|
428
|
1 @c -*-texinfo-*-
|
|
|
2 @c This is part of the XEmacs Lisp Reference Manual.
|
|
444
|
3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
428
|
4 @c See the file lispref.texi for copying conditions.
|
|
|
5 @setfilename ../../info/internationalization.info
|
|
442
|
6 @node Internationalization, MULE, PostgreSQL Support, top
|
|
428
|
7 @chapter Internationalization
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
9 @menu
|
|
|
10 * I18N Levels 1 and 2:: Support for different time, date, and currency formats.
|
|
|
11 * I18N Level 3:: Support for localized messages.
|
|
|
12 * I18N Level 4:: Support for Asian languages.
|
|
|
13 @end menu
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
16 @node I18N Levels 1 and 2
|
|
|
17 @section I18N Levels 1 and 2
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
19 XEmacs is now compliant with I18N levels 1 and 2. Specifically, this means
|
|
|
20 that it is 8-bit clean and correctly handles time and date functions. XEmacs
|
|
|
21 will correctly display the entire ISO-Latin 1 character set.
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
23 The compose key may now be used to create any character in the ISO-Latin 1
|
|
|
24 character set not directly available via the keyboard.. In order for the
|
|
|
25 compose key to work it is necessary to load the file @file{x-compose.el}.
|
|
|
26 At any time while composing a character, @code{C-h} will display all valid
|
|
|
27 completions and the character which would be produced.
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
30 @node I18N Level 3
|
|
|
31 @section I18N Level 3
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
33 @menu
|
|
|
34 * Level 3 Basics::
|
|
|
35 * Level 3 Primitives::
|
|
|
36 * Dynamic Messaging::
|
|
|
37 * Domain Specification::
|
|
|
38 @end menu
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
40 @node Level 3 Basics
|
|
|
41 @subsection Level 3 Basics
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
43 XEmacs now provides alpha-level functionality for I18N Level 3. This means
|
|
|
44 that everything necessary for full messaging is available, but not every
|
|
|
45 file has been converted.
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
47 The two message files which have been created are @file{src/emacs.po} and
|
|
|
48 @file{lisp/packages/mh-e.po}. Both files need to be converted using
|
|
|
49 @code{msgfmt}, and the resulting @file{.mo} files placed in some locale's
|
|
|
50 @code{LC_MESSAGES} directory. The test ``translations'' in these files are
|
|
|
51 the original messages prefixed by @code{TRNSLT_}.
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
53 The domain for a variable is stored on the variable's property list under
|
|
|
54 the property name @var{variable-domain}. The function
|
|
|
55 @code{documentation-property} uses this information when translating a
|
|
|
56 variable's documentation.
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
59 @node Level 3 Primitives
|
|
|
60 @subsection Level 3 Primitives
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
62 @defun gettext string
|
|
|
63 This function looks up @var{string} in the default message domain and
|
|
|
64 returns its translation. If @code{I18N3} was not enabled when XEmacs was
|
|
|
65 compiled, it just returns @var{string}.
|
|
|
66 @end defun
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
68 @defun dgettext domain string
|
|
|
69 This function looks up @var{string} in the specified message domain and
|
|
|
70 returns its translation. If @code{I18N3} was not enabled when XEmacs was
|
|
|
71 compiled, it just returns @var{string}.
|
|
|
72 @end defun
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
74 @defun bind-text-domain domain pathname
|
|
|
75 This function associates a pathname with a message domain.
|
|
|
76 Here's how the path to message file is constructed under SunOS 5.x:
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
78 @example
|
|
|
79 @code{@{pathname@}/@{LANG@}/LC_MESSAGES/@{domain@}.mo}
|
|
|
80 @end example
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
82 If @code{I18N3} was not enabled when XEmacs was compiled, this function does
|
|
|
83 nothing.
|
|
|
84 @end defun
|
|
|
85
|
|
|
86 @defspec domain string
|
|
|
87 This function specifies the text domain used for translating documentation
|
|
|
88 strings and interactive prompts of a function. For example, write:
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
90 @example
|
|
|
91 (defun foo (arg) "Doc string" (domain "emacs-foo") @dots{})
|
|
|
92 @end example
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
94 to specify @code{emacs-foo} as the text domain of the function @code{foo}.
|
|
|
95 The ``call'' to @code{domain} is actually a declaration rather than a
|
|
|
96 function; when actually called, @code{domain} just returns @code{nil}.
|
|
|
97 @end defspec
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
99 @defun domain-of function
|
|
|
100 This function returns the text domain of @var{function}; it returns
|
|
|
101 @code{nil} if it is the default domain. If @code{I18N3} was not enabled
|
|
|
102 when XEmacs was compiled, it always returns @code{nil}.
|
|
|
103 @end defun
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
106 @node Dynamic Messaging
|
|
|
107 @subsection Dynamic Messaging
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
109 The @code{format} function has been extended to permit you to change the
|
|
|
110 order of parameter insertion. For example, the conversion format
|
|
|
111 @code{%1$s} inserts parameter one as a string, while @code{%2$s} inserts
|
|
|
112 parameter two. This is useful when creating translations which require you
|
|
|
113 to change the word order.
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
116 @node Domain Specification
|
|
|
117 @subsection Domain Specification
|
|
|
118
|
|
|
119 The default message domain of XEmacs is `emacs'. For add-on packages, it is
|
|
|
120 best to use a different domain. For example, let us say we want to convert
|
|
|
121 the ``gorilla'' package to use the domain `emacs-gorilla'.
|
|
|
122 To translate the message ``What gorilla?'', use @code{dgettext} as follows:
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
124 @example
|
|
|
125 (dgettext "emacs-gorilla" "What gorilla?")
|
|
|
126 @end example
|
|
|
127
|
|
|
128 A function (or macro) which has a documentation string or an interactive
|
|
|
129 prompt needs to be associated with the domain in order for the documentation
|
|
|
130 or prompt to be translated. This is done with the @code{domain} special
|
|
|
131 form as follows:
|
|
|
132
|
|
|
133 @page
|
|
|
134 @example
|
|
|
135 (defun scratch (location)
|
|
|
136 "Scratch the specified location."
|
|
|
137 (domain "emacs-gorilla")
|
|
|
138 (interactive "sScratch: ")
|
|
|
139 @dots{} )
|
|
|
140 @end example
|
|
|
141
|
|
|
142 It is most efficient to specify the domain in the first line of the
|
|
|
143 function body, before the @code{interactive} form.
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
145 For variables and constants which have documentation strings, specify the
|
|
|
146 domain after the documentation.
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
148 @defspec defvar symbol [value [doc-string [domain]]]
|
|
|
149 Example:
|
|
|
150 @example
|
|
|
151 (defvar weight 250 "Weight of gorilla, in pounds." "emacs-gorilla")
|
|
|
152 @end example
|
|
|
153 @end defspec
|
|
|
154
|
|
|
155 @defspec defconst symbol [value [doc-string [domain]]]
|
|
|
156 Example:
|
|
|
157 @example
|
|
|
158 (defconst limbs 4 "Number of limbs" "emacs-gorilla")
|
|
|
159 @end example
|
|
|
160 @end defspec
|
|
|
161
|
|
444
|
162 @defun autoload function filename &optional docstring interactive type
|
|
|
163 This function defines @var{function} to autoload from @var{filename}
|
|
428
|
164 Example:
|
|
|
165 @example
|
|
|
166 (autoload 'explore "jungle" "Explore the jungle." nil nil "emacs-gorilla")
|
|
|
167 @end example
|
|
|
168 @end defun
|
|
|
169
|
|
|
170 @node I18N Level 4
|
|
|
171 @section I18N Level 4
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
173 The Asian-language support in XEmacs is called ``MULE''. @xref{MULE}.
|
