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55 display_width = DisplayWidth(display, screen_num);
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56 display_height = DisplayHeight(display, screen_num);
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57
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58 /* Note that in a real application, x and y would default to 0
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59 * but would be settable from the command line or resource database.
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60 */
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61 x = y = 0;
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62
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63 /* size window with enough room for text */
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64 width = display_width/2, height = display_height/3;
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65
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66 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
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67
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68 /* create top-level window */
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69 topwin = XCreateSimpleWindow(display, RootWindow(display,screen_num),
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70 x, y, width, 2*height, border_width,
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71 BlackPixel(display, screen_num),
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72 WhitePixel(display,screen_num));
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73
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74 /* Set size hints for window manager. The window manager may
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75 * override these settings. Note that in a real
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76 * application if size or position were set by the user
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77 * the flags would be UPosition and USize, and these would
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78 * override the window manager's preferences for this window. */
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79
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80 /* x, y, width, and height hints are now taken from
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81 * the actual settings of the window when mapped. Note
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82 * that PPosition and PSize must be specified anyway. */
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83
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84 size_hints.flags = PPosition | PSize | PMinSize;
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85 size_hints.min_width = 300;
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86 size_hints.min_height = 200;
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87
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88 {
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89 XWMHints wm_hints;
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90 XClassHint class_hints;
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91
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92 /* format of the window name and icon name
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93 * arguments has changed in R4 */
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94 XTextProperty windowName, iconName;
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95
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96 /* These calls store window_name and icon_name into
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97 * XTextProperty structures and set their other
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98 * fields properly. */
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99 if (XStringListToTextProperty(&window_name, 1, &windowName) == 0) {
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100 (void) fprintf( stderr, "%s: structure allocation for windowName failed.\n",
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101 progname);
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102 exit(-1);
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103 }
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104
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105 if (XStringListToTextProperty(&icon_name, 1, &iconName) == 0) {
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106 (void) fprintf( stderr, "%s: structure allocation for iconName failed.\n",
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107 progname);
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108 exit(-1);
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109 }
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110
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111 wm_hints.initial_state = NormalState;
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112 wm_hints.input = True;
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113 wm_hints.flags = StateHint | InputHint;
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114
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115 class_hints.res_name = progname;
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116 class_hints.res_class = "Basicwin";
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117
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118 XSetWMProperties(display, topwin, &windowName, &iconName,
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119 argv, argc, &size_hints, &wm_hints,
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120 &class_hints);
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121 }
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122
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123 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
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124
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125 /* create the window we're in charge of */
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126
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127 win = XCreateSimpleWindow(display, topwin,
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128 x, y, width, height, border_width, BlackPixel(display,
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129 screen_num), WhitePixel(display,screen_num));
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130
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131 /* Select event types wanted */
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132 XSelectInput(display, win, ExposureMask | KeyPressMask |
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133 ButtonPressMask | StructureNotifyMask);
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134
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135 load_font(&font_info);
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136
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137 /* create GC for text and drawing */
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138 getGC(win, &gc, font_info);
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139
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140 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
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141
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142 /* create the external-client window */
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143
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144 win2 = XCreateSimpleWindow(display, topwin,
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145 x, y+height, width, height, border_width,
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146 BlackPixel(display, screen_num),
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147 WhitePixel(display,screen_num));
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148 printf("external window: %d\n", win2);
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149 ExternalClientInitialize(display, win2);
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150
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151 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
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152
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153 /* Display windows */
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154 XMapWindow(display, topwin);
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155 XMapWindow(display, win);
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156 XMapWindow(display, win2);
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157
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158 /* get events, use first to display text and graphics */
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159 while (1) {
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160 XNextEvent(display, &report);
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161 if (report.xany.window == win2)
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162 ExternalClientEventHandler(display, win2, &report);
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163 else
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164 switch (report.type) {
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165 case Expose:
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166 /* unless this is the last contiguous expose,
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167 * don't draw the window */
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168 if (report.xexpose.count != 0)
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169 break;
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170
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171 /* if window too small to use */
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172 if (window_size == TOO_SMALL)
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173 TooSmall(win, gc, font_info);
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174 else {
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175 /* place text in window */
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176 draw_text(win, gc, font_info, width, height);
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177
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178 /* place graphics in window, */
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179 draw_graphics(win, gc, width, height);
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180 }
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181 break;
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182 case ConfigureNotify:
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183 /* window has been resized, change width and
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184 * height to send to draw_text and draw_graphics
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185 * in next Expose */
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186 width = report.xconfigure.width;
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187 height = report.xconfigure.height;
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188 if ((width < size_hints.min_width) ||
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189 (height < size_hints.min_height))
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190 window_size = TOO_SMALL;
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191 else
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192 window_size = BIG_ENOUGH;
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193 break;
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194 case ButtonPress:
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195 /* trickle down into KeyPress (no break) */
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196 case KeyPress:
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197 XUnloadFont(display, font_info->fid);
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198 XFreeGC(display, gc);
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199 XCloseDisplay(display);
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200 exit(1);
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201 default:
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202 /* all events selected by StructureNotifyMask
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203 * except ConfigureNotify are thrown away here,
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204 * since nothing is done with them */
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205 break;
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206 } /* end switch */
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207 } /* end while */
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208 }
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209
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210 getGC(win, gc, font_info)
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211 Window win;
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212 GC *gc;
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213 XFontStruct *font_info;
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214 {
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215 unsigned long valuemask = 0; /* ignore XGCvalues and use defaults */
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216 XGCValues values;
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217 unsigned int line_width = 6;
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218 int line_style = LineOnOffDash;
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219 int cap_style = CapRound;
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220 int join_style = JoinRound;
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221 int dash_offset = 0;
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222 static char dash_list[] = {12, 24};
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223 int list_length = 2;
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224
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225 /* Create default Graphics Context */
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226 *gc = XCreateGC(display, win, valuemask, &values);
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227
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228 /* specify font */
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229 XSetFont(display, *gc, font_info->fid);
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230
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231 /* specify black foreground since default window background is
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232 * white and default foreground is undefined. */
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233 XSetForeground(display, *gc, BlackPixel(display,screen_num));
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234
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235 /* set line attributes */
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236 XSetLineAttributes(display, *gc, line_width, line_style,
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237 cap_style, join_style);
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238
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239 /* set dashes */
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240 XSetDashes(display, *gc, dash_offset, dash_list, list_length);
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241 }
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242
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243 load_font(font_info)
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244 XFontStruct **font_info;
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245 {
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246 char *fontname = "9x15";
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247
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248 /* Load font and get font information structure. */
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249 if ((*font_info = XLoadQueryFont(display,fontname)) == NULL)
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250 {
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251 (void) fprintf( stderr, "%s: Cannot open 9x15 font\n",
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252 progname);
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253 exit( -1 );
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254 }
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255 }
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256
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257 draw_text(win, gc, font_info, win_width, win_height)
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258 Window win;
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259 GC gc;
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260 XFontStruct *font_info;
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261 unsigned int win_width, win_height;
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262 {
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263 char *string1 = "Hi! I'm a window, who are you?";
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264 char *string2 = "To terminate program; Press any key";
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265 char *string3 = "or button while in this window.";
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266 char *string4 = "Screen Dimensions:";
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267 int len1, len2, len3, len4;
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268 int width1, width2, width3;
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269 char cd_height[50], cd_width[50], cd_depth[50];
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270 int font_height;
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271 int initial_y_offset, x_offset;
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272
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273
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274 /* need length for both XTextWidth and XDrawString */
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275 len1 = strlen(string1);
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276 len2 = strlen(string2);
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277 len3 = strlen(string3);
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278
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279 /* get string widths for centering */
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280 width1 = XTextWidth(font_info, string1, len1);
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281 width2 = XTextWidth(font_info, string2, len2);
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282 width3 = XTextWidth(font_info, string3, len3);
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283
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284 font_height = font_info->ascent + font_info->descent;
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285
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286 /* output text, centered on each line */
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287 XDrawString(display, win, gc, (win_width - width1)/2,
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288 font_height,
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289 string1, len1);
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290 XDrawString(display, win, gc, (win_width - width2)/2,
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291 (int)(win_height - (2 * font_height)),
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292 string2, len2);
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293 XDrawString(display, win, gc, (win_width - width3)/2,
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294 (int)(win_height - font_height),
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295 string3, len3);
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296
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297 /* copy numbers into string variables */
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298 (void) sprintf(cd_height, " Height - %d pixels",
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299 DisplayHeight(display,screen_num));
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300 (void) sprintf(cd_width, " Width - %d pixels",
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301 DisplayWidth(display,screen_num));
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302 (void) sprintf(cd_depth, " Depth - %d plane(s)",
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303 DefaultDepth(display, screen_num));
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304
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305 /* reuse these for same purpose */
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306 len4 = strlen(string4);
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307 len1 = strlen(cd_height);
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308 len2 = strlen(cd_width);
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309 len3 = strlen(cd_depth);
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310
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311 /* To center strings vertically, we place the first string
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312 * so that the top of it is two font_heights above the center
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313 * of the window. Since the baseline of the string is what we
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314 * need to locate for XDrawString, and the baseline is one
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315 * font_info->ascent below the top of the character,
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316 * the final offset of the origin up from the center of the
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317 * window is one font_height + one descent. */
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318
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319 initial_y_offset = win_height/2 - font_height - font_info->descent;
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320 x_offset = (int) win_width/4;
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321 XDrawString(display, win, gc, x_offset, (int) initial_y_offset,
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322 string4,len4);
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323
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324 XDrawString(display, win, gc, x_offset, (int) initial_y_offset +
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325 font_height,cd_height,len1);
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326 XDrawString(display, win, gc, x_offset, (int) initial_y_offset +
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327 2 * font_height,cd_width,len2);
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328 XDrawString(display, win, gc, x_offset, (int) initial_y_offset +
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329 3 * font_height,cd_depth,len3);
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330 }
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331
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332 draw_graphics(win, gc, window_width, window_height)
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333 Window win;
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334 GC gc;
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335 unsigned int window_width, window_height;
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336 {
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337 int x, y;
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338 int width, height;
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339
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340 height = window_height/2;
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341 width = 3 * window_width/4;
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342 x = window_width/2 - width/2; /* center */
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343 y = window_height/2 - height/2;
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344 XDrawRectangle(display, win, gc, x, y, width, height);
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345 }
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346
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347 TooSmall(win, gc, font_info)
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348 Window win;
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349 GC gc;
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350 XFontStruct *font_info;
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351 {
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352 char *string1 = "Too Small";
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353 int y_offset, x_offset;
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354
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355 y_offset = font_info->ascent + 2;
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356 x_offset = 2;
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357
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358 /* output text, centered on each line */
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359 XDrawString(display, win, gc, x_offset, y_offset, string1,
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360 strlen(string1));
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361 }
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