diff vendor/pear/crypt_gpg/Crypt/GPG.php @ 0:1e000243b222

vanilla 1.3.3 distro, I hope
author Charlie Root
date Thu, 04 Jan 2018 15:50:29 -0500
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--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/vendor/pear/crypt_gpg/Crypt/GPG.php	Thu Jan 04 15:50:29 2018 -0500
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+<?php
+
+/* vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4: */
+
+/**
+ * Crypt_GPG is a package to use GPG from PHP
+ *
+ * This package provides an object oriented interface to GNU Privacy
+ * Guard (GPG). It requires the GPG executable to be on the system.
+ *
+ * Though GPG can support symmetric-key cryptography, this package is intended
+ * only to facilitate public-key cryptography.
+ *
+ * This file contains the main GPG class. The class in this file lets you
+ * encrypt, decrypt, sign and verify data; import and delete keys; and perform
+ * other useful GPG tasks.
+ *
+ * Example usage:
+ * <code>
+ * <?php
+ * // encrypt some data
+ * $gpg = new Crypt_GPG();
+ * $gpg->addEncryptKey($mySecretKeyId);
+ * $encryptedData = $gpg->encrypt($data);
+ * ?>
+ * </code>
+ *
+ * PHP version 5
+ *
+ * LICENSE:
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library; if not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+ *
+ * @category  Encryption
+ * @package   Crypt_GPG
+ * @author    Nathan Fredrickson <nathan@silverorange.com>
+ * @author    Michael Gauthier <mike@silverorange.com>
+ * @copyright 2005-2013 silverorange
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html LGPL License 2.1
+ * @link      http://pear.php.net/package/Crypt_GPG
+ * @link      http://pear.php.net/manual/en/package.encryption.crypt-gpg.php
+ * @link      http://www.gnupg.org/
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Base class for GPG methods
+ */
+require_once 'Crypt/GPGAbstract.php';
+
+/**
+ * GPG exception classes.
+ */
+require_once 'Crypt/GPG/Exceptions.php';
+
+// {{{ class Crypt_GPG
+
+/**
+ * A class to use GPG from PHP
+ *
+ * This class provides an object oriented interface to GNU Privacy Guard (GPG).
+ *
+ * Though GPG can support symmetric-key cryptography, this class is intended
+ * only to facilitate public-key cryptography.
+ *
+ * @category  Encryption
+ * @package   Crypt_GPG
+ * @author    Nathan Fredrickson <nathan@silverorange.com>
+ * @author    Michael Gauthier <mike@silverorange.com>
+ * @copyright 2005-2013 silverorange
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html LGPL License 2.1
+ * @link      http://pear.php.net/package/Crypt_GPG
+ * @link      http://www.gnupg.org/
+ */
+class Crypt_GPG extends Crypt_GPGAbstract
+{
+    // {{{ class constants for data signing modes
+
+    /**
+     * Signing mode for normal signing of data. The signed message will not
+     * be readable without special software.
+     *
+     * This is the default signing mode.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::sign()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::signFile()
+     */
+    const SIGN_MODE_NORMAL = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Signing mode for clearsigning data. Clearsigned signatures are ASCII
+     * armored data and are readable without special software. If the signed
+     * message is unencrypted, the message will still be readable. The message
+     * text will be in the original encoding.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::sign()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::signFile()
+     */
+    const SIGN_MODE_CLEAR = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Signing mode for creating a detached signature. When using detached
+     * signatures, only the signature data is returned. The original message
+     * text may be distributed separately from the signature data. This is
+     * useful for miltipart/signed email messages as per
+     * {@link http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3156.txt RFC 3156}.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::sign()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::signFile()
+     */
+    const SIGN_MODE_DETACHED = 3;
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ class constants for fingerprint formats
+
+    /**
+     * No formatting is performed.
+     *
+     * Example: C3BC615AD9C766E5A85C1F2716D27458B1BBA1C4
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::getFingerprint()
+     */
+    const FORMAT_NONE = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Fingerprint is formatted in the format used by the GnuPG gpg command's
+     * default output.
+     *
+     * Example: C3BC 615A D9C7 66E5 A85C  1F27 16D2 7458 B1BB A1C4
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::getFingerprint()
+     */
+    const FORMAT_CANONICAL = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Fingerprint is formatted in the format used when displaying X.509
+     * certificates
+     *
+     * Example: C3:BC:61:5A:D9:C7:66:E5:A8:5C:1F:27:16:D2:74:58:B1:BB:A1:C4
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::getFingerprint()
+     */
+    const FORMAT_X509 = 3;
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ class constants for boolean options
+
+    /**
+     * Use to specify ASCII armored mode for returned data
+     */
+    const ARMOR_ASCII = true;
+
+    /**
+     * Use to specify binary mode for returned data
+     */
+    const ARMOR_BINARY = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Use to specify that line breaks in signed text should be normalized
+     */
+    const TEXT_NORMALIZED = true;
+
+    /**
+     * Use to specify that line breaks in signed text should not be normalized
+     */
+    const TEXT_RAW = false;
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ protected class properties
+
+    /**
+     * Keys used to encrypt
+     *
+     * The array is of the form:
+     * <code>
+     * array(
+     *   $key_id => array(
+     *     'fingerprint' => $fingerprint,
+     *     'passphrase'  => null
+     *   )
+     * );
+     * </code>
+     *
+     * @var array
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearEncryptKeys()
+     */
+    protected $encryptKeys = array();
+
+    /**
+     * Keys used to decrypt
+     *
+     * The array is of the form:
+     * <code>
+     * array(
+     *   $key_id => array(
+     *     'fingerprint' => $fingerprint,
+     *     'passphrase'  => $passphrase
+     *   )
+     * );
+     * </code>
+     *
+     * @var array
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearSignKeys()
+     */
+    protected $signKeys = array();
+
+    /**
+     * Keys used to sign
+     *
+     * The array is of the form:
+     * <code>
+     * array(
+     *   $key_id => array(
+     *     'fingerprint' => $fingerprint,
+     *     'passphrase'  => $passphrase
+     *   )
+     * );
+     * </code>
+     *
+     * @var array
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearDecryptKeys()
+     */
+    protected $decryptKeys = array();
+
+    /**
+     * Passphrases used on import/export of private keys in GnuPG 2.1
+     *
+     * The array is of the form:
+     * <code>
+     * array($key_id => $passphrase);
+     * </code>
+     *
+     * @var array
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearPassphrases()
+     */
+    protected $passphrases = array();
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ importKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Imports a public or private key into the keyring
+     *
+     * Keys may be removed from the keyring using
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePublicKey()} or
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePrivateKey()}.
+     *
+     * @param string $data the key data to be imported.
+     *
+     * @return array an associative array containing the following elements:
+     *               - <kbd>fingerprint</kbd>       - the fingerprint of the
+     *                                                imported key,
+     *               - <kbd>public_imported</kbd>   - the number of public
+     *                                                keys imported,
+     *               - <kbd>public_unchanged</kbd>  - the number of unchanged
+     *                                                public keys,
+     *               - <kbd>private_imported</kbd>  - the number of private
+     *                                                keys imported,
+     *               - <kbd>private_unchanged</kbd> - the number of unchanged
+     *                                                private keys.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the key data is missing or if the
+     *         data is is not valid key data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearPassphrases()
+     */
+    public function importKey($data)
+    {
+        return $this->_importKey($data, false);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ importKeyFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Imports a public or private key file into the keyring
+     *
+     * Keys may be removed from the keyring using
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePublicKey()} or
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePrivateKey()}.
+     *
+     * @param string $filename the key file to be imported.
+     *
+     * @return array an associative array containing the following elements:
+     *               - <kbd>fingerprint</kbd>       - the fingerprint of the
+     *                                                imported key,
+     *               - <kbd>public_imported</kbd>   - the number of public
+     *                                                keys imported,
+     *               - <kbd>public_unchanged</kbd>  - the number of unchanged
+     *                                                public keys,
+     *               - <kbd>private_imported</kbd>  - the number of private
+     *                                                keys imported,
+     *               - <kbd>private_unchanged</kbd> - the number of unchanged
+     *                                                private keys.
+     *                                                  private keys.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the key data is missing or if the
+     *         data is is not valid key data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the key file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function importKeyFile($filename)
+    {
+        return $this->_importKey($filename, true);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ exportPrivateKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Exports a private key from the keyring
+     *
+     * The exported key remains on the keyring. To delete the key, use
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePrivateKey()}.
+     *
+     * If more than one key fingerprint is available for the specified
+     * <kbd>$keyId</kbd> (for example, if you use a non-unique uid) only the
+     * first private key is exported.
+     *
+     * @param string  $keyId either the full uid of the private key, the email
+     *                       part of the uid of the private key or the key id of
+     *                       the private key. For example,
+     *                       "Test User (example) <test@example.com>",
+     *                       "test@example.com" or a hexadecimal string.
+     * @param boolean $armor optional. If true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                       otherwise, binary data is returned. Defaults to
+     *                       true.
+     *
+     * @return string the private key data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if a private key with the given
+     *         <kbd>$keyId</kbd> is not found.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function exportPrivateKey($keyId, $armor = true)
+    {
+        return $this->_exportKey($keyId, $armor, true);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ exportPublicKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Exports a public key from the keyring
+     *
+     * The exported key remains on the keyring. To delete the public key, use
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePublicKey()}.
+     *
+     * If more than one key fingerprint is available for the specified
+     * <kbd>$keyId</kbd> (for example, if you use a non-unique uid) only the
+     * first public key is exported.
+     *
+     * @param string  $keyId either the full uid of the public key, the email
+     *                       part of the uid of the public key or the key id of
+     *                       the public key. For example,
+     *                       "Test User (example) <test@example.com>",
+     *                       "test@example.com" or a hexadecimal string.
+     * @param boolean $armor optional. If true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                       otherwise, binary data is returned. Defaults to
+     *                       true.
+     *
+     * @return string the public key data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if a public key with the given
+     *         <kbd>$keyId</kbd> is not found.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function exportPublicKey($keyId, $armor = true)
+    {
+        return $this->_exportKey($keyId, $armor, false);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ deletePublicKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Deletes a public key from the keyring
+     *
+     * If more than one key fingerprint is available for the specified
+     * <kbd>$keyId</kbd> (for example, if you use a non-unique uid) only the
+     * first public key is deleted.
+     *
+     * The private key must be deleted first or an exception will be thrown.
+     * In GnuPG >= 2.1 this limitation does not exist.
+     * See {@link Crypt_GPG::deletePrivateKey()}.
+     *
+     * @param string $keyId either the full uid of the public key, the email
+     *                      part of the uid of the public key or the key id of
+     *                      the public key. For example,
+     *                      "Test User (example) <test@example.com>",
+     *                      "test@example.com" or a hexadecimal string.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if a public key with the given
+     *         <kbd>$keyId</kbd> is not found.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_DeletePrivateKeyException if the specified public key
+     *         has an associated private key on the keyring. The private key
+     *         must be deleted first (when using GnuPG < 2.1).
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function deletePublicKey($keyId)
+    {
+        $fingerprint = $this->getFingerprint($keyId);
+
+        if ($fingerprint === null) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'Public key not found: ' . $keyId,
+                self::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                $keyId
+            );
+        }
+
+        $operation = '--delete-key ' . escapeshellarg($fingerprint);
+        $arguments = array(
+            '--batch',
+            '--yes'
+        );
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setOperation($operation, $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ deletePrivateKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Deletes a private key from the keyring
+     *
+     * If more than one key fingerprint is available for the specified
+     * <kbd>$keyId</kbd> (for example, if you use a non-unique uid) only the
+     * first private key is deleted.
+     *
+     * Calls GPG with the <kbd>--delete-secret-key</kbd> command.
+     *
+     * @param string $keyId either the full uid of the private key, the email
+     *                      part of the uid of the private key or the key id of
+     *                      the private key. For example,
+     *                      "Test User (example) <test@example.com>",
+     *                      "test@example.com" or a hexadecimal string.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if a private key with the given
+     *         <kbd>$keyId</kbd> is not found.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function deletePrivateKey($keyId)
+    {
+        $fingerprint = $this->getFingerprint($keyId);
+
+        if ($fingerprint === null) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'Private key not found: ' . $keyId,
+                self::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                $keyId
+            );
+        }
+
+        $operation = '--delete-secret-key ' . escapeshellarg($fingerprint);
+        $arguments = array(
+            '--batch',
+            '--yes'
+        );
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setOperation($operation, $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ getKeys()
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the available keys in the keyring
+     *
+     * Calls GPG with the <kbd>--list-keys</kbd> command and grabs keys. See
+     * the first section of <b>doc/DETAILS</b> in the
+     * {@link http://www.gnupg.org/download/ GPG package} for a detailed
+     * description of how the GPG command output is parsed.
+     *
+     * @param string $keyId optional. Only keys with that match the specified
+     *                      pattern are returned. The pattern may be part of
+     *                      a user id, a key id or a key fingerprint. If not
+     *                      specified, all keys are returned.
+     *
+     * @return array an array of {@link Crypt_GPG_Key} objects. If no keys
+     *               match the specified <kbd>$keyId</kbd> an empty array is
+     *               returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG_Key
+     */
+    public function getKeys($keyId = '')
+    {
+        return parent::_getKeys($keyId);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ getFingerprint()
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a key fingerprint from the keyring
+     *
+     * If more than one key fingerprint is available (for example, if you use
+     * a non-unique user id) only the first key fingerprint is returned.
+     *
+     * Calls the GPG <kbd>--list-keys</kbd> command with the
+     * <kbd>--with-fingerprint</kbd> option to retrieve a public key
+     * fingerprint.
+     *
+     * @param string  $keyId  either the full user id of the key, the email
+     *                        part of the user id of the key, or the key id of
+     *                        the key. For example,
+     *                        "Test User (example) <test@example.com>",
+     *                        "test@example.com" or a hexadecimal string.
+     * @param integer $format optional. How the fingerprint should be formatted.
+     *                        Use {@link Crypt_GPG::FORMAT_X509} for X.509
+     *                        certificate format,
+     *                        {@link Crypt_GPG::FORMAT_CANONICAL} for the format
+     *                        used by GnuPG output and
+     *                        {@link Crypt_GPG::FORMAT_NONE} for no formatting.
+     *                        Defaults to <code>Crypt_GPG::FORMAT_NONE</code>.
+     *
+     * @return string the fingerprint of the key, or null if no fingerprint
+     *                is found for the given <kbd>$keyId</kbd>.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function getFingerprint($keyId, $format = self::FORMAT_NONE)
+    {
+        $output    = '';
+        $operation = '--list-keys ' . escapeshellarg($keyId);
+        $arguments = array(
+            '--with-colons',
+            '--with-fingerprint'
+        );
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setOutput($output);
+        $this->engine->setOperation($operation, $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        $fingerprint = null;
+
+        foreach (explode(PHP_EOL, $output) as $line) {
+            if (mb_substr($line, 0, 3, '8bit') == 'fpr') {
+                $lineExp     = explode(':', $line);
+                $fingerprint = $lineExp[9];
+
+                switch ($format) {
+                case self::FORMAT_CANONICAL:
+                    $fingerprintExp = str_split($fingerprint, 4);
+                    $format         = '%s %s %s %s %s  %s %s %s %s %s';
+                    $fingerprint    = vsprintf($format, $fingerprintExp);
+                    break;
+
+                case self::FORMAT_X509:
+                    $fingerprintExp = str_split($fingerprint, 2);
+                    $fingerprint    = implode(':', $fingerprintExp);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $fingerprint;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ getLastSignatureInfo()
+
+    /**
+     * Get information about the last signature that was created.
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG_SignatureCreationInfo
+     */
+    public function getLastSignatureInfo()
+    {
+        return $this->engine->getProcessData('SignatureInfo');
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ encrypt()
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts string data
+     *
+     * Data is ASCII armored by default but may optionally be returned as
+     * binary.
+     *
+     * @param string  $data  the data to be encrypted.
+     * @param boolean $armor optional. If true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                       otherwise, binary data is returned. Defaults to
+     *                       true.
+     *
+     * @return string the encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no encryption key is specified.
+     *         See {@link Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @sensitive $data
+     */
+    public function encrypt($data, $armor = self::ARMOR_ASCII)
+    {
+        return $this->_encrypt($data, false, null, $armor);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ encryptFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts a file
+     *
+     * Encrypted data is ASCII armored by default but may optionally be saved
+     * as binary.
+     *
+     * @param string  $filename      the filename of the file to encrypt.
+     * @param string  $encryptedFile optional. The filename of the file in
+     *                               which to store the encrypted data. If null
+     *                               or unspecified, the encrypted data is
+     *                               returned as a string.
+     * @param boolean $armor         optional. If true, ASCII armored data is
+     *                               returned; otherwise, binary data is
+     *                               returned. Defaults to true.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$encryptedFile</kbd> parameter is null,
+     *                     a string containing the encrypted data is returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no encryption key is specified.
+     *         See {@link Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function encryptFile(
+        $filename,
+        $encryptedFile = null,
+        $armor = self::ARMOR_ASCII
+    ) {
+        return $this->_encrypt($filename, true, $encryptedFile, $armor);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ encryptAndSign()
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts and signs data
+     *
+     * Data is encrypted and signed in a single pass.
+     *
+     * NOTE: Until GnuPG version 1.4.10, it was not possible to verify
+     * encrypted-signed data without decrypting it at the same time. If you try
+     * to use {@link Crypt_GPG::verify()} method on encrypted-signed data with
+     * earlier GnuPG versions, you will get an error. Please use
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::decryptAndVerify()} to verify encrypted-signed data.
+     *
+     * @param string  $data  the data to be encrypted and signed.
+     * @param boolean $armor optional. If true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                       otherwise, binary data is returned. Defaults to
+     *                       true.
+     *
+     * @return string the encrypted signed data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no encryption key is specified
+     *         or if no signing key is specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()} and
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a specified passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::decryptAndVerify()
+     */
+    public function encryptAndSign($data, $armor = self::ARMOR_ASCII)
+    {
+        return $this->_encryptAndSign($data, false, null, $armor);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ encryptAndSignFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts and signs a file
+     *
+     * The file is encrypted and signed in a single pass.
+     *
+     * NOTE: Until GnuPG version 1.4.10, it was not possible to verify
+     * encrypted-signed files without decrypting them at the same time. If you
+     * try to use {@link Crypt_GPG::verify()} method on encrypted-signed files
+     * with earlier GnuPG versions, you will get an error. Please use
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::decryptAndVerifyFile()} to verify encrypted-signed
+     * files.
+     *
+     * @param string  $filename   the name of the file containing the data to
+     *                            be encrypted and signed.
+     * @param string  $signedFile optional. The name of the file in which the
+     *                            encrypted, signed data should be stored. If
+     *                            null or unspecified, the encrypted, signed
+     *                            data is returned as a string.
+     * @param boolean $armor      optional. If true, ASCII armored data is
+     *                            returned; otherwise, binary data is returned.
+     *                            Defaults to true.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$signedFile</kbd> parameter is null, a
+     *                     string containing the encrypted, signed data is
+     *                     returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no encryption key is specified
+     *         or if no signing key is specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()} and
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a specified passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::decryptAndVerifyFile()
+     */
+    public function encryptAndSignFile(
+        $filename,
+        $signedFile = null,
+        $armor = self::ARMOR_ASCII
+    ) {
+        return $this->_encryptAndSign($filename, true, $signedFile, $armor);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ decrypt()
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts string data
+     *
+     * This method assumes the required private key is available in the keyring
+     * and throws an exception if the private key is not available. To add a
+     * private key to the keyring, use the {@link Crypt_GPG::importKey()} or
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::importKeyFile()} methods.
+     *
+     * @param string $encryptedData the data to be decrypted.
+     *
+     * @return string the decrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the private key needed to
+     *         decrypt the data is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if specified data does not contain
+     *         GPG encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function decrypt($encryptedData)
+    {
+        return $this->_decrypt($encryptedData, false, null);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ decryptFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts a file
+     *
+     * This method assumes the required private key is available in the keyring
+     * and throws an exception if the private key is not available. To add a
+     * private key to the keyring, use the {@link Crypt_GPG::importKey()} or
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::importKeyFile()} methods.
+     *
+     * @param string $encryptedFile the name of the encrypted file data to
+     *                              decrypt.
+     * @param string $decryptedFile optional. The name of the file to which the
+     *                              decrypted data should be written. If null
+     *                              or unspecified, the decrypted data is
+     *                              returned as a string.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$decryptedFile</kbd> parameter is null,
+     *                     a string containing the decrypted data is returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the private key needed to
+     *         decrypt the data is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if specified data does not contain
+     *         GPG encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function decryptFile($encryptedFile, $decryptedFile = null)
+    {
+        return $this->_decrypt($encryptedFile, true, $decryptedFile);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ decryptAndVerify()
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts and verifies string data
+     *
+     * This method assumes the required private key is available in the keyring
+     * and throws an exception if the private key is not available. To add a
+     * private key to the keyring, use the {@link Crypt_GPG::importKey()} or
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::importKeyFile()} methods.
+     *
+     * @param string  $encryptedData      the encrypted, signed data to be decrypted
+     *                                    and verified.
+     * @param boolean $ignoreVerifyErrors enables ignoring of signature
+     *                                    verification errors caused by missing public key
+     *                                    When enabled Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException
+     *                                    will not be thrown.
+     *
+     * @return array two element array. The array has an element 'data'
+     *               containing the decrypted data and an element
+     *               'signatures' containing an array of
+     *               {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature} objects for the signed data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the private key needed to
+     *         decrypt the data or the public key to verify the signature
+     *         is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if specified data does not contain
+     *         GPG encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function decryptAndVerify($encryptedData, $ignoreVerifyErrors = false)
+    {
+        return $this->_decryptAndVerify($encryptedData, false, null, $ignoreVerifyErrors);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ decryptAndVerifyFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts and verifies a signed, encrypted file
+     *
+     * This method assumes the required private key is available in the keyring
+     * and throws an exception if the private key is not available. To add a
+     * private key to the keyring, use the {@link Crypt_GPG::importKey()} or
+     * {@link Crypt_GPG::importKeyFile()} methods.
+     *
+     * @param string  $encryptedFile      the name of the signed, encrypted file to
+     *                                    to decrypt and verify.
+     * @param string  $decryptedFile      optional. The name of the file to which the
+     *                                    decrypted data should be written. If null
+     *                                    or unspecified, the decrypted data is
+     *                                    returned in the results array.
+     * @param boolean $ignoreVerifyErrors enables ignoring of signature
+     *                                    verification errors caused by missing public key
+     *                                    When enabled Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException
+     *                                    will not be thrown.
+     *
+     * @return array two element array. The array has an element 'data'
+     *               containing the decrypted data and an element
+     *               'signatures' containing an array of
+     *               {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature} objects for the signed data.
+     *               If the decrypted data is written to a file, the 'data'
+     *               element is null.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the private key needed to
+     *         decrypt the data or the public key to verify the signature
+     *         is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if specified data does not contain
+     *         GPG encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function decryptAndVerifyFile($encryptedFile, $decryptedFile = null, $ignoreVerifyErrors = false)
+    {
+        return $this->_decryptAndVerify($encryptedFile, true, $decryptedFile, $ignoreVerifyErrors);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ sign()
+
+    /**
+     * Signs data
+     *
+     * Data may be signed using any one of the three available signing modes:
+     * - {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL}
+     * - {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR}
+     * - {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_DETACHED}
+     *
+     * @param string  $data     the data to be signed.
+     * @param boolean $mode     optional. The data signing mode to use. Should
+     *                          be one of {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL},
+     *                          {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR} or
+     *                          {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_DETACHED}. If not
+     *                          specified, defaults to
+     *                          <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL</kbd>.
+     * @param boolean $armor    optional. If true, ASCII armored data is
+     *                          returned; otherwise, binary data is returned.
+     *                          Defaults to true. This has no effect if the
+     *                          mode <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR</kbd> is
+     *                          used.
+     * @param boolean $textmode optional. If true, line-breaks in signed data
+     *                          are normalized. Use this option when signing
+     *                          e-mail, or for greater compatibility between
+     *                          systems with different line-break formats.
+     *                          Defaults to false. This has no effect if the
+     *                          mode <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR</kbd> is
+     *                          used as clear-signing always uses textmode.
+     *
+     * @return string the signed data, or the signature data if a detached
+     *                signature is requested.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no signing key is specified.
+     *         See {@link Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a specified passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function sign(
+        $data,
+        $mode = self::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL,
+        $armor = self::ARMOR_ASCII,
+        $textmode = self::TEXT_RAW
+    ) {
+        return $this->_sign($data, false, null, $mode, $armor, $textmode);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ signFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Signs a file
+     *
+     * The file may be signed using any one of the three available signing
+     * modes:
+     * - {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL}
+     * - {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR}
+     * - {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_DETACHED}
+     *
+     * @param string  $filename   the name of the file containing the data to
+     *                            be signed.
+     * @param string  $signedFile optional. The name of the file in which the
+     *                            signed data should be stored. If null or
+     *                            unspecified, the signed data is returned as a
+     *                            string.
+     * @param boolean $mode       optional. The data signing mode to use. Should
+     *                            be one of {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL},
+     *                            {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR} or
+     *                            {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_DETACHED}. If not
+     *                            specified, defaults to
+     *                            <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL</kbd>.
+     * @param boolean $armor      optional. If true, ASCII armored data is
+     *                            returned; otherwise, binary data is returned.
+     *                            Defaults to true. This has no effect if the
+     *                            mode <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR</kbd> is
+     *                            used.
+     * @param boolean $textmode   optional. If true, line-breaks in signed data
+     *                            are normalized. Use this option when signing
+     *                            e-mail, or for greater compatibility between
+     *                            systems with different line-break formats.
+     *                            Defaults to false. This has no effect if the
+     *                            mode <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR</kbd> is
+     *                            used as clear-signing always uses textmode.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$signedFile</kbd> parameter is null, a
+     *                     string containing the signed data (or the signature
+     *                     data if a detached signature is requested) is
+     *                     returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no signing key is specified.
+     *         See {@link Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a specified passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    public function signFile(
+        $filename,
+        $signedFile = null,
+        $mode = self::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL,
+        $armor = self::ARMOR_ASCII,
+        $textmode = self::TEXT_RAW
+    ) {
+        return $this->_sign(
+            $filename,
+            true,
+            $signedFile,
+            $mode,
+            $armor,
+            $textmode
+        );
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ verify()
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies signed data
+     *
+     * The {@link Crypt_GPG::decrypt()} method may be used to get the original
+     * message if the signed data is not clearsigned and does not use a
+     * detached signature.
+     *
+     * @param string $signedData the signed data to be verified.
+     * @param string $signature  optional. If verifying data signed using a
+     *                           detached signature, this must be the detached
+     *                           signature data. The data that was signed is
+     *                           specified in <kbd>$signedData</kbd>.
+     *
+     * @return array an array of {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature} objects for the
+     *               signed data. For each signature that is valid, the
+     *               {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature::isValid()} will return true.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the public key needed for
+     *         signature verification is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the provided data is not signed
+     *         data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG_Signature
+     */
+    public function verify($signedData, $signature = '')
+    {
+        return $this->_verify($signedData, false, $signature);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ verifyFile()
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies a signed file
+     *
+     * The {@link Crypt_GPG::decryptFile()} method may be used to get the
+     * original message if the signed data is not clearsigned and does not use
+     * a detached signature.
+     *
+     * @param string $filename  the signed file to be verified.
+     * @param string $signature optional. If verifying a file signed using a
+     *                          detached signature, this must be the detached
+     *                          signature data. The file that was signed is
+     *                          specified in <kbd>$filename</kbd>.
+     *
+     * @return array an array of {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature} objects for the
+     *               signed data. For each signature that is valid, the
+     *               {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature::isValid()} will return true.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the public key needed for
+     *         signature verification is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the provided data is not signed
+     *         data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG_Signature
+     */
+    public function verifyFile($filename, $signature = '')
+    {
+        return $this->_verify($filename, true, $signature);
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ addDecryptKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a key to use for decryption
+     *
+     * @param mixed  $key        the key to use. This may be a key identifier,
+     *                           user id, fingerprint, {@link Crypt_GPG_Key} or
+     *                           {@link Crypt_GPG_SubKey}. The key must be able
+     *                           to encrypt.
+     * @param string $passphrase optional. The passphrase of the key required
+     *                           for decryption.
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::decrypt()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::decryptFile()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearDecryptKeys()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::_addKey()
+     *
+     * @sensitive $passphrase
+     */
+    public function addDecryptKey($key, $passphrase = null)
+    {
+        $this->_addKey($this->decryptKeys, false, false, $key, $passphrase);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ addEncryptKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a key to use for encryption
+     *
+     * @param mixed $key the key to use. This may be a key identifier, user id
+     *                   user id, fingerprint, {@link Crypt_GPG_Key} or
+     *                   {@link Crypt_GPG_SubKey}. The key must be able to
+     *                   encrypt.
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::encrypt()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::encryptFile()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearEncryptKeys()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::_addKey()
+     */
+    public function addEncryptKey($key)
+    {
+        $this->_addKey($this->encryptKeys, true, false, $key);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ addSignKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a key to use for signing
+     *
+     * @param mixed  $key        the key to use. This may be a key identifier,
+     *                           user id, fingerprint, {@link Crypt_GPG_Key} or
+     *                           {@link Crypt_GPG_SubKey}. The key must be able
+     *                           to sign.
+     * @param string $passphrase optional. The passphrase of the key required
+     *                           for signing.
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::sign()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::signFile()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearSignKeys()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::_addKey()
+     *
+     * @sensitive $passphrase
+     */
+    public function addSignKey($key, $passphrase = null)
+    {
+        $this->_addKey($this->signKeys, false, true, $key, $passphrase);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ addPassphrase()
+
+    /**
+     * Register a private key passphrase for import/export (GnuPG 2.1)
+     *
+     * @param mixed  $key        The key to use. This must be a key identifier,
+     *                           or fingerprint.
+     * @param string $passphrase The passphrase of the key.
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::clearPassphrases()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::importKey()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::exportKey()
+     *
+     * @sensitive $passphrase
+     */
+    public function addPassphrase($key, $passphrase)
+    {
+        $this->passphrases[$key] = $passphrase;
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ clearDecryptKeys()
+
+    /**
+     * Clears all decryption keys
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::decrypt()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()
+     */
+    public function clearDecryptKeys()
+    {
+        $this->decryptKeys = array();
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ clearEncryptKeys()
+
+    /**
+     * Clears all encryption keys
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::encrypt()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()
+     */
+    public function clearEncryptKeys()
+    {
+        $this->encryptKeys = array();
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ clearSignKeys()
+
+    /**
+     * Clears all signing keys
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::sign()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()
+     */
+    public function clearSignKeys()
+    {
+        $this->signKeys = array();
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ clearPassphrases()
+
+    /**
+     * Clears all private key passphrases
+     *
+     * @return Crypt_GPG the current object, for fluent interface.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::importKey()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::exportKey()
+     * @see Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()
+     */
+    public function clearPassphrases()
+    {
+        $this->passphrases = array();
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ hasEncryptKeys()
+
+    /**
+     * Tell if there are encryption keys registered
+     *
+     * @return boolean True if the data shall be encrypted
+     */
+    public function hasEncryptKeys()
+    {
+        return count($this->encryptKeys) > 0;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ hasSignKeys()
+
+    /**
+     * Tell if there are signing keys registered
+     *
+     * @return boolean True if the data shall be signed
+     */
+    public function hasSignKeys()
+    {
+        return count($this->signKeys) > 0;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _addKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a key to one of the internal key arrays
+     *
+     * This handles resolving full key objects from the provided
+     * <kbd>$key</kbd> value.
+     *
+     * @param array   &$array     the array to which the key should be added.
+     * @param boolean $encrypt    whether or not the key must be able to
+     *                            encrypt.
+     * @param boolean $sign       whether or not the key must be able to sign.
+     * @param mixed   $key        the key to add. This may be a key identifier,
+     *                            user id, fingerprint, {@link Crypt_GPG_Key} or
+     *                            {@link Crypt_GPG_SubKey}.
+     * @param string  $passphrase optional. The passphrase associated with the
+     *                            key.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @sensitive $passphrase
+     */
+    protected function _addKey(array &$array, $encrypt, $sign, $key,
+        $passphrase = null
+    ) {
+        $subKeys = array();
+
+        if (is_scalar($key)) {
+            $keys = $this->getKeys($key);
+            if (count($keys) == 0) {
+                throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                    'Key not found: ' . $key,
+                    self::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                    $key
+                );
+            }
+            $key = $keys[0];
+        }
+
+        if ($key instanceof Crypt_GPG_Key) {
+            if ($encrypt && !$key->canEncrypt()) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                    'Key "' . $key . '" cannot encrypt.'
+                );
+            }
+
+            if ($sign && !$key->canSign()) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                    'Key "' . $key . '" cannot sign.'
+                );
+            }
+
+            foreach ($key->getSubKeys() as $subKey) {
+                $canEncrypt = $subKey->canEncrypt();
+                $canSign    = $subKey->canSign();
+                if (($encrypt && $sign && $canEncrypt && $canSign)
+                    || ($encrypt && !$sign && $canEncrypt)
+                    || (!$encrypt && $sign && $canSign)
+                    || (!$encrypt && !$sign)
+                ) {
+                    // We add all subkeys that meet the requirements because we
+                    // were not told which subkey is required.
+                    $subKeys[] = $subKey;
+                }
+            }
+        } elseif ($key instanceof Crypt_GPG_SubKey) {
+            $subKeys[] = $key;
+        }
+
+        if (count($subKeys) === 0) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                'Key "' . $key . '" is not in a recognized format.'
+            );
+        }
+
+        foreach ($subKeys as $subKey) {
+            if ($encrypt && !$subKey->canEncrypt()) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                    'Key "' . $key . '" cannot encrypt.'
+                );
+            }
+
+            if ($sign && !$subKey->canSign()) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                    'Key "' . $key . '" cannot sign.'
+                );
+            }
+
+            $array[$subKey->getId()] = array(
+                'fingerprint' => $subKey->getFingerprint(),
+                'passphrase'  => $passphrase
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _importKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Imports a public or private key into the keyring
+     *
+     * @param string  $key    the key to be imported.
+     * @param boolean $isFile whether or not the input is a filename.
+     *
+     * @return array an associative array containing the following elements:
+     *               - <kbd>fingerprint</kbd>       - the fingerprint of the
+     *                                                imported key,
+     *               - <kbd>public_imported</kbd>   - the number of public
+     *                                                keys imported,
+     *               - <kbd>public_unchanged</kbd>  - the number of unchanged
+     *                                                public keys,
+     *               - <kbd>private_imported</kbd>  - the number of private
+     *                                                keys imported,
+     *               - <kbd>private_unchanged</kbd> - the number of unchanged
+     *                                                private keys.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the key data is missing or if the
+     *         data is is not valid key data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the key file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    protected function _importKey($key, $isFile)
+    {
+        $result    = array();
+        $arguments = array();
+        $input     = $this->_prepareInput($key, $isFile, false);
+        $version   = $this->engine->getVersion();
+
+        if (version_compare($version, '1.0.5', 'ge')
+            && version_compare($version, '1.0.7', 'lt')
+        ) {
+            $arguments[] = '--allow-secret-key-import';
+        }
+
+        if (empty($this->passphrases)) {
+            $arguments[] = '--batch';
+        }
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setPins($this->passphrases);
+        $this->engine->setOperation('--import', $arguments);
+        $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        return $this->engine->getProcessData('Import');
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _exportKey()
+
+    /**
+     * Exports a private or public key from the keyring
+     *
+     * If more than one key fingerprint is available for the specified
+     * <kbd>$keyId</kbd> (for example, if you use a non-unique uid) only the
+     * first key is exported.
+     *
+     * @param string  $keyId   either the full uid of the key, the email
+     *                         part of the uid of the key or the key id.
+     * @param boolean $armor   optional. If true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                         otherwise, binary data is returned. Defaults to
+     *                         true.
+     * @param boolean $private return private instead of public key
+     *
+     * @return string the key data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if a key with the given
+     *         <kbd>$keyId</kbd> is not found.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addPassphrase()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    protected function _exportKey($keyId, $armor = true, $private = false)
+    {
+        $fingerprint = $this->getFingerprint($keyId);
+
+        if ($fingerprint === null) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'Key not found: ' . $keyId,
+                self::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                $keyId
+            );
+        }
+
+        $keyData   = '';
+        $operation = $private ? '--export-secret-keys' : '--export';
+        $operation .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($fingerprint);
+        $arguments = $armor ? array('--armor') : array();
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setPins($this->passphrases);
+        $this->engine->setOutput($keyData);
+        $this->engine->setOperation($operation, $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        return $keyData;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _encrypt()
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts data
+     *
+     * @param string  $data       the data to encrypt.
+     * @param boolean $isFile     whether or not the data is a filename.
+     * @param string  $outputFile the filename of the file in which to store
+     *                            the encrypted data. If null, the encrypted
+     *                            data is returned as a string.
+     * @param boolean $armor      if true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                            otherwise, binary data is returned.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$outputFile</kbd> parameter is null, a
+     *                     string containing the encrypted data is returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no encryption key is specified.
+     *         See {@link Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    protected function _encrypt($data, $isFile, $outputFile, $armor)
+    {
+        if (!$this->hasEncryptKeys()) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'No encryption keys specified.'
+            );
+        }
+
+        $input     = $this->_prepareInput($data, $isFile);
+        $output    = $this->_prepareOutput($outputFile, $input);
+        $arguments = $armor ? array('--armor') : array();
+
+        foreach ($this->encryptKeys as $key) {
+            $arguments[] = '--recipient ' . escapeshellarg($key['fingerprint']);
+        }
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        $this->engine->setOutput($output);
+        $this->engine->setOperation('--encrypt', $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        if ($outputFile === null) {
+            return $output;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _decrypt()
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts data
+     *
+     * @param string  $data       the data to be decrypted.
+     * @param boolean $isFile     whether or not the data is a filename.
+     * @param string  $outputFile the name of the file to which the decrypted
+     *                            data should be written. If null, the decrypted
+     *                            data is returned as a string.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$outputFile</kbd> parameter is null, a
+     *                     string containing the decrypted data is returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the private key needed to
+     *         decrypt the data is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if specified data does not contain
+     *         GPG encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    protected function _decrypt($data, $isFile, $outputFile)
+    {
+        $input  = $this->_prepareInput($data, $isFile, false);
+        $output = $this->_prepareOutput($outputFile, $input);
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setPins($this->decryptKeys);
+        $this->engine->setOperation('--decrypt --skip-verify');
+        $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        $this->engine->setOutput($output);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        if ($outputFile === null) {
+            return $output;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _sign()
+
+    /**
+     * Signs data
+     *
+     * @param string  $data       the data to be signed.
+     * @param boolean $isFile     whether or not the data is a filename.
+     * @param string  $outputFile the name of the file in which the signed data
+     *                            should be stored. If null, the signed data is
+     *                            returned as a string.
+     * @param boolean $mode       the data signing mode to use. Should be one of
+     *                            {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL},
+     *                            {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR} or
+     *                            {@link Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_DETACHED}.
+     * @param boolean $armor      if true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                            otherwise, binary data is returned. This has
+     *                            no effect if the mode
+     *                            <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR</kbd> is
+     *                            used.
+     * @param boolean $textmode   if true, line-breaks in signed data be
+     *                            normalized. Use this option when signing
+     *                            e-mail, or for greater compatibility between
+     *                            systems with different line-break formats.
+     *                            Defaults to false. This has no effect if the
+     *                            mode <kbd>Crypt_GPG::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR</kbd> is
+     *                            used as clear-signing always uses textmode.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$outputFile</kbd> parameter is null, a
+     *                     string containing the signed data (or the signature
+     *                     data if a detached signature is requested) is
+     *                     returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no signing key is specified.
+     *         See {@link Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a specified passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    protected function _sign($data, $isFile, $outputFile, $mode, $armor,
+        $textmode
+    ) {
+        if (!$this->hasSignKeys()) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'No signing keys specified.'
+            );
+        }
+
+        $input  = $this->_prepareInput($data, $isFile);
+        $output = $this->_prepareOutput($outputFile, $input);
+
+        switch ($mode) {
+        case self::SIGN_MODE_DETACHED:
+            $operation = '--detach-sign';
+            break;
+        case self::SIGN_MODE_CLEAR:
+            $operation = '--clearsign';
+            break;
+        case self::SIGN_MODE_NORMAL:
+        default:
+            $operation = '--sign';
+            break;
+        }
+
+        $arguments = array();
+
+        if ($armor) {
+            $arguments[] = '--armor';
+        }
+        if ($textmode) {
+            $arguments[] = '--textmode';
+        }
+
+        foreach ($this->signKeys as $key) {
+            $arguments[] = '--local-user ' .
+                escapeshellarg($key['fingerprint']);
+        }
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setPins($this->signKeys);
+        $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        $this->engine->setOutput($output);
+        $this->engine->setOperation($operation, $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        if ($outputFile === null) {
+            return $output;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _encryptAndSign()
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts and signs data
+     *
+     * @param string  $data       the data to be encrypted and signed.
+     * @param boolean $isFile     whether or not the data is a filename.
+     * @param string  $outputFile the name of the file in which the encrypted,
+     *                            signed data should be stored. If null, the
+     *                            encrypted, signed data is returned as a
+     *                            string.
+     * @param boolean $armor      if true, ASCII armored data is returned;
+     *                            otherwise, binary data is returned.
+     *
+     * @return void|string if the <kbd>$outputFile</kbd> parameter is null, a
+     *                     string containing the encrypted, signed data is
+     *                     returned.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if no encryption key is specified
+     *         or if no signing key is specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addEncryptKey()} and
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addSignKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a specified passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     */
+    protected function _encryptAndSign($data, $isFile, $outputFile, $armor)
+    {
+        if (!$this->hasSignKeys()) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'No signing keys specified.'
+            );
+        }
+
+        if (!$this->hasEncryptKeys()) {
+            throw new Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException(
+                'No encryption keys specified.'
+            );
+        }
+
+        $input     = $this->_prepareInput($data, $isFile);
+        $output    = $this->_prepareOutput($outputFile, $input);
+        $arguments = $armor ? array('--armor') : array();
+
+        foreach ($this->signKeys as $key) {
+            $arguments[] = '--local-user ' .
+                escapeshellarg($key['fingerprint']);
+        }
+
+        foreach ($this->encryptKeys as $key) {
+            $arguments[] = '--recipient ' . escapeshellarg($key['fingerprint']);
+        }
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setPins($this->signKeys);
+        $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        $this->engine->setOutput($output);
+        $this->engine->setOperation('--encrypt --sign', $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        if ($outputFile === null) {
+            return $output;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _verify()
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies data
+     *
+     * @param string  $data      the signed data to be verified.
+     * @param boolean $isFile    whether or not the data is a filename.
+     * @param string  $signature if verifying a file signed using a detached
+     *                           signature, this must be the detached signature
+     *                           data. Otherwise, specify ''.
+     *
+     * @return array an array of {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature} objects for the
+     *               signed data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the public key needed for
+     *         signature verification is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the provided data is not signed
+     *         data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG_Signature
+     */
+    protected function _verify($data, $isFile, $signature)
+    {
+        if ($signature == '') {
+            $operation = '--verify';
+            $arguments = array();
+        } else {
+            // Signed data goes in FD_MESSAGE, detached signature data goes in
+            // FD_INPUT.
+            $operation = '--verify - "-&' . Crypt_GPG_Engine::FD_MESSAGE. '"';
+            $arguments = array('--enable-special-filenames');
+        }
+
+        $input = $this->_prepareInput($data, $isFile, false);
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+
+        if ($signature == '') {
+            // signed or clearsigned data
+            $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        } else {
+            // detached signature
+            $this->engine->setInput($signature);
+            $this->engine->setMessage($input);
+        }
+
+        $this->engine->setOperation($operation, $arguments);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        return $this->engine->getProcessData('Signatures');
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _decryptAndVerify()
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts and verifies encrypted, signed data
+     *
+     * @param string  $data               the encrypted signed data to be decrypted and
+     *                                    verified.
+     * @param boolean $isFile             whether or not the data is a filename.
+     * @param string  $outputFile         the name of the file to which the decrypted
+     *                                    data should be written. If null, the decrypted
+     *                                    data is returned in the results array.
+     * @param boolean $ignoreVerifyErrors enables ignoring of signature verification
+     *                                    errors caused by missing public key.
+     *                                    When enabled Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException
+     *                                    will not be thrown.
+     *
+     * @return array two element array. The array has an element 'data'
+     *               containing the decrypted data and an element
+     *               'signatures' containing an array of
+     *               {@link Crypt_GPG_Signature} objects for the signed data.
+     *               If the decrypted data is written to a file, the 'data'
+     *               element is null.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_KeyNotFoundException if the private key needed to
+     *         decrypt the data is not in the user's keyring or if the public
+     *         key needed for verification is not in the user's keyring.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if specified data does not contain
+     *         GPG signed, encrypted data.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_BadPassphraseException if a required passphrase is
+     *         incorrect or if a required passphrase is not specified. See
+     *         {@link Crypt_GPG::addDecryptKey()}.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the output file is not writeable or
+     *         if the input file is not readable.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_Exception if an unknown or unexpected error occurs.
+     *         Use the <kbd>debug</kbd> option and file a bug report if these
+     *         exceptions occur.
+     *
+     * @see Crypt_GPG_Signature
+     */
+    protected function _decryptAndVerify($data, $isFile, $outputFile, $ignoreVerifyErrors = false)
+    {
+        $input  = $this->_prepareInput($data, $isFile, false);
+        $output = $this->_prepareOutput($outputFile, $input);
+
+        $this->engine->reset();
+        $this->engine->setPins($this->decryptKeys);
+        $this->engine->setInput($input);
+        $this->engine->setOutput($output);
+        $this->engine->setOperation('--decrypt');
+        $this->engine->setProcessData('IgnoreVerifyErrors', $ignoreVerifyErrors);
+        $this->engine->run();
+
+        $return = array(
+            'data'       => null,
+            'signatures' => $this->engine->getProcessData('Signatures')
+        );
+
+        if ($outputFile === null) {
+            $return['data'] = $output;
+        }
+
+        return $return;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _prepareInput()
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares command input
+     *
+     * @param string  $data       the input data.
+     * @param boolean $isFile     whether or not the input is a filename.
+     * @param boolean $allowEmpty whether to check if the input is not empty.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_NoDataException if the key data is missing.
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the file is not readable.
+     */
+    protected function _prepareInput($data, $isFile = false, $allowEmpty = true)
+    {
+        if ($isFile) {
+            $input = @fopen($data, 'rb');
+            if ($input === false) {
+                throw new Crypt_GPG_FileException(
+                    'Could not open input file "' . $data . '"',
+                    0,
+                    $data
+                );
+            }
+        } else {
+            $input = strval($data);
+            if (!$allowEmpty && $input === '') {
+                throw new Crypt_GPG_NoDataException(
+                    'No valid input data found.',
+                    self::ERROR_NO_DATA
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $input;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+    // {{{ _prepareOutput()
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares command output
+     *
+     * @param string  $outputFile the name of the file in which the output
+     *                            data should be stored. If null, the output
+     *                            data is returned as a string.
+     * @param boolean $input      the input resource, in case it would need
+     *                            to be released (closed) on exception.
+     *
+     * @throws Crypt_GPG_FileException if the file is not writeable.
+     */
+    protected function _prepareOutput($outputFile, $input = null)
+    {
+        if ($outputFile === null) {
+            $output = '';
+        } else {
+            $output = @fopen($outputFile, 'wb');
+            if ($output === false) {
+                if (is_resource($input)) {
+                    fclose($input);
+                }
+                throw new Crypt_GPG_FileException(
+                    'Could not open output file "' . $outputFile . '"',
+                    0,
+                    $outputFile
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $output;
+    }
+
+    // }}}
+}
+
+// }}}
+
+?>