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2 @setfilename w3.info
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3 @settitle Emacs-W3 User's Manual
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4 @iftex
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5 @finalout
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6 @end iftex
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7 @c @setchapternewpage odd
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8 @c @smallbook
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9 @tex
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10 \overfullrule=0pt
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11 %\global\baselineskip 30pt % for printing in double space
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12 @end tex
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13 @synindex cp fn
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14 @synindex vr fn
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82
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15 @dircategory World Wide Web
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16 @dircategory GNU Emacs Lisp
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17 @direntry
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18 * W3: (w3). Emacs-W3 World Wide Web browser.
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19 @end direntry
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20 @ifinfo
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21 This file documents the Emacs-W3 World Wide Web browser.
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22
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23 Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 William M. Perry
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24 Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation
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25
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26 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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27 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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28 are preserved on all copies.
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29
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30 @ignore
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31 Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the
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32 results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
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33 notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
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34 (this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
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35
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36 @end ignore
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37 @end ifinfo
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38 @c
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39 @titlepage
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40 @sp 6
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41 @center @titlefont{Emacs-W3}
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42 @center @titlefont{User's Manual}
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43 @sp 4
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44 @center Third Edition, Emacs-W3 Version 3.0
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45 @sp 1
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46 @center December 1996
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47 @sp 5
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48 @center William M. Perry
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49 @center @i{wmperry@@cs.indiana.edu}
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50 @page
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51 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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52 Copyright @copyright{} 1993, 1994, 1995 William M. Perry@*
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53 Copyright @copyright{} 1996 Free Software Foundation
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54
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55 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of@*
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56 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice@*
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57 are preserved on all copies.
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58
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59 @end titlepage
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60 @page
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61 @ifinfo
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70
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62 @node Top, Introduction,, (DIR)
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63 This manual documents the Emacs-W3 World Wide Web browser, a Lisp program
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64 which runs as a subsystem under Emacs. The manual is divided into the
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65 following chapters.
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66
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67 @menu
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68 * Introduction:: Overview of Emacs-W3.
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69 * Getting Started:: Getting up and running with Emacs-W3
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70
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70 * Basic Usage:: Basic movement and usage of Emacs-W3.
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71 * Compatibility:: Explanation of compatibility with
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72 other web browsers.
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73 * Controlling Formatting:: How to control HTML formatting
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74 * MIME Support:: Support for MIME
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75 * Security:: Various forms of security
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76 * Non-Unix Operating Systems:: Special considerations necessary to get
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77 up and running correctly under non-unix
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78 OS's.
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79 * Advanced Features:: Some of the more arcane features.
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80 * More Help:: How to get more help---mailing lists,
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81 newsgroups, etc.
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82 * Future Directions:: Plans for future revisions
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83
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84 Appendices:
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70
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85 * Reporting Bugs:: How to report a bug in Emacs-W3
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86 * Installing SSL:: Turning on SSL support
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87 * Using PGP/PEM:: Turning on PGP/PEM encryption support
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88 * Mailcap Files:: An explanation of Mailcap files
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89
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90 Indices:
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91 * General Index:: General Index
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92 * Key Index:: Menus of command keys and their references
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93 @end menu
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94 @end ifinfo
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95
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96 @node Introduction, Getting Started, Top, Top
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97 @chapter Introduction
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98 @cindex World Wide Web
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99
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100 :: WORK :: Basic info on what Emacs-W3 is, including copyrights, etc.
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101
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102 @ifinfo
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103 Here is some more specific information about what languages and
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104 protocols Emacs-W3 supports.
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105 @menu
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106 * Markup Languages Supported:: Markup languages supported by Emacs-W3
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107 * Stylesheets:: Stylesheet languages supported by Emacs-W3
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108 * Supported Protocols:: Network protocols supported by Emacs-W3
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109 @end menu
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110 @end ifinfo
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80
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111 @node Markup Languages Supported, Stylesheets, Introduction, Introduction
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112 @chapter Supported Markup Languages
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113 Several different markup languages, and various extensions to those
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114 languages, are supported by Emacs-W3.
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115 @ifinfo
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116 @center ----------
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117 @center HTML 2.0
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118 @center ----------
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119 @end ifinfo
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120 @iftex
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121 @section HTML 2.0
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122 @end iftex
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123 @cindex HTML 2.0
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124
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125 :: WORK :: Reference to the HTML 2.0 RFC
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126 :: WORK :: Basic explanation of HTML, tag structure, etc.
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127
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128 @ifinfo
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129 @center ----------
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130 @center HTML 3.2
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131 @center ----------
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132 @end ifinfo
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133 @iftex
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134 @section HTML 3.2
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135 @end iftex
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136 @cindex HTML 3.2
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137 The HTML 3.2 language is an extension of HTML, with a large degree of
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138 backward compatibility with HTML 2.0. This basically documents current
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139 practice as of January, 1996.
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140
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141 @ifinfo
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142 @center ----------
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143 @center SGML Features
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144 @center ----------
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145 @end ifinfo
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146 @iftex
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147 @section SGML Features
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148 @end iftex
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149 @cindex SGML Features
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150 @cindex Entity Definitions
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151 @cindex Marked Sections
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152
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153 :: WORK :: Document marked sections, SGML features
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154
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155 @ifinfo
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156 @center ----------
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157 @center Extras
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158 @center ----------
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159 @end ifinfo
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160 @iftex
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161 @section Extra Markup
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162 @end iftex
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163 @cindex Easter Eggs
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164 @cindex Fluff
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165 @cindex Pomp & Circumstance
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166 There are several different markup elements that are not officially part
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167 of HTML or HTML 3.2 that Emacs-W3 supports. These are either items that
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168 were dropped from HTML 3.@var{x} after I had implemented them, things I
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169 find just completely hilarious, or experimental parts of HTML that
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170 should not be counted as "official" or long lived.
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70
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171 @itemize @bullet
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172 @item
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173 FLAME support. For truly interesting dynamic documents. This is
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174 replaced with a random quote from Mr. Angry (see @kbd{M-x flame} for a
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175 sample).
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176 @item
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177 The top ten tags that did not make it into netscape. These tags were
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178 posted to the newsgroup comp.infosystems.www.misc by Laura Lemay
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179 (@i{lemay@@netcom.com}). Much thanks to her for the humor.
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180 @table @b
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181 @item <wired>...</wired>
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182 Renders the enclosed text in a suitably ugly font/color combination. If
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183 no default has been set up by the user, this is the default font, with
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184 red text on a yellow background.
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185 @item <roach>...</roach>
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186 When selected, the enclosed text runs and hides under the nearest
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187 window. OR, giggles a lot and demands nachos, depending on the
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188 definition of "roach." (the formal definition, of course, to be
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189 determined by the Official Honorary Internet Standards Committee For
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190 Moving Really Slowly.)
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191 @item <pinhead>
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192 Inserts "zippyisms" into the enclosed text. Perfect for those professional
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193 documents. This is sure to be a favorite of mine!
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194 @item <secret>...</secret>
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195 Must use secret spy decoder glasses (available direct from Netscape for
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196 a reasonable fee) in order to read the enclosed text. Can also be read
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197 by holding the computer in front of a full moon during the autumn
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198 solstice.
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199
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200 In Emacs-W3, this displays the text using rot13 encoding.
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201 @item <hype>
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202 Causes Marc Andreesen to magically appear and grant an interview (wanted
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203 or not). Please use this tag sparingly.
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204 @item <peek>....</peek>
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205 @item <poke>...</poke>
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206 Need more control over screen layout in HTML? Well, here ya go.
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207 n
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208 Actually, <peek> could almost be considered useful. The VARIABLE
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209 attribute can be used to insert the value of an emacs variable into the
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210 current document. Things like 'Welcome to my page, <peek
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211 variable=user-mail-address>' can be useful in spreading fear,
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212 uncertainty, and doubt among users.
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213 @item <yogsothoth>
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214 @cindex Gates Bill
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215 @cindex Yogsothoth
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216 Summons the elder gods to suck away your immortal soul. Or Bill Gates,
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217 if the elder gods are busy. Unpredictable (but amusing) results occur
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218 when the <YOGSOTHOTH> and <HYPE> tags are used in close proximity.
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219
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220 @item <blink>...</blink>
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221 Causes the enclosed text to .... ooops that one made it in.
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222 @end table
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223 @end itemize
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224
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225 @node Stylesheets, Supported Protocols, Markup Languages Supported,Introduction
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226 @chapter Stylesheets
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227 @cindex Stylesheets
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228 @cindex Cascading Style Sheets
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82
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229 @cindex Aural Cascading Style Sheets
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80
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230 @cindex CSS
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231 @cindex DSSSL
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232 :: WORK :: Document CSS support
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233 CSS Information at http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR/REC-CSS1
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234 Style guide at http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/css/
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235 :: WORK :: Document ACSS support
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236 ACSS Information at http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/Style/CSS/Speech/NOTE-ACSS
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237 :: WORK :: Document DSSSL support
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238
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239 @node Supported Protocols, , Stylesheets, Introduction
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240 @chapter Supported Protocols
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241 @cindex Network Protocols
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242 @cindex Protocols Supported
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243 @cindex Supported Protocols
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244 Emacs-W3 supports the following protocols
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245 @table @b
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246 @item Usenet News
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247 Can either display an entire newsgroup or specific articles by
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248 Message-ID: header. Instead of rewriting a newsreader, this integrates
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249 with the Gnus newsreader. It requires at least Gnus 5.0, but it is
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250 always safest to use the latest version. Gnus supports some very
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251 advanced features, including virtual newsgroups, mail and news
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252 integration, and reading news from multiple servers. @inforef{Gnus,
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253 Top,gnus}, for more info.
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32
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254
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255 To be more in line with the other URL schemes, the hostname and port of
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256 an NNTP server can be specified. URLs of the form
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257 news://hostname:port/messageID work, but might not work in some other
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258 browsers.
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259
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260 @item HTTP
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261 Supports the HTTP/0.9, HTTP/1.0, and parts of the HTTP/1.1 protocols.
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262 @item Gopher
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263 Support for all gopher types, including CSO queries.
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264 @item Gopher+
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265 Support for Gopher+ retrievals. Support for converting ASK blocks into
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266 HTML 3.0 FORMS and submitting them back to the server.
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267 @item FTP
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268 FTP is handled by either ange-ftp or efs.
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80
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269 @inforef{Ange-FTP,Top,ange-ftp}, for more information on Ange-FTP, or
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270 @inforef{EFS, Top,efs}, for information on EFS.
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70
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271 @item Local files
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272 Local files are of course handled, and MIME content-types are derived
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273 from the file extensions.
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274 @item telnet, tn3270, rlogin
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275 Telnet, tn3270, and rogin are handled by running the appropriate program
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276 in an emacs buffer, or running an external process.
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82
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277 @item mailto
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278 Causes a mail message to be started to a specific address. Supports the
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279 Netscape @i{extensions} to specify arbitrary headers on the message.
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82
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280 @item data
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281 A quick and easy way to `inline' small pieces of information that you do
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282 not necessarily want to download over the net separately. Can speed up
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283 display of small icons, stylesheet information, etc. See the internet
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284 draft draft-masinter-url-data-02.txt for more information.
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285 @item mailserver
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286 A more powerful version of mailto, which allows the author to specify
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287 the subject and body text of the mail message. This type of link is
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288 never fully executed without user confirmation, because it is possible
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289 to insert insulting or threatening (and possibly illegal) data into the
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290 message. The mail message is displayed, and the user must confirm the
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291 message before it is sent.
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82
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292 @item x-exec
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293 A URL can cause a local executable to be run, and its output interpreted
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294 as if it had come from an HTTP server. This is very useful, but is
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295 still an experimental protocol, hence the X- prefix. This URL protocol
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296 is deprecated, but might be useful in the future.
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297 @item NFS
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298 Retrieves information over NFS. This requires that your operating
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299 system support auto-mounting of NFS volumes.
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82
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300 @item finger
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301 Retrieves information about a user via the 'finger' protocol.
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302 @item Info
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303 Creates a link to an GNU-style info file. @inforef{Info,Top,info}, for more
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304 information on the Info format.
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305 @item SSL
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306 SSL requires a set of patches to the Emacs C code and SSLRef 2.0, or an
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307 external program to run in a subprocess (similar to the @file{tcp.el}
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308 package that comes with GNUS. @xref{Installing SSL}
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309 @end table
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310
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311 @node Getting Started, Getting Emacs, Introduction, Top
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312 @chapter Getting Started
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313 @cindex Clueless in Seattle
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314 @cindex Getting Started
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70
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315 This section of the manual deals with getting, compiling, and
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316 configuring @i{Emacs-W3}.
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317 :: WORK :: Introduction to 'Getting Started'
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318
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319 @ifinfo
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320 @menu
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321 * Getting Emacs:: Where to get Emacs
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322 * Getting Emacs-W3:: Where to get Emacs-W3
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323 * Basic Setup:: Basic setup that most people want to do
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324 * Firewalls:: Integrating Emacs-W3 with a firewall setup.
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325 * Proxy Gateways:: Using a proxy server
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326 @end menu
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327 @end ifinfo
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328
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329 @node Getting Emacs, Getting Emacs-W3, Getting Started, Getting Started
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330 @section Getting Emacs
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331 @cindex Getting Emacs
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332 @cindex Source code availability
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333 :: WORK :: Explanation of Emacs, XEmacs, and where to get both
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334
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335 @node Getting Emacs-W3, Basic Setup, Getting Emacs, Getting Started
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336 @section Getting Emacs-W3
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337 @cindex FTP'in the distribution
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338 @cindex Source code availability
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339 :: WORK :: Explanation of Emacs, XEmacs, and where to get both
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340
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341 @node Basic Setup, Firewalls, Getting Emacs-W3, Getting Started
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342 @section Basic Setup
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343 For most people, Emacs-W3 will be ready to run straight out of the box.
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344 Once the user is more familiar with the web and how it integrates with
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345 Emacs, there are a few basic configuration variables that most people
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346 will want to personalize.
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347
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348 @table @code
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349 @item w3-default-homepage
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350 @vindex w3-default-homepage
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351 The URL to open at startup. This defaults to the environment variable
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352 WWW_HOME if it is not set it in the users @file{.emacs} file. If
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353 WWW_HOME is undefined, then it defaults to the hypertext documentation
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354 for Emacs-W3.
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355
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356 @item w3-delay-image-loads
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357 @vindex w3-delay-image-loads
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358 Controls the loading of inlined images. If non-@code{nil}, images are
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359 not loaded. If the correct image converters are not installed or the
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360 network connection is very slow, it is best to set this to @code{t}.
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361 Defaults to @code{nil}.
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362 @item url-global-history-file
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363 @vindex url-global-history-file
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364 The global history file used by both Mosaic/X and Emacs-W3. This file
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365 contains a list of all the URLs that have been visited. This file is parsed
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366 at startup and used to provide URL completion. Emacs-W3 can read and
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367 write Mosaic/X or Netscape 1.x style history files, or use its own
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368 internal format (faster). The file type is determined automatically, or
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369 prompted for if the file does not exist.
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370 @item w3-hotlist-file
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371 @vindex w3-hotlist-file
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372 Hotlist filename. This should be the name of a file that is stored in
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373 NCSA's Mosaic/X or Netscape's format. It is used to keep a listing of
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374 commonly accessed URLs.
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375 @item w3-personal-annotation-directory
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|
376 @vindex w3-personal-annotation-directory
|
|
|
377 The directory where Emacs-W3 looks for personal annotations. This is a
|
|
|
378 directory that should hold the personal annotations stored in a
|
|
|
379 Mosaic/X-compatible format.
|
|
|
380 @item url-pgp/pem-entity
|
|
|
381 @findex user-real-login-name
|
|
|
382 @findex system-name
|
|
|
383 The name by which the user is known to PGP and/or PEM entities. If this
|
|
|
384 is not set when Emacs-W3 is loaded, it defaults to
|
|
|
385 @code{user-mail-address} if it is set, otherwise @code{(user-real-login-name)}@@@code{(system-name)}.
|
|
|
386 @item url-personal-mail-address
|
|
|
387 @vindex url-personal-mail-address
|
|
|
388 @vindex url-pgp/pem-entity
|
|
|
389 User's full email address. This is what is sent to HTTP/1.0 servers as
|
|
|
390 the FROM header. If this is not set when Emacs-W3 is loaded, then it
|
|
|
391 defaults to the value of @code{url-pgp/pem-entity}.
|
|
26
|
392
|
|
70
|
393 @item w3-right-border
|
|
|
394 @vindex w3-right-border
|
|
|
395 @findex window-width
|
|
|
396 Amount of space to leave on right margin of WWW buffers. This amount is
|
|
|
397 subtracted from the width of the window for each new WWW buffer and used
|
|
|
398 as the new @code{fill-column}.
|
|
20
|
399
|
|
70
|
400 @item w3-track-mouse
|
|
|
401 @vindex w3-track-mouse
|
|
|
402 Controls whether to track the mouse and message the url under the mouse.
|
|
|
403 If this is non-@code{nil}, then a description of the hypertext area
|
|
|
404 under the mouse is shown in the minibuffer. This shows what type of
|
|
|
405 link (inlined image, form entry area, delayed image, delayed MPEG, or
|
|
|
406 hypertext reference) is under the cursor, and the destination.
|
|
|
407 @item w3-echo-link
|
|
|
408 @vindex w3-echo-link
|
|
|
409 Controls how a URL is shown when a link is reached with @key{f},
|
|
|
410 @key{b}, or the mouse moves over it. Possible values are:
|
|
|
411 @table @b
|
|
|
412 @item url
|
|
|
413 Displays the URL (ie: @samp{http://www.cs.indiana.edu/}).
|
|
|
414 @item text
|
|
|
415 Displays the text of the link (ie: @samp{A link to Indiana University}).
|
|
80
|
416 @item title
|
|
|
417 Displays the title of the link, if any, otherwise behaves the same as @code{url}.
|
|
70
|
418 @item nil
|
|
|
419 Show nothing.
|
|
|
420 @end table
|
|
|
421 @item w3-use-forms-index
|
|
|
422 @vindex w3-use-forms-index
|
|
|
423 @cindex ISINDEX handling
|
|
|
424 @cindex Forms based searching
|
|
|
425 @cindex Searching with forms
|
|
|
426 Non-@code{nil} means translate <ISINDEX> tags into a hypertext form. A
|
|
|
427 single text entry box is shown where the ISINDEX tag appears.
|
|
|
428 @item url-use-hypertext-gopher
|
|
|
429 @vindex url-use-hypertext-gopher
|
|
|
430 @cindex Gopher+
|
|
|
431 Controls how gopher documents are retrieved. If non-@code{nil}, the
|
|
|
432 gopher pages are converted into HTML and parsed just like any other
|
|
|
433 page. If @code{nil}, the requests are passed off to the
|
|
|
434 @file{gopher.el} package by Scott Snyder. Using the @file{gopher.el}
|
|
|
435 package loses the gopher+ support, and inlined searching.
|
|
|
436 @item url-xterm-command
|
|
|
437 @vindex url-xterm-command
|
|
|
438 Command used to start a windowed shell, similar to an xterm. This
|
|
|
439 string is passed through @code{format}, and should expect four strings:
|
|
|
440 the title of the window, the program name to execute, and the server and
|
|
|
441 port number. The default is for xterm, which is very UNIX and
|
|
|
442 XWindows-centric.
|
|
|
443 @end table
|
|
80
|
444 @node Firewalls, Proxy Gateways, Basic Setup, Getting Started
|
|
70
|
445 @section Firewalls
|
|
|
446 @cindex Gateways
|
|
|
447 There are several different reasons why the gateway support might be
|
|
|
448 required.
|
|
|
449 @enumerate
|
|
|
450 @cindex Firewalls
|
|
|
451 @item
|
|
|
452 Stuck behind a firewall. This is usually the case at large corporations
|
|
|
453 with paranoid system-administrators.
|
|
0
|
454
|
|
70
|
455 @cindex TERM
|
|
|
456 @item
|
|
|
457 Using TERM @footnote{TERM is a user-level protocol for emulating IP over
|
|
|
458 a serial line. More information is available at
|
|
|
459 ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/comm/term} for slip-like access to
|
|
|
460 the internet.
|
|
26
|
461
|
|
70
|
462 NOTE: XEmacs and Emacs 19.22 or later have patches to enable native TERM
|
|
|
463 networking. To enable it, #define TERM in the appropriate s/*.h file
|
|
|
464 for the operating system, then change the SYSTEM_LIBS define to include
|
|
|
465 the @file{termnet} library that comes with the latest versions of TERM.
|
|
|
466
|
|
|
467 @item
|
|
|
468 @cindex Faulty hostname resolvers
|
|
|
469 @cindex Broken SUN libc
|
|
|
470 @cindex Can't resolve hostnames
|
|
|
471 Emacs cannot resolve hostnames. This happens quite often on Sun
|
|
|
472 workstations and some ULTRIX machines. Some C libraries do not include
|
|
|
473 the hostname resolver routines in their static libraries. If Emacs was
|
|
|
474 linked statically, this means it won't be able to get to any machines
|
|
|
475 off the local network. This is characterized by being able to reach
|
|
|
476 someplace with a raw ip number, but not its hostname
|
|
|
477 (http://129.79.254.191/ works, but http://www.cs.indiana.edu/ doesn't).
|
|
|
478
|
|
|
479 If for some reason it is not feasible to recompile Emacs with the
|
|
|
480 @file{-lresolv} library or dynamic linking, it is just like being behind
|
|
|
481 a firewall. Another alternative is to set the variable
|
|
|
482 @code{url-broken-resolution} - this will use the support in ange-ftp or
|
|
|
483 EFS to use @file{nslookup} in a subprocess to do all hostname resolving.
|
|
|
484 See the variables @code{efs-nslookup-program},
|
|
|
485 @code{efs-nslookup-on-connect}, and @code{efs-nslookup-threshold} if are
|
|
|
486 using EFS, or @code{ange-ftp-nslookup-program} if using Ange-FTP.
|
|
|
487
|
|
|
488 @end enumerate
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
490 @vindex url-gateway-local-host-regexp
|
|
|
491 Emacs-W3 has support for using the gateway mechanism for certain
|
|
|
492 domains, and directly connecting to others. To use this, change the
|
|
|
493 value of @code{url-gateway-local-host-regexp}. This should be a regular
|
|
|
494 expression @footnote{Please see the full Emacs distribution for a
|
|
|
495 description of regular expressions} that matches local hosts that do not
|
|
|
496 require the use of a gateway. If @code{nil}, then all connections are
|
|
|
497 made through the gateway.
|
|
|
498
|
|
20
|
499
|
|
70
|
500 @vindex url-gateway-method
|
|
|
501 Emacs-W3 supports several methods of getting around gateways. The variable
|
|
|
502 @code{url-gateway-method} controls which of these methods is used. This
|
|
|
503 variable can have several values (use these as symbol names, not
|
|
|
504 strings):
|
|
|
505 @table @dfn
|
|
|
506 @item program
|
|
|
507 Run a program in a subprocess to connect to remote hosts (examples are
|
|
|
508 @i{itelnet}@footnote{Itelnet is a standard name for a telnet executable
|
|
|
509 that is capable of escaping the firewall. Check with system
|
|
|
510 administrators to see if anything similar is available}, an
|
|
|
511 @i{expect}@footnote{Expect is a scripting language that allows control
|
|
|
512 of interactive programs (like telnet) very easily. It is available from
|
|
|
513 gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/GNU/expect-3.24.0.tar.gz} script, etc.).
|
|
|
514
|
|
|
515 @item tcp
|
|
|
516 Masanobu UMEDA (@i{umerin@@mse.kyutech.ac.jp}) has written a very nice
|
|
|
517 replacement for the standard networking in Emacs. This does basically
|
|
|
518 the same thing that a method of @code{program} does, but is slightly
|
|
|
519 more transparent to the user.
|
|
|
520 @item native
|
|
|
521 This means that Emacs-W3 should use the builtin networking code of Emacs.
|
|
|
522 This should be used only if there is no firewall, or the Emacs source
|
|
|
523 has already been hacked to get around the firewall.
|
|
|
524 @end table
|
|
80
|
525 One of these needs a bit more explanation than that:
|
|
70
|
526 @vindex url-gateway-telnet-ready-regexp
|
|
|
527 @vindex url-gateway-telnet-program
|
|
|
528 When running a program in a subprocess to emulate a network connection,
|
|
|
529 a few extra variables need to be set. The variable
|
|
|
530 @code{url-gateway-telnet-program} should point to an executable that
|
|
|
531 accepts a hostname and port # as its arguments, and passes standard
|
|
|
532 input to the remote host. This can be either the full path to the
|
|
|
533 executable or just the basename. The variable
|
|
|
534 @code{url-gateway-telnet-ready-regexp} controls how long Emacs-W3 should
|
|
|
535 wait after spawning the subprocess to start sending to its standard
|
|
|
536 input. This gets around a bug where telnet would miss the beginning of
|
|
|
537 requests becausse it did not buffer its input before opening a
|
|
|
538 connection. This should be a regular expression to watch for that
|
|
|
539 signifies the end of the setup of @code{url-gateway-telnet-program}.
|
|
|
540 The default should work fine for telnet.
|
|
|
541
|
|
|
542 Emacs-W3 should now be able to get outside the local network. If none
|
|
|
543 of this makes sense, its probably my fault. Please check with the
|
|
|
544 network administrators to see if they have a program that does most of
|
|
|
545 this already, since somebody somewhere at the company has probably been
|
|
|
546 through something similar to this before, and would be much more
|
|
|
547 helpful/knowledgeable about the local setup than I would be. But feel
|
|
|
548 free to mail me as a last resort.
|
|
20
|
549
|
|
80
|
550 @node Proxy Gateways, Basic Usage, Firewalls, Getting Started
|
|
70
|
551 @section Proxy Gateways
|
|
|
552 @vindex url-proxy-services
|
|
|
553 @cindex Proxy Servers
|
|
|
554 @cindex Proxies
|
|
|
555 @cindex Proxies, environment variables
|
|
|
556 @cindex HTTP Proxy
|
|
|
557 In late January 1993, Kevin Altis and Lou Montulli proposed and
|
|
|
558 implemented a new proxy service. This service requires the use of
|
|
|
559 environment variables to specify a gateway server/port # to send
|
|
|
560 protocol requests to. Each protocol (HTTP, WAIS, gopher, FTP, etc.@:)
|
|
|
561 can have a different gateway server. The environment variables are
|
|
|
562 @var{PROTOCOL}_proxy, where @var{PROTOCOL} is one of the supported
|
|
|
563 network protocols (gopher, file, HTTP, FTP, etc.)
|
|
|
564
|
|
|
565 @cindex No Proxy
|
|
|
566 @cindex Proxies, exclusion lists
|
|
|
567 @vindex NO_PROXY
|
|
|
568 For companies with internal intranets, it will usually be helpful to
|
|
|
569 define a list of hosts that should be contacted directly, @b{not} sent
|
|
|
570 through the proxy. The @var{NO_PROXY} environment variable controls
|
|
|
571 what hosts are able to be contacted directly. This should be a comma
|
|
|
572 separated list of hostnames, domain names, or a mixture of both.
|
|
|
573 Asterisks can be used as a wildcard. For example:
|
|
|
574
|
|
|
575 @example
|
|
|
576 NO_PROXY=*.aventail.com,home.com,*.seanet.com
|
|
|
577 @end example
|
|
|
578
|
|
|
579 tells Emacs-W3 to contact all machines in the @b{aventail.com} and
|
|
|
580 @b{seanet.com} domains directly, as well as the machine named
|
|
|
581 @b{home.com}.
|
|
|
582
|
|
|
583 @vindex url-proxy-services
|
|
|
584 @cindex Proxies, setting from lisp
|
|
|
585 For those adventurous souls who enjoy writing regular expressions, all
|
|
|
586 the proxy settings can be manipulated from Emacs-Lisp. The variable
|
|
|
587 @code{url-proxy-services} controls this. This is an assoc list, keyed
|
|
|
588 on the protocol type (http, gopher, etc) in all lowercase. The
|
|
|
589 @code{cdr} of each entry should be the fully-specified URL of the proxy
|
|
|
590 server to contact, or, in the case of the special "no_proxy" entry, a
|
|
|
591 regular expression that matches any hostnames that should be contacted
|
|
|
592 directly.
|
|
|
593
|
|
|
594 @example
|
|
|
595 (setq url-proxy-services '(("http" . "http://proxy.aventail.com/")
|
|
|
596 ("no_proxy" . "^.*\\(aventail\\|seanet\\)\.com")))
|
|
|
597 @end example
|
|
|
598
|
|
|
599 @node Basic Usage, , Proxy Gateways, Top
|
|
0
|
600 @chapter Basic Usage
|
|
70
|
601 Emacs-W3 is similar to the Info package all Emacs users hold near and dear to
|
|
|
602 their hearts (@xref{Top,,Info,info, The Info Manual}, for a description
|
|
|
603 of Info). Basically, @kbd{space} and @kbd{backspace} control scrolling,
|
|
|
604 and @kbd{return} or @kbd{mouse2} follows a hypertext link. The @kbd{f}
|
|
|
605 and @kbd{b} keys maneuver around the various links on the page.
|
|
|
606
|
|
|
607 @b{NOTE:} To enter data into a form entry area, select it using
|
|
|
608 @kbd{return} or the middle mouse button, just like a hypertext link.
|
|
0
|
609
|
|
80
|
610 By default, hypertext links are surrounded by '[[' and ']]' on
|
|
|
611 non-graphic terminals (VT100, DOS window, etc.). On a graphics
|
|
|
612 terminal, the links are in shown in different colors. @xref{Controlling
|
|
|
613 Formatting} for information on how to change this, or for help on
|
|
|
614 getting the highlighting to work on graphics terminals.
|
|
0
|
615
|
|
70
|
616 There are approximately 50 keys bound to special Emacs-W3 functions.
|
|
|
617 The basic rule of thumb regarding keybindings in Emacs-W3 is that a
|
|
0
|
618 lowercase key takes an action on the @b{current document}, and an
|
|
|
619 uppercase key takes an action on the document pointed to by the
|
|
|
620 hypertext link @b{under the cursor}.
|
|
|
621
|
|
|
622 There are several areas that the keybindings fall into: movement,
|
|
|
623 information, action, and miscellaneous.
|
|
|
624
|
|
70
|
625 @ifinfo
|
|
0
|
626 @menu
|
|
70
|
627 * Movement:: Moving around in a Emacs-W3 buffer
|
|
|
628 * Information:: Getting information about the Emacs-W3 document being
|
|
|
629 viewed, and/or links within that document.
|
|
|
630 * Action:: Taking actions in a Emacs-W3 buffer (following links,
|
|
|
631 printing, etc.)
|
|
|
632 * Miscellaneous:: Miscellaneous keybindings
|
|
0
|
633 @end menu
|
|
70
|
634 @end ifinfo
|
|
0
|
635 @node Movement, Information, Basic Usage, Basic Usage
|
|
|
636 @section Movement
|
|
70
|
637 :: WORK :: Document the 'h' and 'a' keymaps
|
|
0
|
638 @table @kbd
|
|
70
|
639 @findex scroll-up
|
|
|
640 @kindex SPC
|
|
|
641 @item SPC
|
|
0
|
642 Scroll downward in the buffer. With prefix arg, scroll down that many
|
|
|
643 screenfuls.
|
|
70
|
644 @kindex DEL
|
|
0
|
645 @findex scroll-down
|
|
70
|
646 @item DEL
|
|
0
|
647 Scroll upward in the buffer. With prefix arg, scroll up that many
|
|
|
648 screenfuls.
|
|
|
649 @kindex <
|
|
|
650 @findex w3-start-of-document
|
|
|
651 @item <
|
|
|
652 Goes to the start of document
|
|
|
653 @kindex >
|
|
|
654 @findex w3-end-of-document
|
|
|
655 @item >
|
|
|
656 Goes to the end of document
|
|
|
657 @kindex b
|
|
70
|
658 @kindex Shift-TAB
|
|
|
659 @findex w3-back-link
|
|
|
660 @item Shift-TAB, b
|
|
0
|
661 Attempts to move backward one link area in the current document.
|
|
|
662 Signals an error if no previous links are found.
|
|
70
|
663 @kindex hl
|
|
|
664 @findex w3-show-hotlist
|
|
|
665 @item hl
|
|
|
666 Displays a complete listing of the items in the hotlist.
|
|
|
667 @kindex hu
|
|
|
668 @findex w3-use-hotlist
|
|
|
669 @item hu
|
|
|
670 Go to a link in the hotlist.
|
|
0
|
671 @kindex m
|
|
|
672 @findex w3-complete-link
|
|
|
673 @item m
|
|
|
674 Choose a link from the current buffer and follow it. A completing-read
|
|
|
675 is done on all the links, so @kbd{space} and @kbd{TAB} can be used for
|
|
|
676 completion.
|
|
70
|
677 @kindex f
|
|
|
678 @kindex TAB
|
|
|
679 @kindex n
|
|
|
680 @findex w3-forward-link
|
|
|
681 @item TAB, f, n
|
|
|
682 Attempts to move forward one link area in the current document. Signals
|
|
|
683 an error if no more links are found.
|
|
|
684 @end table
|
|
|
685 @node Information, Action, Movement, Basic Usage
|
|
|
686 @section Information
|
|
|
687 These functions relate information about one or more links on the
|
|
|
688 current document.
|
|
|
689 @table @kbd
|
|
|
690 @kindex v
|
|
|
691 @findex url-view-url
|
|
|
692 @item v
|
|
|
693 This shows the URL of the current document in the minibuffer.
|
|
|
694 @kindex V
|
|
|
695 @findex w3-view-this-url
|
|
|
696 @item V
|
|
|
697 This shows the URL of the hypertext link under point in the minibuffer.
|
|
|
698 If there is not a hypertext link under point, then it shows the type of
|
|
|
699 form entry area under point. If there is no form entry area under
|
|
|
700 point, then it shows the inlined image's URL that is under point, if
|
|
|
701 any.
|
|
|
702 @kindex i
|
|
|
703 @findex w3-document-information
|
|
|
704 @item i
|
|
|
705 Shows miscellaneous information about the currently displayed document.
|
|
|
706 This includes the URL, the last modified date, MIME headers, the HTTP
|
|
|
707 response code, and any relationships to other documents. Any security
|
|
|
708 information is also displayed.
|
|
|
709 @kindex I
|
|
|
710 @findex w3-document-information-this-url
|
|
|
711 @item I
|
|
|
712 Shows information about the URL at point.
|
|
|
713 @kindex s
|
|
|
714 @findex w3-source-document
|
|
|
715 @item s
|
|
|
716 This shows the HTML source of the current document in a separate buffer.
|
|
|
717 The buffer's name is based on the document's URL.
|
|
|
718 @kindex S
|
|
|
719 @findex w3-source-document-at-point
|
|
|
720 @item S
|
|
|
721 Shows the HTML source of the hypertext link under point in a separate
|
|
|
722 buffer. The buffer's name is based on the document's URL.
|
|
|
723 @kindex k
|
|
|
724 @findex w3-save-url
|
|
|
725 @item k
|
|
|
726 This stores the current document's URL in the kill ring, and also in the
|
|
|
727 current window-system's clipboard, if possible.
|
|
|
728 @kindex K
|
|
|
729 @findex w3-save-this-url
|
|
|
730 @item K
|
|
|
731 Stores the URL of the document under point in the kill ring, and also in
|
|
|
732 the current window-system's clipboard, if possible.
|
|
|
733 @end table
|
|
|
734 @node Action, Miscellaneous, Information, Basic Usage
|
|
|
735 @section Action
|
|
|
736 First, here are the keys and functions that bring up a new hypertext
|
|
|
737 page, usually creating a new buffer.
|
|
|
738 @table @kbd
|
|
0
|
739 @kindex return
|
|
|
740 @findex w3-follow-link
|
|
|
741 @item return
|
|
|
742 Pressing return when over a hyperlink attempts to follow the link
|
|
|
743 under the cursor. With a prefix argument (@kbd{C-u}), this forces the
|
|
|
744 file to be saved to disk instead of being passed off to other viewers
|
|
70
|
745 or being parsed as HTML.
|
|
0
|
746
|
|
70
|
747 Pressing return when over a form input field will prompt in the
|
|
0
|
748 minibuffer for the data to insert into the input field. Type checking
|
|
|
749 is done, and the data is only entered into the form when data of the
|
|
|
750 correct type is entered (ie: cannot enter 44 for 'date' field, etc).
|
|
|
751
|
|
|
752 @kindex Middle Mouse Button
|
|
|
753 @findex w3-follow-mouse
|
|
|
754 @item Middle Mouse Button
|
|
|
755 Attempt to follow a hypertext link under the mouse cursor. Clicking on
|
|
|
756 a form input field will prompt in the minibuffer for the data to insert
|
|
|
757 into the input field. Type checking is done, and the data is only
|
|
|
758 entered into the form when data of the correct type is entered (ie:
|
|
|
759 cannot enter 44 for 'date' field, etc).
|
|
|
760
|
|
|
761 @kindex Control Middle Mouse Button
|
|
|
762 @kindex Meta return
|
|
|
763 @findex w3-follow-inlined-image
|
|
|
764 @item Control Middle Mouse Button, Meta return
|
|
|
765 Tries to retrieve the inlined image that is under point. It ignores any
|
|
|
766 form entry areas or hyperlinks, and blindly follows any inlined image.
|
|
|
767 Useful for seeing images that are meant to be used as hyperlinks when
|
|
|
768 not on a terminal capable of displaying graphics.
|
|
|
769
|
|
|
770 @kindex p
|
|
|
771 @findex w3-print-this-url
|
|
|
772 @item p
|
|
|
773 Prints out the current buffer in a variety of formats, including
|
|
70
|
774 PostScript, HTML source, or formatted text.
|
|
0
|
775 @kindex P
|
|
|
776 @findex w3-print-url-under-point
|
|
|
777 @item P
|
|
70
|
778 Prints out the URL under point in a variety of formats, including
|
|
|
779 PostScript, HTML source, or formatted text.
|
|
0
|
780 @kindex m
|
|
|
781 @findex w3-complete-link
|
|
|
782 @item m
|
|
|
783 Selects a destination from a list of all the hyperlinks in the current
|
|
|
784 buffer. Use @kbd{space} and @kbd{tab} to complete on the links.
|
|
|
785
|
|
|
786 @kindex r
|
|
|
787 @kindex g
|
|
|
788 @findex w3-reload-document
|
|
|
789 @item r, g
|
|
|
790 Reloads the current document. The position within the buffer remains
|
|
|
791 the same (unless the document has changed since it was last retrieved,
|
|
|
792 in which case it should be relatively close). This causes an
|
|
|
793 unconditional reload from the remote server - the locally cached copy is
|
|
|
794 not consulted.
|
|
|
795 @kindex C-o
|
|
|
796 @findex w3-fetch
|
|
|
797 @item C-o
|
|
70
|
798 Prompts for a URL in the minibuffer, and attempts to fetch
|
|
|
799 it. If there are any errors, or Emacs-W3 cannot understand the type of link
|
|
0
|
800 requested, the errors are displayed in a hypertext buffer.
|
|
|
801 @kindex o
|
|
|
802 @findex w3-open-local
|
|
|
803 @vindex url-use-hypertext-dired
|
|
|
804 @item o
|
|
|
805 Opens a local file, interactively. This prompts for a local file name
|
|
|
806 to open. The file must exist, and may be a directory. If the requested
|
|
|
807 file is a directory and @code{url-use-hypertext-dired} is @code{nil},
|
|
70
|
808 then a dired-mode buffer is displayed. If non@code{nil}, then Emacs-W3
|
|
0
|
809 automatically generates a hypertext listing of the directory. The
|
|
|
810 hypertext mode is the default, so that all the keys and functions remain
|
|
|
811 the same.
|
|
|
812
|
|
|
813 @kindex M-s
|
|
70
|
814 @findex w3-search
|
|
0
|
815 @item M-s
|
|
70
|
816 Perform a search, if this is a searchable index. Searching requires a
|
|
|
817 server - Emacs-W3 can not do local file searching, as there are too many
|
|
|
818 possible types of searches people could want to do. Generally, the only
|
|
|
819 URL types that allow searching are HTTP, gopher, and X-EXEC.
|
|
0
|
820 @kindex Hv
|
|
|
821 @findex w3-show-history-list
|
|
|
822 @vindex w3-keep-history
|
|
|
823 @item Hv
|
|
70
|
824 If @code{url-keep-history} is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs-W3 keeps track
|
|
|
825 of all the URLs visited in an Emacs session. This function takes all
|
|
0
|
826 the links that are in that internal list, and formats them as hypertext
|
|
|
827 links in a list.
|
|
|
828 @end table
|
|
|
829
|
|
|
830 @cindex Buffer movement
|
|
70
|
831 And here are the commands to move around between Emacs-W3 buffers:
|
|
0
|
832
|
|
|
833 @table @kbd
|
|
|
834 @kindex l
|
|
|
835 @findex w3-goto-last-buffer
|
|
|
836 @item l
|
|
|
837 Goes to the last WWW buffer seen.
|
|
|
838 @kindex q
|
|
|
839 @findex w3-quit
|
|
|
840 @item q
|
|
|
841 Quits WWW mode. This kills the current buffer and goes to the most
|
|
|
842 recently visited buffer.
|
|
|
843 @kindex Q
|
|
|
844 @findex w3-leave-buffer
|
|
|
845 @item u
|
|
|
846 This is similar to w3-quit, but the buffer is not killed, it is moved to
|
|
|
847 the bottom of the buffer list (so it is the least likely to show up as
|
|
|
848 the default with switch-to-buffer). This is different from
|
|
|
849 @code{w3-goto-last-buffer} in that it does not return to the last WWW
|
|
|
850 page visited - it is the same as using @code{switch-to-buffer} - the
|
|
|
851 buffer left in the window is fairly random.
|
|
|
852 @kindex HB
|
|
|
853 @kindex B
|
|
|
854 @findex w3-backward-in-history
|
|
|
855 @item HB, B
|
|
|
856 Takes one step back along the path in the current history. Has no
|
|
|
857 effect if at the beginning of the session history.
|
|
|
858 @kindex HF
|
|
|
859 @kindex F
|
|
|
860 @findex w3-forward-in-history
|
|
|
861 @item HF, F
|
|
|
862 Takes one step forward along the path in the current history. Has no
|
|
|
863 effect if at the end of the session history.
|
|
|
864 @end table
|
|
|
865
|
|
70
|
866 @node Miscellaneous, , Action, Basic Usage
|
|
0
|
867 @section Miscellaneous
|
|
|
868 @table @kbd
|
|
|
869 @kindex M-m
|
|
|
870 @findex w3-mail-current-document
|
|
|
871 @item M-m
|
|
|
872 Mails the current document to someone. Choose from several different
|
|
70
|
873 formats to mail: formatted text, HTML source, PostScript, or LaTeX source.
|
|
|
874 When the HTML source is mailed, then an appropriate <base> tag is inserted
|
|
0
|
875 at the beginning of the document so that relative links may be followed
|
|
|
876 correctly by whoever receives the mail.
|
|
|
877 @kindex M-M
|
|
|
878 @findex w3-mail-document-under-point
|
|
|
879 @item M-M
|
|
|
880 Mails the document pointed to by the hypertext link under point to someone.
|
|
70
|
881 Choose from several different formats to mail: formatted text, HTML source,
|
|
|
882 PostScript, or LaTeX source. When the HTML source is mailed, then an
|
|
0
|
883 appropriate <base> tag is inserted at the beginning of the document so that
|
|
|
884 relative links may be followed correctly by whoever receives the
|
|
|
885 mail.
|
|
|
886 @kindex p
|
|
|
887 @findex w3-print-this-url
|
|
|
888 @item p
|
|
|
889 Prints the current document. Choose from several different formats to
|
|
70
|
890 print: formatted text, HTML source, PostScript (with ps-print), or by using
|
|
0
|
891 LaTeX and dvips).
|
|
|
892
|
|
|
893 @findex lpr-buffer
|
|
|
894 @vindex lpr-command
|
|
|
895 @vindex lpr-switches
|
|
|
896 When the formatted text is printed, the normal @code{lpr-buffer} function
|
|
|
897 is called, and the variables @code{lpr-command} and @code{lpr-switches}
|
|
|
898 control how the document is printed.
|
|
|
899
|
|
70
|
900 When the HTML source is printed, then an appropriate <base> tag is
|
|
0
|
901 inserted at the beginning of the document.
|
|
|
902 @vindex w3-print-commnad
|
|
|
903 @vindex w3-latex-docstyle
|
|
70
|
904 When postscript is printed, then the HTML source of the document is
|
|
80
|
905 converted into LaTeX source. There are several variables controlling
|
|
|
906 what the final LaTeX document looks like.
|
|
|
907
|
|
|
908 :: WORK :: Document the new LaTeX backend
|
|
|
909
|
|
|
910 @table @code
|
|
|
911 @item w3-latex-use-latex2e
|
|
|
912 @vindex w3-latex-use-latex2e
|
|
|
913 If non-@code{nil}, configures the LaTeX engine to use the LaTeX2e
|
|
|
914 syntax. A @code{nil} value indicates that LaTeX 2.0.9 compabibility
|
|
|
915 will be used instead.
|
|
|
916 @item w3-latex-docstyle
|
|
|
917 @vindex w3-latex-docstyle
|
|
|
918 The document style to use when printing or mailing converted HTML files
|
|
|
919 in LaTeX. Good defaults are: @{article@}, [psfig,twocolumn]@{article@},
|
|
|
920 etc.
|
|
|
921 @item w3-latex-packages
|
|
|
922 @vindex w3-latex-packages
|
|
|
923 List of LaTeX packages to include. Currently this is only used if
|
|
|
924 @code{w3-latex-use-latex2e} is non-@code{nil}.
|
|
|
925 @item w3-latex-use-maketitle
|
|
|
926 @vindex w3-latex-use-maketitle
|
|
|
927 If non-@code{nil}, the LaTeX engine will use real LaTeX title pages for
|
|
|
928 document titles.
|
|
|
929 @item w3-latex-print-links
|
|
|
930 @vindex w3-latex-print-links
|
|
|
931 If non-@code{nil}, prints the URLs of hypertext links as endnotes at the
|
|
|
932 end of the document. If set to @code{footnote}, prints the URL's as
|
|
|
933 footnotes on each page.
|
|
|
934 @end table
|
|
|
935
|
|
0
|
936 @kindex P
|
|
|
937 @findex w3-print-url-under-point
|
|
|
938 @item P
|
|
|
939 Prints the document pointed to by the hypertext link under point.
|
|
|
940 Please see the previous item for more information.
|
|
|
941 @kindex M-x w3-insert-formatted-url
|
|
|
942 @findex w3-insert-formatted-url
|
|
|
943 @item M-x w3-insert-formatted-url
|
|
70
|
944 Insert a fully formatted HTML link into another buffer. This gets the
|
|
|
945 name and URL of either the current buffer, or, with a prefix arg, of the
|
|
0
|
946 link under point, and construct the appropriate <a...>...</a> markup and
|
|
|
947 insert it into the desired buffer.
|
|
|
948 @kindex M-tab
|
|
|
949 @findex w3-insert-this-url
|
|
|
950 @item M-tab
|
|
70
|
951 Inserts the URL of the current document into another buffer. Buffer is
|
|
|
952 prompted for in the minibuffer. With prefix arg, uses the URL of the
|
|
0
|
953 link under point.
|
|
|
954 @kindex U
|
|
|
955 @findex w3-use-links
|
|
|
956 @item U
|
|
|
957 Selects one of the <LINK> tags from this document and fetch it. Links
|
|
|
958 are attributes of a specific document, and can tell such things as who
|
|
|
959 made the document, where a table of contents is located, etc.
|
|
|
960
|
|
|
961 Link tags specify relationships between documents in two ways. Normal
|
|
|
962 (forward) relationships (where the link has a REL="xxx" attribute), and
|
|
|
963 reverse relationships (where the link has a REV="xxx" attribute). This
|
|
|
964 first asks what type of link to follow (Normal or Reverse), then does
|
|
|
965 a @code{completing-read} on only the links that have that type of
|
|
|
966 relationship.
|
|
|
967 @end table
|
|
|
968
|
|
70
|
969 @node Compatibility, , , Top
|
|
0
|
970 @chapter Compatibility with other Browsers
|
|
70
|
971 Due to the popularity of several other browsers, Emacs-W3 offers an easy
|
|
0
|
972 transition to its much better way of life. This ranges from being able
|
|
|
973 to share the same preferences files and disk cache to actually emulating
|
|
|
974 the keybindings used in other browsers.
|
|
|
975
|
|
70
|
976 @ifinfo
|
|
0
|
977 @menu
|
|
70
|
978 * Emulation:: Emacs-W3 can emulate the keybindings and
|
|
0
|
979 other behaviours of other browsers.
|
|
|
980 * Hotlist Handling:: A hotlist is an easy way to keep track of
|
|
|
981 interesting Web pages without having to
|
|
|
982 remember the exact path to get there.
|
|
|
983 * Session History:: Keeping a history of documents visited
|
|
|
984 in one Emacs sessions allows the use of
|
|
|
985 'forward' and 'back' buttons easily.
|
|
70
|
986 * Global History:: Keeping a history of all the places ever
|
|
0
|
987 visited on the web.
|
|
70
|
988 * Annotations:: Annotations allow comments on other
|
|
|
989 people's Web documents without needing
|
|
|
990 to change the document.
|
|
0
|
991 @end menu
|
|
70
|
992 @end ifinfo
|
|
0
|
993 @node Emulation, Hotlist Handling, Compatibility, Compatibility
|
|
|
994 @section Emulation
|
|
|
995 @cindex Browser emulation
|
|
|
996 @cindex Emulation of other browsers
|
|
|
997 @cindex Netscape emulation
|
|
|
998 @cindex Lynx emulation
|
|
|
999 @findex turn-on-netscape-emulation
|
|
|
1000 @findex turn-on-lynx-emulation
|
|
|
1001 @findex w3-netscape-emulation-minor-mode
|
|
|
1002 @findex w3-lynx-emulation-minor-mode
|
|
|
1003 @vindex w3-mode-hook
|
|
80
|
1004 :: WORK :: Document lynx emulation
|
|
|
1005 :: WORK :: Document netscape emulation
|
|
26
|
1006
|
|
0
|
1007 @node Hotlist Handling, Session History, Emulation, Compatibility
|
|
|
1008 @section Hotlist Handling
|
|
|
1009 :: WORK :: Document that it supports different types of hotlist formats
|
|
|
1010 :: WORK :: Make sure everything hotlist related can be accessed via 'h'
|
|
|
1011 In order to avoid having to traverse many documents to get to the same
|
|
70
|
1012 document over and over, Emacs-W3 supports a ``hotlist'' like Mosaic. This is
|
|
|
1013 a file that contains URLs and aliases. Hotlists allow quick access to any
|
|
0
|
1014 document in the Web, providing it has been visited and added to the hotlist.
|
|
|
1015 The variable @code{w3-hotlist-file} determines where this information
|
|
|
1016 is saved. The structure of the file is compatible with Mosaic's
|
|
|
1017 hotlist file, so this defaults to @file{~/.mosaic-hotlist-default}.
|
|
|
1018
|
|
|
1019 Hotlist commands are:
|
|
|
1020 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1021 @kindex hi
|
|
|
1022 @findex w3-hotlist-add-document
|
|
|
1023 @vindex w3-hotlist-file
|
|
|
1024 @item a
|
|
|
1025 Adds the current document to the hotlist, with the buffer name as its
|
|
|
1026 identifier. Modifies the file specified by @code{w3-hotlist-file}. If
|
|
70
|
1027 this is given a @var{prefix-argument} (via @kbd{C-u}), the title is
|
|
|
1028 prompted for instead of automatically defaulting to the
|
|
|
1029 document title.
|
|
0
|
1030
|
|
|
1031 @findex w3-hotlist-refresh
|
|
|
1032 @vindex w3-hotlist-file
|
|
|
1033 @kindex hR
|
|
|
1034 @item hR
|
|
|
1035 This rereads the default hostlist file specified by
|
|
|
1036 @code{w3-hotlist-file}.
|
|
|
1037 @findex w3-hotlist-delete
|
|
|
1038 @vindex w3-hotlist-file
|
|
|
1039 @kindex hd
|
|
|
1040 @item d
|
|
|
1041 Prompts for the alias of the entry to kill. Pressing the spacebar or
|
|
|
1042 tab will list out partial completions. The internal representation of
|
|
|
1043 the hotlist and the file specified by @code{w3-hotlist-file} are
|
|
|
1044 updated.
|
|
|
1045 @item hr
|
|
|
1046 @kindex hr
|
|
|
1047 @findex w3-hotlist-rename-entry
|
|
|
1048 @vindex w3-hotlist-file
|
|
|
1049 Some hotlist item names can be very unwieldy (`Mosaic for X level 2 fill
|
|
|
1050 out form support'), or uninformative (`Index of /'). Prompts for the
|
|
|
1051 item to rename in the minibuffer---use the spacebar or tab key for
|
|
|
1052 completion. After having chosen an item to rename, prompts for a new
|
|
|
1053 title until a unique title is entered. Modifies the file specified by
|
|
|
1054 @code{w3-hotlist-file}.
|
|
|
1055
|
|
|
1056 @item hu
|
|
|
1057 @kindex hu
|
|
|
1058 @findex w3-use-hotlist
|
|
|
1059 Prompts for the alias to jump to. Pressing the @key{spacebar} or
|
|
|
1060 @key{tab} key shows partial completions.
|
|
|
1061
|
|
|
1062 @item hv
|
|
|
1063 @kindex hv
|
|
|
1064 @findex w3-show-hotlist
|
|
70
|
1065 Converts the hotlist into HTML and displays it.
|
|
0
|
1066 @item ha
|
|
|
1067 @kindex ha
|
|
|
1068 @findex w3-hotlist-apropos
|
|
|
1069 Shows the hotlist entries matching a regular expression.
|
|
|
1070 @item hA
|
|
|
1071 @kindex hA
|
|
|
1072 @findex w3-hotlist-append
|
|
|
1073 Appends another hotlist file to the one currently in memory.
|
|
|
1074 @end table
|
|
|
1075 @node Session History, Global History, Hotlist Handling, Compatibility
|
|
|
1076 @section History
|
|
|
1077 @cindex History Lists
|
|
70
|
1078 Almost all web browsers keep track of the URLs followed from a page, so
|
|
0
|
1079 that it can provide @b{forward} and @b{back} buttons to keep a @i{path}
|
|
70
|
1080 of URLs that can be traversed easily.
|
|
0
|
1081 @vindex url-keep-history
|
|
70
|
1082 If the variable @code{url-keep-history} is @code{t}, then Emacs-W3
|
|
|
1083 keeps a list of all the URLs visited in a session.
|
|
0
|
1084 @findex w3-show-history
|
|
70
|
1085 To view a listing of the history for this session of Emacs-W3, use
|
|
|
1086 @code{M-x w3-show-history} from any buffer, and Emacs-W3 generates an
|
|
|
1087 HTML document showing every URL visited since Emacs started (or
|
|
0
|
1088 cleared the history list), and then format it. Any of the links can
|
|
|
1089 be chosen and followed to the original document. To clear the history
|
|
|
1090 list, choose 'Clear History' from the 'Options' menu.
|
|
|
1091
|
|
|
1092 @findex w3-forward-in-history
|
|
|
1093 @findex w3-backward-in-history
|
|
|
1094 @findex w3-fetch
|
|
|
1095 Another twist on the history list mechanism is the fact that all
|
|
70
|
1096 Emacs-W3 buffers remember what URL, buffer, and buffer position of the
|
|
0
|
1097 last document, and also keeps track of the next location jumped @b{to}
|
|
|
1098 from that buffer. This means that the user can go forwards and
|
|
|
1099 backwards very easily along the path taken to reach a particular
|
|
|
1100 document. To go forward, use the function @code{w3-forward-in-history},
|
|
|
1101 to go backward, use the function @code{w3-backward-in-history}.
|
|
|
1102
|
|
70
|
1103 @node Global History, Annotations, Session History, Compatibility
|
|
0
|
1104 @section Global History
|
|
|
1105 :: WORK :: Document that the global history can have diff. formats
|
|
70
|
1106 Most web browsers also support the idea of a ``history'' of URLs the
|
|
0
|
1107 user has visited, and it displays them in a different style than normal
|
|
70
|
1108 URLs.
|
|
0
|
1109
|
|
|
1110 @vindex url-keep-history
|
|
|
1111 @vindex url-global-history-file
|
|
70
|
1112 If the variable @code{url-keep-history} is @code{t}, then Emacs-W3
|
|
|
1113 keeps a list of all the URLs visited in a session. The file is
|
|
0
|
1114 automatically written to disk when exiting emacs. The list is added to
|
|
|
1115 those already in the file specified by @code{url-global-history-file},
|
|
|
1116 which defaults to @file{~/.mosaic-global-history}.
|
|
|
1117
|
|
70
|
1118 If any URL in the list is found in the file, it is not saved, but new
|
|
0
|
1119 ones are added at the end of the file.
|
|
|
1120
|
|
|
1121 The function that saves the global history list is smart enough to
|
|
70
|
1122 notice what style of history list is being used (Netscape, Emacs-W3, or
|
|
0
|
1123 XMosaic), and writes out the new additions appropriately.
|
|
|
1124
|
|
|
1125 @cindex Completion of URLs
|
|
|
1126 @cindex Usefulness of global history
|
|
70
|
1127 One of the nice things about keeping a global history files is that Emacs-W3
|
|
0
|
1128 can use it as a completion table. When doing @kbd{M-x w3-fetch}, pressing
|
|
|
1129 the @kbd{tab} or @kbd{space} key will show all completions for a
|
|
70
|
1130 partial URL. This is very useful, especially for very long URLs that
|
|
0
|
1131 are not in a hotlist, or for seeing all the pages from a particular web
|
|
|
1132 site before choosing which to retrieve.
|
|
|
1133
|
|
70
|
1134 @node Annotations, Group Annotations, Global History, Compatibility
|
|
|
1135 @section Annotations
|
|
|
1136 @cindex Annotations
|
|
|
1137 Mosaic can @i{annotate} documents. Annotations are comments about the
|
|
|
1138 current document, and these annotations appear as a link to the comments
|
|
|
1139 at the end of the document. The original file is not changed.
|
|
|
1140
|
|
|
1141 @ifinfo
|
|
|
1142 @menu
|
|
|
1143 * Group Annotations:: Annotations accessible by everyone
|
|
|
1144 * Personal Annotations:: Private annotations only accessible
|
|
|
1145 to the user who created them
|
|
|
1146 @end menu
|
|
|
1147 @end ifinfo
|
|
|
1148 @node Group Annotations, Personal Annotations, Annotations, Annotations
|
|
|
1149 @subsection Group Annotations
|
|
|
1150 @cindex Group Annotations
|
|
|
1151 @b{@i{NOTE}}: The group annotation experiment has been terminated. It
|
|
|
1152 will be replaced with support on the server side for adding <LINK> tags
|
|
|
1153 to documents.
|
|
0
|
1154
|
|
70
|
1155 @node Personal Annotations, , Group Annotations, Annotations
|
|
|
1156 @subsection Personal Annotations
|
|
|
1157 @cindex Personal Annotations
|
|
|
1158 @vindex w3-personal-annotation-directory
|
|
|
1159 Emacs-W3 looks in the directory specified by
|
|
|
1160 @code{w3-personal-annotation-directory} (defaults to
|
|
|
1161 @file{~/.mosaic-personal-annotations}). Any personal annotations for a
|
|
|
1162 document are automatically appended when it is retrieved.
|
|
22
|
1163
|
|
70
|
1164 :: WORK :: Document the new 'a' prefix keymap
|
|
|
1165 :: WORK :: Tell where the annotations are stored
|
|
|
1166
|
|
|
1167 @findex w3-add-personal-annotation
|
|
|
1168 @vindex w3-annotation-mode
|
|
|
1169 To add a new personal annotation, type @kbd{M-x
|
|
|
1170 w3-add-personal-annotation}. This creates a new buffer, in the mode
|
|
|
1171 specified by @code{w3-annotation-mode}. This defaults to
|
|
|
1172 @code{html-mode}. If this variable is @code{nil}, or it points to an
|
|
|
1173 undefined function, then @code{default-major-mode} is consulted.
|
|
|
1174
|
|
|
1175 A minor mode redefines @kbd{C-c C-c} to complete the annotation and
|
|
|
1176 store it on the local disk.
|
|
0
|
1177
|
|
70
|
1178 @findex w3-delete-personal-annotation
|
|
|
1179 To delete a personal annotation, it must be the current page. Once
|
|
|
1180 reading the annotation, @kbd{M-x w3-delete-personal-annotation} will
|
|
|
1181 remove it. This deletes the file containing the annotation, and any
|
|
|
1182 references to it in the annotation log file.
|
|
|
1183
|
|
|
1184 Editing personal annotations is not yet supported.
|
|
22
|
1185
|
|
70
|
1186 @node Controlling Formatting, General Formatting, Top, Top
|
|
|
1187 @chapter Controlling Formatting
|
|
|
1188 @cindex Customizing formatting
|
|
|
1189 @cindex Specifying Fonts
|
|
|
1190 @cindex Fonts
|
|
|
1191 @cindex Colors
|
|
80
|
1192 How Emacs-W3 formats a document is very customizable. All control over
|
|
|
1193 formatting is now controlled by a default stylesheet set by the user
|
|
|
1194 with the @code{w3-default-sheet} variable.
|
|
0
|
1195
|
|
70
|
1196 The following sections describe in more detail how to change the
|
|
|
1197 formatting of a document.
|
|
0
|
1198
|
|
70
|
1199 @ifinfo
|
|
|
1200 @menu
|
|
|
1201 * General Formatting:: Changing general things about a
|
|
|
1202 document.
|
|
|
1203 * Character based terminals:: Changing how a document is
|
|
|
1204 displayed on a non-graphics
|
|
|
1205 terminal (vt100, etc.@:) or if
|
|
|
1206 @code{w3-delimit-emphasis} is @code{t}.
|
|
|
1207 * Graphics workstations:: Changing how a document is
|
|
|
1208 displayed on a graphics terminal
|
|
|
1209 (Xwindows, Windows, NeXTstep,
|
|
|
1210 OS/2, etc.)
|
|
|
1211 * Inlined images:: How to specify how Emacs-W3
|
|
|
1212 handles inlined images/mpegs.
|
|
|
1213 @end menu
|
|
|
1214 @end ifinfo
|
|
|
1215 @node General Formatting, Character based terminals, Controlling Formatting, Controlling Formatting
|
|
|
1216 @section General formatting conventions
|
|
|
1217 @iftex
|
|
|
1218 @heading Setting the fill column
|
|
|
1219 @end iftex
|
|
|
1220 @ifinfo
|
|
|
1221 @center --------------------
|
|
80
|
1222 @center Setting the right margin
|
|
70
|
1223 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1224 @end ifinfo
|
|
80
|
1225 @cindex Margins
|
|
70
|
1226 @vindex fill-column
|
|
|
1227 @vindex w3-right-border
|
|
80
|
1228 Each time a document is parsed, the right margin is recalculated
|
|
|
1229 using the width of the current window and @code{w3-right-border}.
|
|
70
|
1230 @code{w3-right-border} is an integer specifying how much room at the
|
|
|
1231 right edge of the screen to leave blank. The @code{fill-column} is set
|
|
|
1232 to @code{(- (window-width) @code{w3-right-border})}.
|
|
|
1233 @iftex
|
|
|
1234 @heading Formatting of directory listings
|
|
|
1235 @end iftex
|
|
|
1236 @ifinfo
|
|
|
1237 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1238 @center Formatting of directory listings
|
|
|
1239 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1240 @end ifinfo
|
|
|
1241 @vindex url-use-hypertext-dired
|
|
|
1242 When Emacs-W3 encounters a link to a directory (whether by local file access
|
|
|
1243 or via FTP), it can either create an HTML document on the fly, or use
|
|
|
1244 @code{dired-mode} to peruse the listing. The variable
|
|
|
1245 @code{url-use-hypertext-dired} controls this behavior.
|
|
0
|
1246
|
|
70
|
1247 If the value is @code{t}, Emacs-W3 uses @code{directory-files} to list them
|
|
|
1248 out and transform the directory into a hypertext document, then pass it
|
|
|
1249 through the parser like any other document.
|
|
22
|
1250
|
|
70
|
1251 If the value is @code{nil}, just pass the directory off to dired using
|
|
|
1252 @code{find-file}. Using this option loses all the hypertext abilities
|
|
|
1253 of Emacs-W3, and the users is unable to load documents in the directory
|
|
|
1254 directly into Emacs-W3 by clicking with the mouse, etc.
|
|
22
|
1255
|
|
70
|
1256 @iftex
|
|
|
1257 @heading Formatting of gopher directories
|
|
|
1258 @end iftex
|
|
|
1259 @ifinfo
|
|
|
1260 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1261 @center Formatting of gopher directories
|
|
|
1262 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1263 @end ifinfo
|
|
|
1264 @vindex w3-use-hypertext-gopher
|
|
|
1265 @cindex Gopher+
|
|
|
1266 @cindex ASK blocks
|
|
|
1267 There are two different ways of viewing gopher links. The built-in
|
|
|
1268 support that converts gopher directories into HTML, or the
|
|
|
1269 @file{gopher.el} package by Scott Snyder (@i{snyder@@fnald0.fnal.gov}).
|
|
|
1270 The variable that controls this is @code{w3-use-hypertext-gopher}. If
|
|
|
1271 set to @code{nil}, then @file{gopher.el} is used. Any other value
|
|
|
1272 causes Emacs-W3 to use its internal gopher support. If using
|
|
|
1273 @file{gopher.el}, all the hypertext capabilities of Emacs-W3 are lost.
|
|
|
1274 All the functionality of @file{gopher.el} is now available in the
|
|
|
1275 hypertext version, and the hypertext version supports Gopher+ and ASK
|
|
|
1276 blocks.
|
|
22
|
1277
|
|
70
|
1278 @vindex w3-gopher-labels
|
|
|
1279 The main way to control the display of gopher directories is by the
|
|
|
1280 variable @code{w3-gopher-labels}. This variable controls the text that
|
|
|
1281 is inserted at the front of each item. This is an assoc list of gopher
|
|
|
1282 types (as one character strings), and a string to insert just after the
|
|
|
1283 list item. All the normal gopher types are defined. Entries should be
|
|
|
1284 similar to: @samp{("0" . "(TXT)")}. I have tried to keep all the tags
|
|
|
1285 to three characters plus two parentheses.
|
|
|
1286 @iftex
|
|
|
1287 @heading Creating a horizontal rule
|
|
|
1288 @end iftex
|
|
|
1289 @ifinfo
|
|
|
1290 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1291 @center Creating a horizontal rule
|
|
|
1292 @center --------------------
|
|
|
1293 @end ifinfo
|
|
|
1294 @vindex w3-horizontal-rule-char
|
|
|
1295 Horizontal rules (@b{<HR>} tags in HTML[+]) are used to separate chunks
|
|
|
1296 of a document, and is meant to be rendered as a solid line across the
|
|
|
1297 page. Some terminals display characters differently, so the variable
|
|
80
|
1298 @code{w3-horizontal-rule-char} controls which character is used to draw
|
|
|
1299 a horizontal bar. This variable must be the ASCII value of the
|
|
|
1300 character, @b{not a string}. The variable is passed through
|
|
|
1301 @code{make-string} whenever a horizontal rule of a certain width is
|
|
|
1302 necessary.
|
|
22
|
1303
|
|
70
|
1304 @node Character based terminals, Graphics workstations, General Formatting, Controlling Formatting
|
|
|
1305 @section On character based terminals
|
|
|
1306 @vindex w3-delimit-emphasis
|
|
|
1307 On character based terminals, there is no easy way to show that a
|
|
|
1308 certain range of text is in bold or italics. If the variable
|
|
|
1309 @code{w3-delimit-emphasis} is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs-W3 can insert
|
|
|
1310 characters before and after character formatting commands in HTML
|
|
|
1311 documents. The defaul value of @code{w3-delimit-emphasis} is
|
|
|
1312 automatically set based on the type of window system and version of
|
|
|
1313 Emacs being used.
|
|
0
|
1314
|
|
70
|
1315 @vindex w3-header-chars-assoc
|
|
|
1316 :: WORK ::
|
|
|
1317
|
|
|
1318 @findex w3-upcase-region
|
|
|
1319 @code{w3-header-chars-assoc} is an assoc list of header tags and a list
|
|
|
1320 of formatting instructions. The @code{car} of the list is the level of
|
|
|
1321 the header (1--6). The rest of the list should contain three items.
|
|
|
1322 The first item is text to insert before the header. The second item is
|
|
|
1323 text to insert after the header. Both should have reserved characters
|
|
|
1324 converted to their HTML[+] entity definitions. The third item is a
|
|
|
1325 function to call on the area the header is in. This function is called
|
|
|
1326 with arguments specifying the start and ending character positions of
|
|
|
1327 the header. The starting point is always first. To convert a region to
|
|
|
1328 upper case, please use @code{w3-upcase-region} instead of
|
|
|
1329 @code{upcase-region}, so that entities are converted properly.
|
|
22
|
1330
|
|
70
|
1331 @node Graphics workstations, Inlined images, Character based terminals, Controlling Formatting
|
|
|
1332 @section With graphics workstations
|
|
|
1333 Starting with the first public release of version 2.3.0, all formatting
|
|
|
1334 is controlled by the use of stylesheets.
|
|
|
1335
|
|
|
1336 :: WORK :: Graphic workstation stuff - redo for stylesheets
|
|
0
|
1337
|
|
70
|
1338 @node Inlined images, , Graphics workstations, Controlling Formatting
|
|
|
1339 @cindex Inlined images
|
|
|
1340 @cindex Images
|
|
|
1341 @cindex Movies
|
|
|
1342 @cindex Inlined MPEGs
|
|
|
1343 @cindex MPEGs
|
|
|
1344 When running in Lucid Emacs 19.10 or XEmacs 19.11 and higher, Emacs-W3 can
|
|
|
1345 display inlined images and MPEG movies. There are several variables that
|
|
|
1346 control how and when the images are displayed.
|
|
22
|
1347
|
|
70
|
1348 @cindex Netpbm
|
|
|
1349 @cindex Pbmplus
|
|
|
1350 @vindex w3-graphic-converter-alist
|
|
|
1351 Since Lucid/XEmacs only natively understands XPixmaps and XBitmaps, GIFs
|
|
|
1352 and other image types must first be converted to one of these formats.
|
|
|
1353 To do this, the @b{netpbm utilities}@footnote{Available via anonymous
|
|
|
1354 ftp from ftp.x.org:/R5contrib/netpbm-1mar1994.tar.gz, and most large ftp
|
|
|
1355 sites.} programs are normally used. This is a suite of freeware image
|
|
|
1356 conversion tools. The variable @code{w3-graphic-converter-alist}
|
|
|
1357 controls how each image type is converted. This is an assoc list, keyed
|
|
|
1358 on the MIME content-type. The @code{car} is the content-type, and the
|
|
|
1359 @code{cdr} is a string suitable to pass to @code{format}. A %s in this
|
|
|
1360 string will be replaced with a converter from the ppm image format to an
|
|
|
1361 XPixmap (or XBitmap, if being run on a monochrome display). By default,
|
|
|
1362 the Emacs-W3 browser has converters for:
|
|
0
|
1363
|
|
|
1364 @enumerate
|
|
|
1365 @item
|
|
70
|
1366 image/x-xbitmap
|
|
|
1367 @item
|
|
|
1368 image/xbitmap
|
|
|
1369 @item
|
|
|
1370 image/xbm
|
|
|
1371 @item
|
|
|
1372 image/gif
|
|
0
|
1373 @item
|
|
70
|
1374 image/jpeg
|
|
|
1375 @item
|
|
|
1376 image/x-fax
|
|
|
1377 @item
|
|
|
1378 image/x-raster
|
|
|
1379 @item
|
|
|
1380 image/windowdump
|
|
0
|
1381 @item
|
|
70
|
1382 image/x-icon
|
|
|
1383 @item
|
|
|
1384 image/portable-graymap
|
|
|
1385 @item
|
|
|
1386 image/portable-pixmap
|
|
|
1387 @item
|
|
|
1388 image/x-pixmap
|
|
0
|
1389 @item
|
|
70
|
1390 image/x-xpixmap
|
|
|
1391 @item
|
|
|
1392 image/pict
|
|
|
1393 @item
|
|
|
1394 image/x-macpaint
|
|
|
1395 @item
|
|
|
1396 image/x-targa
|
|
|
1397 @item
|
|
|
1398 image/tiff
|
|
0
|
1399 @end enumerate
|
|
|
1400
|
|
70
|
1401 @vindex w3-color-max-blue
|
|
|
1402 @vindex w3-color-max-green
|
|
|
1403 @vindex w3-color-max-red
|
|
|
1404 @vindex w3-color-use-reducing
|
|
|
1405 @vindex w3-color-filter
|
|
|
1406 Since most displays are (sadly) not 24-bit, Emacs-W3 can automatically
|
|
|
1407 dither an image, so that it does not fill up the application' colormap too
|
|
|
1408 quickly. If @code{w3-color-use-reducing} is non-@code{nil}, then the
|
|
|
1409 images will use reduced colors. If @code{w3-color-filter} is @code{eq} to
|
|
|
1410 @code{'ppmquant}, then the ppmquant program will be used. If @code{eq} to
|
|
|
1411 @code{'ppmdither}, then the ppmdither program will be used. The ppmdither
|
|
|
1412 program tends to give better results. The values of
|
|
|
1413 @code{w3-color-max-red}, @code{w3-color-max-blue}, and
|
|
|
1414 @code{w3-color-max-green} control how many colors the inlined images can
|
|
|
1415 use. If using ppmquant, then the product of these three variables is used
|
|
|
1416 as the maximum number of colors per image. If using ppmdither, then only
|
|
|
1417 the set number of color cells can be allocated per image. See the man
|
|
|
1418 pages for ppmdither and ppmquant for more information on how the dithering
|
|
|
1419 is actually done. @code{w3-color-filter} may also be a string, specifying
|
|
|
1420 exactly what external filter to use. An example is: @samp{ppmquant -fs
|
|
|
1421 -map ~/pixmaps/colormap.ppm}.
|
|
22
|
1422
|
|
70
|
1423 @cindex MPEGs
|
|
|
1424 @cindex Inlined animations
|
|
|
1425 When running in XEmacs 19.11 or XEmacs 19.12, Emacs-W3 can insert an
|
|
|
1426 MPEG movie in the middle of a buffer.
|
|
22
|
1427
|
|
70
|
1428 :: WORK :: Need a pointer to the new EMBED Internet Draft ::
|
|
26
|
1429
|
|
70
|
1430 The basic syntax is:
|
|
24
|
1431 @example
|
|
70
|
1432 <embed href="somevideo.mpg" type="video/mpeg">
|
|
24
|
1433 @end example
|
|
|
1434
|
|
70
|
1435 @vindex w3-mpeg-args
|
|
|
1436 @vindex w3-mpeg-program
|
|
|
1437 This requires a special version of the standard @file{mpeg_play} mpeg
|
|
|
1438 player. Patches against the 2.0 version are available at
|
|
|
1439 ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/mpeg_patch. The variable
|
|
|
1440 @code{w3-mpeg-program} should point to this executable, and
|
|
|
1441 @code{w3-mpeg-args} should be a list of any additional arguments to be
|
|
|
1442 passed to the player. By default, this includes @var{-loop}, so the
|
|
|
1443 mpeg plays continuously.
|
|
24
|
1444
|
|
70
|
1445 @cindex Delaying inlined images
|
|
|
1446 @cindex Delaying inlined animations
|
|
|
1447 @vindex w3-delay-image-loads
|
|
|
1448 @vindex w3-delay-mpeg-loads
|
|
|
1449 Because images and movies can take up an incredible amount of bandwidth,
|
|
|
1450 it is useful to be able to control whether they are loaded or not. By
|
|
|
1451 default, images and movies are loaded automatically, but the variables
|
|
|
1452 @code{w3-delay-image-loads} and @code{w3-delay-mpeg-loads} control this.
|
|
|
1453 If set to non-@code{nil}, then the images or movies are not
|
|
|
1454 loaded until explicitly requested by the user.
|
|
26
|
1455
|
|
70
|
1456 @cindex Loading delayed images
|
|
|
1457 @cindex Loading delayed movies
|
|
|
1458 @findex w3-load-delayed-images
|
|
|
1459 @findex w3-load-delayed-mpegs
|
|
|
1460 To load any delayed images, use the function
|
|
|
1461 @code{w3-load-delayed-images}. Its counterpart for delayed movies is
|
|
|
1462 @code{w3-load-delayed-mpegs}
|
|
22
|
1463
|
|
70
|
1464 @node MIME Support, Adding MIME types based on file extensions, , Top
|
|
0
|
1465 @chapter MIME Support
|
|
70
|
1466 MIME is an emerging standard for multimedia mail. It offers a very
|
|
0
|
1467 flexible typing mechanism. The type of a file or message is specified
|
|
|
1468 in two parts, separated by a '/'. The first part is the general
|
|
|
1469 category of the data (text, application, image, etc.). The second part
|
|
70
|
1470 is the specific type of data (postscript, gif, jpeg, etc.). So
|
|
|
1471 @samp{text/html} specifies an HTML document, whereas
|
|
0
|
1472 @samp{image/x-xwindowdump} specifies an image of an Xwindow taken with
|
|
|
1473 the @file{xwd} program.
|
|
|
1474
|
|
|
1475
|
|
70
|
1476 This typing allows much more flexibility in naming files. HTTP/1.0
|
|
0
|
1477 servers can now send back content-type headers in response to a request,
|
|
70
|
1478 and not have the client second-guess it based on file extensions. HTML
|
|
|
1479 files can now be named @file{something.gif} (not a great idea, but
|
|
0
|
1480 possible).
|
|
|
1481
|
|
70
|
1482 @ifinfo
|
|
0
|
1483 @menu
|
|
|
1484 * Adding MIME types based on file extensions:: How to map file
|
|
|
1485 extensions onto MIME
|
|
70
|
1486 types (e.g., @samp{.gif ->
|
|
|
1487 image/gif)}.
|
|
|
1488 * Specifying Viewers:: How to specify external and internal viewers
|
|
|
1489 for files that Emacs-W3 cannot handle natively.
|
|
0
|
1490 @end menu
|
|
70
|
1491 @end ifinfo
|
|
0
|
1492
|
|
|
1493 @node Adding MIME types based on file extensions, Specifying Viewers, MIME Support, MIME Support
|
|
|
1494 @section Adding MIME types based on file extensions
|
|
|
1495 @vindex mm-mime-extensions
|
|
|
1496 For some protocols however, it is still necessary to guess the content
|
|
|
1497 of a file based on the file extension. This type of guess-work should
|
|
70
|
1498 only be needed when accessing files via FTP, local file access, or old
|
|
|
1499 HTTP/0.9 servers.
|
|
0
|
1500
|
|
|
1501 Instead of specifying how to view things twice, once based on
|
|
|
1502 content-type and once based on the file extension, it is easier to map
|
|
|
1503 file extensions to MIME content-types. The variable that controls this
|
|
|
1504 is @code{mm-mime-extensions}.
|
|
|
1505
|
|
|
1506 This variable is an assoc list of file extensions and the corresponding
|
|
|
1507 MIME content-type. A sample entry looks like: @samp{(".movie"
|
|
|
1508 . "video/x-sgi-movie")} This makes all files that end in @file{.movie}
|
|
|
1509 (@file{foo.movie} and @file{bar.movie}) be interpreted as SGI animation
|
|
|
1510 files. If a content-type is defined for the document, then this is
|
|
|
1511 over-ridden. Regular expressions can @b{NOT} be used.
|
|
|
1512
|
|
|
1513 @cindex mime-types file
|
|
|
1514 @findex mm-parse-mimetypes
|
|
70
|
1515 Both Mosaic and the NCSA HTTP daemon rely on a separate file for mapping
|
|
|
1516 file extensions to MIME types. Instead of having the users of Emacs-W3
|
|
0
|
1517 duplicate this in lisp, this file can be parsed using the
|
|
|
1518 @code{url-parse-mimetypes} function. This function is called each time
|
|
|
1519 w3 is loaded. It tries to locate mimetype files in several places. If
|
|
|
1520 the environment variable @code{MIMETYPES} is nonempty, then this is
|
|
|
1521 assumed to specify a UNIX-like path of mimetype files (this is a colon
|
|
|
1522 separated string of pathnames). If the @code{MIMETYPES} environment
|
|
70
|
1523 variable is empty, then Emacs-W3 looks for these files:
|
|
0
|
1524
|
|
|
1525 @enumerate
|
|
|
1526 @item
|
|
|
1527 @file{~/.mime-types}
|
|
|
1528 @item
|
|
|
1529 @file{/etc/mime-types}
|
|
|
1530 @item
|
|
|
1531 @file{/usr/etc/mime-types}
|
|
|
1532 @item
|
|
|
1533 @file{/usr/local/etc/mime-types}
|
|
|
1534 @item
|
|
|
1535 @file{/usr/local/www/conf/mime-types}
|
|
|
1536 @end enumerate
|
|
|
1537
|
|
70
|
1538 Each line contains information for one http type. These types resemble
|
|
0
|
1539 MIME types. To add new ones, use subtypes beginning with x-, such as
|
|
|
1540 application/x-myprogram. Lines beginning with # are comment lines, and
|
|
|
1541 suitably ignored. Each line consists of:
|
|
|
1542
|
|
|
1543 type/subtype ext1 ext2 ... ext@var{n}
|
|
|
1544
|
|
|
1545 type/subtype is the MIME-like type of the document. ext* is any number
|
|
|
1546 of space-separated filename extensions which correspond to the MIME
|
|
|
1547 type.
|
|
|
1548
|
|
70
|
1549 @node Specifying Viewers, ,Adding MIME types based on file extensions, MIME Support
|
|
0
|
1550 @section Specifying Viewers
|
|
70
|
1551 Not all files look as they should when parsed as an HTML document
|
|
0
|
1552 (whitespace is stripped, paragraphs are reformatted, and lots of little
|
|
|
1553 changes that make the document look unrecognizable). Files may be
|
|
|
1554 passed to external programs or Emacs Lisp functions to be viewed.
|
|
|
1555
|
|
70
|
1556 Not all files can be viewed accurately from within an Emacs session (GIF
|
|
0
|
1557 files for example, or audio files). For this reason, the user can
|
|
|
1558 specify file "viewers" based on MIME content-types. This is done with
|
|
|
1559 a standard mailcap file. @xref{Mailcap Files}
|
|
|
1560
|
|
|
1561 @findex mm-add-mailcap-entry
|
|
|
1562 As an alternative, the function @code{mm-add-mailcap-entry} can also be
|
|
|
1563 used from an appropriate hook.@xref{Hooks} This functions takes three
|
|
70
|
1564 arguments, the major type ("@i{image}"), the minor type ("@i{gif}"), and
|
|
|
1565 an assoc list of information about the viewer. Please see the URL
|
|
0
|
1566 documentation for more specific information on what this assoc list
|
|
|
1567 should look like.
|
|
|
1568
|
|
70
|
1569 @node Security, Non-Unix Operating Systems, , Top
|
|
0
|
1570 @chapter Security
|
|
|
1571 @cindex Security
|
|
|
1572 @cindex Paranoia
|
|
|
1573 There are an increasing number of ways to authenticate a user to a web
|
|
70
|
1574 service. Emacs-W3 tries to support as many as possible. Emacs-W3
|
|
0
|
1575 currently supports:
|
|
|
1576
|
|
|
1577 @table @b
|
|
|
1578 @item Basic Authentication
|
|
|
1579 @cindex Security, Basic
|
|
|
1580 @cindex HTTP/1.0 Authentication
|
|
|
1581 @cindex Authentication, Basic
|
|
|
1582 The weakest authentication available, not recommended if serious
|
|
|
1583 security is necessary. This is simply a string that looks like
|
|
|
1584 @samp{user:password} that has been Base64 encoded, as defined in RFC
|
|
|
1585 1421.
|
|
|
1586 @item Digest Authentication
|
|
|
1587 @cindex Security, Digest
|
|
|
1588 @cindex HTTP/1.0 Authentication
|
|
|
1589 @cindex Authentication, Digest
|
|
|
1590 Jeffery L. Hostetler, John Franks, Philip Hallam-Baker, Ari Luotonen,
|
|
|
1591 Eric W. Sink, and Lawrence C. Stewart have an internet draft for a new
|
|
|
1592 authentication mechanism. For the complete specification, please see
|
|
|
1593 draft-ietf-http-digest-aa-01.txt in the nearest internet drafts
|
|
|
1594 archive@footnote{One is ftp://ds.internic.net/internet-drafts}.
|
|
|
1595 @item SSL Encryption
|
|
|
1596 @cindex HTTP/1.0 Authentication
|
|
|
1597 @cindex Secure Sockets Layer
|
|
|
1598 @cindex SSL
|
|
|
1599 @cindex Gag Puke Retch
|
|
|
1600 @cindex Exportability
|
|
|
1601 @cindex Export Restrictions
|
|
|
1602 SSL is the @code{Secure Sockets Layer} interface developed by Netscape
|
|
70
|
1603 Communications @footnote{http://www.netscape.com/}. Emacs-W3 supports
|
|
|
1604 HTTP transfers over an SSL encrypted channel, if the appropriate files
|
|
0
|
1605 have been installed.@xref{Installing SSL}
|
|
70
|
1606 @item PGP/PEM
|
|
|
1607 @cindex HTTP/1.0 Authentication
|
|
|
1608 @cindex Public Key Cryptography
|
|
|
1609 @cindex Authentication, PGP
|
|
|
1610 @cindex Authentication, PEM
|
|
|
1611 @cindex RIPEM
|
|
|
1612 @cindex Public Key Cryptography
|
|
|
1613 @cindex PGP
|
|
|
1614 @cindex Pretty Good Privacy
|
|
|
1615 @cindex Encryption
|
|
|
1616 @cindex Security
|
|
|
1617 @cindex ITAR must die
|
|
|
1618 @cindex Stupid export restrictions
|
|
|
1619 @cindex Support your local crypto-anarchist
|
|
|
1620 @cindex NSA freaks
|
|
|
1621 A few servers still support this method of authentication, but it has
|
|
|
1622 been superseded by SSL and Secure-HTTP.@xref{Using PGP/PEM}
|
|
0
|
1623 @end table
|
|
|
1624
|
|
70
|
1625 @node Non-Unix Operating Systems, VMS, Security, Top
|
|
0
|
1626 @chapter Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
|
1627 @cindex Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
70
|
1628 @ifinfo
|
|
0
|
1629 @menu
|
|
70
|
1630 * VMS:: The wonderful world of VAX|AXP-VMS!
|
|
|
1631 * OS/2:: The next-best thing to Unix.
|
|
|
1632 * MS-DOS:: The wonderful world of MS-DOG!
|
|
|
1633 * 32-Bit Windows:: Windows NT, Chicago/Windows 95.
|
|
|
1634 * Amiga:: The Amiga, for those who still love them.
|
|
0
|
1635 @end menu
|
|
70
|
1636 @end ifinfo
|
|
0
|
1637
|
|
|
1638 @node VMS, OS/2, Non-Unix Operating Systems, Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
|
1639 @section VMS
|
|
|
1640 @cindex VAX-VMS
|
|
|
1641 @cindex AXP-VMS
|
|
|
1642 @cindex Digital VMS
|
|
|
1643 @cindex VMS
|
|
|
1644 :: WORK :: VMS Specific instriuctions
|
|
|
1645
|
|
|
1646 @node OS/2, MS-DOS, VMS, Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
|
1647 @section OS/2
|
|
|
1648 @cindex OS/2
|
|
|
1649 @cindex Warp
|
|
|
1650 :: WORK :: OS/2 Specific instructions
|
|
|
1651
|
|
70
|
1652 @node MS-DOS, 32-Bit Windows, OS/2, Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
0
|
1653 @section MS-DOS
|
|
|
1654 @cindex MS-DOS
|
|
|
1655 @cindex Microsloth
|
|
|
1656 @cindex DOS
|
|
|
1657 @cindex MS-DOG
|
|
|
1658 :: WORK :: DOS Specific instructions
|
|
|
1659
|
|
70
|
1660 @node 32-Bit Windows, Amiga, MS-DOS, Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
|
1661 @section 32-Bit Windows
|
|
0
|
1662 @cindex Windows (32-Bit)
|
|
|
1663 @cindex 32-Bit Windows
|
|
|
1664 @cindex Microsloth
|
|
|
1665 @cindex Windows '95
|
|
|
1666 :: WORK :: 32bit Windows Specific instructions
|
|
|
1667
|
|
70
|
1668 @node Amiga, Advanced Features, 32-Bit Windows, Non-Unix Operating Systems
|
|
|
1669 @section Amiga
|
|
|
1670 @cindex Amiga
|
|
|
1671 @cindex Commodore
|
|
|
1672 :: WORK :: Amiga specific instructions
|
|
26
|
1673
|
|
70
|
1674 @node Advanced Features, Style Sheets, Amiga, Top
|
|
0
|
1675 @chapter Advanced Features
|
|
|
1676
|
|
70
|
1677 @ifinfo
|
|
0
|
1678 @menu
|
|
70
|
1679 * Style Sheets:: Formatting control, the right way
|
|
|
1680 * Disk Caching:: Improving performance by using a local disk cache
|
|
|
1681 * Interfacing to Mail/News:: How to make VM understand hypertext links
|
|
|
1682 * Debugging HTML:: How to make Emacs-W3 display warnings about invalid
|
|
|
1683 HTML/HTML+ constructs.
|
|
|
1684 * Native WAIS Support:: How to make Emacs-W3 understand WAIS links without
|
|
|
1685 using a gateway.
|
|
|
1686 * Rating Links:: How to make Emacs-W3 put an 'interestingness' value
|
|
|
1687 next to each link.
|
|
|
1688 * Gopher Plus Support:: How Emacs-W3 makes use of the Gopher+ protocol.
|
|
|
1689 * Hooks:: Various hooks to use throughout Emacs-W3
|
|
|
1690 * Other Variables:: Miscellaneous variables that control the real
|
|
|
1691 guts of Emacs-W3.
|
|
0
|
1692 @end menu
|
|
70
|
1693 @end ifinfo
|
|
26
|
1694
|
|
70
|
1695 @node Style Sheets, Disk Caching, Advanced Features, Advanced Features
|
|
|
1696 @section Style Sheets
|
|
|
1697 @cindex Formatting control
|
|
|
1698 @cindex Style sheets
|
|
|
1699 @cindex Look and Feel
|
|
|
1700 @cindex Layout control
|
|
|
1701 @cindex Experimental style sheet mechanism
|
|
|
1702 Emacs-W3 currently supports the experimental style sheet mechanism
|
|
|
1703 proposed by H&kon W. Lie of the W3 Consortium. This allows for the
|
|
|
1704 author to specify what a document should look like, and yet allow the
|
|
|
1705 end user to override any of the stylistic changes. This allows for
|
|
|
1706 people with special needs (most notably the visually impaired) to
|
|
|
1707 override style bindings that could make a document totally
|
|
|
1708 unreadable.
|
|
|
1709
|
|
|
1710 @example
|
|
|
1711 <style notation="css">
|
|
|
1712 /* This is a comment
|
|
|
1713 ** These will be ignored, up to the terminating */
|
|
|
1714
|
|
|
1715 h1 @{ align: center,
|
|
|
1716 color: yellow,
|
|
|
1717 background: red,
|
|
|
1718 font-size: 24pt
|
|
|
1719 @}
|
|
|
1720 h2 @{ align: right,
|
|
|
1721 font-family: palatino,
|
|
|
1722 font-size: 18pt
|
|
|
1723 @}
|
|
|
1724 </style>
|
|
|
1725 @end example
|
|
|
1726
|
|
|
1727 :: WORK :: Much more information on stylesheets
|
|
|
1728
|
|
|
1729 @cindex <style>
|
|
|
1730 To include a stylesheet into a document, simply use the <style> tag.
|
|
|
1731 Use the @b{notation} attribute to specify what language the stylesheet
|
|
|
1732 is specified in. The default is @b{css}. The data between the <style>
|
|
|
1733 and </style> tags is the stylsheet proper - no HTML parsing is done to
|
|
|
1734 this data - it is treated similar to an <XMP> section of text. To
|
|
|
1735 reference an external stylesheet, use the <link> tag.
|
|
|
1736 @example
|
|
|
1737 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/bill.style">
|
|
|
1738 @end example
|
|
|
1739 If these two mechanisms are mixed, then the URL is resolved first, and
|
|
|
1740 the contents of the <style> tag take precedence if there are any
|
|
|
1741 conflicting directives.
|
|
|
1742
|
|
|
1743 @cindex DSSSL
|
|
|
1744 @cindex DSSSL-lite
|
|
|
1745 In the future, DSSSL and DSSSL-lite will be supported as valid
|
|
|
1746 stylesheet languages, but not in this release. For more information on
|
|
|
1747 DSSSL-lite see http://www.falch.no/~pepper/DSSSL-Lite/ - for more
|
|
|
1748 information on full DSSSL, see
|
|
|
1749 ftp://ftp.jclark.com/pub/dsssl/dsssl.ps.gz
|
|
|
1750
|
|
|
1751 @node Disk Caching, Interfacing to Mail/News, Style Sheets, Advanced Features
|
|
0
|
1752 @section Disk Caching
|
|
|
1753 @cindex Caching
|
|
|
1754 @cindex Persistent Cache
|
|
|
1755 @cindex Disk Cache
|
|
|
1756 A cache stores the information on a page on the local machine. When
|
|
70
|
1757 requesting a page that is in the cache, Emacs-W3 can retrieve the page
|
|
0
|
1758 from the cache more quickly than retrieving the page again from its
|
|
|
1759 location out on the network. With a well-populated cache, browsing the
|
|
|
1760 web is dramatically faster.
|
|
|
1761
|
|
70
|
1762 The first time a page is requested, Emacs-W3 retrieves the page from the
|
|
|
1763 network. When requesting a page that is in the cache, Emacs-W3 checks
|
|
0
|
1764 to see if the page has changed since it was last retrieved from the
|
|
|
1765 remote machine. If it has not changed, the local copy is used, saving
|
|
|
1766 the transmission of the file over the network.
|
|
|
1767
|
|
|
1768 @vindex url-automatic-caching
|
|
|
1769 @cindex Turning on caching
|
|
|
1770 @cindex Cleaning the cache
|
|
|
1771 @cindex Clearing the cache
|
|
|
1772 @cindex Cache cleaning
|
|
|
1773 @cindex Limiting the size of the cache
|
|
|
1774 To turn on disk caching, set the variable @code{url-automatic-caching}
|
|
|
1775 to non-@code{nil}, or choose the 'Caching' menu item (under `Options').
|
|
|
1776 That is all there is to it. Running the @code{clean-cache} shell script
|
|
|
1777 fist is recommended, to allow for future cleaning of the cache. This
|
|
|
1778 shell script will remove all files that have not been accessed since it
|
|
|
1779 was last run. To keep the cache pared down, it is recommended that this
|
|
|
1780 script be run from @i{at} or @i{cron} (see the manual pages for
|
|
|
1781 crontab(5) or at(1) for more information)
|
|
|
1782
|
|
|
1783
|
|
|
1784 @cindex Relying on cache
|
|
|
1785 @cindex Cache only mode
|
|
|
1786 @cindex Standalone mode
|
|
|
1787 @cindex Browsing with no network connection
|
|
|
1788 @cindex Netless browsing
|
|
|
1789 @vindex url-standalone-mode
|
|
|
1790 With a large cache of documents on the local disk, it can be very handy
|
|
|
1791 when traveling, or any other time the network connection is not active
|
|
70
|
1792 (a laptop with a dial-on-demand PPP connection, etc). Emacs-W3 can rely
|
|
0
|
1793 solely on its cache, and avoid checking to see if the page has changed
|
|
|
1794 on the remote server. In the case of a dial-on-demand PPP connection,
|
|
|
1795 this will keep the phone line free as long as possible, only bringing up
|
|
|
1796 the PPP connection when asking for a page that is not located in the
|
|
|
1797 cache. This is very useful for demonstrations as well. To turn this
|
|
|
1798 feature on, set the variable @code{url-standalone-mode} to
|
|
|
1799 non-@code{nil}, or choose the `Use Cache Only' menu item (under
|
|
|
1800 `Options')
|
|
|
1801
|
|
70
|
1802 @cindex Caching options
|
|
|
1803 @cindex Alternate caching method
|
|
|
1804 Emacs-W3 caches files under the temporary directory specified by
|
|
|
1805 @code{url-temporary-directory}, in a user-specific subdirectory
|
|
|
1806 (determined by the @code{user-real-login-name} function). The cache
|
|
|
1807 files are stored under their original names, so a URL like:
|
|
|
1808 http://www.aventail.com/foo/bar/baz.html would be stored in a cache file
|
|
|
1809 named: /tmp/wmperry/com/aventail/www/foo/bar/baz.html. Sometimes,
|
|
|
1810 espcially with gopher links, there will be name conflicts, and an error
|
|
|
1811 will be signalled. This cannot be avoided, and still have reasonable
|
|
|
1812 performance at startup time (reading in an index file of all the cached
|
|
|
1813 pages can take a long time on slow machines, or even fast machines with
|
|
|
1814 large caches). When running XEmacs 19.12 or later, a different naming
|
|
|
1815 scheme can be used. This avoids name conflicts, but loses the human
|
|
|
1816 readability of the cache file names. The cache files will look like:
|
|
|
1817 /tmp/wmperry/acbd18db4cc2f85cedef654fccc4a4d8, which is certainly
|
|
|
1818 unique, but not very user-friendly. To turn this on, add this to the
|
|
|
1819 @file{.emacs} file:
|
|
|
1820
|
|
|
1821
|
|
|
1822 @example
|
|
|
1823 (add-hook 'w3-load-hooks '(lambda ()
|
|
|
1824 (fset 'url-create-cached-filename
|
|
|
1825 'url-create-cached-filename-using-md5)))
|
|
|
1826 @end example
|
|
|
1827
|
|
|
1828 If other versions of emacs will not be sharing the cache, I highly
|
|
|
1829 recommend this method of creating the cache filename.
|
|
|
1830
|
|
|
1831
|
|
0
|
1832 @node Interfacing to Mail/News, Debugging HTML, Disk Caching, Advanced Features
|
|
|
1833 @section Interfacing to Mail/News
|
|
|
1834 @cindex Interfacing to Mail/News
|
|
|
1835 @cindex VM
|
|
70
|
1836 @cindex Using Emacs-W3 with VM
|
|
0
|
1837 @cindex GNUS
|
|
70
|
1838 @cindex Using Emacs-W3 with Gnus
|
|
0
|
1839 @cindex RMAIL
|
|
70
|
1840 @cindex Using Emacs-W3 with RMAIL
|
|
|
1841 More and more people are including URLs in their signatures, and within
|
|
0
|
1842 the body of mail messages. It can get quite tedious to type these into
|
|
|
1843 the minibuffer to follow one.
|
|
|
1844
|
|
2
|
1845 @vindex browse-url-browser-function
|
|
|
1846 With the latest versions of VM (the 5.9x series of betas) and Gnus
|
|
70
|
1847 (5.x), URLs are automatically highlighted, and can be followed with the
|
|
|
1848 mouse or the return key. How the URLs are viewed is determined by the
|
|
2
|
1849 variable @code{browse-url-browser-function}, and it should be set to the
|
|
|
1850 symbol @code{browse-url-w3}.
|
|
0
|
1851
|
|
70
|
1852 To access URLs from within RMAIL, the following hook should do the
|
|
0
|
1853 trick.
|
|
|
1854 @example
|
|
|
1855 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
|
|
|
1856 (function
|
|
|
1857 (lambda ()
|
|
|
1858 (define-key rmail-mode-map [mouse-2] 'w3-maybe-follow-link-mouse)
|
|
|
1859 (define-key rmail-mode-map "\r" 'w3-maybe-follow-link))))
|
|
|
1860 @end example
|
|
|
1861
|
|
70
|
1862 @node Debugging HTML, Native WAIS Support, Interfacing to Mail/News, Advanced Features
|
|
0
|
1863 @section Debugging HTML
|
|
|
1864 @cindex Debugging
|
|
|
1865 @cindex Invalid HTML
|
|
|
1866 @cindex Bad HTML
|
|
|
1867 @vindex w3-debug-buffer
|
|
|
1868 @vindex w3-debug-html
|
|
|
1869 For those people that are adventurous, or are just as anal as I am about
|
|
70
|
1870 people writing valid HTML, set the variable @code{w3-debug-html} to
|
|
0
|
1871 @code{t} and see what happens.
|
|
|
1872
|
|
|
1873
|
|
70
|
1874 If a Emacs-W3 thinks it has encountered invalid HTML, then a debugging
|
|
0
|
1875 message is displayed.
|
|
|
1876
|
|
|
1877 :: WORK :: Need to list the different values w3-debug-html can have, and
|
|
|
1878 :: WORK :: what they do ::
|
|
|
1879
|
|
70
|
1880 @node Native WAIS Support, Rating Links, Debugging HTML, Advanced Features
|
|
|
1881 @section Native WAIS Support
|
|
|
1882 This version of Emacs-W3 supports native WAIS querying (earlier
|
|
|
1883 versions required the use of a gateway program). In order to use the
|
|
|
1884 native WAIS support, a working @dfn{waisq} binary is required. I
|
|
|
1885 recommend the distribution from think.com -
|
|
|
1886 ftp://think.com/wais/wais-8-b6.1.tar.Z is a good place to start.
|
|
|
1887
|
|
|
1888 @vindex url-waisq-prog
|
|
|
1889 @vindex url-wais-gateway-server
|
|
|
1890 @vindex url-wais-gateway-port
|
|
|
1891 The variable @code{url-waisq-prog} must point to this executable, and
|
|
|
1892 one of @code{url-wais-gateway-server} or @code{url-wais-gateway-port}
|
|
|
1893 should be @code{nil}.
|
|
|
1894
|
|
|
1895 When a WAIS URL is encountered, a form will be automatically generated
|
|
|
1896 and displayed. After typing in the search term, the query will be sent
|
|
|
1897 to the server by running the @code{url-waisq-prog} in a subprocess. The
|
|
|
1898 results will be converted into HTML and displayed.
|
|
|
1899
|
|
|
1900 @node Rating Links, Gopher Plus Support, Native WAIS Support, Advanced Features
|
|
|
1901 @section Rating Links
|
|
|
1902 The @code{w3-link-info-display-function} variable can be used to 'rate' a URL
|
|
|
1903 when it shows up in an HTML page. If non-@code{nil}, then this should
|
|
|
1904 be a list specifying (or a symbol specifying the name) of a function.
|
|
|
1905 This function should expect one argument, a fully specified URL, and
|
|
|
1906 should return a string. This string is inserted after the link
|
|
|
1907 text.
|
|
|
1908
|
|
|
1909 If a user has decided that all links served from blort.com are too laden
|
|
|
1910 with images, and wants to be warned that a link points at this host,
|
|
|
1911 they could do something like this:
|
|
|
1912
|
|
|
1913 @example
|
|
|
1914 (defun check-url (url)
|
|
|
1915 (if (string-match "://[^/]blort.com" url)
|
|
|
1916 "[SLOW!]" ""))
|
|
|
1917
|
|
|
1918 (setq w3-link-info-display-function 'check-url)
|
|
|
1919 @end example
|
|
|
1920
|
|
|
1921 So that all links pointing to any site at blort.com shows up as "Some
|
|
|
1922 link[SLOW!]" instead of just "Some link".
|
|
|
1923
|
|
|
1924 @node Gopher Plus Support, Hooks, Rating Links, Advanced Features
|
|
|
1925 @section Gopher+ Support
|
|
|
1926 @cindex Gopher+
|
|
|
1927 The gopher+ support in Emacs-W3 is limited to the conversion of ASK
|
|
|
1928 blocks into HTML 3.0 forms, and the usage of the content-length given by
|
|
|
1929 the gopher+ server to give a nice status bar on the bottom of the
|
|
|
1930 screen.
|
|
|
1931
|
|
|
1932 This will hopefully be extended to include the Gopher+ method of
|
|
|
1933 content-type negotiation, but this may be a while.
|
|
|
1934
|
|
|
1935 @node Hooks, Other Variables, Gopher Plus Support, Advanced Features
|
|
0
|
1936 @section Hooks
|
|
|
1937 @cindex Hooks
|
|
|
1938 These are the various hooks that can be used to customize some of
|
|
70
|
1939 Emacs-W3's behavior. They are arranged in the order in which they would
|
|
|
1940 happen when retrieving a document. All of these are functions (or lists
|
|
|
1941 of functions) that are called consecutively.
|
|
0
|
1942
|
|
|
1943 @table @code
|
|
70
|
1944 @vindex w3-load-hooks
|
|
|
1945 @item w3-load-hooks
|
|
|
1946 These hooks are run by @code{w3-do-setup} the first time a URL is
|
|
|
1947 fetched. All the w3 variables are initialized before this hook is
|
|
|
1948 run.
|
|
|
1949 @item w3-file-done-hooks
|
|
|
1950 These hooks are run by @code{w3-prepare-buffer} after all parsing on a
|
|
|
1951 document has been done. All @code{url-current-}@var{*} and
|
|
|
1952 @code{w3-current-}@var{*} variables are initialized when this hook is run.
|
|
|
1953 This is run before the buffer is shown, and before any inlined images
|
|
|
1954 are downloaded and converted.
|
|
|
1955 @item w3-file-prepare-hooks
|
|
|
1956 These hooks are run by @code{w3-prepare-buffer} before any parsing is
|
|
|
1957 done on the HTML file. The HTTP/1.0 headers specified by
|
|
|
1958 @code{w3-show-headers} have been inserted, the syntax table has been set
|
|
|
1959 to @code{w3-parse-args-syntax-table}, and any personal annotations have
|
|
|
1960 been inserted by the time this hook is run.
|
|
|
1961 @item w3-mode-hooks
|
|
0
|
1962 These hooks are run after a buffer has been parsed and displayed, but
|
|
|
1963 before any inlined images are downloaded and converted.
|
|
70
|
1964 @item w3-source-file-hooks
|
|
|
1965 These hooks are run after displaying a document's source
|
|
0
|
1966 @end table
|
|
|
1967
|
|
70
|
1968 @node Other Variables, , Hooks, Advanced Features
|
|
0
|
1969 @section Miscellaneous variables
|
|
70
|
1970 There are lots of variables that control the real nitty-gritty of Emacs-W3
|
|
0
|
1971 that the beginning user probably shouldn't mess with. Here they are.
|
|
|
1972
|
|
|
1973 @table @code
|
|
|
1974 @item url-bad-port-list
|
|
|
1975 @vindex url-bad-port-list
|
|
|
1976 List of ports to warn the user about connecting to. Defaults to just
|
|
70
|
1977 the mail and NNTP ports so a malicious HTML author cannot spoof mail or
|
|
0
|
1978 news to other people.
|
|
|
1979 @item url-confirmation-func
|
|
|
1980 @vindex url-confirmation-func
|
|
|
1981 What function to use for asking yes or no functions. Possible values
|
|
|
1982 are @code{'yes-or-no-p} or @code{'y-or-n-p}, or any function that takes
|
|
|
1983 a single argument (the prompt), and returns @code{t} only if a positive
|
|
|
1984 answer is gotten. Defaults to @code{'yes-or-no-p}.
|
|
|
1985 @item w3-default-action
|
|
|
1986 @vindex w3-default-action
|
|
|
1987 A lisp symbol specifying what action to take for files with extensions
|
|
|
1988 that are not in the @code{mm-mime-extensions} assoc list. This is
|
|
70
|
1989 useful in case Emacs-W3 ever run across files with weird extensions
|
|
0
|
1990 (.foo, .README, .READMEFIRST, etc.). In most circumstances, this should
|
|
|
1991 not be required anymore.
|
|
|
1992
|
|
|
1993 Possible values: any lisp symbol. Should be a function that takes no
|
|
|
1994 arguments. The return value does not matter, it is ignored. Some examples
|
|
|
1995 are @code{'w3-prepare-buffer} or @code{'indented-text-mode}.
|
|
|
1996 @ignore
|
|
|
1997 @item w3-icon-directory-list
|
|
|
1998 @vindex w3-icon-directory-list
|
|
|
1999 A list of directorys to look in for the w3 standard icons... must end
|
|
|
2000 in a /! If the directory @code{data-directory}/w3 exists, then this is
|
|
|
2001 automatically added to the default value of
|
|
|
2002 http://cs.indiana.edu/elisp/w3/icons/.
|
|
|
2003 @end ignore
|
|
|
2004 @item w3-keep-old-buffers
|
|
|
2005 @vindex w3-keep-old-buffers
|
|
|
2006 Whether to keep old buffers around when following links. To avoid lots
|
|
|
2007 of buffers in one Emacs session, set this variable to @code{nil}. I
|
|
|
2008 recommend setting it to @code{t}, so that backtracking from one link to
|
|
|
2009 another is faster.
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011 @item url-passwd-entry-func
|
|
|
2012 @vindex url-passwd-entry-func
|
|
|
2013 This is a symbol indicating which function to call to read in a
|
|
|
2014 password. If this variable is @code{nil} at startup, it is initialized
|
|
|
2015 depending on whether @dfn{EFS} or @dfn{ange-ftp} is being used. This
|
|
|
2016 function should accept the prompt string as its first argument, and the
|
|
|
2017 default value as its second argument.
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019 @item w3-reuse-buffers
|
|
|
2020 @vindex w3-reuse-buffers
|
|
|
2021 Determines what happens when @code{w3-fetch} is called on a document
|
|
|
2022 that has already been loaded into another buffer. Possible values are:
|
|
|
2023 @code{nil}, @code{yes}, and @code{no}. @code{nil} will ask the user if
|
|
70
|
2024 Emacs-W3 should reuse the buffer (this is the default value). A value of
|
|
0
|
2025 @code{yes} means assume the user wants to always reuse the buffer. A
|
|
|
2026 value of @code{no} means assume the user always wants to re-fetch the
|
|
|
2027 document.
|
|
|
2028 @item w3-show-headers
|
|
|
2029 @vindex w3-show-headers
|
|
70
|
2030 This is a list of HTTP/1.0 headers to show at the end of a buffer. All
|
|
0
|
2031 the headers should be in lowercase. They are inserted at the end of the
|
|
|
2032 buffer in a <UL> list. Alternatively, if this is simply @code{t}, then
|
|
70
|
2033 all the HTTP/1.0 headers are shown. The default value is
|
|
0
|
2034 @code{nil}.
|
|
|
2035 @item w3-show-status, url-show-status
|
|
|
2036 @vindex url-show-status
|
|
|
2037 @vindex w3-show-status
|
|
|
2038 Whether to show progress messages in the minibuffer.
|
|
|
2039 @code{w3-show-status} controls if messages about the parsing are
|
|
|
2040 displayed, and @code{url-show-status} controls if a running total of the
|
|
|
2041 number of bytes transferred is displayed. These Can cause a large
|
|
|
2042 performance hit if using a remote X display over a slow link, or a
|
|
|
2043 terminal with a slow modem.
|
|
|
2044 @item mm-content-transfer-encodings
|
|
|
2045 @vindex mm-content-transfer-encodings
|
|
|
2046 An assoc list of @var{Content-Transfer-Encodings} or
|
|
|
2047 @var{Content-Encodings} and the appropriate decoding algorithms for each.
|
|
|
2048 If the @code{cdr} of a node is a list, then this specifies the decoder is
|
|
|
2049 an external program, with the program as the first item in the list, and
|
|
|
2050 the rest of the list specifying arguments to be passed on the command line.
|
|
|
2051 If using an external decoder, it must accept its input from @code{stdin}
|
|
|
2052 and send its output to @code{stdout}.
|
|
|
2053
|
|
|
2054 If the @code{cdr} of a node is a symbol whose function definition is
|
|
|
2055 non-@code{nil}, then that encoding can be handled internally. The function
|
|
|
2056 is called with 2 arguments, buffer positions bounding the region to be
|
|
|
2057 decoded. The function should completely replace that region with the
|
|
|
2058 unencoded information.
|
|
|
2059
|
|
|
2060 Currently supported transfer encodings are: base64, x-gzip, 7bit, 8bit,
|
|
|
2061 binary, x-compress, x-hqx, and quoted-printable.
|
|
|
2062 @item url-uncompressor-alist
|
|
|
2063 @vindex url-uncompressor-alist
|
|
|
2064 An assoc list of file extensions and the appropriate uncompression
|
|
|
2065 programs for each. This is used to build the Accept-encoding header for
|
|
70
|
2066 HTTP/1.0 requests.
|
|
|
2067 @item url-waisq-prog
|
|
|
2068 @vindex url-waisq-prog
|
|
|
2069 Name of the waisq executable on this system. This should be the
|
|
|
2070 @file{waisq} program from think.com's wais8-b5.1 distribution.
|
|
0
|
2071 @end table
|
|
|
2072
|
|
70
|
2073 @node More Help, Future Directions, , Top
|
|
0
|
2074 @chapter More Help
|
|
|
2075 @cindex Relevant Newsgroups
|
|
|
2076 @cindex Newsgroups
|
|
|
2077 @cindex Support
|
|
70
|
2078 For more help on Emacs-W3, please send me mail
|
|
0
|
2079 (@i{wmperry@@cs.indiana.edu}). Several discussion lists have also been
|
|
70
|
2080 created for Emacs-W3. To subscribe, send mail to
|
|
0
|
2081 @i{majordomo@@indiana.edu}, with the body of the message 'subscribe
|
|
|
2082 @var{listname} @var{<email addres>}'. All other mail should go to
|
|
|
2083 @i{<listname>@@indiana.edu}.
|
|
|
2084
|
|
|
2085
|
|
|
2086 @itemize @bullet
|
|
|
2087 @item
|
|
70
|
2088 w3-announce -- this list is for anyone interested in Emacs-W3, and
|
|
0
|
2089 should in general only be used by me. The gnu.emacs.sources newsgroup
|
|
|
2090 and a few other mailing lists are included on this. Please only use
|
|
70
|
2091 this list for major package releases related to Emacs-W3.
|
|
0
|
2092 (@i{www-announce@@w3.org} is included on this list).
|
|
|
2093 @item
|
|
70
|
2094 w3-beta -- this list is for beta testers of Emacs-W3. These brave souls test
|
|
0
|
2095 out not-quite stable code.
|
|
|
2096 @item
|
|
|
2097 w3-dev -- a list consisting of myself and a few other people who are
|
|
70
|
2098 interested in the internals of Emacs-W3, and doing active development work.
|
|
0
|
2099 Pretty dead right now, but I hope it will grow.
|
|
|
2100 @end itemize
|
|
|
2101
|
|
|
2102 For more help on the World Wide Web in general, please refer to the
|
|
|
2103 comp.infosystems.www.* newsgroups. There are also several discussion
|
|
|
2104 lists concerning the Web. Send mail to @i{<listname>-request@@w3.org}
|
|
|
2105 with a subject line of 'subscribe <listname>'. All mail should go to
|
|
|
2106 @i{<listname>@@w3.org}. Administrative mail should go to
|
|
|
2107 @i{www-admin@@w3.org}. The lists are:
|
|
|
2108
|
|
|
2109
|
|
|
2110 @itemize @bullet
|
|
|
2111 @item
|
|
|
2112 www-talk -- for general discussion of the World Wide Web, where its
|
|
|
2113 going, new features, etc. All the major developers are subscribed to
|
|
|
2114 this list.
|
|
|
2115 @item
|
|
|
2116 www-announce -- for announcements concerning the World Wide Web. Server
|
|
|
2117 changes, new servers, new software, etc.
|
|
|
2118 @end itemize
|
|
|
2119
|
|
|
2120 As a last resort, mail me. I'll try to answer as quickly as I can.
|
|
|
2121
|
|
2
|
2122 @node Future Directions, Reporting Bugs, More Help, Top
|
|
0
|
2123 @chapter Future Directions
|
|
|
2124 Changes are constantly being made to the Emacs browser (hopefully all
|
|
|
2125 for the better). This is a list of the things that are being worked on
|
|
|
2126 right now.
|
|
|
2127
|
|
|
2128 :: WORK :: Revamp the todo list
|
|
|
2129
|
|
70
|
2130 @node Reporting Bugs, Installing SSL, Future Directions, Top
|
|
0
|
2131 @appendix Reporting Bugs
|
|
|
2132 @cindex Reporting Bugs
|
|
|
2133 @cindex Bugs
|
|
|
2134 @cindex Contacting the author
|
|
|
2135
|
|
70
|
2136 :: WORK :: Reporting bugs needs work.
|
|
22
|
2137
|
|
70
|
2138 @node Installing SSL, Using PGP/PEM, Reporting Bugs, Top
|
|
0
|
2139 @appendix Installing SSL
|
|
|
2140 @cindex HTTP/1.0 Authentication
|
|
|
2141 @cindex Secure Sockets Layer
|
|
|
2142 @cindex SSL
|
|
|
2143 @cindex Gag Puke Retch
|
|
|
2144 @cindex Exportability
|
|
|
2145 @cindex Export Restrictions
|
|
70
|
2146 In order to use SSL in Emacs-W3, an implementation of SSL is necessary.
|
|
|
2147 These are the implementations that I am aware of:
|
|
32
|
2148
|
|
|
2149 @table @code
|
|
70
|
2150 @item SSLRef 2.0
|
|
|
2151 Available from Netscape Communications @footnote{http://www.netscape.com/newsref/std/sslref.html}. This requires the
|
|
|
2152 RSARef library, which is not exportable. The RSARef library is
|
|
|
2153 available from ftp://ftp.rsa.com/rsaref/
|
|
|
2154 @item SSLeay 0.4
|
|
|
2155 An implementation by Eric Young (eay@@mincom.oz.au) that is free for
|
|
|
2156 commerial or noncommercial use, and was developed completely outside the
|
|
|
2157 US by a non-US citizen. More information can be found at
|
|
|
2158 ftp://ftp.psy.uq.oz.au/pub/Crypto/SSL/
|
|
|
2159 @end table
|
|
|
2160
|
|
0
|
2161 @vindex ssl-program-name
|
|
70
|
2162 Whichever reference implementation is used (I recommend the SSLeay
|
|
|
2163 distribution, just to thumb a nose at the NSA :), there is a program
|
|
|
2164 that can be run in a subprocess that takes a hostname and port number on
|
|
|
2165 the command line, and reads/writes to standard input/output (the
|
|
|
2166 Netscape implementation comes with one of these by default). Set the
|
|
|
2167 variable @code{ssl-program-name} to point to this program.
|
|
|
2168
|
|
|
2169
|
|
|
2170 This should be all the configuration necessary. In the future, I will
|
|
|
2171 be distributing a set of patches to Emacs 19.xx and XEmacs 19.xx to
|
|
|
2172 SSL-enable them, for the sake of speed.
|
|
|
2173
|
|
|
2174 @node Using PGP/PEM, Mailcap Files, Installing SSL, Top
|
|
|
2175 @appendix Using PGP/PEM
|
|
|
2176 @cindex HTTP/1.0 Authentication
|
|
|
2177 @cindex Public Key Cryptography
|
|
|
2178 @cindex Authentication, PGP
|
|
|
2179 @cindex Authentication, PEM
|
|
|
2180 @cindex RIPEM
|
|
|
2181 @cindex Public Key Cryptography
|
|
|
2182 @cindex PGP
|
|
|
2183 @cindex Pretty Good Privacy
|
|
|
2184 @cindex Encryption
|
|
|
2185 @cindex Security
|
|
|
2186 @cindex ITAR must die
|
|
|
2187 @cindex Stupid export restrictions
|
|
|
2188 @cindex Support your local crypto-anarchist
|
|
|
2189 @cindex NSA freaks
|
|
|
2190 Most of this chapter has been reproduced from the original documentation
|
|
|
2191 written by Rob McCool (@i{robm@@netscape.com})@footnote{See
|
|
|
2192 http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/docs/PEMPGP.html for the original}.
|
|
|
2193
|
|
|
2194 RIPEM is 'Riordan's Internet Privacy Enhanced Mail', and is currently on
|
|
|
2195 version 1.2b3. US citizens can ftp it from
|
|
|
2196 ftp://ripem.msu.edu/pub/crypt/ripem.
|
|
|
2197
|
|
|
2198 PGP is 'Pretty Good Privacy', and is currently on version 2.6. The
|
|
|
2199 legal controversies that plagued earlier versions have been resolved, so
|
|
|
2200 this is a competely legal program now. There is also a legal version
|
|
|
2201 for european users, called 2.6ui (the Unofficial International
|
|
|
2202 version).
|
|
|
2203
|
|
|
2204 PGP and PEM are programs that allow two parties to communicate in a way
|
|
|
2205 which does not allow third parties to read them, and which certify that
|
|
|
2206 the person who sent the message is really who they claim they are.
|
|
|
2207
|
|
|
2208
|
|
|
2209 PGP and PEM both use RSA encryption. The U.S. government has strict
|
|
|
2210 export controls over foreign use of this technology, so people outside
|
|
|
2211 the U.S. may have a difficult time finding programs which perform the
|
|
|
2212 encryption.
|
|
|
2213
|
|
|
2214 A working copy of either Pretty Good Privacy or RIPEM is required. You
|
|
|
2215 should be familiar with the program and have generated a public/private
|
|
|
2216 key pair.
|
|
|
2217
|
|
|
2218
|
|
|
2219 Currently, the protocol has been implemented with PEM and PGP using
|
|
|
2220 local key files on the server side, and on the client side with PEM
|
|
|
2221 using finger to retrieve the server's public key.
|
|
|
2222
|
|
|
2223 Parties who wish to use Emacs-W3 with PEM or PGP encryption will need to
|
|
|
2224 communicate beforehand and find a tamper-proof way to exchange their
|
|
|
2225 public keys.
|
|
|
2226
|
|
|
2227 Pioneers get shot full of arrows. This work is currently in the
|
|
|
2228 experimental stages and thus may have some problems that I have
|
|
|
2229 overlooked. The only known problem that I know about is that the
|
|
|
2230 messages are currently not timestamped. This means that a malicious
|
|
|
2231 user could record the encrypted message with a packet sniffer and repeat
|
|
|
2232 it back to the server ad nauseum. Although they would not be able to
|
|
|
2233 read the reply, if the request was for something being charged for, this
|
|
|
2234 could be very inconvenient.
|
|
|
2235
|
|
|
2236 This protocol is almost word-for-word a copy of Tony Sander's RIPEM
|
|
|
2237 based scheme, generalized a little. Below, wherever PEM is used,
|
|
|
2238 replace it with PGP, and the behaviour should remain the same.
|
|
32
|
2239
|
|
|
2240 @example
|
|
70
|
2241 *Client:*
|
|
|
2242
|
|
|
2243 GET /docs/protected.html HTTP/1.0
|
|
|
2244 UserAgent: Emacs-W3/2.1.x
|
|
|
2245
|
|
|
2246 *Server:*
|
|
|
2247
|
|
|
2248 HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized
|
|
|
2249 WWW-Authenticate: PEM entity="webmaster@@hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu"
|
|
|
2250 Server: NCSA/1.1
|
|
|
2251
|
|
|
2252 *Client:*
|
|
|
2253
|
|
|
2254 GET / HTTP/1.0
|
|
|
2255 Authorization: PEM entity="robm@@ncsa.uiuc.edu"
|
|
|
2256 Content-type: application/x-www-pem-request
|
|
|
2257
|
|
|
2258 --- BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE ---
|
|
|
2259 this is the real request, encrypted
|
|
|
2260 --- END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE ---
|
|
|
2261
|
|
|
2262 *Server:*
|
|
|
2263
|
|
|
2264 HTTP/1.0 200 OK
|
|
|
2265 Content-type: application/x-www-pem-reply
|
|
|
2266
|
|
|
2267 --- BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE ---
|
|
|
2268 this is the real reply, encrypted
|
|
|
2269 --- END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE ---
|
|
|
2270 That's it.
|
|
32
|
2271 @end example
|
|
|
2272
|
|
70
|
2273 @cindex Mailcrypt
|
|
|
2274 Emacs-W3 uses the excellent @i{mailcrypt}@footnote{Available from
|
|
|
2275 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/LCD/cover.html?mailcrypt} package written by
|
|
|
2276 Jin S Choi (@i{jsc@@mit.edu}). This package takes care of calling ripem
|
|
|
2277 and/or pgp with the correct arguments. Please see the documentation at
|
|
|
2278 the top of mailcrypt.el for instructions on using mailcrypt. All bug
|
|
|
2279 reports about mailcrypt should go to Jin S Choi, but bugs about how I
|
|
|
2280 use it in Emacs-W3 should of course be directed to me.
|
|
32
|
2281
|
|
70
|
2282 @node Mailcap Files, General Index, Using PGP/PEM, Top
|
|
0
|
2283 @appendix Mailcap Files
|
|
|
2284 NCSA Mosaic and almost all other WWW browsers rely on a separate file
|
|
|
2285 for mapping MIME types to external viewing programs. This takes some of
|
|
|
2286 the burden off of browser developers, so each browser does not have to
|
|
|
2287 support all image formats, or postscript, etc. Instead of having the
|
|
70
|
2288 users of Emacs-W3 duplicate this in lisp, this file can be parsed using
|
|
0
|
2289 the @code{mm-parse-mailcaps} function. This function is called each
|
|
70
|
2290 time Emacs-W3 is loaded. It tries to locate mimetype files in several
|
|
0
|
2291 places. If the environment variable @code{MAILCAPS} is nonempty, then
|
|
|
2292 this is assumed to specify a UNIX-like path of mimetype files (this is a
|
|
|
2293 colon separated string of pathnames). If the @code{MAILCAPS}
|
|
70
|
2294 environment variable is empty, then Emacs-W3 looks for these
|
|
0
|
2295 files:
|
|
|
2296
|
|
|
2297 @enumerate
|
|
|
2298 @item
|
|
|
2299 @file{~/.mailcap}
|
|
|
2300 @item
|
|
|
2301 @file{/etc/mailcap}
|
|
|
2302 @item
|
|
|
2303 @file{/usr/etc/mailcap}
|
|
|
2304 @item
|
|
|
2305 @file{/usr/local/etc/mailcap}
|
|
|
2306 @end enumerate
|
|
|
2307
|
|
|
2308 This format of this file is specified in RFC 1343, but a brief synopsis
|
|
|
2309 follows (this is taken verbatim from sections of RFC 1343).
|
|
|
2310
|
|
|
2311 Each mailcap file consists of a set of entries that describe the proper
|
|
|
2312 handling of one media type at the local site. For example, one line
|
|
|
2313 might tell how to display a message in Group III fax format. A mailcap
|
|
|
2314 file consists of a sequence of such individual entries, separated by
|
|
|
2315 newlines (according to the operating system's newline
|
|
|
2316 conventions). Blank lines and lines that start with the "#" character
|
|
|
2317 (ASCII 35) are considered comments, and are ignored. Long entries may
|
|
|
2318 be continued on multiple lines if each non-terminal line ends with a
|
|
|
2319 backslash character ('\', ASCII 92), in which case the multiple lines
|
|
|
2320 are to be treated as a single mailcap entry. Note that for such
|
|
|
2321 "continued" lines, the backslash must be the last character on the line
|
|
|
2322 to be continued.
|
|
|
2323
|
|
|
2324 Each mailcap entry consists of a number of fields, separated by
|
|
|
2325 semi-colons. The first two fields are required, and must occur in the
|
|
|
2326 specified order. The remaining fields are optional, and may appear in
|
|
|
2327 any order.
|
|
|
2328
|
|
|
2329 The first field is the content-type, which indicates the type of data
|
|
|
2330 this mailcap entry describes how to handle. It is to be matched against
|
|
|
2331 the type/subtype specification in the "Content-Type" header field of an
|
|
|
2332 Internet mail message. If the subtype is specified as "*", it is
|
|
|
2333 intended to match all subtypes of the named content-type.
|
|
|
2334
|
|
|
2335 The second field, view-command, is a specification of how the message or
|
|
|
2336 body part can be viewed at the local site. Although the syntax of this
|
|
|
2337 field is fully specified, the semantics of program execution are
|
|
|
2338 necessarily somewhat operating system dependent.
|
|
|
2339
|
|
|
2340 The optional fields, which may be given in any order, are as follows:
|
|
|
2341 @itemize @bullet
|
|
|
2342 @item
|
|
|
2343 The "compose" field may be used to specify a program that can be used to
|
|
|
2344 compose a new body or body part in the given format. Its intended use
|
|
|
2345 is to support mail composing agents that support the composition of
|
|
|
2346 multiple types of mail using external composing agents. As with the
|
|
|
2347 view- command, the semantics of program execution are operating system
|
|
|
2348 dependent. The result of the composing program may be data that is not
|
|
|
2349 yet suitable for mail transport---that is, a Content-Transfer-Encoding
|
|
|
2350 may need to be applied to the data.
|
|
|
2351 @item
|
|
|
2352 The "composetyped" field is similar to the "compose" field, but is to be
|
|
|
2353 used when the composing program needs to specify the Content-type header
|
|
|
2354 field to be applied to the composed data. The "compose" field is
|
|
|
2355 simpler, and is preferred for use with existing (non-mail-oriented)
|
|
|
2356 programs for composing data in a given format. The "composetyped" field
|
|
|
2357 is necessary when the Content-type information must include auxilliary
|
|
|
2358 parameters, and the composition program must then know enough about mail
|
|
|
2359 formats to produce output that includes the mail type
|
|
|
2360 information.
|
|
|
2361 @item
|
|
|
2362 The "edit" field may be used to specify a program that can be used to
|
|
|
2363 edit a body or body part in the given format. In many cases, it may be
|
|
|
2364 identical in content to the "compose" field, and shares the
|
|
|
2365 operating-system dependent semantics for program execution.
|
|
|
2366 @item
|
|
|
2367 The "print" field may be used to specify a program that can be used to
|
|
|
2368 print a message or body part in the given format. As with the
|
|
|
2369 view-command, the semantics of program execution are operating system
|
|
|
2370 dependent.
|
|
|
2371 @item
|
|
|
2372 The "test" field may be used to test some external condition (e.g. the
|
|
|
2373 machine architecture, or the window system in use) to determine whether
|
|
|
2374 or not the mailcap line applies. It specifies a program to be run to
|
|
|
2375 test some condition. The semantics of execution and of the value
|
|
|
2376 returned by the test program are operating system dependent. If the
|
|
|
2377 test fails, a subsequent mailcap entry should be sought. Multiple test
|
|
|
2378 fields are not permitted---since a test can call a program, it can
|
|
|
2379 already be arbitrarily complex.
|
|
|
2380 @item
|
|
|
2381 The "needsterminal" field indicates that the view-command must be run on
|
|
|
2382 an interactive terminal. This is needed to inform window-oriented user
|
|
|
2383 agents that an interactive terminal is needed. (The decision is not
|
|
|
2384 left exclusively to the view-command because in some circumstances it
|
|
|
2385 may not be possible for such programs to tell whether or not they are on
|
|
|
2386 interactive terminals.) The needsterminal command should be assumed to
|
|
|
2387 apply to the compose and edit commands, too, if they exist. Note that
|
|
|
2388 this is NOT a test---it is a requirement for the environment in which
|
|
|
2389 the program will be executed, and should typically cause the creation of
|
|
|
2390 a terminal window when not executed on either a real terminal or a
|
|
|
2391 terminal window.
|
|
|
2392 @item
|
|
|
2393 The "copiousoutput" field indicates that the output from the
|
|
|
2394 view-command will be an extended stream of output, and is to be
|
|
|
2395 interpreted as advice to the UA (User Agent mail- reading program) that
|
|
|
2396 the output should be either paged or made scrollable. Note that it is
|
|
|
2397 probably a mistake if needsterminal and copiousoutput are both
|
|
|
2398 specified.
|
|
|
2399 @item
|
|
|
2400 The "description" field simply provides a textual description,
|
|
|
2401 optionally quoted, that describes the type of data, to be used
|
|
|
2402 optionally by mail readers that wish to describe the data before
|
|
|
2403 offering to display it.
|
|
|
2404 @item
|
|
|
2405 The "x11-bitmap" field names a file, in X11 bitmap (xbm) format, which
|
|
|
2406 points to an appropriate icon to be used to visually denote the presence
|
|
|
2407 of this kind of data.
|
|
|
2408 @item
|
|
|
2409 Any other fields beginning with "x-" may be included for local or
|
|
|
2410 mailer-specific extensions of this format. Implementations should
|
|
|
2411 simply ignore all such unrecognized fields to permit such extensions,
|
|
|
2412 some of which might be standardized in a future version of this
|
|
|
2413 document.
|
|
|
2414 @end itemize
|
|
|
2415
|
|
70
|
2416 @node General Index, Key Index, Mailcap Files, Top
|
|
0
|
2417 @appendix General Index
|
|
|
2418 @printindex fn
|
|
70
|
2419 @node Key Index, , General Index, Top
|
|
0
|
2420 @appendix Key Index
|
|
|
2421 @printindex ky
|
|
|
2422 @contents
|
|
|
2423 @bye
|
