Mercurial > hg > xemacs-beta
annotate lisp/backquote.el @ 4952:19a72041c5ed
Mule-izing, various fixes related to char * arguments
-------------------- ChangeLog entries follow: --------------------
modules/ChangeLog addition:
2010-01-26 Ben Wing <ben@xemacs.org>
* postgresql/postgresql.c:
* postgresql/postgresql.c (CHECK_LIVE_CONNECTION):
* postgresql/postgresql.c (print_pgresult):
* postgresql/postgresql.c (Fpq_conn_defaults):
* postgresql/postgresql.c (Fpq_connectdb):
* postgresql/postgresql.c (Fpq_connect_start):
* postgresql/postgresql.c (Fpq_result_status):
* postgresql/postgresql.c (Fpq_res_status):
Mule-ize large parts of it.
2010-01-26 Ben Wing <ben@xemacs.org>
* ldap/eldap.c (print_ldap):
* ldap/eldap.c (allocate_ldap):
Use write_ascstring().
src/ChangeLog addition:
2010-01-26 Ben Wing <ben@xemacs.org>
* alloc.c:
* alloc.c (build_ascstring):
* alloc.c (build_msg_cistring):
* alloc.c (staticpro_1):
* alloc.c (staticpro_name):
* alloc.c (staticpro_nodump_1):
* alloc.c (staticpro_nodump_name):
* alloc.c (unstaticpro_nodump_1):
* alloc.c (mcpro_1):
* alloc.c (mcpro_name):
* alloc.c (object_memory_usage_stats):
* alloc.c (common_init_alloc_early):
* alloc.c (init_alloc_once_early):
* buffer.c (print_buffer):
* buffer.c (vars_of_buffer):
* buffer.c (common_init_complex_vars_of_buffer):
* buffer.c (init_initial_directory):
* bytecode.c (invalid_byte_code):
* bytecode.c (print_compiled_function):
* bytecode.c (mark_compiled_function):
* chartab.c (print_table_entry):
* chartab.c (print_char_table):
* config.h.in:
* console-gtk.c:
* console-gtk.c (gtk_device_to_console_connection):
* console-gtk.c (gtk_semi_canonicalize_console_connection):
* console-gtk.c (gtk_canonicalize_console_connection):
* console-gtk.c (gtk_semi_canonicalize_device_connection):
* console-gtk.c (gtk_canonicalize_device_connection):
* console-stream.c (stream_init_frame_1):
* console-stream.c (vars_of_console_stream):
* console-stream.c (init_console_stream):
* console-x.c (x_semi_canonicalize_console_connection):
* console-x.c (x_semi_canonicalize_device_connection):
* console-x.c (x_canonicalize_device_connection):
* console-x.h:
* data.c (eq_with_ebola_notice):
* data.c (Fsubr_interactive):
* data.c (Fnumber_to_string):
* data.c (digit_to_number):
* device-gtk.c (gtk_init_device):
* device-msw.c (print_devmode):
* device-x.c (x_event_name):
* dialog-msw.c (handle_directory_dialog_box):
* dialog-msw.c (handle_file_dialog_box):
* dialog-msw.c (vars_of_dialog_mswindows):
* doc.c (weird_doc):
* doc.c (Fsnarf_documentation):
* doc.c (vars_of_doc):
* dumper.c (pdump):
* dynarr.c:
* dynarr.c (Dynarr_realloc):
* editfns.c (Fuser_real_login_name):
* editfns.c (get_home_directory):
* elhash.c (print_hash_table_data):
* elhash.c (print_hash_table):
* emacs.c (main_1):
* emacs.c (vars_of_emacs):
* emodules.c:
* emodules.c (_emodules_list):
* emodules.c (Fload_module):
* emodules.c (Funload_module):
* emodules.c (Flist_modules):
* emodules.c (find_make_module):
* emodules.c (attempt_module_delete):
* emodules.c (emodules_load):
* emodules.c (emodules_doc_subr):
* emodules.c (emodules_doc_sym):
* emodules.c (syms_of_module):
* emodules.c (vars_of_module):
* emodules.h:
* eval.c (print_subr):
* eval.c (signal_call_debugger):
* eval.c (build_error_data):
* eval.c (signal_error):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_error):
* eval.c (signal_continuable_error):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_continuable_error):
* eval.c (signal_error_2):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_error_2):
* eval.c (signal_continuable_error_2):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_continuable_error_2):
* eval.c (signal_ferror):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_ferror):
* eval.c (signal_continuable_ferror):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_continuable_ferror):
* eval.c (signal_ferror_with_frob):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_ferror_with_frob):
* eval.c (signal_continuable_ferror_with_frob):
* eval.c (maybe_signal_continuable_ferror_with_frob):
* eval.c (syntax_error):
* eval.c (syntax_error_2):
* eval.c (maybe_syntax_error):
* eval.c (sferror):
* eval.c (sferror_2):
* eval.c (maybe_sferror):
* eval.c (invalid_argument):
* eval.c (invalid_argument_2):
* eval.c (maybe_invalid_argument):
* eval.c (invalid_constant):
* eval.c (invalid_constant_2):
* eval.c (maybe_invalid_constant):
* eval.c (invalid_operation):
* eval.c (invalid_operation_2):
* eval.c (maybe_invalid_operation):
* eval.c (invalid_change):
* eval.c (invalid_change_2):
* eval.c (maybe_invalid_change):
* eval.c (invalid_state):
* eval.c (invalid_state_2):
* eval.c (maybe_invalid_state):
* eval.c (wtaerror):
* eval.c (stack_overflow):
* eval.c (out_of_memory):
* eval.c (print_multiple_value):
* eval.c (issue_call_trapping_problems_warning):
* eval.c (backtrace_specials):
* eval.c (backtrace_unevalled_args):
* eval.c (Fbacktrace):
* eval.c (warn_when_safe):
* event-Xt.c (modwarn):
* event-Xt.c (modbarf):
* event-Xt.c (check_modifier):
* event-Xt.c (store_modifier):
* event-Xt.c (emacs_Xt_format_magic_event):
* event-Xt.c (describe_event):
* event-gtk.c (dragndrop_data_received):
* event-gtk.c (store_modifier):
* event-gtk.c (gtk_reset_modifier_mapping):
* event-msw.c (dde_eval_string):
* event-msw.c (Fdde_alloc_advise_item):
* event-msw.c (mswindows_dde_callback):
* event-msw.c (FROB):
* event-msw.c (emacs_mswindows_format_magic_event):
* event-stream.c (external_debugging_print_event):
* event-stream.c (execute_help_form):
* event-stream.c (vars_of_event_stream):
* events.c (print_event_1):
* events.c (print_event):
* events.c (event_equal):
* extents.c (print_extent_1):
* extents.c (print_extent):
* extents.c (vars_of_extents):
* faces.c (print_face):
* faces.c (complex_vars_of_faces):
* file-coding.c:
* file-coding.c (print_coding_system):
* file-coding.c (print_coding_system_in_print_method):
* file-coding.c (default_query_method):
* file-coding.c (find_coding_system):
* file-coding.c (make_coding_system_1):
* file-coding.c (chain_print):
* file-coding.c (undecided_print):
* file-coding.c (gzip_print):
* file-coding.c (vars_of_file_coding):
* file-coding.c (complex_vars_of_file_coding):
* fileio.c:
* fileio.c (report_file_type_error):
* fileio.c (report_error_with_errno):
* fileio.c (report_file_error):
* fileio.c (barf_or_query_if_file_exists):
* fileio.c (vars_of_fileio):
* floatfns.c (matherr):
* fns.c (print_bit_vector):
* fns.c (Fmapconcat):
* fns.c (add_suffix_to_symbol):
* fns.c (add_prefix_to_symbol):
* frame-gtk.c:
* frame-gtk.c (Fgtk_window_id):
* frame-x.c (def):
* frame-x.c (x_cde_transfer_callback):
* frame.c:
* frame.c (Fmake_frame):
* gc.c (show_gc_cursor_and_message):
* gc.c (vars_of_gc):
* glyphs-eimage.c (png_instantiate):
* glyphs-eimage.c (tiff_instantiate):
* glyphs-gtk.c (gtk_print_image_instance):
* glyphs-msw.c (mswindows_print_image_instance):
* glyphs-x.c (x_print_image_instance):
* glyphs-x.c (update_widget_face):
* glyphs.c (make_string_from_file):
* glyphs.c (print_image_instance):
* glyphs.c (signal_image_error):
* glyphs.c (signal_image_error_2):
* glyphs.c (signal_double_image_error):
* glyphs.c (signal_double_image_error_2):
* glyphs.c (xbm_mask_file_munging):
* glyphs.c (pixmap_to_lisp_data):
* glyphs.h:
* gui.c (gui_item_display_flush_left):
* hpplay.c (player_error_internal):
* hpplay.c (myHandler):
* intl-win32.c:
* intl-win32.c (langcode_to_lang):
* intl-win32.c (sublangcode_to_lang):
* intl-win32.c (Fmswindows_get_locale_info):
* intl-win32.c (lcid_to_locale_mule_or_no):
* intl-win32.c (mswindows_multibyte_to_unicode_print):
* intl-win32.c (complex_vars_of_intl_win32):
* keymap.c:
* keymap.c (print_keymap):
* keymap.c (ensure_meta_prefix_char_keymapp):
* keymap.c (Fkey_description):
* keymap.c (Ftext_char_description):
* lisp.h:
* lisp.h (struct):
* lisp.h (DECLARE_INLINE_HEADER):
* lread.c (Fload_internal):
* lread.c (locate_file):
* lread.c (read_escape):
* lread.c (read_raw_string):
* lread.c (read1):
* lread.c (read_list):
* lread.c (read_compiled_function):
* lread.c (init_lread):
* lrecord.h:
* marker.c (print_marker):
* marker.c (marker_equal):
* menubar-msw.c (displayable_menu_item):
* menubar-x.c (command_builder_operate_menu_accelerator):
* menubar.c (vars_of_menubar):
* minibuf.c (reinit_complex_vars_of_minibuf):
* minibuf.c (complex_vars_of_minibuf):
* mule-charset.c (Fmake_charset):
* mule-charset.c (complex_vars_of_mule_charset):
* mule-coding.c (iso2022_print):
* mule-coding.c (fixed_width_query):
* number.c (bignum_print):
* number.c (ratio_print):
* number.c (bigfloat_print):
* number.c (bigfloat_finalize):
* objects-msw.c:
* objects-msw.c (mswindows_color_to_string):
* objects-msw.c (mswindows_color_list):
* objects-tty.c:
* objects-tty.c (tty_font_list):
* objects-tty.c (tty_find_charset_font):
* objects-xlike-inc.c (xft_find_charset_font):
* objects-xlike-inc.c (endif):
* print.c:
* print.c (write_istring):
* print.c (write_ascstring):
* print.c (Fterpri):
* print.c (Fprint):
* print.c (print_error_message):
* print.c (print_vector_internal):
* print.c (print_cons):
* print.c (print_string):
* print.c (printing_unreadable_object):
* print.c (print_internal):
* print.c (print_float):
* print.c (print_symbol):
* process-nt.c (mswindows_report_winsock_error):
* process-nt.c (nt_canonicalize_host_name):
* process-unix.c (unix_canonicalize_host_name):
* process.c (print_process):
* process.c (report_process_error):
* process.c (report_network_error):
* process.c (make_process_internal):
* process.c (Fstart_process_internal):
* process.c (status_message):
* process.c (putenv_internal):
* process.c (vars_of_process):
* process.h:
* profile.c (vars_of_profile):
* rangetab.c (print_range_table):
* realpath.c (vars_of_realpath):
* redisplay.c (vars_of_redisplay):
* search.c (wordify):
* search.c (Freplace_match):
* sheap.c (sheap_adjust_h):
* sound.c (report_sound_error):
* sound.c (Fplay_sound_file):
* specifier.c (print_specifier):
* symbols.c (Fsubr_name):
* symbols.c (do_symval_forwarding):
* symbols.c (set_default_buffer_slot_variable):
* symbols.c (set_default_console_slot_variable):
* symbols.c (store_symval_forwarding):
* symbols.c (default_value):
* symbols.c (defsymbol_massage_name_1):
* symbols.c (defsymbol_massage_name_nodump):
* symbols.c (defsymbol_massage_name):
* symbols.c (defsymbol_massage_multiword_predicate_nodump):
* symbols.c (defsymbol_massage_multiword_predicate):
* symbols.c (defsymbol_nodump):
* symbols.c (defsymbol):
* symbols.c (defkeyword):
* symbols.c (defkeyword_massage_name):
* symbols.c (check_module_subr):
* symbols.c (deferror_1):
* symbols.c (deferror):
* symbols.c (deferror_massage_name):
* symbols.c (deferror_massage_name_and_message):
* symbols.c (defvar_magic):
* symeval.h:
* symeval.h (DEFVAR_SYMVAL_FWD):
* sysdep.c:
* sysdep.c (init_system_name):
* sysdll.c:
* sysdll.c (MAYBE_PREPEND_UNDERSCORE):
* sysdll.c (dll_function):
* sysdll.c (dll_variable):
* sysdll.c (dll_error):
* sysdll.c (dll_open):
* sysdll.c (dll_close):
* sysdll.c (image_for_address):
* sysdll.c (my_find_image):
* sysdll.c (search_linked_libs):
* sysdll.h:
* sysfile.h:
* sysfile.h (DEFAULT_DIRECTORY_FALLBACK):
* syswindows.h:
* tests.c (DFC_CHECK_LENGTH):
* tests.c (DFC_CHECK_CONTENT):
* tests.c (Ftest_hash_tables):
* text.c (vars_of_text):
* text.h:
* tooltalk.c (tt_opnum_string):
* tooltalk.c (tt_message_arg_ival_string):
* tooltalk.c (Ftooltalk_default_procid):
* tooltalk.c (Ftooltalk_default_session):
* tooltalk.c (init_tooltalk):
* tooltalk.c (vars_of_tooltalk):
* ui-gtk.c (Fdll_load):
* ui-gtk.c (type_to_marshaller_type):
* ui-gtk.c (Fgtk_import_function_internal):
* ui-gtk.c (emacs_gtk_object_printer):
* ui-gtk.c (emacs_gtk_boxed_printer):
* unicode.c (unicode_to_ichar):
* unicode.c (unicode_print):
* unicode.c (unicode_query):
* unicode.c (vars_of_unicode):
* unicode.c (complex_vars_of_unicode):
* win32.c:
* win32.c (mswindows_report_process_error):
* window.c (print_window):
* xemacs.def.in.in:
BASIC IDEA: Further fixing up uses of char * and CIbyte *
to reflect their actual semantics; Mule-izing some code;
redoing of the not-yet-working code to handle message translation.
Clean up code to handle message-translation (not yet working).
Create separate versions of build_msg_string() for working with
Ibyte *, CIbyte *, and Ascbyte * arguments. Assert that Ascbyte *
arguments are pure-ASCII. Make build_msg_string() be the same
as build_msg_ascstring(). Create same three versions of GETTEXT()
and DEFER_GETTEXT(). Also create build_defer_string() and
variants for the equivalent of DEFER_GETTEXT() when building a
string. Remove old CGETTEXT(). Clean up code where GETTEXT(),
DEFER_GETTEXT(), build_msg_string(), etc. was being called and
introduce some new calls to build_msg_string(), etc. Remove
GETTEXT() from calls to weird_doc() -- we assume that the
message snarfer knows about weird_doc(). Remove uses of
DEFER_GETTEXT() from error messages in sysdep.c and instead use
special comments /* @@@begin-snarf@@@ */ and /* @@@end-snarf@@@ */
that the message snarfer presumably knows about.
Create build_ascstring() and use it in many instances in place
of build_string(). The purpose of having Ascbyte * variants is
to make the code more self-documenting in terms of what sort of
semantics is expected for char * strings. In fact in the process
of looking for uses of build_string(), much improperly Mule-ized
was discovered.
Mule-ize a lot of code as described in previous paragraph,
e.g. in sysdep.c.
Make the error functions take Ascbyte * strings and fix up a
couple of places where non-pure-ASCII strings were being passed in
(file-coding.c, mule-coding.c, unicode.c). (It's debatable whether
we really need to make the error functions work this way. It
helps catch places where code is written in a way that message
translation won't work, but we may well never implement message
translation.)
Make staticpro() and friends take Ascbyte * strings instead of
raw char * strings. Create a const_Ascbyte_ptr dynarr type
to describe what's held by staticpro_names[] and friends,
create pdump descriptions for const_Ascbyte_ptr dynarrs, and
use them in place of specially-crafted staticpro descriptions.
Mule-ize certain other functions (e.g. x_event_name) by correcting
raw use of char * to Ascbyte *, Rawbyte * or another such type,
and raw use of char[] buffers to another type (usually Ascbyte[]).
Change many uses of write_c_string() to write_msg_string(),
write_ascstring(), etc.
Mule-ize emodules.c, emodules.h, sysdll.h.
Fix some un-Mule-ized code in intl-win32.c.
A comment in event-Xt.c and the limitations of the message
snarfer (make-msgfile or whatever) is presumably incorrect --
it should be smart enough to handle function calls spread over
more than one line. Clean up code in event-Xt.c that was
written awkwardly for this reason.
In config.h.in, instead of NEED_ERROR_CHECK_TYPES_INLINES,
create a more general XEMACS_DEFS_NEEDS_INLINE_DECLS to
indicate when inlined functions need to be declared in
xemacs.defs.in.in, and make use of it in xemacs.defs.in.in.
We need to do this because postgresql.c now calls qxestrdup(),
which is an inline function.
Make nconc2() and other such functions MODULE_API and put
them in xemacs.defs.in.in since postgresql.c now uses them.
Clean up indentation in lread.c and a few other places.
In text.h, document ASSERT_ASCTEXT_ASCII() and
ASSERT_ASCTEXT_ASCII_LEN(), group together the stand-in
encodings and add some more for DLL symbols, function and
variable names, etc.
| author | Ben Wing <ben@xemacs.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Tue, 26 Jan 2010 23:22:30 -0600 |
| parents | 3ecd8885ac67 |
| children | aa20a889ff14 91b3aa59f49b |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 428 | 1 ;;; backquote.el --- Full backquote support for elisp. Reverse compatible too. |
| 2 | |
| 3 ;; Copyright (C) 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
| 4 | |
| 5 ;; Maintainer: XEmacs Development Team | |
| 6 ;; Keywords: extensions, dumped | |
| 7 | |
| 8 ;; This file is part of XEmacs. | |
| 9 | |
| 10 ;; XEmacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
| 11 ;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
| 12 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) | |
| 13 ;; any later version. | |
| 14 | |
| 15 ;; XEmacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but | |
| 16 ;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
| 17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU | |
| 18 ;; General Public License for more details. | |
| 19 | |
| 20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
| 21 ;; along with XEmacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free | |
| 22 ;; Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA | |
| 23 ;; 02111-1307, USA. | |
| 24 | |
| 25 ;;; Synched up with: Not synched with FSF. | |
| 26 | |
| 27 ;;; Commentary: | |
| 28 | |
| 29 ;; This file is dumped with XEmacs. | |
| 30 | |
| 31 ;; The bulk of the code is originally from CMU Common Lisp (original notice | |
| 32 ;; below). | |
| 33 | |
| 34 ;; It correctly supports nested backquotes and backquoted vectors. | |
| 35 | |
| 36 ;; Converted to work with elisp by Miles Bader <miles@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> | |
| 37 | |
| 38 ;; Changes by Jonathan Stigelman <Stig@hackvan.com>: | |
| 39 ;; - Documentation added | |
| 40 ;; - support for old-backquote-compatibility-hook nixed because the | |
| 41 ;; old-backquote compatibility is now done in the reader... | |
| 42 ;; - nixed support for |,.| because | |
| 43 ;; (a) it's not in CLtl2 | |
| 44 ;; (b) ",.foo" is the same as ". ,foo" | |
| 45 ;; (c) because RMS isn't interested in using this version of backquote.el | |
| 46 ;; | |
| 47 ;; ben@xemacs.org added ,. support back in: | |
| 48 ;; (a) yes, it is in CLtl2. Read closely on page 529. | |
| 49 ;; (b) RMS in 19.30 adds C support for ,. even if it's not really | |
| 50 ;; handled. | |
| 51 ;; | |
| 52 ;; ********************************************************************** | |
| 53 ;; This code was written as part of the CMU Common Lisp project at | |
| 54 ;; Carnegie Mellon University, and has been placed in the public domain. | |
| 55 ;; If you want to use this code or any part of CMU Common Lisp, please contact | |
| 56 ;; Scott Fahlman or slisp-group@cs.cmu.edu. | |
| 57 ;; | |
| 58 ;; ********************************************************************** | |
| 59 ;; | |
| 60 ;; BACKQUOTE: Code Spice Lispified by Lee Schumacher. | |
| 61 ;; | |
| 62 ;; The flags passed back by BQ-PROCESS-2 can be interpreted as follows: | |
| 63 ;; | |
| 64 ;; |`,|: [a] => a | |
| 65 ;; NIL: [a] => a ;the NIL flag is used only when a is NIL | |
| 66 ;; T: [a] => a ;the T flag is used when a is self-evaluating | |
| 67 ;; QUOTE: [a] => (QUOTE a) | |
| 68 ;; APPEND: [a] => (APPEND . a) | |
| 69 ;; NCONC: [a] => (NCONC . a) | |
| 70 ;; LIST: [a] => (LIST . a) | |
| 71 ;; LIST*: [a] => (LIST* . a) | |
| 72 ;; | |
| 73 ;; The flags are combined according to the following set of rules: | |
| 74 ;; ([a] means that a should be converted according to the previous table) | |
| 75 ;; | |
| 76 ;; \ car || otherwise | QUOTE or | |`,@| | |`,.| | |
| 77 ;;cdr \ || | T or NIL | | | |
| 78 ;;============================================================================ | |
| 79 ;; |`,| ||LIST* ([a] [d]) |LIST* ([a] [d]) |APPEND (a [d]) |NCONC (a [d]) | |
| 80 ;; NIL ||LIST ([a]) |QUOTE (a) |<hair> a |<hair> a | |
| 81 ;;QUOTE or T||LIST* ([a] [d]) |QUOTE (a . d) |APPEND (a [d]) |NCONC (a [d]) | |
| 82 ;; APPEND ||LIST* ([a] [d]) |LIST* ([a] [d]) |APPEND (a . d) |NCONC (a [d]) | |
| 83 ;; NCONC ||LIST* ([a] [d]) |LIST* ([a] [d]) |APPEND (a [d]) |NCONC (a . d) | |
| 84 ;; LIST ||LIST ([a] . d) |LIST ([a] . d) |APPEND (a [d]) |NCONC (a [d]) | |
| 85 ;; LIST* ||LIST* ([a] . d) |LIST* ([a] . d) |APPEND (a [d]) |NCONC (a [d]) | |
| 86 ;; | |
| 87 ;;<hair> involves starting over again pretending you had read ".,a)" instead | |
| 88 ;; of ",@a)" | |
| 89 ;; | |
| 90 | |
| 91 ;; These are the forms it expects: |backquote| |`| |,| |,@| and |,.|. | |
| 92 | |
| 93 ;;; Code: | |
| 94 | |
| 95 (defconst bq-backquote-marker 'backquote) | |
| 96 (defconst bq-backtick-marker '\`) ; remnant of the old lossage | |
| 97 (defconst bq-comma-marker '\,) | |
| 98 (defconst bq-at-marker '\,@) | |
| 99 (defconst bq-dot-marker '\,\.) | |
| 100 | |
| 101 ;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 102 | |
| 103 (fset '\` 'backquote) | |
| 104 | |
| 105 (defmacro backquote (template) | |
| 106 "Expand the internal representation of a backquoted TEMPLATE into a lisp form. | |
| 107 | |
| 108 The backquote character is like the quote character in that it prevents the | |
| 109 template which follows it from being evaluated, except that backquote | |
| 110 permits you to evaluate portions of the quoted template. A comma character | |
| 111 inside TEMPLATE indicates that the following item should be evaluated. A | |
| 112 comma character may be followed by an at-sign, which indicates that the form | |
| 113 which follows should be evaluated and inserted and \"spliced\" into the | |
| 114 template. Forms following ,@ must evaluate to lists. | |
| 115 | |
| 116 Here is how to use backquotes: | |
| 117 (setq p 'b | |
| 118 q '(c d e)) | |
| 119 `(a ,p ,@q) -> (a b c d e) | |
| 120 `(a . b) -> (a . b) | |
| 121 `(a . ,p) -> (a . b) | |
| 122 | |
| 123 The XEmacs lisp reader expands lisp backquotes as it reads them. | |
| 124 Examples: | |
| 125 `atom is read as (backquote atom) | |
| 126 `(a ,b ,@(c d e)) is read as (backquote (a (\\, b) (\\,\\@ (c d e)))) | |
| 127 `(a . ,p) is read as (backquote (a \\, p)) | |
| 128 | |
| 129 \(backquote TEMPLATE) is a macro that produces code to construct TEMPLATE. | |
| 130 Note that this is very slow in interpreted code, but fast if you compile. | |
| 131 TEMPLATE is one or more nested lists or vectors, which are `almost quoted'. | |
| 132 They are copied recursively, with elements preceded by comma evaluated. | |
| 133 (backquote (a b)) == (list 'a 'b) | |
| 134 (backquote (a [b c])) == (list 'a (vector 'b 'c)) | |
| 135 | |
| 136 However, certain special lists are not copied. They specify substitution. | |
| 137 Lists that look like (\\, EXP) are evaluated and the result is substituted. | |
| 138 (backquote (a (\\, (+ x 5)))) == (list 'a (+ x 5)) | |
| 139 | |
| 140 Elements of the form (\\,\\@ EXP) are evaluated and then all the elements | |
| 141 of the result are substituted. This result must be a list; it may | |
| 142 be `nil'. | |
| 143 | |
| 144 Elements of the form (\\,\\. EXP) are evaluated and then all the elements | |
| 145 of the result are concatenated to the list of preceding elements in the list. | |
| 146 They must occur as the last element of a list (not a vector). | |
| 147 EXP may evaluate to nil. | |
| 148 | |
| 149 As an example, a simple macro `push' could be written: | |
| 150 (defmacro push (v l) | |
| 151 `(setq ,l (cons ,@(list v l)))) | |
| 152 or as | |
| 153 (defmacro push (v l) | |
| 154 `(setq ,l (cons ,v ,l))) | |
| 155 | |
| 156 For backwards compatibility, old-style emacs-lisp backquotes are still read. | |
| 157 OLD STYLE NEW STYLE | |
| 158 (` (foo (, bar) (,@ bing))) `(foo ,bar ,@bing) | |
| 159 | |
| 160 Because of the old-style backquote support, you cannot use a new-style | |
| 161 backquoted form as the first element of a list. Perhaps some day this | |
| 162 restriction will go away, but for now you should be wary of it: | |
| 163 (`(this ,will ,@fail)) | |
| 164 ((` (but (, this) will (,@ work)))) | |
| 165 This is an extremely rare thing to need to do in lisp." | |
| 166 (bq-process template)) | |
| 167 | |
| 168 ;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 169 | |
| 170 (defconst bq-comma-flag 'unquote) | |
| 171 (defconst bq-at-flag 'unquote-splicing) | |
| 172 (defconst bq-dot-flag 'unquote-nconc-splicing) | |
| 173 | |
| 174 (defun bq-process (form) | |
| 175 (let* ((flag-result (bq-process-2 form)) | |
| 176 (flag (car flag-result)) | |
| 177 (result (cdr flag-result))) | |
| 178 (cond ((eq flag bq-at-flag) | |
| 179 (error ",@ after ` in form: %s" form)) | |
| 180 ((eq flag bq-dot-flag) | |
| 181 (error ",. after ` in form: %s" form)) | |
| 182 (t | |
| 183 (bq-process-1 flag result))))) | |
| 184 | |
| 185 ;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 186 | |
| 187 (defun bq-vector-contents (vec) | |
| 188 (let ((contents nil) | |
| 189 (n (length vec))) | |
| 190 (while (> n 0) | |
| 191 (setq n (1- n)) | |
| 192 (setq contents (cons (aref vec n) contents))) | |
| 193 contents)) | |
| 194 | |
| 195 ;;; This does the expansion from table 2. | |
| 196 (defun bq-process-2 (code) | |
| 197 (cond ((vectorp code) | |
| 198 (let* ((dflag-d | |
| 199 (bq-process-2 (bq-vector-contents code)))) | |
| 200 (cons 'vector (bq-process-1 (car dflag-d) (cdr dflag-d))))) | |
| 201 ((atom code) | |
| 202 (cond ((null code) (cons nil nil)) | |
| 203 ((or (numberp code) (eq code t)) | |
| 204 (cons t code)) | |
| 205 (t (cons 'quote code)))) | |
| 206 ((eq (car code) bq-at-marker) | |
| 207 (cons bq-at-flag (nth 1 code))) | |
| 208 ((eq (car code) bq-dot-marker) | |
| 209 (cons bq-dot-flag (nth 1 code))) | |
| 210 ((eq (car code) bq-comma-marker) | |
| 211 (bq-comma (nth 1 code))) | |
| 212 ((or (eq (car code) bq-backquote-marker) | |
| 213 (eq (car code) bq-backtick-marker)) ; old lossage | |
| 214 (bq-process-2 (bq-process (nth 1 code)))) | |
| 215 (t (let* ((aflag-a (bq-process-2 (car code))) | |
| 216 (aflag (car aflag-a)) | |
| 217 (a (cdr aflag-a))) | |
| 218 (let* ((dflag-d (bq-process-2 (cdr code))) | |
| 219 (dflag (car dflag-d)) | |
| 220 (d (cdr dflag-d))) | |
| 221 (if (eq dflag bq-at-flag) | |
| 222 ;; get the errors later. | |
| 223 (error ",@ after dot in %s" code)) | |
| 224 (if (eq dflag bq-dot-flag) | |
| 225 (error ",. after dot in %s" code)) | |
| 226 (cond | |
| 227 ((eq aflag bq-at-flag) | |
| 228 (if (null dflag) | |
| 229 (bq-comma a) | |
| 230 (cons 'append | |
| 231 (cond ((eq dflag 'append) | |
| 232 (cons a d )) | |
| 233 (t (list a (bq-process-1 dflag d))))))) | |
| 234 ((eq aflag bq-dot-flag) | |
| 235 (if (null dflag) | |
| 236 (bq-comma a) | |
| 237 (cons 'nconc | |
| 238 (cond ((eq dflag 'nconc) | |
| 239 (cons a d)) | |
| 240 (t (list a (bq-process-1 dflag d))))))) | |
| 241 ((null dflag) | |
| 242 (if (memq aflag '(quote t nil)) | |
| 243 (cons 'quote (list a)) | |
| 244 (cons 'list (list (bq-process-1 aflag a))))) | |
| 245 ((memq dflag '(quote t)) | |
| 246 (if (memq aflag '(quote t nil)) | |
| 247 (cons 'quote (cons a d )) | |
| 248 (cons 'list* (list (bq-process-1 aflag a) | |
| 249 (bq-process-1 dflag d))))) | |
| 250 (t (setq a (bq-process-1 aflag a)) | |
| 251 (if (memq dflag '(list list*)) | |
| 252 (cons dflag (cons a d)) | |
| 253 (cons 'list* | |
| 254 (list a (bq-process-1 dflag d))))))))))) | |
| 255 | |
| 256 ;;; This handles the <hair> cases | |
| 257 (defun bq-comma (code) | |
| 258 (cond ((atom code) | |
| 259 (cond ((null code) | |
| 260 (cons nil nil)) | |
| 261 ((or (numberp code) (eq code 't)) | |
| 262 (cons t code)) | |
| 263 (t (cons bq-comma-flag code)))) | |
| 264 ((eq (car code) 'quote) | |
| 265 (cons (car code) (car (cdr code)))) | |
| 266 ((memq (car code) '(append list list* nconc)) | |
| 267 (cons (car code) (cdr code))) | |
| 268 ((eq (car code) 'cons) | |
| 269 (cons 'list* (cdr code))) | |
| 270 (t (cons bq-comma-flag code)))) | |
| 271 | |
| 272 ;;; This handles table 1. | |
| 273 (defun bq-process-1 (flag thing) | |
| 274 (cond ((or (eq flag bq-comma-flag) | |
| 275 (memq flag '(t nil))) | |
| 276 thing) | |
| 277 ((eq flag 'quote) | |
| 278 (list 'quote thing)) | |
| 279 ((eq flag 'vector) | |
| 280 (list 'apply '(function vector) thing)) | |
| 281 (t (cons (cdr | |
| 282 (assq flag | |
| 283 '((cons . cons) | |
| 284 (list* . bq-list*) | |
| 285 (list . list) | |
| 286 (append . append) | |
| 287 (nconc . nconc)))) | |
| 288 thing)))) | |
| 289 | |
| 290 ;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 291 | |
| 292 (defmacro bq-list* (&rest args) | |
| 293 "Return a list of its arguments with last cons a dotted pair." | |
| 294 (setq args (reverse args)) | |
| 295 (let ((result (car args))) | |
| 296 (setq args (cdr args)) | |
| 297 (while args | |
| 298 (setq result (list 'cons (car args) result)) | |
| 299 (setq args (cdr args))) | |
| 300 result)) | |
| 301 | |
| 302 (provide 'backquote) | |
| 303 | |
| 304 ;;; backquote.el ends here |