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1 ;;; blackbox.el --- blackbox game in Emacs Lisp
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2
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4
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5 ;; Author: F. Thomas May <uw-nsr!uw-warp!tom@beaver.cs.washington.edu>
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6 ;; Adapted-By: ESR
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7 ;; Keywords: games
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8
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9 ;; This file is part of XEmacs.
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10
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11 ;; XEmacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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12 ;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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14 ;; any later version.
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15
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16 ;; XEmacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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17 ;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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19 ;; General Public License for more details.
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20
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21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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72
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22 ;; along with XEmacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
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23 ;; Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
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24 ;; 02111-1307, USA.
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25
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26 ;;; Synched up with: FSF 19.34.
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27
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28 ;;; Commentary:
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29
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30 ;; by F. Thomas May <uw-nsr!uw-warp!tom@beaver.cs.washington.edu>
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31 ;; doc comment by Root Boy Jim <rbj@dsys.icst.nbs.gov>, 27 Apr 89
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32 ;; interface improvements by ESR, Dec 5 1991.
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33
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34 ;; The object of the game is to find four hidden balls by shooting rays
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35 ;; into the black box. There are four possibilities: 1) the ray will
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36 ;; pass thru the box undisturbed, 2) it will hit a ball and be absorbed,
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37 ;; 3) it will be deflected and exit the box, or 4) be deflected immediately,
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38 ;; not even being allowed entry into the box.
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39
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40 ;; The strange part is the method of deflection. It seems that rays will
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41 ;; not pass next to a ball, and change direction at right angles to avoid it.
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42 ;;
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43 ;; R 3
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44 ;; 1 - - - - - - - - 1
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45 ;; - - - - - - - -
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46 ;; - O - - - - - - 3
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47 ;; 2 - - - - O - O -
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48 ;; 4 - - - - - - - -
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49 ;; 5 - - - - - - - - 5
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50 ;; - - - - - - - - R
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51 ;; H - - - - - - - O
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52 ;; 2 H 4 H
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53 ;;
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54 ;; Rays which enter and exit are numbered. You can see that rays 1 & 5 pass
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55 ;; thru the box undisturbed. Ray 2 is deflected by the northwesternmost
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56 ;; ball. Likewise rays 3 and 4. Rays which hit balls and are absorbed are
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57 ;; marked with H. The bottom of the left and the right of the bottom hit
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58 ;; the southeastern ball directly. Rays may also hit balls after being
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59 ;; reflected. Consider the H on the bottom next to the 4. It bounces off
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60 ;; the NW-ern most ball and hits the central ball. A ray shot from above
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61 ;; the right side 5 would hit the SE-ern most ball. The R beneath the 5
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62 ;; is because the ball is returned instantly. It is not allowed into
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63 ;; the box if it would reflect immediately. The R on the top is a more
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64 ;; leisurely return. Both central balls would tend to deflect it east
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65 ;; or west, but it cannot go either way, so it just retreats.
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66
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67 ;; At the end of the game, if you've placed guesses for as many balls as
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68 ;; there are in the box, the true board position will be revealed. Each
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69 ;; `x' is an incorrect guess of yours;; `o' is the true location of a ball.
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70
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71 ;;; Code:
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72
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73 (defvar blackbox-mode-map nil "")
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74
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75 (if blackbox-mode-map
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76 ()
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77 (setq blackbox-mode-map (make-keymap))
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78 (suppress-keymap blackbox-mode-map t)
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79 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-f" 'bb-right)
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80 (define-key blackbox-mode-map [right] 'bb-right)
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81 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-b" 'bb-left)
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82 (define-key blackbox-mode-map [left] 'bb-left)
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83 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-p" 'bb-up)
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84 (define-key blackbox-mode-map [up] 'bb-up)
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85 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-n" 'bb-down)
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86 (define-key blackbox-mode-map [down] 'bb-down)
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87 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-e" 'bb-eol)
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88 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-a" 'bb-bol)
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89 (define-key blackbox-mode-map " " 'bb-romp)
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90 (define-key blackbox-mode-map [insert] 'bb-romp)
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91 (define-key blackbox-mode-map "\C-m" 'bb-done)
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92 (define-key blackbox-mode-map [kp-enter] 'bb-done))
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93
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94 ;; Blackbox mode is suitable only for specially formatted data.
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95 (put 'blackbox-mode 'mode-class 'special)
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96
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97 (defvar bb-board)
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98 (defvar bb-balls-placed)
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99 (defvar bb-x)
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100 (defvar bb-y)
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101 (defvar bb-score)
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102 (defvar bb-detour-count)
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103
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104 (defun blackbox-mode ()
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105 "Major mode for playing blackbox. To learn how to play blackbox,
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106 see the documentation for function `blackbox'.
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107
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108 The usual mnemonic keys move the cursor around the box.
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109 \\<blackbox-mode-map>\\[bb-bol] and \\[bb-eol] move to the beginning and end of line, respectively.
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110
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111 \\[bb-romp] -- send in a ray from point, or toggle a ball at point
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112 \\[bb-done] -- end game and get score
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113 "
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114 (interactive)
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115 (kill-all-local-variables)
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116 (use-local-map blackbox-mode-map)
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117 (setq truncate-lines t)
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118 (setq major-mode 'blackbox-mode)
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119 (setq mode-name "Blackbox"))
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120
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121 ;;;###autoload
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122 (defun blackbox (num)
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123 "Play blackbox. Optional prefix argument is the number of balls;
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124 the default is 4.
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125
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126 What is blackbox?
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127
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128 Blackbox is a game of hide and seek played on an 8 by 8 grid (the
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129 Blackbox). Your opponent (Emacs, in this case) has hidden several
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130 balls (usually 4) within this box. By shooting rays into the box and
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131 observing where they emerge it is possible to deduce the positions of
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132 the hidden balls. The fewer rays you use to find the balls, the lower
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133 your score.
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134
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135 Overview of play:
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136
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137 \\<blackbox-mode-map>\
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138 To play blackbox, type \\[blackbox]. An optional prefix argument
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139 specifies the number of balls to be hidden in the box; the default is
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140 four.
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141
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142 The cursor can be moved around the box with the standard cursor
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143 movement keys.
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144
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145 To shoot a ray, move the cursor to the edge of the box and press SPC.
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146 The result will be determined and the playfield updated.
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147
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148 You may place or remove balls in the box by moving the cursor into the
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149 box and pressing \\[bb-romp].
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150
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151 When you think the configuration of balls you have placed is correct,
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152 press \\[bb-done]. You will be informed whether you are correct or
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153 not, and be given your score. Your score is the number of letters and
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154 numbers around the outside of the box plus five for each incorrectly
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155 placed ball. If you placed any balls incorrectly, they will be
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156 indicated with `x', and their actual positions indicated with `o'.
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157
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158 Details:
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159
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160 There are three possible outcomes for each ray you send into the box:
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161
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162 Detour: the ray is deflected and emerges somewhere other than
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163 where you sent it in. On the playfield, detours are
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164 denoted by matching pairs of numbers -- one where the
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165 ray went in, and the other where it came out.
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166
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167 Reflection: the ray is reflected and emerges in the same place
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168 it was sent in. On the playfield, reflections are
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169 denoted by the letter `R'.
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170
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171 Hit: the ray strikes a ball directly and is absorbed. It does
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172 not emerge from the box. On the playfield, hits are
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173 denoted by the letter `H'.
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174
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175 The rules for how balls deflect rays are simple and are best shown by
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176 example.
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177
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178 As a ray approaches a ball it is deflected ninety degrees. Rays can
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179 be deflected multiple times. In the diagrams below, the dashes
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180 represent empty box locations and the letter `O' represents a ball.
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181 The entrance and exit points of each ray are marked with numbers as
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182 described under \"Detour\" above. Note that the entrance and exit
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183 points are always interchangeable. `*' denotes the path taken by the
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184 ray.
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185
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186 Note carefully the relative positions of the ball and the ninety
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187 degree deflection it causes.
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188
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189 1
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190 - * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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191 - * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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192 1 * * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - O - - - - O -
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193 - - O - - - - - - - O - - - - - - - * * * * - -
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194 - - - - - - - - - - - * * * * * 2 3 * * * - - * - -
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195 - - - - - - - - - - - * - - - - - - - O - * - -
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196 - - - - - - - - - - - * - - - - - - - - * * - -
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197 - - - - - - - - - - - * - - - - - - - - * - O -
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198 2 3
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199
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200 As mentioned above, a reflection occurs when a ray emerges from the same point
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201 it was sent in. This can happen in several ways:
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202
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203
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204 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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205 - - - - O - - - - - O - O - - - - - - - - - - -
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206 R * * * * - - - - - - - * - - - - O - - - - - - -
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207 - - - - O - - - - - - * - - - - R - - - - - - - -
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208 - - - - - - - - - - - * - - - - - - - - - - - -
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209 - - - - - - - - - - - * - - - - - - - - - - - -
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210 - - - - - - - - R * * * * - - - - - - - - - - - -
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211 - - - - - - - - - - - - O - - - - - - - - - - -
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212
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213 In the first example, the ray is deflected downwards by the upper
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214 ball, then left by the lower ball, and finally retraces its path to
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215 its point of origin. The second example is similar. The third
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216 example is a bit anomalous but can be rationalized by realizing the
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217 ray never gets a chance to get into the box. Alternatively, the ray
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218 can be thought of as being deflected downwards and immediately
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219 emerging from the box.
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220
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221 A hit occurs when a ray runs straight into a ball:
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222
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223 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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224 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - O - - -
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225 - - - - - - - - - - - - O - - - H * * * * - - - -
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226 - - - - - - - - H * * * * O - - - - - - * - - - -
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227 - - - - - - - - - - - - O - - - - - - O - - - -
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228 H * * * O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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229 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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230 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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231
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232 Be sure to compare the second example of a hit with the first example of
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233 a reflection."
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234 (interactive "P")
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235 (switch-to-buffer "*Blackbox*")
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236 (blackbox-mode)
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237 (setq buffer-read-only t)
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238 (buffer-disable-undo (current-buffer))
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72
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239 ;; XEmacs makes some local variables here and FSF doesn't.
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240 (make-local-variable 'bb-board)
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241 (setq bb-board (bb-init-board (or num 4)))
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242 (make-local-variable 'bb-balls-placed)
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243 (setq bb-balls-placed nil)
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244 (make-local-variable 'bb-x)
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245 (setq bb-x -1)
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246 (make-local-variable 'bb-y)
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247 (setq bb-y -1)
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248 (make-local-variable 'bb-score)
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249 (setq bb-score 0)
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250 (make-local-variable 'bb-detour-count)
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251 (setq bb-detour-count 0)
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252 (bb-insert-board)
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253 (bb-goto (cons bb-x bb-y)))
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254
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255 (defun bb-init-board (num-balls)
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256 (random t)
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257 (let (board pos)
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258 (while (>= (setq num-balls (1- num-balls)) 0)
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259 (while
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260 (progn
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261 (setq pos (cons (random 8) (random 8)))
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262 (bb-member pos board)))
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263 (setq board (cons pos board)))
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264 board))
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265
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266 (defun bb-insert-board ()
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267 (let (i (buffer-read-only nil))
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268 (erase-buffer)
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269 (insert " \n")
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270 (setq i 8)
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271 (while (>= (setq i (1- i)) 0)
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272 (insert " - - - - - - - - \n"))
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273 (insert " \n")
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274 (insert (format "\nThere are %d balls in the box" (length bb-board)))
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275 ))
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276
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277 (defun bb-right ()
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278 (interactive)
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279 (if (= bb-x 8)
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280 ()
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281 (forward-char 2)
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282 (setq bb-x (1+ bb-x))))
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283
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284 (defun bb-left ()
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285 (interactive)
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286 (if (= bb-x -1)
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287 ()
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288 (backward-char 2)
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289 (setq bb-x (1- bb-x))))
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290
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291 (defun bb-up ()
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292 (interactive)
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293 (if (= bb-y -1)
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294 ()
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295 (previous-line 1)
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296 (setq bb-y (1- bb-y))))
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297
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298 (defun bb-down ()
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299 (interactive)
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300 (if (= bb-y 8)
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301 ()
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302 (next-line 1)
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303 (setq bb-y (1+ bb-y))))
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304
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305 (defun bb-eol ()
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306 (interactive)
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307 (setq bb-x 8)
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308 (bb-goto (cons bb-x bb-y)))
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309
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310 (defun bb-bol ()
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311 (interactive)
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312 (setq bb-x -1)
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313 (bb-goto (cons bb-x bb-y)))
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314
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315 (defun bb-romp ()
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316 (interactive)
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317 (cond
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318 ((and
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319 (or (= bb-x -1) (= bb-x 8))
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320 (or (= bb-y -1) (= bb-y 8))))
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321 ((bb-outside-box bb-x bb-y)
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322 (bb-trace-ray bb-x bb-y))
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323 (t
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324 (bb-place-ball bb-x bb-y))))
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325
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326 (defun bb-place-ball (x y)
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327 (let ((coord (cons x y)))
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328 (cond
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329 ((bb-member coord bb-balls-placed)
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330 (setq bb-balls-placed (bb-delete coord bb-balls-placed))
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331 (bb-update-board "-"))
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332 (t
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333 (setq bb-balls-placed (cons coord bb-balls-placed))
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334 (bb-update-board "O")))))
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335
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336 (defun bb-trace-ray (x y)
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337 (let ((result (bb-trace-ray-2
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338 t
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339 x
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340 (cond
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341 ((= x -1) 1)
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342 ((= x 8) -1)
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343 (t 0))
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344 y
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345 (cond
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346 ((= y -1) 1)
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347 ((= y 8) -1)
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348 (t 0)))))
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349 (cond
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350 ((eq result 'hit)
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351 (bb-update-board "H")
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352 (setq bb-score (1+ bb-score)))
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353 ((equal result (cons x y))
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354 (bb-update-board "R")
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355 (setq bb-score (1+ bb-score)))
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356 (t
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357 (setq bb-detour-count (1+ bb-detour-count))
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358 (bb-update-board (format "%d" bb-detour-count))
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359 (save-excursion
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360 (bb-goto result)
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361 (bb-update-board (format "%d" bb-detour-count)))
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362 (setq bb-score (+ bb-score 2))))))
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363
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364 (defun bb-trace-ray-2 (first x dx y dy)
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365 (cond
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366 ((and (not first)
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367 (bb-outside-box x y))
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368 (cons x y))
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369 ((bb-member (cons (+ x dx) (+ y dy)) bb-board)
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370 'hit)
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371 ((bb-member (cons (+ x dx dy) (+ y dy dx)) bb-board)
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372 (bb-trace-ray-2 nil x (- dy) y (- dx)))
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373 ((bb-member (cons (+ x dx (- dy)) (+ y dy (- dx))) bb-board)
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374 (bb-trace-ray-2 nil x dy y dx))
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375 (t
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376 (bb-trace-ray-2 nil (+ x dx) dx (+ y dy) dy))))
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377
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378 (defun bb-done ()
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379 "Finish the game and report score."
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380 (interactive)
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381 (let (bogus-balls)
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382 (cond
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383 ((not (= (length bb-balls-placed) (length bb-board)))
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384 (message "There %s %d hidden ball%s; you have placed %d."
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385 (if (= (length bb-board) 1) "is" "are")
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386 (length bb-board)
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387 (if (= (length bb-board) 1) "" "s")
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388 (length bb-balls-placed)))
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389 (t
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390 (setq bogus-balls (bb-show-bogus-balls bb-balls-placed bb-board))
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391 (if (= bogus-balls 0)
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392 (message "Right! Your score is %d." bb-score)
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393 (message "Oops! You missed %d ball%s. Your score is %d."
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394 bogus-balls
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395 (if (= bogus-balls 1) "" "s")
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396 (+ bb-score (* 5 bogus-balls))))
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397 (bb-goto '(-1 . -1))))))
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398
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399 (defun bb-show-bogus-balls (balls-placed board)
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400 (bb-show-bogus-balls-2 balls-placed board "x")
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401 (bb-show-bogus-balls-2 board balls-placed "o"))
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402
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403 (defun bb-show-bogus-balls-2 (list-1 list-2 c)
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404 (cond
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405 ((null list-1)
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406 0)
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407 ((bb-member (car list-1) list-2)
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408 (bb-show-bogus-balls-2 (cdr list-1) list-2 c))
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409 (t
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410 (bb-goto (car list-1))
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411 (bb-update-board c)
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412 (1+ (bb-show-bogus-balls-2 (cdr list-1) list-2 c)))))
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413
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414 (defun bb-outside-box (x y)
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415 (or (= x -1) (= x 8) (= y -1) (= y 8)))
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416
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417 (defun bb-goto (pos)
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418 (goto-char (+ (* (car pos) 2) (* (cdr pos) 22) 26)))
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419
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420 (defun bb-update-board (c)
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421 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
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422 (backward-char (1- (length c)))
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423 (delete-char (length c))
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424 (insert c)
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425 (backward-char 1)))
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426
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427 (defun bb-member (elt list)
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428 "Returns non-nil if ELT is an element of LIST."
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429 (eval (cons 'or (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (equal x elt))) list))))
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430
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431 (defun bb-delete (item list)
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432 "Deletes ITEM from LIST and returns a copy."
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433 (cond
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434 ((equal item (car list)) (cdr list))
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435 (t (cons (car list) (bb-delete item (cdr list))))))
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436
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437 ;;; blackbox.el ends here
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