annotate summa/latin/sth4082.html @ 34:2bc1f3a24bc0

fix p2
author ht
date Mon, 30 Nov 2009 21:59:53 +0000
parents 544e12f679ad
children d777cc3962f2
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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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3 <html lang="LA" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="LA">
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4 <head>
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5 <meta name="generator" content=
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6 "HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st February 2005), see www.w3.org" />
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7 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
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8 "text/html; charset=us-ascii" />
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9 <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
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10 <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" />
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11 <meta name="keywords" content=
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12 "Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, Corpus Thomisticum" />
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13 <meta name="language" content="Latin" />
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14 <meta name="security" content="public" />
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15 <meta name="owner" content="ealarcon@unav.es" />
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16 <meta name="author" content="Enrique Alarc&oacute;n" />
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17 <meta name="abstract" content="" />
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18 <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="vscreen.css" type=
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19 "text/css" />
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20 <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="vprint.css" type=
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21 "text/css" />
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22 <title>Thomas de Aquino, Summa Theologiae, III&ordf; q. 82</title>
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23 </head>
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24 <body>
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25 <a href="http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/"></a>
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26 <div class="tres">CORPUS THOMISTICUM</div>
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27 <div class="uno">Sancti Thomae de Aquino</div>
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28 <div class="uno">Summa Theologiae</div>
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29 <div class="dos">tertia pars quaestio LXXXII</div>
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30 <br />
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31 <div class="centro">
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32 <table align="center" summary="Imago">
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33 <tr>
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34 <th><img src="icons/bene180.jpg" width="204" height="180" border=
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35 "0" alt="Thomas de Aquino a Sassetta depictus" align=
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36 "middle" /></th>
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37 </tr>
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38 </table>
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39 <br />
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40 <span class="tres">Textum Leoninum Romae 1906 editum<br />
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41 ac automato translatum a Roberto Busa SJ in taenias
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42 magneticas<br />
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43 denuo recognovit Enrique Alarc&oacute;n atque instruxit<br />
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44 <br /></span><br />
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45 <hr />
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46 <br />
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47 <p><a href="sth4080.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
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48 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a> &nbsp;
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49 <a href="sth4083.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
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50 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
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51 <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">
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52 //<![CDATA[
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53 <!--
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54 // original code by Bill Trefzger 12/12/96; revised by Enrique Alarcon 12/9/2000
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99 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51056">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 arg. 2');
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100 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51057">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 arg. 3');
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104 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51061">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 ad 2');
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105 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51062">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 ad 3');
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106 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51063">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 arg. 1');
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107 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51064">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 arg. 2');
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108 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51065">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 arg. 3');
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109 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51066">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 s. c.');
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110 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51067">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 co.');
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130 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51087">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 arg. 1');
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139 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51096">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 arg. 2');
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140 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51097">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 arg. 3');
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141 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51098">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 s. c.');
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142 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51099">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 co.');
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143 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51100">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 ad 1');
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144 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51101">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 ad 2');
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145 document.write('<OPTION VALUE="#51102">III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 ad 3');
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146 document.write('<\/SELECT>');
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147 document.write('<BR><BR>');
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148 document.write('<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Agedum" ONCLICK="go()">');
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149 document.write('<\/FORM>');
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150 // -->
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151 //]]>
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152 </script><br />
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153 <hr />
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154 <br /></div>
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155 <div class="D">Quaestio 82</div>
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156 <div class="G">Prooemium</div>
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157 <p title="III q. 82 pr."><a name="51020"><span class="ref">[51020]
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158 III&ordf; q. 82 pr.</span></a> Deinde considerandum est de ministro
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159 huius sacramenti. Et circa hoc quaeruntur decem. Primo, utrum
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160 consecrare hoc sacramentum sit proprium sacerdotis. Secundo, utrum
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161 plures sacerdotes simul possent eandem hostiam consecrare. Tertio,
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162 utrum dispensatio huius sacramenti pertineat ad solum sacerdotem.
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163 Quarto, utrum liceat sacerdoti consecranti a communione abstinere.
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164 Quinto, utrum liceat sacerdoti omnino a celebratione abstinere.
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165 Sexto, utrum sacerdos peccator possit conficere hoc sacramentum.
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166 Septimo, utrum Missa mali sacerdotis minus valeat quam boni.
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167 Octavo, utrum haeretici, schismatici vel excommunicati possint
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168 conficere hoc sacramentum. Nono, utrum degradati. Decimo, utrum
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169 peccent a talibus communionem recipientes.</p>
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170 <br />
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171 <div class="E">Articulus 1</div>
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172 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 arg. 1"><a name="51021"><span class=
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173 "ref">[51021] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 arg. 1</span></a> Ad primum sic
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174 proceditur. Videtur quod consecratio huius sacramenti non proprie
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175 sit sacerdotis. Dictum est enim supra quod hoc sacramentum
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176 consecratur virtute verborum quae sunt forma huius sacramenti. Sed
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177 illa verba non mutantur sive dicantur a sacerdote sive a quocumque
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178 alio. Ergo videtur quod non solus sacerdos, sed etiam quilibet
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179 alius possit hoc sacramentum consecrare.</p>
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180 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 arg. 2"><a name="51022"><span class=
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181 "ref">[51022] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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182 sacerdos hoc sacramentum conficit in persona Christi. Sed laicus
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183 sanctus est unitus Christo per caritatem. Ergo videtur quod etiam
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184 laicus possit hoc sacramentum conficere. Unde et Chrysostomus
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185 dicit, super Matth., quod <i>omnis sanctus est sacerdos</i>.</p>
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186 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 arg. 3"><a name="51023"><span class=
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187 "ref">[51023] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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188 sicut Baptismus ordinatur ad hominum salutem, ita et hoc
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189 sacramentum, ut ex supra dictis patet. Sed etiam laicus potest
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190 baptizare, ut supra habitum est. Ergo non est proprium sacerdotis
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191 conficere hoc sacramentum.</p>
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192 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 arg. 4"><a name="51024"><span class=
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193 "ref">[51024] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 arg. 4</span></a> Praeterea, hoc
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194 sacramentum perficitur in consecratione materiae. Sed alias
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195 materias consecrare, scilicet chrisma et oleum sanctum et oleum
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196 benedictum, pertinet ad solum episcopum, quarum tamen consecratio
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197 non est tantae dignitatis sicut consecratio Eucharistiae, in qua
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198 est totus Christus. Ergo non est proprium sacerdotis, sed solius
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199 episcopi, hoc sacramentum conficere.</p>
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200 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 s. c."><a name="51025"><span class=
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201 "ref">[51025] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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202 quod Isidorus dicit, in quadam epistola, et habetur in decretis,
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203 dist. XXV, <i>ad presbyterum pertinet sacramentum corporis et
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204 sanguinis domini in altari Dei conficere</i>.</p>
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205 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 co."><a name="51026"><span class=
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206 "ref">[51026] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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207 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, hoc sacramentum tantae est
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208 dignitatis quod non conficitur nisi in persona Christi. Quicumque
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209 autem aliquid agit in persona alterius, oportet hoc fieri per
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210 potestatem ab illo concessam. Sicut autem baptizato conceditur a
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211 Christo potestas sumendi hoc sacramentum, ita sacerdoti, cum
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212 ordinatur, confertur potestas hoc sacramentum consecrandi in
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213 persona Christi, per hoc enim ponitur in gradu eorum quibus dictum
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214 est a domino, <i>hoc facite in meam commemorationem</i>. Et ideo
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215 dicendum est quod proprium est sacerdotum conficere hoc
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216 sacramentum.</p>
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217 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 ad 1"><a name="51027"><span class=
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218 "ref">[51027] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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219 dicendum quod virtus sacramentalis in pluribus consistit, et non in
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220 uno tantum, sicut virtus Baptismi consistit et in verbis et in
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221 aqua. Unde et virtus consecrativa non solum consistit in ipsis
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222 verbis, sed etiam in potestate sacerdoti tradita in sua
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223 consecratione vel ordinatione, cum ei dicitur ab episcopo,
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224 <i>accipe potestatem offerendi sacrificium in Ecclesia tam pro
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225 vivis quam pro mortuis</i>. Nam et virtus instrumentalis in
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226 pluribus instrumentis consistit, per quae agit principale
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227 agens.</p>
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228 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 ad 2"><a name="51028"><span class=
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229 "ref">[51028] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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230 dicendum quod laicus iustus unitus est Christo unione spirituali
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231 per fidem et caritatem, non autem per sacramentalem potestatem. Et
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232 ideo habet spirituale sacerdotium ad offerendum spirituales
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233 hostias, de quibus dicitur in Psalmo, <i>sacrificium Deo spiritus
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234 contribulatus</i>, et Rom. XII, <i>exhibeatis corpora vestra
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235 hostiam viventem</i>. Unde et I Petri II dicitur, <i>sacerdotium
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236 sanctum offerre spirituales hostias</i>.</p>
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237 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 ad 3"><a name="51029"><span class=
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238 "ref">[51029] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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239 dicendum quod perceptio huius sacramenti non est tantae
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240 necessitatis sicut perceptio Baptismi, ut ex supra dictis patet. Et
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241 ideo, licet in necessitatis articulo laicus possit baptizare, non
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242 tamen potest hoc sacramentum conficere.</p>
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243 <p title="III q. 82 a. 1 ad 4"><a name="51030"><span class=
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244 "ref">[51030] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 1 ad 4</span></a> Ad quartum
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245 dicendum quod episcopus accipit potestatem ut agat in persona
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246 Christi supra corpus eius mysticum, idest super Ecclesiam, quam
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247 quidem potestatem non accipit sacerdos in sua consecratione, licet
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248 possit eam habere ex episcopi commissione. Et ideo ea quae non
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249 pertinent ad dispositionem corporis mystici, non reservantur
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250 episcopo, sicut consecratio huius sacramenti. Ad episcopum vero
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251 pertinet non solum tradere populo, sed etiam sacerdotibus, ea ex
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252 quibus possunt propriis officiis uti. Et quia benedictio chrismatis
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253 et olei sancti et olei infirmorum, et aliorum quae consecrantur,
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254 puta altaris, Ecclesiae, vestium et vasorum, praestat quandam
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255 idoneitatem ad sacramenta perficienda quae pertinent ad officium
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256 sacerdotum, ideo tales consecrationes episcopo reservantur, tanquam
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257 principi totius ecclesiastici ordinis.</p>
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258 <br />
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259 <div class="E">Articulus 2</div>
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260 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 arg. 1"><a name="51031"><span class=
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261 "ref">[51031] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 arg. 1</span></a> Ad secundum
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262 sic proceditur. Videtur quod plures sacerdotes non possunt unam et
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263 eandem hostiam consecrare. Dictum est enim supra quod plures non
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264 possunt unum baptizare. Sed non minor vis est sacerdotis
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265 consecrantis quam hominis baptizantis. Ergo etiam non possunt simul
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266 plures unam hostiam consecrare.</p>
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267 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 arg. 2"><a name="51032"><span class=
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268 "ref">[51032] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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269 quod potest fieri per unum, superflue fit per multos. In
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270 sacramentis autem Christi nihil debet esse superfluum. Cum igitur
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271 unus sufficiat ad consecrandum, videtur quod plures non possunt
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272 unam hostiam consecrare.</p>
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273 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 arg. 3"><a name="51033"><span class=
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274 "ref">[51033] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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275 sicut Augustinus dicit, super Ioan., hoc sacramentum est
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276 sacramentum unitatis. Sed contrarium unitati videtur esse
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277 multitudo. Ergo non videtur conveniens esse huic sacramento quod
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278 plures sacerdotes eandem hostiam consecrent.</p>
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279 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 s. c."><a name="51034"><span class=
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280 "ref">[51034] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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281 quod, secundum consuetudinem quarundam Ecclesiarum, sacerdotes, cum
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282 de novo ordinantur, concelebrant episcopo ordinanti.</p>
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283 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 co."><a name="51035"><span class=
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diff changeset
284 "ref">[51035] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
285 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sacerdos, cum ordinatur,
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286 constituitur in gradu eorum qui a domino acceperunt potestatem
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287 consecrandi in cena. Et ideo, secundum consuetudinem quarundam
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288 Ecclesiarum, sicut apostoli Christo cenanti concenaverunt, ita novi
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289 ordinati episcopo ordinanti concelebrant. Nec per hoc iteratur
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290 consecratio super eandem hostiam, quia, sicut Innocentius III
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291 dicit, omnium intentio debet ferri ad idem instans
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292 consecrationis.</p>
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293 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 ad 1"><a name="51036"><span class=
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294 "ref">[51036] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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295 dicendum quod Christus non legitur simul baptizasse cum apostolis
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296 quando iniunxit eis officium baptizandi. Et ideo non est similis
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297 ratio.</p>
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diff changeset
298 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 ad 2"><a name="51037"><span class=
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diff changeset
299 "ref">[51037] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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300 dicendum quod, si quilibet sacerdotum operaretur in virtute
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301 propria, superfluerent alii celebrantes, uno sufficienter
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302 celebrante. Sed quia sacerdos non consecrat nisi in persona
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303 Christi, multi autem sunt unum in Christo, ideo non refert utrum
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304 per unum vel per multos hoc sacramentum consecraretur, nisi quod
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305 oportet ritum Ecclesiae servari.</p>
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diff changeset
306 <p title="III q. 82 a. 2 ad 3"><a name="51038"><span class=
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diff changeset
307 "ref">[51038] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 2 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
308 dicendum quod Eucharistia est sacramentum unitatis ecclesiasticae,
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309 quae attenditur secundum hoc quod multi sunt unum in Christo.</p>
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310 <br />
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311 <div class="E">Articulus 3</div>
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diff changeset
312 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 arg. 1"><a name="51039"><span class=
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313 "ref">[51039] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 arg. 1</span></a> Ad tertium sic
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314 proceditur. Videtur quod non pertineat solum ad sacerdotem
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315 dispensatio huius sacramenti. Sanguis enim Christi non minus
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316 pertinet ad hoc sacramentum quam corpus. Sed sanguis Christi
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317 dispensatur per diacones, unde et beatus Laurentius dixit beato
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318 Sixto, <i>experire utrum idoneum ministrum elegeris, cui commisisti
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319 dominici sanguinis dispensationem</i>. Ergo, pari ratione,
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320 dispensatio dominici corporis non pertinet ad solos sacerdotes.</p>
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321 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 arg. 2"><a name="51040"><span class=
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diff changeset
322 "ref">[51040] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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323 sacerdotes constituuntur ministri sacramentorum. Sed hoc
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324 sacramentum perficitur in consecratione materiae, non in usu, ad
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325 quem pertinet dispensatio. Ergo videtur quod non pertineat ad
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326 sacerdotem corpus domini dispensare.</p>
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diff changeset
327 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 arg. 3"><a name="51041"><span class=
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328 "ref">[51041] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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329 Dionysius dicit, in libro Eccles. Hier., quod hoc sacramentum habet
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330 perfectivam virtutem, sicut et chrisma. Sed signare chrismate
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331 baptizatos non pertinet ad sacerdotem, sed ad episcopum. Ergo etiam
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332 dispensare hoc sacramentum pertinet ad episcopum, non ad
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333 sacerdotem.</p>
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334 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 s. c."><a name="51042"><span class=
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335 "ref">[51042] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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336 quod dicitur de Consecr., dist. II, <i>pervenit ad notitiam nostram
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337 quod quidam presbyteri laico aut feminae corpus domini tradunt ad
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338 deferendum infirmis. Ergo interdicit synodus ne talis praesumptio
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339 ulterius fiat, sed presbyter per semetipsum infirmos
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340 communicet</i>.</p>
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341 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 co."><a name="51043"><span class=
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342 "ref">[51043] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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343 dicendum quod ad sacerdotem pertinet dispensatio corporis Christi,
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344 propter tria. Primo quidem quia, sicut dictum est, ipse consecrat
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345 in persona Christi. Ipse autem Christus, sicut consecravit corpus
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346 suum in cena, ita et aliis sumendum dedit. Unde, sicut ad
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347 sacerdotem pertinet consecratio corporis Christi, ita ad eum
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348 pertinet dispensatio. Secundo, quia sacerdos constituitur medius
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349 inter Deum et populum. Unde, sicut ad eum pertinet dona populi Deo
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350 offerre, ita ad eum pertinet dona sanctificata divinitus populo
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351 tradere. Tertio quia, in reverentiam huius sacramenti, a nulla re
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352 contingitur nisi consecrata, unde et corporale et calix
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353 consecrantur, similiter et manus sacerdotis, ad tangendum hoc
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354 sacramentum. Unde nulli alii tangere licet, nisi in necessitate
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355 puta si caderet in terram, vel in aliquo alio necessitatis
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356 casu.</p>
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357 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 ad 1"><a name="51044"><span class=
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358 "ref">[51044] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
359 dicendum quod diaconus, quasi propinquus ordini sacerdotali,
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360 aliquid participat de eius officio, ut scilicet dispenset
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361 sanguinem, non autem corpus, nisi in necessitate, iubente episcopo
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362 vel presbytero. Primo quidem, quia sanguis Christi continetur in
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363 vase. Unde non oportet quod tangatur a dispensante, sicut tangitur
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diff changeset
364 corpus Christi. Secundo, quia sanguis designat redemptionem a
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365 Christo in populum derivatam, unde et sanguini admiscetur aqua,
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366 quae significat populum. Et quia diaconi sunt inter sacerdotem et
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367 populum, magis convenit diaconibus dispensatio sanguinis quam
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368 dispensatio corporis.</p>
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369 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 ad 2"><a name="51045"><span class=
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diff changeset
370 "ref">[51045] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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371 dicendum quod eiusdem est hoc sacramentum dispensare et consecrare,
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372 ratione iam dicta.</p>
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diff changeset
373 <p title="III q. 82 a. 3 ad 3"><a name="51046"><span class=
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diff changeset
374 "ref">[51046] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 3 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
375 dicendum quod, sicut diaconus in aliquo participat illuminativam
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376 virtutem sacerdotis, inquantum dispensat sanguinem; ita sacerdos
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377 participat perfectivam dispensationem episcopi, inquantum dispensat
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diff changeset
378 hoc sacramentum, quo perficitur homo secundum se per coniunctionem
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379 ad Christum. Aliae autem perfectiones, quibus homo perficitur per
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380 comparationem ad alios, episcopo reservantur.</p>
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381 <br />
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diff changeset
382 <div class="E">Articulus 4</div>
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diff changeset
383 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 arg. 1"><a name="51047"><span class=
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diff changeset
384 "ref">[51047] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quartum sic
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diff changeset
385 proceditur. Videtur quod sacerdos consecrans non teneatur sumere
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diff changeset
386 hoc sacramentum. In aliis enim consecrationibus ille qui consecrat
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387 materiam, non utitur ea, sicut episcopus consecrans chrisma non
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388 linitur eodem. Sed hoc sacramentum consistit in consecratione
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389 materiae. Ergo sacerdos perficiens hoc sacramentum non necesse
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390 habet uti eodem, sed potest licite a sumptione eius abstinere.</p>
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diff changeset
391 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 arg. 2"><a name="51048"><span class=
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diff changeset
392 "ref">[51048] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea, in
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393 aliis sacramentis minister non praebet sacramentum sibi ipsi,
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394 nullus enim baptizare seipsum potest, ut supra habitum est. Sed,
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diff changeset
395 sicut Baptismus ordinate dispensatur, ita et hoc sacramentum. Ergo
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396 sacerdos perficiens hoc sacramentum non debet ipsum sumere a
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397 seipso.</p>
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398 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 arg. 3"><a name="51049"><span class=
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diff changeset
399 "ref">[51049] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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400 contingit quandoque quod miraculose corpus Christi in altari
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401 apparet sub specie carnis, et sanguis sub specie sanguinis. Quae
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402 non sunt apta cibo vel potui, unde, sicut supra dictum est, propter
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403 hoc sub alia specie traduntur, ne sint horrori sumentibus. Ergo
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404 sacerdos consecrans non semper tenetur sumere hoc sacramentum.</p>
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diff changeset
405 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 s. c."><a name="51050"><span class=
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406 "ref">[51050] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
407 quod in Concilio Toletano legitur, et habetur de Consecr., dist.
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408 II, cap. relatum, <i>modis omnibus tenendum est ut, quotiescumque
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409 sacrificans corpus et sanguinem domini nostri Iesu Christi in
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410 altario immolat, toties perceptione corporis et sanguinis
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411 participem se praebeat</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
412 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 co."><a name="51051"><span class=
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diff changeset
413 "ref">[51051] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
414 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, Eucharistia non solum est
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415 sacramentum, sed etiam sacrificium. Quicumque autem sacrificium
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416 offert, debet fieri sacrificii particeps. Quia exterius sacrificium
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417 quod offert, signum est interioris sacrificii quo quis seipsum
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418 offert Deo, ut Augustinus dicit, X de Civ. Dei. Unde per hoc quod
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419 participat sacrificio, ostendit ad se sacrificium interius
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420 pertinere. Similiter etiam per hoc quod sacrificium populo
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diff changeset
421 dispensat, ostendit se esse dispensatorem divinorum populo. Quorum
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422 ipse primo debet esse particeps, sicut Dionysius dicit, in libro
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423 Eccles. Hier. Et ideo ipse ante sumere debet quam populo dispenset.
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424 Unde in praedicto capite legitur, <i>quale est sacrificium cui nec
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425 ipse sacrificans particeps esse dignoscitur?</i> Per hoc autem fit
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426 particeps quod de sacrificio sumit, secundum illud apostoli, I Cor.
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427 X, <i>nonne qui edunt hostias, participes sunt altaris?</i> Et ideo
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428 necesse est quod sacerdos, quotiescumque consecrat, sumat hoc
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429 sacramentum integre.</p>
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430 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 ad 1"><a name="51052"><span class=
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431 "ref">[51052] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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diff changeset
432 dicendum quod consecratio chrismatis, vel cuiuscumque alterius
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433 materiae, non est sacrificium, sicut consecratio Eucharistiae. Et
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434 ideo non est similis ratio.</p>
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435 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 ad 2"><a name="51053"><span class=
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diff changeset
436 "ref">[51053] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
437 dicendum quod sacramentum Baptismi perficitur in ipso usu materiae.
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438 Et ideo nullus potest baptizare seipsum, quia in sacramento non
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439 potest esse idem agens et patiens. Unde nec in hoc sacramento
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440 sacerdos consecrat seipsum, sed panem et vinum, in qua
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441 consecratione conficitur hoc sacramentum. Usus autem sacramenti est
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442 consequenter se habens ad hoc sacramentum. Et ideo non est
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443 simile.</p>
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444 <p title="III q. 82 a. 4 ad 3"><a name="51054"><span class=
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diff changeset
445 "ref">[51054] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 4 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
446 dicendum quod, si miraculose corpus Christi in altari sub specie
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447 carnis appareat, aut sanguis sub specie sanguinis, non est
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448 sumendum. Dicit enim Hieronymus, super Levit., <i>de hac quidem
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449 hostia quae in Christi commemoratione mirabiliter fit, de illa vero
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450 quam Christus in ara crucis obtulit secundum se, nulli edere
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451 licet</i>. Nec propter hoc sacerdos transgressor efficitur, quia ea
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452 quae miraculose fiunt, legibus non subduntur. Consulendum tamen
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453 esset sacerdoti quod iterato corpus et sanguinem domini consecraret
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454 et sumeret.</p>
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455 <br />
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456 <div class="E">Articulus 5</div>
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457 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 arg. 1"><a name="51055"><span class=
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diff changeset
458 "ref">[51055] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 arg. 1</span></a> Ad quintum sic
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diff changeset
459 proceditur. Videtur quod malus sacerdos Eucharistiam consecrare non
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460 possit. Dicit enim Hieronymus, super Sophoniam, <i>sacerdotes, qui
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461 Eucharistiae serviunt et sanguinem domini dividunt, impie agunt in
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462 legem Christi, putantes Eucharistiam precantis facere verba, non
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463 vitam; et necessariam esse solemnem orationem, et non sacerdotis
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464 merita. De quibus dicitur, sacerdos, in quocumque fuerit macula,
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465 non accedat offerre oblationes domino</i>. Sed sacerdos peccator,
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466 cum sit maculosus, nec vitam habet nec merita huic convenientia
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467 sacramento. Ergo sacerdos peccator non potest consecrare
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468 Eucharistiam.</p>
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469 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 arg. 2"><a name="51056"><span class=
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diff changeset
470 "ref">[51056] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
471 Damascenus dicit, in IV libro, quod <i>panis et vinum, per adventum
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472 sancti spiritus, supernaturaliter transit in corpus domini et
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473 sanguinem</i>. Sed Gelasius Papa dicit, et habetur in decretis, I,
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474 qu. I, cap. sacrosancta, <i>quomodo ad divini mysterii
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475 consecrationem caelestis spiritus invocatus adveniet, si sacerdos
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476 qui eum adesse deprecatur, criminosis plenus actionibus
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477 comprobetur?</i> Ergo per malum sacerdotem non potest Eucharistia
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478 consecrari.</p>
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479 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 arg. 3"><a name="51057"><span class=
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diff changeset
480 "ref">[51057] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea, hoc
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diff changeset
481 sacramentum sacerdotis benedictione consecratur. Sed benedictio
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482 sacerdotis peccatoris non est efficax ad consecrationem huius
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483 sacramenti, cum scriptum sit, <i>maledicam benedictionibus
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diff changeset
484 vestris</i>. Et Dionysius dicit, in epistola ad Demophilum
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diff changeset
485 monachum, <i>perfecte cecidit a sacerdotali ordine qui non est
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diff changeset
486 illuminatus, et audax quidem mihi videtur talis, sacerdotalibus
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diff changeset
487 manum apponens; et audet immundas infamias, non enim dicam
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diff changeset
488 orationes, super divina symbola Christiformiter enuntiare</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
489 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 s. c."><a name="51058"><span class=
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diff changeset
490 "ref">[51058] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
491 quod Augustinus dicit, in libro de corpore domini, <i>intra
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diff changeset
492 Ecclesiam Catholicam, in mysterio corporis et sanguinis domini,
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diff changeset
493 nihil a bono maius, nihil a malo minus perficitur sacerdote, quia
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diff changeset
494 non in merito consecrantis, sed in verbo perficitur creatoris, et
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diff changeset
495 in virtute spiritus sancti</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
496 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 co."><a name="51059"><span class=
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diff changeset
497 "ref">[51059] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
498 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sacerdos consecrat hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
499 sacramentum non in virtute propria, sed sicut minister Christi, in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
500 cuius persona consecrat hoc sacramentum. Non autem ex hoc ipso
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parents: 26
diff changeset
501 desinit aliquis esse minister Christi quod est malus, habet enim
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parents: 26
diff changeset
502 dominus bonos et malos ministros seu servos. Unde, Matth. XXIV,
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diff changeset
503 dominus dicit, <i>quis, putas, est fidelis servus et prudens</i>,
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diff changeset
504 etc.; et postea subdit, <i>si autem dixerit malus ille servus in
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diff changeset
505 corde suo</i>, et cetera. Et apostolus dicit, I Cor. IV, <i>sic nos
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parents: 26
diff changeset
506 existimet homo ut ministros Christi</i>, et tamen postea subdit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
507 <i>nihil mihi conscius sum, sed non in hoc iustificatus sum</i>.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
508 Erat ergo certus se esse ministrum Christi, non tamen erat certus
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509 se esse iustum. Potest ergo aliquis esse minister Christi etiam si
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parents: 26
diff changeset
510 iustus non sit. Et hoc ad excellentiam Christi pertinet, cui, sicut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
511 vero Deo, serviunt non solum bona, sed etiam mala, quae per ipsius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
512 providentiam in eius gloriam ordinantur. Unde manifestum est quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
513 sacerdotes, etiam si non sint iusti, sed peccatores, possunt
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diff changeset
514 Eucharistiam consecrare.</p>
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diff changeset
515 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 ad 1"><a name="51060"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
516 "ref">[51060] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
517 dicendum quod Hieronymus per illa verba improbat errorem sacerdotum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
518 qui credebant se digne posse Eucharistiam consecrare ex hoc solo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
519 quod sunt sacerdotes, etiam si sint peccatores. Quod improbat
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parents: 26
diff changeset
520 Hieronymus per hoc quod maculosi ad altare accedere prohibentur.
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diff changeset
521 Non tamen removetur quin, si accesserint, sit verum sacrificium
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diff changeset
522 quod offerunt.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
523 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 ad 2"><a name="51061"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
524 "ref">[51061] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
525 dicendum quod ante illa verba Gelasius Papa praemittit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
526 <i>sacrosancta religio, quae Catholicam continet disciplinam,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
527 tantam sibi reverentiam vindicat ut ad eam quilibet nisi pura
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diff changeset
528 conscientia non audeat pervenire</i>. Ex quo manifeste apparet eius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
529 intentionis esse quod peccator sacerdos non debet accedere ad hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
530 sacramentum. Unde per hoc quod subdit, <i>quomodo caelestis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
531 spiritus advocatus adveniet</i>, intelligi oportet quod non advenit
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parents: 26
diff changeset
532 ex merito sacerdotis, sed ex virtute Christi, cuius verba profert
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diff changeset
533 sacerdos.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
534 <p title="III q. 82 a. 5 ad 3"><a name="51062"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
535 "ref">[51062] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 5 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
536 dicendum quod, sicut eadem actio, inquantum fit ex prava intentione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
537 ministri, potest esse mala, bona autem inquantum fit ex bona
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parents: 26
diff changeset
538 intentione domini; ita benedictio sacerdotis peccatoris, inquantum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
539 ab ipso indigne fit, est maledictione digna, et quasi infamia seu
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parents: 26
diff changeset
540 blasphemia, et non oratio reputatur; inquantum autem profertur ex
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parents: 26
diff changeset
541 persona Christi, est sancta et efficax. Unde signanter dicitur,
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diff changeset
542 <i>maledicam benedictionibus vestris</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
543 <br />
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diff changeset
544 <div class="E">Articulus 6</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
545 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 arg. 1"><a name="51063"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
546 "ref">[51063] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 arg. 1</span></a> Ad sextum sic
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diff changeset
547 proceditur. Videtur quod Missa sacerdotis mali non minus valeat
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diff changeset
548 quam Missa sacerdotis boni. Dicit enim Gregorius, in registro,
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diff changeset
549 <i>heu, in quam magnum laqueum incidunt qui divina et occulta
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parents: 26
diff changeset
550 mysteria plus ab aliis sanctificata fieri posse credunt, cum unus
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parents: 26
diff changeset
551 idemque spiritus sanctus ea mysteria occulte atque invisibiliter
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parents: 26
diff changeset
552 operando sanctificet</i>. Sed haec occulta mysteria celebrantur in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
553 Missa. Ergo Missa mali sacerdotis non minus valet quam Missa
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diff changeset
554 boni.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
555 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 arg. 2"><a name="51064"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
556 "ref">[51064] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
557 sicut Baptismus traditur a ministro in virtute Christi, qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
558 baptizat, ita et hoc sacramentum, quod in persona Christi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
559 consecratur. Sed non melior Baptismus datur a meliori ministro, ut
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parents: 26
diff changeset
560 supra habitum est. Ergo neque etiam melior Missa est quae
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parents: 26
diff changeset
561 celebratur a meliori sacerdote.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
562 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 arg. 3"><a name="51065"><span class=
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diff changeset
563 "ref">[51065] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
564 sicut merita sacerdotum differunt per bonum et melius, ita etiam
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diff changeset
565 differunt per bonum et malum. Si ergo Missa melioris sacerdotis est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
566 melior, sequitur quod Missa mali sacerdotis sit mala. Quod est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
567 inconveniens, quia malitia ministrorum non potest redundare in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
568 Christi mysteria; sicut Augustinus dicit, in libro de Baptismo.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
569 Ergo neque Missa melioris sacerdotis est melior.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
570 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 s. c."><a name="51066"><span class=
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diff changeset
571 "ref">[51066] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
572 quod habetur I, qu. I, <i>quanto sacerdotes fuerint digniores,
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diff changeset
573 tanto facilius in necessitatibus pro quibus clamant,
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diff changeset
574 exaudiuntur</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
575 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 co."><a name="51067"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
576 "ref">[51067] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
577 dicendum quod in Missa duo est considerare; scilicet ipsum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
578 sacramentum, quod est principale; et orationes quae in Missa fiunt
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parents: 26
diff changeset
579 pro vivis et mortuis. Quantum ergo ad sacramentum, non minus valet
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parents: 26
diff changeset
580 Missa mali sacerdotis quam boni, quia utrobique idem conficitur
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parents: 26
diff changeset
581 sacramentum. Oratio etiam quae fit in Missa, potest considerari
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parents: 26
diff changeset
582 dupliciter. Uno modo, inquantum habet efficaciam ex devotione
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parents: 26
diff changeset
583 sacerdotis orantis. Et sic non est dubium quod Missa melioris
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parents: 26
diff changeset
584 sacerdotis magis est fructuosa. Alio modo, inquantum oratio in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
585 Missa profertur a sacerdote in persona totius Ecclesiae, cuius
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parents: 26
diff changeset
586 sacerdos est minister. Quod quidem ministerium etiam in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
587 peccatoribus manet, sicut supra dictum est de ministerio Christi.
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parents: 26
diff changeset
588 Unde quantum ad hoc, est fructuosa non solum oratio sacerdotis
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diff changeset
589 peccatoris in Missa, sed etiam omnes aliae eius orationes quas
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diff changeset
590 facit in ecclesiasticis officiis, in quibus gerit personam
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parents: 26
diff changeset
591 Ecclesiae. Sed orationes eius privatae non sunt fructuosae,
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diff changeset
592 secundum illud Proverb. XXVIII, <i>qui declinat aurem suam ne
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diff changeset
593 audiat legem, oratio eius erit execrabilis</i>.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
594 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 ad 1"><a name="51068"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
595 "ref">[51068] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
596 dicendum quod Gregorius loquitur ibi quantum ad sanctitatem divini
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diff changeset
597 sacramenti.</p>
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diff changeset
598 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 ad 2"><a name="51069"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
599 "ref">[51069] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
600 dicendum quod in sacramento Baptismi non fiunt solemnes orationes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
601 pro omnibus fidelibus, sicut in Missa. Et ideo quantum ad hoc non
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diff changeset
602 est simile. Est autem simile quantum ad effectum sacramenti.</p>
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diff changeset
603 <p title="III q. 82 a. 6 ad 3"><a name="51070"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
604 "ref">[51070] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 6 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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parents: 26
diff changeset
605 dicendum quod propter virtutem spiritus sancti, qui per unitatem
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parents: 26
diff changeset
606 caritatis communicat invicem bona membrorum Christi, fit quod bonum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
607 privatum quod est in Missa sacerdotis boni, est fructuosum aliis.
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diff changeset
608 Malum autem privatum unius hominis non potest alteri nocere, nisi
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parents: 26
diff changeset
609 per aliqualem consensum, ut Augustinus dicit, in libro contra
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diff changeset
610 Parmenianum.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
611 <br />
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parents: 26
diff changeset
612 <div class="E">Articulus 7</div>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
613 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 arg. 1"><a name="51071"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
614 "ref">[51071] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 arg. 1</span></a> Ad septimum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
615 sic proceditur. Videtur quod haeretici et schismatici et
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diff changeset
616 excommunicati consecrare non possunt. Dicit enim Augustinus quod
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diff changeset
617 <i>extra Ecclesiam Catholicam non est locus veri sacrificii</i>. Et
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diff changeset
618 Leo Papa dicit, et habetur in decretis, I, qu. I, aliter, (scilicet
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diff changeset
619 quam in Ecclesia, quae corpus Christi est) <i>nec rata sunt
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diff changeset
620 sacerdotia, nec vera sacrificia</i>. Sed haeretici, schismatici et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
621 excommunicati sunt ab Ecclesia separati. Ergo non possunt verum
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diff changeset
622 sacrificium conficere.</p>
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diff changeset
623 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 arg. 2"><a name="51072"><span class=
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diff changeset
624 "ref">[51072] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
625 sicut legitur ibidem, Innocentius Papa dicit, <i>Arianos,
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diff changeset
626 ceterasque huiusmodi pestes, quia laicos eorum sub imagine
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parents: 26
diff changeset
627 poenitentiae suscipimus, non videntur clerici eorum cum sacerdotii
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parents: 26
diff changeset
628 aut cuiuspiam mysterii suscipiendi dignitate esse, quibus solum
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parents: 26
diff changeset
629 Baptisma ratum esse permittimus</i>. Sed non potest aliquis
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parents: 26
diff changeset
630 consecrare Eucharistiam nisi sit cum sacerdotii dignitate. Ergo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
631 haeretici, et ceteri huiusmodi, non possunt Eucharistiam
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diff changeset
632 conficere.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
633 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 arg. 3"><a name="51073"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
634 "ref">[51073] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
635 ille qui est extra Ecclesiam, non videtur aliquid posse agere in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
636 persona totius Ecclesiae. Sed sacerdos consecrans Eucharistiam hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
637 agit in persona totius Ecclesiae, quod patet ex hoc quod omnes
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parents: 26
diff changeset
638 orationes proponit in persona Ecclesiae. Ergo videtur quod illi qui
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parents: 26
diff changeset
639 sunt extra Ecclesiam, scilicet haeretici et schismatici et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
640 excommunicati, non possunt consecrare Eucharistiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
641 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 s. c."><a name="51074"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
642 "ref">[51074] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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parents: 26
diff changeset
643 quod Augustinus dicit, in II contra Parmen., sicut Baptismus in
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parents: 26
diff changeset
644 eis, scilicet haereticis, schismaticis et excommunicatis, ita
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parents: 26
diff changeset
645 ordinatio mansit integra. Sed ex vi ordinationis sacerdos potest
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parents: 26
diff changeset
646 consecrare Eucharistiam. Ergo haeretici, schismatici et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
647 excommunicati, cum in eis maneat ordinatio integra, videtur quod
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parents: 26
diff changeset
648 possint consecrare Eucharistiam.</p>
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parents: 26
diff changeset
649 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 co."><a name="51075"><span class=
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parents: 26
diff changeset
650 "ref">[51075] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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parents: 26
diff changeset
651 dicendum quod quidam dixerunt quod haeretici, schismatici et
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parents: 26
diff changeset
652 excommunicati, quia sunt extra Ecclesiam, non possunt conficere hoc
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parents: 26
diff changeset
653 sacramentum. Sed in hoc decipiuntur. Quia, sicut Augustinus dicit,
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parents: 26
diff changeset
654 in II contra Parmen., <i>aliud est aliquid omnino non habere, aliud
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parents: 26
diff changeset
655 autem non recte habere, et similiter est etiam aliud non dare, et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
656 aliud non recte dare</i>. Illi igitur qui, intra Ecclesiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
657 constituti, receperunt potestatem consecrandi in ordinatione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
658 sacerdotii, recte quidem habent potestatem, sed non recte ea
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
659 utuntur, si postmodum per haeresim aut schisma vel
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
660 excommunicationem ab Ecclesia separentur. Qui autem sic separati
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
661 ordinantur, nec recte habent potestatem, nec recte utuntur. Quod
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
662 tamen utrique potestatem habeant, per hoc patet quod, sicut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
663 Augustinus ibidem dicit, cum redeunt ad unitatem Ecclesiae, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
664 reordinantur, sed recipiuntur in suis ordinibus. Et quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
665 consecratio Eucharistiae est actus consequens ordinis potestatem,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
666 illi qui sunt ab Ecclesia separati per haeresim aut schisma vel
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
667 excommunicationem, possunt quidem consecrare Eucharistiam, quae ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
668 eis consecrata verum corpus Christi et sanguinem continet, non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
669 tamen recte hoc faciunt, sed peccant facientes. Et ideo fructum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
670 sacrificii non percipiunt, quod est sacrificium spirituale.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
671 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 ad 1"><a name="51076"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
672 "ref">[51076] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
673 dicendum quod auctoritas illa et similes intelligendae sunt quantum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
674 ad hoc quod non recte extra Ecclesiam sacrificium offertur. Unde
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
675 extra Ecclesiam non potest esse spirituale sacrificium, quod est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
676 verum veritate fructus, licet sit verum veritate sacramenti, sicut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
677 etiam supra dictum est quod peccator sumit corpus Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
678 sacramentaliter, sed non spiritualiter.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
679 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 ad 2"><a name="51077"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
680 "ref">[51077] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
681 dicendum quod solus Baptismus permittitur esse ratus haereticis et
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
682 schismaticis, quia possunt licite baptizare in articulo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
683 necessitatis. In nullo autem casu licite possunt Eucharistiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
684 consecrare, vel alia sacramenta conferre.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
685 <p title="III q. 82 a. 7 ad 3"><a name="51078"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
686 "ref">[51078] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 7 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
687 dicendum quod sacerdos in Missa in orationibus quidem loquitur in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
688 persona Ecclesiae, in cuius unitate consistit. Sed in consecratione
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
689 sacramenti loquitur in persona Christi, cuius vicem in hoc gerit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
690 per ordinis potestatem. Et ideo, si sacerdos ab unitate Ecclesiae
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
691 praecisus Missam celebret, quia potestatem ordinis non amittit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
692 consecrat verum corpus et sanguinem Christi, sed quia est ab
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
693 Ecclesiae unitate separatus, orationes eius efficaciam non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
694 habent.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
695 <br />
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
696 <div class="E">Articulus 8</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
697 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 arg. 1"><a name="51079"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
698 "ref">[51079] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 arg. 1</span></a> Ad octavum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
699 proceditur. Videtur quod sacerdos degradatus non possit hoc
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
700 sacramentum conficere. Nullus enim conficit hoc sacramentum nisi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
701 per potestatem consecrandi quam habet. <i>Sed degradatus non habet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
702 potestatem consecrandi, licet habeat potestatem baptizandi</i>, ut
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
703 dicit canon. Ergo videtur quod presbyter degradatus non possit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
704 Eucharistiam consecrare.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
705 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 arg. 2"><a name="51080"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
706 "ref">[51080] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
707 ille qui aliquid dat, potest etiam auferre. Sed episcopus dat
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
708 presbytero potestatem consecrandi ordinando ipsum. Ergo etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
709 potest ei auferre degradando ipsum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
710 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 arg. 3"><a name="51081"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
711 "ref">[51081] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
712 sacerdos per degradationem aut amittit potestatem consecrandi, aut
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
713 solam executionem. Sed non solam executionem, quia sic non plus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
714 amitteret degradatus quam excommunicatus, qui executione caret.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
715 Ergo videtur quod amittit potestatem consecrandi. Et ita videtur
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
716 quod non possit conficere hoc sacramentum.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
717 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 s. c."><a name="51082"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
718 "ref">[51082] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
719 quod Augustinus, in II contra Parmen., probat quod apostatae a fide
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
720 non carent Baptismate, per hoc quod <i>per poenitentiam redeuntibus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
721 non restituitur, et ideo non posse amitti iudicatur</i>. Sed
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
722 similiter degradatus, si reconcilietur, non est iterum ordinandus.
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
723 Ergo non amisit potestatem consecrandi. Et ita sacerdos degradatus
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
724 potest conficere hoc sacramentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
725 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 co."><a name="51083"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
726 "ref">[51083] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
727 dicendum quod potestas consecrandi Eucharistiam pertinet ad
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
728 characterem sacerdotalis ordinis. Character autem quilibet, quia
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
729 cum quadam consecratione datur, indelebilis est, ut supra dictum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
730 est, sicut et quarumcumque rerum consecrationes perpetuae sunt, nec
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
731 amitti nec reiterari possunt. Unde manifestum est quod potestas
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
732 consecrandi non amittitur per degradationem. Dicit enim Augustinus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
733 in II contra Parmen., utrumque, scilicet Baptismus et ordo,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
734 sacramentum est, <i>et quadam consecratione utrumque homini datur,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
735 et illud cum baptizatur, et illud cum ordinatur. Ideo non licet a
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
736 Catholicis utrumque iterari</i>. Et sic patet quod sacerdos
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
737 degradatus potest conficere hoc sacramentum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
738 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 ad 1"><a name="51084"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
739 "ref">[51084] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
740 dicendum quod canon ille non loquitur assertive, sed inquisitive,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
741 sicut ex circumstantia litterae haberi potest.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
742 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 ad 2"><a name="51085"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
743 "ref">[51085] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
744 dicendum quod episcopus non dat potestatem sacerdotalis ordinis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
745 propria virtute, sed instrumentaliter, sicut minister Dei, cuius
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
746 effectus per hominem tolli non potest, secundum illud Matth. XIX,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
747 <i>quos Deus coniunxit, homo non separet</i>. Et ideo episcopus non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
748 potest hanc potestatem auferre, sicut nec ille qui baptizat potest
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
749 auferre characterem baptismalem.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
750 <p title="III q. 82 a. 8 ad 3"><a name="51086"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
751 "ref">[51086] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 8 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
752 dicendum quod excommunicatio est medicinalis. Et ideo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
753 excommunicatis non aufertur executio sacerdotalis potestatis quasi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
754 in perpetuum, sed ad correctionem, usque ad tempus. Degradatis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
755 autem aufertur executio quasi in perpetuum condemnatis.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
756 <br />
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
757 <div class="E">Articulus 9</div>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
758 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 arg. 1"><a name="51087"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
759 "ref">[51087] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 arg. 1</span></a> Ad nonum sic
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
760 proceditur. Videtur quod aliquis licite possit communionem recipere
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
761 a sacerdotibus haereticis vel excommunicatis, vel etiam
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
762 peccatoribus, et ab eis Missam audire. Sicut enim Augustinus,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
763 contra Petilianum, dicit, <i>neque in homine bono neque in homine
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
764 malo aliquis Dei fugiat sacramenta</i>. Sed sacerdotes, quamvis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
765 sint peccatores et haeretici vel excommunicati, verum conficiunt
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
766 sacramentum. Ergo videtur quod non sit vitandum ab eis communionem
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
767 accipere vel eorum Missam audire.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
768 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 arg. 2"><a name="51088"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
769 "ref">[51088] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
770 corpus Christi verum figurativum est corporis mystici, sicut supra
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
771 dictum est. Sed a praedictis sacerdotibus verum corpus Christi
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
772 consecratur. Ergo videtur quod illi qui sunt de corpore mystico,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
773 possint eorum sacrificiis communicare.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
774 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 arg. 3"><a name="51089"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
775 "ref">[51089] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
776 multa peccata sunt graviora quam fornicatio. Sed non est prohibitum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
777 audire Missas sacerdotum aliter peccantium. Ergo etiam non debet
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
778 esse prohibitum audire Missas sacerdotum fornicariorum.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
779 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 s. c."><a name="51090"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
780 "ref">[51090] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
781 quod canon dicit, XXXII dist., <i>nullus audiat Missam sacerdotis
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
782 quem indubitanter concubinam novit habere</i>. Et Gregorius dicit,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
783 in III Dialog., quod <i>pater perfidus Arianum episcopum misit ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
784 filium, ut ex eius manu sacrilegae consecrationis communionem
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
785 acciperet, sed vir Deo devotus Ariano episcopo venienti exprobravit
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
786 ut debuit</i>.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
787 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 co."><a name="51091"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
788 "ref">[51091] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 co.</span></a> Respondeo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
789 dicendum quod, sicut supra dictum est, sacerdotes, si sint
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
790 haeretici vel schismatici vel excommunicati, vel etiam peccatores,
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
791 quamvis habeant potestatem consecrandi Eucharistiam, non tamen ea
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
792 recte utuntur, sed peccant utentes. Quicumque autem communicat
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
793 alicui in peccato, ipse particeps peccati efficitur, unde et in
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
794 secunda canonica Ioannis legitur quod qui dixerit ei, ave, scilicet
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
795 haeretico, <i>communicat operibus illius malignis</i>. Et ideo non
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
796 licet a praedictis communionem accipere aut eorum Missam audire.
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
797 Differt tamen inter praedictas sectas. Nam haeretici et schismatici
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
798 et excommunicati sunt per sententiam Ecclesiae executione
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
799 consecrandi privati. Et ideo peccat quicumque eorum Missam audit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
800 vel ab eis accipit sacramenta. Sed non omnes peccatores sunt per
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
801 sententiam Ecclesiae executione huius potestatis privati. Et sic,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
802 quamvis sint suspensi quantum est ex sententia divina, non tamen
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
803 quantum ad alios ex sententia Ecclesiae. Et ideo, usque ad
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
804 sententiam Ecclesiae, licet ab eis communionem accipere et eorum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
805 Missam audire. Unde super illud I Cor. V, <i>cum huiusmodi nec
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
806 cibum sumere</i>, dicit Glossa Augustini, <i>hoc dicendo, noluit
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
807 hominem ab homine iudicari ex arbitrio suspicionis, vel etiam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
808 extraordinario usurpato iudicio, sed potius ex lege Dei, secundum
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
809 ordinem Ecclesiae, sive ultro confessum, vel accusatum et
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
810 convictum</i>.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
811 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 ad 1"><a name="51092"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
812 "ref">[51092] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
813 dicendum quod in hoc quod refugimus audire talium sacerdotum Missam
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
814 aut ab eis communionem recipere, non refugimus Dei sacramenta, sed
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
815 potius ea veneramur, unde hostia a talibus sacerdotibus consecrata
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parents: 26
diff changeset
816 est adoranda, et, si reservetur, licite potest sumi a sacerdote
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
817 legitimo. Sed refugimus culpam indigne ministrantium.</p>
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
818 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 ad 2"><a name="51093"><span class=
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
819 "ref">[51093] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
820 dicendum quod unitas corporis mystici est fructus corporis veri
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
821 percepti. Illi autem qui indigne percipiunt vel ministrant,
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
822 privantur fructu, ut supra dictum est. Et ideo non est sumendum ex
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ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
823 eorum dispensatione sacramentum ab eis qui sunt in unitate
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
824 Ecclesiae.</p>
544e12f679ad convert to xml
ht
parents: 26
diff changeset
825 <p title="III q. 82 a. 9 ad 3"><a name="51094"><span class=
544e12f679ad convert to xml
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parents: 26
diff changeset
826 "ref">[51094] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 9 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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827 dicendum quod, licet fornicatio non sit gravior ceteris peccatis,
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828 tamen ad eam sunt homines proniores, propter carnis
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diff changeset
829 concupiscentiam. Et ideo specialiter hoc peccatum a sacerdotibus
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830 prohibitum est ab Ecclesia, ne aliquis audiat Missam concubinarii
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831 sacerdotis. Sed hoc intelligendum est de notorio, vel per
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832 sententiam quae fertur in convictum, vel confessionem in iure
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833 factam, vel quando non potest peccatum aliqua tergiversatione
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834 celari.</p>
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835 <br />
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diff changeset
836 <div class="E">Articulus 10</div>
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837 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 arg. 1"><a name="51095"><span class=
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838 "ref">[51095] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 arg. 1</span></a> Ad decimum
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839 sic proceditur. Videtur quod liceat sacerdoti omnino a
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840 consecratione Eucharistiae abstinere. Sicut enim ad officium
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841 sacerdotis pertinet Eucharistiam consecrare, ita etiam baptizare et
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842 in aliis sacramentis ministrare. Sed sacerdos non tenetur
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843 ministrare in aliis sacramentis, nisi propter curam animarum
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844 susceptam. Ergo videtur quod nec etiam teneatur Eucharistiam
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845 consecrare, si curam non habeat animarum.</p>
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846 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 arg. 2"><a name="51096"><span class=
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diff changeset
847 "ref">[51096] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 arg. 2</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
848 nullus tenetur facere quod sibi non licet, alioquin esset
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849 perplexus. Sed sacerdoti peccatori, vel etiam excommunicato, non
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850 licet Eucharistiam consecrare, ut ex supra dictis patet. Ergo
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851 videtur quod tales non teneantur ad celebrandum. Et ita nec alii,
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852 alioquin ex sua culpa commodum reportarent.</p>
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853 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 arg. 3"><a name="51097"><span class=
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diff changeset
854 "ref">[51097] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 arg. 3</span></a> Praeterea,
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diff changeset
855 dignitas sacerdotalis non perditur per subsequentem infirmitatem,
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856 dicit enim Gelasius Papa, et habetur in decretis, dist. LV,
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857 <i>praecepta canonum sicut non patiuntur venire ad sacerdotium
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858 debiles corpore, ita, si quis in eo fuerit constitutus ac tunc
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859 fuerit sauciatus, amittere non potest quod tempore suae
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diff changeset
860 sinceritatis accepit</i>. Contingit autem quandoque quod ordinati
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861 in sacerdotes incurrunt aliquos defectus ex quibus a celebratione
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862 impediuntur, sicut est lepra, vel morbus caducus, vel aliquid
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863 huiusmodi. Non ergo videtur quod sacerdotes ad celebrandum
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864 teneantur.</p>
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diff changeset
865 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 s. c."><a name="51098"><span class=
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866 "ref">[51098] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 s. c.</span></a> Sed contra est
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diff changeset
867 quod Ambrosius dicit, in quadam oratione, <i>grave est quod ad
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868 mensam tuam mundo corde et manibus innocentibus non venimus, sed
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869 gravius est si, dum peccata metuimus, etiam sacrificium non
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870 reddamus</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
871 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 co."><a name="51099"><span class=
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diff changeset
872 "ref">[51099] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 co.</span></a> Respondeo
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diff changeset
873 dicendum quod quidam dixerunt quod sacerdos potest omnino licite a
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874 consecratione abstinere, nisi teneatur ex cura sibi commissa
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diff changeset
875 celebrare pro populo et sacramenta praebere. Sed hoc
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876 irrationabiliter dicitur. Quia unusquisque tenetur uti gratia sibi
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diff changeset
877 data cum fuerit opportunum, secundum illud II Cor. VI, <i>hortamur
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diff changeset
878 vos ne in vacuum gratiam Dei recipiatis</i>. Opportunitas autem
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diff changeset
879 sacrificium offerendi non solum attenditur per comparationem ad
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diff changeset
880 fideles Christi, quibus oportet sacramenta ministrari, sed
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diff changeset
881 principaliter per comparationem ad Deum, cui in consecratione huius
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diff changeset
882 sacramenti sacrificium offertur. Unde sacerdoti, etiam si non
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diff changeset
883 habeat curam animarum, non licet omnino a celebratione cessare, sed
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884 saltem videtur quod celebrare tenetur in praecipuis festis, et
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885 maxime in illis diebus in quibus fideles communicare consueverunt.
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886 Et hinc est quod II Machab. IV dicitur contra quosdam sacerdotes
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diff changeset
887 quod <i>iam non circa altaris officia dediti erant, contempto
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888 templo et sacrificiis neglectis</i>.</p>
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diff changeset
889 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 ad 1"><a name="51100"><span class=
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diff changeset
890 "ref">[51100] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 ad 1</span></a> Ad primum ergo
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891 dicendum quod alia sacramenta perficiuntur in usu fidelium. Et ideo
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892 in illis ministrare non tenetur nisi ille qui super fideles
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893 suscipit curam. Sed hoc sacramentum perficitur in consecratione
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894 Eucharistiae, in qua sacrificium Deo offertur, ad quod sacerdos
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diff changeset
895 obligatur ex ordine iam suscepto.</p>
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diff changeset
896 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 ad 2"><a name="51101"><span class=
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diff changeset
897 "ref">[51101] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 ad 2</span></a> Ad secundum
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diff changeset
898 dicendum quod sacerdos peccator, si per sententiam Ecclesiae sit
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diff changeset
899 executione ordinis privatus vel simpliciter vel ad tempus, redditus
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diff changeset
900 est impotens ad sacrificium offerendum, et ideo obligatio tollitur.
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901 Hoc autem cedit sibi in detrimentum spiritualis fructus, magis quam
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diff changeset
902 in emolumentum. Si vero non sit privatus potestate celebrandi, non
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diff changeset
903 solvitur obligatio. Nec tamen est perplexus, quia potest de peccato
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diff changeset
904 poenitere et celebrare.</p>
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diff changeset
905 <p title="III q. 82 a. 10 ad 3"><a name="51102"><span class=
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diff changeset
906 "ref">[51102] III&ordf; q. 82 a. 10 ad 3</span></a> Ad tertium
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diff changeset
907 dicendum quod debilitas vel aegritudo superveniens ordini
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908 sacerdotali ordinem non tollit, executionem tamen ordinis impedit
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diff changeset
909 quantum ad consecrationem Eucharistiae. Quandoque quidem propter
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910 impossibilitatem executionis, sicut si privetur oculis aut digitis,
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911 aut usu linguae. Quandoque autem propter periculum, sicut patet de
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912 eo qui patitur morbum caducum, vel etiam quamcumque alienationem
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diff changeset
913 mentis. Quandoque propter abominationem, sicut patet de leproso,
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diff changeset
914 qui non debet publice celebrare. Potest tamen dicere Missam
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915 occulte, nisi lepra adeo invaluerit quod per corrosionem membrorum
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916 eum ad hoc reddiderit impotentem.</p>
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diff changeset
917 <div class="centro"><br />
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918 <p><a href="sth4080.html"><img src="icons/ageretro.gif" width="19"
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919 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age retro" /></a> &nbsp;
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diff changeset
920 <a href="sth4083.html"><img src="icons/ageultra.gif" width="19"
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921 height="19" align="middle" border="0" alt="age ultra" /></a></p>
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922 <br />
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923 <hr />
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924 <br />
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925 <address>&copy; 2006 Fundaci&oacute;n Tom&aacute;s de Aquino quoad
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diff changeset
926 hanc editionem<br />
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diff changeset
927 Iura omnia asservantur<br />
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diff changeset
928 OCLC nr. <a href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/oclc/49644264"
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929 style="text-decoration=none">49644264</a></address>
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930 </div>
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931 </body>
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932 </html>